Дисертації з теми "Landslide assessment"
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Abdel-Latif, M. A. "Landslide hazard assessment." The Ohio State University, 1994. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1371042717.
Повний текст джерелаGuzzetti, Fausto. "Landslide hazard and risk assessment." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2006. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=980716993.
Повний текст джерелаKaram, Karim S. (Karim Semaan) 1977. "Landslide hazards assessment and uncertainties." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/33690.
Повний текст джерелаIncludes bibliographical references (v. 2, p. 736-750).
Landslides are natural phenomena which are difficult to predict because their initiation depends on many factors and on the interaction between these factors. The annual number of causalities caused by landslides is in the thousands, and infrastructural damage is in the billions of dollars. To satisfy the increasingly urgent societal demand for protection against landslides, it is necessary to systematically assess and manage landslide hazard and risk. This can be done using principles of decision making under uncertainty. We develop an advanced combined hydrologic - stability model that is better capable of assessing landslide hazards than current models used in landslide analyses. This model allows one to evaluate landslide hazards deterministically. We use the model to study landslide failure mechanisms, and classify these according to the manner in which a slope gets saturated during rain. We showed that slopes with great depths to bedrock and shallow depths to the water table, tend to fail by saturation from below, resulting in deep seated landslides, and slopes with deep lying water tables tend to fail by saturation from above, resulting in shallow landslides.
(cont) Landslide hazards include, by definition, uncertainties which can be expressed probabilistically. Uncertainties arise from parameters and from models. We develop efficient techniques to formally incorporate parameter uncertainties into the combined hydrologic - stability model, and hence into the hazard assessment procedure. We then show that landslide hazards are significantly influenced by the joint probability distribution of the soil strength parameters and the strength submodel(s) used in the stability models, and by the soil characteristic curve submodel(s) used in the hydrologic models. This study leads to a better understanding of landslide mechanisms and to advanced models that assess landslide hazards more accurately than current models. The results of parameter uncertainty investigations show which parameters are most important in landslide analyses, and hence where it is worthwhile to obtain more information. The results of model uncertainty investigations show which models are most important in landslide analyses, and hence where further research needs to be undertaken.
by Karim S. Karam.
Ph.D.
FERRETTI, ANTONIO. "Landslide hazard assessment in structurally complex soils." Doctoral thesis, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/11566/274557.
Повний текст джерелаIn the European context, Italy is the most landslide prone country where landslides are the most frequent and disperse natural hazards. Therefore, the landslide hazard assessment, especially in terms of quantity, is a relevant and current problem and plays a central role within the risk assessment and management framework, allowing to find the best remedial measures and strategies to cope with such phenomena. In this context, this work has focused on the analysis and understanding of the most relevant slope factors and processes that contribute to the stability of natural slopes. In fact, a proper diagnosis of the landslide mechanism is of primary importance to the quantitative definition of the hazard posed by a given landslide. In particular, a stepwise diagnosis of a real landslide, which interacts with a segment of an important highway in central Italy, has been developed. Such landslide has been properly chosen since well representative of a class of slope failures so widespread in the national territory, generally referred to as “active slow moving landslides”. These large-scale slope movements take place in gentle slopes made of stiff clayey deposits, very often tectonically disturbed, that exhibit periodically reactivations related to the rainfall regime of the area. Since low entity velocities characterize these landslides, they are not hazardous for human lives but they have an important economic impact on society, being responsible for extensive damage to urban settlements and infrastructures. In the developed diagnostic process, monitoring turned out to be a precious instrument that allowed depicting clearly the actual response of the system to the external actions affecting its stability, i.e. rainfalls and seismic shakings. This aspect highlights the central role played by a good quality monitoring as a part of the investigation of slope stability. With regard to the rainfall-induced effects, transient hydraulic analyses have been carried out by means of finite element method modelling that tried to account for the most relevant aspects that govern the infiltration process. A good agreement between the simulated groundwater fluctuations and the monitored ones has been obtained, demonstrating that the numerical model is able to reproduce realistically the hydraulic response of the slope as a function of the rainfall regime. Subsequently, limit equilibrium stability analyses have been conducted by considering the simulated groundwater fluctuations in order to quantify their effect on the slope stability. The general low values of the factor of safety, obtained considering that the residual shear strength is fully attained along the entire slip surface, confirmed the precarious stability of the landslide, as highlighted by inclinometer monitoring. Therefore, such modelling provided a further interpretation of the analysed landslide mechanism. Moreover, the stability of the slope has been also evaluated under earthquake loadings. Thanks to the very rare availability of both monitored seismic displacements and accelerometric records, it has been possible to estimate the critical acceleration of the system based on real data. To do so, a back-analysis procedure has been carried out by the well-known Newmark’s method. The obtained values are in good agreement with other estimates reported in literature and with the ones calculated by the pseudostatic method. As a result, it has been possible to give a reliable estimate of the critical acceleration of the slope, which is an essential parameter in evaluating its performance under earthquake loadings. In conclusion, even though this work has been focused on a specific case study, most of the findings are relevant to deepen the knowledge of such complex natural phenomena and the interpretative process adopted can be applied to other similar situations.
Postance, Benjamin F. "Indirect impact of landslide hazards on transportation infrastructure." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2017. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/32771.
Повний текст джерелаLam, Huu Quang. "DEVELOPMENT OF HAZARD ASSESSMENT TECHNOLOGY OF THE PRECURSOR STAGE OF LANDSLIDES." Kyoto University, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/232065.
Повний текст джерелаProtong, Shotiros. "Climate change and landslide risk assessment in Thailand." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2016. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/401821/.
Повний текст джерелаAlvarado, Bueno Mauricio. "Landslide motion assessment including thermal interaction : an MPM approach." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/525825.
Повний текст джерелаEl riesgo asociado con deslizamientos de origen natural o artificial depende de la predicción del comportamiento posterior a la rotura de la masa movilizada. Actualmente se están desarrollando modelos numéricos capaces de integrar la geometría del deslizamiento y su evolución, la interacción hidromecánica acoplada y las propiedades del suelo en el contexto de fuerzas dinámicas y grandes desplazamientos. Esta tesis es una contribución a este esfuerzo. En este sentido, el método del punto material (MPM) es especialmente adecuado para analizar deslizamientos con grandes desplazamientos. Este procedimiento numérico debe ir acompañado de ensayos bajo condiciones controladas para poder comprobar y calibrar la respuesta numérica. En esta tesis se evalúan las capacidades del código MPM desarrollado, mediante la modelación de ensayos de laboratorio a escala con grandes desplazamientos. Para lograr una adecuada comparación de los resultados experimentales y numéricos, se analizan los experimentos mediante la interpretación de imágenes digitales secuenciales del movimiento del medio granular durante el ensayo (técnica PIV). Con este fin, se desarrolla un procedimiento novedoso para la obtención del campo de deformaciones en el tiempo y el seguimiento de la trayectoria de las partículas de forma idónea para la comparación con resultados numéricos calculados en MPM. El principal objetivo de la tesis fue el desarrollo de una herramienta potente de cálculo capaz de simular el comportamiento de los deslizamientos desde la rotura inicial hasta la fase de post-rotura incluyendo efectos térmicos que determinan la evolución del movimiento. Para esto, se desarrolla e implementa una formulación para problemas no isotérmicos acoplados con el comportamiento hidráulico y mecánico en MPM. Esta formulación incluye la disipación del trabajo friccional en forma de calor, lo cual ocurre principalmente en las bandas donde se localiza la deformación de corte. Este fenómeno descrito es fuertemente dependiente con el espesor de la banda de corte y esto se traduce en una fuerte dependencia de los resultados numéricos en MPM con la malla de discretización empleada. En esta tesis se presenta un novedoso procedimiento para solventar este problema. Por último se presenta la modelación del movimiento ocurrido en el deslizamiento rápido de Vajont (Italia 1963). Se introduce un modelo 2D en deformación plana sin una definición "a priori" de la superficie de deslizamiento. De hecho, generalizando los trabajos hechos anteriormente, los materiales movilizados no se restringen a solidos rígidos interconectados a lo largo de una superficie de contacto predefinida y la generación de calor no se limita a una única superficie predefinida. Así, los procesos de interacción térmica se desarrollan en todo el modelo en función de la localización e intensidad de las deformaciones.
