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Статті в журналах з теми "LED STREETLIGHT"

Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 11 вересня 2023

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1

Zhang, Yuan Yuan, Xiao Fei Lu, Rong Cai, Jie Gong, Shan Liu, and Jian Yu Bao. "Design of an Intelligent Solar-LED Streetlight." Applied Mechanics and Materials 548-549 (April 2014): 873–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.548-549.873.

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Анотація:

Solar-led streetlight is a hotspot in photovoltaic lighting at present, it combines solar energy with HB LEDs (High Brightness Light Emitting Diodes) called the fourth generation of light source to improve the conventional streetlight in several aspects. Due to the clean nature of solar energy, and the highly efficient energy conversion of the PV module and very long operating life of the HB LED, the solar-LED streetlight, compared to traditional streetlight, can save electricity remarkably, thus abating greenhouse gas emission. During the photovoltaic lighting system, MPPT technology is generally used with the aim of maximizing the solar panel output power from beginning to the end. Therefore, if the controller combines MPPT technology with the traditionally constant-voltage charging technology, the charge efficiency will be greatly increased. While, for the discharge issue, people hope to modulate the brightness of streetlight so as to decrease the electricity consume.

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2

Beckwith, Dana, Xiaoping Zhang, Edward Smalley, Lok Chan, and Mark Yand. "LED Streetlight Application Assessment Project." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2250, no. 1 (January 2011): 65–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/2250-09.

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3

Cheng, Chang, Cheng, Chang, Chung, and Chang. "A Single-Stage LED Streetlight Driver with Soft-Switching and Interleaved PFC Features." Electronics 8, no. 8 (August 18, 2019): 911. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics8080911.

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Анотація:

This paper presents a single-stage driver with soft-switching and interleaved power-factor correction (PFC) features suitable for light-emitting diode (LED) energy-saving streetlight applications. The proposed LED streetlight driver integrates an interleaved buck-boost PFC converter with coupled inductors and a half-bridge LLC resonant converter into a single-stage power-conversion circuit with reduced voltage stress on the DC-linked capacitor and power switches, and it is suitable for operating at high utility-line voltages. Furthermore, coupled inductors in the interleaved buck-boost PFC converter are operated in discontinuous-conduction mode (DCM) for accomplishing PFC, and the half-bridge LLC resonant converter features zero-voltage switching (ZVS) to reduce switching losses of power switches, and zero-current switching (ZCS) to decrease conduction losses of power diodes. Operational modes and design considerations for the proposed LED streetlight driver are introduced. Finally, a 144 W (36V/4A)-rated LED prototype driver is successfully developed and implemented for supplying a streetlight module and operating with a utility-line input voltage of 220 V. High power factor, low output-voltage ripple factor, low output-current ripple factor, and high efficiency are achieved in the proposed LED streetlight driver.

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4

Cheng, Chun-An, Chien-Hsuan Chang, Hung-Liang Cheng, En-Chih Chang, You-Ruei Lin, and Long-Fu Lan. "A Novel Light-Emitting Diode Streetlight Driver Circuit Applied to a Direct Current-Input Voltage Source." Sustainability 15, no. 14 (July 12, 2023): 10934. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su151410934.

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Анотація:

With the global advocacy of green lighting and the urgent need for energy saving and carbon reduction, more and more street lighting applications have entered the era of being replaced by light-emitting diode (LED) lighting sources. This paper presents a new LED streetlight driving circuit applied to a direct current (DC)-input voltage source, which consists of a buck converter combined with a flyback converter to reduce the number of circuit components required and to recover the leakage energy of the transformer to improve energy conversion efficiency. In addition, this study also completed the analysis of the operational principle of the new LED streetlight driving circuit, and developed a prototype LED streetlight driver with DC-input voltage of 48V and output power of 72 W (36 V/2 A). Finally, the measurement results of the prototype circuit show that the output voltage ripple rate was less than 15%, the output current ripple rate was less than 6%, and the circuit efficiency was as high as 91%.

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5

Cheng, Chun-An, Hung-Liang Cheng, Chien-Hsuan Chang, En-Chih Chang, Zheng-You Kuo, Cheng-Kuan Lin, and Sheng-Hong Hou. "An AC-DC LED Integrated Streetlight Driver with Power Factor Correction and Soft-Switching Functions." Sustainability 15, no. 13 (July 5, 2023): 10579. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su151310579.

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Анотація:

The use of light-emitting diodes (LEDs) in street lighting applications has been greatly welcomed with the current trends of energy saving, environmental protection, carbon reduction, and sustainable development. This paper presents a novel AC-DC LED integrated streetlight driver that combines an interleaved buck converter with a coupled inductor and a half-bridge series resonant converter with a full-bridge rectifier into a single-stage power conversion topology with power factor correction (PFC) and soft switching capabilities. The PFC is achieved by designing the coupling inductor in the interleaved buck converter sub-circuit in discontinuous conduction mode. In addition, the resonant tank in the half-bridge series resonant converter sub-circuit is designed to be similar to an inductive load, thus giving the power switch a zero-voltage switching (ZVS) function, decreasing switching losses and increasing the overall efficiency of the proposed circuit. A prototype circuit of the proposed LED integrated streetlight driver with a power rating of 165 W (235 V/0.7 A) and 110 V input utility voltage has been developed and tested. According to the measurement results, a power factor greater than 0.98, a total harmonic distortion coefficient of the input current less than 3%, and an efficiency greater than 89% were obtained in the AC-DC LED integrated streetlight driver. Therefore, the experimental results are satisfactory and demonstrate the functionality of the proposed AC-DC LED integrated streetlight driver.

