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Статті в журналах з теми "Laos"

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Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 4 червня 2021

Оновлено: 28 липня 2024

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1

Prasetyorini, Sinto Adi, Edy Lisdiyono, Sri Mulyani, and Annisa Ghina Savira. "Reimagining Legal AID Institution Regulation to Enhance Legal Certainty." Revista de Gestão Social e Ambiental 18, no. 9 (April 26, 2024): e06015. http://dx.doi.org/10.24857/rgsa.v18n9-021.

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Анотація:

Purpose: This research aims to examine the regulations governing the establishment of Legal Aid Institutions (LAIs/LAOs) in Indonesia, with a focus on achieving necessary legal clarity to ensure their effective functioning. Method: This research employs a prescriptive research method, involving the description of primary and secondary data findings related to the regulations governing LAIs/LAOs establishment in Indonesia. The data are processed and analyzed to derive insights into the current legal framework. Result and Discussion: The findings indicate that the existing regulations concerning the establishment of LAIs/LAOs in Indonesia lack clarity, particularly regarding the legal entity status utilized. While foundation status predominates, its alignment with Indonesian legal principles requires further consistency. Therefore, this research underscores the need for more transparent and comprehensive reformulation of these regulations. Implication of the Research: Reforming the regulations governing the establishment of LAIs/LAOs holds significant implications for improving their efficiency and effectiveness. Such reforms can enhance access to justice, protect human rights, and ensure the proper functioning of LAIs/LAOs, thereby contributing to greater legal certainty and benefiting Indonesians in need of legal aid. Originality/Value: This research contributes to the existing literature by providing insights into the regulatory framework surrounding the establishment of LAIs/LAOs in Indonesia. By highlighting the need for reform and recommending clearer regulations, this study offers practical guidance for policymakers and stakeholders involved in legal aid provision, ultimately advancing the efficacy of legal aid services in Indonesia.

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2

Bailey, Stephen, and David Andrianoff. "Laos." Ecumenical Review 64, no. 2 (July 2012): 125–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1758-6623.2012.00154.x.

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3

Gunn, Geoffrey C. "Laos in anthropology: anthropology in Laos." Asian Studies Review 14, no. 3 (April 1991): 179–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03147539108712733.

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4

Pratama, Fikri Surya. "MINORITAS MUSLIM DI NEGARA KOMUNIS LAOS: PERKEMBANGAN DALAM KETERBATASAN." Turast: Jurnal Penelitian dan Pengabdian 10, no. 1 (June 30, 2022): 50–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.15548/turast.v10i1.4000.

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Анотація:

The general statement is that minority groups have always been discriminated against by the majority, plus Laos itself carries out communism as the state ideology. In general, the discourse on the equality of communists with atheists is quite popular in the community. Not only labeled as having no religion, a state labeled as communist is synonymous with not supporting the existence of an ethnicity or a religious community. This article aims to explain the history and life of Muslim groups in Laos as a minority community group. This research is a historical research, where in collecting data sources using literature study techniques, and data analysis using a political history approach. The results of the study show that Laos, which is geographically located in the middle of mainland Indochina, makes it a crossroads of culture and religion. The political turmoil in the Indochina region and the civil war in Laos had an impact on the number of Laos' Muslim population. Pathet Lao's victory over the civil war resulted in an authoritarian communist government, causing the Muslim population to shrink. The 1991 Lao Constitution amendment in 2003 brought a breath of fresh air with religious freedom to the Lao people. Although there are still problems with human and financial resources in developing the community and da'wah, Laotian Muslims live quietly in a communist country. Islam in Laos is developing slowly but quietly within its limitations.

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5

JENDEK, EDUARD, and VASILY V. GREBENNIKOV. "Twenty new species of Agrilus (Coleoptera: Buprestidae: Agrilinae) from the Oriental Region." Zootaxa 4429, no. 1 (June 5, 2018): 107. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4429.1.4.

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Анотація:

Twenty new Agrilus species from the Oriental Region are described and illustrated: A. aramis sp. nov. (Laos), A. aries sp. nov. (Laos), A. armipes sp. nov. (Laos, India), A. athos sp. nov. (Laos, Thailand), A. bacan sp. nov. (Indonesia), A. bicolorifrons sp. nov. (Laos), A. cuprocunctus sp. nov. (Laos), A. ebenus sp. nov. (Laos, Thailand, Vietnam), A. frontis sp. nov. (Laos), A. gemellus sp. nov. (Nepal), A. khunborom sp. nov. (Laos), A. kyklos sp. nov. (Laos), A. loongfahi sp. nov. (Malaysia), A. metallinus sp. nov. (Laos), A. nemoralis sp. nov. (Laos), A. porthos sp. nov. (Laos), A. princeps sp. nov. (Laos), A. rex sp. nov. (Malaysia), A. sikhiav sp. nov. (Laos) and A. sinuosus sp. nov (Laos, Vietnam).

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6

KEJVAL, ZBYNĚK. "Studies of the genus Anthelephila Hope (Coleoptera: Anthicidae) 14. Twenty-four new species from Asia and new records of A. fossicollis Kejval." Zootaxa 4306, no. 1 (August 15, 2017): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4306.1.1.