Mason, Philippa Jane. "Landslide hazard assessment using remote sensing and GIS techniques." Thesis, Imperial College London, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/8899.
Повний текст джерелаHendy, Setiawan. "Landslide Hazard Assessment on the Upstream of Dam Reservoir." 京都大学 (Kyoto University), 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/225565.
Повний текст джерелаKyoto University (京都大学)
0048
新制・課程博士
博士(工学)
甲第20340号
工博第4277号
新制||工||1662(附属図書館)
京都大学大学院工学研究科社会基盤工学専攻
(主査)教授 寶 馨, 教授 角 哲也, 准教授 佐山 敬洋
学位規則第4条第1項該当
Walstra, Jan. "Historical aerial photographs and digital photogrammetry for landslide assessment." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2006. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/2501.
Повний текст джерелаPham, Van Tien. "MECHANISMS AND HAZARD ASSESSMENT OF RAINFALL-INDUCED LANDSLIDE DAMS." Kyoto University, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/231989.
Повний текст джерелаKyoto University (京都大学)
0048
新制・課程博士
博士(工学)
甲第21056号
工博第4420号
新制||工||1687(附属図書館)
京都大学大学院工学研究科社会基盤工学専攻
(主査)教授 寶 馨, 教授 角 哲也, 准教授 佐山 敬洋
学位規則第4条第1項該当
Rodriguez, Pineda Carlos Eduardo. "Hazard assessment of earthquake-induced landslides on natural slopes." Boston Spa, U.K. : British Library Document Supply Centre, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?did=1&uin=uk.bl.ethos.247774.
Повний текст джерелаWahlstrand, Anna. "Landslide scars in the Kenyan highlands : Physical and chemical topsoil changes and landslide susceptibility assessment under tropical conditions." Licentiate thesis, Stockholms universitet, Institutionen för naturgeografi, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-113346.
Повний текст джерелаEndogena och exogena krafter påverkar varaktigt vårt jordklot och geografiska förhållanden avgör vilken typ av förändring som kan komma att ske. Extrema naturhändelser som påverkar människor negativt kallas naturkatastrofer. I bergig terräng kan massrörelser äga rum och i den här studien behandlas en typ av massrörelse, jordskred. Jordskred sker över hela jorden och beror på försvagade mothållande krafter i förhållande till den gravitation som påverkar material i sluttningar. De vanligaste utlösande faktorerna är jordbävningar eller långvarig nederbörd som gör jorden vattenmättad, vilket leder till minskad skjuvhållfasthet. En ökad befolkning på jorden ökar kravet på matproduktion vilket har lett till att sluttningar i perifera områden har börjat utnyttjas för odling. Detta gäller i allra högsta grad i utvecklingsländer, där befolkningen i flera fall har dubblerats på kort tid. På grund av begränsade ekonomiska tillgångar, på allt från nationell till individuell nivå, påverkas människor i dessa områden hårt om en naturkatastrof inträffar. De har ofta svårt att hantera situationen, att anpassa sig till densamma eller att återhämta sig efteråt vilket gör dessa människor sårbara. Människors sårbarhet kan minskas bland annat genom ökad kunskap, eller genom att öka utsattas medvetenhet om de faror de exponeras för. Det övergripande syftet med den här studien är därför att öka kunskapen kring jordskredsrelaterade problem i ett tätbefolkat tropiskt höglandsområde. Studieområdet är beläget strax söder om ekvatorn i de centrala delarna av Kenya i den sydöstra delen av Aberdare Range. Området, som omfattar delar av Muranga och Nyeri Counties, karaktäriseras av ett undulerande landskap med korta, branta sluttningar som på grund av sina produktiva jordar dessutom är tätbefolkade. Sluttningarna i området bär spår av historiska såväl som nutida jordskredsärr. Artikel 1: För att öka kunskapen kring förändringar i marken efter att ett jordskred skett i området undersöks i den här studien hur återhämtningen i marken skett över längre tid tid, sett ur ett jordbruksperspektiv. Dessutom har marktäckningen i skreden dokumenteras. Studien skall ge svar på följande frågor (1) Hur ser återhämtningen ut i jordar i området efter att ett jordskred skett? (2) Hur har marktäckningen förändrats i skredärren över tid? För att undersöka jordens beskaffenhet togs jordprover i sju jordskredsärr och i anslutande omgivande mark. Kemiska och fysiska parametrar analyserades i laboratorium i Nairobi. Resultaten jämfördes med resultat från tidigare undersökningar i samma skredärr gjorda på 1980- och 1990-talet. Resultaten visar på en varierande positiv och negativ utveckling över tid. Jämfört med referensvärden från omgivande mark är dock skillnaderna efter > 20 år små, utom vad gäller organiskt kol som fortfarande visar lägre värden i skreden än i omgivande mark. Samtal med jordskredsdrabbade bönder i området i februari 2013, litteraturstudier och dokumentation i form av fotografier har gett en bild av hur marktäckningen och vegetationsutvecklingen i skredärren har sett ut över tid. Resultaten visar att markanvändningen har förändrats och att skogsmark ersatts av odlingsmark och därefter återigen planterats med, till stor del, eukalyptusträd. Studien bidrar med ökad kunskap om hur mark i området återhämtar sig efter att ett jordskred skett och hur marktäckningen förändrats över tid. Artikel 2: I andra delar av världen har kartor utformats för att visualisera skredkänsliga områden med hjälp av GIS. I Kenya är användningen av GIS fortfarande begränsad, då verktyget är dyrt och kräver data av hög kvalitet. I den här studien undersöks i vilken omfattning GIS är möjligt att använda för bedömning av skredrisk i ett tropiskt höglandsområde. Frågan är om relevanta data finns att tillgå och om data är av tillräckligt hög kvalité för att göra en tillförlitlig analys? Eller kan man på andra sätt identifiera de viktigaste orsakerna till jordskred och därmed medvetandegöra människor om riskabla faktorer? Parametrar som ofta använts i tidigare utförda undersökningar antogs även i denna studie. Data insamlades, dels från myndigheter i Kenya, dels genom fältarbete och dels från kommersiella företag. Vi har erhållit och arbetat med följande data; (1) en digital höjdmodell (30 m upplösning), (2) Google Earth (högupplösta bilder från Digital Globe, 2012), (3) nederbördsdata, (4) flygfoton från 1959, (5) beskrivningar från historiska jordskred från vetenskapliga artiklar, (6) fältobservationer och (7) samtal med bönder och jordbrukskunnig personal från distriktet. Datahanteringen och analyserna genomfördes i ArcGis 10.0. Beräkning av morfometriska faktorer som sluttningsvinklar, sluttningsriktningar, sluttningars konvexitet och konkavitet utfördes med hjälp av höjdmodellen. Markanvändning, vägar och vattendrag karterades i Google Earth och satellitbilder från 2012. Dessutom karterades skog i ett begränsat område utifrån flygbilder från 1959. Avstånden mellan befintliga skredärr och vägar och vattendrag uppmättes i satellitbilden, varvid en bedömning också gjordes av huruvida skreden troligen var orsakade av väg- eller vattendragsrelaterade faktorer. Analyserna jämfördes med uppmätta värden från 36 tidigare dokumenterade skred i området. Jämförelsen visade att höjdmodellen inte var tillräckligt noggrann för att fånga de branta sluttningar, sluttningsriktningar och konkaviteter som de flesta gamla skred utbildats i. Avsaknaden av information om när avskogningen skett och när de gamla skreden ägt rum gör att det inte heller går att använda markanvändningsförändringar som en parameter i vidare analyser av känsliga områden. Utifrån parametrar som kunde karteras i satellitbilder och med hjälp av information som samlades in under fältarbetet kan vi visa att jordskred i undersökningsområdet mest sannolikt sker under regnperioderna på sluttningar med en lutning på ≥ 25°, och som ligger nära en väg. Resultaten ökar dels medvetenheten kring datakvalitet vid analys av jordskredskänsliga områden i tropiska högländer, dels kunskapen om under vilka förhållanden skred kan ske.
