Статті в журналах: "Light emitting fabric"

1

Li, Jing, Yanan Zhu, and Mingqiao Ge. "Influence of fluorescent pigments on the spectral characteristics of luminous coated fabrics." Materials Research Express 8, no. 11 (November 1, 2021): 115703. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/2053-1591/ac39c2.

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Abstract In recent years, luminous coated fabrics based on SrAl2O4: Eu2+, Dy3+ luminescent materials have attracted more attention. However, due to the single emission color of SrAl2O4: Eu2+, Dy3+ luminescent materials, the application of prepared coated fabrics has certain liminations. Therefore, at present, there is a need to develop a kind of luminous coated fabric which has the capability of emitting multiple colors of light. In this work, fluorescent pigments and SrAl2O4: Eu2+, Dy3+ luminescent materials were added to a coating slurry and uniformly coated over a woven fabric substrate. The effects of adding fluorescent pigments on the spectral characteristics of luminous coated fabrics were evaluated. The blue fluorescent pigment causes a significant blue shift in the emission spectrum of the blue light-emitting coated fabric, whereas the emission spectra of the orange and red light-emitting coated fabrics exhibit a significant red shift. The yellow-green fluorescent pigments significantly affect the coated fabric. The emission spectrum shows no evident change and is similar to the emission spectrum of white (without any fluorescent pigment) luminescent coated fabric. The afterglow brightness of the colored luminous coated fabrics decreases exponentially with time. Adding blue fluorescent pigments has a greater impact on the brightness of the coated fabrics. The initial brightness is lower and the afterglow brightness loss is higher when using yellow-green fluorescence. The pigment has little effect on the brightness loss of coated fabrics, and the initial brightness of the coated fabric increases when adding yellow-green fluorescent pigments. Fluorescent pigments result in relatively low color purity for each colored coated fabric. However, the color rendering index is high, and the color rendering performance for the light source is excellent.

2

Martin, Alyssa, and Adam Fontecchio. "Effect of Fabric Integration on the Physical and Optical Performance of Electroluminescent Fibers for Lighted Textile Applications." Fibers 6, no. 3 (July 17, 2018): 50. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fib6030050.

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The advent of electroluminescent (EL) fibers, which emit light in response to an applied electric field, has opened the door for fabric-integrated light emission and displays in textiles. However, there have been few technical publications over the past few years about the performance of these light emitting fibers inside functional fabrics. Thus, there is limited information on the effect of integration on the physical and optical performance of such devices. In this work, alternating current powder-based EL (ACPEL) fibers were evaluated under a range of operating conditions both inside and outside of a knit matrix to understand how the EL fiber device performance changed inside a functional fabric. The device efficiency, adjustable brightness, and mechanical properties of these fibers are presented. The effects of fabric integration on the light-emitting fibers as well as the supporting knit fabric are discussed as they relate to the practical applications of this technology.

3

Cinquino, Marco, Carmela Prontera, Marco Pugliese, Roberto Giannuzzi, Daniela Taurino, Giuseppe Gigli, and Vincenzo Maiorano. "Light-Emitting Textiles: Device Architectures, Working Principles, and Applications." Micromachines 12, no. 6 (June 2, 2021): 652. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi12060652.

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E-textiles represent an emerging technology aiming toward the development of fabric with augmented functionalities, enabling the integration of displays, sensors, and other electronic components into textiles. Healthcare, protective clothing, fashion, and sports are a few examples application areas of e-textiles. Light-emitting textiles can have different applications: sensing, fashion, visual communication, light therapy, etc. Light emission can be integrated with textiles in different ways: fabricating light-emitting fibers and planar light-emitting textiles or employing side-emitting polymer optical fibers (POFs) coupled with light-emitting diodes (LEDs). Different kinds of technology have been investigated: alternating current electroluminescent devices (ACELs), inorganic and organic LEDs, and light-emitting electrochemical cells (LECs). The different device working principles and architectures are discussed in this review, highlighting the most relevant aspects and the possible approaches for their integration with textiles. Regarding POFs, the methodology to obtain side emissions and the critical aspects for their integration into textiles are discussed in this review. The main applications of light-emitting fabrics are illustrated, demonstrating that LEDs, alone or coupled with POFs, represent the most robust technology. On the other hand, OLEDs (Organic LEDs) are very promising for the future of light-emitting fabrics, but some issues still need to be addressed.

4

Zhang, Zhitao, Xiang Shi, Huiqing Lou, Yifan Xu, Jing Zhang, Yiming Li, Xunliang Cheng, and Huisheng Peng. "A stretchable and sensitive light-emitting fabric." Journal of Materials Chemistry C 5, no. 17 (2017): 4139–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6tc05156a.

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5

Jin, Rui Peng, Zi Min Jin, Xue Qin Wang, and Bin Yang. "The Design of Jacquard Fabric with Optical Fiber for Effect of Leaves Falling." Advanced Materials Research 821-822 (September 2013): 283–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.821-822.283.

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The optical jacquard decorative fabric which had patterns in dynamic display was woven with side-emitting polymer optical fibers (POF) and common textile fibers. The side-emitting POFs were designed as surface wefts in luminous parts of the fabric, and the POFs were back in other parts. These POFs were divided into different groups according to luminous sequence. Then the POFs were connected with light sources and a specific circuit. Finally the patterns of fabric could display like animation. When POFs didnt emit light, the fabric kept the effect of traditional jacquard fabric.

6

Mordon, Serge, Cédric Cochrane, Jean Baptiste Tylcz, Nacim Betrouni, Laurent Mortier, and Vladan Koncar. "Light emitting fabric technologies for photodynamic therapy." Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy 12, no. 1 (March 2015): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pdpdt.2014.11.002.

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7

Harlin, Ali, Mailis Mäkinen, and Anne Vuorivirta. "DEVELOPMENT OF POLYMERIC OPTICAL FIBRE FABRICS AS ILLUMINATION ELEMENTS AND TEXTILE DISPLAYS." AUTEX Research Journal 3, no. 1 (March 1, 2003): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/aut-2003-030101.

