Готові списки джерел за темами / Ledge mechanism

Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Ledge mechanism"

Автор: Grafiati
Опубліковано: 8 червня 2024

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  1. Статті в журналах
  2. Дисертації
  3. Книги
  4. Частини книг
  5. Тези доповідей конференцій

Статті в журналах з теми "Ledge mechanism":

1

Huang, Yunhao, Jincheng Wang, Zhijun Wang, and Junjie Li. "One-dimensional ledges and migration mechanism of incoherent interphase boundaries." Journal of Applied Crystallography 54, no. 1 (February 1, 2021): 211–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s1600576720015587.

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Since the edge-to-edge matching relationship of close-packed planes on an incoherent interphase boundary was found, the one-dimensional ledge migration mechanism has been put forward. However, owing to the lack of direct experimental evidence, the existence of the one-dimensional ledge is still questioned and it is thus usually treated as just an assumption. In this study, focusing on the existence of one-dimensional ledges and the migration mechanism of incoherent interphase boundaries, an atomic scale investigation on the migration of incoherent interphase boundaries in a body- to face-centered cubic transformation has been carried out using the phase-field crystal model. Simulation results demonstrated the presence of one-dimensional ledges on incoherent interphase boundaries, but only on those boundaries with high atomic densities. The simulation results further showed that the interphase boundaries with one-dimensional ledges migrate as a result of the nucleation and extension of the one-dimensional ledge, similar to the mechanism for two-dimensional ledges; meanwhile the interphase boundaries without one-dimensional ledges migrate according to a continuous mechanism by random atomic jumping. Because it is difficult for one-dimensional ledges to nucleate under low driving forces, interphase boundary migration based on the one-dimensional ledge mechanism is slower than that based on the continuous mechanism. This study reveals the structures and mechanisms of complex transitions of incoherent interphase boundaries and can aid a deeper understanding of solid phase transformations.
2

Whiting, M. J., and P. Tsakiropoulos. "The ledge mechanism of pearlite growth." Scripta Metallurgica et Materialia 32, no. 12 (June 1995): 1965–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0956-716x(95)00096-e.

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3

Zhang, J. X., та H. Q. Ye. "Deformation-induced α2 ↔ γ phase transformation in a Ti–48Al–2Cr alloy". Journal of Materials Research 15, № 10 (жовтень 2000): 2145–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.2000.0309.

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The structure of γ–α2 interfaces in deformed Ti–48Al–2Cr alloy was analyzed by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HREM) and image simulations. Growth of γ–TiAl plate in α2–Ti3Al phase was found to be a result of a ledge mechanism consisting of Shockley partial dislocations on alternate (0001)α2 planes. The height of the ledges was always a multiple of two (0001)α2 planes. The γ → α2 phase transformation was also an interface-related process. Large ledges of six close packed planes (111)γ high were often observed at the γ–α2 interface. Every large ledge consisted of six Shockley partial dislocations that originated from the γ–a2 interfacial lattice misfit. The movement of these partial dislocations accomplished the transformation of γ → α2 phase. Comparing the experimental and simulated HREM image, it was found that atomic reordering appears during the deformation-induced γ↔α2 transformation.
4

Huang, Yunhao, Jincheng Wang, Zhijun Wang, and Junjie Li. "Atomic structures and migration mechanisms of interphase boundaries during body- to face-centered cubic phase transformations." Journal of Applied Crystallography 52, no. 5 (October 1, 2019): 1176–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s1600576719011889.

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Atomic structures and migration mechanisms of interphase boundaries have been of scientific interest for many years owing to their significance in the field of phase transformations. Though the interphase boundary structures can be deduced from crystallographic investigations, the detailed atomic structures and migration mechanisms of interphase boundaries during phase transformations are still poorly understood. In this study, a systematic study on atomic structures and migration mechanisms of interphase boundaries in a body-centered cubic (b.c.c.) to face-centered cubic (f.c.c.) massive transformation was carried out using the phase-field crystal model. Simulation results show that the f.c.c./b.c.c. interphase boundaries can be classified into faceted interphase boundaries and side surfaces. The faceted interphase boundaries are semi-coherent with a group of dislocations, leading to a ledge migration mechanism, while the side surfaces are incoherent and thus migrate in a continuous way. After a careful analysis of the simulated migration process of interphase boundaries at atomic scales, a detailed description of the ledge mechanism based on the motion and nucleation of interphase boundary dislocations is presented. The ledge-forming process is accompanied by the nucleation of new heterogeneous dislocations and motions of original dislocations, and thus the barrier of ledge formation comes from the hindrance of these two dislocation behaviors. Once the ledge is formed, the original dislocations continue to advance until the ledge height reaches 1/|Δg|, where Δg represents the difference in reciprocal lattice vectors between two phases. The new heterogeneous dislocation moves along the radial direction of the interphase boundary, resulting in ledge extension. The interface dislocation behaviors greatly affect the migration of the interphase boundary, leading to different migration kinetics of faceted interphase boundaries under the Kurdjumov–Sachs and the Nishiyama–Wasserman orientation relationships. This study revealed the mechanisms and kinetics of complex structure transition during a b.c.c.–f.c.c. massive phase transformation and can shed some light on the process of solid phase transformations.
5

Zhu, Yuanmin, Pingping Liu, Rong Yu, Ying-Hui Hsieh, Dan Ke, Ying-Hao Chu, and Qian Zhan. "Orientation-tuning in self-assembled heterostructures induced by a buffer layer." Nanoscale 6, no. 10 (2014): 5126–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c3nr06664a.

