Статті в журналах: "Land use Victoria Planning"

1

BOON, S., and J. R. DODSON. "Environmental response to land use at Lake Curlip, East Gippsland, Victoria." Australian Geographical Studies 30, no. 2 (October 1992): 206–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8470.1992.tb00742.x.

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Katusiime, Juliet, Brigitta Schütt, and Noah Mutai. "The relationship of land tenure, land use and land cover changes in Lake Victoria basin." Land Use Policy 126 (March 2023): 106542. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.landusepol.2023.106542.

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3

Buxton, Michael, and Robin Goodman. "The impact of planning ‘reform’ on the Victorian land use planning system." Australian Planner 51, no. 2 (March 18, 2014): 132–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07293682.2014.892866.

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4

Onyango, Dancan Otieno, Christopher O. Ikporukpo, John O. Taiwo, and Stephen B. Opiyo. "Land Use and Land Cover Change as an Indicator of Watershed Urban Development in the Kenyan Lake Victoria Basin." International Journal of Sustainable Development and Planning 16, no. 2 (April 23, 2021): 335–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.18280/ijsdp.160213.

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The socio-economic and ecological value of Lake Victoria is threatened by significant regional development and urbanization. This study analyzed spatial-temporal land use/land cover changes in the Kenyan Lake Victoria basin from 1978–2018 using Landsat 3, 4-5 and 8 imagery, with a view to identifying the extent and potential impacts of urbanization on the basin. Supervised image classification was undertaken following the Maximum Likelihood algorithm to generate land use/land cover maps at ten-year intervals. Results indicate that the basin is characterized by six main land use/land cover classes namely, agricultural land, water bodies, grasslands and vegetation, bare land, forests and built-up areas. Further, the results indicate that the basin has experienced net increases in built-up areas (+97.56%), forests (+17.30%) and agricultural land (+3.54%) over the last 40 years. During the same period, it experienced net losses in grassland and vegetation (-37.36%), bare land (-9.28%) and water bodies (-2.19%). Generally, the changing landscapes in the basin are characterized by conversion of natural environments to built-up environments and driven by human activities, urban populations and public policy decisions. The study therefore recommends the establishment of a land use system that creates a balance between the ecological realm and sustainable development.

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Kiggundu, Nicholas, Listowel Abugri Anaba, Noble Banadda, Joshua Wanyama, and Isa Kabenge. "Assessing Land Use and Land Cover Changes in the Murchison Bay Catchment of Lake Victoria Basin in Uganda." Journal of Sustainable Development 11, no. 1 (January 30, 2018): 44. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jsd.v11n1p44.

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The Murchison Bay catchment in the northern shoreline of Lake Victoria basin is a high valued ecosystem because of the numerous human-related activities it supports in Uganda. The catchment has undergone tremendous human-induced land use/cover changes, which have not been quantified. This study aimed at quantifying the land use/cover changes as well as the rate at which these changes occurred over the last three decades in the catchment. This was achieved using remote sensing techniques and Geographic Information System (GIS) to analyse and contextualize the changes. To that effect, images of Landsat satellites MSS, TM, ETM+ and OLI were interpreted using supervised image classification technique to determine the land use/land cover changes from 1984 to 2015. The obtained results indicated that the catchment has undergone huge land use and land cover transformations over the last three decades attributable to rapid population growth and urbanization. The prevailing changes in footprint between 1984 and 2015 were expansions of built–up land (20.58% to 49.59%) and open water bodies (not detected in 1984 to 1.74%), and decreases in the following sectors: agricultural lands (from 43.88% to 26.10%), forestland (from 23.78% to 17.49%), and wetlands (from 11.76% to 5.08%). The changes pose a threat to the environment and water quality of the Murchison Bay and consequently increases National Water and Sewerage Corporation water treatment costs. Therefore, there is the need to take critical and practical measures to regulate and police land use, water use rights and conserve the environment especially wetlands.

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Onyango, Dancan O., Christopher O. Ikporukpo, John O. Taiwo, and Stephen B. Opiyo. "Monitoring the extent and impacts of watershed urban development in the Lake Victoria Basin, Kenya, using a combination of population dynamics, remote sensing and GIS techniques." Environmental & Socio-economic Studies 9, no. 2 (June 1, 2021): 11–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/environ-2021-0007.

