Дисертації з теми "Lesser Antilles – West Indies, French"
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Bennett, Zara. "From emancipation to commemoration abolition's affective legacy in France and the Antilles /." Diss., Restricted to subscribing institutions, 2007. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1383469201&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=1564&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
Повний текст джерелаRoades, Heather Nicole. "Species Composition, Relative Abundance, and Habitat Occurrence of Neotropical Migratory Birds Overwintering in Dominica, West Indies." Miami University / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1343956255.
Повний текст джерелаBerry, Anne-Catherine. "Le corps archipélique dans les arts plastiques des Antilles francaises." Thesis, Antilles, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017ANTI0174/document.
Повний текст джерелаThe French West Indies constructs a context which has to be apprehended from different characteristics: a geological and geographical approach, as well as a historical, economic, geopolitical, ethnic, linguistic, cultural and magico-religious approach. A resonance emanates from this place which is felt in the plastic arts: fragment and incompleteness.The approaches of six artists involved in this study subscribe to this insular context. They transpose into their works, according to different modalities, the problems that concern the French West Indies archipelago. Three artists from Guadeloupe: Michel Rovelas, Christian Bracy, François Piquet, and three artists from Martinique: Ernest Breleur, Christian Bertin, Chantal Charron, are studied, and their work analyzed according to their plastic arts, iconic, procedural and semantic information.These plastic artists, who take liberties with respect to the traditional codes of representation, abandon the principle of imitation of reality. They favor an aesthetic of “the fragment” whose generator is “la blès” (wound), the unfathomable historical wound. The archipelagic body, with an insular structure is the object and the subject of expression. It is the metaphorical figure of the Creole world.These “searchers of existence”1 perform a work of memory and identity whose foundations lie in an accumulation of tragic and disturbing facts: slave trade, slavery, the colonial period and departmentalization. It is therefore an incomplete memory that art tends to grasp
Brugneaux, Sophie. "Régulation des communautés algales par les macro-herbivores dans les communautés récifales des Antilles françaises : (Guadeloupe, Martinique, Saint-Barthélémy)." Thesis, Antilles-Guyane, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012AGUY0522/document.
Повний текст джерелаA study of factors influencing the composition and spatial distribution of algal abundance in the French Caribbean reef communities and more specifically in Guadeloupe was conducted. The role of diadema sea urchins was particularly studied. For that, 22 stations in the French Antilles were selected and several indicators tested. After a description of each biotic compartment (algae, herbivore, predators), a search for factors influencing the characteristics of the algal compartment was conducted at three spatial scale, using non-parametric statistical analyses, including canonical correspondence analyses (cca) and redundancy analyses (rda). Then a search for the factors influencing the distribution of diadema sea urchins was also conducted. If the two guilds of herbivores (diadema sea urchin and fish) have a significant impact on the abundance of algal turf, only herbivorous fish was found to have an influence in the reefs of Guadeloupe and that influence was not observed on other algal groups, including phaeophyceae. At the scale of all the islands, the analyses did not enable to show the influence of herbivores in the regulation of algal abundance. The density of sea urchins was found to be low in the studied sites. Several factors likely to influence their distribution in size and their abundance were identified
Liroy, Axel. "Le tourisme des Antilles françaises saisi par le droit économique." Thesis, Université Côte d'Azur, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020COAZ0015.
