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Статті в журналах з теми "Le Chat du Rabbin"

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Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 10 грудня 2022

Оновлено: 28 січня 2023

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1

Benhaïm, André. "La Langue au Chat (du Rabbin) : Itinéraires dans l’Etrange Bande Dessinée de Joann Sfar." Contemporary French and Francophone Studies 11, no. 2 (April 2007): 241–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17409290701248898.

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2

Klein, Laura. "At the Intersection of Ecocriticism and the Colonial Maghreb: Antoine Delesvaux and Joann Sfar’s Le chat du rabbin." L'Esprit Créateur 57, no. 1 (2017): 111–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/esp.2017.0009.

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3

Saito, Akira, Jang-Yen Wu, and Tony J. F. Lee. "Evidence for the Presence of Cholinergic Nerves in Cerebral Arteries: An Immunohistochemical Demonstration of Choline Acetyltransferase." Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism 5, no. 2 (June 1985): 327–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/jcbfm.1985.42.

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The presence of cholinergic nerves in cerebral arteries of several species was investigated by an immunohistochemical method using antibodies against choline acetyltransferase (ChAT). In cats, pigs, rats, and dogs, ChAT immunoreactivities were found to be associated with large bundles and single fibers in the circle of Willis and anterior cerebral, middle cerebral, and basilar arteries. In the rabbit, the ChAT-immunoreactive (ChAT-I) nerves were also observed in the circle of Willis and anterior and middle cerebral arteries, but only few or none were found in the basilar and vertebral arteries. The ChAT-I nerves were found only in the adventitial layer of vessels examined. Superior cervical ganglionectomy did not appreciably affect the distribution of ChAT-I nerves. These results indicate the presence of cholinergic nerves in cerebral arteries. The distribution pattern of ChAT-I nerves was different from that of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP)-like-immunoreactive nerves and acetylcholinesterase-positive nerves. The possible coexistence of ChAT and VIP-like substance in the same neuron is discussed.

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4

OSBORNE, NEVILLE N. "Memantine reduces alterations to the mammalian retina, in situ, induced by ischemia." Visual Neuroscience 16, no. 1 (January 1999): 45–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0952523899161017.

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The aim of the study was to determine whether memantine could slow down the changes seen in the rabbit and rat retina following ischemia/reperfusion. A “suction cup procedure,” which raises the intraocular pressure, was used to give an ischemic insult to the rabbit retina. The electroretinogram was recorded before ischemia and after 2 days of reperfusion. Memantine or saline (10 μl) was injected into the eye before ischemia. Immunohistochemistry was used to study the effect of ischemia/reperfusion on the GABA, ChAT, and αPKC immunoreactivities. Ischemia/reperfusion injury to the rat retina was induced by raising the intraocular pressure above the systolic blood pressure for 60 min, followed by reperfusion of 3–14 days. Memantine (5 mg/kg) or saline was injected i.p. at the onset of ischemia or reperfusion. Immunohistochemistry was used to study the effect of ischemia/reperfusion on the ChAT, αPKC, and Thy-1 immunoreactivities. In addition, morphometric analysis was carried out to determine the effects of ischemia/reperfusion on the thickness of the retina. Ischemia for 75 min caused a change in the nature of the normal GABA and ChAT immunoreactivities in the rabbit retina and a reduction in the b-wave of the electroretinogram. When memantine was injected into the vitreous humour at the onset of an ischemic insult, the changes in the GABA and ChAT immunoreactivities were reduced and the recovery of the reduced b-wave of the electroretinogram after 2 days reperfusion was enhanced significantly. Ischemia for 60 min followed by 3 days reperfusion showed a clear change in ChAT immunoreactivity in the rat retina. The Thy-1 immunoreactivity was only clearly altered after a reperfusion period of 7 days. Moreover, a measurable change in the thickness of the inner retinal layers was detected after 14 days of reperfusion. When given at the onset of ischemia, memantine counteracted the effect of ischemia/reperfusion to varying degrees. However, when memantine was given at the onset of the reperfusion this was not the case. The combined data show that a single injection of memantine given i.p. or intravitreally will protect the retina from a subsequent ischemic insult.

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5

FAMIGLIETTI, EDWARD V., and SARAH J. SUNDQUIST. "Development of excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmitters in transitory cholinergic neurons, starburst amacrine cells, and GABAergic amacrine cells of rabbit retina, with implications for previsual and visual development of retinal ganglion cells." Visual Neuroscience 27, no. 1-2 (March 2010): 19–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0952523810000052.

