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Готові списки джерел за темами / Light-ion reactions / Статті в журналах

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Статті в журналах з теми "Light-ion reactions"

Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 10 березня 2023

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1

Boztosun, I. "Systematic investigation of light heavy-ion reactions." Physics of Atomic Nuclei 65, no. 4 (April 2002): 607–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/1.1471259.

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2

Navrátil, Petr, Sofia Quaglioni, and and Robert Roth. "Ab Initio Theory of Light-ion Reactions." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 312, no. 8 (September 23, 2011): 082002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/312/8/082002.

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3

Beck, C., and A. Szanto de Toledo. "Macroscopic features of light heavy-ion fission reactions." Physical Review C 53, no. 4 (April 1, 1996): 1989–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physrevc.53.1989.

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4

Gupta, Raj K., M. Balasubramaniam, Rajesh Kumar, Dalip Singh, and C. Beck. "Collective clusterization effects in light heavy ion reactions." Nuclear Physics A 738 (June 2004): 479–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2004.04.091.

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5

Navrátil, Petr, Sofia Quaglioni, Robert Roth, and Wataru Horiuchi. "$\boldsymbol Ab~Initio$ Calculations of Light-Ion Reactions." Progress of Theoretical Physics Supplement 196 (2012): 117–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1143/ptps.196.117.

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6

Yokota, W., T. Nakagawa, M. Ogihara, T. Komatsubara, Y. Fukuchi, K. Suzuki, W. Galster, et al. "Energy damping feature in light heavy-ion reactions." Zeitschrift f�r Physik A Atomic Nuclei 333, no. 4 (December 1989): 379–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01299691.

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7

de Moura, M. M., A. A. P. Suaide, N. Added, E. E. Alonso, W. H. Z. Cardenas, R. J. Fujii, M. G. Munhoz, et al. "Light heavy-ion reactions: time scales and emission order of light products." Nuclear Physics A 696, no. 1-2 (December 2001): 64–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0375-9474(01)01126-5.

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8

Anpo, Masakazu, and Masato Takeuchi. "Design and development of second-generation titanium oxide photocatalysts to better our environment—approaches in realizing the use of visible light." International Journal of Photoenergy 3, no. 2 (2001): 89–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/s1110662x01000101.

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Анотація:

The design and development of second-generation titanium oxide photocatalysts which absorb UV-visible light and work as efficient photocatalysts under irradiation of light in the UV-visible light regions were successfuly carriedout by applying advancedmetal ion-implantation techniques. Titanium oxide catalysts were implanted with various transition-metal ions by a high-voltage acceleration technique, then calcined inO2at around 723–823 K to produce photocatalysts capable of absorbing visible light, the extent of such redshift depending on the kind and amount of metal ion implanted. The transition-metal ion implanted titanium oxide photocatalysts, specifically using V, Mn, or Cr ions, were successful in carring out various photocatalytic reactions such as the decomposition ofNOXand the reaction involving the decomposition ofH2Oat 295 K, significantly under irradiation with visible light longer than 450 nm. In outdoor field reactivity tests, these V or Cr ion-implanted titanium oxide photocatalysts showed four to three times higher photocatalytic reactivity for those photocatalytic reactions under solar beam irradiation, as compared with the original unimplanted titanium oxide photocatalyst. The advantages and possibilities of utilizing such second-generation titanium oxide photocatalysts are the only way to address environmental pollution on a large andglobal scale.

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9

Colonna, M., J. Cugnon, and E. C. Pollacco. "Resilience of nuclear matter in light ion induced reactions." Physical Review C 55, no. 3 (March 1, 1997): 1404–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physrevc.55.1404.

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10

Schenkel, T., A. Persaud, H. Wang, P. A. Seidl, R. MacFadyen, C. Nelson, W. L. Waldron, et al. "Investigation of light ion fusion reactions with plasma discharges." Journal of Applied Physics 126, no. 20 (November 28, 2019): 203302. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5109445.