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6

Whiting, M. J., and P. Tsakiropoulos. "Ledge mechanism of pearlite growth: growth velocity of ferrous pearlite." Materials Science and Technology 11, no. 10 (October 1995): 977–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/mst.1995.11.10.977.

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7

Hoyt, J. J. "The velocity of plate precipitates growing by the ledge mechanism." Acta Materialia 61, no. 13 (August 2013): 4953–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.actamat.2013.04.051.

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8

Whiting, M. J., and P. Tsakiropoulos. "On the ledge mechanism of pearlite growth: The Cu-Al lamellar eutectoid." Scripta Metallurgica et Materialia 29, no. 3 (August 1993): 401–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0956-716x(93)90520-3.

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9

Aikin, R. M., S. Elangovan, T. G. Zocco, and M. R. Plichta. "Kinetic equations for concurrent size and shape coarsening by the ledge mechanism." Metallurgical Transactions A 22, no. 6 (June 1991): 1381–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02660670.

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10

Baev, A. R., A. L. Mayorov, M. V. Asadchaya, G. E. Konovalov, and O. S. Sergeeva. "TRANSFORMATION AND SCATTERING OF SURFACE WAVES ON THE ACOUSTIC LOAD TO ULTRASONIC EVALUATION AND MEASUREMENTS. Part 2. The object to study – solid with ledge." Devices and Methods of Measurements 9, no. 2 (June 15, 2018): 142–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.21122/2220-9506-2018-9-2-142-154.

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The lack of information about the features of processes of the surface wave's transformation into volume waves and its scattering in metal objects with ledge, slots, grooves and the others is one of the obstacles to improve of the acoustical testing reliability and widening of technical application. The aim of this work was to study of mechanism of acoustical mode's transformation and determination the laws of the fields forming of scatted volume edge wave's in solids with ledge of different geometry and to suggest direction of the study application in area of acoustical testing and measurements.The features of transformation of surface waves into edge transverse and longitudinal wave modes scatted and their fields forming in the volume of the object with ledge vs. its angle of the slope front surface side (0–135°) and a dimensionless transition radius (0–10,2) varied were studied. Theoretical analysis and experimental data shown that in general case the field of the edge transverse waves in the volume of ledge can be imagined as a superposition of the field of edge waves (scatted on ledge) and accompany waves too, radiated simultaneously with the surface waves to radiate. If dimensionless size of the ledge's transition radius lesser than 1 the resulting field of the edge transverse waves is the summary field of two sources. One of them (with small aperture) is localized in the vicinity of the place of intersection of contact surface with ledge's front side surface. As it was found, the second source of the edge transverse waves – the edge head longitudinal waves to appear in the results of transformation of surface waves on the ledge′s radius transition. The structure of the edge acoustic fields including their extremes vs. ledge's angle and its radius transition, position of the surface wave's probe were experimentally studied and theoretically analyzed.Some directions of the results of researches using are the next: а) ultrasonic testing of hard-to-make technological objects in which defects have low sound reflection; b) ultrasonic structure diagnostics of solid (specimens) set far from the ultrasonic by using edge volume transverse and longitudinal modes; c) creation of new ultrasonic arrangements to sound and to receive transverse waves of different polarization.
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Статті в журналах

Дисертації з теми "Ledge mechanism":

1

Nominé, Anna V. "Synthesis of Bi₂O₂CO₃ nanosheets by electrical discharges in liquids for photocatalytic and nanoelectronic applications." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023LORR0357.