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Abstract Several urban centres of different sizes have developed over time, and continue to grow, within the basin of Lake Victoria. Uncontrolled urban development, especially along the lake shore, puts environmental pressure on Lake Victoria and its local ecosystem. This study sought to monitor the extent and impacts of urban development (as measured by population growth and built-up land use/land cover) in the Lake Victoria basin, Kenya, between 1978 and 2018. Remote sensing and GIS-based land use/land cover classification was conducted to extract change in built-up areas from Landsat 3, 4, 5 and 8 satellite imagery obtained for the month of January at intervals of ten years. Change in population distribution and density was analysed based on decadal census data from the Kenya National Bureau of Statistics between 1979 and 2019. A statistical regression model was then estimated to relate population growth to built-up area expansion. Results indicate that the basin’s built-up area has expanded by 97% between 1978 and 2018 while the population increased by 140% between 1979 and 2019. Urban development was attributed to the rapidly increasing population in the area as seen in a positive statistical correlation (R2=0.5744) between increase in built-up area and population growth. The resulting environmental pressure on the local ecosystem has been documented mainly in terms of degradation of lake water quality, eutrophication and aquatic biodiversity loss. The study recommends the enactment and implementation of appropriate eco-sensitive local legislation and policies for sustainable urban and rural land use planning in the area. This should aim to control and regulate urban expansion especially in the immediate shoreline areas of the lake and associated riparian zones.

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7

Allan, Ian, and Jim Peterson. "Spatial Modelling in Decision Support for Land-Use Planning: a Demonstration from the Lal Lal Catchment, Victoria, Australia." Australian Geographical Studies 40, no. 1 (March 2002): 84–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1467-8470.00163.

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8

Chisholm, Stewart. "The growing role of citizen engagement in urban naturalization: The case of Canada." Ekistics and The New Habitat 71, no. 424-426 (June 1, 2004): 35–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.53910/26531313-e200471424-426219.

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The author (MA, MCIP, RPP) co-manages Evergreen's Common Grounds program which focuses on the protection and restoration of public lands in urban areas. He has a Master's degree in urban planning from the University of Waterloo, a Bachelor's Degree in resource geography from the University of Victoria , and he is a full member of the Canadian Institute of Planners. Over the past five years, he has developed urban greening resources for land use professionals and community groups including a national grant program, guidebooks, research reports, municipal policy guidelines and case studies. He has also developed and led professional training workshops for public land managers and other municipal officials on partnership approaches for protecting and stewarding urban green spaces. Prior to joining Evergreen, Stewart worked in the private and public sectors leading a variety of land-use planning, environmental assessment and resource conservation projects. Mr Chisholm has written journal articles and presented papers at national and international conferences including the Canadian Institute of Planners (2002) and the Society for Ecological Restoration (2001). The paper that follows is based on a presentation that he gave at the international symposion on "The Natural City," Toronto, 23-25 June, 2004, sponsored by the University of Toronto's Division of the Environment, Institute for Environmental Studies, and the World Society for Ekistics.

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9

Coffey, Brian, James A. Fitzsimons, and Ryan Gormly. "Strategic public land use assessment and planning in Victoria, Australia: Four decades of trailblazing but where to from here?" Land Use Policy 28, no. 1 (January 2011): 306–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.landusepol.2010.06.011.

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10

Zafari, Najibullah, Ashok Sharma, Dimuth Navaratna, Varuni M. Jayasooriya, Craig McTaggart, and Shobha Muthukumaran. "A Comparative Evaluation of Conceptual Rainfall–Runoff Models for a Catchment in Victoria Australia Using eWater Source." Water 14, no. 16 (August 16, 2022): 2523. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w14162523.