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6

Vitali, D., F. Garbuglia, V. D’Alessandro, and R. Ricci. "The renewable energy in a led standalone streetlight." International Journal of Energy Production and Management 2, no. 1 (January 1, 2017): 118–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/eq-v2-n1-118-128.

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7

Vitali, D., F. Garbuglia, V. D’Alessandro, and R. Ricci. "The renewable energy in a led standalone streetlight." International Journal of Energy Production and Management 2, no. 1 (January 1, 2017): 118–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/eq-v2-n1-118-129.

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8

Shin, Wang-Soo, Seung-Min Lee, Beom-Su Kim, and Dae-Hee Park. "150 W LED Streetlight Optimal Design Using 21 W LED Engine." Journal of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers 29, no. 1 (January 1, 2016): 62–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.4313/jkem.2016.29.1.62.

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9

Wood, Joanne M., Gillian Isoardi, Alex Black, and Ian Cowling. "Night-time driving visibility associated with LED streetlight dimming." Accident Analysis & Prevention 121 (December 2018): 295–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aap.2018.08.023.

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10

Park, Dae-Su, and Sung-Chul Oh. "Development of Solar Power System of Driving a Hybrid LED Streetlight." Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society 13, no. 12 (December 31, 2012): 6006–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.5762/kais.2012.13.12.6006.

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11

Jiang, Jinbo, Sandy To, W. B. Lee, and Benny Cheung. "Optical design of a freeform TIR lens for LED streetlight." Optik 121, no. 19 (October 2010): 1761–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijleo.2009.04.009.

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12

George Allwyn, Rona, Rashid Al Abri, Arif Malik, and Amer Al-Hinai. "Economic Analysis of Replacing HPS Lamp with LED Lamp and Cost Estimation to Set Up PV/Battery System for Street Lighting in Oman." Energies 14, no. 22 (November 17, 2021): 7697. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14227697.

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Анотація:

In this paper, two aspects related to streetlight systems are considered. In the first part, the economic analysis of replacing existing HPS lamps with light-emitting diode (LED) and discrete LED lamps for street lighting is performed using actual data from Oman. The street lighting system inside Sultan Qaboos University is considered for the case study. The discounted payback period, which is calculated to study the practicability of implementing the system, is found to be 1.01 years, making the system financially appealing. Moreover, the estimated reduction of a carbon footprint shows that tonnes of CO2 emissions are reduced, which makes it environmentally attractive. The second part of the paper considers optimal sizing of PV/battery system for a new streetlight system with LED lamps. The life cycle cost analysis was performed and the related cost of energy generated per kWh is estimated as 0.097 $/kWh which proves the economic viability of the system to be implemented in Oman besides minimizing the CO2 emissions to zero.

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13

Kim, Young-Suk, and Chi-Ho Lin. "High Speed PLC-based Automatic Control System for a Smart LED Streetlight." Journal of the Institute of Webcasting, Internet and Telecommunication 14, no. 5 (October 31, 2014): 95–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.7236/jiibc.2014.14.5.95.

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14

Wook Park, Jin, Yeo Seo hyun, Ho Yun Soen, Seong Mi Park, Sung Jun Park, and Gwang Heon Kim. "Standalone solar streetlamp sharing an interactive buck-boost converter." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 2.12 (April 3, 2018): 296. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i2.12.11309.

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Анотація:

Background/Objectives: Typically, the stand-alone solar streetlight system is used independently of DC/DC converter for battery charging and for LED lighting control. Such an independent power conversion system uses a DC/DC converter with only a voltage raising or reducing function for cost reduction (power semiconductor, inductor, capacitor, etc.). However, these DC/DC converters have limitations on efficiency increase in all voltage ranges when controlling MPPT. In addition, DC/DC converters for LED lighting have limitations in the design of the lighting voltage because the LED lighting operates only at voltages lower or higher than the battery voltage. Therefore, In this paper, a new power conversion system using a DC/DC converter for battery charging and for streetlight using a bi-directional buck and boost DC/DC converter.Methods/Statistical analysis: A prototype was fabricated and tested. The used equipment was a Tektronix oscilloscope, 24V (Lead-Acid) Battery, PV Simulator (ETS 1000X10D PVF_Sorensen) and WT 3000 (YOKOGAWA).Findings: By using a shared converter, cost savings were achieved by reducing the number of power semiconductor devices and the number of inductors and capacitors. In addition, it works as an input / output step-down converter to compensate the voltage design limit.Improvements/Applications: In <30 words.