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11

Wang, G., K. Kwiatkowski, K. B. Morley, D. S. Bracken, E. Renshaw Foxford, W. A. Friedman, R. G. Korteling, et al. "Time dependence of multifragmentation in light-ion-induced reactions." Physics Letters B 393, no. 3-4 (February 1997): 290–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0370-2693(96)01627-9.

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12

MARLEY, P. L., D. G. JENKINS, N. S. PATTABIRAMAN, A. P. ROBINSON, R. WADSWORTH, S. COURTIN, F. HAAS, et al. "HEAVY ION RADIATIVE CAPTURE OF 12C +12C." International Journal of Modern Physics E 17, no. 10 (November 2008): 2040–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218301308011057.

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Анотація:

Resonances in light heavy ion reactions are a much studied but little understood phenomenon. New measurements are reported of the 12 C (12 C ,γ)24 Mg radiative capture reaction with the aim of performing spectroscopic measurements on the previously identified resonances. The preliminary analysis is outlined relating to the identification of the 24 Mg using a triple ion chamber setup.

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13

Xenoulis, A. C. "COMPETITION BETWEEN LIGHT CLUSTER AND CONSTITUENT MULTINUCLEON EMISSION IN HEAVY-ION REACTIONS." HNPS Proceedings 2 (February 18, 2020): 341. http://dx.doi.org/10.12681/hnps.2861.

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Isoproduct competition. i.e. competition between cluster and multlnucleon emission leading to the same residual nucleus, emerges as a general, interesting and useful characteristic of nuclear reactions. Common properties and factors underlying the competition between pn and d as well as between p2n. dn and t evaporation are recognized and discussed. The application of the isoproduct-competition method in the delineation of the mechanisms involved in 7Li-lnduced reactions suggests that an additional mechanism, breakup-fusion, is involved even at very low energies. Finally, the competition associated with alpha emission In the 12C+16O reaction demonstrates a strong contribution from composite 4He emission which cannot be accounted far by either the systematica or standard statistical calculations.

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14

Yoon, Eunsoo, Collin D. Davies, Tim A. Hooper, and Richard M. Crooks. "Photoelectrochemical ion concentration polarization: membraneless ion filtration based on light-driven electrochemical reactions." Lab on a Chip 17, no. 14 (2017): 2491–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7lc00455a.

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15

Rana, T. K., C. Bhattacharya, S. Manna, V. Srivastava, K. Banerjee, S. Kundu, P. Roy, et al. "Fragment emission studies in low energy light heavy-ion reactions." EPJ Web of Conferences 86 (2015): 00036. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/20158600036.

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16

Boccato, M., R. Bonetti, E. Fioretto, A. De Rosa, G. Inglima, and M. Sandoli. "Long-range correlation widths in light heavy-ion nuclear reactions." Physical Review C 40, no. 2 (August 1, 1989): 719–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physrevc.40.719.

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17

Forstner, O., P. Törnström, H. Friedmann, P. Hille, J. Kühtreiber, A. Pavlik, and A. Priller. "Light ion induced nuclear reactions close to the Coulomb barrier." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 312, no. 8 (September 23, 2011): 082021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/312/8/082021.

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18

Oset, E., P. Fernández de Córdoba, J. Nieves, and M. J. Vicente-Vacas. "Proton and light ion induced charge exchange reactions in nuclei." Physica Scripta 48, no. 1 (July 1, 1993): 101–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0031-8949/48/1/017.

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19

Hupin, G., S. Quaglioni, J. Langhammer, P. Navrátil, A. Calci, and R. Roth. "Progress on Light-Ion Fusion Reactions with Three-Nucleon Forces." Few-Body Systems 55, no. 8-10 (January 11, 2014): 1013–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00601-013-0800-4.

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20

Tam, C. L., J. Stevenson, W. Benenson, J. Clayton, Y. Chen, E. Kashy, A. R. Lampis, et al. "High-energy gamma-ray production in light-ion induced reactions." Physical Review C 38, no. 6 (December 1, 1988): 2526–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physrevc.38.2526.

