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Статті в журналах з теми "Laser - fil"

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Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 8 червня 2024

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1

Aline Evangelista Souza-Gabriel, Daniela Thomazatti Chimello-Sousa, Regina Guenka Palma-Dibb, Jesus Djalma Pécora, and Silmara Aparecida Milori Corona. "Morphologic assessment of dental surface/ glass ionomer cement interface: influence of Er:YAG laser pretreatment." RSBO 9, no. 4 (December 13, 2013): 382–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.21726/rsbo.v9i4.1017.

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The aim of this study was to assess the surface and the substrate/glass ionomer cement (GIC) interface after Er:YAG laser irradiation by means of scanning electron microcopy. Material and methods: Thirty human third molars were selected and had their roots removed. Crowns were sectioned to obtain discs that were randomly assigned to three groups according to the surface pretreatment: 40% polyacrylic acid (control); Er:YAG laser irradiation (80mJ/2Hz) or Er:YAG laser followed by 40% polyacrylic acid. Two discs of each group were put aside to the surface analysis and the others were bisected. One half received Ketac-Fil and the other received Fuji II LC. Specimens were prepared for SEM and were analyzed under different magnifications. Results: Er:YAG laser group showed no adhesive interface for both enamel and dentin, but strongly damaged the interface build-up for dentin/Fuji II LC. The application of laser irradiation followed by the polyacrylic acid exhibited gaps and irregularities for both substrates. Conclusion:Er:YAG laser irradiation combined or not with 40% polyacrylic acid produced a surface unfavorable for GIC interaction, especially for the resin-modified ones.

2

Hetrodt, Franziska, Julian Lausch, Hendrik Meyer-Lueckel, Georg Conrads, and Christian Apel. "Evaluation of Restorative Materials Containing Preventive Additives in a Secondary Caries Model in vitro." Caries Research 53, no. 4 (2019): 447–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000496401.

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The incorporation of antibacterial agents into dental restorative materials is a promising strategy for secondary caries prevention. Previously, Carolacton affected Streptococcus mutans biofilm formation on composite materials in vitro. The present study evaluated secondary caries formation adjacent to Carolacton-containing composites and conventional restorative materials using an artificial biofilm model. Standardized cavities were prepared in bovine dentin-enamel samples (n = 175) and restored with various dental materials (Tetric EvoCeram [T], GrandioSo composite without [G] and with Carolacton [GC], Grandio Flow without [F] and with Carolacton [FC], GrandioSo containing sodium fluoride [GNaF], and Ketac Fil [K]). After artificial aging, S. mutans was grown on the samples for 7 days. The investigation of gap sizes and secondary caries formation was performed using confocal laser scanning microscopy and transversal microradiography. Median gap size in enamel was 9.4 µm (interquartile range 7.9–12.7). Compared to all other groups significant differences in gap sizes could be observed for Ketac Fil (p < 0.001; Mann-Whitney test). Only GrandioSo composite containing 30% sodium fluoride and Ketac Fil showed significantly smaller lesion areas in enamel (p < 0.001; Mann-Whitney test) than all other groups which was confirmed by the mineral loss data (p < 0.001; Mann-Whitney test). Based on the present in vitro results, it seems that Carolacton-containing composite in the current formulation within the shown simplified monoculture biofilm model is not able to prevent caries formation compared to fluoride-releasing restorative materials.

3

Karobari, Mohmed Isaqali, Rumesa Batul, Niher Tabassum Siddiqua Snigdha, Matheel AL-Rawas, and Tahir Yusuf Noorani. "Evaluation of push-out bond strength, dentinal tubule penetration and adhesive pattern of bio-ceramic and epoxy resin-based root canal sealers." PLOS ONE 18, no. 11 (November 13, 2023): e0294076. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0294076.

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Introduction Root canal sealing materials play a crucial role in an endodontic procedure by forming a bond between the dentinal walls and the gutta-percha. The current study aims to analyse the dentinal tubule penetration and adhesive pattern, including the push-out bond strength of six commercially available root canal sealers. Methodology Eighty-four mandibular first premolars were split into seven groups (and n = 12), Group 1: Dia-Root, Group 2: One-Fil, Group 3: BioRoot RCS, Group 4: AH Plus, Group 5: CeraSeal, Group 6: iRoot SP, Group 7: GP without sealer (control). Two groups were made, one for dentinal tubule penetration and the other for push-out bond strength; the total sample size was one hundred sixty-eight. Root canal treatment was performed using a method called the crown down technique, and for obturation, the single cone technique was used. A confocal laser scanning microscope (Leica, Microsystem Heidel GmbH, Version 2.00 build 0585, Germany) was used to evaluate dentinal tubule penetration, and Universal Testing Machine was utilised to measure the push-out bond strength (Shimadzu, Japan) using a plunger size of 0.4 mm and speed of 1mm/min. Finally, the adhesive pattern of the sealers was analysed by HIROX digital microscope (KH-7700). Statistical analysis was carried out by a one-way Anova test, Dunnet’s T3 test, and Chi-square test. Results Highest dentinal tubule penetration was noticed with One-Fil (p<0.05), followed by iRoot SP, CeraSeal, AH Plus, Dia-Root also, the most negligible value was recorded for BioRoot RCS. Meanwhile, BioRoot RCS (p<0.05) demonstrated the greater value of mean push-out bond strength, followed by One-fil, iRoot SP, CeraSeal, AH Plus and Dia-Root. Regarding adhesive pattern, most of the samples were classified as type 3 and type 4 which implies greater sealing ability and better adherence to the dentinal wall. However, BioRoot RCS revealed the most type 4 (p<0.05), followed by AH Plus, One-Fil, CeraSeal and Dia-Root. Conclusion The highest dentinal tubule penetration was shown by One-Fil compared to other groups. Meanwhile, BioRoot RCS had greater push-out bond strength and more adhesive pattern than other tested materials.