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AbstractStarburst amacrine cells (SACs), the only acetylcholine (ACh)-releasing amacrine cells (ACs) in adult rabbit retina, contain GABA and are key elements in the retina’s directionally selective (DS) mechanism. Unlike many other GABAergic ACs, they use glutamic acid decarboxlyase (GAD)67, not GAD65, to synthesize GABA. Using immunocytochemistry, we demonstrate the apoptosis at birth (P0) of transitory putative ACs that exhibit immunoreactivity (IR) for the ACh-synthetic enzyme choline acetyltransferase (ChAT), GAD67, and the GABA transporter, GAT1. Only a few intact, displaced ChAT-immunoreactive SAC bodies are detected at P0. At P2, ChAT-IR is detected in the two narrowly stratified substrata of starburst dendrites in the inner plexiform layer (IPL). Quantitative analysis reveals that in the first postnatal week, only a small fraction of SACs cells express ChAT- and GABA-IR. Not until the end of the second week are they expressed in all SACs. At P0, a three-tiered stratification of GABA-IR is present in the IPL, entirely different from the adult pattern of seven substrata, emerging at P3–P4, and optimally visualized at P13. At P0, GAD65 is detectable in normally placed AC bodies. At P1, GAD65-IR appears in dendrites of nonstarburst GABAergic ACs, and by P5 is robust in the adult pattern of four substrata in the IPL. GAD65-IR never co-localizes with ChAT-IR. In a temporal comparison of our data with physiological, pharmacological, and ultrastructural studies, we suggest that transitory ChAT-immunoreactive cells share with SACs production of stage II (nicotinic) waves of previsual synchronous activity in ganglion cells (GCs). Further, we conclude that (1) GAD65-immunoreactive, non-SAC GABAergic ACs are the most likely candidates responsible for the suppression of stage III (muscarinic/AMPA-kainate) waves and (2) DS responses first appear in DS GCs, when about 50% of SACs express ChAT- and GABA-IR, and in 100% of DS GCs, when expression occurs in all SACs.

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6

Schemann, M., H. Sann, C. Schaaf, and M. Mader. "Identification of cholinergic neurons in enteric nervous system by antibodies against choline acetyltransferase." American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology 265, no. 5 (November 1, 1993): G1005—G1009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpgi.1993.265.5.g1005.

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Several different monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies to choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) were screened to identify effective antibodies for immunocytochemical marking of cholinergic neurons in the enteric nervous system. Excellent immunohistochemical results were obtained with two of the antibodies in the myenteric plexus of the guinea pig stomach and small intestine. One was a mouse monoclonal antibody designated B3.9B3, and the second was a rabbit polyclonal antibody referred to as Peptide 3. Both antibodies clearly stained neuronal cell bodies as well as nerve fibers to the muscle layers and fibers encircling stained and unstained cell bodies. Cell counts indicated that approximately 64% (21.0 +/- 8.6 cells/ganglion) of gastric myenteric neurons are ChAT positive. Pelvic ganglia and the inferior mesenteric ganglia were examined as controls. Strong labeling of the majority of neurons was found in the pelvic ganglia, whereas few immunoreactive cells were apparent in the predominantly noradrenergic inferior mesenteric ganglion. Lack of effective antibodies to enteric neuronal ChAT has hampered progress in the study of the neurophysiology of cholinergic neurons in the digestive tract. Application of the B3.9B3 and Peptide 3 antibodies now promises to facilitate investigation of this important subset of enteric neurons.

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7

AMTHOR, FRANKLIN R., KENT T. KEYSER, and NINA A. DMITRIEVA. "Effects of the destruction of starburst-cholinergic amacrine cells by the toxin AF64A on rabbit retinal directional selectivity." Visual Neuroscience 19, no. 4 (July 2002): 495–509. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0952523802194119.