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Hydrological modelling at a catchment scale was conducted to investigate the impact of climate change and land-use change individually and in combination with the available streamflow in the Painkalac catchment using an eWater Source hydrological model. This study compares the performance of three inbuilt conceptual models within eWater Source, such as the Australian water balance model (AWBM), Sacramento and GR4J for streamflow simulation. The three-model performance was predicted by bivariate statistics (Nash–Sutcliff efficiency) and univariate (mean, standard deviation) to evaluate the efficiency of model runoff predictions. Potential evapotranspiration (PET) data, daily rainfall data and observed streamflow measured from this catchment are the major inputs to these models. These models were calibrated and validated using eight objective functions while further comparisons of these models were made using objective functions of a Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency (NSE) log daily and an NSE log daily bias penalty. The observed streamflow data were split into three sections. Two-thirds of the data were used for calibration while the remaining one-third of the data was used for validation of the model. Based on the results, it was observed that the performance of the GR4J model is more suitable for the Painkalac catchment in respect of prediction and computational efficiency compared to the Sacramento and AWBM models. Further, the impact of climate change, land-use change and combined scenarios (land-use and climate change) were evaluated using the GR4J model. The results of this study suggest that the higher climate change for the year 2065 will result in approximately 45.67% less streamflow in the reservoir. In addition, the land-use change resulted in approximately 42.26% less flow while combined land-use and higher climate change will produce 48.06% less streamflow compared to the observed flow under the existing conditions.

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11

Ernest, Siwa, Martine Hagai, and Japhet J. Kasahigili. "Water and Pasture Availability on Livestock Routes Under a Changing Climate: A Case of Ilemela and Magu Districts in Tanzania." JOURNAL OF THE GEOGRAPHICAL ASSOCIATION OF TANZANIA 36, no. 2 (July 10, 2021): 35–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.56279/jgat.v36i2.146.

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The beef cattle production system practiced in the Lake Victoria Basin ismainly extensive, which involves cattle grazing on natural pastures. Thissystem is characterized by overgrazing, low livestock production and soildegradation. Under the effects of global climate change, these pastoralmanagement challenges are expected to increase. As the impacts of climatechange to beef cattle production over the Lake Victoria Basin is unknown,this study used participatory mapping method and focus group discussions toassess spatial changes in livestock routes in relation to water and pastureavailability in the Ilemela and Magu districts of the Mwanza region, Tanzania. GIS technology was used for the formalization of spatial layers. It was revealed that there were many changes in livestock routes such that some have become roads, some have been lost, and others narrowed. These changes were due to an increase in settlements and cultivated areas, and more specifically a general decline of water sources and grazing land. This implies that appropriate strategies such as a land-use planning, stock routings modification, education on effective cattle farming, and intervention by rainwater harvesting should be designed so as to adapt to climate change effects, and improve livestock production in Ilemela and Magu districts

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12

Keneley, Monica. "Closer settlement in the Western District of Victoria: a case study in Australian land use policy, 1898–1914." Journal of Historical Geography 28, no. 3 (July 2002): 363–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/jhge.2002.0458.

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13

Williams, Y. J., S. McDonald, and S. J. Chaplin. "The changing nature of dairy production in Victoria, Australia: are we ready to handle the planning and development of large, intensive dairy operations?" Animal Production Science 60, no. 4 (2020): 473. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/an18476.

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Around the world, dairy production continues to intensify, with farmers increasing stocking rates, feeding more supplements, and transitioning into fully housed systems. Dairy production in Victoria is no exception and farmers are starting a move towards intensive (i.e. permanently housed) dairy operations. Challenges associated with these transformations have included difficulties, or failure, to obtain planning approval and public concern around the effect of intensive developments on environmental degradation, animal welfare and industry image. We examined current land-use planning provisions, environmental requirements, animal-welfare regulations, industry guidelines and codes of practice for their applicability and suitability to the implementation of intensive dairy-production operations, particularly large-scale ones, in Victoria, Australia. Our aim was to clearly identify factors that have the potential to hinder the growth and expansion of existing dairy-production systems into intensive operations, and the establishment of new intensive dairy enterprises. The majority of legislation examined posed no obstacles to the development of large-scale intensive dairy operations. New definitions for intensive livestock production and the inclusion of an intensive dairy-farm category in the State planning provisions will reduce current confusion across and within planning departments. A standard methodology to determine separation distances is required and a code for intensive dairy farming would greatly assist with the planning-approval process. Many advisory publications fall short when applied to intensive dairy operations as they are currently written for pasture-based farms with limited infrastructure for regularly feeding or housing large herds of >700 cows.