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15

Lee, Ok-Jae. "A Design of the Solar Tracker for LED Streetlight in Using Solar Cell." Journal of the Korean Institute of Illuminating and Electrical Installation Engineers 27, no. 12 (December 31, 2013): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.5207/jieie.2013.27.12.001.

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16

In, Chi-Goog, and Chi-Ho Lin. "A Development of Multi-Sensors LED Streetlight Lighting Control System Based on RTOS." Journal of Korea Information and Communications Society 37C, no. 11 (November 30, 2012): 1020–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.7840/kics.2012.37c.11.1020.

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17

Tao, Huan Qi, and Ming Zhang. "Solar LED Street Light Control System for Wireless Sensor Networks Based on ZigBee." Advanced Materials Research 664 (February 2013): 1041–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.664.1041.

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Анотація:

According to the solar LED lights characteristics, combined with ZigBee technology and ATmage128L microprocessor. A used in street light control system for wireless sensor network technology solutions, given the sensor nodes and ZigBee routing and the coordinator node hardware and software implementations. The applications show that the system can effectively improve the LED streetlight system reliability, safety and economy. Offers a good hardware platform for wireless sensor networks applied research.

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18

Kerbiriou, Christian, Kévin Barré, Léa Mariton, Julie Pauwels, Georges Zissis, Alexandre Robert, and Isabelle Le Viol. "Switching LPS to LED Streetlight May Dramatically Reduce Activity and Foraging of Bats." Diversity 12, no. 4 (April 24, 2020): 165. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/d12040165.

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Artificial light at night is considered a major threat to biodiversity, especially for nocturnal species, as it reduces habitat availability, quality, and functionality. Since the recent evolution in light technologies in improving luminous efficacy, developed countries are experiencing a renewal of their lighting equipment that reaches its end-of-life, from conventional lighting technologies to light emitting diodes (LEDs). Despite potential cascading impacts of such a shift on nocturnal fauna, few studies have so far dealt with the impact of the renewal of street lighting by new technologies. Specifically, only one study, by Rowse et al.2016, examined the effects of switching from widely used low pressure sodium (LPS) lamps to LEDs, using bats as biological models. This study was based on a before-after-control-impact paired design (BACIP) at 12 pairs in the UK, each including one control and one experimental streetlight. If Rowse et al. 2016 showed no effect of switching to LEDs streetlights on bat activity, the effects of respective changes in light intensity and spectrum were not disentangled when testing switch effects. Here, we conduct a retrospective analysis of their data to include these covariates in statistical models with the aim of disentangling the relative effects of these light characteristics. Our re-analysis clearly indicates that the switches in spectrum and in intensity with replacement of LPS with LED lamps have significant additive and interactive effects, on bat activity. We also show that bat activity and buzz ratio decrease with increasing LED intensity while an opposite effect is observed with LPS lamps. Hence, the loss or the gain in bat activity when lamp types, i.e., spectrum, are switched strongly depends on the initial and new lamp intensities. Our results stress the need to consider simultaneously the effects of changes in the different lights characteristics when street lighting changes. Because switches from LPS to LED lamps can lead to an increase in light intensity, such technological changes may involve a reduction of bat activity in numerous cases, especially at high LED intensities. Since we are currently at an important crossroad in lighting management, we recommend to limit LED intensity and improve its spectral composition toward warmer colors to limit potential deleterious impacts on bat activity.

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19

Daely, Philip Tobianto, Satrya Gandeva Bayu, Jin Woo Kim, Yunseong Jang, Dong-Pyo Kim, and Soo Young Shin. "Wireless LED Streetlight Platform with Weather Monitoring and Color Temperature Control System." Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences 42, no. 5 (May 31, 2017): 1038–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.7840/kics.2017.42.5.1038.

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20

Hyun, Jin-Woo, Kyung-Sun Yoo, Dong-Hoon Hyun, and Chang-kyu Kim. "A Study on the IoT LED Streetlight Convergence Technology for Smart City Service." Journal of Next-generation Convergence Technology Association 4, no. 2 (April 30, 2020): 135–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.33097/jncta.2020.04.02.135.

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21

Nahm, Eui-Seok, and Han-Jin Cho. "Development of Convergence LED Streetlight and Speed Bump Using Solar Cell and Piezoelectric Element." Journal of Digital Convergence 14, no. 5 (May 28, 2016): 325–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.14400/jdc.2016.14.5.325.

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22

Lee, Kenneth Ee Meng, W. H. Deon Lum, and Joanna L. Coleman. "Ecological impacts of the LED-streetlight retrofit on insectivorous bats in Singapore." PLOS ONE 16, no. 5 (May 26, 2021): e0247900. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0247900.