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Анотація:

In this paper twenty-four species of Anthelephila Hope, 1933 are newly described: A. abnormis sp. nov. (Cambodia, Thailand, Vietnam), A. ailani sp. nov. (Laos), A. akela sp. nov. (China, Laos, Thailand), A. alamea sp. nov. (Burma, Laos), A. arcana sp. nov. (Laos), A. ayutthaya sp. nov. (Laos, Thailand), A. banhuaipo sp. nov. (Thailand), A. bannape sp. nov. (Thailand), A. bifida sp. nov. (Thailand), A. bolavensis sp. nov. (Laos), A. davita sp. nov. (Thailand), A. disparilis sp. nov. (Burma, Laos, Thailand, Vietnam), A. falcata sp. nov. (Vietnam), A. fallax sp. nov. (China, Laos, Thailand), A. insolita sp. nov. (Thailand), A. keahi sp. nov. (Laos), A. keilana sp. nov. (Laos), A. kubani sp. nov. (Laos), A. laopako sp. nov. (Laos), A. paucula sp. nov. (Laos, Thailand), A. provecta sp. nov. (Thailand), A. theravada sp. nov. (Burma), A. triplex sp. nov. (Thailand), and A. wanika sp. nov. (Laos). The Anthelephila fossicollis species-group is defined, and other species placed in existing species-groups where previously defined. Anthelephila fossicollis Kejval, 2002 is newly recorded from Sichuan and Tibet.

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7

Rizqiyah, Emilda, Haryo Prasodjo, and Hafid Adim Pradana. "Laos-China Cooperation in the Construction of High Speed Railway: A Perspective of Foreign Policy." JISPO Jurnal Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik 12, no. 2 (October 17, 2023): 153–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.15575/jispo.v12i2.20432.

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Анотація:

This article addresses Laos' motivations for working with China on their proposed high-speed train and railway projects. Due to its lack of access to land channels, Laos chooses to conduct its commercial and tourism cooperation with China through the BRI initiative, which is China's foreign strategy in establishing relations with ASEAN nations. We use the theory of foreign policy (FPA) to address several justifications for Laos' participation in China's high-speed rail and fast train projects. We found five reasons why Laos should join China: First, China's location allows for communication with landlocked Laos through the construction of the Laos High Speed Railway; second, China's demographics can help Laos become more prosperous; third, Laos relies on China's natural resources to match the Lao population's consumption level; fourth, China's political system has improved bilateral ties with Laos giving Laos hope that long-term collaboration may be created with China through the construction of transportation infrastructure in the form of the China-Laos High-Speed Railway; and fifth, Laos's economic prowess can assist with commerce and provide funding for growth between Laos and China.

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8

Philakone, Chindavong. "Analysis on the Market influencing factors of Laos attracting Chinese Enterprises to start a Business in Laos." SHS Web of Conferences 163 (2023): 02031. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/202316302031.

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Анотація:

With the gradual deepening of the initiative of the Belt and Road Initiative, the scale of China’s investment in Laos has also expanded. The domestic investment environment in Laos continues to improve, and international cooperation is deepening. Both products and technologies have flooded into the Lao domestic market, which has had a huge impact and impact on the development of Laos’ local economy. At the same time, Chinese companies choosing to invest and start businesses in the domestic market of Laos can expand the income sources of Chinese companies, increase the international reputation of Chinese companies, and promote social development. With the continuous strengthening of China-Laos cooperation in various fields, Laos has also taken some measures to attract Chinese companies to invest and start businesses in Laos, and China-Laos cooperation has reached a new level. However, due to the lack of economic growth in Laos and the lack of a comprehensive industrial sector, there are many problems in the investment environment. If Laos fails to take effective measures, it is likely to harm Chinese companies investing in Laos. Therefore, Chinese companies pay great attention to the industries of large regional and regional companies in Laos, which are closely related to the climate and market conditions in Laos.

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9

Yoshida, Yeni Herliana. "KETERGANTUNGAN LAOS PADA TIONGKOK DALAM EKONOMI DAN PEMBANGUNAN SEBAGAI PENGHAMBAT TERLAKSANANYA PROGRAM REDUCE INEQUALITY." Indonesian Journal of International Relations 6, no. 1 (February 13, 2022): 67–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.32787/ijir.v6i1.298.

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Анотація:

Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis ketergantungan Laos terhadap China dalam ekonomi dan pembangunan, yang menjadi hambatan bagi terlaksananya reduce inequality sebagai salah satu program Suistainable Development Goals (SDGs). Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode kualitatif, serta menggunakan pendekatan teori ketergantungan dan cobweb model sebagai alat analisis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ketergantungan Laos terhadap China menyebabkan utang luar negeri Laos meningkat, tetapi kesenjangan di Laos masih cukup tinggi. Proyek Belt Road Initiative (BRI) sangat menguntungkan bagi Laos, karena bisa membantu Laos dalam masalah geografisnya. Namun semakin lama Laos bergantung kepada China, semakin sulit pula bagi Laos untuk bisa berkontribusi dan mewujudkan program berkelajutan, seperti program reduce inequality.

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10

JENDEK, EDUARD, and VASILY V. GREBENNIKOV. "Twenty more new species of Agrilus (Coleoptera: Buprestidae: Agrilinae) from the Oriental region." Zootaxa 4564, no. 2 (March 6, 2019): 449. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4564.2.7.