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14

Williams, B., J. Walker, and J. Anderson. "Spatial variability of regolith leaching and salinity in relation to Whole Farm Planning." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 46, no. 10 (2006): 1271. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea04110.

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An electromagnetic induction (EM31) survey was carried out on a 700-ha property in the western basalt plains of Victoria. The apparent electrical conductivity (ECa) was interpreted in terms of the inferred salt content and, hence, the degree of leaching or recharge through the upper 5 m of the regolith. The focus of the survey was to determine the spatial variability of ECa across a landscape of low relief which included salt lakes. The area mapped is subject to regional groundwater discharge. All parts of the property exhibited hydrological ‘sinks’ and ‘trenches’ of relatively low ECa values, interpreted as areas of preferential recharge or leaching through the regolith. They ranged in size from 200 to 500 m in diameter and/or length and were not related to relief. This apparent hydrological ‘holeyness’ of the upper regolith suggests local recharge into the regional groundwater system. This finding has important implications for Whole Farm Planning and Environmental Management Strategies as local recharge can be reduced by manipulating ground cover and land-use practices. Both the mean and standard deviation of ECa values across the property provide a rational basis for planning land management practices. The location of hydrological ‘holes’ can be built in as significant layers in Whole Farm Plans to minimise water entering the water table and/or salt lakes.

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Saeidian, B., A. Rajabifard, B. Atazadeh, and M. Kalantari. "EXTENDING CITYGML 3.0 TO SUPPORT 3D UNDERGROUND LAND ADMINISTRATION." International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLVIII-4/W4-2022 (October 14, 2022): 125–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlviii-4-w4-2022-125-2022.

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Abstract. Rapid development of underground space necessitates the efficient management of underground areas. Data modelling plays an underpinning role in integrating and managing underground physical and legal data. The physical data refers to semantic and spatial data of underground assets such as utilities, tunnels, and basements, while the legal data comprises the ownership information and the extent of underground legal spaces and the semantic and spatial relationships between legal spaces. Current Underground Land Administration (ULA) practices mainly focus on representing only either legal spaces or the physical reality of subsurface objects using fragmented and isolated 2D drawings, leading to ineffective ULA. A complete and accurate 3D representation of underground legal spaces integrated with the 3D model of their physical counterparts can support different use cases of ULA beyond underground land registration, such as planning, design and construction of underground assets (e.g. tunnels and train stations), utility management and excavation. CityGML is a prominent semantic data model to represent 3D urban objects at a city scale, making it a good choice for underground because underground assets such as tunnels and utilities are often modelled at city scales. However, CityGML, in its current version, does not support legal information. This research aims to develop an Application Domain Extension (ADE) for CityGML to support 3D ULA based on the requirements defined in the Victorian state of Australia. These requirements include primary underground parcels and secondary underground interests. This work extends CityGML 3.0, which is the new version of this model. In CityGML 3.0, UML conceptual models as platform-independent models are suggested to express ADEs. Thus, the ADE proposed in this study will be based on UML. The findings of this study show that extending CityGML to support legal information can be a viable solution to meet the requirements of a 3D integrated model for ULA. The CityGML ADE proposed in this study can potentially provide a new solution for 3D digital management of underground ownership rights in Victoria, and it can be used to implement an integrated 3D digital data environment for ULA.

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Katusiime, Juliet, and Brigitta Schütt. "Towards Legislation Responsive to Integrated Watershed Management Approaches and Land Tenure." Sustainability 15, no. 3 (January 25, 2023): 2221. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su15032221.

