Дисертації з теми "Libyan conflict"
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Elmagri, M. I. "The causal factors of interpersonal conflict in the Libyan cement industry." Thesis, University of Salford, 2014. http://usir.salford.ac.uk/31158/.
Повний текст джерелаKaabur, Mohammed Mohammed. "Antecedents and consequences of role conflict and role ambiguity in Libyan industrial firms." Thesis, Cardiff University, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.388389.
Повний текст джерелаAbeed, Manal. "News representation in times of conflict : a corpus-based critical stylistic analysis of the Libyan Revolution." Thesis, University of Huddersfield, 2017. http://eprints.hud.ac.uk/id/eprint/34536/.
Повний текст джерелаAbusrewel, Fatma. "An investigation of the experiences of newly graduated English Language Teachers (ELT) in their first years in Libyan schools : a case study in post-conflict Tripoli." Thesis, University of Huddersfield, 2014. http://eprints.hud.ac.uk/id/eprint/24333/.
Повний текст джерелаMarshall, Eireann Alexandra Catherine. "Images of ancient Libyans." Thesis, University of Exeter, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.367980.
Повний текст джерелаBasic, Alija. "Libya: a contemporary conflict in a failing state." Thesis, Monterey, California: Naval Postgraduate School, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/45160.
Повний текст джерелаThe Arab Spring spread throughout the Middle East and North Africa, and what started in hope quickly devolved into struggles for formal and informal power. Violence in Libya was intensified by institutions’ inabilities to maintain governance, contain violence, and quell the rise of armed groups. Power in Libya is in constant contention by opportunistic tribal and regional militias, Islamist groups, and government and military power brokers. Libya is on the verge of becoming a failed state; allowing Libya to fail will have local, regional, and international repercussions. The challenge is to understand why the loosely formed alliances between government and tribal, regional, and Islamist militias are falling apart. The introduction of the Islamic State in Libya increases the urgency for these disparate groups to resolve their differences. This thesis concludes that Gaddafi nurtured a sentiment of distrust between the people, Islamists, and government institutions. This trust deficit in post-revolutionary Libya has stymied cooperation and progress. Any meaningful solutions will have to address the core issue of social trust, the emergence of the Islamic State, and economic weakness before reconciliation or reforms can occur.
Kersten, Mark. "Justice in conflict : the ICC in Libya and Northern Uganda." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2014. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/3147/.
Повний текст джерелаKhalil, Zeinab. "L'Internet politique au Liban : vers un nouvel espace de conflit ?" Grenoble, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010GRENL011.
Повний текст джерелаTraboulsi, Fawwaz. "Identités et solidarités croisées dans les conflits du Liban contemporain." Paris 8, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA080847.
Повний текст джерелаThe aim of this thesis is to study the effects of two forms of identification and solidarity, the sects and the classes, in the conflicts of contemporary lebanon. Succeeding to a section on methodology dealing with the concepts of sect, clientelism and class, is one which traces the emergence of the sectarian phenomenon, the formative phases of the lebanese entity and the ascent to power of the commercial-financial oligarchy. A chapter is devoted to the thought of michel chiha (1891-1954), leading ideologue of free trade and secterianism, another deals with the problematic of the state submitted to the "double bind" of sect and class, a third analyses the social crisis and the social movements on the eve of the war. The third and last section on the civil war analyses the projects of society of the protagonists, the "mafian" features of militian power and concludes with a survey of the mecanisms and rituals of violence. The conclusion, which highlights the explosive factor of class frustations imbedded in sectarian politics, poses a number of questions and challenges facing the process of peace, reconstruction, democracy and secularism in post-war lebanon
Muqallad, Muḥammad ʿAlī. "Poesie et conflits ideologiques au liban entre 1967 et 1984." Paris 4, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA040299.
Повний текст джерелаChaddad, Rihad Colin Jean-Pierre. "La résistance nationale contre l'occupation étrangère cas du Liban /." Reims : [s.n.], 2008. http://scdurca.univ-reims.fr/exl-doc/GED00000954.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаJarade, Amine Youssef. "Troubles agraires et conflits entre communautés dans la première moitié du XIXe siècle au Mont-Liban." Grenoble 2, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991GRE29014.
Повний текст джерелаThis thesis is written in four parts. - the first part studies the historical evolution of mount lebanon during the ottoman emire; the principal religions communities as well as the characteristics of the "feudal" system in operation in this country. - the second part is devoled to a long historical period during wich mount lebanon saw two different rules under the direct authority of their amirs; that of the ottoman pachas up until 1831 and that of the viceroy of egypte en syria (1832-1840). This part studies the experience of the lebanese lebanese population under these two rules as well as that under their direct leaders. - the third part (1841-1845) analyses the circunstances whic led to the discontent, conflict and division of the lebanese highland population. It examines the causes of the denominational crises; the characteristics of both the maronite drize caimacamats as well as the ottoman reforms. - in the last part the resultats of the application of the ottiman reforms, the impact of the west on mount lebanon, the revolt of the christian peasants of kesrouane (1859-1860). The denominational crisis of 1860 as well as the french expedition to syria and its consequences in that country are studied
Jouni, Hassan. "Le droit international humanitaire dans les conflits contemporains au Liban." Montpellier 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996MON10010.