Schlögel, Romy. "Quantitative landslide hazard assessment with remote sensing observations and statistical modelling." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015STRAH009/document.
Повний текст джерелаThe analysis of landslide inventories is the basis for quantitative hazard assessment. Landslide inventory maps are prepared using conventional methods (field surveys, visual interpretation of aerial photographs) and new remote sensing techniques. One of the most promising techniques for landslide detection and mapping is related to the measurement of the ground deformation by satellite radar interferometry (InSAR).This doctoral thesis is dedicated to the preparation of a multi-date inventory, from multi-source data, including InSAR, for a quantitative assessment of landslide hazard. The methods associate the analysis of Earth Observation products and statistical modelling for the characterization of landslide hazard in a rural and mountainous region of the South French Alps. They have been developed at the slope (1:5000-1:2000) and the regional (1:25.000-1:10.000) scales. For the creation of a multi-date inventory, this study developed a combined interpretation of time series of SAR images, aerial photographs, geomorphological maps, historical reports and field surveys. At the slope-scale, a geomorphologically-guided methodology using InSAR was proposed to identify landslide displacement patterns and measure their kinematic evolution. At regional scale, spatio-temporal distribution of landslides is characterised and hazard is assessed by computing spatial and temporal probabilities of occurrence for a given intensity of the phenomena. The spatial occurrence is evaluated using a multivariate model (logistic regression). The temporal occurrence of landslide is estimated with a Poisson probability model to compute exceedance probabilities for several return periods. Different mapping units were used in the modelling, and their influence on the results is discussed. Analysis of landslide hazard is then proposed for some particular hotspots. Relationships between landslide (re)activations and triggering factors are envisaged
Motamedi, Manouchehr. "Quantitative Landslide Hazard Assessment in Regional Scale Using Statistical Modeling Techniques." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1374074469.
Повний текст джерелаFourniadis, Ioannis. "Regional assessment of landslide impact in the Three Gorges, China, using remote sensing." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/7908.
Повний текст джерелаPaudel, Bhuwani Prasad. "GIS-based Assessment of Debris Flow Susceptibility and Hazard in Mountainous Regions of Nepal." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/38817.
Повний текст джерелаAl-Umar, Mohammad. "GIS Based Assessment of Climate-induced Landslide Susceptibility of Sensitive Marine Clays in the Ottawa Region, Canada." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/37218.
Повний текст джерелаBalal, Onur. "Probabilistic Seismic Hazard Assessment For Earthquake Induced Landslides." Master's thesis, METU, 2013. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12615453/index.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаs Sliding Block (NSB) Analysis are widely used to represent the stability of a slope under earthquake shaking. The outcome of this analogy is the slope displacement where larger displacement values indicate higher seismic slope instability risk. Recent studies in the literature propose empirical models between the slope displacement and single or multiple ground motion intensity measures such as peak ground acceleration or Arias intensity. These correlations are based on the analysis of large datasets from global ground motion recording database (PEER NGA-W1 Database). Ground motions from earthquakes occurred in Turkey are poorly represented in NGA-W1 database since corrected and processed data from Turkey was not available until recently. The objective of this study is to evaluate the compatibility of available NSB displacement prediction models for the Probabilistic Seismic Hazard Assessment (PSHA) applications in Turkey using a comprehensive dataset of ground motions recorded during earthquakes occurred in Turkey. Then the application of selected NSB displacement prediction model in a vector-valued PSHA framework is demonstrated with the explanations of seismic source characterization, ground motion prediction models and ground motion intensity measure correlation coefficients. The results of the study is presented in terms of hazard curves and a comparison is made with a case history in Asarsuyu Region where seismically induced landslides (Bakacak Landslides) had taken place during 1999 Dü
zce Earthquake.
Lam, Hoi-lee, and 林凱莉. "Processing of the 2010 LiDAR data at the Pos Selim landslide and assessment of the uncertainty of survey information." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2012. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B49770755.
Повний текст джерелаpublished_or_final_version
Applied Geosciences
Master
Master of Science
Miles, Scott B. "Participatory assessment of a comprehensive areal model of earthquake-induced landslides /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/5609.
Повний текст джерелаNash, Timothy Richard. "Engineering geological assessment of selected landslide dams formed from the 1929 Murchison and 1968 Inangahua earthquakes." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Geological Science, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/9342.
Повний текст джерелаWalsh, Andrew Timothy. "Engineering Geomorphological Assessment and Slope Hazard Identification of the Haast Pass Highway Corridor, State Highway Six, Haast Pass New Zealand." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Geological Sciences, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/10575.
Повний текст джерелаKhampilang, Namphon. "Landslide assessment in a remote mountain region : a case study from the Toktogul region of Kyrgyzstan, Central Asia." Thesis, University of Portsmouth, 2015. https://researchportal.port.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/landslide-assessment-in-a-remote-mountain-region(037d93c1-8d2d-49b4-bd85-8afd08d3f98e).html.
Повний текст джерелаNillorm, Mallika. "Landslide inventories for risk assessment in a World Heritage Site : a case study of Lulworth Cove, UK." Thesis, University of Portsmouth, 2016. https://researchportal.port.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/landslide-inventories-for-risk-assessment-in-a-world-heritage-site(360a9666-07bf-4991-84a3-59dcd275b830).html.
Повний текст джерелаYates, Katherine. "Post-disaster geotechnical response for hilly terrain: a case study from the Canterbury Earthquake Sequence." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Geological Sciences, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/9345.
Повний текст джерелаCardozo, Claudia Paola. "A spatially integrated modelling approach to landslide risk assessment: a case study of the Nova Friburgo disaster - RJ, Brazil." Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE), 2018. http://urlib.net/sid.inpe.br/mtc-m21c/2018/03.12.14.01.