4

Souza, Beatriz Martines de, Daiana Moreli Soares dos Santos, and Ana Carolina Magalhães. "Antimicrobial and Anti-Caries Effect of New Glass Ionomer Cement on Enamel Under Microcosm Biofilm Model." Brazilian Dental Journal 29, no. 6 (December 2018): 599–605. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0103-6440201802163.

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Abstract The occurrence of caries lesions adjacent to restorations is a serious problem in Dentistry. Therefore, new antimicrobial restorative materials could help to prevent recurrent carious lesions. This study evaluated the effect of a new glass ionomer cement (Ion Z) on the viability of a microcosm biofilm and on the development of enamel demineralization. Enamel samples were filled with the following materials (n=9): A) Ion-Z (FGM Ltda); B) Maxxion R (FGM Ltda); C) Ketac Fil Plus (3M ESPE) and D) no restoration (control). The samples were then exposed to human saliva mixed with McBain saliva (1:50) containing 0.2% sucrose for 14 days. The live and dead bacteria were quantified by fluorescence using a confocal laser-scanning microscope. The enamel demineralization was analyzed using transverse microradiography (TMR). The data were submitted to ANOVA/Tukey or Kruskal-Wallis/Dunn test (p<0.05). Ion Z induced a higher percentage of dead bacteria (60.96±12.0%) compared to the other groups (Maxxion R: 39.8±6.7%, Ketac Fil Plus: 43.7±9.71% and control 46.3±9.5%). All materials significantly reduced the average mineral loss compared to control (Ion-Z 25.0±4.2%vol, Maxxion R 23.4±8.0%vol, Ketac Fil Plus 30.7±7.7 and control 41.2±6.6%vol). Ion-Z was the only material able to significantly improve the mineral content at the surface layer (Zmax: 63.5±18.2%vol) compared to control (38.9±11.3%vol). Ion-Z shows antimicrobial potential, but its anti-caries effect was similar to the other materials, under this model.

5

Poreba, Martyna, and François Goulette. "Recalage rigide de relevé laser par mise en correspondance robuste basée sur des segments." Revue Française de Photogrammétrie et de Télédétection, no. 207 (September 24, 2014): 3–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.52638/rfpt.2014.208.

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Le recalage se révèle indispensable pour assembler des relevés laser devant servir à l'analyse, à la documentation et à la reconstruction tridimensionnelle d'environnements. Ce problème apparaît lorsqu'une zone d'intérêt est numérisée, au fil du temps, deux ou plusieurs fois, ou quand sa complexité nécessite un accroissement du nombre de stations de scanner laser fixes. Aussi, en raison de la variété des techniques disponibles d'acquisition, l'intégration multi-données devient une question importante puisqu'elle permet de mettre en cohérence des données contenant souvent une information complémentaire. La vaste majorité des algorithmes existants s'appuient sur les éléments ponctuels. C'est pourquoi les méthodes ICP basées-point demeurent actuellement les plus répandues. Cet article propose l'utilisation des segments sous forme d'intersections entre les plans principaux, pour un recalage rigide des nuages de points mobiles avec d'autres données, qu'elles soient 2D ou 3D. Ces primitives peuvent être aisément extraites, même dans les données laser hétérogènes de faible densité. Quelques méthodes de recalage basées-lignes ont été examinées afin de vérifier leur précision et robustesse au bruit. Les erreurs des paramètres estimés ainsi qu'un nouveau critère — distance modifiée de Hausdorff ont été employés pour les besoins d'une analyse quantitative. Au vu de ces éléments, une chaîne complète nommée RLMR-FMII 2 comprenant un recalage grossier suivi par un recalage fin est proposée pour calculer les paramètres de pose à partir de segments appariés.Étant donné que la mise en correspondance automatique d'entités linéaires est ardue et influence l'estimation des paramètres optimaux de transformation, une méthode d'appariement étudiant la similitude relative est avancée. Enfin, l'efficacité de cette méthode de recalage par mise en correspondance préalable des segments est évaluée et discutée.

6

Xiangming Dong, Xiangming Dong, Shibing Liu Shibing Liu, Haiying Song Haiying Song, Peng Gu Peng Gu, and Xiaoli Li Xiaoli Li. "Few-layer graphene film fabricated by femtosecond pulse laser deposition without catalytic layers." Chinese Optics Letters 13, no. 2 (2015): 021601–21604. http://dx.doi.org/10.3788/col201513.021601.

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7

Lin Suying, 林素颖, 廖小杰 Liao Xiaojie та 韩冰 Han Bing. "纳秒激光诱导聚酰亚胺薄膜周期性结构的产生". Infrared and Laser Engineering 51, № 2 (2022): 20210911. http://dx.doi.org/10.3788/irla20210911.