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Анотація:

Cities around the world are transitioning to more efficient lighting schemes, especially retrofitting traditional, high-pressure sodium (HPS) streetlights with light-emitting diode (LED) lights. Although these initiatives aim to address the problems of urban sustainability and save money, the ecological impacts of these retrofits remain poorly understood, especially in brightly lit cities and in the tropics, where urbanisation is most rapid. We performed an experimental study of the retrofit in Singapore–focusing on insectivorous bats, whose activity we monitored acoustically along paired control (HPS-lit) and treatment (LED-lit) streets. We recorded seven species along these streets, but only obtained enough recordings to measure the effect of light type for three of them–all of which can reasonably be described as urban adapters. The strongest predictor of bat activity (an index of habitat use) was rainfall–it has a positive effect. Light type did not influence bat activity or species composition of the bat assemblage along these streets, though it did interact with the effects of rainfall and traffic noise for one bat species. Ultimately, the retrofit may be ecologically meaningless to urban-adapted, tropical insectivores that already experience high levels of light pollution as they do in Singapore. However, while our findings may appear reassuring to those concerned with such retrofits in other tropical and/or brightly-lit cities, they also highlight the contextual nature of ecological impacts. We point out that they should not be prematurely generalised to other locales and systems. In particular, they do not imply no impact on species that are less urban-adapted, and there is a clear need for further studies, for example, on responses of other foraging guilds and of bats (and insects) throughout the tropics.

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23

Fullitan, Ric Vincent T., Jason F. Mamac, Joshua T. Palma, Jestone C. Labastida, Michael P. Garay, and Maria Danesa S. Rabia. "Automatic Street Lighting Controller with Anti-Theft Alarm." International Journal of Recent Technology and Engineering (IJRTE) 10, no. 5 (January 30, 2022): 87–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.35940/ijrte.d6613.0110522.

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Анотація:

In times when security is the topmost priority of every community, the provision of adequate and functional streetlights is deemed necessary as one of the measures to protect life and property. In this study, the researchers designed and constructed a prototype device Automatic Streetlight Controller with anti-theft alarm using a Light-dependent resistor (LDR) and Photodiode – Infrared LED tandem. This study was conducted to assess the qualitative description, functionality, and level of acceptability regarding the constructed Automatic Streetlight Controller with Anti-theft device in terms of its performance as to device and simulator/trainer, the convenience of use, safety, assembly of parts, and cost. A mixed research design was used that includes both qualitative and quantitative research design. The qualitative description of the device was presented in narrative form and assessed using a focused-group discussion. Quantitative research design is done using quasi-experimental in testing the functionality, trials were made to assess its functionality and descriptive survey method was used to assess the level of acceptability. Probability sampling was also used thru the lottery method to get the two (2) selected groups of respondents: the 3rd year BSIT- Electricity block B students and community barangay officials of Calunasan, Calape, Bohol. T-test was used to test its significance using the 0.05α. Results have shown that on testing the device has 100% good performance and is rated as it functions well. The acceptability level was rated “very high” which means highly acceptable by both respondents. Therefore, the device can be used if implanted in existing street lights or newly built ones to improve the condition of our street lights to properly illuminate the streets for an improved security system.

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24

Lee, Wan-Bum. "Study on the Development of Large Capacity LED Streetlight Luminaire with adjustable Light Distribution Characteristic." Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society 16, no. 12 (December 31, 2015): 8901–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.5762/kais.2015.16.12.8901.

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25

Lee, Sang Hoon, and Soo Young Shin. "Design and Implementation of LED Streetlight System for Remote Control and Wi-Fi Service." Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences 40, no. 1 (January 30, 2015): 233–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.7840/kics.2015.40.1.233.

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26

Shende, Arati, Pooja Gatpade, Shubham Marekar, and Prof Sagar Bhaisare. "Review of Various Technology Automatic Dimming Control of LED Street Light." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 10, no. 4 (April 30, 2022): 2016–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2022.41642.

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Abstract: In present day, the maintenance of streetlight is one of the major problem for electricity boards in India. Also, there is scope for saving power during off peak time i.e. in from around midnight 12AM to 04AM in the morning. The methods that are currently used to maintain and control the street light is more complex and uneconomical. In this paper a new technique is proposed to control the intensity of LED Street lights using LDR, and to automate street lights using PIR sensors, and LDRs, resulting in power saving. Implementation is done using PIC controller. This paper presents a smart street lighting system which provides a safe night time environment for all road users and pedestrian. The main objectives are to build an automation system of street lighting using a low-cost microcontroller which is PIC and to achieve energy-saving. Light Emitting Diode (LED) is represented as the light module. This system is controlled according to the specific mode. These modes are controlled by two sensors which are Light Dependent Resistor (LDR) and Passive Infrared (PIR) sensor. This system can automatically turn on and off the lights according to traffic flow. This system operates during the night and the focus is only for the one-way road at a junction. Street light will be on when only there is road user otherwise, it will turn off. This design can save a great amount of electricity or energy consumption compared to conventional street lights that keep alight during nights. Moreover, the maintenance cost can be reduced and lifespan of the system will increase. As the result, the system has been successfully designed and implemented as a model system. Keywords: PIR, LDR, Streetlights, Power supply, microcontroller

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27

Shende, Arati, Pooja Gatpade, Shubham Marekar, and Prof Sagar Bhaisare. "Review of Various Technology Automatic Dimming Control of LED Street Light." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 10, no. 4 (April 30, 2022): 2016–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2022.41642.