Повний текст джерелаSubject to a legal multidimensionality – including commerce, competition, taxation, environment, wage system, urban planning, fundamental rights and freedoms, police, folklore and customs valorisation, education, construction –, tourism synergizes public and private activities that are more or less closely related to economics. An ordered subordinate relationship creating barriers, although relatively justified in principle, to direct and free access to trade, frustating the economic player. It is the role of the economic public power. In the French West Indies, it produces a legal protectionism, radiant, variably distant from an economic basis versus a Caribbean more liberal and incomplete, that uses irrevocably distorting effect methods at a regional level, notably connected to economic needs. Propelled in current law practices in regard to their political nationality and inferences – there is a legal filiation between the French West Indies, France and, definetely, the European Union –, across the Caribbean, the French West Indies are marginal. A paradigm shift taken from a decentring movement (“to go out of oneself”) – earns its livelihood from the now globalized and interdependent society urging vulnerable economies to a useful regrouping – which requires surgical-like precision facing the threatening shadow of the French West Indies’ legal identity. This would lead to averting, at least in part, their marginality and, by ricochet, the marginality of their tourism approach. Regional integration, whose contractual formula – an alternative organisational method of the economy – is the figurehead by its force, intensity, diversity, flexibility, and bulkiness, while nowhere near to the panacea, has a decentring effect. It originates from the economic agreement, more accurately from its normative force. Contracted by the economic public entity – the State and/or its territorial dismemberments –, the treaty or international agreement notably refers to the conduct of common policies (e.g. environmental matters), circulatory fluidity and optimization (persons, goods, services), to reducing disparities in development, to protecting competition. Contracted by the private economic player – e.g. the parties to a franchise agreement –, under the guise of pursuing satisfaction of individual interests, it organises economic relations verging on knowledge transfer, co-branding, stimulating supply and demand, decreasing the cost of living through having economies of scale, of scope among other things. If mastered the decentring effect of the regional integration could represent an effective tool for a sustainable economy of the French West Indies’ tourism to a certain extent in the margin of (or, when possible, alternatively to) traditional processes
Tomadini, Noémie. "Hommes et animaux dans les colonies françaises des petites Antilles du XVIIe siècle à la fin du XIXe siècle : changements, résiliences et adaptations mutuelles." Thesis, Paris, Muséum national d'histoire naturelle, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018MNHN0020.
Повний текст джерелаRecent efforts in the archeology of historical periods in the Caribbean allow investigating the daily life of European settlers and servile populations in the French Lesser Antilles. Faunal remains provide an additional insight to textual data to document the adaptation of these newcomers to an insular environment that was unknown to them. The archaeozoological study focused on a set of 27 sites in Guadeloupe, Martinique and Saint-Martin, covering the period of European colonization (first half of the 17th century) to the times that followed the abolition of slavery. Thirteen habitations, twelve urban sites, a lime production workshop and a schooner wreckage yielded a corpus of 18,101 identified remains, which testify to the exploitation of 176 species of vertebrates and invertebrates. Imported species, especially beef, caprines (sheep and goat) and pig, indicate that settlers brought with them European practices. Nevertheless, the presence of 53 species of fish and 90 species of marine invertebrates indicates that colonial populations have been able to exploit the richness of their new environment. The low presence of cod in the assemblages was noted, contrasting with the importance of this taxon suggested by historical sources
Streit, Elisabeth Silvia. "Mycobactérium tuberculosis and non tuberculous Mycobacteria in the French Departments of the Americas and in the Caribbean : studying epidemiological aspects and transmission using molecular tools and database comparison." Thesis, Antilles, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015ANTI0016/document.