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21

TARKANYI, F., F. DITROI, S. TAKACS, J. CSIKAI, A. HERMANNE, M. UDDIN, M. HAGIWARA, M. BABA, Y. SHUBIN, and A. DITYUK. "Activation cross-sections of light ion induced nuclear reactions on platinum: proton induced reactions." Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms 226, no. 4 (December 2004): 473–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0168-583x(04)00875-4.

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22

Tárkányi, F., F. Ditrói, S. Takács, J. Csikai, A. Hermanne, M. S. Uddin, M. Hagiwara, M. Baba, Yu N. Shubin, and A. I. Dityuk. "Activation cross-sections of light ion induced nuclear reactions on platinum: proton induced reactions." Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms 226, no. 4 (December 2004): 473–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nimb.2004.06.042.

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23

MAZZOCCO, MARCO. "REACTION DYNAMICS INDUCED FROM LIGHT WEAKLY-BOUND RADIOACTIVE ION BEAMS AT NEAR-BARRIER ENERGIES." International Journal of Modern Physics E 19, no. 05n06 (June 2010): 977–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218301310015424.

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Анотація:

This work presents an overview of the latest experiments performed to study the reaction dynamics induced from light weakly-bound Radioactive Ion Beams on medium-mass and heavy targets at near-barrier energies. Production reactions, secondary beam intensities and experimental results on elastic scattering, transfer, breakup and fusion processes are presented and discussed. A comparative analysis of fusion and reaction cross section data for different projectile-target combinations is finally given.

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24

Fábián, István, and Gábor Lente. "Light-induced multistep redox reactions: The diode-array spectrophotometer as a photoreactor." Pure and Applied Chemistry 82, no. 10 (June 23, 2010): 1957–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1351/pac-con-09-11-16.

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The light source of a photometer may induce chemical reactions in photosensitive reactive systems. Diode-array spectrophotometers are particularly suitable for producing such phenomena. This paper provides an overview on how this equipment can be used as a photoreactor. The principles of various techniques to control the intensity and spectral region of the illuminating light are discussed in detail. It will be shown that the quantum yields of various photochemically induced redox reactions can be determined by exploiting specific features of diode-array spectrophotometers. Kinetic coupling between primary photo-chemical and secondary thermally activated reaction steps are utilized to explore intimate details of composite redox reactions. Key aspects of the method applied are demonstrated via the photoreactions of 2,6-dichloro-1,4-benzoquinone (DCQ), the photoinduced autoxidation of S(IV) and a photochemically activated redox reaction of the chlorate ion.

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25

Pollarolo, G. "Some Aspects of Transfer Reactions in Light and Heavy Ion Collisions." Acta Physica Polonica B 44, no. 3 (2013): 407. http://dx.doi.org/10.5506/aphyspolb.44.407.

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26

Tippawan, U., T. Vilaithong, S. Pomp, P. Andersson, R. Bevilacqua, J. Blomgren, C. Gustavsson, et al. "Light-Ion Production in 175 MeV Neutron-Induced Reactions on Oxygen." Journal of the Korean Physical Society 59, no. 2(3) (August 12, 2011): 1979–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.3938/jkps.59.1979.

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27

Tippawan, U., T. Vilaithong, S. Pomp, K. Jansson, C. Gustavsson, M. Österlund, V. Simutkin, et al. "Light-ion Production in 175 MeV Neutron-induced Reactions on Oxygen." Nuclear Data Sheets 119 (May 2014): 194–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nds.2014.08.054.

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28

Satchler, G. R. "Transfer reactions and optical potential ambiguities for light heavy-ion systems." Nuclear Physics A 505, no. 1 (December 1989): 103–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0375-9474(89)90418-1.