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Анотація:

Twenty new species of Agrilus jewel beetles from the Oriental region are described and illustrated: Agrilus cicadelloides sp. nov. (Malaysia: Sarawak); A. draco sp. nov. (Malaysia: Sabah); A. hergovitsi sp. nov. (Malaysia: Johor); A. hik sp. nov.(Cambodia); A. ika sp. nov. (Solomon Islands); A. jankae sp. nov. (Indonesia: Sumatra, Singapore); A. jum sp. nov. (Laos); A. kon sp. nov. (Cambodia); A. mimicus sp. nov. (Laos); A. qom sp. nov. (Laos); A. titi sp. nov. (Malaysia: Perak); A. uxo sp. nov. (Vietnam); A. wos sp. nov. (Laos); A. xen sp. nov. (Laos); A. xia sp. nov. (Laos); A. xis sp. nov. (Laos); A. yoa sp. nov. (Laos, Vietnam); A. yuk sp. nov. (Laos); A. zao sp. nov. (Indonesia: Java and Sumba Islands); A. zim sp. nov. (Malaysia: Pahang).

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11

Wicaksono, Eric. "Koridor Ekonomi sebagai Jembatan Keterkuncian Geografis: Kasus Pertumbuhan Ekonomi Laos 2000-2010." Jurnal Hubungan Internasional 10, no. 1 (September 28, 2017): 32. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/jhi.v10i1.4395.

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Анотація:

Salah satu yang menarik mengenai Laos adalah kapabilitasnya dalam mempertahankan pertumbuhan tinggi di tengah keterkuncian geografis yang melekat padanya. Penelitian ini mengkaji upaya Laos dalam menangani hambatan tersebut dengan melihat perjalanan Laos dan perubahan kebijakan ekonominya, terdapat satu transisi yang menjadi momentum utama kebangkitan perekonomian Laos. Keterbukaan dan tata kelola dinamika kawasan menjadi cara inovatif Laos dalam memecah keterkuncian geografisnya. Didukung oleh kehadiran koridor ekonomi di dalam kawasan yang melingkungi Laos, semakin mengetengahkan peran penting dari keterkuncian yang sempat membawa masa keterpurukan dalam ekonomi Laos. Dari temuan tersebut, penelitian ini menghadirkan pemahaman bahwa kombinasi dari kebijakan ekonomi terbuka, kawasan yang dinamis, dan pengembangan koridor ekonomi integratif, berperan penting di balik keberhasilan Laos dalam mempertahankan pertumbuhan ekonomi yang relatif tinggi di tengah keterkuncian geografis.

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12

JÄGER, PETER, and PAKAWIN DANKITTIPAKUL. "Clubionidae from Laos and Thailand (Arachnida: Araneae)." Zootaxa 2730, no. 1 (December 24, 2010): 23. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2730.1.2.

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Clubionidae collected in Laos and Thailand were investigated. Seven new species are described: Clubiona kai spec. nov. (male: Laos, Luang Prabang Prov.), Clubiona lala spec. nov. (female: Laos, Luang Nam Tha Prov.), Clubiona maipai spec. nov. (male: Thailand, Mae Hong Son Prov.), Clubiona kuu spec. nov. (male: Laos, Luang Prabang Prov.), Clubiona vukomi spec. nov. (male: Laos, Luang Nam Tha Prov.), Malamatidia zu spec. nov. (male: Laos, Luang Prabang Prov.) and Malamatidia christae spec. nov. (female: Laos, Luang Nam Tha Prov.). The genus Malamatidia, previously known from Sumatra, Sarawak, the Malaysian peninsular, Kalimantan, and Sulawesi is recorded from Laos (Luang Nam Tha Province) as northernmost distribution locality and is re-diagnosed. Cheiracanthium insulanum (Thorell, 1878), Cheiracanthium unicum Bosenberg and Strand, 1906, Clubiona abnormis Dankittipakul, 2008, Clubiona filicata O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1874, Clubiona melanothele Thorell, 1895 are recorded for the first time from Laos. Cheiracanthium insulanum, Clubiona abnormis, and Clubiona melanothele are additionally illustrated. A map with all records is provided.

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13

Mottet, Éric. "Géopolitique du Laos." Revue internationale et stratégique 98, no. 2 (2015): 16. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/ris.098.0016.

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14

Sonesavanh, Seng Aphey. "Laos / Laoscorruption control." Revue internationale de droit pénal 74, no. 1 (2003): 499. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/ridp.741.0499.

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15

High, Holly. "Laos in 2020." Asian Survey 61, no. 1 (January 2021): 144–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/as.2021.61.1.144.

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Анотація:

In 2020, Laos successfully contained the spread of COVID-19, with very few cases and no deaths. The key elements of the COVID-19 response reflect not only public health advice but also the core values of the political culture promoted by the ruling Lao People’s Revolutionary Party. These include unity, solidarity, struggle, respect for science, guidance by a strong center, and the extension of the state into everyday life in the form of designated roles, committees, and organizations. These significantly shaped the social fabric drawn on in the COVID-19 response. This success, then, can be read as a reaping of some of the benefits of this political culture. More ominously, the global pandemic exacerbated Lao PDR’s public debt crisis. Born of years of government backing of megaprojects such as hydropower, this debt is the dark harvest of the LPRP’s reign.