Повний текст джерелаOs deslizamentos de terra causam enormes prejuízos econômicos e mortes em todo o mundo. O Mega desastre 2011 na região montanhosa do Rio de Janeiro é considerado o pior desastre na história do Brasil. Tradicionalmente, o tópico de risco foi analisado a partir de uma perspectiva puramente baseada na engenharia que provou ter uma resposta ineficaz para enfrentar os desafios impostos por fatores físicos e sociais, especialmente em países de baixa renda. Esta tese apresenta um marco conceitual para uma avaliação integrada do risco e realiza a proposta de maneira prática no município de Nova Friburgo, como um estudo de caso. Na primeira parte desta pesquisa, uma avaliação do componente físico do risco foi abordada. Três cenários de suscetibilidade a escorregamentos foram realizados usando um DEM de 10m de resolução espacial, dados geotécnicos e um inventário de deslizamentos. Os resultados sugerem que o cenário que utilizou uma ampla gama de valores de coesão foi capaz de prever quase 70% dos deslizamentos de terra inventariados e cerca de 50% do território com áreas propensas a deslizamentos. Na segunda parte desta tese, se analisou o componente humano de risco. Uma avaliação de vulnerabilidade social - usando o método SoVI - e a coleta de dados desagregados por idade, sexo e raça/etnia dos óbitos provocados pelos deslizamentos de 2011 foram realizados. Os resultados revelam uma vulnerabilidade social diferenciada entre os setores censitários. A maioria deles foi classificada como moderadamente vulnerável. Embora as áreas altamente vulneráveis não sejam amplamente distribuídas no território, elas são importantes devido à sua localização e implicações para a matriz econômica do município. Em relação aos óbitos por deslizamentos de terra, foram registradas434 vítimas. A análise espacial indica que a maior mortalidade se localizou nas zonas do noroeste e centro do município. O desastre provocado pelos deslizamentos de terra afetou aos homens e mulheres de maneira diferente. Na maioria das faixas etárias, morreram mais homens e meninos do que mulheres e meninas. Cinquenta por cento daqueles que perderam suas vidas eram os mais jovens e os idosos. A população negra teve uma taxa de mortalidade ligeiramente maior do que os Pardos e brancos. Os dados não revelaram uma tendência discernível na associação entre vulnerabilidade social e óbitos. Parece que a magnitude dos deslizamentos foi tão grande que todos os habitantes de Nova Friburgo foram igualmente atingidos, além das desigualdades expressas por sua vulnerabilidade social. Na terceira parte desta investigação, determinou-se a probabilidade de risco de deslizamento, para isso a vulnerabilidade social e a susceptibilidade aos deslizamentos de terra foram combinados usando o Modelo Aditivo Generalizado (GAM). Os resultados sugerem que, em terrenos instáveis, basta um nível moderado de vulnerabilidade social para aumentar a probabilidade de risco de deslizamento. Os resultados também destacam a capacidade do modelo de descobrir padrões oculto no conjunto de dados, capturando um efeito não linear da variável vulnerabilidade social e um efeito linear da variável estabilidade do terreno. Em conclusão, o marco conceptual proposto é genérico e flexível pelo que pode ser aplicado a outras áreas, escalas de análise e tipos de perigos naturais, embora seja necessária alguma adaptação, dependendo dos dados disponíveis. Além disso, a abordagem integrada desta tese destaca que é viável e necessário vincular dados de diferentes domínios científicos para melhor compreender o risco de desastres, reduzir riscos e reduzir perdas de vidas humanas e ativos econômicos por meio de ações baseadas em conhecimento. Deve-se notar que esta pesquisa está em conformidade com as diretrizes dadas na primeira área prioritária para a ação do Marco de Sendai para a Redução de Riscos de Desastres 2015-2030, que descreve a importância de "Compreender o risco de desastres". Finalmente, o conhecimento resultante desta pesquisa fornece à comunidade, às organizações e ao governo de Nova Friburgo uma base para compreender o risco relacionado a um perigo natural específico: "os deslizamentos" que podem ser aproveitados para obter uma preparação melhor e respostas eficazes a desastres futuros e também para promover sociedades resilientes aos desastres.
Grahn, Tonje. "Risk assessment of natural hazards : Data availability and applicability for loss quantification." Doctoral thesis, Karlstads universitet, Institutionen för miljö- och livsvetenskaper, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-48324.
Повний текст джерелаNatural hazard damages have increased worldwide. Impacts caused by hydrological and meteorological hazards have increased the most. An analysis of insurance payments in Sweden showed that flood damages have been increasing in Sweden as well. With climate change and increasing populations we can expect this trend to continue unless efforts are made to reduce risk and adapt communities to the threats. Economic analysis and quantitative risk assessments of natural hazards are fundamental parts of a risk management process that can support policymakers' decisions on efficient risk reduction. However, in order to develop reliable damage estimation models knowledge is needed of the relationships between hazard exposure and the vulnerability of exposed objects and persons. This thesis has established causal relationships between residential exposure and flood damage on the basis of insurance data. I also found that private damage-reducing actions decreased the probability of damage to buildings with almost 40 percent. Further, a causal relationship has been established between the number of people exposed to quick clay landslides and fatalities. Even though several relationships have been identified between flood exposure and vulnerability, the effects can explain only small parts of the total variation in damages, especially at object level, and more effort is needed to develop quantitative models for risk assessment purposes.
Erener, Arzu. "An Approach For Landslide Risk Assesment By Using Geographic Information Systems (gis) And Remote Sensing (rs)." Phd thesis, METU, 2009. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/3/12611314/index.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаbased mapping unit.
Risby, Olle. "Crystallization and Emplacement of the Monte Amarelo Dikes: Magma Storage Assessment on Fogo, Cape Verde Islands." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för geovetenskaper, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-316988.
Повний текст джерелаVulkanön Fogo är en del av ögruppen Kap Verde i Atlanten. Ögruppen bildar en två delad arkipelag positionerad 500 km väster om det afrikanska fastlandet. Ön, tillika vulkanen Fogo har på senare tid varit en av de mest aktiva vulkanerna i världen med 10 utbrott under de senaste 250 åren. Ön byggdes upp av sköldvulkanen Monte Amarelo nådde 3500 m ö h innan delar av den kollapsade ned i Atlanten. Det massiva skredet som skedde mellan 86 och 124 tusen år sedan skapade högplatån Cha das Caldeiras samt den omringande klippsektionen Bordeira. Vi har samlat stenprover från de plutoniska bergarter som har trängt in sig i klippsektionen Bordeira. Målet med vår studie är att skapa en modell för hur magma lagringen fungerar under Fogo. Vi ämnar kartlägga magmalagringsdjupet med hjälp av kemiska variation i mineral som kan användas för att kartlägga kristalliseringstryck och temperatur som i t.ex. klinopyroxen. Vi är samtidigt intresserade av att veta vilka processer som sker i det magmatiska systemet och sambandet mellan vulkanska bergarter t.ex. lava och plutoniska bergarter. Tidigare studier av Fogos magmalagring har använt vulkaniska bergarter, som kristalliserar sig mellan 0.45 till 0.68 GPa när man undersökt kemin på kristallkanter av klinopyroxen. 20 prover har analyserats från Bordeiraklipporna och de innehåller låga kiselhalter, mellan 37 till 47% samt höga mängder alkaliska oxider så som kalium och natrium. Provernas mineralinnehåll består främst av större kristaller av silikatmineralen klinopyroxen ± olivin± fältspat ± främmande amfibolkristaller. De större kristallerna är omringande av en mikrokristallin grundmassa bestående av järn-titanoxider, apatit och fältspatoider. Klinopyroxen har en relativt stor kemisk variation, med Mg#37 till Mg#85, med ett medelvärde på Mg#71. Vi har även två olika sorter av fältspat, en grupp med ett kalciumrik rikt innehåll klassificeras som anortit, och en annan med ett kaliumrikt innehåll, som ortoklas. Vår analys av klinopyroxen-smälta har gett oss kristalliseringstryck som sträcker sig mellan 0.02 till 0.85 GPa med ett medelvärde på 0.47 GPa. Detta innebär att den dominerande processen i magmalagringssystemet är fraktionerad kristallisering då vi kan se ett linjärt avtagande för många ämnen när de jämförs mot magnesiumhalten. Vår magmalagringsmodell för vulkanen Fogo visar att klinopyroxenkrystallisering påbörjas i den litosfäriska manteln, mellan 15 och 28 km djup. Kristallisering av kanter på klinopyroxenkristaller samt mindre kristaller i grundmassan sker ytligare och visar på att det finns en eller flera magmalagringsnivåer i den oceaniska jordskorpan, mellan 9 till 12 km djup. Vulkaniska och plutoniska bergarter vittnar om ett delat magmasystem, vilket indikerar att skillnaden mellan de två bergarterna främst är tiden de befinner sig på respektive lagringsnivå. Vår strukturgeologiska data samt 3D modell visar att den intrusiva aktiviteten var primärt orienterad NV-SO, N-NO och O-Vriktning. Monte Amarelo-vulkanens skred och kollaps orsakades av intruderande gångar med en generell N-S orientering vilket ledde till ett skred på östsidan.
Rose, Brett Tyler. "Tennessee Rockfall Management System." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/29263.
Повний текст джерелаPh. D.