Повний текст джерелаSalām, Nawāf. "Conflits et perceptions politiques dans le Liban contemporain : [thèse soutenue sur un ensemble de travaux]." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992IEPP0003.
Повний текст джерелаENNA, ANTEA. "Riduzione del rischio di conflitto tra teoria e pratica: il caso studio libanese. Una strategia per prevenire una destabilizzazione socio-economica in Medio Oriente." Doctoral thesis, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10280/78877.
Повний текст джерелаThis research aims at defining the concept of Conflict Risk Reduction and providing a Conflict Risk Management Strategy. The purpose is to contribute to the Peace research and Conflict Studies field by offering a conflict risk-based prevention approach. The methodology used in this study is of interdisciplinary nature. This, in subsequence allowed me to apply the case study approach to validate the analytical created framework and to perform prolonged fieldwork employing anthropological tools. The Lebanese case represents a rich field for these research purposes due to its recent conflict history that crucially marked the country and its consequences that are still fathomable today in addition to the current pressure circumstances. Indeed, the Syrian crisis and the massive refugee flows have a significant impact on Lebanon leading to several waves of violence. The country’s history of conflict and migration, the economic and social grievances and the misperception among Lebanese and Syrian refugees constitute the base for a high risk of micro conflicts in Lebanon. Considering the practical aim of this work which focuses on Conflict Risk Disaster Management strategy, a programmatic analysis will be provided, taking into account the best practices implemented by International Organisations and NGOs.
Saleh, Muman Helal Salem. "A model for assessing the framing of narratives in conflict interpreting : the case of Libya." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2018. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/8279/.
Повний текст джерелаSobh, Ali. "Le Sud-Liban et les conflits du Proche Orient : 1948-1986." Toulouse 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989TOU10026.
Повний текст джерелаSeveral studies have been devoted to the middle east conflict. The present one is a tentative analysis of the conflict and its development in south Lebanon. This region, from 1967, has become the priviledged ground of the middle east conflicts. Actually, the european mandate powers, after the collapse of the ottoman empire, divided the middle east into several small states. On its side, the hebrew state of Israel has asserted its power in front of the different arab states, and this on the occasion of the successive armed conflicts of 1948, 1956, 1967, 1973. On pretended security grounds, Israel started an interventionist policy in Lebanon from 1967. At this date the south Lebanon region became the drill ground of the israeli army. From 1977 Israel has maintained relations with certain lebanese factions so as to cope with an arabo-islamic environment. The invasion of Lebanon in 1982 was to constitute the crowning point of this policy. Radical mutations followed in Lebanon as well as in Israel. The present study endeavours to analyse the different Israeli interventions in south Lebanon, their modalities, their political, economic, social effects in Lebanon, Israel and among Palestinians
Sadaka, Georges. "Radio et guerre : le rôle de la radio dans les conflits du Liban." Paris 2, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA020079.
Повний текст джерелаDiab, Nasri Antoine. "Les régles libanaises et françaises de détermination du tribunal internationalement compétent : convergences et divergences." Paris 2, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA020038.
Повний текст джерелаThe determining of the internationally appropriate lebanese fortum is submitted to rules very close, by their content, to the french rules, this relationship going back to the french "mandate" on lebanon and to the leading role of french jurisconsults in the drafting of the main lebanese codes still in force. But lebanese law of international jurisdiction has not completely put aside the ottoman legacy and has some features due to the sectarian sociological shape of the country. The french influence shows its effects in the regulation methods as well as in the sources of the rules : if, in this matter, french law follows precedent, lebanese law is entirely codified, but both distinguish internal territorial jurisdiction rules extended to private international law from purely international rules. The study of the similarities and differences of the two systems is the sole means likely to clarify the matter under lebanese law
Lteif, Hoda. "La médiation et l'entreprise au Liban." Thesis, Paris 11, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA111001.
