Дисертації з теми "Lies de vin"
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Poulain, Benjamin. "Valorisation des lies de vin blanc : Extraction de composés antioxydants d’intérêt œnologique par procédés éco-responsables." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Bordeaux, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024BORD0317.
Повний текст джерелаEach year, the wine industry produces significant volumes of by-products, including wine lees, which account for 2 to 6% of the total volume of wine produced. These by-products are mainly valorized through ethanol distillation and tartaric acid extraction. Over the past decade, the increasing interest in by-product valorization has led to numerous studies on the extraction of polyphenolic compounds from red wine lees. However, although white wine lees are well-recognized for their antioxidant potential during aging of white wines, they have received less attention due to their low polyphenol content, and this potential remains largely underexploited. Therefore, the objective of this study is to propose an eco-sustainable approach to valorizing white wine lees. Specifically, this project aimed to develop and optimize extraction and fractionation processes of white wine lees, guided by their antioxidant capacity.Initially, the influence of various drying processes on the preservation of the antioxidant activity of the lees was studied. To achieve this, different lees matrices were collected and analyzed to assess the variability in their composition depending on their winemaking origin. Then, sustainable extraction methods, such as supercritical CO₂ extraction and subcritical water extraction, were compared with conventional solvents. The extracts with the highest antioxidant capacity were obtained by subcritical water extraction. This process was selected and optimized using response surface methodology to determine the optimal operating conditions for maximizing the antioxidant activity of the extracts.In the context of oenological research focused on alternatives to sulfur dioxide (SO₂), the impact of the lees extracts on preventing wine oxidation was investigated. The extracts demonstrated antioxidant properties in wine, comparable to those of commercial products such as yeast derivatives. However, their antioxidant effectiveness remained lower to that of SO₂. Furthermore, their use could impact the sensory properties of the wine and its overall quality.In order to propose extracts that are more neutral in terms of sensory impact, a fractionation study using ultrafiltration was conducted. To evaluate the impact of membrane process performance, ultrafiltration membranes with different molecular weight cut-offs and with various operational conditions were studied to concentrate the antioxidant fraction of the extracts. This process allowed the antioxidant capacity to be concentrated by a factor of 1.5. Additionally, the fractionation results revealed that the antioxidant fraction of the extracts, correlated with the nitrogen and lipid content of the lees, consists of molecules with molecular weights ranging between 10-1 kDa.The combination of these processes, without the use of organic solvents, allows for the efficient extraction and concentration of high-value compounds from white wine lees. This study thus contributes to improving the economic and environmental sustainability of managing these residues, while also opening up perspectives for other extraction applications within distilleries
Fornairon-Bonnefond, Caroline. "Réactivité post-fermentaire de saccharomyces cerevisiae vis-à-vis de l'oxygène en conditions oenologiques : application à l'élevage de vins sur lies." Montpellier 2, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000MON20169.
Повний текст джерелаMalfondet, Nicolas. "La typicité d'une eau de vie de cognac : itinéraire technologique et lien au terroir." Thesis, Dijon, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015DIJOS070.
Повний текст джерелаCognac spirits are made from the distillation of white wine, growing in a region delimitated into cru areas. According to the cru of origin of their wine, spirits are assumed to be typical, in a sensorial way. Then, physico-chemical and sensorial analysis were carried out in parallel in order to search for this supposed typicality of cru, in freshly distilled spirits such as in spirits after aging in oak barrels. A work of filiation of impact compounds in the wines was also done. No cru-specific compound was found and differences to put in evidence are thin. The cru effect was apparent only with selective sampling and specific methodology. Actually, several factors, such as distillation, are able to modify the aromatic composition of spirits so their sensorial perception, and seem higher to the cru effect and could masked its typicality. Moreover, the cru typicality seems to evolve over the time, between wine, freshly distilled and aged spirits. To conclude, the cru effect seems weak compared to other factors. It may be caused by various possible mixes, of the same molecules found in all samples. It would be due to an aromatic equilibrium between the concentrations of these molecules, which allows the sensorial typicality of samples to be expressed, according to their cru of origin
Poitou, Xavier. "Contribution à la connaissance aromatique des vins rouges : Approche sensorielle et moléculaire des nuances « végétales, vertes » en lien avec leur origine." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016BORD0407/document.
Повний текст джерелаThe green aromas family includes in red wines a large diversity of nuances. First, this study revealed that these nuances are not directly related to known compounds (e.g. 2-méthoxy-3-alkylpyrazines, C6 alcohols). After a sensory definition, the molecular determinants of these aroma nuances were investigated based on fractionation strategies including HPLC and vacuum distillation then MDGC-O-MS. A first source of nuances associated with grapes ripeness was developed. The presence of 1,8-cineole (eucalyptol) with a varietal origin was evidenced in Cabernet Sauvignon wines. The ability of a grape variety to produce significant amounts (Fer Servadou) and an exogenous origin associated with the presence of Artemisia species in vineyards (Artemisia verlotiorum) were also highlighted. Another origin, related to the pressing of grape marc was then considered. This study shown the connection between the aromatic category of press wines and the green aromas. Furthermore, it revealed the presence of odoriferous molecules including (Z)-4-heptenol, with a sensory contribution, associated to the increase of pressure in the press tank, but not for the majority of C6 alcohols. It also suggested the involvement of several carbonyl compounds in the characteristic odor of press wines. The influence of technological parameters (without oxygen, pressure, SO2, malolactic fermentation) was also specified. Finally, this study revealed the presence of methyl salicylate as a plant defense marker against several fungal diseases (downy mildew, black rot, esca) and as a contributor to fresh green aromas of certain red wines
Pacht, Irma. "Les liens d'amitié dans la société contemporaine." Paris 5, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA05H012.
Повний текст джерелаThis thesis studies friendship relations and relate their transformation to the characteristics ofthe contemporary individual. This individual values autonomy and hence elective choices ; his/her identity is multifaceted and s/he lives in an increasingly insecure environment. We first show that friendship is valued inasmuch as it is an elective choice and is shaped by strong social norms. Second, the multifaceted identity leads to the decline of the model of the unique, unalterable friendship in favour of relationships that involve only part of one’s personal identity, sometimes only in a temporary fashion. Aside from actual friendships, a friendly feeling tends to be attached, albeit possibly in a very light form, to any interpersonal relationship. Representations evolved more slowly than actual practices. Finally, friends contribute to one’s affective security and bring about recognition. However, it is only a palliative for lack ofother social or affective recognition
Reat, Rosine. "Sida : la violence des traumatismes : un travail d'écoute dans un lieu de vie." Grenoble 2, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995GRE29012.
Повний текст джерелаThis study, which is a the clinic approach and psychological analys of "life with hiv", is based on a working experience in a center which receive hiv infected people. The clinic practice and the theoriretic research, lead us to analyse "life with hiv" like a succession of taumatisms. People who are living with hiv experience psychics and physics attacks, narcissistics wounds, unnamables experiences, the feeling of abandonment. The use of the shoah as a metaphor to describe life with hiv, shows how important the suffering is. Traumatic neurosis resulting from the attacks of iliness, cause violence. Psychic suffering, the landmarks's disorders, the attacks of the narcissism, which caracterize the life with hiv, can explain the link between traumatism and violence. First, the violence is a living force which aim is the defence against the suffering, against the psychic death : it has been called the violence of the traumatisms. Second, the violence of the traumatisms reactivates the "fondamental violence". As we notice, that putting into words the traumatisms is a relief, that a containing and esthetic relationship assists the decrease of the violence, we believe that these points should be integrated into the reflections on the psychologic support for the hiv infected patients
Visser, Carla. "Matilda, who told lies and was burned to death : ʼn vergelykende analise van die illustrasie van ʼn vermaan-verhaal." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/71615.