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The effects of intraocular injections of ethylcholine mustard aziridinium ion (AF64A), an irreversible inhibitor of choline uptake, on the rabbit retina were assessed electrophysiologically, pharmacologically, anatomically, and behaviorally. Survival times from 1 day to 30 days were investigated. After 24 h, the shortest time tested, the directional selectivity of On–Off responding ganglion cells having the characteristic morphology of On–Off directionally selective directionally selective (DS) ganglion cells, as revealed by intracellular dye injection, was significantly reduced, both by an apparent decrease of preferred direction responses and an increase in responses to null-direction movement. No toxin-mediated changes in the dendritic trees of these cells were noted. Cells in AF64A-affected retinas having the DS morphology did not respond significantly to GABAergic or cholinergic agents such as picrotoxin and eserine, but did respond to nicotine. Recordings from a small random sample of other ganglion cell classes in the same retinas yielded no obvious changes in response properties. The direct effects on starburst (cholinergic) amacrine cells, which were identified by intraocular injection of the fluorescent dye DAPI with the AF64A, were investigated by intracellular injections of Lucifer yellow, and by immunohistochemical staining with antibodies to choline acetyltransferase (ChAT). Although starburst amacrine cell somas survived the AF64A treatment for at least several days, the dendrites could not be visualized by fluorescent dye injection in affected retinas due to dye leakage of the injected fluorescent dye from either the soma or proximal dendritic region. ChAT staining revealed a sequence in which ChAT-positive cells were undetectable first in the inner nuclear layer, and then in the ganglion cell layer. Cholinergic amacrine cells in the central retina were also affected before those in the periphery. The electrophysiological changes observed typically preceded the loss of ChAT activity. Behavioral tests for optokinetic nystagmus responses also revealed a lack of such responses in the affected eyes.

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8

DMITRIEVA, NINA A., JON M. LINDSTROM, and KENT T. KEYSER. "The relationship between GABA-containing cells and the cholinergic circuitry in the rabbit retina." Visual Neuroscience 18, no. 1 (January 2001): 93–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0952523801181083.

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As a part of ongoing efforts to understand the cholinergic circuitry in the mammalian retina, we studied the coexpression of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), the GABA transporter 1 (GAT-1), or choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) immunoreactivity in the rabbit retina. Double-label experiments with monoclonal antibody 210 (mAb 210) against nAChRs and antibodies against GABA revealed that several populations of GABA-containing amacrine, displaced amacrine, and ganglion cells displayed nAChR immunoreactivity. Some of them also exhibited ChAT immunoreactivity and were identified as the cholinoceptive starburst cells. Other GABAergic amacrine cells positive for mAb 210 were not cholinergic. Simultaneous visualization of mAb 210 and GAT-1 immunoreactivity revealed that 10% of GAT-1 immunoreactive amacrine cells contained nAChRs. Ninety-nine percent of the GAT-1 labeled cells demonstrated GABA immunoreactivity, but only 75% of the GABAergic cells were outlined by GAT-1 staining. Neither population of starburst cells exhibited GAT-1 immunoreactivity. Thus, mAb 210 expressing, GAT-1 positive cells in the rabbit retina constitute a noncholinergic subset of GABAergic amacrine cells. Taken together, our results suggest that some GABAergic amacrine cells are cholinoceptive, raising the possibility that ACh, acting through nAChRs, can modulate the release of GABA in the rabbit retina.

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9

Brandon, Christopher. "Cholinergic amacrine neurons of the dogfish retina." Visual Neuroscience 6, no. 6 (June 1991): 553–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0952523800002534.

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AbstractIn the mammalian retina, the dendritic arbors of cholinergic amacrine neurons have a unique starburst shape; these arbors lie in narrow sublaminae within the inner plexiform layer, where they provide input to a wide variety of ganglion cell types. Immunocytochemistry has been used to identify cholinergic cells in one poikilotherm, the goldfish (Tumosa et al., 1984), but there has been no description of the detailed dendritic morphology of these cells in the lower vertebrates. In the present study, cholinergic neurons have been characterized, by immunocytochemistry and dye filling, in the retina of the Pacific Coast dogfish, Squalus acanthias.The inner nuclear layer contained two populations of choline acetyltransferase-immunoreactive amacrine cells, of different sizes (average soma diameters 12.2 vs. 16.3 μm); 70% of the immunoreactive cells were of the smaller type. Cholinergic dendrites from these two cell populations formed two narrow strata within the inner plexiform layer, at depths of 14% and 31%. In the ganglion cell layer, 40% of the cells were immunoreactive for choline acetyltransferase (ChAT); these cells were very homogeneous in size, had an average diameter of 12.6 μm, and appeared to represent a single class of cholinergic amacrine. The dendrites of these cells formed a single, narrow stratum within the inner plexiform layer, at a depth of 59%.In living preparations, the smallest cell bodies in the ganglion cell layer were filled iontophoretically with Lucifer Yellow, under microscopic control. Such cells invariably had a stellate morphology; in many cases, they appeared quite similar to the starburst cholinergic amacrine cells described in rabbit and rat (Vaney, 1984; Voigt, 1986). Although double-label experiments failed to demonstrate ChAT immunoreactivity in specific dye-filled cells, the dendritic arbors of individual dye-filled stellate dogfish amacrines did co-stratify precisely with the proximal ChAT-immunoreactive sublamina of the inner plexiform layer. In addition, dye injection and ChAT immunocytochemistry appeared to label the same population of dogfish neurons, as suggested by the close structural similarity, and similar numerical proportion, of the cells identified with these two techniques.Similarities between the displaced cholinergic amacrine neurons of the dogfish retina, and the cholinergic, “starburst” amacrine neurons of the rabbit retina, are discussed.