Повний текст джерелаThe thesis on mediation and the enterprise in Lebanon analyzes a topic that has neverhas never been the subject of a systematic study to date. The objective of this thesis is to clarify and highlight the potential benefits of mediation in Lebanon and to demonstrate its usefulness to the business enterprise. The question, “is mediation a management tool at the service of an enterprise and its particularities in Lebanon” has always fascinated me by virtue of my enthusiasm for the topic derived primarily from my professional experience acquired over twenty five years of working in human resources. During that period, I often had to play the informal role of a mediator without actually having been conscious of that fact or having actually acquired the professional training to do so. Also, since this subject is in its infancy in Lebanon, it was necessary to solicit the opinions and the perspectives of judges, mediators, as well as professionals from other companies on the concept of mediation. The purpose of mediation is not only to solve individual and group conflicts at the workplace, but to also help shape employer-employee labor relations. I hope that my research can provide insight on the benefits of mediation as a management tool in the service of the Company in Lebanon, one that helps minimize the reliance of these companies on litigation to help resolve their labor differences and enhance the relationship among the employees for the optimal productivity
Chaddad, Rihad. "La résistance nationale contre l'occupation étrangère : cas du Liban." Reims, 2008. http://theses.univ-reims.fr/exl-doc/GED00000954.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаA state of war generated by the incessant Israeli-Palestinian conflict since the creation of the State of Israel in 1948 has weighed heavily on the entire Middle East and transformed the region into a powder keg. Involved in the heart of the Arab-Israeli conflict because of its geographical location, Lebanon has become a ground for competing interests of its neighbors’: Israelis, Palestinians and Syrians. The invasion and occupation of Lebanon in 1982 by Israeli troops led the Lebanese national resistance, led by the party of God (Hezbollah) who is accused of terrorist by the USA and Israel with the attacks of September 11 2001. To study and interpret the topic of national resistance against foreign occupation is trying to talk about the Arab-Israeli conflict and the contribution of the Palestinian refugee issue and the military presence of Syria taking into account the progress events and challenges that have revealed a significant change on the Lebanese political scene as the assassination of former Prime Minister Rafic Hariri and the war of thirty-three days during the summer of 2006 between Israel and Hezbollah, which gave the political crisis this country a dimensional aspect
Bonte, Marie. "Beyrouth, états de fête : géographie des loisirs nocturnes dans une ville post-conflit." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017GREAH035.
Повний текст джерелаThis PhD thesis deals with Beirut’s nightscape and nightlife. These are narrowly defined as the spaces occupied by bars, pubs, and nightclubs as well as a range of practices and sociabilities ascribed to them. They bring a range of stakeholders concerned by the production and the regulation of nightlife together. In this research, I adopt a decentered point of view and subscribe to the recent field including the night into geographical studies. I focus on an analysis of the recreational uses of Beirut’s nightscape through the lens of Lebanon’s post-conflict situation, including moral, social and political challenges. This framework takes into account problematics linked to the night in the light of the post-conflict situation, which allows me to define a situation in which dynamics inherited from different war times are still present, merging with new practices and processes. The two-way relationship between nightlife and the post-conflict city means that the post-conflict situation shapes the offer, behaviors and representations. In return, Beirut’s nightscape is a scene where legacies, uncertainties and possibilities can be expressed and read. This study is based on qualitative research combining field observations and interviews. Beirut’s nightlife is analyzed through three approaches to the concept of space. First, the urban space made up of nightlife venues; second, the social space of relationships between stakeholders ; and third, the political space of claims and transgressions. These three levels are considered through the key concepts of field, world and ethos in both social and spatial terms
El, Khoury Antoine. "La crise de 1982 au miroir de la Guerre Civile et les interventions étrangères au Liban (1975-1990)." Thesis, Rennes 2, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014REN20055.
Повний текст джерелаThis thesis focuses on the Lebanese events which led to the Lebanese crisis of 1982 and theconsequences that gushed up till the signing of the Taif Agreement. This work of research constitutes, in the first place, the object of a study of the direct and indirect causes which is accompanied by an array of actors, internal and external, involved in this event, and the role played by each of them in this crisis. All these lead to a further reflection of the year 1982, during which the Israeli army invaded Lebanon and besieged the capital of the country of cedars. This reflection is developed during the role and responses of major powers in Lebanon during the operation of 1982, and more widely during the Civil War, without omitting the consequences that this military action had on the Israelis and Palestinians, especially those inLebanon. Following this operation, Lebanon enters a new phase of its crisis; Muslim and Christian militias are fighting each other; the country was left to its fate despite some attempts at reconciliation in Geneva and Lausanne. This analysis ended by a detailed outcome of the period leading to the end of the war, in the presence of General Aoun in the authority and his military adventures, which ended with the signing of the Taif accord. The latter is a foreign fabrication established by Lebanese tools that marks the end of fighting and, officially, the end of the Lebanese civil war. Lebanon has, from that time, to rebuild
Ingels, Christophe. "L'administration libanaise au sortir du conflit civil : permanence de l'enjeu politique partisan et impératifs fonctionnels de la reconstruction à portée nationale." Aix-Marseille 3, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999AIX32023.