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Abstract Polymeric optical fibre (POF) is used for simple light guide and illumination applications. The polymer optical fibre materials can be utilised in flexible lighting elements which can be combined with textile structures. The POF woven fabrics are introduced as a flexible alternative to lighting elements. Various light-emitting woven fabric and light emission theories has been discussed. Simple polymethyl- metacrylate PMMA and polycarbonate PC fibres have been produced experimentally through single-screw and conical extrusion. The fibre is integrated in woven structures by means of handloom, narrow fabric weaving and Jacquard technology. The manufacturing technology suitable for lightemitting textile applications and its opportunities in textile integration is discussed.

8

Kim, Woohyun, Seonil Kwon, Sung-Min Lee, Jin Yeong Kim, Yuncheol Han, Eungtaek Kim, Kyung Cheol Choi, Sungmee Park, and Byoung-Cheul Park. "Soft fabric-based flexible organic light-emitting diodes." Organic Electronics 14, no. 11 (November 2013): 3007–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.orgel.2013.09.001.

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9

Chu, Wei Cheng, Hsin Ju Lin, and Shu Ping Chiu. "Design of Photo-Induced Biofeedback Fabric and Study of its Influence on Brain Wave." Applied Mechanics and Materials 311 (February 2013): 512–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.311.512.

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Because of stress and sleeping obstacle for 21th century people, the purpose of this study is to design a home decorative fabric which has the function of releasing from stress and enhancing sleeping quality. The optical fiber were sewn on the surface of optical fabric in form of three kinds of curvature patterns. Guiding the LED light into the optical fiber, the light will emit out of the optical fiber and stimulate our visual system in order to change the form of brain wave. Afterwards, the EEG instrument was used to evaluate the function of stress relaxation of such fabrics. The results were shown that human’s brain wave can be changed from relaxed and sober status to shallow-sleeping status after the stimulation of light emitting from the optical fiber fabrics. For the effect of causing shallow-sleeping status, female is more significant than male. Therefore, the light stimulating visual system by using the optical fiber fabrics can change the form of brain wave and achieve the effect of stress relaxation.

10

Ranga, Shravan, Ujwal Shreenag Meda, and Samhita Kiran. "Nanotechnology in the Textile Industry: Present and Future." ECS Transactions 107, no. 1 (April 24, 2022): 4791–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/10701.4791ecst.

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The use of nanotechnology in various types of textiles revolutionized the industry. Bulletproof jumpsuits, invisible coatings, advanced fibers, and fabric touchpads have transformed traditional textiles into smart textiles. Artificial muscles, also known as ICPs (inherently conductive polymers), are made from nanomaterials that mimic biological muscles. Fabrics coated with silver nanoparticles are the most effective antibacterial bandages or dressings. New advancements allowed usage of pressure pads which have nanoparticles of gold, nickel, and so on incorporated into it. The piezoelectric capabilities of carbon doped polymers used in iPod controls and fabric switches are preserved. Woven optical fibers are used in textiles for a variety of purposes, including light transmission, sensing, deformation detection, and data transmission. Another approach for the transfer of graphic and multicolored surfaces is light emitting fabrics. Fabrics made with phase change materials act as a thermostat, ensuring that the desired temperature is maintained.

11

Jeong, Soon Moon, Seongkyu Song, Hye-Jin Seo, Won Mi Choi, Sung-Ho Hwang, Se Geun Lee, and Sang Kyoo Lim. "Battery-Free, Human-Motion-Powered Light-Emitting Fabric: Mechanoluminescent Textile." Advanced Sustainable Systems 1, no. 12 (November 22, 2017): 1700126. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/adsu.201700126.

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12

Wilson, Christopher J. L., and Mark Peternell. "Evaluating ice fabrics using fabric analyser techniques in Sørsdal Glacier, East Antarctica." Journal of Glaciology 57, no. 205 (2011): 881–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.3189/002214311798043744.

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AbstractIce cores (∼4 m long) obtained from areas of different surface velocities near the terminus of Sørsdal Glacier, East Antarctica, have been investigated using two versions of a fabric analyser (G50). In sections parallel to the flow plane, the microstructure is typically interlocking with elongate grains that parallel air-bubble elongation, X, reflecting their development in an earlier ductile regime. The c-axis fabric patterns vary with respect to X and vary from single–double maxima to asymmetric small-circle girdles oblique to the planar foliation, which can be attributed to a simple shear regime. The siteto-site variations in the c-axis patterns can be related to areas of different surface velocities, the asymmetry of fabrics correlating with localized strain variations and differences in the deformation path, but not to the current strain pattern recorded by the near-surface deformation conditions. Overprinting fractures have little effect on microstructure except for local dissolution and precipitation along stylolitic surfaces. Comparison of results from the two different fabric analysers reveals that with a higher pixel resolution the incorporation of additional monochromatic light-emitting diodes and repositioning of a retarder plate produce more reliable c-axis measurements.

13

Yin, Da, Zhi‐Yu Chen, Nai‐Rong Jiang, Yue‐Feng Liu, Yan‐Gang Bi, Xu‐Lin Zhang, Wei Han, Jing Feng, and Hong‐Bo Sun. "Highly Flexible Fabric‐Based Organic Light‐Emitting Devices for Conformal Wearable Displays." Advanced Materials Technologies 5, no. 4 (April 2020): 1900942. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/admt.201900942.

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14

Kim, Woohyun, Seonil Kwon, Yun Cheol Han, Eungtaek Kim, Kyung Cheol Choi, Sin-Hyeok Kang, and Byoung-Cheul Park. "Reliable Actual Fabric-Based Organic Light-Emitting Diodes: Toward a Wearable Display." Advanced Electronic Materials 2, no. 11 (September 5, 2016): 1600220. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aelm.201600220.

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15

Kim, Jae Seon, and Chung Kun Song. "Textile Display with AMOLED Using a Stacked-Pixel Structure on a Polyethylene Terephthalate Fabric Substrate." Materials 12, no. 12 (June 22, 2019): 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma12122000.