Повний текст джерелаENGLISH ABSTRACT: This study comprises a comparative visual analysis of three picture books, illustrated by Steven Kellogg, Posy Simmonds and Edward Gorey. The illustrators reinterpret the cautionary tale, Matilda, who told lies and was burned to death by Hilaire Belloc (1908). Not only does this study present a brief historical overview of the genre but it also interrogates the manner in which different styles of illustration underscore the pedagogical didactic narrative. The visual interpretations of these three illustrators are compared in order to establish whether or not they have succeeded in sustaining the subversive or grotesque elements of this cautionary tale. Belloc’s narrative as well as the illustrations are analysed in terms of gender. I discuss my own version of Belloc’s cautionary tale as a parody of this tale that serves to exaggerate the sometimes overt gendering of girl characters in cautionary tales.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Hierdie skripsie behels die visuele analise van drie verskillende prenteboeke, onderskeidelik geillustreer deur Steven Kellogg, Posy Simmonds en Edward Gorey. Al drie illustreerders bied ʼn visuele herinterpretasie aan van die vermaan-vers Matilda, who told lies and burned to death deur Hilaire Belloc. Die skripsie bied nie net ʼn geskiedkundige oorsig oor die genre nie, maar ondersoek die manier waarop verskillende illustrasie-style die opvoedkundige, didaktiese narratief onderstreep. Die illustreerders se prenteboeke word vergelyk en daar word vasgestel of hulle daarin geslaag het om die subversiewe en selfs groteske elemente in hierdie vermaan-verhaal te behou. Belloc se narratief en die illustrasie daarvan is ook in terme van gender geanaliseer. Ek bespreek my eie weergawe van Belloc se vermaan-verhaal, wat ek aanbied as ʼn parodie om die soms duidelike “gendering” van meisie-karakters in vermaan-verhale te oordryf.
FLEUREAU, GRIFFON HUGUETTE. "La chambre du malade : hygiene, ergonomie, lieu de vie." Angers, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991ANGE1085.
Повний текст джерелаThibaud, Fannie. "Contribution à la caractérisation des notes aromatiques associées au vieillissement des eaux-de-vie de Cognac : Impact de la distillation avec lies." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019BORD0281.
Повний текст джерелаCognac is a complex and evolving matrix due to its production process. The objective of this research was to progress in the knowledge of the volatile compounds involved in Cognac eaux-de-vie aged in oak casks, focusing in particular on the specificities of eaux-de-vie whose wines were distilled with their lees.After the evaluation of the sensory impact of the distillation with lees in eaux-de-vie of several vintages, the molecular determinants associated to the odor zones of interest were investigated using various fractionation techniques (vacuum distillation, HPLC, mono and bidimensional gas chromatography) coupled to sensory and analytical methods of characterization (olfactometry, mass spectrometry). The coupling of these approaches has brought to highlight odorous zones reminiscent of aging notes such as fresh fruit, cooked fruit, exotic wood, balsamic and spicy. Thus, Cognac aging impact and modality of wine distillation with lees have been studied for multiple chemical families such as fermentative aromas, diethyl acetals and terpenes as well as many other compounds such as 3-methyl-2,4-nonanedione. The olfactory detection thresholds of each compound we determined in order to evaluate their direct sensory impacts within the matrix. In addition, original perceptual interactions phenomenon involving volatile compounds belonging to different chemical families have been highlighted in this work
SALOMON, NICOLE. "Effets indesirables cutanes lies au cotrimoxazole chez les patients seropositifs vis-a-vis du vih et desensibilisation : revue de la litterature, experience du service de medecine interne ii du chu de nice." Nice, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994NICE6529.
Повний текст джерелаSousa, do Carmo Viviani. "Anonymat de vie et de mort : le lien social à l'adolescence." Paris 8, 2011. http://octaviana.fr/document/177615680#?c=0&m=0&s=0&cv=0.
Повний текст джерелаThis thesis seeks to investigate the vicissitudes of the entrance of adolescents into the social realm in large urban centers, where they are immersed in a scenario of social anomie and violence. We are interested in investigating the strategies of adolescent subjectivization in a context where life in the social milieu tends towards a probable, and anonymous, death. How can these adolescents be induced into taking part in the social compact when neither their lives, nor their deaths, are likely to have any positive social value? To conduct this research, we relied on our clinical work with adolescents in school. We conducted, in a public school in São Paulo, conversational groups, whose inspiration we sought from theoretical and clinical psychoanalysis. We will present in this thesis, two case studies built from this conversational work. This thesis is arranged into four chapters. The first will deal with the construction of the adolescent and his entry into the social bond. But above all, it will deal with the difficulties in the context of the social bond, shall we say, an anomic social other. The third chapter of this thesis, brings a strong theoretical digression on the social bond in the works of Freud and Lacan. In Freud’s concept of the superego, we see that the continuation of man in the social compact will be maintained by way of guilt. In Lacan, from the transcendence of the concept of intersubjectivity, the psychoanalyst will outline a theory of social ties, from its mounting discourse. We can say that in Freud the social bond between the men is maintained due to feelings of guilt, while in Lacan, the glue is obedience, the first foundation of the social compact, structured from the speech of the Master. Finally, in the fourth chapter of this thesis , we affirm that something on the order of a short-circuit in the social compact and the emergence of the phenomenon of widespread violence, has been a consequence of a deregulation of the anomic socius. We have entered an era ruled by the discourse of capitalism, which will impose a movement from bonds structured by the triumph of guilt to those (mis)guided by the dominance of enjoyment. We will say that this scenario could be devastating to the adolescent subject, that one shall find some difficulties in the process of a subjetivization. In this context, where life is begun and ends in a death almost always anonymous, violence appears in the speech not only as a teenager given the fact of the quotidian, but as one of the manners in which the youth will find ways to construct his own image towards society. Violence will not only be an act, but form of speech, for a subject that can only be counted by means of an disqualified fiction, a violent history, where the subject is exiled and disappears
Gerner, Matthias. "Le lien entre la logique et la géométrie via les esquisses." Paris 7, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA077141.
Повний текст джерелаStoop-van, Paridon Petronella Wilhelmina Theresia. "Het Lied der Liederen : een filologische analyse van het Hebreeuwse boek /." Leiden : Peeters, 2003. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb39240050b.
Повний текст джерелаImbeau, Patrick, and Rachid Bagaoui. "Lien entre autonomie au travail et gestion de la vie hors travail." Acfas-Sudbury, 2006. https://zone.biblio.laurentian.ca/dspace/handle/10219/70.
Повний текст джерелаGallardo, Chacón Joan Josep. "Modificacions de les Propietats Fisicoquímiques de les "Lies" de Segona Fermentació durant la Criança del Cava." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/35681.
Повний текст джерелаAging on lees after second fermentation is a fundamental stage in the production of some high quality sparkling wines by the traditional method, and it results in an increase in product richness and roundness. During this ageing, lees interact with the wine and undergo important modifications to their structure, due to the self-degradation process known as autolysis. Cell wall biochemical components confer physicochemical surface properties that enable yeasts and lees to interact among them and with other compounds. These interactions are mainly referred to lees sorptive properties toward organic compounds, to the protective effect of lees toward wine oxidation, and to their flocculation capacity. Yeast lees have shown the capacity to interact with wine organic compounds such as volatiles and polyphenols. The sorption capacity of yeast surface seems to be related to both chemical properties of the sorbed substances and cell surface characteristics. These sorptive phenomena are thought to influence the chemical composition of wines during their ageing on lees. The phenomena related with the antioxidant properties of yeast cells is other feature with relevance in wine technology. Lees’ antioxidant properties could be attributed to three main mechanisms: The action of enzymes and biomolecules released during autolysis, the effects of membrane lipids and by means of elements in cell wall (constitutional or retained during aging). Finally, Flocculation capacity is especially important in the production of sparkling wine by the méthode champenoise, in which the yeast cells can only be removed from the bottle by being settled. The flocculation seems to be related with the presence of flocculins (surface proteins), calcium and mannose. Moreover, the behaviour of cells seems strongly conditioned by their cell surface physicochemical properties. The changes in lees wall structure caused by the autolytic process during sparkling wine ageing could induce relevant modifications in the cell surface structure and physicochemical characteristics and thus in the above mentioned lees properties.
Alvarado, Solis Neyra Patricia. "Lier la vie, défaire la mort : le système rituel des mexicanero (Mexique)." Paris 10, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA100153.
Повний текст джерелаThe ritual ethnography, human body concept and language of the mexicaneros from the mexican Sierra Madre Occidental mountain range depict the functioning of the universe that according to this indigenous group, is commanded by under world forces. In a match of oppositions the mexicaneros put on the ritual stage a life concept in which sacrifices serve as evidence of the enduring presence of feminine ancestor. The individual's life is woven in the same way as cotton, binding a lineage to a territory and its ancestors. The spiral action of the thread evokes the motion of the world that begins and ends inside the motherly womb ; the ultimate life-death point. Illness and death are manifested by a black wool thread that must be cut and burned representing sacrifice as a condition of life. The nahuat concept of the mexicaneros : titailpí timokotonal, "we bind. . . We slash ourselves" condenses this conception
Barreto, Marta Simone Vital. "Fam?lias (in)vis?veis?: a realidade de fam?lias homoafetivas com filhos/as adotivos/as na cidade do Natal/RN." Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2014. http://repositorio.ufrn.br/handle/123456789/19718.