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8

Chen, Wenling, Chao Liu, Yuqi Zou, Zhihe Ren, Yuanzhuo Xiang, Fanchao Meng, Yinsheng Xu, et al. "Flexible omnidirectional reflective film for CO2 laser protection." Chinese Optics Letters 21, no. 2 (2023): 022201. http://dx.doi.org/10.3788/col202321.022201.

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9

Zhenkun Yu, Zhenkun Yu, Hongbo He Hongbo He, Xu Li Xu Li, Hongji Qi Hongji Qi, and Wenwen Liu Wenwen Liu. "Stress mechanism of pulsed laser-driven damage in thin film under nanosecond ultraviolet laser irradiation." Chinese Optics Letters 11, no. 7 (2013): 073101–73102. http://dx.doi.org/10.3788/col201311.073101.

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10

van der Meer, A. F. G., and M. J. van der Wiel. "Mid-Ir Fel User Facility Felix." Applied Spectroscopy 51, no. 4 (April 1997): 574–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1366/0003702971940620.

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11

Zou, Yixuan. "Principle of Free-electron Laser and Applications in Medical Research and Lithography." Highlights in Science, Engineering and Technology 76 (December 31, 2023): 161–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.54097/0mj84485.

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In recent years, as a breakthrough light source technology, free-electron laser (FEL) has the unique advantage of producing coherent radiation with high brightness, high energy, good directivity and excellent monochromaticity. With this in mind, this study will systematical discuss the historical development of FEL technology, from Einstein's laser theory to Dr. Maiman's first commercial laser, as well as the birth and evolution of FEL. To be specific, the basic principles and construction of FEL technology will be discussed in detail, including key components such as electron sources, electron accelerators, and oscillators. The application of free electron laser (FEL) technology in medicine and lithography will also be demonstrated in this paper. According to the analysis, the current limitations of the state-of-art facilities as well as the future development trends and improvements for FEL system will be clarified based on the evaluations. Overall, these results shed light on guiding further exploration of FEL techniques.

12

Álvarez-Tamayo, Ricardo Iván, and Patricia Prieto-Cortés. "Refractive Index Fiber Laser Sensor by Using a Fiber Ball Lens Interferometer with Adjustable Free Spectral Range." Sensors 23, no. 6 (March 11, 2023): 3045. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s23063045.

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In this work, a fiber laser refractometer based on a fiber ball lens (FBL) interferometer is proposed. The linear cavity erbium-doped fiber laser uses an FBL structure acting as a spectral filter and sensing element for determining the RI of a liquid medium surrounding the fiber. The optical interrogation of the sensor is the wavelength displacement of the generated laser line as a function of the RI variations. For the proposed FBL interferometric filter, the free spectral range of its wavelength-modulated reflection spectrum is adjusted to maximum in order to obtain RI measurements in a range of 1.3939 to 1.4237 RIU, from laser wavelength displacements in a range from 1532.72 to 1565.76 nm. The obtained results show that the wavelength of the generated laser line is a linear function of the RI variations on the medium surrounding the FBL with a sensitivity of 1130.28 nm/RIU. The reliability of the proposed fiber laser RI sensor is analytically and experimentally investigated.

13

Bonifacio, Rodolfo. "Quantum SASE FEL with laser wiggler." Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment 546, no. 3 (July 2005): 634–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2005.04.003.

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14

Vertsanova, Olena, and Benjamin Tordoff. "(Invited) The Laser-Integrated FIB-SEM for Faster 3D Packages Characterization and Failure Analysis." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2023-02, no. 17 (December 22, 2023): 1191. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2023-02171191mtgabs.