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Land tenure affects integrated watershed management approaches in various ways, such as influencing land use and investment in sustainability practices and decisions. However, some land tenure and integrated watershed management relations need more examination, including how the prevailing relevant legislation responds and the needed course of action. In this paper, we provide relevant evidence to support a shift to responsive actions and legislation through (a) examining land tenure scenarios affecting integrated watershed management, including the public–private land tenure co-existence from a watershed perspective; (b) the responsiveness of the prevailing relevant legislation to integrated watershed management and the land tenure scenarios and (c) identifying legislative remedies recommendable for responsiveness. We use qualitative methods to review secondary data sources, including four legislations, and complement them with field survey data. Field experiences are from three sub-catchments in the Lake Victoria basin, each representing a different land tenure system, as case studies. Land tenure links with integrated watershed management in various ways, such as influencing land use decisions. However, underscoring the relationship from the private and public land tenure perspective also indicates a complex and tense spatial relationship. As such, it likely limits adopting sustainable land use and management practices in watersheds as a case. Regardless, the perceptions from the study area indicate the land tenure systems and forms enabling sustainable choices and decisions, despite limitations such as tenure insecurity. The disconnect between integrated watershed management aspirations of ensuring sustainability, the land tenure abilities and the subsequent human practices is mainly institutional, with the relevant legislation indicating a low to moderate level of responsiveness to integrated watershed management approaches and land tenure, thus, abating effectiveness. Therefore, we suggest a shift towards responsive programming and legislation and the adoption of model legislation to support responsiveness replication. We also recommend further studies to assess the legal gaps and feasibility thereof.

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17

Holland, Mark, Alan March, Jun Yu, and Adam Jenkins. "Land Use Planning and Bushfire Risk: CFA Referrals and the February 2009 Victorian Fire Area." Urban Policy and Research 31, no. 1 (March 2013): 41–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08111146.2012.736255.

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18

Papale, Maria, Angelina Lo Giudice, Alessandro Ciro Rappazzo, Maurizio Azzaro, and Carmen Rizzo. "A First Glimpse on Cold-Adapted PCB-Oxidizing Bacteria in Edmonson Point Lakes (Northern Victoria Land, Antarctica)." Water 14, no. 1 (January 5, 2022): 109. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w14010109.

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Antarctic freshwater ecosystems are especially vulnerable to human impacts. Polychlorobiphenyls (PCBs) are persistent organic pollutants that have a long lifetime in the environment. Despite their use having either been phased out or restricted, they are still found in nature, also in remote areas. Once in the environment, the fate of PCBs is strictly linked to bacteria which represent the first step in the transfer of toxic compounds to higher trophic levels. Data on PCB-oxidizing bacteria from polar areas are still scarce and fragmented. In this study, the occurrence of PCB-oxidizing cold-adapted bacteria was evaluated in water and sediment of four coastal lakes at Edmonson Point (Northern Victoria Land, Antarctica). After enrichment with biphenyl, 192 isolates were obtained with 57 of them that were able to grow in the presence of the PCB mixture Aroclor 1242, as the sole carbon source. The catabolic gene bphA, as a proxy for PCB degradation potential, was harbored by 37 isolates (out of 57), mainly affiliated to the genera Salinibacterium, Arthrobacter (among Actinobacteria) and Pusillimonas (among Betaproteobacteria). Obtained results enlarge our current knowledge on cold-adapted PCB-oxidizing bacteria and pose the basis for their potential application as a valuable eco-friendly tool for the recovery of PCB-contaminated cold sites.

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19

Henderson, Steven R. "Agricultural Adaptation to Real Regulation on the Urban Fringe: The Chicken Meat Industry's Response to Land-use Conflict in the Western Port Region of Victoria, Australia." Australian Geographical Studies 41, no. 2 (July 2003): 156–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1467-8470.00202.

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20

Aouad, Andrew, Randall Taylor, Neil Millar, Robert Meagher, and Deidre Brooks. "Seismic on the edge—the Speculant 3D Transition Zone Seismic Survey." APPEA Journal 52, no. 1 (2012): 327. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj11025.

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The Speculant 3D Transition Zone (TZ) Seismic Survey was acquired by Origin Energy in the Otway Basin, about 30 km east of Warrnambool, Victoria, during November and December 2010. The objective of the survey was to fill a data gap between existing marine and land 3D seismic surveys. Although the survey covered a small surface area, it included part of the Bay of Islands Coastal Park, dairy farms, southern rock lobster fishing grounds and the migration route for the Southern Right Whale. Numerous exclusion zones were required to address a variety of stakeholder concerns, avoid environmentally sensitive areas, combat a physical landscape dominated by 60 m sea cliffs and the large Southern Ocean surf. These access restrictions required the innovative use of modern seismic technology to enable a survey that could simultaneously record onshore and offshore without a physical connection between recording systems. On land a GSR cable-free recording system was used for the first time in Australia, eliminating the need for any line preparation or vegetation clearing. Offshore an ocean bottom cable system was used. The survey employed smaller sources than traditionally used in the region. A 900 in3 generator–injector airgun array was used offshore while a single Vibroseis unit was used on land. This paper shares the lessons learnt during the planning, approval and acquisition of the Speculant Seismic Survey with the steps taken to reduce the operation’s footprint while maintaining data quality.