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A presente disserta??o tem como objeto de an?lise o exerc?cio da homoparentalidade por via da ado??o, na cidade do Natal/RN, considerando para fins de recorte hist?rico os anos de 2009 a 2012. Objetivamos apreender e analisar a viv?ncia do exerc?cio da homoparentalidade por via da ado??o na referida cidade e identificar as poss?veis dificuldades enfrentadas no processo de ado??o e no cotidiano das fam?lias pesquisadas, buscando, tamb?m analisar o processo de visibilidade social, inser??o e conviv?ncia familiar e comunit?ria da fam?lia homoafetiva com filhos/as adotivos/as, especialmente no ?mbito da fam?lia, trabalho e educa??o formal dos/as filhos/as. Seguindo uma abordagem qualitativa, utilizamos como estrat?gia de obten??o e constru??o de dados a realiza??o de entrevistas com 04 fam?lias homoafetivas que concretizaram a ado??o na cidade do Natal/RN, no per?odo de tempo demarcado. As entrevistas realizadas foram balizadas por um roteiro de quest?es que buscaram contemplar o processo de ado??o, as dificuldades/preconceitos no processo de ado??o, a experi?ncia como pais/m?es gays/l?sbicas e os direitos da popula??o LGBT no Brasil. A escolha pela entrevista se deu em fun??o da possibilidade de aproxima??o com o cotidiano dessas fam?lias, na tentativa de identificar dificuldades e possibilidades no exerc?cio homoparental. A problematiza??o destes temas nas entrevistas e as respostas sistematizadas e analisadas revelam as tend?ncias de: afirma??o que a escolha pela ado??o como forma de constitui??o de fam?lia se deu devido ? exist?ncia de um desejo pr?vio de ser pai e m?e; total apoio dos/as familiares, tanto em rela??o ? ado??o, quanto em rela??o ? orienta??o sexual; a afirma??o da aus?ncia de qualquer tipo de dificuldade e/ou preconceito durante os processos de ado??o e nas atividades cotidianas, tanto no trabalho, quanto na fam?lia e na escola dos/as filhos/as, embora, contraditoriamente, algumas narrativas tenham sinalizado situa??es claras de preconceito e discrimina??o, fosse ?tnico-racial ou por orienta??o sexual; n?o participa??o e distanciamento dos movimentos sociais e movimentos LGBT.
The present work was focused on analyzing the performance of homoparenthood through the adoption, in the city of Natal/RN, considering for historical purposes clipping the years 2009 to 2012. This research aimed to seize and analyze the experience of exercising homoparenthood via adoption in the already said city and identify possible difficulties in the adoption process and daily life of the families surveyed, seeking also to analyze the process of social visibility, inclusion and family and community life of homo-affective family with children / the adoptive / as, especially in within the family, work and formal education / the kids / the. Following a qualitative approach, we used as a strategy for obtaining and building data, interviews with 04 families who realized Homoaffectives adoption in the city of Natal / RN, in a period of time well stablished. The interviews were compounds by a list of questions that sought to contemplate the adoption process, the difficulties / biases in the adoption process, experience as parents / mothers gays / lesbians and the rights of LGBT people in Brazil. The choice for the interview was due to the possibility of rapprochement with the daily lives of these families, in an attempt to identify difficulties and possibilities in homoparental exercise. The questioning of these themes in the interviews and systematized and analyzed responses reveal trends: statement that the choice to adopt as a means of family formation was due to the existence of a prior desire to be father and mother; full support of / family, both in relation to adoption, and in relation to sexual orientation; the assertion of the absence of any kind of difficulty and / or prejudice during the adoption processes and daily activities, both at work and in family and school / the kids / the while, paradoxically, some narratives have signaled clear situations of prejudice and discrimination, whether racial-ethnic or sexual orientation; non-participation and withdrawal from social movements and LGBT movements.
AOUIZERAT, JACK. "Chimisme gastrique et infection liee au virus vih : etude prospective de patients infectes par le virus vih." Nice, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991NICE6549.
Повний текст джерелаPENNEQUIN, MURIEL, and VERHASSELT INGRID DEVOUEIZE. "Le sujet age dement : lieux de vie actuels et perspectives d'avenir." Lille 2, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992LIL2M212.
Повний текст джерелаBingle, Johannes Petrus. "Die dramatiese, epiese en liriese stramien van die liturgiese lied / Johannes Petrus Bingle." Thesis, North-West University, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/7324.
Повний текст джерелаThesis (Ph.D. (Liturgics))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2012.
DUCHEMIN, MARIE-HELENE. "Amenagement d'un lieu de vie pour personnes agees valides en perte d'autonomie mentale." Angers, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991ANGE1098.
Повний текст джерелаLemoine, Lise. "L'insertion professionnelle d'adultes porteurs de trisomie 21 : liens entre profils cognitifs, contexte de vie, autonomie et qualité de vie." Thesis, Nancy 2, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010NAN21018.
Повний текст джерелаIt is acknowledged that the employment of adults with trisomy 21 (AT21) is beneficial in terms of autonomy and quality of life. While the issue is becoming more and more topical - most notably as a result of increased life expectancy - the employment of AT21s is also described as particularly difficult by workers in the field and has received little attention from researchers, especially not when seen in the specific context of the AT21s' cognitive abilities. The primary objective of this work is therefore to evaluate the cognitive abilities of AT21s (memory, language, reading, data processing and autonomy), their quality of life and that of their family depending on their type of employment. The sample comprises 32 AT21s aged from 20 to 35, equally divided between 4 living environments - sheltered or ordinary employment vs. occupational centres or return to a home environment - and members of their families (57 parents and 43 siblings). For each of the abilities studied, essential results show quantitative differences depending on the type of living environment, but the cognitive profile of AT21s appears very homogeneous. If there is a global connexion between employment and quality of life, this connexion is neither simple nor direct and requires an understanding of the dynamic interplay of work environment, the abilities of the subjects and specific family situations
Dornier-Agbodjan, Sarah. "Histoire de liens, histoire de biens : la photographie de famille : mémoire et transmission." Besançon, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003BESA1001.
Повний текст джерелаVan, Schalkwyk Liesl-Dana. "The relationship between content providers and users in mobile television / Liesl-Dana van Schalkwyk." Thesis, North-West University, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/1267.
Повний текст джерелаThesis (M.A. (Communication Studies))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2007.
Lauffray, Jean Orssaud Dominique. "Ḥalabiyya-Zenobia, place forte du Limes oriental, et la Haute-Mésopotamie au VIe siècle." Paris : P. Geuthner, 1991. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb355386693.
Повний текст джерелаVincent, Martine. "Facteurs psychosociaux liés aux risques d'infections virales (VIH/sida et hépatites) chez les cocaïnomanes /." [Montréal] : Université de Montréal, 2003. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/umontreal/fullcit?pNQ92725.
Повний текст джерела"Thèse présentée à la Faculté des études supérieures en vue de l'obtention du grade de Philosophiae Doctor (Ph.D.) en psychologie, programme recherche et intervention option clinique dynamique" Version électronique également disponible sur Internet.
Hudson, Shaymus W. "Inclusion Detection in Liquid Aluminum Via Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy." Digital WPI, 2016. https://digitalcommons.wpi.edu/etd-dissertations/540.
Повний текст джерелаGuérette, Mélissa. "Lien entre le risque de décrochage scolaire et la qualité de vie à l'école secondaire." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2009. http://savoirs.usherbrooke.ca/handle/11143/655.
Повний текст джерелаLamoureux-Toth, Sylvie. "Encephalopathie liee au vih chez l'enfant : etude clinique et par spectroscopie cerebrale de resonance magnetique." Aix-Marseille 2, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994AIX20835.
Повний текст джерелаLavorata, Laure. "Lien entre climat éthique et comportement éthique du vendeur : rôle déterminant du management commercial. Une application au domaine industriel." Paris 12, 2004. https://athena.u-pec.fr/primo-explore/search?query=any,exact,990002225290204611&vid=upec.