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Ce travail fournit des informations sur la synthèse de feuillets nanométriques ultrafins composés de Bi₂O₂CO₃, ci-après dénommé BOC. La synthèse est réalisée par une technique rapide et simple connue sous le signe EDDL correspondant au procédé de décharges électriques dans les liquides diélectriques. Pour assurer la reproductibilité de la synthèse, une méthode de prétraitement impliquant la gravure d'électrodes de bismuth avec du Nital a été employée. Le processus choisi consiste à initier des décharges électriques entre ces électrodes alors qu'elles sont immergées soit dans l'azote liquide, soit dans l'eau. Fait remarquable, les deux liquides conduisent à des nanostructures identiques, une similitude validée par spectroscopie d'émission optique, technique qui a permis de confirmer la nature métallique de la décharge dans les deux milieux. Après cette étape, les nanofeuillets subissent une oxydation et une carbonatation rapides lorsqu'ils sont exposés à l'air. Le mécanisme de croissance proposé est étroitement lié au mécanisme connu sous le nom de « ledge mechanism », en raison de la présence de « kinks » et de « jogs » clairement visibles le long des bords des nanofeuillets. Ces nanostructures bidimensionnelles émergent d'abord à la surface de la cathode et croissent ensuite verticalement. Cette croissance anisotrope est rendue possible par l'assistance ionique dans les régions qui ressemblent à des motifs en forme de peigne formés pendant l'étape de gravure chimique, condition préalable nécessaire à une forte reproductibilité du processus de croissance. La caractérisation cristallographique détaillée des nanofeuillets de BOC a été réalisée à l'aide d'une série de techniques, notamment la microscopie électronique en transmission (TEM), la microscopie électronique en transmission à balayage (STEM), la microscopie électronique en transmission à haute résolution (HRTEM), la spectroscopie de rayons X à dispersion d'énergie (EDX), la diffraction d'électrons en aire sélectionnée (SAED), la diffraction d'électrons en faisceau convergent (CBED), la microscopie électronique en transmission filtrée en énergie (EFTEM) et la spectroscopie de perte d'énergie des électrons (EELS). L'étude révèle que la structure cristallographique du BOC est conforme au groupe spatial I4/mmm, avec des paramètres de réseau a=3,91 Å et c=13,77 Å, une détermination qui a été confirmée par diffraction des rayons X (DRX). L'étude clarifie également l'origine potentielle des taches satellites qui sont régulièrement observées dans les motifs SAED le long de l'axe de zone [001]. Dans cette étude, ces taches ont été principalement attribuées à deux phénomènes : la diffraction multiple et les transformations locales ordre-désordre qui se produisent dans la structure cristalline du BOC. Cette transformation implique une transition d'une structure quadratique centrée vers un réseau primitif de Bravais. Afin d'évaluer leur utilité pratique, nous avons mesuré la performance photocatalytique des nanofeuillets de BOC synthétisés à l'aide de la méthode EDDL et nous avons constaté qu'elle était comparable à elle de BOCs obtenus par d'autres méthodes. En outre, nous avons évalué la performance électronique des BOC dans le but de découvrir leur potentiel dans les applications liées à des nanodispositifs
This work provides information on the synthesis of ultrathin nanosheets composed of Bi₂O₂CO₃, hereafter referred to as BOC. The synthesis is achieved through the rapid and straightforward technique known as Electrical Discharges in Dielectric Liquids (EDDL). To ensure the reproducibility of the synthesis, a pre-treatment method involving the etching of bismuth electrodes with Nital was employed. The chosen process entails initiating electrical discharges between these electrodes while submerged in either liquid nitrogen or water. Remarkably, both liquids produced identical nanostructures, a similarity validated by optical emission spectroscopy, which confirmed the metallic nature of the discharge in both environments. Following this stage, the nanosheets undergo rapid oxidation and carbonation upon exposure to air. The proposed growth mechanism is closely linked to the ledge mechanism, considering the presence of clearly visible kinks and jogs along the edges of the nanosheets. These two-dimensional nanostructures first emerge on the cathode's surface and then grow vertically. This anisotropic growth is made possible by ion assistance in regions that exhibit comb-like patterns formed during the chemical etching step, which is a necessary precondition for high reproducibility of the discharge process. Detailed crystallographic characterization of BOC nanosheets was achieved through a range of techniques, including Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), Scanning Transmission Electron Microscopy (STEM), High-Resolution TEM Transmission Electron Microscopy (HRTEM), Energy-Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDX), Selected Area Electron Diffraction (SAED), Convergent Beam Electron Diffraction (CBED), Energy Filtered Transmission Electron Microscopy (EFTEM), and Electron Energy-Loss Spectroscopy (EELS). The investigation reveals that the crystallographic structure of BOC conforms to the space group I4/mmm, with lattice parameters a=3.91 Å and c=13.77 Å, a determination that was confirmed by X-ray Diffraction (XRD). The study also clarifies the potential origin of satellite spots that are consistently observed in SAED patterns along the [001] zone axis. In this research, these spots were primarily attributed to two phenomena: multiple diffraction and local disorder-to-order transformations occurring within the BOC crystal structure. This transformation entails a transition from a body-centered tetragonal structure to a primitive Bravais lattice. To gauge their practical usefulness, we assessed the photocatalytic performance of BOC nanosheets synthesized using the EDDL method and found it to be consistent with BOC obtained through alternative methods. Furthermore, we explored the electronic performance of BOC with the goal of uncovering their potential in nanodevice applications
2

Slaughter, Alison Paige. "Mechanism of action of allosteric HIV-1 integrase inhibitors." The Ohio State University, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1428684473.

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3

Cimmarusti, Claudia. "Dalla relazione : Desiderio e legge nell'opera di Alexandre Kojève." Thesis, Paris 1, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA01H209/document.