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An active-mode organic light-emitting diode (AMOLED) display on a fabric substrate is expected to be a prominent textile display for e-textile applications. However, the large surface roughness of the fabric substrate limits the aperture ratio—the area ratio of the organic light-emitting diode (OLED) to the total pixel area. In this study, the aperture ratio of the AMOLED panel fabricated on the polyethylene terephthalate fabric substrate was enhanced by applying a stacked-pixel structure, in which the OLED was deposited above the organic thin-film transistor (OTFT) pixel circuit layer. The stacked pixels were achieved using the following three key technologies. First, the planarization process of the fabric substrate was performed by sequentially depositing a polyurethane and photo-acryl layer, improving the surface roughness from 10 μm to 0.3 μm. Second, a protection layer consisting of three polymer layers, a water-soluble poly-vinyl alcohol, dichromated-polyvinylalcohol (PVA), and photo acryl, formed by a spin-coating processes was inserted between the OTFT circuit and the OLED layer. Third, a high mobility of 0.98 cm2/V∙s was achieved at the panel scale by using hybrid carbon nano-tube (CNT)/Au (5 nm) electrodes for the S/D contacts and the photo-acryl (PA) for the gate dielectric, enabling the supply of a sufficiently large current (40 μA @ VGS = −10 V) to the OLED. The aperture ratio of the AMOLED panel using the stacked-pixel structure was improved to 48%, which was about two times larger than the 19% of the side-by-side pixel, placing the OLED just beside the OTFTs on the same plane.

16

Liu, Su, Jiahui Tong, Chenxiao Yang, and Li Li. "Smart E-textile: Resistance properties of conductive knitted fabric – Single pique." Textile Research Journal 87, no. 14 (July 20, 2016): 1669–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0040517516658509.

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Wearable electronics textiles are a new emerging phenomenon. These are textiles that incorporate electrical properties, for example heating, light emitting, sensing, etc., and are now being rapidly developed due to the creation of new types of fibers and fiber composites. The different ways that can be used to combine conductive fibers with electronics components have been receiving much attention in wearable electronics research. However, to meet the requirements for both aesthetics and function, textiles technology and the garment design method are important for commercial success. In order to apply electronics to fabrics with the use of conductive fibers, complex and elastic fabric structures both need to be modeled. Therefore, the focus of this study is to examine the resistance properties of single pique, a fabric that is conductive and has a knitted structure that uses tuck stitches, a typical structure in knitting. A planar geometric model is established for a single pique structure based on the loop construction of this knitted fabric. Subsequently, resistive network models are developed for different cases of external voltages to calculate the resistance values of single pique fabrics with different numbers of wales and courses. Corresponding experiments are carried out to verify the proposed resistive network modeling. The newly developed resistance model in this study will provide significant benefits to the industrialization of wearable electronics textiles and the apparel industry as they can offer commercial apparel products that are not only aesthetically pleasing and multi-functional, but also have high added value.

17

Yin, Da, Zhi-Yu Chen, Nai-Rong Jiang, Yue-Feng Liu, Yan-Gang Bi, Xu-Lin Zhang, Wei Han, Jing Feng, and Hong-Bo Sun. "Highly transparent and flexible fabric-based organic light emitting devices for unnoticeable wearable displays." Organic Electronics 76 (January 2020): 105494. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.orgel.2019.105494.

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18

Li, Ran, Ding, and Wang. "Fabric Circuit Board Connecting to Flexible Sensors or Rigid Components for Wearable Applications." Sensors 19, no. 17 (August 29, 2019): 3745. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19173745.

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Electronic textiles demand a new family of flexible circuit boards in the construction of fiber or fiber assemblies. This paper presents a stretchable woven fabric circuit board (FCB) with permanent as well as detachable electrical connections to sensors or other wearable electronics components. The woven FCB was created by integrating conductive yarns into an elastic woven fabric. Permanent connection was designed between the conductive tracks and flexible sensors; detachable connection was achieved by the helical structure of conductive yarns wrapping around the rigid component electrode encapsulated within elastomeric layer. The developed FCB, with its connections to flexible sensors or rigid components, is porous, flexible, and capable of stretching to 30% strain. The woven FCB with permanent connection to temperature sensors has a large fatigue life of more than 10,000 cycles while maintaining constant electrical resistance due to crimped configurations of the conductive track in the elastic fabric substrate and stable contact resistance. A prototype of the FCB assembly, with independent light-emitting diodes electrically linked and mechanically supported by the woven FCB, is also demonstrated for wearable applications.

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Chen, Lijun, Tairan Wang, Yunchu Shen, Fumei Wang, and Chaoyu Chen. "Stretchable Woven Fabric-Based Triboelectric Nanogenerator for Energy Harvesting and Self-Powered Sensing." Nanomaterials 13, no. 5 (February 25, 2023): 863. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano13050863.

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With the triboelectric nanogenerator developing in recent years, it has gradually become a promising alternative to fossil energy and batteries. Its rapid advancements also promote the combination of triboelectric nanogenerators and textiles. However, the limited stretchability of fabric-based triboelectric nanogenerators hindered their development in wearable electronic devices. Here, in combination with the polyamide (PA) conductive yarn, polyester multifilament, and polyurethane yarn, a highly stretchable woven fabric-based triboelectric nanogenerator (SWF-TENG) with the three elementary weaves is developed. Different from the normal woven fabric without elasticity, the loom tension of the elastic warp yarn is much larger than non-elastic warp yarn in the weaving process, which results in the high elasticity of the woven fabric coming from the loom. Based on the unique and creative woven method, SWF-TENGs are qualified with excellent stretchability (up to 300%), flexibility, comfortability, and excellent mechanical stability. It also exhibits good sensitivity and fast responsibility to the external tensile strain, which can be used as a bend–stretch sensor to detect and identify human gait. Its collected power under pressure mode is capable of lighting up 34 light-emitting diodes (LEDs) by only hand-tapping the fabric. SWF-TENG can be mass-manufactured by using the weaving machine, which decreases fabricating costs and accelerates industrialization. Based on these merits, this work provides a promising direction toward stretchable fabric-based TENGs with wide applications in wearable electronics, including energy harvesting and self-powered sensing.

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Prontera, Carmela Tania, Marco Pugliese, Fabrizio Mariano, Daniela Taurino, Roberto Giannuzzi, Vitantonio Primiceri, Marco Esposito, Antonio Andretta, Giuseppe Gigli, and Vincenzo Maiorano. "OLEDs on Down-Converting Fabric by Using a High Scalable Planarization Process and a Transparent Polymeric Electrode." Textiles 4, no. 1 (February 15, 2024): 91–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/textiles4010007.