Повний текст джерелаThe objective of this work is to highlight the relation between ethical climate and salespeople's ethical behavior, and to underline the main role of salesmanagement in the company‘s ethical climate. To measure salespeople's ethical behavior, the author use the theory of the virtues to analyse this concept, and the method of vignettes as a methodological framework. The ethical climate was measured through four dimensions : ethical codes, behavior of the peers, practices of sale and component of the salary, which made it possible to build a scale of measurement of this concept. A methodology in two steps was adopted : after having select the field of research, a qualitative study was undertaken among the salespeople of a company specialized in bureautics ; then a quantitative study was carried out thus making it possible to check the assumptions of research. The results, obtained by the approach of least squares PLS, indicate the ethical climate significantly influences salespeople's ethical behavior, whereas the individual variables are not determining. It appears that that practices of sale and salary, components of the sale's policy of the company, are determining to explain salespeople's ethical behavior
Silva, Junior Valter Aparecido 1989. "Soluções do problema de Liouville-Gelfand via grupos de Lie." [s.n.], 2015. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/306723.
Повний текст джерелаDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Matemática Estatística e Computação Científica
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Resumo: Nesta dissertação, obteremos as soluções exatas do Problema de Liouville-Gelfand (em uma e em duas dimensões) via grupos de Lie de simetrias
Abstract: In this dissertation, we shall obtain the exact solutions of the Liouville-Gelfand Problem (in one and in two dimensions) via Lie groups of symmetries
Mestrado
Matematica Aplicada
Mestre em Matemática Aplicada
Bonda, Jan Willem. "De meerstemmige Nederlandse liederen van de vijftiende en zestiende eeuw /." Hilversum : Verloren, 1996. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb39078509g.
Повний текст джерелаMention parallèle de titre ou de responsabilité : The @polyphonic songs in Dutch of the fifteenth and sixteenth century. Résumé en anglais. Bibliogr. p. [646]-674. Index.
Gois, Jefferson Santos de. "Strategies for halogen determination and isotopic analysis via ICP-MS." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFSC, 2016. https://repositorio.ufsc.br/xmlui/handle/123456789/162847.
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This work presents new approaches for halogen determination in a variety of samples using inductively coupled plasma - mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) and for isotope ratio measurements by multicollector - inductively coupled plasma - mass spectrometry (MC-ICP-MS) and application of the methods developed to real environmental cases. Four methods for solid sampling (SS) analysis by ICP-MS, three using electrothermal vaporization - inductively coupled plasma - mass spectrometry (ETV-ICP-MS) and one using laser ablation - inductively coupled plasma - mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS), and two methods for isotopic analysis by MC-ICP-MS, one for Br and another for Cl in sea water, were developed. The methods were applied for studying samples from real study cases, providing significant results with respect to environmental processes. For all three methods using SS-ETV-ICP-MS, the solid samples were directly weighed into graphite "cups" that were subsequently inserted into the graphite furnace, and the instrumental parameters were optimized for high sensitivity and efficient matrix removal. Chlorine determination in biological samples could be carried out using aqueous standard solutions, when using pre-dried modifiers (Pd + Nd or Pd + Ca) or using solid certified reference material (CRM), accompanied with or without the same pre-dried, achieving a limit of quantification (LOQ) of 5 ?g g-1. For Br and Cl determination in coal samples, Cl was accurately determined using calibration against solid standards, whereas Br could also be quantified adequately by using calibration against aqueous standard solutions, both using pre-dried modifiers (Pd + Ca), LOQs of 0.03 ?g g-1 for Br and 7 ?g g-1 for Cl were achieved. F, Cl, Br and I were determined in particulate matter, F was determined via high resolution - continuum source molecular absorption spectrometry (HR-CS MAS) for monitoring the CaF molecule, while Cl, Br and I were determined via SS-ETV-ICP-MS. This method allowed the quantification of the halogens in 14 PM10 samples collected in a Northeastern coastal city in Brazil. The results demonstrated variations of the halogen contents according to meteorological conditions, particularly related to rainfall, humidity and sunlight irradiation. Bromine determination in polymer samples was accomplished via LA-ICP-MS after the optimization of the operational parameters for high sensitivity. Under optimized conditions, it was possible to accurately determine Br in 5 different certified polymer reference materials and 5 real polymer samples by external calibration using different certified materials containing different concentrations of Br and by external calibration against a single certified material monitoring 12C+ as internal standard. The LOQ obtained was 110 ?g g-1 of Br. Bromine and Cl isotopic analysis in seawater via MC-ICP-MS was proven feasible, operated in high mass resolution and by decreasing the memory effect using 5 mmol L-1 of NH4OH in sample, standard and wash solutions. Optimal analyte concentrations were = 3 mg L-1 for Br and = 70 mg L-1 for Cl. The major cation load of seawater was removed via cation exchange chromatography (Dowex 50WX8 resin). In the case of Br, evaporation of the samples at 90°C permitted analyte preconcentration without Br loss or isotope fractionation. Mass discrimination was corrected for by external correction in a sample-standard bracketing approach for both elements. Sr, Ge and Se were also tested as potential internal standards for Br isotopic analysis but provided no advantage. Both methods demonstrated high precision and accuracy based on the comparison of experimental values with certified and literature values. The methods were applied within the context of an environmental study of Br and Cl in sea ice collected during the Sea Ice Physics and Ecosystem eXperiment 2012 voyage at different depths and locations. The concentration of these elements in the samples ranged from 700 to 31000 ?g L-1 for Br and from 200 mg L-1 to 8000 mg L-1 for Cl, and a relation between the concentrations and the corresponding ?81Br and ?37Cl values was found. Lower concentrations and ???values were observed for sea ice collected at greater depths and are probably related to desalinization processes.
Resumo : Os halogênios são um grupo de elementos que apresentam diversas particularidades, tornando-os muito importantes para diversos propósitos. No entanto, esses elementos apresentam elevado grau de toxicidade quando ingeridos ou inalados, e são considerados perigosos quando presentes no meio ambiente, devido principalmente ao fato de poderem reagir com moléculas de O3, promovendo a destruição da camada de ozônio. Considerando a alta aplicabilidade dos halogênios e seus efeitos adversos ao ambiente e em sistemas biológicos, faz-se necessário o estabelecimento de métodos sensÃveis, com exatidão e precisão, para a sua determinação. Técnicas como eletrodos de Ãon seletivos, cromatografia de Ãons, análise por ativação de nêutrons instrumental, espectroscopia de fluorescência por raios-X, entre outros, foram propostos e aplicados com sucesso para analise de halogêneos em diversas matrizes, no entanto, em alguns casos, morosas etapas de preparo de amostras são necessárias, além de algumas das técnicas apresentarem limitações para analise multielementar, baixa sensibilidade, baixa frequência analÃtica, incidência de interferências e curta faixa linear para quantificação. Além de problemas para sua quantificação, a medida de razão isotópica de halogênios ainda é um desafio. Algumas técnicas têm sido aplicadas para este propósito como a espectrometria de massas de razão isotópica e espectrometria de massas por ionização quÃmica, entretanto, normalmente apresentam baixa precisão além de apresentarem muitos dos problemas apresentados para quantificação. Desta forma, o objetivo geral deste trabalho é apresentar propostas a fim de solucionar os problemas enfrentados para análise de halogênios por espectrometria de massas por plasma indutivamente acoplado (ICP-MS) e analise de razões isotópicas por multicoletor (MC)-ICP-MS, aplicando os métodos desenvolvidos para o estudo de casos ambientais reais. Uma breve introdução abordando os conceitos básicos sobre a importância dos halogênios, uma visão geral sobre funcionamento de equipamentos ICP-MS, determinação e análise isotópica de halogênios por ICP-MS é apresentada no CapÃtulo 