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29

KRAVCHUK, V. L., O. V. FOTINA, F. GRAMEGNA, M. BRUNO, M. D'AGOSTINO, S. SAMBI, S. BARLINI, and G. CASINI. "PRE-EQUILIBRIUM ALPHA-PARTICLE EMISSION AS A PROBE TO EXPLORE ALPHA CLUSTERING IN NUCLEI." International Journal of Modern Physics E 20, no. 04 (April 2011): 1050–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218301311019258.

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Анотація:

Experimental data of the double-differential spectra of light particles emitted at pre-equilibrium stage of nuclear processes were obtained at Laboratori Nazionali di Legnaro for the heavy-ion reactions 130 and 250 MeV 16 O + 116 Sn . Light charged particles were measured in coincidence with evaporation residues in order to avoid unwanted competing mechanisms. The experimental data were collected in a wide angular range from 29 to 82 degrees in the laboratory system. Theoretical model was developed in order to describe simultaneously evaporative and pre-equilibrium emission of the light particles in heavy-ion reactions. Griffin exciton model was used for the description of the pre-equilibrium stage of the compound nucleus formation, while the equilibrium evaporation processes were analyzed in the framework of the statistical theory of heavy-ion reactions. Experimental data were compared with the results of the model calculations and new approach was suggested to take into account alpha cluster formation in the projectile nucleus by measuring and analyzing pre-equilibrium alpha-particle spectra.

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30

Joung, Joonyoung F., Jeeun Lee, Joungin Hwang, Kihang Choi, and Sungnam Park. "A new visible light triggered Arrhenius photobase and its photo-induced reactions." New Journal of Chemistry 44, no. 3 (2020): 668–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9nj05404a.

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31

Szanto de Toledo, A., L. Fante, R. M. Anjos, N. Added, M. M. Coimbra, M. C. S. Figueira, N. Carlin Filho, E. M. Szanto, M. S. Hussein, and B. V. Carlson. "Dissipative processes in light-heavy-ion-induced reactions and their time scales." Physical Review C 42, no. 3 (September 1, 1990): R815—R818. http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physrevc.42.r815.

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32

Kailas, S. "Light charged particle emission in heavy-ion reactions — What have we learnt?" Pramana 57, no. 1 (July 2001): 75–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12043-001-0158-x.

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33

Aspas, J. Castaño, and A. González Ureña. "Laser-Induced Negative Ionization: The SF6 + Ba Surface Reaction." Laser Chemistry 14, no. 4 (January 1, 1994): 201–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/1994/32196.

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Анотація:

This paper reports on the results about the SF6 + Ba (surface) reactions as a function of the vibrational excitation of the polyatomic molecule. A thermal, vibrationally excited by a tunable CO2 laser, SF6 beam is collided with a Ba surface target under high vacuum conditions. The total negative ion yield is measured as a function of the laser wavelength. Preliminary results show a strong vibrational enhancement of the beam-surface reactions indicating important laser-assisted negative ionization effects. The results are discussed in the light of several possible reaction mechanisms.

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34

Suomivuori, Carl-Mikael, Ana P. Gamiz-Hernandez, Dage Sundholm, and Ville R. I. Kaila. "Energetics and dynamics of a light-driven sodium-pumping rhodopsin." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 114, no. 27 (June 13, 2017): 7043–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1703625114.

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Анотація:

The conversion of light energy into ion gradients across biological membranes is one of the most fundamental reactions in primary biological energy transduction. Recently, the structure of the first light-activated Na+ pump, Krokinobacter eikastus rhodopsin 2 (KR2), was resolved at atomic resolution [Kato HE, et al. (2015) Nature 521:48–53]. To elucidate its molecular mechanism for Na+ pumping, we perform here extensive classical and quantum molecular dynamics (MD) simulations of transient photocycle states. Our simulations show how the dynamics of key residues regulate water and ion access between the bulk and the buried light-triggered retinal site. We identify putative Na+ binding sites and show how protonation and conformational changes gate the ion through these sites toward the extracellular side. We further show by correlated ab initio quantum chemical calculations that the obtained putative photocycle intermediates are in close agreement with experimental transient optical spectroscopic data. The combined results of the ion translocation and gating mechanisms in KR2 may provide a basis for the rational design of novel light-driven ion pumps with optogenetic applications.