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10

Lévy, Monique. "Henri Schilli, rabbin." Archives Juives 37, no. 1 (2004): 134. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/aj.371.0134.

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11

Job, Françoise. "Paul Haguenauer, grand rabbin." Archives Juives 35, no. 2 (2002): 145. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/aj.352.0145.

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12

Birnbaum, Pierre. "Tirez sur le rabbin !" Critique 725, no. 10 (2007): 750. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/criti.725.0750.

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13

Ramboarison-Lalao, Lovanirina, Alioune Bah, and Isabelle Barth. "Pasteur, imam, prêtre et rabbin." Revue internationale de psychosociologie et de gestion des comportements organisationnels XXI, no. 52 (2015): 89. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/rips1.052.0089.

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14

Von Post, Ingrid Marie. "Gottlieb Klein – rabbin och religionshistoriker." Nordisk Judaistik/Scandinavian Jewish Studies 12, no. 1 (January 1, 1991): 1–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.30752/nj.69455.

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15

Charuty, Giordana. "Une consultation du rabbin Schnéersohn." L'Homme, no. 185-186 (January 1, 2008): 485–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/lhomme.24230.

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16

Lévy, Monique. "Aron Wolf, élève rabbin, résistant." Archives Juives 36, no. 2 (2003): 147. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/aj.362.0147.

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17

Racimora, William. "À la table du rabbin." Recherches sociologiques et anthropologiques 40, no. 1 (April 15, 2009): 59–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/rsa.293.

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18

Burnotte, Angélique. "Armand Bloch, le rabbin patriote." Cahiers de la mémoire contemporaine, no. 11 (December 1, 2014): 23–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/cmc.357.

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19

Ayoun, Richard. "Une nouvelle conception du métier de rabbin : le rabbin consistorial en France au XIXe siècle." Archives Juives 35, no. 2 (2002): 123. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/aj.352.0123.

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20

Cathelineau, Pierre-Christophe. "Entretien avec le rabbin Yeshaya Dalsace." La revue lacanienne 19, no. 1 (2018): 37. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/lrl.181.0037.

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21

Poujol, Catherine. "David Feuerwerker, rabbin, résistant, enseignant, historien." Archives Juives 35, no. 2 (2002): 136. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/aj.352.0136.

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22

SCHREIBER, JEAN-PHILIPPE. "UN RABBIN DANS LE SIECLE: ELIE-ARISTIDE ASTRUC, GRAND-RABBIN DE BELGIQUE DE 1866 A 1879." Bijdragen 53, no. 1 (January 1992): 2–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.2143/bij.53.1.2015334.

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23

KEYSER, KENT T., MARGARET A. MACNEIL, NINA DMITRIEVA, FAN WANG, RICHARD H. MASLAND, and JON M. LINDSTROM. "Amacrine, ganglion, and displaced amacrine cells in the rabbit retina express nicotinic acetylcholine receptors." Visual Neuroscience 17, no. 5 (September 2000): 743–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s095252380017508x.