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Textile-based electronics represents a key technology for the development of wearable devices. Light-emitting textiles based on OLED architecture are particularly promising due to their intrinsic flexibility and possibility to be fabricated on large areas using scalable processes. Fabric planarization is one of the most critical issues in their fabrication. Here we report a fast, simple, and industrially scalable planarization method based on the transfer of surface morphological properties from silicon to fabric. A liquid resin is used as a planarization layer, and by exploiting the low roughness of a ‘guide substrate’ it is possible to replicate the smooth and uniform surface from the silicon to the planarization layer. The result is a fabric with a flat and homogeneous polymer layer on its surface, suitable for OLED fabrication. In particular, the effect of resin viscosity on the surface morphology was evaluated to obtain the best planarization layer. The best device shows high luminance and current efficiency values, even after 1000 bending cycles. We also explored the possibility of tuning the color emitted by the device by using a fluorescent fabric as a down-converting layer. Thanks to this approach, it is in principle possible to achieve white emission from a very simple device architecture.

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Kurskaya, O. G., K. A. Sharshov, M. V. Solomatina, M. I. Voevoda, A. M. Shestopalov, G. A. Meerovich, and M. G. Strakhovskaya. "Photodynamic inactivation of SARS-CoV-2 on inanimate surfaces." Laser Physics Letters 19, no. 11 (October 6, 2022): 115601. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1612-202x/ac9598.

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Abstract Since coronaviruses can remain infectious on different inanimate surfaces for several hours or even days, the possibility of indirect fomite transmission through infected objects and surfaces cannot be ruled out. We describe a method for the photodynamic disinfection of inanimate surfaces infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, Omicron variant strain. Application of only 5 µM photosensitizer octakis(cholinyl)zinc phthalocyanine followed immediately by 7 min irradiation with light emitting diode (LED) light 692 nm (12.5 mW cm−2) results in complete inactivation of the virus on polystyrene and glass surfaces, while 10 min irradiation lead to complete eradication of the virus also on Al-foil and medical mask fabric. A photodynamic technique is being considered to combat the spread of coronaviruses.

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Takamatsu, Seiichi, Takahiro Yamashita, and Toshihiro Itoh. "Development of Extremely Large Area Light-emitting-diode-embedded Fabric and Investigation of Its Mechanical Properties." Sensors and Materials 33, no. 3 (March 24, 2021): 1103. http://dx.doi.org/10.18494/sam.2021.2951.

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23

Lim, Young-Woo, O. Eun Kwon, Seung-Mo Kang, Hyunsu Cho, Jonghee Lee, Young-Sam Park, Nam Sung Cho, et al. "Built-In Haze Glass-Fabric Reinforced Siloxane Hybrid Film for Efficient Organic Light-Emitting Diodes (OLEDs)." Advanced Functional Materials 28, no. 33 (June 22, 2018): 1802944. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/adfm.201802944.

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24

Vicentini, C., O. Carpentier, J. B. Tylcz, L. Mortier, N. Betrouni, and S. Mordon. "Treatment of a vulvar Paget disease by photodynamic therapy with a new light emitting fabric based device." Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy 17 (March 2017): A64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pdpdt.2017.01.145.

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Vicentini, Claire, Olivier Carpentier, Fabienne Lecomte, Elise Thecua, Laurent Mortier, and Serge R. Mordon. "Treatment of a vulvar Paget's disease by photodynamic therapy with a new light emitting fabric based device." Lasers in Surgery and Medicine 49, no. 2 (January 19, 2017): 177–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/lsm.22631.

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Assadi, Amin Aymen. "Efficient Photocatalytic Luminous Textile for Simulated Real Water Purification: Advancing Economical and Compact Reactors." Materials 17, no. 2 (January 7, 2024): 296. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma17020296.

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The growing worldwide problem of wastewater management needs sustainable methods for conserving water supplies while addressing environmental and economic considerations. With the depletion of freshwater supplies, wastewater treatment has become critical. An effective solution is needed to efficiently treat the organic contaminants departing from wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). Photocatalysis appears to be a viable method for eliminating these recalcitrant micropollutants. This study is focused on the degradation of Reactive Black 5 (RB5), a typical contaminant from textile waste, using a photocatalytic method. Titanium dioxide (TiO2) was deposited on a novel luminous fabric and illuminated using a light-emitting diode (LED). The pollutant degrading efficiency was evaluated for two different light sources: (i) a UV lamp as an external light source and (ii) a cold LED. Interestingly, the LED UV source design showed more promising results after thorough testing at various light levels. In fact, we note a 50% increase in mineralization rate when we triple the number of luminous tissues in the same volume of reactor, which showed a clear improvement with an increase in compactness.

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Kumar, Anish, and Thangadurai N. "Laser Based Real Time Antenna Pointing Measurement System." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 3.12 (July 20, 2018): 28. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i3.12.15857.

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The antenna pointing system is very important to obtain an optimum received signal level. To achieve it, presenting the implication of laser beam radiated emission requirements and how they state for pointing measurement system, its impact on design, verification and testing for the antenna pointing system. The antenna pointing system is developed by using array of linear light sensors, crosshair laser weapon, where the light sensors are mounted on the board and laser weapon putted on the antenna mechanism. On the rotator system, composed by using 2 gears and 2 DC motors with customized frames. For collecting the sensors data using ProASIC3 FPGA fabric and finding the numbers and which sensors has been active during the emitting period and 32-bit ARM Cortex-M3 processor take account into the pointing measurement system to computing the pointing and pointing error. At the end, the final step is building a User Graphical Interface on PC to show the output of the antenna pointing.

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Wang, Shao Wei, Yi Zhang, and Hua Wu Liu. "Wear Comfort Evaluation of Pearl-Cellulose Fabrics." Advanced Materials Research 175-176 (January 2011): 480–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.175-176.480.