1 o qual é seguindo pelos CapÃtulos 2, 3 e 4 onde se apresentam novas propostas para determinação de halogênios por meio da analise direta de sólidos utilizando vaporização eletrotérmica (SS-ETV)-ICP-MS e aplicação dos métodos propostos a analise de amostras biológicas, minerais e ambientais em diferentes estudos. O CapÃtulo 5 apresenta o desenvolvimento de um método simples para determinação direta de Br em amostras de polÃmeros por ablação a laser (LA)-ICP-MS, enquanto que os CapÃtulos 6, 7 e 8 abordam o desenvolvimento de métodos para medida da razão isotópica de halogênios em água do mar e amostras de gelo marinho por MC-ICP-MS. No CapÃtulo 2, uma nova metodologia para a determinação de Cl em amostras biológicas e botânicas usando SS-ETV-ICP-MS é apresentada. As amostras sólidas foram pesadas diretamente em plataformas de grafite (copos de grafite da técnica cup-in-tube) e inseridas no forno de grafite. Os parâmetros de potencial de rádio frequência (RF) e a vazão de gás carreador foram otimizados em 1300 W e 0,7 L min-1, respectivamente. Padrões aquosos foram utilizados para a obtenção da curva de calibração com o auxÃlio de modificadores pré-secos (Pd + Nd ou Pd + Ca) ou utilizando um material de referencia certificado (CRM) sólido com os mesmos modificadores pré-secos ou sem a utilização de modificadores. O limite de quantificação (LOQ) obtido foi 5 ?g g-1 sob condições otimizadas. A concentração de Cl foi determinada em cinco amostras de referência certificadas, com concentrações certificados para Cl, além de três amostras de referência certificados com concentrações certificadas para Cl indisponÃveis, neste último caso, os resultados foram comparados à queles obtidos utilizando espectrometria de absorção molecular de alta resolução com fonte contÃnua (HR-CS MAS). As concentrações obtidas demonstraram-se em acordo, a um nÃvel de confiança estatÃstica de 95%, com os valores certificados ou de referência.O CapÃtulo 3 apresenta um novo método para a determinação direta e simultânea Br e Cl em amostras de carvão utilizando SS-ETV-ICP-MS. O processo não requer pré-tratamento de amostras e necessita de pequenas alÃquotas de massa de amostra (cerca de 0,5 mg). Todos os parâmetros operacionais, incluindo vazão de gás carreador e potencial de RF, foram otimizados para o máximo de sensibilidade. O uso de modificadores/ carreadores de aerossóis (Pd, Pd + Al e Pd + Ca) foi avaliado e a combinação de Pd e Ca foi escolhida, permitindo a adoção das temperaturas de pirólise e vaporização de 700 oC e 1900 oC, respectivamente. Cloro foi determinado com o auxilio de calibração utilizando padrões sólidos, enquanto Br foi determinado tanto por calibração aquosa quanto utilizando CRM sólidos. Os LOQs obtidos foram de 0,03 ?g g-1 para Br e 7 ?g g-1 para Cl, interferências espectrais não foram observadas.No CapÃtulo 4 foi avaliada a viabilidade da análise direta de sólidos por HR-CS MAS para a determinação de F e ETV-ICP-MS para determinação simultânea de Cl, Br e I em material particulado inalável no ar (PM10), coletados na região metropolitana de Aracaju, Sergipe, Brasil. As análises de F por HR-CS MAS foram realizadas monitorando a molécula de CaF que foi gerada a altas temperaturas na câmara de grafite após a adição de cálcio em uma relação Ca/ F de 35. As análises por ETV-ICP-MS foram realizadas utilizando Ca como modificador quÃmico/ carreador de aerossol com a utilização concomitante de Pd como modificador permanente, a fim de evitar perdas de Cl, Br e I durante a etapa de pirólise. A abordagem de analise direta de sólidos resultou em LOQs adequados para a determinação de halogêneos em PM10, usando a calibração por adição de analito ou calibração utilizando um CRM solido. O método permitiu a quantificação dos halogênios em 14 PM10 coletadas em uma cidade costeira do nordeste do Brasil. Os resultados demonstraram variações de teor de halogênios de acordo com as condições meteorológicas, principalmente relacionados a chuvas, umidade e irradiação solar. O CapÃtulo 5 foi destinado à avaliação da utilização da LA-ICP-MS para análise de Br em amostras de polÃmeros. Os parâmetros operacionais do LA-ICP-MS, incluindo a vazão de gás carreador, potencial de RF, tamanho da cratera de ablação e frequência do laser foram otimizados para o máximo de sensibilidade. Os valores otimizados foram 0,6 L min-1 para vazão de gás carreador (He), 950 W de potencial de RF, 120 ?m de tamanho da cratera de ablação e 15 Hz de frequência do laser. Sob condições otimizadas foi possÃvel determinar, com exatidão, Br em 5 amostras certificadas de polÃmeros e 5 amostras reais de polÃmeros obtidas em estabelecimentos locais em Ghent, Bélgica por calibração externa utilizando CRMs contendo diferentes concentrações de Br e por calibração externa utilizando apenas um CRM monitorando 12C+ como padrão interno. O LOQ obtido foi de 110 ?g g-1 para Br.O CapÃtulo 6 apresenta um método simples para medida da razão isotópica de Br em água do mar por MC-ICP-MS, utilizando nebulização pneumática para introdução da amostra. Os sinais dos isótopos de Br+ foram medidos livre de interferências utilizando alta resolução. O efeitos de memória para Br foi diminuÃdo utilizando 5 mmol L-1 NH4OH como solução de limpeza entre as medidas. O conteúdo catiônico da água do mar foi removido por cromatografia catiônica utilizando uma resina Dowex 50WX8. Pré-concentração das amostras foi obtida por evaporação a 90°C, sem perda ou fraccionamento isotópico de Br. Discriminação de massas foi corrigida por correção externa utilizando bracketing, embora Sr, Ge e Se foram testados como potenciais padrões internos. Os valores 81Br/ 79Br obtidos para os materiais de referência isotópicos (NaBr) NIST (material de referencia padrão) SRM 977 e (água do mar) IRMM BCR-403 demonstraram estar de acordo com os valores da literatura.No CapÃtulo 7, a medida da razão isotópica de Cl em água do mar por MC-ICP-MS através de nebulização pneumática tradicional foi realizada utilizando, i) alta resolução de massa (potencial de resolução de 10.000) para resolver interferências espectrais, ii) 5 mmol L-1 NH4OH como solução de limpeza a fim de diminuir o efeito de memória e iii) uma concentração de Cl de = 70 mg L-1. A carga catiônica da água do mar e de sais de cloreto (NaCl, KCl) foi eficientemente removida sem afetar a composição isotópica original da Cl através de cromatografia catiônica utilizando resina de troca iônica Dowex 50WX8. O método desenvolvido demonstrou alta exatidão e precisão, atestadas pela medição da razão isotópica 37Cl/ 35Cl na amostra CRM NIST 975a (valor obtido de 0,319765 ± 0,000022, em comparação com um valor de referência de 0,319768 ± 0,000187 a uma precisão de ~ 0,007%, desvio padrão relativo, n = 3). Além disso, o valor???37Cl (baseado no padrão de cloro em água do mar, SMOC) foi determinado para cinco padrões diferentes que variaram de -0,54 a + 0,89 ?. O CapÃtulo 8 apresenta um estudo ambiental de Br e Cl em gelo marinho coletados durante a expedição Sea Ice Physics and Ecosystem eXperiment 2012, em diferentes profundidades e locais. Todas as medições de razão isotópicas de Br e Cl foram realizadas de acordo com os métodos apresentados no CapÃtulo 6 e 7. A concentração destes elementos variou de 700 para 31000 ?g L -1 para Br e de 200 para 8000 mg L-1 para Cl, sendo que as menores concentrações foram relacionados com o gelo coletado em maiores profundidades, estando a diminuição da concentração de Br e Cl provavelmente relacionadas a processos de dessalinização. Os valores de ?81Br e ??37Cl apresentaram relação linear com a suas concentrações, sugerindo que o processo de dessalinização desempenha um papel no fraccionamento isotópico no gelo do mar.
Skilton, Anne. "Les liens entre le mode de vie, les facteurs métaboliques et le risque du cancer de l’endomètre." Lyon 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007LYO10198.
Повний текст джерелаObesity is strongly implicated in the aetiology of endometrial cancer, but little is known of the association of other lifestyle and metabolic factors with endometrial cancer risk. This thesis examines the aetiological role of factors related to energy balance and insulin-resistance on endometrial cancer risk. Studies were conducted within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC), a prospective cohort study comprising about 350,000 women and 150,000 men in 10 western European countries. Several lifestyle factors were examined, including anthropometry, physical activity and dietary carbohydrates, as well as metabolic factors measured in the blood, such as insulin, adiponectin, glucose and lipids. To complement the aetiological analyses, a physical activity validation study was conducted in Sydney, Australia, to explore the validity and reliability of the EPIC physical activity questionnaire, using accelerometers as an objective measure
Deus, Juliano Alves de. "Análise numérica das soluções de vácuo dos universos homogêneos de Biachi VII." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UnB, 2009. http://repositorio.unb.br/handle/10482/4603.