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Acetylcholine (ACh) in the vertebrate retina affects the response properties of many ganglion cells, including those that display directional selectivity. Three β and eight α subunits of neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) have been purified and antibodies have been raised against many of them. Here we describe biochemical and immunocytochemical studies of nAChRs in the rabbit retina. Radioimmunoassay and Western blot analysis demonstrated that many of the nAChRs recognized by a monoclonal antibody (mAb210) contain β2 subunits, some of which are in combination with α3 and possibly other subunits. MAb210-immunoreactive cells in the inner nuclear layer (INL) were 7–14 μm in diameter and were restricted to the innermost one or two tiers of cells, although occasional cells were found in the middle of the INL. At least 60% of the cells in the ganglion cell layer (GCL) in the visual streak displayed mAb210 immunoreactivity; these neurons ranged from 7–18 μm in diameter. The dendrites of cells in both the INL and GCL could sometimes be followed until they entered one of two dense, poorly defined, bands of processes in the inner plexiform layer (IPL) that overlap the arbors of the cholinergic starburst cells. Parvalbumin and serotonin-positive neurons did not exhibit nAChR immunoreactivity. Although the level of receptor expression appeared to be low, mAb210 immunoreactivity was observed in some of the ChAT-positive (starburst) amacrine cells.

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24

SOMMER, Robert. "Le Grand Rabbin Lazare Wogue (1817-1897)." Revue des Études Juives 148, no. 3 (July 1, 1989): 463–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.2143/rej.148.3.2012854.

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25

Lévy, Monique. "Samuel, dit Samy Klein, rabbin et résistant." Archives Juives 35, no. 2 (2002): 148. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/aj.352.0148.

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26

Meir, Jonatan. "The Beginnings of Kabbalah in America: The Unpublished Manuscripts of R. Levi Isaac Krakovsky." ARIES 13, no. 2 (2013): 237–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15700593-13130204.

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L’article a pour sujet la personnalité extraordinaire du kabbaliste le Rabbin Levi Isaac Krakovsky (1891–1966), un des étudiants oubliés du Rabbin Yehuda Leib Ashlag (1885–1955). Krakovsky diffusait l’enseignement de son maître en Amérique en anglais, écrivait des douzaines de livres et essayait d’établir des yeshivot de Kabbalistes. Contrairement à son maître, il présentait un enseignement exotérique et une vision de diffusion de la Kabbale dans le monde entier. Son influence était minime, mais un de ses élèves était Shraga Philip Berg qui continuait son chemin et le complétait de plusieurs points de vue. L’article se base sur de riches matières archivales, parmi lesquelles de longues essays de l’auteur en manuscrit qui sont décrits ici pour la premiere fois. D’une telle façon, nous décrivons le dévelopment de la Kabbale en Amérique du début du vingtième siècle jusqu’ aujourd’hui.

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27

NAHON, Gérard. "Hommage au grand rabbin Charles Touati (1925-2003)." Revue des Études Juives 164, no. 3 (December 1, 2005): 539–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.2143/rej.164.3.2003834.

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28

Lévy, Monique, Valérie Assan, and Jean Laloum. "David Askénazi, Grand rabbin d’Oran, d’Alger et d’Algérie." Archives Juives Vol. 55, no. 1 (March 11, 2022): 144–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/aj1.551.0144.

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29

Lévy, Monique. "Henri Soil, rabbin (Paris, 9 octobre 1909-1995)." Archives Juives 44, no. 2 (2011): 142. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/aj.442.0142.

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30

Delmaire, Danielle. "Entretien avec le grand rabbin Ren�-Samuel Sirat." Revue d�Histoire de la Shoah N�192, no. 1 (2010): 467. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/rhsho.192.0467.

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31

Ranque, B. "Appeler un chat un chat." La Revue de Médecine Interne 42, no. 7 (July 2021): 449–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.revmed.2021.06.001.

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32

Métivier, Henri. "Appelons un chat un chat." Radioprotection 42, no. 1 (January 2007): 9–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/radiopro:2007003.

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33

Schiller, Shu Z. "CHAT for chat: Mediated learning in online chat virtual reference service." Computers in Human Behavior 65 (December 2016): 651–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2016.06.053.

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34

STAROBINSKI-SAFRAN, Esther. "Aperçu de l'itinéraire intellectuel du grand rabbin Alexandre Safran." Revue des Études Juives 167, no. 1 (June 30, 2008): 187–208. http://dx.doi.org/10.2143/rej.167.1.2030859.

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35

Robinson, Ira. "La formation d’une identité juive américaine." Thème 24, no. 2 (July 12, 2018): 121–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1050504ar.