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The semiconductor industry is constantly looking for new technologies and materials to provide more functionality and performance in a smaller volume. Modern innovations in the development of 3D advance packaging require new methods of materials research and failure analysis. Three-dimensional multi-level electronic components, whose packages contain a stack of chips and interconnections, require visualization and analysis of undersurface structures withhigh resolution and performance [2]. Modern methods of electron microscopy based on ion beam (FIB-SEM) sample preparation provide a high quality of the cross-sectional surface and accurate information about the subsurface structure, however, FIB-SEM does not provide access to deep buried structures and high speed of sample preparation, what is required by the modern electronics industry. A unique solution for cross-sectional access to deeply buried structures is the integration of a laser beam into the FIB-SEM (laser FIB), which provides fast removal of large volumes of material with high speed. Laser FIB provides all advantages of integrates a fs-laser for speed, a Ga+ beam for accuracy, and a SEM for high resolution imaging to enable the fastest workflows. The isolated laser chamber prevents contamination of the electron column and detectors, while ensuring sample integrity with automated transfer between the SEM and laser chamber under vacuum. Integration of the laser and FIB into a single system, automation of process parameters and laser shuttling and correlative workflows provide the fastest results and highest success rates. Fs-laser ablation is a thermal so the laser affected zone is minimal, and it is often possible to image cross sectional structure immediately after laser ablation, without FIB polishing [1]. The latest developments, implemented in the laser-integrated FIB-SEM, such as an automated shuttle, NavCam integration, preset recipes, and the Cross-jet option for cover glass protection, improve the cross-sectioning process and ensure the automation, repeatability, and efficiency of the sample preparation. The combination of batch mode and other parameters of the laser milling process improves the high ablation rate and surface quality, which is especially effective for wide-gap semiconductor cross-sections. A combination of 3D X-ray microscopy (XRM) techniques and integrated laser scanning electron microscopes with a focused ion beam for sample preparation provides a workflow to improve precise targeting for specific analysis of buried features and correlation with additional equipment to provide subsurface analysis [3]. We describe a workflow using 3D XRM and Laser FIB for precise targeting and high throughput results and demonstrate the application examples. Correlated workflows accelerate results by connecting tools to quickly navigate between multiple length scales and imaging modes. [1] B.Tordoff, C. Hartfield, A. Holwell, S.Hiller, M. Kaestner, S. Kelly, J. Lee, S. Müller, F. Perez-Willard, T. Volkenandt, R. White, T. Rodgers; The LaserFIB: new application opportunities combining a highperformance FIB-SEM with femtosecond laser processing in an integrated second chamber; Applied Microscopy 50 (2020), 24. [2] C.Hartfield, W.Harris, A. Gu, M.Terada, V.Viswanathan, L. Jiao and T. Rodgers; Emerging Technologies for Advanced 3D Package Characterization to Enable the More-Than-Moore Era; ECS Transactions 109 (2022), 15. [3] A. Gu, M. Terada, H. Stegmann, T. Rodgers, C. Fu, Y. Yang; From System to Package to Interconnect: An Artificial Intelligence Powered 3D X-ray Imaging Solution for Semiconductor Package Structural Analysis and Correlative Microscopic Failure Analysis; 2022 IEEE International Symposium on the Physical and Failure Analysis of Integrated Circuits (IPFA) (2022)

15

Shang Kaiwen, 尚凯文, 吴敢 Wu Gan, 刘孝丽 Liu Xiaoli, 杨建平 Yang Jianping та 王瑞 Wang Rui. "Tedlar复合材料表面飞秒激光刻蚀铝薄膜技术研究". Chinese Journal of Lasers 48, № 10 (2021): 1002117. http://dx.doi.org/10.3788/cjl202148.1002117.

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16

Wang Wei, 王蔚, 纪向城 Ji Xiangcheng, 刘伟军 Liu Weijun, 邢飞 Xing Fei та 卞宏友 Bian Hongyou. "5083铝合金阳极氧化膜激光清洗工艺研究". Chinese Journal of Lasers 50, № 4 (2023): 0402018. http://dx.doi.org/10.3788/cjl220793.

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17

HUANG Jiaxu, 黄佳旭, 李峻 LI Jun, 邱佩 QIU Pei та 徐少林 XU Shaolin. "激光诱导薄膜材料二维图案化纳米加工技术（特邀）". ACTA PHOTONICA SINICA 52, № 7 (2023): 0752302. http://dx.doi.org/10.3788/gzxb20235207.0752302.

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18

Mlynczak, Jaroslaw. "Laser toys fail to comply with safety standards – case study based on laser product classification." Advanced Optical Technologies 10, no. 2 (March 24, 2021): 139–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/aot-2020-0072.

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Abstract The article describes the laser safety classification of a laser toy for children equipped with a laser aimer/illuminator with two radiation sources. Following the rules presented in EN 60825-1: 2014 standard, the tests and measurements of the accessible emission were carried out and the class of the laser product was determined to be 3R. It was shown that the laser toy does not comply with the requirements of the EN 62115: 2020 standard and the Public Health England Guidance. The potential hazards associated with Class 3R, indicated in the EN 60825-1: 2014 standard, are also discussed.

19

Hajima, R., K. Kawase, H. Zen, and H. Ohgaki. "Carrier-envelope phase stabilization in FEL oscillators." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2687, no. 3 (January 1, 2024): 032013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2687/3/032013.

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Abstract FEL oscillators can produce few-cycle optical pulses with a high-extraction efficiency when the oscillators are operated in the superradiant regime. Such FEL oscillators are unique light sources to explore intense light field science, especially in mid-infrared and longwave infrared where ultrashort pulses for the high-intensity applications are difficult to produce from conventional lasers. Since the laser-matter interaction in the intense field regime is described in terms of the oscillating electric field rather than the instantaneous intensity, the carrier-envelope phase (CEP) must be stabilized in many applications of few-cycle optical pulses to the intense light field science. Stabilization of CEP in FEL oscillators has been proposed with an external seed laser and coherent spontaneous emission from the electron bunches. In this paper, we study CEP stabilization in FEL oscillators assisted by coherent spontaneous emission from electron bunches with numerical simulations.

20

Will, Ingo, Horst I. Templin, Siegfried Schreiber, and Wolfgang Sandner. "Photoinjector drive laser of the FLASH FEL." Optics Express 19, no. 24 (November 8, 2011): 23770. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oe.19.023770.

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21

Ogino, S., H. Shiomi, N. Fujimori, K. Awazu, and Y. Maeda. "Free electron laser (FEL) annealing of diamond." Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms 144, no. 1-4 (September 1998): 181–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0168-583x(98)00356-5.

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22

Zolotorev, M. "Laser driven attosecond SASE X-ray FEL." Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment 483, no. 1-2 (May 2002): 445–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0168-9002(02)00359-5.