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Cette étude entend sonder la potentialité spéculative d'une philosophie éminemment kojèvienne qui naisse à partir de la relation entre le Désir et la Loi. Le privilège herméneutique accordé à ce plexus pour une enquête monographique de l'œuvre de Kojève vient de l'intuition d'une unité fondamentale dans sa pensée. Il s'agit de débuter une recherche sur la relation analysée à la lumière de la nouvelle ontologie que Kojève essaie de penser. Nous savons que Kojève est passé à l'histoire en tant que « interprète » de Hegel, en tant que doctor subtilis des légendaires Séminaires sur la Phénomélogie de l'Esprit. L'introduction à la lecture de Hegel a été le Livre-Evénement qui a affecté le Paris intellectuel des années Trente du XXème siècle et ses protagonistes de prestige ; mais fut uniquement la pointe de l'iceberg de la production scientifique de notre auteur. La reconstruction de I'opera omnia de Kojève, par conséquent, a été la base à partir de laquelle est devenue possible ce travail. À partir des écrits de la jeunesse émerge la matrice scientifique et, au même temps, spéculative de la réflexion kojèvienne : je fais référence au Journal d'un philosophe (1920-1923) et à l'idée du déterminisme dans la physique classique et dans la physique moderne (1932). La question, formulée en partie déjà de Kojève, est la suivante : c'est possible associer à la révolution quantique en physique la révolution psychanalytique en considérant que la détermination relative de la réalité physique implique et suppose l'existence de l'inconscient psychique ? Les observations préliminaires sur la science ont été fonctionnelles à donner une réponse affirmative à cette question et à présenter la généalogie de la thèse principale de ce travail : le sujet kojèvien n'est pas seulement - à la Butler - un sujet de désir ; mais, plutôt, un sujet de désir et loi
This work seeks to explore the potential of the philosophy of Kojève, which has its offspring in the relation between Desire and Law. This plexus is regarded as the hermeneutic theme of the work of Kojève, based on the intuition of a fundamental unity within his thought.This study aims at starting a research about relationship, in the light of Kojève's nouvelle ontologie. Kojève is regarded as “the interpreter” of Hegel and the doctor subtilis of the legendary Seminars on the Phenomenology of Spirit. The Introduction à la lecture de Hegel was the work that revolutionised the scholars in Paris in the 1930s, but it was only the tip of the iceberg of the author's scientific production. Therefore, the reconstruction of the opera omnia of Kojève is the base of this work, which could not have been possible without it.The scientific and speculative roots of Kojève's thought are evident since the early works of the author, and particularly the Journal d'un philosophe (1920-1923) and l'idée du déterminisme dans la physique classique et dans la physique moderne (1932). The main question, partly formulated by Kojève himself, is the following: can we associate the quantic revolution in physics to the revolution of psychoanalysis, given that the relative determination of physic reality implies the existence of the psychological unconscious? The preliminary observations on science have been fundamental in order to give a positive answer to this question. They also represent the foundations of this research. According to Kojève, the subject is not simply, as Butler would hold, a subject of desire; but a subject of desire and law
4

Jiang, Jennifer Hongbo. "How much does trust cost? : analysis of the consensus mechanism of distributed ledger technology and use-cases in securitization." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/111454.

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Thesis: S.M. in Management of Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Sloan School of Management, 2017.
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 47-49).
This paper analyzed how blockchain has achieved decentralized consensus, a remarkable innovation by: 1) validating transactions based on cryptograph technologies and implicit incentives; 2) extending blockchain networks based on a process of randomization. The success of emerging distributed ledger technology (DLT) reveals an intricate interplay of key factors among technology, economics, and rules. This paper discussed the broad spectrum of permissionless and permissioned DLTs and argued that the choice of DLT for each business case is a delicate balancing act for the needs of disintermediation, confidentiality, and scalability among other considerations. Smart contacts are the pre-agreed set of rules evaluated and executed by an automated system based on DLT. By digitalizing the physical business world, smart contracts combined with loT or big data analytics can help make powerful business cases, and we illustrated the potential use-cases in financial securitization industry. Looking forward, a decentralized consensus model empowered by DLT may lead to a new dimension of organizational changes and foster more collaborative partnership within and beyond the financial services industry.
by Jennifer Hongbo Jiang.
S.M. in Management of Technology
5

Dzurdzíková, Kristína. "Návrh využití technologie Blockchain ve firemním prostředí." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta podnikatelská, 2020. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-417644.

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This diploma thesis deals with the creation of a design for the utilization of blockchain technology in a corporate environment. The main goal of this work is to create a proposal for a business process and its implementation in a specific blockchain platform. The analysis of the current state of the process describes current process and company’s requirements for the functionality of new technology. In the design part of the work, I compared specific blockchain platforms. As a result of this part I chose the most suitable solution for the implementation of my proposal. This chapter further includes the design of a methodology for verifying whether the process is suitable for the implementation of a blockchain technology or not. Moreover, it describes how to proceed when choosing a suitable solution and highlights its key factors.
6

Shi, Ye, and Shucheng Zhou. "Central Bank Digital Currencies: Towards a Chinese Approach : Design Choices of Digital Currency Electronic Payment." Thesis, Internationella Handelshögskolan, Jönköping University, IHH, Företagsekonomi, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-48662.