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Leshinsky, Rebecca, and Clare M. Mouat. "Towards better recognising ‘community’ in multi-owned property law and living." International Journal of Housing Markets and Analysis 8, no. 4 (October 5, 2015): 484–501. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijhma-07-2015-0031.

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Purpose – This paper aims to advance best practice by gaining insights into key multi-owned property (MOP) issues challenging policymakers and communities. Ontario (Canada) and Victoria (Australia) are internationally recognised for best practice in MOP living and law. Yet, both jurisdictions struggle with the emerging urbanism related to condominium MOP. Design/methodology/approach – Different ways of recognising community in MOP urbanism will be examined against public policy and political theory perspectives promoting social sustainability. A rich mixed-data and content analysis method is relied upon which synthesises three pillars of MOP community governance: harmonious high-rise living; residential-neighbourhood interface; and metropolitan community engagement. The article cross-examines Canadian policy and law reform documents and Australian dispute case law from the state of Victoria to explore and showcase critical MOP management, residential and policy issues. Findings – A theory-building typology formally recognises “community” as an affective performance across MOP governance contexts: cosmopolitan, civic-citizen and neighbourly. These ideal types differentiate community affects in and beyond (case) law and land-use planning: from determining alternative dispute resolution remedies; addressing neighbourhood and metropolitan NIMBY-ism in urban consolidation to bridging the critical policy and civic gap between the limits and aims of socially sustainable MOP vertical-tenured community affects. Research limitations/implications – Strong cross-jurisdictional MOP community lessons exist, as other cities follow best practice in legal and governance structures to effect change at the frontiers of twenty-first century urbanism. Originality/value – Past studies emphasise classifying dispute issues, single-issue concerns or historical and life cycle evaluations. This theory-building article advances why and how community must be better understood holistically across community contexts to inform cutting-edge governance practices.

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Higgins, Andrew, Stuart Whitten, Alen Slijepcevic, Liam Fogarty, and Luis Laredo. "An optimisation modelling approach to seasonal resource allocation for planned burning." International Journal of Wildland Fire 20, no. 2 (2011): 175. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wf09103.

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Burning of fine fuels is a crucial activity in Australia as part of reducing the severity of bushfires. Seasonal planning of such planned burning is a very complex task owing to the large number of practical considerations and uncertainty of burn conditions, as well as personnel and equipment resource constraints. Practical considerations include the small number of suitable burn days for different types of burns, as well as different fuel hazard and burn types. This requires careful management of very high resource requirements during the available days. We developed a tool that will use all of the above variables to estimate the resource requirements for different levels of planned burning program. We provide a mathematical programming approach to help plan burning crews and equipment resource requirements in each district by month to minimise likely personnel requirements, under seasonal uncertainty. A key feature is that it accommodates maximum daily resource demands given uncertainty in available burn days and overlap between geographical districts. We implemented the model on a real-world problem of public land across Victoria, and solved it to optimality using GAMS/Cplex 9.

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Herron, Murray, David S. Jones, Phillip B. Roös, and Zaheer Allam. "Creating Revenue Out Of Green Waste: New Perspectives For Municipal Organic Waste Harvesting In Geelong, Australia." GEOGRAPHY, ENVIRONMENT, SUSTAINABILITY 14, no. 1 (April 5, 2021): 91–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.24057/2071-9388-2020-182.