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Pearl-cellulose fiber is a regenerated cellulose fiber, made by spinning cellulose liquid .mixed with ultra-fine pearl powder. This novel fiber inherits not only the elegant appearance of pearl, but also the comfort of the cellulose. In addition, the fabrics made from pearl-cellulose fibers are ultraviolet rays protective and far-infrared emitting. The key quality properties of a cylindrical knitwear, made from14.8 tex yarn blended with pearl and spandex, was tested to illustrate performance of pear and spandex blended textiles. The cylindrical knitwear exhibited excellent elasticity with 46.5% of radial elastic recovery rate and 50.3% of longitudinal elastic recovery rate; 43.5% of radial elastic deformation rate and 54.8% of longitudinal elastic deformation rate; 81.3% of radial elongation rate and 110% of longitudinal elongation rate. The moisture regain of the knitwear was 10.4%, which indicated a good moisture absorption. The ultraviolet light transmittance of two-band UVB and UVA was 2%. The UPF of the two bands of ultraviolet radiation protection was 50, which means that the knitwear offers an outstanding UV protection to customers. At room temperature 25oC, the normal emissivity of this fabric in 8-14μm spectral regions was 90%. An evident far-infrared emission was observed.

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Abbasi, Rasha, Markus Ackermann, Jenni Adams, Nakul Aggarwal, Juanan Aguilar, Markus Ahlers, Maryon Ahrens, et al. "In situ estimation of ice crystal properties at the South Pole using LED calibration data from the IceCube Neutrino Observatory." Cryosphere 18, no. 1 (January 4, 2024): 75–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/tc-18-75-2024.

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Abstract. The IceCube Neutrino Observatory instruments about 1 km3 of deep, glacial ice at the geographic South Pole. It uses 5160 photomultipliers to detect Cherenkov light emitted by charged relativistic particles. An unexpected light propagation effect observed by the experiment is an anisotropic attenuation, which is aligned with the local flow direction of the ice. We examine birefringent light propagation through the polycrystalline ice microstructure as a possible explanation for this effect. The predictions of a first-principles model developed for this purpose, in particular curved light trajectories resulting from asymmetric diffusion, provide a qualitatively good match to the main features of the data. This in turn allows us to deduce ice crystal properties. Since the wavelength of the detected light is short compared to the crystal size, these crystal properties include not only the crystal orientation fabric, but also the average crystal size and shape, as a function of depth. By adding small empirical corrections to this first-principles model, a quantitatively accurate description of the optical properties of the IceCube glacial ice is obtained. In this paper, we present the experimental signature of ice optical anisotropy observed in IceCube light-emitting diode (LED) calibration data, the theory and parameterization of the birefringence effect, the fitting procedures of these parameterizations to experimental data, and the inferred crystal properties.

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Sohn, Sunyoung, Seongju Kim, Jae Won Shim, Sang Kooun Jung, and Sungjune Jung. "Printed Organic Light-Emitting Diodes on Fabric with Roll-to-Roll Sputtered ITO Anode and Poly(vinyl alcohol) Planarization Layer." ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces 13, no. 24 (June 9, 2021): 28521–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acsami.1c02681.

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Thécua, Elise, Laurine Ziane, Guillaume Paul Grolez, Alexandre Fagart, Abhishek Kumar, Bertrand Leroux, Gregory Baert, et al. "A Warp-Knitted Light-Emitting Fabric-Based Device for In Vitro Photodynamic Therapy: Description, Characterization, and Application on Human Cancer Cell Lines." Cancers 13, no. 16 (August 15, 2021): 4109. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers13164109.

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Photodynamic therapy (PDT) appears to be a promising strategy in biomedical applications. However, the complexity of its parameters prevents wide acceptance. This work presents and characterizes a novel optical device based on knitted light-emitting fabrics and dedicated to in vitro PDT involving low irradiance over a long illumination period. Technical characterization of this device, called CELL-LEF, is performed. A cytotoxic study of 5-ALA-mediated PDT on human cancer cell lines is provided as a proof of concept. The target of delivering an irradiance of 1 mW/cm2 over 750 cm2 is achieved (mean: 0.99 mW/cm2; standard deviation: 0.13 mW/cm2). The device can maintain a stable temperature with the mean thermal distribution of 35.1 °C (min: 30.7 °C; max: 38.4 °C). In vitro outcomes show that 5-ALA PDT using CELL-LEF consistently and effectively induced a decrease in tumor cell viability: Almost all the HepG2 cells died after 80 min of illumination, while less than 60% of U87 cell viability remained. CELL-LEF is suitable for in vitro PDT involving low irradiance over a long illumination period.

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Ortí, Enrique, and Henk J. Bolink. "Light-emitting fabrics." Nature Photonics 9, no. 4 (March 23, 2015): 211–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nphoton.2015.53.

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Iyer, Sweta Narayanan, Nemeshwaree Behary, Vincent Nierstrasz, and Jinping Guan. "Glow-in-the-Dark Patterned PET Nonwoven Using Air-Atmospheric Plasma Treatment and Vitamin B2-Derivative (FMN)." Sensors 20, no. 23 (November 28, 2020): 6816. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20236816.

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Flavin mononucleotide (FMN) derived from Vitamin B2, a bio-based fluorescent water-soluble molecule with visible yellow-green fluorescence, has been used in the scope of producing photoluminescent and glow-in-the-dark patterned polyester (PET) nonwoven panels. Since the FMN molecule cannot diffuse inside the PET fiber, screen printing, coating, and padding methods were used in an attempt to immobilize FMN molecules at the PET fiber surface of a nonwoven, using various biopolymers such as gelatin and sodium alginate as well as a water-based commercial polyacrylate. In parallel, air atmospheric plasma activation of PET nonwoven was carried for improved spreading and adhesion of FMN bearing biopolymer/polymer mixture. Effectively, the plasma treatment yielded a more hydrophilic PET nonwoven, reduction in wettability, and surface roughness of the plasma treated fiber with reduced water contact angle and increased capillary uptake were observed. The standard techniques of morphological properties were explored by a scanning electron microscope (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). Films combining each biopolymer and FMN were formed on PS (polystyrene) Petri-dishes. However, only the gelatin and polyacrylate allowed the yellow-green fluorescence of FMN molecule to be maintained on the film and PET fabric (seen under ultraviolet (UV) light). No yellow-green fluorescence of FMN was observed with sodium alginate. Thus, when the plasma-activated PET was coated with the gelatin mixture or polyacrylate bearing FMN, the intense photoluminescent yellow-green glowing polyester nonwoven panel was obtained in the presence of UV light (370 nm). Screen printing of FMN using a gelatin mixture was possible. The biopolymer exhibited appropriate viscosity and rheological behavior, thus creating a glow-in-the-dark pattern on the polyester nonwoven, with the possibility of one expression in daylight and another in darkness (in presence of UV light). A bio-based natural product such as FMN is potentially an interesting photoluminescent molecule with which textile surface pattern designers may create light-emitting textiles and interesting aesthetic expressions.