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As cosmologias de Bianchi são modelos cosmológicos homogêneos anisotrópicos. Podem, no entanto, incluir o caso particular isotrópico. Modelos anisotrópicos adquirem importância no estudo do universo próximo ao seu surgimento, quando a geometria é dominante na determinação da dinâmica do universo. Portanto, soluções de vácuo, que desconsideram o efeito da matéria e energia, são apropriadas para obter as equações de campo do sistema. Neste trabalho nós resolvemos numericamente soluções de vácuo dos universos homogêneos de Bianchi VII. O tipo Bianchi VII constitui um caso de grande generalidade dentro destes modelos cosmológicos homogêneos. Nós obtivemos soluções que indicam universos com expansões lineares e com um particular comportamento tipo Kasner, para Bianchi VII0. Para Bianchi VIIA, obtivemos soluções de universos com expansões lineares (incluindo o caso isotrópico) e, num caso mais geral, verificamos numericamente um comportamento de onda plana. ________________________________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACT
The Bianchi's cosmologies are anisotropic homogeneous cosmological models. May however include the particular isotropic case. Anisotropic models gain importance in the study of the universe close to their emergence, when the geometry is dominant in determining the dynamics of the universe. Therefore, vacuum solutions, which disregards the matter and energy effect, are suitable to obtain the system field equations. In this work we numerically solve the vacuum solutions of Bianchi VII homogeneous universes. The Bianchi VII type is a case of great generality within this homogeneous cosmological models. We obtained solutions which indicates universes with linear expansions and with a particular Kasner type behavior, for Bianchi VII0. For Bianchi VIIA, we obtained solutions for universes with linear expansion (including the isotropic case) and, for more general case, we verify numerically a behavior of at wave.
Jaoua, Zied. "Méthode de décodage robuste pour la transmission de flux HTML comprimé via un lien mobile bruité." Paris 13, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA132025.
Повний текст джерелаThis thesis addresses the problem of robust transmission of HTML files on a wireless communication channel of type 802. 11n. The latest version of the exchange protocol (http1. 1) offers the possibility to download an HTML file which is compressed and encapsulated using Zip, Gzip or Compress format. This stream is then successively encapsulated according to the specifications of different protocol layers of the network to provide a physical frame transmitted to the receiver via the wireless link. The first part of our work assumes that all headers have been correctly received to address the problem of correcting errors in the compressed HTML stream according to the entropic compression modes : Lempel-Ziv-77 and Deflate. A joint source-channel decoding strategy based on the validity of the structure of the source codes and the HTML syntax is developed without any additional redundancy to the transmitted stream. The proposed receiver based on the principle of turbo decoder using two serially concatenated SISO decoders. Particular emphasis is given to the source decoder based on the outer SISO using the sequential decoding M algorithm which is modified and adapted to the code structure and HTML syntax. This iterative receiver improves significantly the results compared to traditional channel decoding methods. The second part of our work deals with the problem of the robustness of the physical 802. 11n header. A cross-layer strategy based on joint protocol-channel decoding technique is developed without adding redundant information to the physical header transmitted on the channel. The analysis of the physical header allowed extracting relevant features which are exploited by the outer decoder of the proposed iterative receiver. This receiver provides significant improvements compared to conventional methods of channel decoding
Gauthier-Légaré, Audrey. "Stress et transitions à la maternité: liens avec les événements de vie et la sensibilité maternelle." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/69244.
Повний текст джерелаThe study of stress is now well established and has been linked to many different aspects of human development. A plethora of studies have shown the effects of stress on different dimensions of adjustment. Specifically, there is an increasing interest in the study of the stress of mothers, who carry the child during the prenatal period and who spend much time with the infant during the early months following birth. However, there are different conceptions of stress and different methods used to operationalize it, making it difficult to draw clear conclusions regarding links between maternal stress and infant and child outcome. Two ideas are specifically addressed in the present dissertation. First, the concept of stress is anchored in the notion that different events require adaptation on the part of individuals and, as such, that the experience of stress is somehow linked to the events with which an individual is confronted. However, the associations between the occurrence of events and the subjective assessments of stress that are grounded in cognitive appraisals of the adaptational requirements and the resources available to cope with such challenges, vary greatly across studies. This is true in the general study of stress, as in the study of parental stress specifically. Second, with respect to maternal stress, studies have mostly focused on very specific time periods to the exclusions of others, in spite of the basic observation that experiences of stress are both linked to, and vary from, experiences of stress at other times of parenthood. With the focus on specific time periods, it is difficult to draw conclusions regarding the evolution of the experience of stress across parenthood and its association to caregiving behavior and child outcome. The goals of this dissertation are two-fold: First, a meta-analysis is conducted to examine the association between objective, event-based measures of stress and subjective, cognitive appraisal-based assessments of stress, while considering different moderating variables. Results reveal a moderate association between the two broad categories of stress measures. However, moderator analyses show that very high associations are found between the experience of negative life events and emotional-state-based indices of self-reports of stress, whereas the association with trait-based reports of stress are virtually non-existent. This is an important finding in light of the frequency at which trait-based assessments are used. Second, the association between events and subjective indicators of stress are greater v in Western countries, in comparison to studies conducted in Asia, suggesting important cultural components to our understanding of this association. Second, a longitudinal study involving 4 different time points covering the last trimester of pregnancy and infant age 16 months was conducted to determine whether there were individual differences in trajectories of stress across the transition to parenthood. Four groups of mothers were identified. For statistical reasons, two of these trajectories, involving atypical patterns of stress across time and very high levels of stress at a given time point, were combined to create 3 different groups. Analyses revealed that this atypical group experienced greater levels of negative life events than the other two groups, and were observed to be significantly less sensitive during interactions with their infant in a home visit completed at infant age 8 months. This finding supports the coherence of the stress experience during the transition to motherhood and the notion that stress is related to the manner in which mothers interact with their infants during the postnatal period. These findings illustrate the importance of maternal stress as a marker of the child’s developmental ecology, during both the prenatal and postnatal periods, and underline that to appropriately understand maternal stress and its impact on child outcome, repeated measures involving the transition to motherhood are required.
Ozanne, Alexandra. "Activation immunitaire, immuno-sénescence et inflammation : Analyses statistiques des liens avec les comorbidités non liées au VIH lors de l’infection par le VIH." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017BORD0846/document.
Повний текст джерелаAntiretroviral therapies have improved the survival of HIV-infected people. However, many non-HIVrelated comorbidities occur and represent a major concern in patient care. Activation, inflammation and immunosenescence could play a major role in this process. Many markers can measure those dysfunctions and they are often used without accounting for their possible interdependency. The objectives of this thesis were i) proposing a combination of those markers, ii) assessing the association between the combination of markers and the presence of comorbidities and iii) assessing the association between the combination of markers and the risk of occurrence of comorbidities and mortality in HIV-infected patients included in the sub-study CIADIS from cohort ANRS CO3 Aquitaine. We identified two scores: the cellular and the soluble CIADIS scores. The cellular score was mostly to multimorbidity and occurrence of any kind of new comorbidity. The profile of underlying immune dysfunctions was different when looking separately at the comorbidities. These results support the assumption that several underlying profiles of activation, inflammation and senescence could be involved in the development of different comorbidities. Our results show that integrating new biomarkers in analyses could improve the understanding of comorbidities. We will continue to work on the identification of profiles of immune dysfunctions for some specific comorbidity
Amorim, Ronni Geraldo Gomes de. "Formulação de teorias de campos via estruturas simpléticas e o produto de Weyl." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UnB, 2006. http://repositorio.unb.br/handle/10482/3492.
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Neste trabalho, utiliza-se operadores-estrela definidos a partir do produto de Weyl em geometria não comutativa, para estudar representações unitárias para os grupos de Galilei e de Poincaré. Mediante o estudo da álgebra de Galilei-Lie, fica construído um formalismo auto-contido para a mecânica quântica no espaço de fase. Para testar a consistência do formalismo, alguns resultados são obtidos, tais como a equação de continuidade. E buscando a aplicabilidade, problemas de autovalores da equação de Schroedinger no espaço de fase são discutidos, como o oscilador harmônico e o potencial de Liouville. No contexto do estudo do grupo de Poincaré, escreve-se as equações de Klein-Gordon e de Dirac no espaço de fase, escrevendo também as lagrangianas e correntes conservadas para estes dois campos. Para os campos estudados aqui, as quantidades conservadas são deduzidas via o teorema de Noether no espaço de fase. ________________________________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACT
In this work, it is used star operators defined from the Weyl’s product of the noncommutative geometry, to study unitary representations for the Galilei and Poincaré groups. By the study of the Galilei Lie algebra, a self-contained formalism is built for quantum mechanics in phase space. In order to test the consistency of the formalism, some results are obtained, such as the continuity equation. As applications problems of eigenvalues of the Schroedinger equation is discussed in phase space, as the harmonic oscillator and the Liouville potential. In this context of phase space, we study the Poincaré group, deriving the Klein Gordon and Dirac equation, as well as their respective lagrangian densities. For the fields studied here, the conservation law are derived by using the Noether theorem in phase space.