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Анотація:

Abstract: In present day, the maintenance of streetlight is one of the major problem for electricity boards in India. Also, there is scope for saving power during off peak time i.e. in from around midnight 12AM to 04AM in the morning. The methods that are currently used to maintain and control the street light is more complex and uneconomical. In this paper a new technique is proposed to control the intensity of LED Street lights using LDR, and to automate street lights using PIR sensors, and LDRs, resulting in power saving. Implementation is done using PIC controller. This paper presents a smart street lighting system which provides a safe night time environment for all road users and pedestrian. The main objectives are to build an automation system of street lighting using a low-cost microcontroller which is PIC and to achieve energy-saving. Light Emitting Diode (LED) is represented as the light module. This system is controlled according to the specific mode. These modes are controlled by two sensors which are Light Dependent Resistor (LDR) and Passive Infrared (PIR) sensor. This system can automatically turn on and off the lights according to traffic flow. This system operates during the night and the focus is only for the one-way road at a junction. Street light will be on when only there is road user otherwise, it will turn off. This design can save a great amount of electricity or energy consumption compared to conventional street lights that keep alight during nights. Moreover, the maintenance cost can be reduced and lifespan of the system will increase. As the result, the system has been successfully designed and implemented as a model system. Keywords: PIR, LDR, Streetlights, Power supply, microcontroller

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28

Shin, Wang-Soo, Seung-Min Lee, Young-Guk Gwon, Jin-Youle Lee, and Dae-Hee Park. "A Study on the Lighting Distribution Optimal Design of 250 W LED Streetlight." Journal of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers 28, no. 6 (June 1, 2015): 408–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.4313/jkem.2015.28.6.408.

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29

Cheng, Chun-An, and Tsung-Yuan Chung. "A single-stage LED streetlight driver with PFC and digital PWM dimming capability." International Journal of Circuit Theory and Applications 44, no. 11 (March 22, 2016): 1942–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cta.2203.

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30

Lee, Wan-Bum. "Study on the Development of LED streetlight control system using GPS satellite communication and Arduino." Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society 17, no. 4 (April 30, 2016): 632–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.5762/kais.2016.17.4.632.

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31

Gudadhe, Mansee, Sakshi Nanaware, Naynika Bagde, and Prof Sagar Bhaisare. "A Review of Automatic Irradiation Adjustment Based LED Street Light with Vehicle Movement Detection." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 10, no. 4 (April 30, 2022): 2013–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2022.41643.

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Abstract: In present day, the maintenance of streetlight is one of the major problem for electricity boards in India. Also, there is scope for saving power during off peak time i.e. in from around midnight 12AM to 04AM in the morning. The methods that are currently used to maintain and control the street light is more complex and uneconomical. In this paper a new technique is proposed to control the intensity of LED Street lights using LDR, and to automate street lights using PIR sensors, and LDRs, resulting in power saving. Implementation is done using PIC controller. This paper presents a smart street lighting system which provides a safe night time environment for all road users and pedestrian. The main objectives are to build an automation system of street lighting using a low-cost microcontroller which is PIC and to achieve energy-saving. Light Emitting Diode (LED) is represented as the light module. This system is controlled according to the specific mode. These modes are controlled by two sensors which are Light Dependent Resistor (LDR) and Passive Infrared (PIR) sensor. This system can automatically turn on and off the lights according to traffic flow. This system operates during the night and the focus is only for the one-way road at a junction. Street light will be on when only there is road user otherwise, it will turn off. This design can save a great amount of electricity or energy consumption compared to conventional street lights that keep alight during nights. Moreover, the maintenance cost can be reduced and lifespan of the system will increase. As the result, the system has been successfully designed and implemented as a model system Keywords: PIR, LDR, Streetlights, Power supply, microcontroller

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32

Gudadhe, Mansee, Sakshi Nanaware, Naynika Bagde, and Prof Sagar Bhaisare. "A Review of Automatic Irradiation Adjustment Based LED Street Light with Vehicle Movement Detection." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 10, no. 4 (April 30, 2022): 2013–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2022.41643.

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Abstract: In present day, the maintenance of streetlight is one of the major problem for electricity boards in India. Also, there is scope for saving power during off peak time i.e. in from around midnight 12AM to 04AM in the morning. The methods that are currently used to maintain and control the street light is more complex and uneconomical. In this paper a new technique is proposed to control the intensity of LED Street lights using LDR, and to automate street lights using PIR sensors, and LDRs, resulting in power saving. Implementation is done using PIC controller. This paper presents a smart street lighting system which provides a safe night time environment for all road users and pedestrian. The main objectives are to build an automation system of street lighting using a low-cost microcontroller which is PIC and to achieve energy-saving. Light Emitting Diode (LED) is represented as the light module. This system is controlled according to the specific mode. These modes are controlled by two sensors which are Light Dependent Resistor (LDR) and Passive Infrared (PIR) sensor. This system can automatically turn on and off the lights according to traffic flow. This system operates during the night and the focus is only for the one-way road at a junction. Street light will be on when only there is road user otherwise, it will turn off. This design can save a great amount of electricity or energy consumption compared to conventional street lights that keep alight during nights. Moreover, the maintenance cost can be reduced and lifespan of the system will increase. As the result, the system has been successfully designed and implemented as a model system Keywords: PIR, LDR, Streetlights, Power supply, microcontroller

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33

Yoon, Sungwook, and Hyenki Kim. "Design of Bidirectional Remote Control Module of LED Advertisement Streetlight by User Participation Control." International Journal of Multimedia and Ubiquitous Engineering 11, no. 1 (January 31, 2016): 213–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.14257/ijmue.2016.11.1.21.