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Un des développements les plus importants dans le judaïsme américain du xxe siècle est la montée du judaïsme conservateur, une interprétation américaine distincte du judaïsme rabbinique. Le processus par lequel le judaïsme conservateur a émergé dans le judaïsme américain comme un mouvement clairement distinct de l’orthodoxie — qui lui-même émerge du judaïsme traditionnel des immigrants juifs — date essentiellement de la période 1920-1950. Le présent article est une étude de l’un des incidents marquants de cette émergence : le cas du rabbin Salomon Goldman et du Jewish Center [JC] de Cleveland, Ohio. Le rabbin Goldman a été l’instigateur des changements rituels et architecturaux dans sa congrégation qui sont devenus synonymes du judaïsme conservateur mais ces changements étaient contestés par des éléments traditionalistes au sein de la synagogue. L’affaire a été devant les tribunaux et a fait sensation aux États-Unis. Cet article se fonde sur des documents d’archives récemment découverts. Il contribue à une compréhension plus nuancée de l’émergence du judaïsme conservateur de l’orthodoxie au début du xxe siècle.

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36

Martinez, Louis. "Peut-on appeler un chat un chat ?" Commentaire Numéro 138, no. 2 (2012): 431. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/comm.138.0431.

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37

FELLOUS, Sonia. "Le rabbin Mose Arragel de Guadalajarra à travers son uvre." Revue des Études Juives 146, no. 3 (July 1, 1987): 496–503. http://dx.doi.org/10.2143/rej.146.3.2012912.

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Munday, Peter. "“Cheshire Chat”." FFF Clinical Finance Journal 1, no. 1 (October 21, 2020): 18–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.47113/fffcfj.v1i1.8.

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39

Jourdain, Anne. "Le chat." L'en-je lacanien 21, no. 2 (2013): 229. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/enje.021.0229.

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Parsley, William M. "Cyberspace Chat…" International Society of Hair Restoration Surgery 9, no. 4 (July 1999): 114–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.33589/9.4.114.

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Parsley, William M. "Cyberspace Chat…" International Society of Hair Restoration Surgery 9, no. 5 (September 1999): 148–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.33589/9.5.148.

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Parsley, William M. "CYBERSPACE CHAT…" International Society of Hair Restoration Surgery 9, no. 6 (November 1999): 182–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.33589/9.6.0182.

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Clyde, Tom, Lorna Reynolds, and Alan Heuser. "Chat Show." Books Ireland, no. 114 (1987): 125. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/20630590.

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Kolambe, Manish, Saurabh Sable, Venkatesh Kashivale, and Prajkta Khaire. "Chat Application." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 10, no. 4 (April 30, 2022): 1426–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2022.41548.

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Анотація:

Abstract: Today, in this world of social media there are many applications that enable us to share data between people who are distances apart. These social media applications run a variety of platforms. Our project is about a social media application through which we can chat and share files with other people living in different parts of the world which runs on a Desktop. Python programming language and its modules were used in this project. A client-server model and TCP protocol for communication are used in our project. It has a simple GUI interface implemented. Keywords: Chat application, Client-Server model, Social media app, TCP protocol, Multithreading

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Parsley, William M. "CYBERSPACE CHAT…" International Society of Hair Restoration Surgery 10, no. 1 (January 2000): 18–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.33589/10.1.0018.

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Parsley, William M. "CYBERSPACE CHAT…" International Society of Hair Restoration Surgery 10, no. 2 (March 2000): 48–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.33589/10.2.0048.

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Parsley, William M. "CYBERSPACE CHAT…" International Society of Hair Restoration Surgery 10, no. 3 (May 2000): 80–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.33589/10.3.0080.

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Parsley, William M. "Cyberspace Chat…" International Society of Hair Restoration Surgery 10, no. 4 (July 2000): 112–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.33589/10.4.112.

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Parsley, William M. "Cyberspace Chat…" International Society of Hair Restoration Surgery 10, no. 5 (September 2000): 146–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.33589/10.5.146.

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Parsley, William M., Jeffrey Epstein, Mario Marzola, Jennifer Martinick, Walter Unger, Richard Shiell, Eric Eisenberg, et al. "Cyberspace chat…" International Society of Hair Restoration Surgery 10, no. 6 (November 2000): 176–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.33589/10.6.0176.

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