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23

Early, J., J. Barton, G. Busch, R. Wenzel, and D. Remelius. "The Los Alamos FEL photoinjector drive laser." Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment 318, no. 1-3 (July 1992): 381–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0168-9002(92)91086-o.

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Early, J., J. Barton, R. Wenzel, D. Remelius, and G. Busch. "The Los Alamos FEL photoinjector drive laser." IEEE Journal of Quantum Electronics 27, no. 12 (1991): 2644–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/3.104144.

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25

ALESINI, D., S. BERTOLUCCI, M. E. BIAGINI, R. BONI, M. BOSCOLO, M. CASTELLANO, A. CLOZZA, et al. "The SPARC/X SASE-FEL Projects." Laser and Particle Beams 22, no. 3 (July 2004): 341–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263034604223199.

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SPARC and SPARX are two different initiatives toward an ItalianFreeElectronLaser (FEL) source operating in theSelfAmplifiedSpontaneousEmission (SASE) mode, in which several national research institutions are involved. SPARC is a high gain FEL project devoted to provide a source of visible and VUV radiation while exploiting the SASE mechanism. An advanced Photo-Injector system, emittance compensating RF-gun plus a 150 MeV Linac, will inject a high quality e-beam into the undulator to generate high brilliance FEL radiation in the visible region at the fundamental wavelength, (∼500 nm). The production of flat top drive laser beams, high peak current bunches, and emittance compensation scheme will be investigated together with the generation of higher harmonic radiation in the VUV region. SPARX is the direct evolution of such a high gain SASE FEL toward the 13.5 and 1.5 nm operating wavelengths, at 2.5 GeV. To get the required value for the bunch peak current, Ipeak≈ 2.5 kA, the “hybrid” scheme, RF-compression stage plus magnetic chicane, is analyzed and compared with the more standard double stage of magnetic compression. The two options are reviewed considering the tolerance to the drive laser pulse phase jitter.

26

Chen Liang, 陈亮, та 苏亚辉 Su Yahui. "基于飞秒激光制备的雾水收集驼峰双面神膜". Laser & Optoelectronics Progress 59, № 3 (2022): 0314003. http://dx.doi.org/10.3788/lop202259.0314003.

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Ma Bin, 马彬, 韩佳岐 Han Jiaqi, 王可 Wang Ke, 黄秋实 Huang Qiushi, 焦宏飞 Jiao Hongfei та 管爽 Guan Shuang. "纳秒脉冲激光诱导的金属膜喷发的分布特征". Infrared and Laser Engineering 50, № 11 (2021): 20210036. http://dx.doi.org/10.3788/irla20210036.

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28

Meister, Severin, Hannes Lindenblatt, Florian Trost, Kirsten Schnorr, Sven Augustin, Markus Braune, Rolf Treusch, Thomas Pfeifer, and Robert Moshammer. "Atomic, Molecular and Cluster Science with the Reaction Microscope Endstation at FLASH2." Applied Sciences 10, no. 8 (April 24, 2020): 2953. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10082953.

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The reaction microscope (REMI) endstation for atomic and molecular science at the free-electron laser FLASH2 at DESY in Hamburg is presented together with a brief overview of results recently obtained. The REMI allows coincident detection of electrons and ions that emerge from atomic or molecular fragmentation reactions in the focus of the extreme-ultraviolet (XUV) free-electron laser (FEL) beam. A large variety of target species ranging from atoms and molecules to small clusters can be injected with a supersonic gas-jet into the FEL focus. Their ionization and fragmentation dynamics can be studied either under single pulse conditions, or for double pulses as a function of their time delay by means of FEL-pump–FEL-probe schemes and also in combination with a femtosecond infrared (IR) laser. In a recent upgrade, the endstation was further extended by a light source based on high harmonic generation (HHG), which is now available for upcoming FEL/HHG pump–probe experiments.

29

MARSI, M., A. LOCATELLI, M. TROVÒ, R. P. WALKER, M. E. COUPRIE, D. GARZELLA, L. NAHON, et al. "UV/VUV FREE ELECTRON LASER OSCILLATORS AND APPLICATIONS IN MATERIALS SCIENCE." Surface Review and Letters 09, no. 01 (February 2002): 599–607. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218625x02001768.

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After having reached the status of user facilities in the infrared, Free Electron Laser (FEL) oscillators are becoming interesting light sources for scientific research also in the UV/VUV wavelength region. Thanks to continuous advances in accelerator and mirror technology, it has been possible to reach with tunability energies which are hardly accessible with conventional lasers (the European FEL project at Elettra recently lased below 190 nm), with the realistic perspective of reaching even shorter wavelengths in the near future. Thanks to their unique properties, such as tunability, full coherence, high intensity, spectral and temporal stability, they offer new opportunities for many kinds of spectroscopy: in particular, storage ring FELs are ideal sources for pump–probe experiments in conjunction with synchrotron radiation, as demonstrated by a series of studies of the nonequilibrium space charge distribution at photoexcited Si surfaces and interfaces performed at SuperACO. Besides, especially when operated at shorter wavelengths, FEL oscillators are very attractive also for one-photon experiments requiring high power and full tunability. We describe here the properties of the sources, and provide an overview of the experiments that have been performed and that are planned to exploit the new opportunities they offer.