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35

Tanaka, Miho, Keita Shichijo, and Hisashi Shimakoshi. "(Digital Presentation) Synthesis of Ureas and Carbamates from Carbon Tetrahalides By B₁₂-TiO₂ Catalyst Modified with Magnesium Ion." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2022-01, no. 42 (July 7, 2022): 1847. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2022-01421847mtgabs.

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Organometallic B12 compounds are unique metal complexes having a cobalt-carbon s-bond present in biological systems. Cleavage of the metal-organic σ-bond initiates many B12 dependent enzymatic reactions. Based on unique properties of B12 enzymes, many B12-inspired reactions were developed.1-3 Here we report the visible light-driven B12inspired reaction for the synthesis of base chemicals from carbon tetrahalides as C1 building block. The hybrid catalyst, B12-Mg2+-TiO2, composed of the B12 derivative and titanium oxide modified with magnesium ion (Mg2+-TiO2) was synthesized for the visible light-driven catalytic reaction (Figure 1). Carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) was converted to N,N-diethylurea by the B12-Mg2+-TiO2 catalyst under the visible light irradiation (l>420 nm) with diethylamine (Et2NH) in air at room temperature. Valuable ureas are synthesized from CCl4 under mild condition. This photochemical catalytic reaction was applied to the synthesis of asymmetric ureas, carbamates, and carbonate ester via carbamoyl chloride in the presence of corresponding nucleophiles, RNH2, R2NH, ROH. Furthermore, the reactions were applied to carbon tetrabromide (CBr4) as substrate. Carbon tetrabromide is a commercially available solid compound which is stable at room temperature and can be easily handled. Scope of substrate and detailed reaction mechanism will be reported in this presentation. References [1] H. Shimakoshi, Y. Hisaeda, Chem. Rec., 2021, 21, 2080. [2] Z. Luo, H. Shimakoshi et al, J. Org. Chem., 2021, 86, 5983. [3] K. Shichijo, M. Fujitsuka, Y. Hisaeda, H. Shimakoshi, J. Organomet. Chem., 2020, 907, 121058. Figure 1

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36

Brown, Robert Stan. "Bio-inspired approaches to accelerating metal ion-promoted reactions: enzyme-like rates for metal ion mediated phosphoryl and acyl transfer processes." Pure and Applied Chemistry 87, no. 6 (June 1, 2015): 601–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/pac-2014-1008.

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Анотація:

Abstract Intense efforts by many research groups for more than 50 years have been directed at biomimetic approaches to understand how enzymes achieve their remarkable rate accelerations. Nevertheless, it was noted in 2003 that, despite numerous efforts to design models for catalyzing the cleavage of such species as phosphate diesters, “none of the several models so far described approaches the enormous catalytic efficiency of natural enzymes”. The same could be said for biomimetics of other enzymes promoting acyl or phosphoryl transfer reactions, particularly those mediated by metal ions such as Zn(II). Clearly other important factors were being overlooked or awaiting discovery. In this manuscript we describe two important effects that we have implemented to accelerate metal ion catayzed phosphoryl and acyl transfer reactions. The first of these relates to a medium effect where the polarity of the solution, as measured by dielectric constant, is reduced from that of water (ε = 78) to values of 31.5 and 24.3 when the solvent is changed to methanol or ethanol. Among organic solvents these light alcohols are closest to water in terms of structure and properties as well as retaining important H-bonding properties. The second important effect involves a known but difficult to demonstrate mode of catalysis where the leaving group (LG) in a solvolysis reaction is accelerated as it becomes progressively poorer. In the cases described herein, the LG’s propensity to depart from a substrate during the course of reaction is accelerated by coordination to a metal ion in a process known as leaving group assistance, or LGA. These two effects can each impart accelerations of 109–1017 for certain metal ion catalyzed reactions relative to the corresponding solvent, or base induced reactions.