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The diversion and recovery of organic waste are one of the most significant opportunities and challenges for reducing the environmental impacts of waste disposal internationally, as recognised by the United Nations’ SDG 12 that seeks to “ensure sustainable consumption and production patterns”. This issue is particularly pertinent to developed countries, like Australia, who have a high propensity for waste removal arising from their industrial and domestic use of products, materials and organic consumables. Through the use of GIS technology, using modelling software developed by the Global Methane Initiative, a series of simulations were undertaken to determine the viability of an anaerobic digester for the City of Greater Geelong (COGG), located in the State of Victoria (Australia), where organic materials constitute over 25% of all waste land-filled. Using only municipal organic waste, the modelling concluded that the COGG would generate between AU$6M-AU$11M/annum from the sale of biogas/methane. In addition to this revenue stream, COGG would have an Annual Projected Net Emissions Reductions of 3797 Mt. This paper further considers the development of a geospatial database to identify and locate concentrated organic waste resources in COGG, the design and development of a software tool to help quantify the production of food waste, and the development of an economic model to value the organic waste stream of COGG arising from the implementation of this proposal.

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Ouedraogo, Issoufou, Arthur Girard, Marnik Vanclooster, and François Jonard. "Modelling the Temporal Dynamics of Groundwater Pollution Risks at the African Scale." Water 12, no. 5 (May 15, 2020): 1406. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w12051406.

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Groundwater pollution risk modelling is an important asset to improve groundwater management and protection. In this study, we assess the temporal dynamics of groundwater pollution risk at the continental scale, using the DRASTIC model. The approach was developed using continental-scale data on soil properties, topography, land use, geology, hydrogeology, and climate with a resolution of 15 × 15 km2. We compared continental-scale groundwater pollution risk for the years 1990, 2000, and 2010. The results showed significant inter-annual variations of the spatial distribution of pollution risk. Changes were mainly concentrated in the area of the Nile Delta, around the Lake Victoria, in North Africa, and in coastal West Africa (predominately in Nigeria). We found that the increase in pollution risk was mainly related to the increase in the population density in these regions. The proposed methodology for modelling the temporal dynamics of groundwater pollution risk could support the monitoring of the Sustainable Development Goal 6, which focus in particular on the preservation of the freshwater resources against future threats.

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Fitzpatrick, R. W., J. W. Cox, B. Munday, and J. F. Bourne. "Development of soil-landscape and vegetation indicators for managing waterlogged and saline catchments." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 43, no. 3 (2003): 245. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea00198.

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The objectives of this study were to develop a systematic approach to identify important soil morphological and vegetation field indicators to better target land management in degraded landscapes in a specific region. The authors were able to link the soil-landscape features to the main soil and water processes operating within the landscape. This information was used to develop a set of field indicators (e.g. soil colour) within a user-friendly soil classification key that is linked to land use options to form the basis of a manual. It was shown that information written in this format helped farmers and regional advisers to identify options for remediation of waterlogged and saline areas and to improve planning at property and catchment scales. The authors identified a series of steps to be taken in producing the manual. Steps 1–5 describe the soil layers and construct them in toposequences, which are then used to map soil types in key surrounding areas. Steps 6–9 involve the local community in developing the manual.The paper provides an account of how manuals have been produced for 2 badly degraded areas in southern Australia (Mount Lofty Ranges, South Australia; and western Victoria) and promotes the methodologies for other regions. Descriptive soil information is pictorially integrated along toposequences and applied to identify key soil features. Complex scientific processes and terminology are more simply communicated to local groups using coloured cross-sectional diagrams and photographs of soil and vegetation to overcome some of the perceived barriers to adoption of best management practices. We consider the approach should have generic application.

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Armstrong, D. P., K. A. Tarrant, C. K. M. Ho, L. R. Malcolm, and W. J. Wales. "Evaluating development options for a rain-fed dairy farm in Gippsland." Animal Production Science 50, no. 6 (2010): 363. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/an10009.

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A case study and modelling approach was used to examine options for a dairy farm in the high rainfall area of Gippsland (southern Victoria) that would enable it to maintain or increase profit in the future (next 5–10 years) in the face of a continuing ‘cost-price squeeze’. The economic performance of the business under a range of development options, identified by an ‘expert panel’, was analysed for a planning period of 10 years. The options analysed were: (i) increased herd size without purchasing more land, (ii) increased milking area and (iii) purchasing non-milking area for production of conserved fodder. Expanding the milking area by purchasing more land without significantly increasing herd size (reducing stocking rate from 2.5 to 2.1 cows/ha) increased annual operating profit without increasing variability in profit between years compared with the base farm. The increased profit resulted from a reduction in the amount of purchased feed. The purchase of an additional outblock for fodder production reduced risk compared with the base farm system, but did not improve the profitability of the farm system. Other options significantly reduced profit while increasing risk. The most appropriate changes to dairy farm businesses in response to changes in the operating environment will vary from farm to farm. The analysis suggested that there may be an alternate path to the historical trends of larger and more intensive operations. It has also highlighted the importance of home-grown feed and efficient supplement use to increase or maintain profitability in the medium term.