30

Xin, Long, Yongming Han, Ligong Ling, Weidong Zhang, Yonghao Lu, and Tetsuo Shoji. "The Evolution of Fretting Wear Behavior and Damage Mechanism in Alloy 690TT with Cycle Number." Materials 13, no. 10 (May 25, 2020): 2417. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13102417.

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The evolution of fretting wear behavior and damage mechanism in Alloy 690TT with cycle number was investigated via laser scanning confocal microscopy (LSCM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), focus ion beam (FIB), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The results showed that the fretting running status underwent a transition from partial slip and mixed stick-slip to final gross slip with the transformation of Ft–D curves from the ellipse to the parallelogram. The coefficient of friction (COF) experienced three drops throughout the fretting process, which indicated the transformation from high-friction wear to low-friction wear. The first drop was due to the transition from two-body to three-body contact. The second and third drops were mainly related to the evolution of the glaze layer from a localized distribution to completely covering the whole contact surface. The competition between fretting induced fatigue cracking (FIF) and fretting induced wear (FIW) ran through the entire fretting wear process. Before the 1.2 × 104th cycle, the fatigue crack growth was faster than wear, and FIF won the competition. As the fretting cycle continued to increase, the wear velocity was obviously faster than that of FIF, which indicated that FIW defeated FIF. The tribologically transformed structure (TTS) participated in the competition between FIF and FIW. The gain boundaries and dislocations in the TTS were a suitable pathway for crack initiation and propagation and oxygen permeation.

31

Mincigrucci, Riccardo, Filippo Bencivenga, Emiliano Principi, Flavio Capotondi, Laura Foglia, Denys Naumenko, Alberto Simoncig, et al. "Timing methodologies and studies at the FERMI free-electron laser." Journal of Synchrotron Radiation 25, no. 1 (January 1, 2018): 44–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s1600577517016368.

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Time-resolved investigations have begun a new era of chemistry and physics, enabling the monitoring in real time of the dynamics of chemical reactions and matter. Induced transient optical absorption is a basic ultrafast electronic effect, originated by a partial depletion of the valence band, that can be triggered by exposing insulators and semiconductors to sub-picosecond extreme-ultraviolet pulses. Besides its scientific and fundamental implications, this process is very important as it is routinely applied in free-electron laser (FEL) facilities to achieve the temporal superposition between FEL and optical laser pulses with tens of femtoseconds accuracy. Here, a set of methodologies developed at the FERMI facility based on ultrafast effects in condensed materials and employed to effectively determine the FEL/laser cross correlation are presented.

32

Wang, Xiaofan, Chao Feng, Bart Faatz, Weiqing Zhang, and Zhentang Zhao. "High-repetition-rate seeded free-electron laser with direct-amplification of an external coherent laser." New Journal of Physics 24, no. 3 (March 1, 2022): 033013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1367-2630/ac5492.

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Abstract Various scientific and industrial researches such as spectroscopy and advanced nano-technologies have been demanding high flux and fully coherent extreme ultraviolet (EUV) and x-ray radiation. These demands can be commendably satisfied with a MHz-level repetition-rate seeded free-electron laser (FEL). Dictated by the seed laser system, seeded FELs have faced obstacles for the realization of MHz repetition rate. Reducing the required peak power of an external coherent seed laser can effectively increase the repetition rate of a seeded FEL. This paper presents a novel technique that employs a long modulator as a carrier for laser amplification and electron modulation, which is quite different from nominal seeded FELs. Applications of the proposed technique into high-gain harmonic generation (HGHG) and echo-enabled harmonic generation (EEHG) are investigated. Simulation results demonstrate that seed laser power is reduced by about three orders of magnitude and the FEL radiation possesses consistently high coherence and power stability with respect to the nominal HGHG or EEHG. The proposed technique paves the way for the realization of fully coherent EUV and soft x-ray FELs with a repetition rate of MHz and an average power of about 100 W.

33

Nakajima, Y., K. Iwatsuki, K. Ishii, T. Fujinaka, K. Awazu, and T. Yoshimine. "Development of an Intravascular Laser Treatment with an Infrared Free Electron Laser." Interventional Neuroradiology 10, no. 1_suppl (March 2004): 67–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/15910199040100s109.

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We have studied to develop an intravascular device with an infrared free electron laser (FEL) to treat occlusive carotid atherosclerotic lesions. In this study, we irradiated the FEL with a wavelength of 5.75 μm on surgical specimens of human atheromatous carotid plaques. After the irradiation on a cholesterol-ester-accumulated portion of the carotid plaques under proper conditions, a microscope transmission FTIR (Fourier Transform Infrared) spectroscopy showed that the peak of a tissue infrared absorption spectrum corresponding to the molecular vibration of cholesterol ester (5.75 μm) disappeared. Tissue damages associated with the irradiation were not histologically noted. This study demonstrated that irradiation of FEL can selectively remove cholesterol ester from the human atheromatous carotid plaques.

34

Zhu, Yiran, Yuan Zhou, Zhe Wang, Zhiwei Fang, Zhaoxiang Liu, Wei Chen, Min Wang, Haisu Zhang, and Ya Cheng. "Electro-optically tunable microdisk laser on Er3+-doped lithium niobate thin film." Chinese Optics Letters 20, no. 1 (2022): 011303. http://dx.doi.org/10.3788/col202220.011303.