Повний текст джерелаThis thesis aims at providing a better understanding of tuberculosis (TB) and non-tuberculousmycobacteria (NTM) in the Caribbean. TB is an ancient scourge of humanity and remains one ofthe deadliest infectious diseases today having claimed around 1.5 million lives in 2013.Understanding the epidemiology of TB is essential for optimizing regional TB control programs. Inthis context, the first part of this work provides long-term data on drug-resistance in Guadeloupe,Martinique and French Guiana as well as an insight in the genetic diversity and drug-resistance ofM. tuberculosis in twelve Caribbean territories. Encouragingly, the results show a gradual decreaseof drug-resistant TB in newly infected patients in Guadeloupe, Martinique and French Guiana. Onthe Caribbean level, distinct differences were observed from one territory to the next and thecurrent epidemiological landscape seems to reflect the historical past of the region.The second part addresses the phylogeny and evolution of M. tuberculosis using various geneticmarkers such as spoligotyping, large sequence polymorphism (LSP), single nucleotidepolymorphism (SNP), and MIRU-VNTRs. The suitability of 12-loci MIRU-VNTR profiles for use inphylogenetic studies was evaluated and it was found that this marker is not only able to resolvethe evolutionary relationships within the M. tuberculosis complex but also allows to achieve ahigher phylogenetic precision than spoligotyping. MIRU-VNTR also permits the identification ofon-going evolution in TB patients (in-patient microevolution) as well as mixed strain infections.Both phenomena were observed in our setting and the respective cases are described herein.Finally, a first insight in the diversity of NTM isolated from clinical specimen in Guadeloupe,Martinique and French Guiana is provided. The isolation frequency of some NTM species variedconsiderably between the three departments, the most striking example being the relativeabundance of M. intracellulare in Guadeloupe. However, no evidence of a privilegedenvironmental niche/infection source on this island could be found. Last but not least, the subjectof NTM identification is addressed in the form of a retrospective evaluation of hsp65-PRA basedidentification in a routine laboratory and in the form of a prospective study towards theimplementation of a MALDI-TOF MS based identification of NTM at the Pasteur Institute ofGuadeloupe
Lastel, Marie-Laure. "Chlordécone et filières animales antillaises : de la distribution tissulaire aux stratégies de décontamination chez les ruminants." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LORR0264/document.
Повний текст джерелаChlordecone (CLD) is a toxic molecule which (i) contaminates more than 15% of agricultural land in Guadeloupe and Martinique islands, (ii) resists to biotic and abiotic degradation, (iii) accumulates along the food chain and whose the disappearance by soil leaching is estimated at several hundred years. The contamination of livestock in polluted areas is a health, social and economic issue. A literature review on CLD revealed a crying lack of information on its behavior in livestock’s organism and currently, there are less than ten studies which deal with livestock’s decontamination. Two experimental protocols were developed to characterize the behavior of CLD in ruminants’ organism and to evaluate methods that can optimize the decontamination processes of these animals. Results showed that all animals have eliminated more than 70% of Chlordecone in 3 to 4 weeks and neither the initial kids’ body fatness nor the addition of activated carbon or the addition of paraffin oil in the diet during the decontamination period altered these rates of excretion. Following these studies, the lipophilic behavior of CLD in animals is, also, questioned because the results showed that the concentrations of this pollutant, expressed on the fat matter basis, were higher in the liver and the muscles than in the peri-renal fat. These results raised new questions: firstly, on the mechanisms which control the CLD tissue distribution and secondly, on the role of the CLD metabolism and its interaction with the entero-hepatic cycle. The understanding of these processes should help to better adjust the decontamination strategies in order to make them more efficient
Imounga, Laure Manuella. "Contexte sanitaire et situation épidémiologique de la Guyane vis-à-vis des cancers : comparaisons infrarégionales, nationales, internationales et Spécificités Gastric cancer incidence and mortality in French Guiana: South American or French ? Incidence and mortality of cervical cancer in French Guiana: temporal and spatial trends." Thesis, Guyane, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020YANE0013.