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Inspired by the digital revolution to the financial industry, the discussion around central bank digital currency also attract attention from academics and central banks. The People’s Bank of China (PBOC) is also researching on China’s CBDC: digital currency electronic payment (DCEP) and announced that DCEP would be issued as soon as possible.  However, the PBOC does not systematically disclose the information of DCEP. The characteristics and mechanism design are still obscured and need to be explored deeply. This thesis analysed the classification and mechanism design choices of DCEP from the perspective of two different demands: general demand and central bank demand. Based on pragmatism philosophy, we use a mixed-methods approach that is a combination of qualitative and quantitative research. Through the interview and surveys, we identified the demands from the PBOC and the general public in China and the characteristics of DCEP from official claims. Then generate the design choices via the money flower and the pyramid of CBDC models and compare the result with the demand. The analysis shows that the DCEP belongs to type B general-purpose CB digital tokens, and it would adopt a complex multi-layer hybrid architecture design, with the support from both DLT and conventional way. In conclusion, the current mechanism design choices can meet the demands from each side to a certain extent and reached a delicate balance under the trade-off between privacy and security issues. This thesis provides an insightful view on the classification and design choices of DCEP, fulfils the lack of systematic research relating to the demand and design choices of DCEP, and reveals the public’s insufficient knowledge in DCEP.
7

CHANG, CHEN-TE, and 張辰德. "Privacy Protection Mechanism in Smart Meter Based on the Distributed Ledger Technology." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/5w7p67.

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Анотація:
碩士
逢甲大學
資訊工程學系
107
With the development of the Smart Grid, characters in Smart Grid are able to transform not only electricity flow but also information. The electricity company collects fine-grained realtime power consumption data from terminal customers (home, commercial, industrial) using Smart Meter to facilitate diverse applications, such as demand response, regional statistics, and load monitoring. However, the real-time power consumption data can cause privacy issues to the customers. Adversaries can obtain the customers’ privacy such as customers’ personal daily behavior or habits by analyzing the real-time power consumption data. There are some existing researches focus on protecting customers’ privacy. Most of the approaches inject noise into the consumption data such as attaching batteries to mask the consumption data. Although these approaches can protect customers’ privacy, however, the consumption data is not fine-grained anymore. This paper proposed a mechanism combining distributed ledger technology(DLT) and specific conditions signature to provide anonymous data transmission. Customers can transmit his/her power consumption data through anonymous identity. Through the combination of the DLT and specific conditions signature, consumers can hide his/her identity and transmit power consumption data anonymously which is tamper-proofed. While protecting customers’ privacy, the service provider can still receive the payment from the customer.

Книги з теми "Ledge mechanism":

1

Maltese, Giulio. La storia di "F=ma": La seconda legge del moto nel XVIII secolo. Firenze: L.S. Olschki, 1992.

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2

Koman, Kacper, and Ziemowit Syta. Raport. Pierwsza fala pandemii COVID-19 w Polsce: Ograniczenia i pomoc kierowana do przedsiębiorców. Ksiegarnia Akademicka Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.12797/9788381386951.

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REPORT. THE FIRST WAVE OF THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC IN POLAND: RESTRICTIONS AND AID ADDRESSED TO ENTREPRENEURS The report presents a review of legal norms and a questionnaire study of the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in Poland (March to June 2020). The authors analysed legal regulations for four business industries: catering, tourism, transportation, and construction, both in terms of laws restricting the operation of these businesses due to the pandemic and aid regulations. The main objective of the research was to check whether the constitutionally established mechanism of determining the addressee’s relevant feature in formulating the aid solutions remains valid in the case of aid provided by the state to entrepreneurs affected by the pandemic crisis. The publication also contains observations and analyses concerning historical crises caused by forces of nature that occurred in Poland when the current Constitution was in force, and the methods of fighting the resulting damage at that time, with particular emphasis on the legal mechanisms that were applied in these situations. The summary of the report contains postulates of de lege ferenda character, whose introduction to the Polish legal order would result in a much higher than now level of preparedness of the state authorities for systemic, organised assistance in predefined forms to entities affected by natural disasters, with particular consideration of possible future events bearing traits of a pandemic.
3

Bolfing, Andreas. Cryptographic Primitives in Blockchain Technology. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198862840.001.0001.