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37

Prajapat, Rinku, Moumita Maiti, Deepak Kumar, and Amit Chauhan. "Preequilibrium strength in light heavy-ion induced reactions up to 7 MeV/nucleon." Physica Scripta 95, no. 5 (March 2, 2020): 055306. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1402-4896/ab784e.

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38

Beaulieu, L., M. Samri, B. Djerroud, G. Auger, G. C. Ball, D. Doré, A. Galindo-Uribarri, et al. "Excitation energies in statistical emission of light charged particles in heavy-ion reactions." Physical Review C 51, no. 6 (June 1, 1995): 3492–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physrevc.51.3492.

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39

Mei, Liangyong, José M. Veleta, and Thomas L. Gianetti. "Helical Carbenium Ion: A Versatile Organic Photoredox Catalyst for Red-Light-Mediated Reactions." Journal of the American Chemical Society 142, no. 28 (June 30, 2020): 12056–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jacs.0c05507.

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40

Basu, Chinmay, and Sudip Ghosh. "Closed-form evaluation of pre-equilibrium light-cluster emission in heavy ion reactions." Physics Letters B 425, no. 3-4 (April 1998): 227–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0370-2693(98)00185-3.

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41

Suaide, A. A. P., M. M. de Moura, N. Adde, N. N. Ajitanand, N. Carlin, M. G. Munhoz, F. A. Souza, E. M. Szanto, J. Takahashi, and A. Szanto de Toledo. "Dynamics of light heavy-ion reactions in the framework of their time scales." Physics Letters B 579, no. 3-4 (January 2004): 271–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.physletb.2003.11.012.

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42

Basu, Chinmay, and Sudip Ghosh. "Target-projectile symmetry effects on fast light-particle emissions in heavy ion reactions." Physics Letters B 484, no. 3-4 (July 2000): 218–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0370-2693(00)00677-8.

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43

Boztosun, I., and W. D. M. Rae. "A new coupling potential for the analysis of deformed light heavy-ion reactions." Physics Letters B 518, no. 3-4 (October 2001): 229–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0370-2693(01)01063-2.

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44

Kravchuk, V. L., S. Barlini, and O. V. Fotina. "Light Particle Emission Mechanisms in Heavy-Ion Reactions at 5-20 MeV/u." EPJ Web of Conferences 2 (2010): 10006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/20100210006.

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45

Machner, H. "A model for continuous particle spectra from light and heavy ion induced reactions." Zeitschrift f�r Physik A Atomic Nuclei 336, no. 2 (June 1990): 209–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01290622.

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46

Botvina, Alexander, and Marcus Bleicher. "Processes of hypernuclei formation in relativistic ion collisions." EPJ Web of Conferences 171 (2018): 13001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/201817113001.

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Анотація:

The study of hypernuclei in relativistic ion collisions open new opportunities for nuclear and particle physics. The main processes leading to the production of hypernuclei in these reactions are the disintegration of large excited hyper-residues (target- and projectile-like), and the coalescence of hyperons with other baryons into light clusters. We use the transport, coalescence and statistical models to describe the whole reaction, and demonstrate the effectiveness of this approach: These reactions lead to the abundant production of multi-strange nuclei and new hypernuclear states. A broad distribution of predicted hypernuclei in masses and isospin allows for investigating properties of exotic hypernuclei, as well as the hypermatter both at high and low temperatures. There is a saturation of the hypernuclei production at high energies, therefore, the optimal way to pursue this experimental research is to use the accelerator facilities of intermediate energies, like FAIR (Darmstadt) and NICA (Dubna).

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47

Korenbrot, Juan I. "Speed, adaptation, and stability of the response to light in cone photoreceptors: The functional role of Ca-dependent modulation of ligand sensitivity in cGMP-gated ion channels." Journal of General Physiology 139, no. 1 (December 26, 2011): 31–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1085/jgp.201110654.