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16

Rehbein, Boike. "Laos in 2021." Asian Survey 62, no. 1 (January 2022): 145–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/as.2022.62.1.14.

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Анотація:

The COVID-19 pandemic has led to a weakening of the formal economy and a crisis of the informal economy in Laos. The population has responded with a partial return to subsistence farming, which almost the entire rural population had been engaged in anyway. The return to subsistence farming was accompanied by a revival of the subsistence ethic, which is compatible neither with Stalinist socialism nor with capitalism. In the current configuration, the Lao People’s Revolutionary Party is in a position to take advantage of this revival, since it seems to support a communitarian morality, anti-capitalism, and self-sufficiency, which the socialist rhetoric of recent years has been propagating. The socialist rhetoric as well as the leadership of the LPRP were reconfirmed by its national congress in January. Social, political, and economic forces seem to complement each other to a larger degree than in the first two decades of the century.

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17

Ferraris, Carl J. "FISHES OF LAOS." Copeia 2003, no. 1 (February 2003): 216–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1643/0045-8511(2003)003[0216:]2.0.co;2.

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18

Averyanov, Leonid V., Tien Hiep Nguyen, Khang Nguyen Sinh, The Van Pham, Vichith Lamxay, Somchanh Bounphanmy, Shengvilai Lorphengsy, Loc Ke Phan, Soulivanh Lanorsavanh, and Khamfa Chantthavongsa. "Gymnosperms of Laos." Nordic Journal of Botany 32, no. 6 (September 10, 2014): 765–805. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/njb.00498.

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19

Case, William. "Laos in 2010." Asian Survey 51, no. 1 (January 2011): 202–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/as.2011.51.1.202.

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Анотація:

Political contours changed little in Laos during 2010, leaving its single-party system in place. The economy continued to grow quickly, although not in ways that uplifted ordinary citizens. And deepening relations with China encouraged the government to open new channels to the United States.

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20

Howe, Brendan M. "Laos in 2012." Asian Survey 53, no. 1 (January 2013): 150–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/as.2013.53.1.150.

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Анотація:

The year 2012 saw rapid economic growth, resource development, and a young, dynamic population starting to change the face of Lao public life. The governing Lao People’s Revolutionary Party was quick to claim across the board success. There remain, however, significant caveats: success has been moderate, and growth has come with human costs.

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21

Howe, Brendan M. "Laos in 2013." Asian Survey 54, no. 1 (January 2014): 78–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/as.2014.54.1.78.

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Анотація:

In 2013 Laos joined the World Trade Organization, economic growth was over 8%, and graduation from least-developed country status by 2020 remains achievable. But its human development index of 0.543 remained below the regional average. Macro development projects still threaten the vulnerable. The abduction of a prominent campaigner and repatriation of North Korean refugees highlighted human rights challenges.

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22

Ku, Samuel C. Y. "Laos in 2014." Asian Survey 55, no. 1 (January 2015): 214–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/as.2015.55.1.214.

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Анотація:

Laos improved its economy in 2014, although its human rights record continues to receive critiques from international society. With frequent visits of Lao leaders to China and the opening of the fourth Thai-Lao Friendship Bridge, Laos deepened its relations with China in 2014, despite the emerging challenges that China faces.

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23

Ku, Samuel C. Y. "Laos in 2015." Asian Survey 56, no. 1 (January 2016): 148–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/as.2016.56.1.148.

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Анотація:

Laos’ economy declined slightly in 2015, but its political and economic integration with neighboring countries gradually deepened. While China continued to be a key actor in Vientiane’s foreign relations, Laos’ ties with neighboring Vietnam, Thailand, Cambodia, and even Japan and South Korea also strengthened in 2015.

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24

Gunn, Geoffrey C. "Laos in 2016." Asian Survey 57, no. 1 (January 2017): 206–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/as.2017.57.1.206.

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Анотація:

Briefly entering the international media spotlight coinciding with the first-ever visit by a sitting US president along with a galaxy of regional leaders, Laos in 2016 saw a new leadership lineup following a quinquennial party congress. Questions of Chinese versus Vietnamese influence over Laos and even the legacy of US bombing all gained an airing.

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25

Rehbein, Boike. "Laos in 2017." Asian Survey 58, no. 1 (January 2018): 201–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/as.2018.58.1.201.

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Анотація:

While the economy, and socioeconomic inequality, continue to grow rapidly, the leadership of Laos has returned to a rhetoric claiming to pursue the goal of establishing a socialist society. However, the social structures that have evolved historically make make it very unlikely that the country’s contemporary policies will create even development and balanced socio-economic levels.

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26

Rehbein, Boike. "Laos in 2018." Asian Survey 59, no. 1 (January 2019): 193–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/as.2019.59.1.193.

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Анотація:

As usual, there is mostly continuity in Laos: solid economic growth, a strong ruling communist party, increasing dependence on China, growing inequality, and tight control of civil society. A new trend, apart from the return of a socialist rhetoric, is an official appraisal of self-sufficiency and anti-globalization.