Повний текст джерелаThe purpose of this study was to know the epidemiological situation of French Guiana with regard to cancer between 2005 and 2014 in terms of incidence and mortality, to study the evolution of these indicators, to compare them with those of mainland France for 2012 in order to highlight the specificities of French Guiana and then compare them with the Antilles and Latin America.The databases of the French Guiana Cancer Registry and CépiDC-INSERM identified 4,392 new cases and 1,305 cancer deaths in French Guiana between 2005 and 2014 and highlighted an excess incidence and mortality in men. The most frequent and fatal cancers in men over the 2005-2014 period, ranked by mortality were: prostate, lung, stomach, liver, colon-rectum and pancreas. In women, the most frequent and fatal cancers were breast, cervix, colon-rectum, lung, ovary, and cancer of the stomach.The analysis of incidence and mortality of all cancers showed that the epidemiological situation between 2005 and 2014 was more favorable overall in French Guiana than in mainland France in 2012. However, cancers and cancer deaths occur much earlier in French Guiana with younger median age of at diagnosis and at death than in France. In addition, the sex ratio was similar for incidence and lower in French Guiana than in France in terms of mortality, i.e. a smaller gap between men and women in French Guiana which suggests a more unfavorable situation among women in French Guiana than in France. Between 2005 and 2014 * (* 2012 for France), the incidence of all cancers declined in men and slightly increased in women in the two territories. Cancer mortality declined in men and slightly increased in women in French Guiana, while incidence and mortality both declined in mainland France. Certain cancers in French Guiana were on the rise compared to France (lung, colon-rectum, breast, thyroid, multiple myeloma and plasmacytoma).Through the spatial analyzes, we were able to show that French Guiana presented municipal disparities. In comparison with France, certain cancers were over-represented in terms of incidence and mortality (prostate, stomach, cervix, multiple myeloma and plasmacytoma with an inversion of the sex ratio for the latter location). The comparative analysis of these cancers with the West Indies and the countries of Latin America has shown similar epidemiological profiles according to the type of cancer and the region of the world considered. French Guiana often has a profile that resembles Latin America for cervical cancer and gastric cancer.These specificities reflect the many particularities of French Guiana: youth, social inequalities, ethnic composition, climate, greater sedentary lifestyle and obesity, lower consumption of alcohol and tobacco, deficiencies ... all factors that shape the risk of cancer.This study is in line with the requirements of the French Cancer Plan and its results could be used to implement actions for the prevention and therapeutic management of cancers in French Guiana. Further studies on the stage at diagnosis and survival of cancers seem important in order to have a broader overview of the epidemiological situation in French Guiana
Berthon, Olivia. "Pratiques de l'installation dans les îles francophones de la Caraïbe." Thesis, Antilles, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020ANTI0604.
Повний текст джерелаMy research focuses on the visual artists' work who practice installation art in the French-speaking Caribbean islands. These islands, composed of the French West Indies (Martinique, Guadeloupe, Saint-Martin as well as their administrative dependencies) and the Republic of Haiti, are lands where encounter, miscegenation and Creolity strengthen the permanent relationship that people have with their different genesis, with multiple ramifications and cross-border origins.In this context, installation art, which is located at an infinity of aesthetic explorations’ confluence, through which rules and forms were definitively questioned during the twentieth century, presents itself in the mode of a multidisciplinary approach that, today, is authoritative in many disciplines. Fruit of encounters, impregnations, it is at the thresholds, at the edge of an infinity of geographical, social, political, cultural borders, where the margin that separates the spectator from the work of art dissolves, becomes darkened, fades and faints. This significant boundaries' dissolution between the arts manifests itself in many fields: installation art is a phenomenon revealing this dissolution which, in the French-speaking Caribbean islands, takes on a specific content.In the archipelago, the border question is omnipresent. It mixes historical, sociological, anthropological, philosophical, cultural, artistic and aesthetic issues. Indeed, a boundary is a composite zone where a set of perennial, life-saving or violent relationships is built between several individuals, several peoples, several states, between different cultures and customs, but also between several landscapes, several textures, several movements and exhalations. These data are variables that are heard in the Caribbean artists' work, that measured and confronts several historical, identity, cultural or institutional spaces. Moreover, the sense of these artists for hybridization, mixing and all forms of impregnation constitutes a powerful and constant breadcrumb, which allows to assert their advertence for a culture of globality, inscribed in parcel spaces
Mary, Sylvain. "Les Antilles, de la colonie au département. Enjeux, stratégies et échelles de l’action de l’État (1944-début des années 1980)." Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SORUL158.