Повний текст джерелаThe study of the lebanese state and its administration, following the end of the civil war, is a matter of importance for those who pay an interest in the general and multi-levelled recomposition process of this middle-eastern country. Historically speaking, the lebanese administration was at stake for the political elites who tried to take a personal advantage out of the growing significance of its resources, particularly in the field of development policies. After the civil war, the new political elites show the same great concern about the state's resources brought along with the reconstruction public policies, hindering by their partisanship attitudes the potential effects of the programme as well as the reform process of the administration
Tarabay, Rima. "Pour un projet sociétal libanais. L’environnement durable, une nouvelle citoyenneté ?" Thesis, Paris 4, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA040273/document.
Повний текст джерелаLebanon is a Small country situated between Syria and Israel, it’s surface of 10 452km2 with 225 km of Mediterranean coastline and an average of 50 km of width inland. It is acountry of cultural and religious diversity with 18 religious communities fated to coexisttogether in a geographical environment that is as diverse and full of contrast. Its contemporaryhistory has been particularly violent with a fifteen year civil war dominating the country’simage and reputation. The confessional political system based on power-sharing between thecommunities institutionalised the sectarian divisions and prevented the emergence of aLebanese national identity. While most party political programmes emphasise the separateidentities and fails to suggest a common social project, we propose that an issue likesustainable environment could be the basis of a social contract, which will federate and bringtogether the interests of the various communities. Environmental pollution and degradationbecame a concrete reality in the summer of 2006, after the Israeli bombardment of the powerplant at Jiyeh in south Lebanon. The Oil Spill resulting from that spread all over the regionand did not spare any community. While history memory and politics divide the Lebanesealong communal lines, will these communities who failed to build a nation be capable to savea deteriorated environment? This common Geographical collective memory and the instinct topreserve it could be the engine to build a future based on sustainable development. The newgeneration is at the centre of this research. Analysis of the results of the 1434 questionnairesdistributed to primary students in both public and private school is the tool to measure thesensitivity of the young generation towards the issues of environment and pollution. One ofthe objectives of this study is to develop and implement an awareness raising program ofenvironmental education in schools. The program would be elaborated taking intoconsideration key psychological indicators. The results of the survey and the ecologicalvillage project which was started in parallel with the thesis have validated the hypothesis andthe findings of this work. In spite of the Utopian charachter of the hypothesis it is clearlydemonstrated here that while the people are many, the territory is one!
Al, Zubia Salem. "La mobilité d'étudiants libyens en France : relever le défi de l'altérité - un pari impossible ? une approche quantitative et exploratoire." Thesis, Besançon, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015BESA1020.
Повний текст джерелаOur research deals with the Libyan students’ mobility, but this study differs from the usual student studies due to the nature of its sample and the objectives of this mobility. Indeed, our sample is composed of professors (in different areas) who have resumed studies, a growing number of non-specialists in French who have never studied this language before, and finally the very nature of this mobility is intriguing because these professors have moved with their families. We are talking about the specificities of the Libyan students’ mobility. Through a thorough study, the work focuses on the journey of these students 'special needs'. Indeed this work is to measure the extent of the culture shock experienced by these very students. The analysis shed light on the dynamics of their representations. The encounter with other students revealed our own students many realities about themselves during their time at universities. Our students who also have developed strong resistance home about Western identities nourished by an omnipresent identity shield face challenges and have to debunk some misinterpretations. Although the factors influencing on the social background are important, we were able to identify the most important ones for our respondents. The study also emphasizes on the flaws of the Libyan education system, and the Libyan educational policies in general, characterized by a lack of global vision and partial decision making. The result of this study can contribute to better preparation for Libyan students who want to study abroad and also to suggest that more intercultural awareness must be taken into consideration when it comes to students’ mobility
Hage, Ibrahim. "Le confessionnalisme politico-éducatif au Liban : son influence sur la vie sociale, sur les conflits intérieurs, y compris sur l'éclatement de la guerre (1943-1975)." Paris 5, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA05H019.
Повний текст джерелаFrom hundred and fifty years, the Lebanon state is broken in an old problem : the confessionalism. This one is present in all the state's institutions, among them, it choosed two : politic and education. The political confessionalism lies in the fact that each community, independently from the others hold the different powers, so the power of the state is extremely annihilated as it is difficult to distinguish between powers of each one. The educational confessionalism, as for it, results from the will of each community to assert its identity though its own school, for the unique mean to retain the power if you have it (or to reach it if you have'nt) is to shape the young men as community's sons rather than as nation's ones. But the educational confessionalism operates on relations between citizens: to know the confession of your partner becomes necessary for whatever communication: without that each project or experience will meet failure. Finally, with its closed characteristics, the political and educational confessionalism leads to as much institutional as mental fixity. That is one among the mean obstacles for any movement in Lebanese society, and one among the mean causes of the break-out of war
El-Debs, Joumana. "De la nécessité de l'O. N. U. Dans le règlement des conflits : le cas du Liban." Paris 5, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA05D020.