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Many online applications, especially in the financial industries, are running on blockchain technologies in a decentralized manner, without the use of an authoritative entity or a trusted third party. Such systems are only secured by cryptographic protocols and a consensus mechanism. As blockchain-based solutions will continue to revolutionize online applications in a growing digital market in the future, one needs to identify the principal opportunities and potential risks. Hence, it is unavoidable to learn the mathematical and cryptographic procedures behind blockchain technology in order to understand how such systems work and where the weak points are. The book provides an introduction to the mathematical and cryptographic concepts behind blockchain technologies and shows how they are applied in blockchain-based systems. This includes an introduction to the general blockchain technology approaches that are used to build the so-called immutable ledgers, which are based on cryptographic signature schemes. As future quantum computers will break some of the current cryptographic primitive approaches, the book considers their security and presents the current research results that estimate the impact on blockchain-based systems if some of the cryptographic primitive break. Based on the example of Bitcoin, it shows that weak cryptographic primitives pose a possible danger for the ledger, which can be overcome through the use of the so-called post-quantum cryptographic approaches which are introduced as well.
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The Canadian pocket ledger and book of reference: Adapted to the use of merchants, bankers, manufacturers, professional gentlemen, mechanics, farmers, &c. &c. : containing interest tables, at 6, 7 and 10 [per] cent, time, wages, land and weight tables, arranged and adapted for the decimal system in Canada : also, books of account; viz. ledger, cash book, bill book, order book, expense account, and time book. [Toronto?: s.n.], 1985.

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Частини книг з теми "Ledge mechanism":

1

Sandström, Rolf. "Cavitation." In Basic Modeling and Theory of Creep of Metallic Materials, 185–203. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-49507-6_10.

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AbstractCavitation is of great technical importance. Nucleated cavities grow and link to form cracks that can cause rupture. During creep, cavities are initiated in the grain boundaries. The nucleation takes place at particles or at subboundary—grain boundary junctions. The main mechanism is believed to be grain boundary sliding (GBS), Chap. 9. According to the double ledge model, cavities are formed when the particles or subboundaries meet other subboundaries. With this assumption quantitative models for cavity nucleation can be derived. They show that the nucleated number of cavities is proportional to the creep strain in good accordance with observations. Cavities can grow by diffusion or by straining. It is important to take into account that cavities cannot grow faster than the surrounding creeping matrix, which is referred to as constrained growth. Otherwise the growth rate can be significantly overestimated. Models both for diffusion and strain controlled growth have been available for a long time. A recently developed model for strain controlled growth is presented based on GBS. It has the advantage that is associated with a well-defined initiation size of cavities and that constrained growth is automatically taken into account, features that some previous strain controlled models miss.
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Yamada, Yuki, and Tatsuo Nakajima. "Experiments of Distributed Ledger Technologies Based on Global Clock Mechanisms." In Intelligent Distributed Computing XII, 436–45. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-99626-4_38.

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Mohideen AbdulKader, M., and S. Ganesh Kumar. "Privacy Challenges and Enhanced Protection in Blockchain Using Erasable Ledger Mechanism." In Expert Clouds and Applications, 183–97. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-2126-0_16.

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Kedziora, Michal, Patryk Kozlowski, and Piotr Jozwiak. "Security of Blockchain Distributed Ledger Consensus Mechanism in Context of the Sybil Attack." In Trends in Artificial Intelligence Theory and Applications. Artificial Intelligence Practices, 407–18. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-55789-8_36.

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Shvachych, Gennady, Ivan Pobochii, Hanna Sashchuk, Oleksandr Dzhus, Olena Khylko, and Volodymyr Busygin. "Development of a Linear-Scaling Consensus Mechanism of the Distributed Data Ledger Technology." In Smart Innovation, Systems and Technologies, 1–13. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-2541-2_1.

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Shvachych, Gennady, Boris Moroz, Andrii Matviichuk, Hanna Sashchuk, Oleksandr Dzhus, and Volodymyr Busygin. "Development of a Linear-Scaling Consensus Mechanism of the Distributed Data Ledger Technology." In Proceedings of International Conference on Data Science and Applications, 647–61. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-6634-7_46.

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Wang, Yenjou, Ruichen Cong, Yixiao Liu, Kiichi Tago, Ruidong Li, Hitoshi Asaeda, and Qun Jin. "Multi-ledger Coordinating Mechanism by Smart Contract for Individual-Initiated Trustworthy Data Sharing." In HCI for Cybersecurity, Privacy and Trust, 232–43. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-35822-7_16.

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Pfister, Michelle, Niclas Kannengießer, and Ali Sunyaev. "Finding the Right Balance: Technical and Political Decentralization in the Token Economy." In Blockchains and the Token Economy, 53–86. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-95108-5_3.

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AbstractToken economy instances can be built on a variety of protocols, such as distributed ledger technology (DLT) protocols. DLT protocols are used to operate DLT systems that perform, in a decentralized way, several tasks (e.g., the prevention of double-spending) that are usually handled by central actors, such as banks. Using DLT can be subject to challenges in terms of interoperability between DLT systems (e.g., due to incompatible interfaces), limiting the dynamics in token economy instances, for example, regarding collaboration between organizations operating on separate distributed ledgers. Cross-ledger interoperability (CLI) systems can connect DLT systems. However, it is unclear how the degree of decentralization (i.e., technical and political) of CLI systems affects token economy instances that comprise multiple DLT systems. To better understand such effects, we describe patterns for the implementation of CLI systems and present our notion of political decentralization in token economy instances using CLI. We describe potential implications of CLI patterns and governance mechanisms on token economy instances. Drawing from those implications, we discuss balancing centralization and decentralization in token economy instances that comprise multiple DLT and CLI systems.
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del Val Talen, Paula. "Social Enterprises and Benefit Corporations in Spain." In The International Handbook of Social Enterprise Law, 803–30. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-14216-1_39.