Kounta, Cheick Haïballa. "Le recours au sexe transactionnel et ses liens avec le risque du VIH parmi deux populations clés de l’Afrique de l’Ouest." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020AIXM0026.
Повний текст джерелаIn Africa, HIV infection is primarily sexually transmitted. In this context, sex workers and their clients are at increased risk of HIV, mainly because of the high number of their sexual partners and their risky sexual behaviours. The close links between transactional sex and HIV vulnerability have been recognized since the beginning of the HIV epidemic, and are the subject of a large and growing literature. In contrast, there is limited evidence on these links in (1) men who have sex with men (MSM) and (2) migrant populations in traditional gold mining areas in West Africa. This thesis examines the links between transactional sex and HIV risk among these two key populations, based on data collected in the framework of (1) an interventional cohort carried out in 2015 with MSM in four West African countries (Burkina Faso, Côte d'Ivoire, Mali and Togo) and (2) a cross-sectional feasibility study conducted in 2015 among migrant populations in a traditional gold mining site in Kôkôyô, Mali. This thesis characterized HIV risk profiles of MSM involved in transactional sex and female sex workers. The results show that these participants have socioeconomic vulnerabilities and risky sexual behaviors associated with their practice, increasing their risk of exposure to HIV infection. These results call for better adapted HIV prevention interventions to be implemented for these key populations
Margairaz, Dominique. "Du lieu commun à l'esprit public : François de Neufchâteau : essai de biographie intellectuelle." Paris 1, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA010621.
Повний текст джерелаMontel, Sébastien. "Coping et qualité de vie en lien avec l'humeur et les émotions dans la sclérose en plaques et Parkinson." Paris 5, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA05H046.
Повний текст джерелаMultiple Sclerosis (MS) and Parkinson's Disease (PD) are two neurological disorders having a significant effect on the Quality of Life (QoL) of subjects affected by them. The fonctional limitations compel the patients to revise their priorities and to accept many changes in their daily life. Mood disorders linked on the one hand to the consequences of the disease and on the other hand to neurological lesions, frequently follow. To face this physical, psychological and social upheaval, subjects use coping strategies. This work aims to study the coping style and the QoL of MS and PD subjects while taking account of depression and anxiety. We thought that some coping strategies could be linked to a poor QoL. We expected different coping strategies according to the type of disease and its clinical characteristics. The research include 3 studies and one clinical reflexion. One hundred thirty five MS in the first study, 135 PD in the second one and 40 PD who have undergone a deep brain stimulation are evaluated. The collect of data is made through a semi-structured interview and self-questionnaires. The research bring out different coping strategies according to the disease but also according to the clinical course in MS and motor signs as well stimulation in PD. Emotional coping strategies are linked to a poor QoL in overall patients. These results encourage us to develop multi-focused interventions adapted to the disease's characteristics
Lizaire, Jean evenson. "« La pratique du rap en Haïti : un lieu d'autoformation et de subjectivation »." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018USPCD086.
Повний текст джерелаThis doctoral thesis is based on the self-training and the subjectivation side of the practice of rap music, both aspects are until there unexplored in this musical practice. It examines the way that individual become a competent rapper, according to the criteria implicitly created in the community practice around of rap music in the Haii political and economical context. It also reviews the construction of the rapper actors, based on the analysis of composite datas : text musics, video clips, biographical datas picked up from interviews with rappers and rap fans at Port-au-Prince, between 2013 and 2016. The proposed ideas are developed according to the epistemological, theoretic, and methodological filiation of the biographical approach. The picked datas allow us to understand that being a rapper depends on complex relations between informal and formal knowledges, on deferent moments of self-training process in whishes individual is confronted with knowledge challenge and self-challenge.Not necessarily an “engaged music”,the haitian rap is a “lamentation music”, a way for haitian rappers and rap fans to express their pain. In other words, because it does not catalyze serious collective movements, this music is rather a way for young people who want to express their feelings of despair, affliction, rage and even their shame in front of Haiti's chaotic situation. The Haitian rap has a most cathartic function rather than a political one
Rhim, Achour. "Prévision du temps de vie du lien pour améliorer la stabilité de routage dans les réseaux Ad hoc." Mémoire, École de technologie supérieure, 2009. http://espace.etsmtl.ca/77/1/RHIM_Achour.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаLévesque, Lucie. "De l'impuissance à la mutation voir sa vulnérabilité comme un lieu de vie et apprendre à s'y accompagner /." Thèse, [Rimouski, Québec] : Université du Québec à Rimouski, 2007.
Знайти повний текст джерелаTitre de l'écran-titre (visionné le 12 février 2008). Mémoire présenté à l'Université du Québec à Rimouski comme exigence partielle du programme de maîtrise en étude des pratiques psychosociales. Comprend un résumé. CaQRU CaQRU CaQRU Bibliogr.: f. 210-218. Webographie f. 219-220. Publié aussi en version papier. CaQRU
Rocha, Brismark G?es da. "Desenvolvimento de bionanocomp?sitos: nano e microcristais de celulose com poli (?lcool vin?lico) e poli (?cido l?tico)." Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2014. http://repositorio.ufrn.br/handle/123456789/19396.
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O presente trabalho tem como objetivos extrair a fibra da folha do abacaxizeiro tipo P?rola para obter bast?es (?whiskers) de celulose destas fibras tratadas quimicamente, para utiliza??o como refor?o na fabrica??o de filmes de Biocomp?sito com Poli ?lcool Vin?lico (PVA) e Poli (?cido l?tico) (PLA) como matrizes. As amostras foram caracterizadas utilizando an?lises como TGA, FTIR e DSC. Tamb?m foram realizados ensaios das folhas para a identifica??o de macro e micro nutrientes. As amostras dos filmes de biocomp?sitos foram usadas para ensaios mec?nicos de tra??o nos filmes e o teste de biodegrada??o aer?bica, bem como nos filmes de 100% de PVA e PLA. A extra??o da fibra foi efetuada numa desfibradeira autom?tica, e em seguida as fibras extra?das foram lavadas v?rias vezes para remover as impurezas e foram tratadas com NaOH (hidr?xido de s?dio) e NaClO (hipoclorito de s?dio), para remover as impurezas inerentes ?s fibras e a cor natural, respectivamente. Em seguida, as fibras tratadas foram submetidas a um processo de hidr?lise com ?cido sulf?rico a 13,5%, para obten??o de bast?es de celulose. Foram produzidos filmes biocomp?sitos de PVA e PLA com bast?es de celulose nas concentra??es de 0%, 1%, 3%, 6%, 9% e 12%. ?gua destilada a 80?C ? 5 na dilui??o de PVA e diclorometano para a dilui??o do PLA na temperatura ambiente. Na prepara??o dos filmes foi utilizado o m?todo de ?casting?. Posteriormente foram realizados os testes de absor??o de ?gua pelos filmes produzidos. Para o ensaio mec?nico de tra??o dos filmes foi utilizada a norma ASTM D638-10 com velocidade de 50 mm/min. O teste estat?stico Qui-quadrado foi empregado para a verifica??o da exist?ncia de diferen?as significativas em n?vel de 0,05: comprimentos das folhas do abacaxizeiro e dos bast?es, procedimentos utilizados para filtra??o em filtro utilizando seringa de 0,2 ?m e filtragem atrav?s de centrifuga??o. Foi realizado estudo de hidrofilidade dos filmes com base no ?ngulo de contato. Tamb?m foi aplicado o teste Estat?stico T-Student com n?vel de signific?ncia (0,05) para comparar as espessuras dos filmes de PVA e PLA e das propriedades mec?nicas (tra??o). Na avalia??o da biodegradabilidade dos biocomp?sitos, bem como os filmes de 100% das matrizes de PVA e PLA, foi utilizado o teste de Sturm norma D5209. Os resultados indicam a presen?a de bast?es de celulose com comprimentos variandos de 7,33 nm a 186,17 nm. As espessuras em m?dia dos filmes de PVA e PLA eram de 0,153 ?m e 0,210 ?m, respectivamente. Foi observada uma forte correla??o linear diretamente proporcional entre a tra??o dos filmes de PVA e a concentra??o de bast?es de celulose nos filmes (0,7336), da espessura do filme de 0,1404. Juntos, a porcentagem de bast?es de celulose e a espessura dos filmes, correlacionaram 0,8740. No caso dos filmes de PLA, a correla??o entre o teor dos bast?es de celulose e a tra??o foi fraca, inversamente proporcional (-0,0057) e a espessura em -0,2602, totalizando -0,2659, isto ?, os bast?es de celulose n?o aderiram totalmente ao PLA. Na compara??o dos resultados da tra??o das duas matrizes polim?ricas, os bast?es de celulose contribu?ram na melhoria das propriedades mec?nicas no caso de PVA, mas h? uma diferen?a com rela??o a PLA. Nos testes de biodegradabilidade, foi observado a degrada??o total do filme de PVA ap?s 27 dias, enquanto o filme de PLA degradou em 20 dias, o que comprova que os filmes produzidos s?o biodegrad?veis.