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27

High, Holly. "Laos in 2019." Asian Survey 60, no. 1 (January 2020): 146–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/as.2020.60.1.146.

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Анотація:

Climate disruptions highlighted factors likely to shape the contours of climate change in Laos. Among these, regional relationships and resource-driven development continued to be important, as did inequality within Laos. Popular dissatisfaction with the capacity of the Lao state continued, exacerbated by environmental disasters and continuing limitations on free speech.

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28

Tenni, Brigitte, and Vanphanom Sychareun. "Laos case study." Harm Reduction Journal 9, no. 1 (2012): 29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1477-7517-9-29.

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29

Clyti, Emmanuel, Khamphang Sayavong, Didier Monchy, and Khamsay Chanthavisouk. "Pénicilliose au Laos." La Presse Médicale 35, no. 3 (March 2006): 427–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0755-4982(06)74610-3.

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30

Souk-Aloun, P. "Appeal for Laos." British Homeopathic Journal 79, no. 04 (October 1990): 242–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0007-0785(05)80484-3.

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31

Conway, Susan. "Festivals of Laos." Folklore 122, no. 3 (December 2011): 348–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0015587x.2011.608274.

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32

Stanbridge, Andrew. "UXO in Laos." Anthropology Now 3, no. 2 (September 2011): 48–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/19492901.2011.11728321.

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33

Ritch, Robert. "Ophthalmology in Laos." Archives of Ophthalmology 110, no. 10 (October 1, 1992): 1491. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archopht.1992.01080220153038.

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34

Rowedder, Simon. "Railroading land-linked Laos: China’s regional profits, Laos’ domestic costs?" Eurasian Geography and Economics 61, no. 2 (December 22, 2019): 152–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15387216.2019.1704813.

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35

EVENHUIS, NEAL L. "New species of Isoneuromyia Brunetti (Diptera: Keroplatidae) from the Oriental Region." Zootaxa 1140, no. 1 (March 6, 2006): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.1140.1.1.

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Анотація:

Thirteen new species of the keroplatid genus Isoneuromyia Brunetti from the Oriental Region are described and illustrated. These include the following: I. brunettii, n. sp. (Laos); I. flava, n. sp. (Borneo); I. glabra, n. sp. (Laos); I. jata, n. sp. (Borneo); I. matilei, n. sp. (Borneo); I. nigerrima, n. sp. (Laos); I. nigribasis, n. sp. (Laos); I. pallidopsis, n. sp. (Sulawesi); I. splendida, n. sp. (Laos); I. subapicalis, n. sp. (Laos); I. tannia, n. sp. (Borneo); I. variabilis, n. sp. (Laos); I. yorki, n. sp. (Vietnam). The Taiwanese I. annandalei formosana (Okada) is here raised to full species, n. stat. The Sri Lankan species Orfelia (Isoneuromyia) ventosa Sivec & Plassmann is transferred to Neoplatyura. A key to Oriental species is given.

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36

Okada, Ryohei, Weeyawat Jaitrong, and Günther Wewalka. "A review of Microdytes J. Balfour-Browne, 1946 from Thailand, Laos, and Cambodia with descriptions of five new species and new records (Coleoptera, Dytiscidae)." ZooKeys 1159 (April 25, 2023): 87–119. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1159.99218.

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Анотація:

The diving beetle genus Microdytes J. Balfour-Browne, 1946 in Thailand, Laos, and Cambodia is reviewed, and five new species are described: Microdytes eliasi Wewalka & Okada, sp. nov. (Thailand, Cambodia), M. jeenthongi Okada & Wewalka, sp. nov. (Thailand), M. maximiliani Wewalka & Okada, sp. nov. (Laos, China), M. sekaensis Okada & Wewalka, sp. nov. (Thailand, Laos), M. ubonensis Okada & Wewalka, sp. nov. (Thailand, Laos). Two species are the first country records: M. balkei Wewalka, 1997 (Laos, Cambodia) and M. wewalkai Bian & Ji, 2009 (Laos). For 12 and 8 species, the first provincial records from Thailand and Laos, respectively, are given. A checklist, a key to the 25 known Microdytes species from these countries, and habitus images and illustrations of diagnostic characters are provided. Distribution maps of the recorded species are presented, and species distribution patterns are also briefly discussed.

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37

Munir, Ahmad Mubarak, Muhammad Aldi Ramdhani, and Yogi Febriantoni Saputra. "Kepentingan Strategis Cina Dalam Pembangunan Jalur Kereta Cepat Cina- Laos (Laos-China Railways)." Indonesian Journal of Peace and Security Studies (IJPSS) 4, no. 2 (December 31, 2022): 46–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.29303/ijpss.v4i2.110.