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34

Daely, Philip Tobianto, Haftu Tasew Reda, Gandeva Bayu Satrya, Jin Woo Kim, and Soo Young Shin. "Design of Smart LED Streetlight System for Smart City With Web-Based Management System." IEEE Sensors Journal 17, no. 18 (September 15, 2017): 6100–6110. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/jsen.2017.2734101.

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35

Cheng, Chun-An, Ching-Hsien Tseng, Ping-Han Feng, and Kuo-Ching Tseng. "A novel single-stage LED driver for energy-saving streetlight applications with interleaved power-factorcorrection." International Journal of Green Energy 15, no. 5 (March 1, 2018): 286–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15435075.2016.1253574.

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36

Nelson, Mr Nathaniel Awudu, Effraim Patrick, Napoleon Addison, Mr Abayemah Alphonsus Bayor, and Mr Nicholas Owusu-Debrah. "Implementation of wireless intelligent street lighting with phase-detection system." International Journal of Latest Technology in Engineering, Management & Applied Science 11, no. 10 (2022): 31–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.51583/ijltemas.2022.111002.

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The advancement of technologies in wireless communication has led to several engineering designs for human requirements to solve a country’s problems. Ghana as a country has issues with power instability on domestic, single-phase lines, to monitor some of these line faults “example when an area power outage occurs is a problem for the power distribution company to be aware of this fault ”, this intelligent wireless street lighting with a phase-detection system is to solve this problem by automatically switch power sources to the battery which powers the streetlight when the national gridline is off, for temporal light at the location or area and also send a monitoring notification to the fault monitoring office, with the fault code for feather investigation. The project consists of a battery, inverter circuit, microcontroller, LCD, and current sensor. The system power battery stores a current of 9Ah (Ampere-hour), which means the battery can provide 9 amperes of current in one hour which can sustain three light units to the next morning. Since the system uses a 3.3 ampere the lamp, the battery can produce power within 6 hours before the power supply will be switched to the power grid for charging or for the fault to be rectified. From the data gathered, we can say that it is possible to use a streetlight to monitor line faults and also produce a two-way powering street light. The system is proven to be effective and operational.

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37

Visconti, Paolo, Daniele Romanello, Giovanni Zizzari, Vito Ventura, and Giorgio Cavalera. "Design, Measurements and Characterization of Smart Electronic Board for PV Streetlight Based on LED and High Intensity Discharge Lamps." International Journal of Measurement Technologies and Instrumentation Engineering 1, no. 3 (July 2011): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijmtie.2011070101.

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This work presents an electronic board for driving and control of High Intensity Discharge (HID) lamps and Light Emitting Diode (LED) lamps. The proposed electronic board is able to drive HID or LED lamps by means of a reconfigurable output. This feature allows using the ballast in lighting systems that currently use traditional discharge lamps, as well as keeping the same ballast when discharge lamps are replaced by LED modules in the near future, when LED street lighting systems will be more affordable. Additionally, since the lighting system is designed to be used in rural areas where there is no public electricity, each lighting point incorporates a system to convert solar energy into continuous voltage by means of photovoltaic panels. In this work, energy saving issues are taken into account.

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38

Lozano-Miralles, José Adolfo, Manuel Jesús Hermoso-Orzáez, Alfonso Gago-Calderón, and Paulo Brito. "LCA Case Study to LED Outdoor Luminaries as a Circular Economy Solution to Local Scale." Sustainability 12, no. 1 (December 25, 2019): 190. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12010190.

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The replacement of luminaires with discharge lamps with high luminous efficacy and long life-time LED based equipment is a reality worldwide promoted by policies that favor their gradual substitution. There is a great concern in this manufacturing industry to develop new luminaires with low environmental impact during the manufacturing and transportation processes and its end-of-life disposal (reducing greenhouse gas emissions, toxic or hazardous components, …). Life cycle assessment (LCA) is a very extended tool used to provide information on the quality and quantity of environmental impacts in the life cycle phases of any product, system, or service. This article includes all phases of the LCA analysis of a selected streetlight LED luminaire manufactured by a SME where a landfill deposit is the end-of-life scenario. In a second phase, alternatives are sought for the reuse of the most significant elements that improve its local economy. The results are classified and sorted according to the ISO 14040 standard.