This work has the main objective to obtain nano and microcrystals of cellulose, extracted from the pineapple leaf fibres (PALF), as reinforcement for the manufacture of biocomposite films with polymeric matrices of Poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) and Poly(lactic acid) (PLA). The polymer matrices and the nano and microcrystals of cellulose were characterised by means of TGA, FTIR and DSC. The analysis was performed on the pineapple leaves to identify the macro and micronutrients. The fibers of the leaves of the pineapple were extracted in a desfibradeira mechanical. The PALF extracted were washed to remove washable impurities and subsequently treated with sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and sodium hypochlorite (NaClO) in the removal of impurities, such as fat, grease, pectates, pectin and lignin. The processed PALF fibers were hydrolysed in sulfuric acid (H2SO4) at a concentration of 13.5 %, to obtain nano and microcrystals of cellulose. In the manufacture of biocomposite films, concentrations of cellulose, 0 %, 1 %, 3 %, 6 %, 9% and 12% were used as reinforcement to the matrices of PVA and PLA. The PVA was dissolved in distilled water at 80 ? 5 oC and the PLA was dissolved in dichloromethane at room temperature. The manufacture of biocomp?sitos in the form of films was carried out by "casting". Tests were carried out to study the water absorption by the films and mechanical test of resistance to traction according to ASTM D638-10 with a velocity of 50 mm/min.. Chi-square statistical test was used to check for the existence of significant differences in the level of 0.05: the lengths of the PALF, lengths of the nano and microcrystals of cellulose and the procedures used for the filtration using filter syringe of 0.2 ?m or filtration and centrifugation. The hydrophilicity of biocomp?sitos was analysed by measuring the contact angle and the thickness of biocomp?sitos were compared as well as the results of tests of traction. Statistical T test - Student was also applied with the significance level (0.05). In biodegradation, Sturm test of standard D5209 was used. Nano and microcrystals of cellulose with lengths ranging from 7.33 nm to 186.17 nm were found. The PVA films showed average thicknesses of 0.153 ?m and PLA 0.210 ?m. There is a strong linear correlation directly proportional between the traction of the films of PVA and the concentration of cellulose in the films (composite) (0,7336), while the thickness of the film was correlated in 0.1404. Nano and microcrystals of cellulose and thickness together, correlated to 0.8740. While the correlation between the cellulose content and tensile strength was weak and inversely proportional (- 0,0057) and thickness in -0.2602, totaling -0,2659 in PLA films. This can be attributed to the nano and microcrystals of cellulose not fully adsorbed to the PLA matrix. In the comparison of the results of the traction of the two polymer matrices, the nano and microcrystals have helped in reducing the traction of the films (composite) of PLA. There was still the degradation of the film of PVA, within a period of 20 days, which was not seen in the PLA film, on the other hand, the observations made in the literature, the average time to start the degradation is above 60 days. What can be said that the films are biodegradable composites, with hydrophilicity and the nano and microcrystals of cellulose, contribute positively in the improvement of the results of polymer matrices used.
Trifanescu, Letitia. "La migration féminine précaire, lieu d’expérience d’un sujet culturel : Dynamiques formatives et (re)constructions identitaire." Thesis, Paris 13, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA131012/document.
Повний текст джерелаThis work aims to study feminine precarious migration paths as places of experience, of learning and self reconstruction. It takes interest in individual transformation dynamics to which it associates the emergence of subjective postures and, more precisely, those of a cultural subject. Our intention relies on an epistemology focused on the individual and its socio-cultural and political spaces of action and self construction. We have thus chosen the biographical research in education as well as the sociological perspective of The Chicago School. They have brought on a qualitative methodology of data collection and analysis, helping us to focus on singular speeches, expressing migration as a subjective experience. Precarious migration paths thus appear as projects of self, where the cultural takes part in the subject’s process of transformation, adaptation and learning, mobilized and organized around a claim of power
Sumic, Zarko. "The concept and feasibility of automated electrical plat design via an intelligent decision support system approach /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/5885.
Повний текст джерелаObase, Paulo Futoshi. "Surtos atmosféricos transferidos à rede secundária via transformador." Universidade de São Paulo, 2004. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/3/3143/tde-08032005-094104/.
Повний текст джерелаLightning discharges are among the main causes of disturbances in electrical systems, causing overvoltages and leading to a significant portion of unscheduled interruptions. Such disturbances are increasingly noticed by consumers, causing from malfunction to the burnt-out of electrical-electronic devices and equipment in homes, businesses and industries. Formerly electromechanical, such devices currently are, in their majority, produced with semiconductors, what makes them more sensitive to interferences. Lightning discharges also present the aggravation of not being recorded in power suppliers databases, but for seldom exceptions, as opposed to switching operations, failures and charge variations in the distribution network. This situation contributes for the increasingly frequent conflicts among consumers and power companies regarding indemnity claims due to damages to electrical devices. Given the subjects significance, many studies have been conducted along the past years, not explaining, however, all the aspects required to minimize those problems. On this work, the amplitudes and waveforms of overvoltages on medium and low voltage lines are evaluated upon the incidence of direct discharges on the primary. The voltages transferred to the low voltage side are also evaluated in case of strikes in the vicinity of the line. The study intends to obtain information in order to achieve a performance improvement of distribution networks and, as a consequence, the reduction of damages to consumers to a minimum. In the simulations conducted through ATP (Alternative Transients Program), lines with typical configurations are considered and models of proven validity are used to represent the low and medium voltage insulators and the distribution transformer. The work analyses the effect of several parameters on the overvoltages, such as amplitude and waveform of the stroke current, lightning strike point, grounding resistance and existence of surge protective devices. The results presented constitute an important foundation to define the installation criteria of surge protective devices on low voltage networks.
Azar, Pascal. "Mécanismes responsables des différences liées au sexe dans la production d'IFNa TLR7-dépendante des cellules dendritiques plasmacytoïdes humaines : implication dans l'infection par le VIH." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016TOU30103.
Повний текст джерелаInfectious and autoimmune diseases affect women and men differently. In general, women develop stronger immune responses and are more susceptible to autoimmunity. Sex-linked differences are observed, in particular, in the innate functions of plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs), which produce large amounts of type I interferon in response to the activation of Toll-like receptor 7 (TLR7) by viral or endogenous RNAs. TLR7 ligands elicit higher frequencies of IFN-alpha producing-pDCs in women than in men. This could be particularly relevant in the context of HIV-1 infection, where gender differences in viral load and disease progression are well established. Our team previously showed that estrogen signaling through estrogen receptor alpha (ERa) positively regulated the TLR-dependent responses of murine pDCs in vitro. Although we showed that estrogen therapy of post-menopausal women enhanced the TLR-mediated responses of pDCs, direct evidence for a role of ER signaling in human pDCs is still lacking. Besides the critical role of estrogens, genetic factors could also contribute to the sex bias in pDCs innate responses. A single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP; c.32A>T; rs179008) of the chromosome X gene encoding TLR7 has been associated with differential susceptibility to infection by HIV-1. This SNP translates into the substitution Gln11Leu in the leader peptide of TLR7, and is more frequently found in women with HIV-1, but not in HIV-1-infected men, relative to healthy controls. It has been suggested that this polymorphism would lead to a loss of function of TLR7, but this has never been directly demonstrated in pDCs, and the relevant mechanisms are not known