Повний текст джерелаAbdallah, Mohammad. "La crise de la coexistence islamo-chrétienne au Liban, 1920-1985." Paris 7, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA070037.
Повний текст джерелаAbdel-Halim, Mohammed Gamal. "L'Egypte et le conflit israélo-arabe 1973-1983." Paris 10, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA100196.
Повний текст джерелаIn this study, we are interested of the Egyptian positions towards the conflict israeli-arabic. First: we are analyzed the internal political system, then the political conduct towards this conflict. In this study we have two periods: the period of Sadate (1973 - 1981) and the period of Moubarak (1981 - 1983). This study (1973 - 1983) is marked by - the war of October 1973. - Sadat’s initiative of peace (November 1977). - The agreements of Camp David (1978). - The death of Sadate (October 1981) and the succession of Moubarak in power. - The liberation of Sinai (April 1982). - The military interference of Israel in Lebanon (June 1982). - The visit of Arafat for Cairo (December 1983)
Abi, Khalil Cléa. "Conflits et enjeux des échelles d’aménagement territoriales, le cas de la future autoroute arabe au Liban." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SACLD006.
Повний текст джерелаLebanon, a Near Eastern country that is known for its small size and the importance of its geographic location, is in need of an efficient sector of transportation for its economic development. Undergoing a complex development, Lebanon exhibits an emblematic situation at the level of its highway network. In fact, highways, which were devised in the global interest of providing comfort and mobility, alter and remodel our cities to generate an urban form that is no longer concerned with the human scale, the human being itself, or its physical and mental health. The scale of gigantic highways overrides geographic censorship to cause polymorphic interruptions directly related to residents living nearby and to their landscape views.My case study constitutes a section of the Pan-Arab Highway, that is yet to be built and that has sparked debate since the 1960s. With the intention of connecting Beirut to Damascus, this Highway should cut across villages with suburban landscapes. If this Highway were to be built, it would risk ruining the landscape perceived and inhabited by residents and would exceed its functional dimension, causing a social, economic, environmental and territorial disturbance…To what extent could a consent to innovative planning instruments, political expertise, as well as a new form of governance fix the different urban, landscape and social disturbances in the quarters affected by the new Highway? Could an incorporated (landscape and/or urban) policy contribute to the requalification of spaces created by and around this Highway?Within the framework of this thesis, our work draws on comparative studies tackling the highways subject. The research methodology will be outlined according to 4 main axes: historical background, public policy managing territorial layout projects in Lebanon, mapping study and social study based on surveys within the area of study.Among the most alarming results, we point out, on one side, the lack of coherence between the different actors, as well as the lack of local awareness and education among the concerned locals, where urban governance operates by adopting a “top-down” approach. On the other, we also noticed the abundance of quantitative and qualitative nuisances in the studied zones, as well as the different polymorphic ruptures (geographic-spatial, social-mental, economic and environmental…) triggered by the currently existing highways and might be caused by the future Pan-Arab Highway. All these realities impose a new vision, an orientation towards intelligent planning, where a person has the right to act and contribute efficiently to the generation of their city, and where a smooth connection and natural systems are respected and local economy is supported, in order to establish a city that is more sustainable. Finally, we also highlight the utility of an adaptable, resilient and contextualized territorial planning for the sake of protecting the features of each territory to which a human being feels a sense of belonging
Jomaa-Raad, Wafa. "La question de l'intégration syro-libanaise." Caen, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001CAEN1348.
Повний текст джерелаLeroy, Didier. "La résilience islamique au Liban: contribution à l'étude de l'évolution idéologique et structurelle du Hezbollah." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/210071.
Повний текст джерелаDoctorat en Sciences politiques et sociales
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Navaruckis, Mantas. "Libijos ginkluoto konflikto (2011-2012) tarptautiniai teisiniai aspektai." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2013. http://vddb.laba.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2013~D_20130205_094951-08653.
Повний текст джерелаFollowing master thesis analyses international legal aspects of the armed conflict in Libya (2011 – 2012). The goal of the graduation paper is to evaluate Libyan armed conflict in terms of international law. In the first chapter, the timeline of Libyan armed conflict is discussed. The main roots of conflict and the chronological events are also included into this chapter. Libyan armed conflict legal analysis emphasizes the suppression of the rebellion. The most important issue is stressed to be the violations of international law. Second chapter overviews the multifaceted progression of the Libyan armed conflict. The transformation of Libyan armed conflict is estimated according to international humanitarian law and case law. The applicability of international law norms is also the subject of this chapter. The third states intervention into existing armed conflict is prerequisite for the legal status changes of the parties. In the third chapter the main issues of humanitarian intervention are discussed. According to the legal analyses of the United Nations resolutions, the main problems of humanitarian intervention in Libya are identified and suggestions are presented. In the fourth chapter international crimes committed by parties are overviewed. International crimes committed by parties are estimated according to the Rome Statute of International Criminal Court. International criminal responsibility issues are also included into this chapter. The main sources, used in the... [to full text]
Kalifa, Osama. "La protection des enfants pendant les conflits armés : Étude comparative entre le droit international et le droit Libyen." Thesis, Toulon, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018TOUL0121/document.