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Kojovic, Aleksandar, Irena Zivkovic, Ljiljana Brajovic, Dragan Mitrakovic, and Radoslav Aleksic. "Damage detection in laminar thermoplastic composite materials by means of embedded optical fibers." Chemical Industry 60, no. 7-8 (2006): 176–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/hemind0608176k.

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This paper investigates the possibility of applying optical fibers as sensors for investigating low energy impact damage in laminar thermoplastic composite materials, in real time. Impact toughness testing by a Charpy impact pendulum with different loads was conducted in order to determine the method for comparative measurement of the resulting damage in the material. For that purpose intensity-based optical fibers were built in to specimens of composite materials with Kevlar 129 (the DuPont registered trade-mark for poly(p-phenylene terephthalamide)) woven fabric as reinforcement and thermoplastic PVB (poly(vinyl butyral)) as the matrix. In some specimens part of the layers of Kevlar was replaced with metal mesh (50% or 33% of the layers). Experimental testing was conducted in order to observe and analyze the response of the material under multiple low-energy impacts. Light from the light-emitting diode (LED) was launched to the embedded optical fiber and was propagated to the phototransistor-based photo detector. During each impact, the signal level, which is proportional to the light intensity in the optical fiber, drops and then slowly recovers. The obtained signals were analyzed to determine the appropriate method for real time damage monitoring. The major part of the damage occurs during impact. The damage reflects as a local, temporary release of strain in the optical fiber and an increase of the signal level. The obtained results show that intensity-based optical fibers could be used for measuring the damage in laminar thermoplastic composite materials. The acquired optical fiber signals depend on the type of material, but the same set of rules (relatively different, depending on the type of material) could be specified. Using real time measurement of the signal during impact and appropriate analysis enables quantitative evaluation of the impact damage in the material. Existing methods in most cases use just the intensity of the signal before and after the impact, as the measure of damage. This method could be used to monitor the damage in real time, giving warnings before fatal damage occurs.

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Oatley, Giles, Tanveer Choudhury, and Paul Buckman. "Smart Textiles for Improved Quality of Life and Cognitive Assessment." Sensors 21, no. 23 (November 30, 2021): 8008. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21238008.

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Smart textiles can be used as innovative solutions to amuse, meaningfully engage, comfort, entertain, stimulate, and to overall improve the quality of life for people living in care homes with dementia or its precursor mild cognitive impairment (MCI). This concept paper presents a smart textile prototype to both entertain and monitor/assess the behavior of the relevant clients. The prototype includes physical computing components for music playing and simple interaction, but additionally games and data logging systems, to determine baselines of activity and interaction. Using microelectronics, light-emitting diodes (LEDs) and capacitive touch sensors woven into a fabric, the study demonstrates the kinds of augmentations possible over the normal manipulation of the traditional non-smart activity apron by incorporating light and sound effects as feedback when patients interact with different regions of the textile. A data logging system will record the patient’s behavioral patterns. This would include the location, frequency, and time of the patient’s activities within the different textile areas. The textile will be placed across the laps of the resident, which they then play with, permitting the development of a behavioral profile through the gamification of cognitive tests. This concept paper outlines the development of a prototype sensor system and highlights the challenges related to its use in a care home setting. The research implements a wide range of functionality through a novel architecture involving loosely coupling and concentrating artifacts on the top layer and technology on the bottom layer. Components in a loosely coupled system can be replaced with alternative implementations that provide the same services, and so this gives the solution the best flexibility. The literature shows that existing architectures that are strongly coupled result in difficulties modeling different individuals without incurring significant costs.

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Vignion-Dewalle, Anne-Sophie, Henry Abi Rached, Elise Thecua, Fabienne Lecomte, Pascal Deleporte, Hélène Béhal, Theresa Hommel, et al. "A New Light-Emitting, Fabric-Based Device for Photodynamic Therapy of Actinic Keratosis: Protocol for a Randomized, Controlled, Multicenter, Intra-Individual, Phase II Noninferiority Study (the Phosistos Study)." JMIR Research Protocols 8, no. 4 (April 26, 2019): e12990. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/12990.

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Feng, XF, W. Xu, QY Han, and SD Zhang. "Colour-enhanced light emitting diode light with high gamut area for retail lighting." Lighting Research & Technology 49, no. 3 (October 19, 2015): 329–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1477153515610621.

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Light emitting diodes with high colour quality were investigated to enhance colour appearance and improve observers' preference for the illuminated objects. The spectral power distributions of the light emitting diodes were optimised by changing the ratios of the narrow band red, green and blue light emitting diodes, and the phosphor-converted broad-band light emitting diode to get the desired colour rendering index and high gamut area index. The influence of the light emitting diode light on different coloured fabrics was investigated. The experimental results and the statistical analysis show that by optimising the red, green, blue components the light emitting diode light can affect the colour appearance of the illuminated fabrics positively and make the fabrics appear more vivid and saturated due to the high gamut area index. Observers indicate a high preference for the colours whose saturations are enhanced. The results reveal that the colour-enhanced light emitting diode light source can better highlight products and improve visual impression over the ceramic metal halide lamp and the phosphor-converted light emitting diode light source.

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Lee, Halim, Eunjin Cho, Tomas Webbe Kerekes, Seung Lee Kwon, Gun Jin Yun, and Jooyoun Kim. "Water-Resistant Mechanoluminescent Electrospun Fabrics with Protected Sensitivity in Wet Condition via Plasma-Enhanced Chemical Vapor Deposition Process." Polymers 12, no. 8 (July 31, 2020): 1720. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym12081720.