Oztepe, Damla Gaye. "Slope Stability Assessment Along The Bursa-inegol-bozuyuk Road At Km: 72+000-72+200." Master's thesis, METU, 2009. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/3/12611097/index.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаl-Bozü
yü
k Road at KM: 72+000-72+200 in an ancient landslide area. For this purpose, the geotechnical parameters of the mobilized soil along the slide surface was determined by back analyses of the landslide at four profiles by utilizing the Slope/W software. The landslide was then modeled using coupled analyses (with the Seep/W and Slope/W softwares) along the most representative profile of the study area by considering the landslide mechanism, the parameters determined from the geotechnical investigations, the size of the landslide and the location of the slip circle. In addition, since the study area is located in a second degree earthquake hazard region, pseudo-static stability analyses using the Slope/W software were performed incorporating the earthquake potential. The most suitable slope remediation technique was determined to be a combination of surface and subsurface drainage, application of rock buttress at the toe of the slide and unloading of the landslide material. A static and dynamic analyses of the landslide was also performed through utilizing finite element analyses. The static analyses were calibrated using the inclinometer readings in the field. After obtaining a good agreement with the inclinometer readings and finite element analyses results, the dynamic analyses were performed using acceleration time histories, which were determined considering the seismic characteristics of the study area.
Yung-ShengChue and 邱永昇. "Rainfall-Induced Landslide Potential and Landslide Distribution Characteristics Assessment." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/3uadpd.
Повний текст джерелаHsieh, Ang-tai, and 謝昂泰. "Using Slope-Unit for Landslide Fragility Curves on the Regional Landslides Assessment." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/05388677390272516906.
Повний текст джерела逢甲大學
土木工程學系
102
On August 8th 2009, the middle Typhoon Morakot struck Taiwan, and it not only brought around 2000 mm rainfall in south-central Taiwan but also caused a wide range of landslides in eastern and southern sloping fields of Taiwan. Due to the fragile geology and precipitous landforms, plus the development of rare landslide type and barrier lake which intensified the condition of disaster in south-central Taiwan. This study adopts maximum rainfall intensity Imax as rainfall indicator, preceding rainfall R0 and cumulative rainfall R as collapsed thrust, and the collapsed area which is captured from the satellite image to calculate the probability for landslide caused by rainfall which is based on Geographical indexes (Slope Level, NDVI, and River Distance), adopting maximum likelihood method (MLE) to obtain two parameters of median μ and Log-standar deviation σ to draw the probability distribution under various physiographic conditions, namely Landslides Fragility Curves (LFC). Substituting the probability of different rainfall factors into slope unit, and take percentage of each category to weight, and Slope-Unit for Landslide Fragility Curves will be derived. The establishment of Fragility Curve for slope units, the development of reasonable description, the management capacity for landslide alert and disaster assessment method, expecting to be an important basis which can be directly applied to decrease disaster and as an emergency measure before hazard in daily life
Chiou, Lin-Bin, and 邱琳濱. "Assessment of Rainfall Induced Landslide Potential." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/96275923515198497299.
Повний текст джерела臺灣大學
土木工程學研究所
98
The pore pressure increases due to rainfall infiltration, which may result in the slope instability. Thus, the rainfall-induced landslide is closely related to the hydrological response. Regarding the slope stability analysis in the mountain area, usually numerical models were developed and then case studies of disasters were performed. It lacked field testing, monitoring and analysis, and hence the actual hydrogeological parameters could not be integrated into the numerical models. The purpose of this study is to further understand the mechanism of rainfall-induced landslides, the influences of hydrogeological and rainfall characteristics on landslides are investigated. Therefore, instruments are installed, groundwater levels are observed, and field parameters are analyzed. These field data are integrated into the model. First, a series of field hydrogeological tests including the ground resistivity image profiling, the double-ring infiltration test, the borehole camera investigation and the double-packer test are performed to obtain the strata distribution, slip mode and hydrological parameters to help develop the hydrogeological conceptual model. Furthermore, the hydrogeological parameters and the long-term hydrological records are compiled with the GeoStudio software to perform the transient coupled analysis. The conceptual model and the corresponding parameters applied in the model are based on a series of in-situ investigations and laboratory experiments. A seepage analysis is conducted, and the model is calibrated and verified using the field monitoring data in order to investigate the relationship between landslides and hydrogeology and to understand the influence of hydrogeological characteristics on landslides. In order to understand the stability of landslide sites under different rainfall characteristics, three types of deign rainfall conditions including different patterns, intensity and cumulative amount are introduced into the model. The design rainfalls are obtained based on the data of a rain gauge near the landslide site. The coupled stability analysis is then conducted to establish the relationship between the rainfall characteristics and the slope stability. The advanced rainfall pattern has the least influence on the factor of safety while the delayed rainfall pattern has the greatest influence. It can be concluded that the delayed rainfall pattern threatens the slope stability the most among all the rainfall patterns. As to the influence of the rainfall intensity, the factor of safety decreases as the rainfall intensity increases. When the rainfall intensity is more than a threshold value, apparent decrease in factor of safety is found. Most noticeably, the factor of safety yields a significant drop when the rainfall intensity reaches a certain high value, and the drop slows down when the intensity is over that high value. It shows that the influence of rainfall intensity on the slope stability has an upper limit. Finally, as to the influence of cumulative rainfall, the factor of safety linearly decreases with increasing cumulative rainfall, but the decreasing trend is not significant.
McLean, Amanda. "Landslide Risk Assessment using Digital Elevation Models." 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10222/13339.
Повний текст джерелаLIN, CHI-WEN, and 林琦雯. "Impact of Rainfall Characteristics on Landslide Assessment." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/40673841495690442535.
Повний текст джерела長榮大學
土地管理與開發學系碩士班
104
About two-thirds of Taiwan’s total area is covered by mountains and hills. Coupled with the global climate change, rainfall-induced landslides often occur and lead to human causalities and properties loss. Therefore, the assessment of rainfall-induced landslides is indeed an important task. The study areas in this research are the Tsengwen and Nanhua Dam watershed in the southern Taiwan. The FORMOSAT satellite images before and after the years 2009-2013 (including 7 typhoons and rainfall events) were acquired and used. The Genetic Adaptive Neural Network (GANN) was implemented in the analysis techniques for the interpretation of satellite images and to obtain surface information and hazard log data. The scope of the impact of different rainfall stations in the study area was estimated using Thiessen's Polygon Method to explore the characteristics of rainfall. The relationship between the pattern, amount, and duration of rainfall and location and scale of landslide was also explored. The results of image classification show that the average value of coefficient of agreement is 0.75 at medium-high level. The rainfall patterns are classified into 5 types using 72-hour rainfall duration for each rainfall station: pre-peak, central-peak, post-peak, twin-peak, and tri-peak. The results also show that when the accumulated rainfall is small, rainfall pattern affect the number and scale of landslides. When the accumulated rainfall is large, there is no correlation between rainfall patterns and landslides. Furthermore, regardless rainfall patterns most landslide sites occur in slope between 20˚ and 40˚. Pre-peak and central-peak rainfall-induced landslides sites occur in slope between 20˚ and 30˚. The other rainfall-induced landslides sites occur in slope between 30˚ and 40˚. Moreover, in the case of the same accumulated rainfall, the elevations of landslides induced by pre-peak and central-peak are much higher than those induced by the others.
Chang, Shuo-Fen, and 張碩芬. "Using Slope-Unit for Landslide Susceptibility Assessment." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/70140229484906370525.
Повний текст джерела國立中央大學
應用地質研究所
101
This study uses slope unit as mapping unit for landslide susceptibility assessment. The delineation of slope unit must consider topographic meaning. In the past, most of slope units applied to landslide susceptibility assessment were delineated by combining the watershed by DEM and the watershed by reverse DEM. Further editing and merging work is usually required and it needs much manual work. The process is times consuming, and containing too much subjective comment. This study follows Chien(2011) using an object-oriented analysis method to automatically generate slope unit. I have modified the processes of slope unit delineation and checked the slope unit quality by statistical methods. In the study area, Shihmen Reservoir catchment area, we first classified the flat area, and using sub-catchment for the former limits. Finally, I use slope aspect as an important component in the object-oriented analysis software, Definiens. According to the weight and the heterogeneity index of image layer, slope units are delineated. Then we calculated standard deviation of slope aspects and normal vectors in each slope unit. I choose two of sub-catchment in the study area for comparison and discussion. The result shows that the delineation methods of our study can get a better result. Then we use the slope unit for landslide susceptibility assessment. Standard deviation of elevation, steep slope ratio, wetness index, slope roughness, the maximum rainfall intensity, and total rainfall of Aere typhoon were adopted in a logistic regression analysis. Because slope units belonging to landslide group or non-landslide group had no conclusive judgment previously, so I will choose different landslide area ratio of slope unit to determine the slope units belong to which group. It reveals that a 5% landslide area ratio of slope unit is good for the threshold. The result shows success rate of the model is fairly good with an AUC of 0.786.