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Melalui kerangka One Belt One Road Cina secara masif membangun konektivitas kawasan melalui laut, dan darat. Salah satunya membangun jalur kereta api di kawasan Asia Tenggara, Laos menjadi negara pertama yang terintegrasi dengan jalur kereta cepat Cina. Secara geografis Laos bukan negara dengan sumber daya alam melimpah, volume ekspor Laos ke Cina berada pada urutan 7 dari negara Asia Tenggara lain dengan komoditas utama berupa hasil pertanian. Tulisan ini berusaha menggambarkan motivasi Cina membangun jalur kereta cepat Cina-Laos dengan biaya fantastis hampir sepertiga gross domestic product (GDP) Laos. Laos menjadi starting point Cina dalam mendorong integrasi Cina dengan negara-negara lain di kawasan Asia Tenggara lain. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan teknik pengumpulan data studi pustaka

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38

Astafurova, Yulia V., Maxim Yu Proshchalykin, and Maximilian Schwarz. "New and little-known species of the genus Sphecodes Latreille (Hymenoptera, Halictidae) from Southeast Asia." ZooKeys 937 (June 1, 2020): 31–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.937.51708.

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The available information about the cleptoparasitic bees of the genus Sphecodes in Southeast Asia is summarized. Thirty-one species are currently known from this area. Four new species are described: Sphecodes discoverlifei Astafurova & Proshchalykin, sp. nov. (Laos), S. engeli Astafurova & Proshchalykin, sp. nov. (Laos, Vietnam), S. ilyadadaria Astafurova, sp. nov. (Indonesia), and S. pseudoredivivus Astafurova & Proshchalykin, sp. nov. (Laos). Nine species are newly recorded from South East Asia: S. chaprensis Blüthgen, 1927 (Laos), S. howardi Cockerell, 1922 (Malaysia, Myanmar, Thailand), S. kershawi Perkins, 1921 (Indonesia, Malaysia, Myanmar, Thailand), S. laticeps Meyer, 1920 (Thailand, Vietnam), S. montanus Smith, 1879 (Laos), S. sauteri Meyer, 1925 (Laos), S. sikkimensis Blüthgen, 1927 (Laos, Myanmar), S. simlaensis Blüthgen, 1924 (Laos), and S. turneri Cockerell, 1916 (Laos). Based on type specimens, new synonymies have been proposed for Sphecodes kershawi Perkins, 1921 = S. javanensis Blüthgen, 1927, syn. nov.; S. simlaensis Blüthgen, 1924 = S. simlaellus Blüthgen, 1927, syn. nov.; S. laticeps Meyer, 1920 = S. biroi mariae Cockerell, 1930, syn. nov. Lectotypes are designated for Sphecodes biroi Friese, 1909, S. simlaellus Blüthgen, 1927, and S. laticeps Meyer, 1920. The female of Sphecodes sauteri Meyer, 1925, and the male of S. turneri Cockerell, 1916 are described for the first time.

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39

Thanh, Ha Thi Mai. "Words Expressing Garlic and Dill Parts in Vietnamese and Laos Reflect MERONYMY." International Journal of Membrane Science and Technology 10, no. 2 (June 21, 2023): 427–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.15379/ijmst.v10i2.1238.

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This article examines words expressing garlic and dill parts in Vietnamese and Laos reflect meronymy. The underlying theory of the article is the concept of the meaning of words in the system, meronymy. The survey paper has 124 Vietnamese words and 117 Laos words, reflecting the metonymy of words expressing garlic and dill parts. The research methods used by the article are the field linguistic, descriptive, and comparative-contrastive methods. The article establishes lexical gaps of words expressing garlic and dill parts in Vietnamese and Laos. The survey data shows that the linguistic picture of the word expressing garlic and dill in Vietnamese is like Laos (because the number of holonyms in Vietnamese is equivalent to Laos). However, the depth of classification of objective reality in Vietnamese is more detailed, specific, and rich than in Laos (because the number of words only classified in Vietnamese is greater than in Laos).

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40

Giovannini, Gabriele. "Power and Geopolitics along the Mekong: The Laos–Vietnam Negotiation on the Xayaburi Dam." Journal of Current Southeast Asian Affairs 37, no. 2 (August 2018): 63–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/186810341803700203.

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This article is the first account of an overlooked aspect of the Xayaburi Dam, currently under construction in Laos in the mainstream of the Lower Mekong River; namely, the negotiations between Laos and Vietnam. Despite broad consensus among scholars and observers that Vietnam and Laos had diverging interests and preferences regarding the Xayaburi Dam, how Laos went ahead with the project despite Vietnam's explicit opposition to it has so far remained completely uncharted. This article aims to fill this knowledge gap by focusing on the state-to-state level of the Xayaburi Dam and addressing the factors that enabled Laos to pursue its interests prevailing over Vietnam despite the clear power asymmetry that shapes the bilateral relationship. The article concludes that geopolitical factors have limited Vietnam's leverage and its capacity to implement effective countermeasures to prevent Laos going ahead with the construction of the dam and have led to a positive outcome in relational power terms for Laos.

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41

Hasana, Kiki R., Harapin Hafid, and La Malesi. "NILAI NUTRISI DAGING SAPI SETELAH PERENDAMAN DALAM JUS RIMPANG LAOS (Alpinai Galanga)." Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Peternakan Tropis 4, no. 1 (January 10, 2017): 13. http://dx.doi.org/10.33772/jitro.v4i1.2719.