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AbstractThis chapter provides an overview of the legal framework for social enterprises in Spain and portrays the benefit-corporation phenomenon from the perspective of the Spanish law. The former is presided over by Ley 5/2011, de 29 de marzo, de Economía Social (LES), the main conceptual and policy aspects of which are discussed in this chapter. On the latter, since benefit corporations are not regulated in Spain, the contribution draws up their identifying elements from both a comparative methodology and a failed proposal for a general interest private limited liability company (S.L.I.G.). We consider benefit corporations and their applicable regime within the everlasting debate on the role of profit—both objective and subjective—as part of the cause of the company contract. Against this background, this chapter provides three theoretical models for benefit corporations under the Spanish company law and assesses how they may be adapted into the articles of association. We then examine how core finance and governance aspects may be touched, namely, the distribution of profits, directors’ duties, and shareholder protection mechanisms. The chapter supports the view that benefit corporations may be lawfully formed de lege lata under the Spanish companies and social enterprise law, although significant regulatory amendments are advisable to smoothen the process.
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Zerkal, Oleg V., and Olga S. Barykina. "Suffosion Landslides as a Specific Type of Slope Deformations in the European Part of Russia." In Progress in Landslide Research and Technology, Volume 1 Issue 2, 2022, 99–108. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-18471-0_8.

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AbstractLandslide classification systems are based on the analysis of mechanisms of slope deformation and consideration of landslide-forming earth materials. The main types of landslide movement are fall, topple, slide, spread and flow. Within the European part of Russia, a specific type of slope deformation is often observed, where suffosion (the process of washout and mechanical removal of fine particles from saturated soils under the influence of infiltrating groundwater flow) plays an essential role. Suffosion landslides are defined as a type of complex landslide formed in regions characterized by alternating horizons of unsaturated and saturated sands, loams and clays. Such hydrogeological conditions occur in the European part of Russia, most of which is occupied by the East European Plain. In the East European Plain, suffosion landslides are confined to the valleys of large rivers and their tributaries (Volga, Oka, Don, etc.), where their volumes can reach several million m3. In the Volgograd and Moscow regions, suffosion can result in soil decompaction at the base of slopes, or the formation of underground cavities in massifs, niches and grottoes on slopes, ultimately leading to the formation of suffosion landslides. Suffosion landslides are complex displacements of waterlogged soil masses formed as a result of suffosion and the subsequent associated collapse of the sides of suffosion cavities and niches. Indicators of suffosion landslides are: (1) the presence of a prograding fan of finely dispersed material at the base of slope and adjacent terrain, whose boundaries often exceed the landslide limits; and (2) a large number of ledges of different sizes on the surface of the landslide body created by uneven settling of blocks into the roof of suffosion cavities, and on the sides of suffosion niches. Suffosion landslides are often elongated, horseshoe-shaped, or ∞-shaped with a narrowing in the central part formed in saturated soils breaching from an underground suffosion cavity. Suffosion landslides do not have a marked sliding surface. Rather, soil displacement occurs over layers with strongly dispersed groundwater. The displacement rate of such landslides depends on the scale and speed of development of mechanical suffosion at the base of the slope.

Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Ledge mechanism":

1

Lewis, Cody, Jared Legg, and Minchul Shin. "Development of Soft Body Rescue-Bot Using 3D Printing." In ASME 2018 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2018-86860.

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The use of robots in search and rescue operations has increased dramatically over the years. A robot is able to detect survivors of a dangerous situation, like an earthquake, without putting the operator’s life in danger as well. There are many types of robots being developed for search and rescue purposes, but a smaller and more durable robot will be beneficial for designs in the future. The purpose of our project is to research and design a soft body robot that is capable of locating individuals in search and rescue operations. The robot has a design similar to a car which will allow the control of the robot to be easy to use. It has been designed with a self-righting mechanism in case the vehicle flips over or gets stuck. The robot has a small size so that it can fit through small holes that a person could not enter. The robot will be capable of traversing over uneven terrain, including small ledges through an actuator. The actuator will be designed to cause the robot to spring over or on a ledge. According to simulations from SolidWorks, the wheels of the robot can also withstand a drop from 2 meters. The design and material of the wheels will be further tested and changed to increase the performance of the wheel. Once a design has been chosen, the body of the robot will be designed. Current designs of ground rescue robots will be studied in order to attain a better understanding on what designs work best. The hope is to make the robot more durable than previous designs using a soft material as the outer shell of the robot. A soft material should allow the robot to be able to absorb impacts from falling debris or unexpected falls. Once the design of the robot has been optimized, a prototype will be created. The next step will be to code the robot so that it can be controlled with a remote. The current proposal is to use an Arduino board to send and receive signals from that remote. Then a camera will be attached to the robot which will allow the operator to see where the robot is and where the survivors are located.
2

Lin, Iuon-Chang, Jing-Yuan Huang, and Jason Lin. "A Certificate Management Mechanism Using Distributed Ledger." In 2023 18th Asia Joint Conference on Information Security (AsiaJCIS). IEEE, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/asiajcis60284.2023.00021.