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39

Damodaran, Sruthi. "Double Integrated-Buck Boost Converter versus Double Integrated-Buck Topology for LED Lamps." Asian Journal of Electrical Sciences 8, S1 (June 5, 2019): 19–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.51983/ajes-2019.8.s1.2314.

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In this paper a comparative study between two different approaches for LED driving based on the double integrated buck boost and a double integrated Buck converter. It presents a single-stage, single-switch, transformer less ac/dc converter suitable for Led lighting applications. High Brightness Light Emitting Diodes (HB LEDs) can be seriously considered for replacing conventional halogen, incandescent and fluorescent lamps in general illumination including streetlights due to the rapid development in LED technology in recent years. In many offline applications, maintaining a high-power factor and low harmonics are of primary importance. Single stage power factor pre-regulation technology is mainly preferred in cost sensitive applications where power factor regulation is necessary, as adding additional power factor correction controller will surely increase the cost. Here a high-power-factor, long life integrated converter able to supply LED lamps from ac mains is presented. This topology integrates a buck-boost type power-factor correction (PFC) cell with a buck–boost dc/dc converter there by providing the necessary high input power factor and low Total Harmonic Distortion (THD). An isolation transformer increases complexities in the implementation of feedback and control. The proposed topology is non-isolated and hence much simpler in implementation. The main advantage of this converter is that this circuit uses only one controllable switch. The converter is used to provide power factor correction in streetlight application. A Double integrated buck converter finds application in fields of solid-state lighting. Buck Converter is widely used for step down dc-dc conversion when there is no isolation requirement. The narrow duty cycle of the buck converter limits its application for high step-down applications. The double integrated buck converter overcomes its limitation. This converter also provides high power factor and output current regulation. A Double integrated buck converter uses for the offline power supply for LED lighting based on the integration of a buck power factor corrector (PFC) and the tapped buck dc/dc converter having high step-down capability and good output current regulation. Due to the high reliability, the simple structure, and the low component count, the proposed topology effectively results to be very suitable for medium power solid-state lighting applications. From Comparative analysis of two circuits integrated double buck boost converter is found to be more efficient with high power factor and low THD.

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40

Cheng, Chun-An, Chien-Hsuan Chang, Hung-Liang Cheng, Ching-Hsien Tseng, and Tsung-Yuan Chung. "A Single-Stage High-Power-Factor Light-Emitting Diode (LED) Driver with Coupled Inductors for Streetlight Applications." Applied Sciences 7, no. 2 (February 10, 2017): 167. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app7020167.

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41

Park, Sanguk, Byeongkwan Kang, Myeong-in Choi, Seonki Jeon, and Sehyun Park. "A micro-distributed ESS-based smart LED streetlight system for intelligent demand management of the micro grid." Sustainable Cities and Society 39 (May 2018): 801–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scs.2017.10.023.

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42

Jones, Benjamin A. "Spillover health effects of energy efficiency investments: Quasi-experimental evidence from the Los Angeles LED streetlight program." Journal of Environmental Economics and Management 88 (March 2018): 283–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jeem.2018.01.002.

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43

Robles, José, Jaime Zamorano, Sergio Pascual, Alejandro Sánchez de Miguel, Jesús Gallego, and Kevin J. Gaston. "Evolution of Brightness and Color of the Night Sky in Madrid." Remote Sensing 13, no. 8 (April 14, 2021): 1511. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs13081511.

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Major schemes to replace other streetlight technologies with Light-Emitting Diode (LED) lamps are being undertaken across much of the world. This is predicted to have important consequences for nighttime sky brightness and color. Here, we report the results of a long-term study of these characteristics focused on the skies above Madrid. The sky brightness and color monitoring station at Universidad Complutense de Madrid (inside the city) collected Johnson B, V, and R sky brightness data, Sky Quality Meter (SQM), and Telescope Encoder Sky Sensor-WiFi (TESS-W) broadband photometry throughout the night, every night between 2010–2020. Our analysis includes a data filtering process that can be used with other similar sky brightness monitoring data. Major changes in sky brightness and color took place during 2015–2016, when a sizable fraction of the streetlamps in Madrid changed from High-Pressure Sodium (HPS) to LEDs. The sky brightness detected in the Johnson B band darkened by 14% from 2011 to 2015 and brightened by 32% from 2015 to 2019.

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44

Elvidge, Christopher D., Mikhail Zhizhin, David Keith, Steven D. Miller, Feng Chi Hsu, Tilottama Ghosh, Sharolyn J. Anderson, et al. "The VIIRS Day/Night Band: A Flicker Meter in Space?" Remote Sensing 14, no. 6 (March 9, 2022): 1316. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs14061316.