Huang, Shiau-Jen, and 黃筱真. "Risk Assessment of Landslide Disaster in Keelung City." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/8ed9py.
Повний текст джерела國立臺灣海洋大學
河海工程學系
102
In recent years, there was frequently climatic anomaly due to the influence of global climate change in Taiwan. During the typhoon event on August 31, 2013, the heavy rainfall with the intensity of 92 mm/hr was observed. This heavy rainfall induced landslide disasters such as the debris flow and rockfalls in Keelung city. In order to find out high risk areas of the landslide disaster, the study was initiated. In this study, we conducted the vulnerability analysis for the landslide disaster in Keelung. According to disaster potential maps of “Metropolitan area and the periphery of the slope environmental geology atlas data” made by the Central Geological Survey, Ministry of Economic Affairs, we built a quantitative method for the vulnerability of landslide disaster and evaluated the potential areas of landslide disaster in Keelung. We considered the strength of disaster, the spatial distribution and the element of risk and used the geographic information system (GIS) to analyze low, medium and high potential area. Therefore, we classified the vulnerability of building and personnel. Furthermore, we obtained the landslide disaster risk maps. In addition, this study also adopted an unsaturated numerical model for rainfall-induced regional shallow landslides to understand the shallow landslides on the study area in different rainfall events. This numerical model was developed based on the one-dimensional Richards equation. The numerical results could be used to assort the vulnerability of building and personnel and then obtain landslide disaster risk. The results of the study are expected to provide the authority for assisting the decision making of future disaster prevention. Keywords: Landslide disaster; Vulnerability; Richards equation; Rainfall; Shallow landslides
Huang, Kai-Wei, and 黃凱威. "Assessment of regional safety for Rainfall-Induce Landslide." Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/70958580999755946839.
Повний текст джерела國立暨南國際大學
土木工程學系
97
In this research region has the Taiwan 14 Guangdong fog road, the Guangdong fog road for the Renai Town foreign main road, is middle the Hengguangonglu main line, communicates Hualian and middle the important road section. However this road section actually because often the typhoon, the torrential rain, the earthquake and so on natural disaster creates the path interrupt as well as the personnel casualty, if can therefore when comes by the torrential rain, carries on the secure appraisal to the region, not can only provide the improvement work order of priority, can the effective region against even forecast that disaster's occurrence, serves the purpose which the disaster prevention reduces disaster. How therefore by carries on the wide range the landslide to dive the feeling analysis is this research main topic effectively reasonably. This article chooses in 2008 Xin Leke the typhoon is the analysis event, uses wide range side slope analysis software TRIGRS, advances together the parametric analysis, is carrying on the wide range landslide to dive the feeling analysis. In this research supposition each grid is independent, by the different grid glide depth, the subsoil water level, the rainfall carries on the analysis. And carries on the sole mesh parameter to analyze its result to demonstrate that the slope, the glide depth, the cohesive force will have the tremendous influence to TRIGRS. Therefore how does the reasonable choice need the parameter, is an important topic.
Yun-ChungTsang and 臧運忠. "Study on Rapid Safety Assessment of Landslide-Dam." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/94639014661281386547.
Повний текст джерела國立成功大學
水利及海洋工程學系碩博士班
101
Natural dams could be created by landslides, debris flows, or avalanches, etc. The material that composes the dam usually is loose and heterogeneious colluvial debris with low shear strength. When the material strength cannot resist the force of the river flow from upstream, the dam could fail. The dam failure can dramatically increase the river discharge and result in loss of life. According to previous research, the life of the natural dams has forty one percent of chance to last less than a week and eighty five percent of chance to last no longer than a year. Due to this short life, the authority office needs to evaluate the risk and prepare the corresponding response plan within a short period of time after a natural dam is formed. Therefore, this study develops a rapid safety assessment method for natural dams. The geometry of a natural dam is important information for assessment of the dam. However, the geometry is not easy to obtain due to remote location and extreme weather. This study collects world-wide natural dam cases to develop a database. Based on this database, a rapid assessment method for dam geometry is developed using statistical techniques. Only information needed for the assessment is the landslide area which can be rapidly obtained from remote sensing data which is not restricted by the location of the dam site and can provide critical information about the dam. Because the characteristic parameters of the dam material are not easy to be quantitatively identified, the stability of the dam is difficult to be evaluated. Instead of drilling core sampling and in-situ experiment for accurate parameter values, this study develops a rapid estimation method for these parameters using soil mechanism theory and empirical equations. To prepare needed data, a surface sampling hole and particle size distribution analysis are used. The proposed method can be a substitute method to rapidly provide critical parameters of dam material for stability analysis and dam failure simulation model after a natural is formed. To evaluate the stability of the natural dam correlated to seepage, a full scale simulation model is usually used. However, the parameter collection and full scale simulation model run need a period of time which may not meet the time requirement for emergency response at the early stage of a natural dam event. Therefore this study develops a concept of the critical stable seepage slope ( ) for evaluation of the dam stability considering the seepage. If the dam slope angle at the downstream direction ( ) is larger than the critical stable seepage slope ( ), the dam is considered as unstable. Because the seepage water surface reaches the foot of the dam, the seepage water flow would damage the dam foot and eventually cause failure of the dam. Otherwise, the dam is considered as stable. In addition to the mathematical model, this study also uses physical hydraulic model for experiments. Based on the experiment results, the difference between dam slope angle at the downstream direction ( ) and the critical stable seepage slope ( ) is used. Larger difference while 〉 indicates higher chance for dam failure. The failure type during the seepage damage is also studied. The results show that two parameters are important: the critical stable seepage slope ( ) and the original slope of river channel ( ). If 〉 , the failure type is sudden failure. Otherwise, the damage type is progressive failure in upstream direction.
Guzzetti, Fausto [Verfasser]. "Landslide hazard and risk assessment / vorgelegt von Fausto Guzzetti." 2006. http://d-nb.info/980716993/34.
Повний текст джерелаHONG, YI-JIA, and 洪藝家. "Assessment of Disaster Losses due to Rainfall-induced Landslide." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/40360287240966963879.
Повний текст джерела長榮大學
土地管理與開發學系碩士班
104
Taiwan’s plain development is increasingly saturated, slope land development become a future trend. However, landslides often occur due to extreme rainfall events and earthquakes, and then affect life and property safety. Therefore, assessment of landslide potential and disaster losses is an important part of disaster prevention. The research results also provide the government to develop anti-disaster countermeasures. The study area in this research is the Nanhua Dam watershed in the southern Taiwan. The satellite images before and after the 2009 Typhoon Morakot were acquired and used. Sample regions of roads, buildings, fruit trees, farmland, green cover, bare land, rivers, and waters were selected and the Genetic Adaptive Neural Network (GANN) was implemented in the analysis techniques for the interpretation of satellite images and to obtain surface information and hazard log data. The geographic information system combined with digital elevation model and rainfall data was employed to establish database of influencing factors of landslide. This study developed an evaluation module for landslide potential according to optimum seeking theory to predict landslide probability. Disaster losses in buildings, farmland, woodland, and transport and water conservancy land were estimated according to interpretation results, field investigation, and related information published by the government. The maps associated with the probability of landslide and prediction of disaster losses were plotted using the geographic information system. The results of image classification show that the values of coefficient of agreement are at medium-high level. The results show that weights of slope disturbance and effective accumulative rainfall are the highest, followed by weights of elevation, slope roughness, and slope. The correct rate of the model is 70%. Therefore, the proposed model can be applied in practice for subsequent disaster prevention, disaster insurance, and subsidy amount.