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35

Cui Yun, 崔云, 张革 Zhang Ge, 赵元安 Zhao Yuanan, 邵宇川 Shao Yuchuan, 朱美萍 Zhu Meiping, 易葵 Yi Kui та 邵建达 Shao Jianda. "激光薄膜元件内微缺陷的表征分析". Chinese Journal of Lasers 50, № 2 (2023): 0203101. http://dx.doi.org/10.3788/cjl220568.

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36

Zhao Rui, 赵瑞, 石琳琳 Shi Linlin, 王越 Wang Yue, 李岩 Li Yan, 邹永刚 Zou Yonggang та 马晓辉 Ma Xiaohui. "多单管激光器微通道内部翅片结构设计及优化". Laser & Optoelectronics Progress 60, № 21 (2023): 2114005. http://dx.doi.org/10.3788/lop222711.

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37

Owada, Shigeki, Kazuaki Togawa, Takahiro Inagaki, Toru Hara, Takashi Tanaka, Yasumasa Joti, Takahisa Koyama, et al. "A soft X-ray free-electron laser beamline at SACLA: the light source, photon beamline and experimental station." Journal of Synchrotron Radiation 25, no. 1 (January 1, 2018): 282–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s1600577517015685.

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The design and performance of a soft X-ray free-electron laser (FEL) beamline of the SPring-8 Compact free-electron LAser (SACLA) are described. The SPring-8 Compact SASE Source test accelerator, a prototype machine of SACLA, was relocated to the SACLA undulator hall for dedicated use for the soft X-ray FEL beamline. Since the accelerator is operated independently of the SACLA main linac that drives the two hard X-ray beamlines, it is possible to produce both soft and hard X-ray FEL simultaneously. The FEL pulse energy reached 110 µJ at a wavelength of 12.4 nm (i.e.photon energy of 100 eV) with an electron beam energy of 780 MeV.

38

Xia, M., N. Yang, Y. Xu, Z. Zhao, and H. Li. "Design of a megawatt superradiant terahertz source for FELiChEM." Journal of Instrumentation 18, no. 02 (February 1, 2023): P02019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/18/02/p02019.

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Abstract FELiChEM is an infrared free electron laser user facility built at the University of Science and Technology of China (USTC). It consists of two free electron laser oscillators which produce mid-infrared and far-infrared lasers covering the spectral range of 2–200 μm at current stage. In this paper, we propose a new operation mode of a megawatt (MW) terahertz (THz) superradiance free electron laser (FEL) for FELiChEM. Start-to-end (S2E) simulations have been carried out, in which the three-dimension particle-in-cell (PIC) code PUFFIN is used for the generation of the THz superradiance. Simulation results demonstrate that this superradiant FEL can provide 100–1000 μm laser with MW-class peak power from a 1.2 meter single-pass undulator when the electron energy is around 15 MeV.

39

Sato, Isamu. "New Light: What is Free Electron Laser FEL?" Journal of Hard Tissue Biology 14, no. 2 (2005): 88–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.2485/jhtb.14.88.

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40

Pantell, R. H. "Comparisons between the FEL and the conventional laser." Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment 304, no. 1-3 (July 1991): 798–803. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0168-9002(91)90980-5.

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41

Hill, R. A., Q. Ren, D. C. Nguyen, L. H. Liaw, and M. W. Berns. "Free-Electron Laser (FEL) Ablation of Ocular Tissues." Lasers in Medical Science 13, no. 3 (October 1, 1998): 219–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s101030050078.

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42

Berryman, K. W., P. Haar, and B. A. Richman. "FEL cavity length measurement with an external laser." Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment 358, no. 1-3 (April 1995): 260–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0168-9002(94)01287-3.

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43

MARAGHECHI, B., M. JOKAR, F. JAFARI BAHMAN, and A. NAEIMABADI. "Three-dimensional and nonlinear analysis of efficiency enhancement in the E × B drifting electron laser with a prebunched electron beam and a planar wiggler." Journal of Plasma Physics 79, no. 5 (April 12, 2013): 739–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022377813000378.

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AbstractA nonlinear simulation of the E × B drifting electron laser (DEL) and the free-electron laser (FEL), in three dimensions, is presented for a prebunched electron beam to study efficiency enhancement. For the planar wiggler with flat pole faces, prebunching considerably shortens the saturation length, which favors the DEL compared to the FEL. Operation of the DEL with the planar wiggler with parabolic pole faces was not found to be possible due to the modulation of the E × B drift by the wiggler. However, simulation results of the FEL with this type of wiggler are reported.

44

Sharma, Jyotsna, Suresh C. Sharma, Anuradha Bhasin, and V. K. Jain. "A local theory of effect of beam pre-modulation on gain and efficiency in a surface wave pumped free electron laser." International Journal of Modern Physics: Conference Series 32 (January 2014): 1460351. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2010194514603512.

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A pre-modulated relativistic electron beam (REB) counter propagating to the surface wave in the vacuum region Compton backscatters the surface wave into a high frequency radiation. The surface wave extends into the vacuum region and can be employed as a wiggler for the generation of sub-millimeter waves. The growth rate and gain were evaluated for a typical FEL (Free Electron Laser) parameters and It is found that the growth rate and gain of the surface wave pumped free electron laser increases with the modulation index. Moreover, the growth rate of the FEL (Free electron Laser) instability scales as one-third power of the beam density in the Compton regime.