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3

Raikwar, Mayank, and Danilo Gligoroski. "The Meshwork Ledger, its Consensus and Reward Mechanisms." In 2021 International Conference on COMmunication Systems & NETworkS (COMSNETS). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/comsnets51098.2021.9352911.

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4

Aluko, Oladotun, and Anton Kolonin. "Studying the Applicability of Proof of Reputation(PoR) as an Alternative Consensus Mechanism for Distributed Ledger Systems." In 2nd International Conference on Blockchain and Internet of Things (BIoT 2021). AIRCC Publishing Corporation, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5121/csit.2021.110804.

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Blockchains combine several other technologies like cryptography, networking, and incentive mechanisms in order to support the creation, validation, and recording of transactions between participating nodes. A blockchain system relies on a consensus algorithm to determine the shared state among distributed nodes. An important component underlying any blockchainbased system is its consensus mechanism, which determines the characteristics of the overall system. This thesis proposes a reputation-based consensus mechanism for blockchain-based systems which we term Proof-of-Reputation(PoR) that uses the liquid rank algorithm where the reputation of a node is calculated by blending the normalized ratings by other nodes in the network for a given period with the reputation values of the nodes giving the ratings. The nodes with the highest reputation values eventually become part of the consensus group that determines the state of the blockchain.
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Dutta, Sabyasachi, Arinjita Paul, Rocki H. Ozaki, C. Pandu Ranzan, and Kouichi Sakurai. "A Distributed Ledger Management Mechanism for Storing and Selling Private Data." In 2021 IEEE Conference on Dependable and Secure Computing (DSC). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/dsc49826.2021.9346258.

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6

Camci, Burcin, Salih Bayar, and Mehmet Gorkem Ulkar. "A simple auditing mechanism for financial reports in e-Ledger project." In 2015 9th International Conference on Application of Information and Communication Technologies (AICT). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icaict.2015.7338555.

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Bhat, Asif, Rizal Mohd Nor, and Md Amiruzzaman. "An assessment and comparative analysis of trade finance initiatives utilizing distributed ledger technology." In ADVANCES IN FRACTURE AND DAMAGE MECHANICS XX. AIP Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0127776.

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Pavlenko, A. M., M. M. Katasonov, V. V. Kozlov, and A. V. Dovgal. "Generation of localized disturbances by surface vibrations behind the ledge in the laminar flow." In PROCEEDINGS OF THE XXV CONFERENCE ON HIGH-ENERGY PROCESSES IN CONDENSED MATTER (HEPCM 2017): Dedicated to the 60th anniversary of the Khristianovich Institute of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics SB RAS. Author(s), 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5007555.

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9

Bonti, Alessio, Akanksha Saini, Thien Pham, Mohamed Abdelrazek, and Lorenzo Pinto. "DSurvey: A Blockchain-Enhanced Survey Platform for the Data Economy." In 8th International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Applications (AIAP 2021). AIRCC Publishing Corporation, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5121/csit.2021.110112.

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The data economy is predicted to boom and become a 156B dollars business by 2025. In this demo we introduce the use of distributed ledger technologies (DLT) applied to digital surveys in order to create an ecosystem where data becomes a central piece of a complex economy. Our system allows for interesting key features; ownership, traceability, secure profiles, and anonymity where required. Also, the most important feature, is the incentive mechanism that rewards all participants, both users creating surveys and those answering the surveys. DSurvey (decentralized survey) is a novel application framework that aims at moving away from the large commercial data sink paradigm whose business is restricted to gathering data and reselling it. Our solution makes so that no central data sink exists, and it always belongs to the creator, who are able to know who is using it, and receive royalties.
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Alexander, Kenneth R., Wei Xie, and Deborah J. Derlacki. "Spatiotemporal Contrast Sensitivity for Sloan Letters and D6 Patterns." In Noninvasive Assessment of the Visual System. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/navs.1992.mb2.

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In the study of visual disorders, contrast sensitivity has been measured with both windowed sinusoidal gratings and with letters. It has been suggested that contrast sensitivity functions for both types of stimuli are quite similar (e.g., Legge et al., 1987; Herse and Bedell, 1989), although comparisons have not been made under comparable conditions. While sinusoidal stimuli are advantageous for studying spatial mechanisms, letters are more familiar to patients, contain multiple orientations, are less subject to spurious resolution and are more affected by sampling irregularity than are gratings (Herse and Bedell, 1989), all of which suggest that the measurement of contrast sensitivity for letters may have an advantage in detecting visual abnormalities. However, letters contain a broad range of spatial frequencies (Parish and Sperling, 1991) which potentially complicates the interpretation of test results using these stimuli.

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