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Mechanoluminescence (ML), which emits light upon external mechanical stress, was applied to fibrous composites. Herein, ML particles were incorporated into poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) and polyacrylonitrile (PAN) electrospun webs to prepare ML/PVDF and ML/PAN composite fabrics. The produced fabrics were treated with O2 and C4F8 plasma to modify the wetting properties, then the effects of composite wettability on the light-emitting response in dry and wet conditions were investigated. The light intensity was greatly decreased when the composite fabrics absorbed water. When the composites were hydrophobized by the C4F8 plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition process, the original light intensity was protected in wet conditions, while maintaining the water vapor transmission rate. As the clothing material would be exposed to moisture in varied situations, the reduced ML sensitivity in wet conditions may limit the application of ML composite fabrics. The findings suggest a facile strategy to fabricate moisture-resistant, breathable mechanoluminescence composite fabrics.

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Aragon, Alexander G., Jaime A. Cárdenas Sánchez, Carlos Zimeri, Eunkyoung Shim, Xiaomeng Fang, and Kyana R. L. Young. "TiO2-Coated Meltblown Nonwoven Fabrics Prepared via Atomic Layer Deposition for the Inactivation of E. coli as a Model Photocatalytic Drinking Water Treatment System." Environments 11, no. 5 (April 30, 2024): 92. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/environments11050092.

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The controlled manufacturing of semiconductor photocatalysts is crucial to their development for drinking water treatment. In this study, TiO2-coated meltblown nonwoven fabrics prepared via Atomic Layer Deposition (ALD) are applied for the inactivation of Escherichia coli (E. coli). It is observed that in the presence of an ultraviolet light-emitting diode (UV-LED) light source (255 nm), 1.35 log E. coli inactivation is achieved. However, exposure to catalyst-coated fabrics in addition to the light source resulted in >4 log E. coli inactivation, suggesting a much higher rate of hydroxyl radical formation on the surface, leading to cell death.

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Pangul, Chaitali N., Shyamkant W. Anwane, and Subhash B. Kondawar. "Samarium doped ZnO nanofibers for designing orange - red light emitting fabrics." Materials Today: Proceedings 15 (2019): 464–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2019.04.108.

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Vicentini, C., A. S. Vignion‐Dewalle, E. Thecua, F. Lecomte, C. Maire, P. Deleporte, H. Béhal, et al. "Photodynamic therapy for actinic keratosis of the forehead and scalp: a randomized, controlled, phaseIIclinical study evaluating the noninferiority of a new protocol involving irradiation with a light‐emitting, fabric‐based device (the Flexitheralight protocol) compared with the conventional protocol involving irradiation with the AktiliteCL128 lamp." British Journal of Dermatology 180, no. 4 (January 18, 2019): 765–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/bjd.17350.

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Hong, Kihyon, Kyung Gook Cho, Dong Chan Lim, Joo Yul Lee, and Keun Hyung Lee. "Light emitting fabrics based on luminophore dye-doped ion gel electrolyte microfibers." Dyes and Pigments 154 (July 2018): 188–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.dyepig.2018.02.052.

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Huang, Yi, Guangdong Sun, Yating Ji, Dapeng Li, Qinguo Fan, and Jianzhong Shao. "Optimization and evaluation of a blue light photoinitiating system for textile inkjet printing." Textile Research Journal 89, no. 10 (June 22, 2018): 1964–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0040517518783346.

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A blue light curing process was developed to solve the nozzle clogging challenge commonly encountered in conventional textile pigment printing, by using camphorquinone (CQ) and ethyl-4-dimethylaminobenzoate (EDMAB) as a photoinitiator combination and substituting oligomers and monomers for a polymeric binder. High light absorption efficiency was insured by closely matching the spectrum of the photoinitiator with a custom-made blue light light-emitting diode set-up. Kinetic analyses of such a CQ/EDMAB system indicated that the maximum polymerization rate of the monomer was proportional to [PI]0.5 and [I0]0.5, while excessive high photoinitiator concentration (>1 wt%) will decrease the polymerization rate because of the “filter effect.” With optimized blue light curable pigment ink formula and irradiation conditions, the photocurable pigment printed fabrics exhibited uniform and vibrant colors, clear outlines, and excellent wet and dry rubbing fastness of grades 4 and 4–5, respectively.

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Hafez, Nashwa Mostafa, Shereen Sayed Mohamed, and Bassant Sherif Abd Elaziz Mustafa. "Effects of Integrating Light Emitting Diode (LED) on Different Fabrics Properties Used for Fashion Design." مجلة التصميم الدولية 7, no. 4 (October 2017): 393–408. http://dx.doi.org/10.12816/0044505.

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Shen, Jing, Xiaoming Tao, Diqing Ying, Chiyuan Hui, and Guangfeng Wang. "Light-emitting fabrics integrated with structured polymer optical fibers treated with an infrared CO2 laser." Textile Research Journal 83, no. 7 (October 26, 2012): 730–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0040517512464299.

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Wu, Yunyun, Sara S. Mechael, Cecilia Lerma, R. Stephen Carmichael, and Tricia Breen Carmichael. "Stretchable Ultrasheer Fabrics as Semitransparent Electrodes for Wearable Light-Emitting e-Textiles with Changeable Display Patterns." Matter 2, no. 4 (April 2020): 882–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.matt.2020.01.017.

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Faccani, Lara, Simona Ortelli, Magda Blosi, and Anna Luisa Costa. "Ceramized Fabrics and Their Integration in a Semi-Pilot Plant for the Photodegradation of Water Pollutants." Catalysts 11, no. 11 (November 22, 2021): 1418. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal11111418.

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The use of nano-photocatalysts for the water/wastewater purifications, particularly in developing regions, offers promising advantages over conventional technologies. TiO2-based photocatalysts deposited on fabrics represent an efficient solution for obtaining heterogeneous photocatalysts, which are easily adaptable in the already installed water treatment plants or air purification systems. Despite the huge effort spent to develop and characterize novel nano-photocatalysts, which are especially active under solar light, knowledge gaps still persist for their full-scale application, starting from the reactor design and scale-up and the evaluation of the photocatalytic efficiency in pre-pilot scenarios. In this study, we offered easily scalable solutions for adapting TiO2-based photocatalysts, which are deposited on different kinds of fabrics and implemented in a 6 L semi-pilot plant, using the photodegradation of Rhodamine B (RhB) as a model of water pollution. We took advantage of a multi-variable optimization approach to identify the best design options in terms of photodegradation efficiency and turnover frequency (TOF). Surprisingly, in the condition of use, the irradiation with a light-emitting diode (LED) visible lamp appeared as a valid alternative to the use of UV LED. The identification of the best design options in the semi-pilot plant allowed scaling up the technology in a 100 L pilot plant suitable for the treatment of industrial wastewater.