Повний текст джерелаThe protection of children during armed conflict - Comparative study between international law and Libyan lawChildren are a vulnerable group in society and as such they require special protection, especially in times of armed conflict where their rights may be violated, whether they belong to the civilian population or they are militarily involved in armed conflict. This protection is a recent problem and remains more than ever current. It raises the question of what is the purpose of the specificity announced to the extent that there is already a general protection of civilians. Must we then understand that the latter is insufficient to protect children in war situations? Also, does the general as well as the specific protection applied to children vary according to whether the armed conflict is international or non-international? All of these questions will be the subject of the first part of the thesis entitled: « The protection of civilian children in times of armed conflict ».The second part of the thesis on « The protection of child soldiers in times of armed conflict » examines the legal consequences of the participation of children in hostilities. And in this context, whether these children captured by the enemy will get the status of prisoner of war and whether they will be criminally prosecuted in case of commission of war crimes. The other issue raised in this section is the responsibility of the State, the group, the individual, who recruits children for use in armed conflict, despite their commitment not to do so. . The case of Libya appears here the most indicated; indeed, the country has dealt with these issues in its legislation which however presents flaws that we highlight, especially since in that state broke out in February 2011 a war where are recruited and used children
Bou, Dagher Edmond. "La citoyenneté Libanaise aux prises avec les médias, nouveaux et traditionnels, face aux conflits religieux et communautaires ; une amplification ou une réduction des fractures ?" Thesis, Toulon, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018TOUL0001.
Повний текст джерелаThe title of our thesis is: “The Lebanese citizenship grappling with the new and traditional Medias, facing religious and community conflicts; amplifications or reductions of fractures?” Our thesis in the first place is a question asked about multiculturalism which constitutes the Lebanese society, specifies it, and represents sociocultural and sociopolitical wealth which interests the Information and Communication Sciences. The Audiovisual and Electronic Media (Web Sites, Electronic Newspapers, Internet Blogs, etc.) will be the source likely to feed all these cultural, political, economic, ethnic and religious faces.Since a long time, the Lebanese politically confessional reality is more or less impregnated by the traditional Media, and recently the new Media or Web Sites.The Lebanese structure of citizenship would be based in priority on four fundamental conditions: Community, Media, Citizen and State. The Lebanese Citizen belongs by nature to a community in which he is bound to others by bonds of religion which gives the Lebanese a particular feeling of identity. Thereby, the religious community, always seeks to defend itself and to express itself in order to preserve its existence and its continuity, and this is done by the Media: each community has its own media, which is its spokesperson. Thus, the community mediatized with all its rites and political-community convictions occupy the forefront of Lebanese concerns. While the principles of citizenships and state for a large number of Lebanese occupy the secondary rank.It is in this area that we will analyze during our research the contemporary face of public opinion possibly enlightened by the new technology of communication, the opinion mediatized as well as the politico-social vision presented by the daily newspapers
Bou, Aoun Melynda. "Le mariage en droit libanais : étude de droit international privé." Thesis, Paris 2, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA020068.
Повний текст джерелаIn the Lebanese pluralist legal system marriage and personal status matters fall exclusively within the competence of the eighteen religious communities which have real power of jurisdiction and legislation in this area. However, the legislator allowed the Lebanese to escape the religious laws applicable locally by celebrating a civil marriage abroad. This marriage is recognized in Lebanon and is subject in full to the foreign civil law chosen indirectly by the parties. That is the liberalism of private international law for marriage which assigns an important role to the spouses’ autonomy and freedom of choice. Yet this liberalism is not unconditional and takes no effect unless the parties have not concluded a religious marriage. Private International laws become even imperialistic when they ensure the exclusive application of religious laws each time a religious marriage takes place. This is the reason why private international laws of marriage oscillate between liberalism and imperialism, and thus reveal the paradox of the Lebanese matrimonial system. This thesis is an in depth study of the terms of this paradox in all its nuances and it aims to determine respectively the competence area of civil and religious laws to better understand how they articulate with each other in marriage conflicts. Also, it examines alternative solutions to the actual system in order to improve the regulations that are applicable to marriage in Lebanon
Abu, Sbeit Mohamed. "L'image du Liban dans la presse écrite française : une étude analytique de trois quotidiens parisiens et de leurs attitudes vis-à-vis du Liban." Paris 7, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA070001.