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The response of cone photoreceptors to light is stable and reproducible because of the exceptional regulation of the cascade of enzymatic reactions that link visual pigment (VP) excitation to the gating of cyclic GMP (cGMP)-gated ion channels (cyclic nucleotide–gated [CNG]) in the outer segment plasma membrane. Regulation is achieved in part through negative feedback control of some of these reactions by cytoplasmic free Ca2+. As part of the control process, Ca2+ regulates the phosphorylation of excited VP, the activity of guanylate cyclase, and the ligand sensitivity of the CNG ion channels. We measured photocurrents elicited by stimuli in the form of flashes, steps, and flashes superimposed on steps in voltage-clamped single bass cones isolated from striped bass retina. We also developed a computational model that comprises all the known molecular events of cone phototransduction, including all Ca-dependent controls. Constrained by available experimental data in bass cones and cone transduction biochemistry, we achieved an excellent match between experimental photocurrents and those simulated by the model. We used the model to explore the physiological role of CNG ion channel modulation. Control of CNG channel activity by both cGMP and Ca2+ causes the time course of the light-dependent currents to be faster than if only cGMP controlled their activity. Channel modulation also plays a critical role in the regulation of the light sensitivity and light adaptation of the cone photoresponse. In the absence of ion channel modulation, cone photocurrents would be unstable, oscillating during and at the offset of light stimuli.

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48

Du, Lili, Xin Lan, Zhiping Yan, Ruixue Zhu, and David Phillips. "Time-Resolved Spectroscopic Study of N,N-Di(4-bromo)nitrenium Ions in Selected Solutions." Molecules 23, no. 12 (December 3, 2018): 3182. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules23123182.

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Nitrenium ions are important reactive intermediates in chemistry and biology. In this work, femtosecond and nanosecond transient absorption (fs-TA and ns-TA) along with nanosecond time-resolved resonance Raman (ns-TR3) experiments were employed to examine the photochemical pathways of N-(4,4′-dibromodiphenylamino)-2,4,6-trimethylpyridinium BF4− (salt (DN) from just absorption of a photon of light to the production of the important N,N-di(4-bromophenyl)nitrenium ion 2. In acetonitrile (MeCN), the formation of halogenated diarylnitrenium ion 2 was observed within 4 ps, showing the vibrational spectra with strong intensity. The nucleophilic adduct reaction of ion 2 with H2O was also examined in aqueous solutions. The direct detection of the unique ortho adduct intermediate 3 shows that there is an efficient and exclusive reaction pathway for 2 with H2O. The results shown in this paper give new characterization of 2, which can be used to design time-resolved spectroscopy investigations of covalent addition reactions of nitrenium ions with other molecules in future studies.

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49

Bougault, Rémi, Bernard Borderie, Abdelouahad Chbihi, Quentin Fable, John David Frankland, Emmanuelle Galichet, Tom Genard, et al. "Light Cluster Production in Central Symmetric Heavy-Ion Reactions from Fermi to Gev Energies." Symmetry 13, no. 8 (August 2, 2021): 1406. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym13081406.

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Correlations and clustering are of great importance in the study of the Nuclear Equation of State. Information on these items/aspects can be obtained using heavy-ion reactions which are described by dynamical theories. We propose a dataset that will be useful for improving the description of light cluster production in transport model approaches. The dataset combines published and new data and is presented in a form that allows direct comparison of the experiment with theoretical predictions. The dataset is ranging in bombarding energy from 32 to 1930 A MeV. In constructing this dataset, we put in evidence the existence of a change in the light cluster production mechanism that corresponds to a peak in deuteron production.

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50

Figueira, M. C. S., E. M. Szanto, A. Szanto de Toledo, M. P. Pato, M. S. Hussein, and L. F. Canto. "Role of the breakup process in the hindrance of light-heavy-ion fusion reactions." Physical Review C 46, no. 3 (September 1, 1992): 1139–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physrevc.46.1139.

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