"The use of geographical information system (GIS) for inventory and assessment of natural landslides in Hong Kong." Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1995. http://library.cuhk.edu.hk/record=b5888435.
Повний текст джерелаThesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1995.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 170-178).
ABSTRACT --- p.i-iii
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS --- p.iv-v
TABLE OF CONTENTS --- p.vi-x
LIST OF FIGURES --- p.xi-xii -
LIST OF PLATES --- p.xiii-ix
LIST OF TABLES --- p.x-xii
Chapter CHAPTER I: --- INTRODUCTION --- p.1
Chapter 1.1 --- Introduction --- p.1
Chapter 1.2 --- Research Questions --- p.5
Chapter 1.3 --- Study Significance --- p.7
Chapter 1.4 --- Organization of the Thesis --- p.8
Chapter CHAPTER II: --- LITERATURE REVIEW --- p.10
Chapter 2.1 --- Introduction --- p.10
Chapter 2.2 --- Nature of Landslides --- p.10
Chapter 2.2.1 --- Landslide Classification --- p.10
Chapter 2.2.2 --- Morphometry of Landslides --- p.12
Chapter 2.2.3 --- Factors Affecting Landslide Occurrence --- p.16
Chapter 2.2.3.1 --- Gradient --- p.19
Chapter 2.2.3.2 --- Slope Shape --- p.21
Chapter 2.2.3.3 --- Aspect --- p.22
Chapter 2.2.3.4 --- Vegetation --- p.24
Chapter 2.2.3.5 --- Drainage --- p.26
Chapter 2.2.3.6 --- Precipitation/Seismicity --- p.26
Chapter 2.2.3.7 --- Lithology and Geological Influences --- p.28
Chapter 2.2.3.8 --- Regolith --- p.29
Chapter 2.2.3.8.1 --- Hydrological Properties of Soils --- p.29
Chapter 2.2.3.8.2 --- Engineering Properties of Soils --- p.30
Chapter 2.3 --- Data Sources for Landslide Studies --- p.31
Chapter 2.3.1 --- Aerial Photo Interpretation (API) --- p.32
Chapter 2.3.2 --- Remote Sensing --- p.34
Chapter 2.3.3 --- Field Survey --- p.35
Chapter 2.3.4 --- Subsurface Investigation --- p.36
Chapter 2.4 --- Landslide Studies in Hong Kong --- p.36
Chapter 2.5 --- Applications of GIS on Landslide Studies --- p.38
Chapter 2.5.1 --- Major Data in GIS for Landslide Studies --- p.39
Chapter 2.5.1.1 --- Triangulated Irregular Network (TIN) as a Representation of Surface --- p.39
Chapter 2.5.2 --- Applications --- p.42
Chapter 2.5.2.1 --- Inventory --- p.43
Chapter 2.5.2.2 --- Landslide Hazard Assessment --- p.43
Chapter 2.5.2.2.1 --- Statistical Modeling --- p.46
Chapter 2.5.2.2.2 --- Physical Processes or Three- Dimensional Modeling --- p.50
Chapter 2.6 --- Suggestions for Future Research Directions --- p.51
Chapter CHAPTER III: --- STUDY AREA --- p.54
Chapter 3.1 --- Location and Choice of Study Area --- p.54
Chapter 3.2 --- Climatic Aspects --- p.56
Chapter 3.3 --- Geological Aspects --- p.62
Chapter 3.3.1 --- General Information of GASP V --- p.62
Chapter 3.3.2 --- Rock Types Specific to the Two Sites Chosen --- p.63
Chapter 3.3.2.1 --- Volcanic Units - Repulse Bay Formation --- p.65
Chapter 3.3.2.2 --- Sedimentary Units - Port Island Formation (PI) --- p.65
Chapter 3.4 --- Geomorphological Aspects --- p.66
Chapter 3.4.1 --- General Information of GASP V --- p.66
Chapter 3.5 --- Erosion and Stability --- p.67
Chapter 3.6 --- Vegetation --- p.67
Chapter 3.7 --- Summary --- p.70
Chapter CHAPTER IV: --- DATABASE CONSTRUCTION AND MANIPULATION --- p.71
Chapter 4.1 --- Data Collection --- p.73
Chapter 4.1.1 --- Aerial Photo Interpretation (API) --- p.73
Chapter 4.1.1.1 --- Landslip Inventory --- p.75
Chapter 4.1.2 --- Field Techniques --- p.78
Chapter 4.1.2.1 --- Slope Failure/Deposit Field Survey sheet --- p.78
Chapter 4.1.2.2 --- Collection of Landslide Data --- p.79
Chapter 4.1.3 --- Collection of Existing Data --- p.80
Chapter 4.1.3.1 --- 1:5000 Topographic Maps --- p.80
Chapter 4.1.3.2 --- Terrain Classification --- p.81
Chapter 4.1.3.3 --- WWF Vegetation Database --- p.85
Chapter 4.2 --- Data Input and Conversion --- p.86
Chapter 4.2.1 --- Digitizing of Data --- p.87
Chapter 4.2.1.1 --- Landslip Capture in Stereocord --- p.87
Chapter 4.2.1.2 --- Data Conversion --- p.94
Chapter 4.2.1.2.1 --- Topographic Maps - Scanning and Vectorization --- p.94
Chapter 4.3 --- Data Editing --- p.94
Chapter 4.3.1 --- Line Cleaning for Landslide Coverage --- p.96
Chapter 4.3.2 --- Line Cleaning and Height Tagging for Topographic Map --- p.96
Chapter 4.3.3 --- Editing on Terrain Classification Map --- p.97
Chapter 4.4 --- Database Construction --- p.97
Chapter 4.4.1 --- Data Base Design --- p.97
Chapter 4.4.1.1 --- Graphical Data Base --- p.98
Chapter 4.4.1.2 --- Attribute Data Base --- p.99
Chapter 4.4.2 --- Creation of a Triangulated Irregular Network (TIN) --- p.104
Chapter 4.5 --- Data Preparation and Pre-analysis Manipulation --- p.105
Chapter 4.5.1 --- Extraction of Terrain Variables from TIN --- p.105
Chapter 4.5.1.1 --- TIN'S Derived Variable - Elevation --- p.105
Chapter 4.5.1.2 --- TIN'S Derived Variable - Gradient --- p.107
Chapter 4.5.1.3 --- TIN'S Derived Variable - Orientation --- p.109
Chapter 4.5.1.4 --- TIN's Derived Variable - Dimensions (surface distance) of Landslides --- p.109
Chapter 4.5.1.5 --- Micro-DEM and Profile --- p.109
Chapter 4.5.1.6 --- Weighting Method Adopted in Calculating the Gradient and Orientation of Primary Depletion Scar --- p.110
Chapter 4.5.2 --- Data Preprocessing --- p.110
Chapter 4.6 --- Summary --- p.114
Chapter CHAPTER V: --- STATISTICAL ANALYSIS OF LANDSLIDE DISTRIBUTION --- p.115
Chapter 5.1 --- Sampling --- p.116
Chapter 5.1.1 --- Sampling Frame --- p.116
Chapter 5.1.1.1 --- Simple Random Point Sampling --- p.117
Chapter 5.1.1.2 --- Stratified Random Point Sampling --- p.117
Chapter 5.2 --- Comparison of the Two Study Areas --- p.119
Chapter 5.3 --- Statistical Analyses of Landslip Variables --- p.123
Chapter 5.3.1 --- Gradient (TIN) and Elevation --- p.124
Chapter 5.3.2 --- "Aspect, Geological Materials, Gradient, Terrain Component, Erosion & Instability, and Vegetation" --- p.126
Chapter 5.3.2.1 --- Aspect --- p.127
Chapter 5.3.2.2 --- Geological Materials --- p.130
Chapter 5.3.2.3 --- Gradient --- p.132
Chapter 5.3.2.4 --- Terrain Component --- p.137
Chapter 5.3.2.5 --- Erosion and Instability --- p.140
Chapter 5.3.2.6 --- WWF Vegetation --- p.140
Chapter 5.3.3 --- Result of the Partial Model --- p.145
Chapter 5.4 --- Logistic Regression Model --- p.147
Chapter 5.4.1 --- Landslide Probability Mapping --- p.154
Chapter 5.4.2 --- Testing the Model Output --- p.157
Chapter 5.5 --- Summary --- p.161
Chapter CHAPTER VI: --- CONCLUSIONS --- p.162
Chapter 6.1 --- Summary of Findings --- p.162
Chapter 6.2 --- Limitations of the Study --- p.163
Chapter 6.3 --- Recommendations for Further Studies --- p.166
BIBLOGRAPHY --- p.167
APPENDICES
"APPENDIX I Draft 3.3 slope failure/deposit field survey sheet (King, 1994a)"
"APPENDIX II Landslide/deposit field description sheet (King, 1994b)"
"APPENDIX III Hourly rainfall (mm) record at N05 in September 26-27,1993 (Source: Special Projects Division, Geotechnical Engineering Office, Civil Engineering Department)"
"APPENDIX IV Hourly rainfall (mm) record at R23 in September 1993 (Source: Hydrometeorology Section, Royal Observatory, Hong Kong,1993)"
"APPENDIX V Hourly rainfall (mm) record at R31 in September 1993 (Source: Hydrometeorology Section, Royal Observatory, Hong Kong,1993)"
HUANG, JYUN-TAI, and 黃均臺. "Establish Susceptibility and Risk Assessment Models for Rainfall-induced Landslide." Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/m732zu.