Повний текст джерелаAThe purpose of this research is to analyze the contents of three parisian newspapers (le Figaro - le Monde - Liberation) in order to know their attitudes towards the events that occured in lebanon betwen 1982 and 1986. The most important events during this periode are the following : - the israeli invasion of Lebanon and its consequences 1982-1983. - the lebanese conflict or the civil war (1983-1985). -the french hostages (1985-1986). This research includes three principal studies : -form analysis or a study of the news structure (headlines, leads location of the news in the papers, front page, volume occupied by the lebanese information and the information sources). -thematic analysis of the contents of each newspaper. -affective stimulation analysis (terminological study or study of the vocabulary used)
Mirman, Yves. "Des engagements à l'épreuve du temps : la cause des disparus au Liban, 2011-2018." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019AIXM0030.
Повний текст джерелаThis thesis describes commitments to the cause of the disappeared in Lebanon, disappearances (kidnapping, murder, detention) occurred during the Lebanese civil war (1975-1989) and the military occupations that followed. Some families of missing persons, mostly women, have been publicly committed since the 1980s to finding them, to designate responsibilities, to have their own rights heard. They allied with various actors, and their mobilizations have been embedded in the political space, where few policies focus on post-conflit resolution. These activists have forged a common cause over the years despite the fragmentation of the cases, their parents’ intimate problems and the political constraints for their struggle. The shrinking number of activists did not kill the cause but the test of time has transformed the logics of collective action. Through legal tools, memorial work and “sensitizing devices”, they sought to raise public awareness on their suffering, but also to fight against forgetfulness about the conflict and to obtain justice. Observing their activities and their testimonies between 2011 and 2018 enabled measurement of the effects of their action on their cause and on their commitment. Their telling the story of past crimes through the formulation of a problem of general amnesia did not always enabled a clear designation of responsible parties. The public remembrance of the disappeared and the legal proceedings brought by their cause-lawyers have both given rise to emotional and strategic dilemmas. In the light of the study of these mobilizations, I eventually intend in this thesis to contribute to a sociology of post-conflict politics in Lebanon
El, Sabri Saada. "Le rôle de l'institution militaire dans la transition politique en Libye." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017USPCB229.
Повний текст джерелаThe nature of the role played by military institutions in democratic states differs from that one played in developing States and / or those in times of political transition. In the first case, military institutions have a professional role of protecting the state against external aggression. Whereas in the second case, the military institution goes beyond its professional tasks until intervention on the political scene via direct or indirect military power. Taking into account the fact that the military institution in the second category of countries does not always trust the democratic regime, often considered as a threat to national security, the requirement of democracy therefore remains in permanent postponement. The academic debate on the relationship between democracy and the arrival of the military in power has increased since the start of the Arab Spring revolutions, although the question of transition itself has been at the center of political research since the the 1960s and 70s. People are seeking democratic regimes based on law, citizenship, respect for human rights and freedoms, and pursuing development policies to benefit the poor before the other rich. However, a new problem arose; How to find a suitable formula for the place of the Army in the new democratic regimes. How can we control the growing role of the military institution without exposing the State to the danger of internal division or aggression from outside? This research focuses on civil-military relations in Libya and the role of the military institution in the political transitions that the country has undergone since independence, as well as the historical, economic, geopolitical and social factors that have perfumed these relations by the Libyan peculiarity. Moreover, since 2014, during the Libyan national dialogue between hostile parties, the question of the military institution posed real obstacles to a national consensus, because the parties were, and still are, divided around the article 8, concerning the Army in the signed draft of the consensus. In this context, the problem of study revolves around a general question; to what extent can the military institution allow or contribute to a transition to a democratic regime based on pluralism and not tribalism or Libya ?
Ghajar, Chadi. "Les effets des collecticiels sur les relations sociales au travail : le cas libanais." Besançon, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008BESA1026.
Повний текст джерелаThe usage of groupware (software used by groups) has spread in all economic activities causing profound changes on three levels: organization, professionalism and relations. Our study, took place in Lebanon, aiming to observe, describe and analyze the effects of groupware on different domains: exert of power, types of communication, collaboration, resistance to change, etc. We have attempted to explore and to illustrate this phenomenon in two parts. The first consists of an inventory of existent literature. It builds a theoretical frame by emphasizing on basic concepts of organizations sociology and by exposing some researches on groupware in Europe and the United States. The second presents the results of our empirical study performed on 158 users in eight Lebanese organizations. The main instruments used for data collection are document analysis, interviews and observation in situ
Matzner, Sissela Hannah. "Politics of intervention : political parties' national roles conceptions in foreign policy narratives on military intervention in ongoing conflict - France, Germany and Libya 2011." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/33279.
Повний текст джерелаChoueiri, Raja. "Le Liban entre "territorialisme" et "diasporisation" : pour une géographie politique et culturelle du Pays des Cèdres." Paris 4, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA040083.