Повний текст джерелаThis PHD analyzes the consequences of the transformation of the French West Indies colonies into “departements”. It is focused on political history and centered on the functioning of the State Administration from a wide and cross-cultural point of view, taking into account the interactions between the State Administration and local players. This PHD is at the crossroads of many historiographic fields such as Colonial History or Cold War History. The originality of this PHD lies in the various scales that it encompasses, making it possible to compare local, regional and world issues over forty years, between the end of War World II and the beginning of the decentralization process in France. The purpose of this PHD is to assess the set of internal and external factors inside the State Administration which have an influence on the chronology of the “departementalization” process. It is also to typify the management of overseas French West Indies initiated by the French state
Louis-Jean, Laurent. "Étude de la pêche artisanale côtière aux filets de fond aux Antilles françaises afin de réduire les captures accidentelles de tortues marines et obtenir une activité plus durable." Thesis, Paris, EPHE, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015EPHE3028/document.
Повний текст джерелаThe national marine turtles recovery plan in FWI was adopted in 2006 by the National council for the nature conservancy. The bottom nets bycatch, i.e. the trammel, folle and gill nets, on the continental shelf are the main threat. Experimental nets with different heights, meshing and incline was compared to professional ones during 226 experimental trials. Trammel net is non selective. Low profile nets maintain a similar productivity and reduce the turtle bycatch. Trammel and folle nets cause more bycatch. The long soak times lead to more than 90 % of turtles mortality and more discards. Each year, about two thousands of turtles would be captured in FWI, with a mortality rate closed to 60 %. The mature turtles were captured during the nesting season and the resident ones are mostly juveniles or sub-adults, because of the local past overexploitation and indicator of non stable populations. The “fishery” threat is particularly important it affect nesting females, best stocks recovery hope. Closely to the marine professionals, the marine turtle and resources protection would be effective thanks to the reduction of the height and soak times nets and the total or partial ban of large meshing size nets
Boisnoir, Aurélie. "Les dinoflagellés benthiques de Guadeloupe et Martinique : distribution et rôle trophique pour la méiofaune." Thesis, Antilles, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018ANTI0246.
Повний текст джерелаThe distribution of benthic toxiï rlinofüeefü1tes is 1111known in (Juadeloupe and Martinique even if at theCaribbean basin spatial scale, those microalgae are responsible for serious poisoning such as ciguatera.During this thesis, the ecology of benthic toxic dinoflagellates μreseul was sLudieJ using: spatio-temporalstudies (Chapters 1, 2, 3) and a trophic ecology approach (Chapter 4).First, 27 sites were explored to describe the spatial distribution of benthic dinoflagellatf's prPsf'nt inGuadeloupe and Martinique (Chapter 1). Only the most abundant macrophytes (biological substrates ofbenthic dinoflagellates) at the different sites were considered. ln this study, 161 samples were analyzed and 7times more taxie benthic dinoflagellates were found in Guadeloupe than in Martinique. The genus Ostreopsisdominated the benthic dinoflagellate community in both islands, although this trend has only rarely beenfound in the Caribbean basin.Then, 3 sites per department were chosen in order to set up a monthly monitoring of benthicdinoflagellates abundances duringl8 months (Chapter 2). The sites selected i) had a high abundance ofbenthic toxic dinoflagellates and ii) were identified as potentially dangerous by the Agence Régionale de laSanté. During this study, 927 samples of macrophytes were analyzed and 5 times more benthic toxicdinoflagellates were found in Guadeloupe than in Martinique. Ostreopsis and Prorocentrum genera dominatedrespectively in Guadeloupe and in Martinique. Two times more Gambierdiscus were found in Martinique thanin Guadeloupe even if Guadeloupe is located in the high prevalence area and this genus being responsible forciguatera. This result suggested that species with different toxicities structured the benthic toxicdinoflagellates community in this area. The abundances of benthic dinoflagellates were little influenced byabiotic parameters (temperature and salinity) but structured by biotic parameters (host macrophytes).Halophila stipulacea an invasive angiosperm in the Lesser Antilles has been identified as promoting thedevelopment of the genus Gambierdiscus.. The distribution of benthic toxic dinoflagellates was also studied according to the depth at 2 sites inGuadeloupe during the dry and the wet seasons (Chapter 3). ln order to avoid bias due to the presence ofdifferent macrophytes, this experiment was conducted only on H. stipulacea constituting mono-specificmeadows along a strong depth gradient. ln this study, the Ostreopsis and Prorocentrum genera were the mostabundant. No influence of the depth was found on total abundance of benthic dinoflagellates; however,Ostreopsis and Gambierdiscus genera were mainly abundant near the surface while the genus Coolia was presentdeeper.The trophic ecology approach focused on the trophic link between taxie benthic dinoflagellates andmeiofauna (Chapter 4). Transfers within the food webs of phycotoxins synthesized by benthic dinoflagellatesare mainly studied in large organisms neglecting smaller ones in direct contact with microalgae. Thisexperimental study, by labeling the microalgae with stable isotopes, focused on harpacticoides copepod andmeasured for the first time their ingestion rates of Amphidinium sp. and Ostreopsis sp.. This studydemonstrated that meiofauna organisms can constitute an input channel of phycotoxins from benthicdinoflagellates in food webs
Mary, Sylvain. "Les Antilles, de la colonie au département. Enjeux, stratégies et échelles de l’action de l’État (1944-début des années 1980)." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SORUL158.