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The VIIRS day/night band (DNB) high gain stage (HGS) pixel effective dwell time is in the range of 2–3 milliseconds (ms), which is about one third of the flicker cycle present in lighting powered by alternating current. Thus, if flicker is present, it induces random fluctuations in nightly DNB radiances. This results in increased variance in DNB temporal profiles. A survey of flicker characteristics conducted with high-speed camera data collected on a wide range of individual luminaires found that the flicker is most pronounced in high-intensity discharge (HID) lamps, such as high- and low-pressure sodium and metal halides. Flicker is muted, but detectable, in incandescent luminaires. Modern light-emitting diodes (LEDs) and fluorescent lights are often nearly flicker-free, thanks to high-quality voltage smoothing. DNB pixel footprints are about half a square kilometer and can contain vast numbers of individual luminaires, some of which flicker, while others do not. If many of the flickering lights are drawing from a common AC supplier, the flicker can be synchronized and leave an imprint on the DNB temporal profile. In contrast, multiple power supplies will throw the flickering out of synchronization, resulting in a cacophony with less radiance fluctuation. The examination of DNB temporal profiles for locations before and after the conversion of high-intensity discharge (HID) to LED streetlight conversions shows a reduction in the index of dispersion, calculated by dividing the annual variance by the mean. There are a number of variables that contribute to radiance variations in the VIIRS DNB, including the view angle, cloud optical thickness, atmospheric variability, snow cover, lunar illuminance, and the compilation of temporal profiles using pixels whose footprints are not perfectly aligned. It makes sense to adjust the DNB radiance for as many of these extraneous effects as possible. However, none of these adjustments will reduce the radiance instability introduced by flicker. Because flicker is known to affect organisms, including humans, the development of methods to detect and rate the strength of flickering from space will open up new areas of research on the biologic impacts of artificial lighting. Over time, there is a trend towards the reduction of flicker in outdoor lighting through the replacement of HID with low-flicker LED sources. This study indicates that the effects of LED conversions on the brightness and steadiness of outdoor lighting can be analyzed with VIIRS DNB temporal profiles.

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45

Cooper, Keith. "LED streetlights responsible for blue-light pollution in Europe." Physics World 35, no. 11 (December 1, 2022): 6i. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/2058-7058/35/11/06.

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46

Park, Seung-Jae, Tae-Hee Lee, and Kwan-Soo Lee. "Design Optimization of an Extruded-type Cooling Structure for Reducing the Weight of LED Streetlights." Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering 28, no. 10 (October 10, 2016): 394–401. http://dx.doi.org/10.6110/kjacr.2016.28.10.394.

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47

Dong-Ge, YAO, and CHEN Jian-Xin. "The Study on the Reliability of High Power LED Streetlights." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 276 (February 1, 2011): 012197. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/276/1/012197.

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48

Lee, Shi-Woo, Chang-Soo Lee, and Dong-Hoon Hyun. "A Study on Aspheric Optics European LED Streetlights Type for the Prevention of Light Pollution." Journal of manufacturing engineering & technology 22, no. 3 (June 15, 2013): 429–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.7735/ksmte.2013.22.3.429.

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49

Li, Yang, and Chen Kui. "The Design of LED Streetlights Controller with Light Control Long Time-Lapse." Advanced Materials Research 945-949 (June 2014): 2555–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.945-949.2555.

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This paper focus on the features of half power saving in city road lighting LED retrofits , presences a light control and time-lapse switch LED lights control scheme, use photoresistor, 555 time base circuit and CD4060 binary counter, realized the control circuit design. The experimental results show that the proposed scheme in this paper is simple, practical and reliable.

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50

Urmston, Jennifer, K. David Hyrenbach та Keith Swindle. "Quantifying wedge-tailed shearwater (Ardenna pacifica) fallout after changes in highway lighting on Southeast Oʻahu, Hawaiʻi". PLOS ONE 17, № 3 (24 березня 2022): e0265832. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0265832.

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Attraction to artificial light at night (ALAN) poses a threat to many fledgling seabirds leaving their nests for the first time. In Hawaiʻi, fledgling wedge-tailed shearwaters disoriented by lights may become grounded due to exhaustion or collision, exposing them to additional threats from road traffic and predation. While the timing and magnitude of shearwater fallout varies from year to year, little is known about how changing lighting and environmental conditions influence the risk of grounding for this species. We analyzed 8 years (2012–2019) of observations of road-killed shearwaters along the Kalanianaʻole Highway on Oʻahu to quantify the timing and magnitude of fallout during the fledging season (November–December). Our goal was to compare fallout before (2012–15) and after (2016–19) a transition in highway lighting from unshielded high-pressure sodium (HPS) to full-cutoff light-emitting diode (LED) streetlights. To detect the shearwater response to the lighting regime, we also accounted for three potential environmental drivers of interannual variability in fallout: moon illumination, wind speed, and wind direction. The effects of these environmental drivers varied across years, with moon illumination, wind speed and wind direction significantly affecting fallout in at least one year. Altogether, the interaction between moon illumination and wind speed was the most important predictor, suggesting that fallout increases during nights with low moon and strong winds. The lack of an increase in fallout after the change from HPS to shielded 3000K - 4000K LED streetlights suggests the new streetlights did not worsen the light pollution impacts on wedge-tailed shearwaters on Southeast Oʻahu. However, due to potential species-specific disparities in the behavior and light attraction of petrels, similar studies are needed before energy saving LED lights are implemented throughout the Hawaiian archipelago.

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