Повний текст джерелаZreik, Saba. "Conventions réglementées et intérêt social en droit comparé (Liban, France, USA)." Thesis, Paris 2, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA020027/document.
Повний текст джерелаThe corporate interest is the main reason behind the regulation of related party transactions. Its limits are defined by similar interests and the personal interest embodied in these transactions. The inter-action of these conflicting interests may harm the company. The existence of a conflict and of its justification may be presumed. The corporate interest is from now on that of the enterprise seen within its wide economic context and the interest of a group of companies is distinctively acknowledged. The qualification of those transactions helps identify those that are subject to scrutiny. The protection of the corporate interest is achieved by the prevention of the conflicts of interests through the disclosure of the personal interest. This disclosure triggers the concerned corporate bodies’ evaluation process. Legislative and jurisprudential guarantees ensure the predominance of the corporate interest through limitations on the exercise of certain rights and a strict judicial enforcement of legal duties laid on the interested party. The fraudulent transaction is void. The unauthorized one that is damaging to the company is voidable and its consequences are assumed by the interested party who may be exposed to civil and, sometimes, criminal liability. The comparison of the treatment of this subject in the Lebanese, French and American legal systems revealed the weaknesses in the first two; amendment proposals are made
Rappolt, Axel. "Les armes aussi bien des milices locales que des contingents étrangers n'apportent aucune solution aux problèmes intérieurs du Liban de 1975 à 1986 : vers une solution fédérale de type onusien d'états typiquement ethniques." Paris 1, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990PA010302.
Повний текст джерелаNahlawi, Yasmine Khaled. "The responsibility to protect : an examination of host and third-state obligations in preventing and reacting to mass atrocity crimes in light of the Libyan and Syrian conflicts." Thesis, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10443/3536.
Повний текст джерелаAndreas, Instebø Jamne. "Can Sectarianism Explain Soft Power Support in ProxyConflicts?" Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för freds- och konfliktforskning, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-446104.
Повний текст джерелаChahine, Chady. "Les enjeux géopolitiques du conflit frontalier des fermes de Chebaa : Du mythe de l'enjeu du partage des ressources hydriques du bassin du Jourdain à la réalité des rivalités du Moyen-Orient contemporain." Thesis, Université Laval, 2011. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2011/28272/28272.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаHaddad, Rayan. "Les processus d'insertion de conflits exogènes dans un espace public communautarisé : captations libanaises des crises du Kosovo, du 11 septembre, d'Afghanistan, et d'Irak." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007IEPP0044.
Повний текст джерелаThis research examines the adaptations of the Lebanese “post-anomic” public sphere to the world political context beyond the Westphalian coordinates. It highlights how the societal sphere of a Weak State deals with cases of “turbulence” emerging from the world scene. More specifically, it identifies the processes through which specific “exogenous” crises are incorporated into the “local” Lebanese debate. The intertwinement of the dynamics of “localization” and “globalization” is here clearly illustrated; but this does not preclude any attempt to assess (on a case by case basis) the relative and differing importance of these dynamics within the interaction. We have hence deemed useful to make a (loose) distinction between two concepts: Lebanese “sensitivity” (designating the “local” relation – not devoid of interest - to certain tumultuous international events) and Lebanese “vulnerability” (referring to the dangerous convulsions in Lebanon’s immediate environment). The former concept is predominantly (and processually) related to an efficient normative activism on the part of identity entrepreneurs in the “public sphere” (affected by a simultaneous crisis of state and civil society). The latter concept is foremost the consequence of the interplay of “geopolitical forces” that are not guided in their policy-making by considerations pertaining to fundamental human rights in the Middle East nor to the future of the region’s peoples. The two abovementioned concepts follow intertwined dynamics that we attempt to identify and explain through the analysis of the representations and the policies of various actors at the local and global levels
Doual, Tassoum L. "Les mutations socio-économiques et la situation des femmes au Tchad pendant la guerre civile." Paris 7, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA070072.
Повний текст джерелаThe aim of this thesis is to study the social economical mutation and the situation of the women of chad during the civil war. The first part of the work is focus on the precolonial economical system. This analyse makes it possible to emphasize on the role of the family basic united of production, to show complementary to between men and women end more to show the important, the role of women in statuts in this society. The taking in to accounted in the second part of the theis of the historical, economical, and the political context premetted to show the mal adjustment of the administration end the economy which generated dumbnesses the handling of these desatisfaction by political men entailed civil war. The end of the second part is the description of women situation after the independance, the general social statuts : dowry, wedding, poligamy, divorce, widowing, and their resistance in an environment in complete mutation. At last, the third part of the work approaches upheaveals occured during the civil war and especially crime and bloody repressions under the hissen habre government. It analyses also the consequences of the civil war : spontaniose, destructuration and restauration. It shoose