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Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh ekstrak laos (Alpinia galanga) terhadap komposisi kimia daging sapi bali. Penelitian ini menggunakan ekstrak laos dengan konsentrasi 20% dan 40% dengan lama simpan 6 jam. Penelitian terdiri atas 3 perlakuan (P0 = kontrol atau tanpa perlakuan, P1 = 20% ekstrak laos, P2 = 40% ekstrak laos) dengan 4 ulangan. Variabel yang diukur adalah kadar air, lemak, protein dan bahan anorganik (abu). Data yang diperoleh dianalisis menggunakan rancangan Acak Lengkap dan dilanjutkan dengan uji Beda Nyata Jujur. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa kadar air daging sapi Bali yang dilumuri ekstrak laos mengalami peningkatan yaitu 74,13 – 76,06 %, kadar protein mengalami penurunan berkisar antara 19,32 – 11,19%, kadar lemak mengalami peingkatan yaitu 5,51 – 5,95 %, dan kadar abu menurun yaitu 1,06 – 0,84 %. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa pelumuran ekstrak laos berpengaruh sangat nyata (p<0,01) terhadap kadar air, kadar abu, kadar protein daging sapi Bali dan berpengaruh tidak nyata (p<0,05) terhadap kadar lemak daging sapi Bali. Pelumuran ekstrak laos pada daging sapi Bali sebanyak 20% dan 40% dapat meningkatkan kadar air dan kadar lemak dan menurunkan kadar abu dan kadar protein. Kata kunci: Rimpang Laos, Daging sapi, Kadar air, Kadar Protein, Kadar lemak, Kadar abu

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42

Miller, Terry E., and Jacques Brunet. "Laos: Traditional Music of the South/Laos: Musique traditionnelle du sud." Ethnomusicology 39, no. 1 (1995): 162. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/852217.

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43

Baird, Ian G. "Different views of history: Shades of irredentism along the Laos–Cambodia border." Journal of Southeast Asian Studies 41, no. 2 (May 4, 2010): 187–213. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022463410000020.

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The administrative boundary between Laos and Cambodia is amongst the least studied international borders in Southeast Asia. Since Laos and Cambodia became independent in 1953–54, relatively minor but sustained tensions have characterised border relations. An important reason for disagreements is irredentist feelings. Some ethnic Lao in both Laos and Cambodia believe that part of northeastern Cambodia should be added to Laos, while some ethnic Khmer in Cambodia insist that their border should be extended to include part of southern Laos. Different emphases and framings of history have contributed to irredentism and the development of identities in relation to the border.

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44

Apiratwarakul, Korakot, Ismet Celebi, Somsak Tiamkao, Vajarabhongsa Bhudhisawasdi, Chatkhane Pearkao, and Kamonwon Ienghong. "Understanding of Development Emergency Medical Services in Laos Emergency Medicine Residents." Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences 9, E (November 12, 2021): 1085–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2021.7333.

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BACKGROUND: Rising death tolls from traffic accidents are quickly becoming an inescapable problem in almost all countries around the world. That being said, the World Health Organization has launched an ambitious campaign aimed at reducing the death rate from traffic accidents by 50% in the next 10 years. Development of emergency medical services (EMSs) was the tool to success the goals, especially in low- to middle-income countries including Laos. However, no studies regard perspective of training EMS in Laos emergency medicine residents. AIM: The aim of our work is to demonstrate the effect of EMS training for Laos emergency medicine residents to the development of the national policy in Lao’s EMS. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted in two countries (Laos and Thailand) from January 2020. The project activities were establishment of a command-and-control center, development of EMS support system, and training for emergency care professionals. RESULTS: The eight Laos emergency medicine residents were enrolled between January and March 2020. After practicing as a dispatcher and emergency medical consultant in Thailand at Khon Kaen University, the participants from Laos found that all personnel gained experience and improved their knowledge of technology in EMS and organization management. This had a direct impact on improving confidence in their return to practice in Laos. CONCLUSIONS: The human resource development through international collaboration between Thailand and Laos is contributing the effective knowledge and expertise learning in Laos. Moreover, the result of this training may provide the most effective care system resulting in the much-needed drop in the mortality rate of traffic accidents in Laos.

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45

Hu, Yihan. "Evaluating the Changes in Vietnam’s Influence on Laos’ Diplomatic Attitude Towards China Under BRI Using GDELT." Highlights in Business, Economics and Management 35 (June 16, 2024): 50–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.54097/z2bqab03.

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This article evaluates the extent to which Laos’ diplomatic preferences towards China have been influenced by Vietnam's attitudes towards China over the ten years (2014-2023) since the Belt and Road Initiative (hereafter BRI) was implemented. As a small state in the Southeast Asian region, the Lao People's Democratic Republic’s (hereafter Laos) diplomatic choices are influenced by both extra-regional powers and sub-regional power structures. Vietnam, as a sub-regional power, has successfully influenced Laos’ diplomatic policy towards China several times in the past. China’s BRI provides Laos with more flexibility in its diplomatic choices between China and Vietnam. This paper tests the above hypotheses based on the GDELT database. It is assessed that since the BRI was proposed, the Laos’ diplomatic attitude towards China has maintained a rising trend in a spiral. Laos has gradually become more independent in its diplomatic choices, while Vietnam’s influence over it has weakened modestly. Therefore, it can be considered that Vietnam’s attitude towards China does not currently pose a sufficient threat to Laos’ diplomatic attitude towards China.