45

Qin, Weilun, Francesca Curbis, Joel Andersson, Vitaliy Goryashko, Lennart Isaksson, Billy Kyle, Filip Lindau, et al. "The FEL in the SXL project at MAX IV." Journal of Synchrotron Radiation 28, no. 3 (April 23, 2021): 707–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s1600577521003465.

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In this paper the design of the free-electron laser (FEL) in the SXL (Soft X-ray Laser) project at the MAX IV Laboratory is presented. The target performance parameters originate in a science case put forward by Swedish users and the SXL FEL is foreseen to be driven by the existing MAX IV 3 GeV linac. The SXL project is planned to be realized in different stages and in this paper the focus is on Phase 1, where the basic operation mode for the FEL will be SASE (self-amplified spontaneous emission), with an emphasis on short pulses. Simulation results for two linac bunches (high and low charge) with different pulse duration are illustrated, as well as the performance for two-color/two-pulses mode and power enhancement through tapering. Besides standard SASE and optical klystron configurations, the FEL setup is also tailored to allow for advanced seeding schemes operations. Finally possible upgrades that will be implemented in a second phase of the project are discussed.

46

Salimon, Igor A., Sakellaris Mailis, Alexey I. Salimon, Evgenij Skupnevskiy, Svetlana A. Lipovskikh, Iaroslava Shakhova, Artem V. Novikov, Timur F. Yagafarov, and Alexander M. Korsunsky. "FIB-SEM Investigation of Laser-Induced Periodic Surface Structures and Conical Surface Microstructures on D16T (AA2024-T4) Alloy." Metals 10, no. 1 (January 17, 2020): 144. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met10010144.

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The use of aluminum alloy AA2024-T4 (Russian designation D16T) in applications requiring a high strength-to-weight ratio and fatigue resistance such as aircraft fuselage often demands the control and modification of surface properties. A promising route to surface conditioning of Al alloys is laser treatment. In the present work, the formation of ripples and conical microstructures under scanning with femtosecond (fs) laser pulses was investigated. Laser treatment was performed using 250 fs pulses of a 1033 nm Yb:YAG laser. The fluence of the pulses varied from 5 to 33 J/cm2. The scanning was repeated from 1 to 5 times for different areas of the sample. Treated areas were evaluated using focused ion beam (FIB)- scanning electron microscopy (SEM) imaging and sectioning, energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy (AFM), and confocal laser profilometry. The period of laser-induced periodic surface structures (LIPSS) and the average spacing of conical microstructures were deduced from SEM images by FFT. Unevenness of the treated areas was observed that is likely to have been caused by ablation debris. The structural and elemental changes of the material inside the conical microstructures was revealed by FIB-SEM and EDX. The underlying formation mechanisms of observed structures are discussed in this paper.

47

Owada, Shigeki, Kyo Nakajima, Tadashi Togashi, Tetsuo Kayatama, and Makina Yabashi. "Single-shot arrival timing diagnostics for a soft X-ray free-electron laser beamline at SACLA." Journal of Synchrotron Radiation 25, no. 1 (January 1, 2018): 68–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s1600577517015284.

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Arrival timing diagnostics performed at a soft X-ray free-electron laser (FEL) beamline of SACLA are described. Intense soft X-ray FEL pulses with one-dimensional focusing efficiently induce transient changes of optical reflectivity on the surface of GaAs. The arrival timing between soft X-ray FEL and optical laser pulses was successfully measured as a spatial position of the reflectivity change. The temporal resolution evaluated from the imaging system reaches ∼10 fs. This method requires only a small portion of the incident pulse energy, which enables the simultaneous operation of the arrival timing diagnostics and experiments by introducing a wavefront-splitting scheme.

48

Wang, Hsin-Yi, Simon Schreck, Matthew Weston, Chang Liu, Hirohito Ogasawara, Jerry LaRue, Fivos Perakis, et al. "Time-resolved observation of transient precursor state of CO on Ru(0001) using carbon K-edge spectroscopy." Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics 22, no. 5 (2020): 2677–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9cp03677f.

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The transient dynamics of carbon monoxide (CO) molecules on a Ru(0001) surface following femtosecond optical laser pump excitation has been studied by monitoring changes in the unoccupied electronic structure using an ultrafast X-ray free-electron laser (FEL) probe.

49

DiBattista, Michael, Scott Silverman, and Matthew M. Mulholland. "Laser-Based Copper Deposition for Semiconductor Debug Applications." EDFA Technical Articles 25, no. 4 (November 1, 2023): 12–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.31399/asm.edfa.2023-4.p012.

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Abstract Laser-assisted copper deposition provides a key technology for analyzing complex packaging and integrated circuit challenges. Laser-based copper deposition techniques have been shown to be useful in combination with traditional FIB techniques to improve resistivity, deposition rate, and timing.

50

Zheng Mengke, 郑梦珂, 李杰 Li Jie, 张蓉竹 Zhang Rongzhu та 柴立群 Chai Liqun. "激光诱导多层光学薄膜损伤分析与仿真". Acta Optica Sinica 42, № 1 (2022): 0131001. http://dx.doi.org/10.3788/aos202242.0131001.

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