Повний текст джерелаThis PHD analyzes the consequences of the transformation of the French West Indies colonies into “departements”. It is focused on political history and centered on the functioning of the State Administration from a wide and cross-cultural point of view, taking into account the interactions between the State Administration and local players. This PHD is at the crossroads of many historiographic fields such as Colonial History or Cold War History. The originality of this PHD lies in the various scales that it encompasses, making it possible to compare local, regional and world issues over forty years, between the end of War World II and the beginning of the decentralization process in France. The purpose of this PHD is to assess the set of internal and external factors inside the State Administration which have an influence on the chronology of the “departementalization” process. It is also to typify the management of overseas French West Indies initiated by the French state
Auguste, Aviane. "Epidemiologie des cancers des voies aéro-digestives supérieures aux Antilles françaises : facteurs de risque comportementaux, viraux et environnementaux." Thesis, Rennes 1, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019REN1B048.
Повний текст джерелаThe objective was to assess the potential influence of a large spectrum of risk factors on head and neck cancer (HNC) development in the French West Indies (FWI). As a first step, we used data from a cross-sectional health survey to describe the prevalence of tobacco smoking, alcohol drinking and obesity. This work highlighted significant social disparities in these risk factors in the population. We then analysed data from a population-based case-control study conducted in Martinique and Guadeloupe between 2013 and 2016, including 145 cases of HNC and 405 controls. The study revealed a high prevalence of oral infection with human papillomavirus (HPV) in the population, and a specific distribution of HPV genotypes. HPV52 was the most prevalent type and HPV16 was found in only 4% of cases. Tobacco smoking and alcohol drinking increased the risk of HNC, with a synergetic combined effect. High risk HPV (Hr-HPV) was associated with a significant increase in HNC risk, particularly in non-smokers and non-drinkers. Elevated risks of HNC were found in several occupations. A low body mass index (BMI) and family history of HNC were also associated with an increased risk of HNC. Condom use was found to decrease the risk of HNC, independently of oral HPV. In women, exposure to hormones, notably having menarche before 13, was associated with a decrease in HNC risk. Consumptions of tea, coffee, fruits and vegetables were not associated with HNC. In the population, the majority of HNC cases were attributable to tobacco smoking (62.5%) and alcohol (55.4%). About 14% of the cases were attributable to Hr-HPV, 11% to low BMI, 27% to occupation and 7% to family history of HNC. Given the predominant role of modifiable factors in HNC aetiology, there are many opportunities for prevention in this population
Lavenaire-Pineau, Maël. "Décolonisation et changement social aux Antilles françaises : De l’assimilation à la « Départementalisation » : socio-histoire d’une construction paradoxale (1946-1961)." Thesis, Antilles, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017ANTI0159/document.