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46

AHRENS, DIRK. "New Gynaecoserica Brenske, 1897 species and further new bicolored species of the Neoserica calva group (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Melolonthinae: Sericini)." Zootaxa 5165, no. 2 (July 14, 2022): 180–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5165.2.2.

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In this paper, additional new species of Gynaecoserica Brenske, 1897 and the Neoserica calva group from continental Southeast Asia are described: Gynaecoserica krausi Ahrens, new species (Laos), G. obfuscata Ahrens, new species (Laos), Neoserica champassakensis Ahrens, new species (Laos), N. fairyqueen Ahrens, new species (Thailand), and N. samuelsoni Ahrens, new species (Laos). The habitus as well as the aedeagus of the new species are illustrated. New records of further species of the two genera are given.

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47

CHUSAKUL, Wisitsiri, and Sakkarin NONTHAPOT. "Travel Bubble Policy Supporting between Thailand and Laos: Evidence from Tourist Market Integration Testing." Journal of Environmental Management and Tourism 12, no. 4 (June 23, 2021): 948. http://dx.doi.org/10.14505//jemt.v12.4(52).09.

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This paper examines international tourist market integration for international tourists from China, Japan, Malaysia, Korea and USA visiting Thailand and Laos for supporting the travel bubble policy. These are being integrated to be offered as a single destination, using quarterly data from 2001 to 2019. The cointegration test of the ARDL approach assesses the number of international tourists. The results of the research show that the tourism markets of Thailand and Laos are integrated. In the short run, international tourists from China and Malaysia who visit Laos also visit Thailand. Bi-directional causality was evident for tourists from Japan, Korea and the USA. For long run causality, tourists from Japan, Malaysia, Korea and the USA who visit Laos also visit Thailand. Therefore, we can confirm that both Thailand and Laos follow the single destination policy and both countries are complementary tourism destinations for international tourists. Therefore, this study confirms that Thailand and Laos can be launch the travel bubble policy. The Thailand and Laos governments should target tourism markets by travel bubble policy with special protocols that is designed to improve competitiveness or to enhance tourism market efficiency.

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48

Rogozhina, Natalia G. "Laos and China's Belt and Road Initiative – Gains and Losses." South East Asia: Actual problems of Development, no. 2(51) (2021): 166–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.31696/2072-8271-2021-2-2-51-166-173.

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The article analyzes the consequences of Laos' participation in the Chinese Belt and Road Initiative. The benefits acquired and possible losses are assessed. The construction of a railway in Laos, linking it to China, is the most successful Belt and Road project in Southeast Asia, which has a special place in China's strategic plans. The railway construction project is of great economic importance for Laos and in the future can stimulate its economic growth. At the same time, there is a risk of falling into debt dependence on China. The ability of Laos to meet its debt obligations will depend on the profitability of the project, which, however, raises many questions, since the project is more focused on the short-term interests of China than on the long-term interests of Laos. Whether Laos will be able to economically benefit from the construction of the railway remains questionable. But there is no doubt that China will benefit. China will not only strengthen economic presence in this country, relying on the support of the local elite, but also use Laos as a springboard to move deeper into Southeast Asia.

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Klausnitzer, Bernhard. "Zur Kenntnis der in Laos vorkommenden Scirtidae. Teil 1 (Coleoptera). (151. Beitrag zur Kenntnis der Scirtidae)." Beiträge zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 60, no. 1 (July 31, 2010): 213–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.21248/contrib.entomol.60.1.213-228.

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Es wird eine neue Art der Gattung Cyphon aus Laos beschrieben. Die Beschreibungen von Cyphon ferrugatulus, Indiocyphon rufopacus und Exochomoscirtes tetrastigma werden ergänzt. Das bisher unbekannte Weibchen von Cyphon ferrugatulus wird beschrieben. Cyphon ferrugatulus, Indiocyphon rufopacus, Scirtes japonicus und Exochomoscirtes tetrastigma werden neu für Laos gemeldet. Eine Bestimmungstabelle für die Arten der Cyphon ochraceus-Untergruppe wird vorgelegt. Weiterhin werden Neufunde von bereits aus Laos bekannten Arten aufgeführt und ein Katalog der aus Laos bisher bekannten Scirtidae gegeben.Nomenklatorische Handlungenlothari Klausnitzer, 2010 (Cyphon), spec. nov.

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50

Joyner, Helen S. "Nonlinear (Large-Amplitude Oscillatory Shear) Rheological Properties and Their Impact on Food Processing and Quality." Annual Review of Food Science and Technology 12, no. 1 (March 25, 2021): 591–609. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-food-061220-100714.

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Large-amplitude oscillatory shear (LAOS) testing has been increasingly used over the past several decades to provide a fuller picture of food rheological behavior. Although LAOS is relatively easy to perform on a wide variety of foods, interpretation of the resulting data can be difficult, as it may not be possible to link the results to food components, microstructural features or changes, or physicochemical properties. Several analysis methods have been developed to address this issue, but there is currently no standard method for foods. In food research, LAOS has mainly been used to investigate connections between food microstructures and rheological behaviors, although there have been some studies on connections between food LAOS behaviors and processing or sensory behaviors. LAOS has the potential to be a valuable tool for investigating food structure–function–texture relationships, but much work remains to develop these relationships, particularly in the area of connecting LAOS to sensory attributes.

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