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Yang, Jingjing, Zhaofei Mao, Ruiping Zheng, Hao Liu, and Lei Shi. "Solution-Blown Aligned Nanofiber Yarn and Its Application in Yarn-Shaped Supercapacitor." Materials 13, no. 17 (August 26, 2020): 3778. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13173778.

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Yarn-shaped supercapacitors with great flexibility are highly anticipated for smart wearable devices. Herein, a device for continuously producing oriented nanofiber yarn based on solution blowing was invented, which was important for the nanofiber yarn electrode to realize mass production. Further, the yarn-shaped supercapacitor was assembled by the yarn electrode with the polypyrrole (PPy) grown on aligned carbon fiber bundles@Polyacrylonitrile nanofibers (CFs@PAN NFs). Electrical conductivity and mechanical properties of the yarn electrode can be improved by the carbon fiber bundles. The specific surface area of the yarn electrode can be enlarged by PPy. The yarn-shaped supercapacitors assembled by the PVA/LiCl/H3PO4 gel electrolyte showed high areal specific capacitance of 353 mF cm−2 at a current density of 0.1 A g−1, and the energy density was 48 μWh cm−2 when the power density was 247 μW cm−2. The supercapacitors also exhibited terrific cycle stability (82% after 20,000 cycles). We also proved that this yarn-shaped supercapacitor could easily power up the light emitting diode. This yarn-shaped supercapacitor was meaningful for the development of the smart wearable devices, especially when combined with clothing or fabrics.

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Han, Hye Ree. "Hybrid Fiber Materials According to the Manufacturing Technology Methods and IOT Materials: A Systematic Review." Materials 16, no. 4 (February 5, 2023): 1351. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma16041351.

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With the development of convergence technology, the Internet of Things (IoT), and artificial intelligence (AI), there has been increasing interest in the materials industry. In recent years, numerous studies have attempted to identify and explore multi-functional cutting-edge hybrid materials. In this paper, the international literature on the materials used in hybrid fibers and manufacturing technologies were investigated and their future utilization in the industry is predicted. Furthermore, a systematic review is also conducted. This includes sputtering, electrospun nanofibers, 3D (three-dimensional) printing, shape memory, and conductive materials. Sputtering technology is an eco-friendly, intelligent material that does not use water and can be applied as an advantageous military stealth material and electromagnetic blocking material, etc. Electrospinning can be applied to breathable fabrics, toxic chemical resistance, fibrous drug delivery systems, and nanoliposomes, etc. 3D printing can be used in various fields, such as core-sheath fibers and artificial organs, etc. Conductive materials include metal nanowires, polypyrrole, polyaniline, and CNT (Carbon Nano Tube), and can be used in actuators and light-emitting devices. When shape-memory materials deform into a temporary shape, they can return to their original shape in response to external stimuli. This study attempted to examine in-depth hybrid fiber materials and manufacturing technologies.

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Lecomte, Fabienne, Elise Thecua, Laurine Ziane, Pascal Deleporte, Alain Duhamel, Cyril Maire, Delphine Staumont-Salle, Serge Mordon, and Laurent Mortier. "Photodynamic Therapy Using a New Painless Light-Emitting Fabrics Device in the Treatment of Extramammary Paget Disease of the Vulva (the PAGETEX Study): Protocol for an Interventional Efficacy and Safety Trial." JMIR Research Protocols 8, no. 12 (December 3, 2019): e15026. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/15026.

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Background Extramammary Paget disease of the vulva (EMPV) is a rare skin disorder commonly seen in postmenopausal Caucasian females that appears clinically as red, eczematous, pruriginous, and sometimes painful lesions. Although most cases are noninvasive, EMPV may be associated with an underlying or distant adenocarcinoma. EMPV has a chronic and relapsing course. The reference treatment is based on local surgical excision with negative margins. However, disease frequently extends far from the visible lesion, and surgical margins are frequently positive. Topical photodynamic therapy (PDT) is an established treatment modality for various dermatooncologic conditions. For example, red light irradiation with the Aktilite CL 128 and Metvixia (Galderma SA) as a photosensitizing molecule is a conventional protocol approved and widely used in Europe for PDT treatment of actinic keratosis, but this treatment is not yet widely used for EMPV because it has never clearly been demonstrated and is very painful. Objective The aim of the study is to investigate the efficacy and safety relating to the medical device PAGETEX as a new painless PDT device using Metvixia in the treatment of vulvar Paget disease. The primary end point is the disease control rate at 3 months in 30% of the patients included, defined as stability, partial response, or total response, considering the extent of the lesion. Secondary end points are the disease control rate at 6 months, patient quality of life, level of pain experienced by the patient at each PDT session, severity of erythema, presence of protoporphyrin IX in Paget cells after each PDT session, and overall satisfaction level of the patient. Methods The trial is an interventional, exploratory, simple group, nonrandomized, and single center (Lille University Hospital) study. Twenty-four patients will be included according to Simon’s optimal plan. Therapeutic procedure is based on a cycle of two PDT sessions with the PAGETEX medical device at 15-day intervals (Metvixia incubation during 30 minutes and 635 nm red light illumination with a low irradiance for 2 hours and 30 minutes for a total fluence of 12 J/cm²). At the assessment session, 3 months after inclusion, if the control of the disease is partial or null, the patient will complete another cycle of two PDT sessions. A final evaluation will be performed in all patients at 6 months. Analyses will be performed using SAS version 9.4 software (SAS Institute Inc). The characteristics of the patients at baseline will be described; qualitative variables will be described by numbers and percentages, and quantitative variables will be described either by the mean and standard deviation for Gaussian distribution or by the median and interquartile range (ie, 25th and 75th percentiles). The normality of the distributions will be tested by a Shapiro-Wilk test and checked graphically by histograms. Results First patient was included in September 2019 and clinical investigations are planned until August 2022. The final results of this study are expected to be available in January 2023. Conclusions This clinical trial aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of a new PDT protocol for the treatment of EMPV. The PAGETEX device could become the treatment of choice if it is effective, painless, and easy to implement and use in hospitals. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03713203; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03713203 International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID) PRR1-10.2196/15026

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