Повний текст джерела逢甲大學
水利工程與資源保育學系
105
Most of the landslide cases in Taiwan were triggered by rainfall or earthquake events. The heavy rainfall in the typhoon seasons, from June to October, causes the landslide hazard more serious. Renai Township is the most of large landslide cases after 2009 Typhoon Morakot (from Aug. 5 to Aug. 10, 2009) in Taiwan. Around 2,744 landslide cases with the total landslide area of 21.5 km2 (landslide ratio =1.8%), including 26 large landslide cases, induced after 2009 Typhoon Morakot in Renai Township. Three methods, including frequency ratio method (abbreviated as FR), weight of evidence method (abbreviated as WOE), and logistic regression method (abbreviated as LR), are used in this study to establish the landslide susceptibility in the Renai Township, Nantou County, Taiwan. Eight landslide related-factors, including elevation, slope, aspect, geology, land use, distance to drainage, distance to fault, accumulated rainfall during 2009 Typhoon Morakot, are used to establish the landslide susceptibility models in this study. The range of original susceptibility values established by three methods are 4.0 to 20.9 for FR, -33.8 to -16.1 for WOE, and 0 to 1 for LR, and the mean landslide susceptibility value are 8.0, -24.6 and 0.38, respectively. The AUC values are 0.815 for FR, 0.816 for WOE, and 0.823 for LR. And the correct ratio is 65.5% for FR, 61.9% for WOE, 74.5% for LR. The study adopted 14 rainfall stations with more than 20 years rainfall data in Renai Township to estimate the 24-hours duration rainfall with different RPYs. Landslide susceptibility map under 24-hours duration rainfall distribution with different RPYs is used to estimate the landslide disaster location and scale. The landslide risk under different RPYs in Renai Township is calculated as 0.45 billion for 5 RPYs, 0.55 billion for 10 RPYs, 0.77 billion for 25 RPYs, 0.12 billion for 50 RPYs, 2.40 billion for 100 RPYs, and 3.87 billion for 200 RPYs, respectively.
Wu, Cheng-Fang, and 吳政芳. "Assessment on Land Development Suitability in Landslide Disaster Potential Area." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/06838761063729704991.
Повний текст джерела長榮大學
土地管理與開發學系碩士班
99
In recent years, the vulnerable area with low economical value has been considered to develop due to the population growing pressure in urban area and the development of technology and economy. In general, natural environmental characteristics and potential and limitation of development must be considered in the sloping land use. In this research, the land development suitability in Fonglin of Hualien was evaluated. Most of land in eastern Taiwan is hillside. After typhoons, rainstorms and earthquakes, large-scale sediment disasters such as landslides, debris flow, etc., threaten lives and properties of local residents. Geographic information system was employed to establish environmental and essential map database. Some affecting factors of sloping land development suitability were selected and correlation matrix was used to explore the potential and limitation of the development in research area. Finally, the development suitability in research area was configured according to the evaluated levels of potential and limitation of the development. The sloping land development suitability was classified to three levels by using criteria for the analysis of the land development suitability. Then, with corresponding ordinances, current land use and transportation situation, the classification of land development suitability was proposed. The area with high land development suitability is mainly distributed in urban planning district, the western half of the research area. The area with medium-high land development suitability scatters in the research area and around the urban planning district. The area with medium-low land development suitability occupies the most part of the research area. The rest area with low land development suitability is not supposed to be developed. The time saving level classification in sloping land development process constructed in this research can be applied in practice as a guide before real land development.
Tsai, Pei-Shan, and 蔡培珊. "Landslide Susceptibility and Conservation Benefit Assessment for Chi-Sun watershed." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/72146439752574861895.
Повний текст джерела國立中興大學
水土保持學系所
103
In this study a multivariate analysis method, Logistic regression, was used for landslide susceptibility analysis of Chi-Sun watershed. After the extraction and selection of environmental factors, the elevation, slope, terrain roughness, slope roughness, NDVI, wentness index, and accumulated rainfall were selected as causal factors of initiating landslides. By inspecting the distributions of landslides resulted from Typhoon Morakot, it is found that the landslides are located in medium-high and high susceptibility area of the midstream and upstream watershed. And the overall accuracy in this event is 72.4%. The predicted susceptibility values show a good agreement with the observed landslides. It indicates that the model and factors used in this model are valid and the simulation results match the Typhoon Morakot event. In addition, the information on the past NDVI values obtained by the analysis of SPOT-4 images suggests a good vegetation recovery in the watershed landslides except the midstream and upstream areas. Therefore, this study focuses on providing suitable conservation and planning strategies around the small catchment of midstream watershed. Landslide hazardous areas are analyzed and mapped resulting from vegetation recovery for different situations. The result is that vegetation recovery to landslide susceptibility values greater impact in the study area when the return period from 50 to 100 years.
Chiu, Hui-Ching, and 邱惠靖. "The Assessment Model of Fluidizing Landslide Slope in the Catchment." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/20459744171178525013.
Повний текст джерела國立屏東科技大學
水土保持系所
103
The assessment model of fluidizing landslide was developed in this study since the debris flow was frequently related to the fluidized landslides from gullies or slopes in the catchment. Three debris flow streams which occurred in Typhoon Morakot in Kaoping river basin were studied to develop the assessment model. The process of the analysis unit delineation has established based on the micro topography through the tool of GIS, aero photos, the DEM of morphology, and the field verification. The criterion, the basin area larger than 1.5 hectares with the same outlet of a zero-order basin or slope, was applied to the delineation of analysis unit. A total of 198 analysis units were achieved from three debris flow catchments. Eight factors, including A,B, and C, of discriminant model on fluidizing landslide developed by Yang (2014) was selected in this study. Assessed by discriminant model, three catchments have achieved with 50 potential fluidizing landslide units and 148 slope units. Verified with the 21 real fluidized landslide and 40 general landslide events occurred within three catchments in Typhoon Maroka, the good match rate of 82% was achieved. Three verification catchment, one debris flow event and two no debris flow events, have been also conducted through the same delineation procedure to explore the relationship between the among of potential fluidizing landslides to the occurrence of debris flow of a catchment. After total of 6 catchments study, 4 occurred and 2 did not occurred, found that the high occurrence probability to the catchment as the area ratio of potential fluidizing landslide larger than 30%.
El-Fengour, Abdelhak. "Landslide susceptibility assessment in the Amzaz Valley, Central Rif, Morocco." Master's thesis, 2016. https://repositorio-aberto.up.pt/handle/10216/84379.
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