Повний текст джерелаThe social change which takes place in the French West Indies after the Second World War ensues from a historical interactive process. It occurs between 1946 and 1961, within the frame of the new dynamic fostered in the aftermath of the war. Here we refer to he new political status of Department, the outbreak of social conflicts during the process of decolonization, the public policies and the planning of "the economic and social development" of the overseas departements. The dynamic also includes the population growth with the birth of a new generation from the sociological point of view. The aforementioned interaction instils the new type of society emerging in the French West Indies since the 1960's, without drastically changing their colonial social structure. This transformation named "Departmentalization" seems paradoxical because it will generate "modern" social frustrations, while maintaining existing frustrations that stemmed from the plantation society. this process led to the transition from a slave society to a consumer society. It allows us to understand the persistence of a latent social unrest in these departments, in spite of th overall significant improvement of the living conditions during the early twentieth century
Deperne, Marcel. "La Belle Rivière dans l'espace atlantique, 1783-1815 : migrations commerciales francophones entre Pittsburgh (PA) et Henderson (KY)." Thesis, La Rochelle, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LAROF003.
Повний текст джерелаHistoriography often neglects the part of Francophone migrants in the young American republic, merely following the route of the most famous political exiles banished by the French Revolution and the Restoration, or the Utopians dreaming to establish a new society in the New World. In the Early Republic faced with the thorny problem of slavery, the agony of colonial empires and the birth of entrepreneurship and capitalism, many migrants tried fortune beyond the Atlantic Ocean, between 1783 and 1815, establishing in the “Creole corridor” powerful commercial, cultural and religious ties between east coast, New Orleans, West Indies and Atlantic space. This is the purpose of this discussion that borrows the path opened by the Atlantic history, and proposes, through the study of correspondence and archival resources, an innovative history of francophone business migrations from Pittsburgh to Louisville in the age of the Atlantic Revolutions
Proulx, Bruno. "Utilisation de l’habitat et pressions anthropiques sur une population de rorquals à bosse (Megaptera novaeangliae) de Guadeloupe par suivi terrestre." Thèse, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/11887.
Повний текст джерелаThe Agoa sanctuary, a marine protected area (MPO) covering the exclusive economic zone (EEZ) in the French Caribbean, was created in 2010 to protect marine mammals and their habitats. It is known that the Caribbean islands are used from December to May by humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae) as a reproductive area. However, sparse information exists on the abundance, the behaviour, the distribution and the anthropogenic pressures on this species in the Caribbean and even less in the sanctuary. This thesis focuses on increasing scientific knowledge about this species’ use of a part of the Agoa Sanctuary and their interactions with human users of the MPO. Such knowledge may inform stakeholders’ (institutional and individual) decision-making towards implementation of appropriate conservation measures. A land-based survey of more than 300 hours, in 2012 and 2013, was carried out to determine the habitat use of, and anthropogenic pressures on, a population of humpback whales frequenting the surrounding water of the Pointe-des-Châteaux peninsula in Guadeloupe. This is the first land-based survey of this species in the French West Indies and one of the first in the Caribbean. The study area of approximately 264 square kilometres is one of the most visited areas by this species in the Guadeloupe archipelago. Using a theodolite, 107 trajectories (i.e. groups of whales) were recorded, representing 137.8 hours and 699 surfacings. Results show that the abundance was higher in March and April with a peak in the first week of April. The high proportion of calves in this population, mainly in March, suggest that the study zone is a nursing area. Overall movement patterns are not random and may possibly be dictated by the bathymetry. Furthermore, trajectories seem to converge close to the Pointe-des-Châteaux. The average movement is slow and oriented in the same direction as the dominant current to the west of the Pointe-des-Châteaux (i.e. ENE), except for mother and calf groups that swim faster in the opposite direction (i.e. WNW). Even if the anthropogenic pressure may be consided as moderate, a high proportion of surfacing is located in some of the main maritime traffic corridors. In addition, the shuttle corridor between Saint-Francois and Désirade island has the greatest relative risk of fatal collision. A reduced speed for the shuttle corridor would lower significantly the collision risk. These findings may lead to more extensive studies to better understand the ecology of this fascinating species.