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Gazzard, Tim, Terry Walshe, Peter Galvin, Owen Salkin, Michael Baker, Bec Cross, and Peter Ashton. "What is the 'appropriate' fuel management regime for the Otway Ranges, Victoria, Australia? Developing a long-term fuel management strategy using the structured decision-making framework." International Journal of Wildland Fire 29, no. 5 (2020): 354. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wf18131.

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The Otway Ranges contain many of the highest-wildfire-risk communities in Victoria, Australia. One of the chief risk mitigation measures in the Otway Ranges is planned burning. The location and amount of planned burning that is undertaken need to consider stakeholder perspectives that can be largely divergent, invoking difficult trade-offs for land-management agencies. The structured decision-making framework was utilised to select the most ‘appropriate’ 40-year cross-tenure fuel management strategy for the Otway Ranges. This paper details the approach undertaken to develop an optimised set of multi-objective fuel management strategies, identify suitable monetary and non-monetary objectives and calculate risk-weighted consequences using a range of modelling techniques. To underpin clarity in trade-offs and decision making, we emphasise the use of natural measures of performance for each candidate strategy against each objective, such as lives lost, species decline and economic losses associated with wildfire. This paper also highlights the role of stakeholder engagement throughout the decision-making process. We discuss the results of the formal trade-off process that was completed using an additive multi-objective value model to identify a preferred fuel management strategy for the Otway Ranges. The preferred strategy is currently used by local management agencies to guide operational planning and delivery.

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28

Leshinsky, Rebecca. "Touching on transparency in city local law making." International Journal of Law in the Built Environment 8, no. 3 (October 10, 2016): 194–209. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijlbe-01-2016-0001.

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Purpose The purpose for this paper is to share jurisdictional knowledge on local law-making theory and praxis, an area of law not well represented in the literature despite its involvement in day-to-day life. Design/methodology/approach The paper not only shares knowledge about the local law-making process in Melbourne, Australia, but also explores attitudes to local law-making gathered through semi-structured interviews from a sample of relevant stakeholders. Findings The paper reports on findings from a study undertaken in Melbourne, Australia. Stakeholder perceptions and attitudes were canvassed regarding local law-making in the areas of land use planning and waste management. Overall, stakeholders were satisfied that Melbourne is a robust jurisdiction offering a fair and transparent local law-making system, but they see scope for more public participation. Research limitations/implications The findings suggest that even though the state of Victoria offers a fair and transparent system of local law-making, there is still significant scope for more meaningful involvement from the community, as well as space for more effective enforcement of local laws. The stage is set for greater cross-jurisdictional reciprocal learning about local law-making between cities. Originality/value This paper offers meaningful and utilitarian insight for policy and law makers, academics and built environment professionals from relevant stakeholders on the operation and transparency of local law-making.

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Crompton, Ryan P., K. John McAneney, Keping Chen, Roger A. Pielke, and Katharine Haynes. "Influence of Location, Population, and Climate on Building Damage and Fatalities due to Australian Bushfire: 1925–2009." Weather, Climate, and Society 2, no. 4 (October 1, 2010): 300–310. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2010wcas1063.1.

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Abstract This study reevaluates the history of building damage and loss of life due to bushfire (wildfire) in Australia since 1925 in light of the 2009 Black Saturday fires in Victoria in which 173 people lost their lives and 2298 homes were destroyed along with many other structures. Historical records are normalized to estimate building damage and fatalities had events occurred under the societal conditions of 2008/09. There are relationships between normalized building damage and the El Niño–Southern Oscillation and Indian Ocean dipole phenomena, but there is no discernable evidence that the normalized data are being influenced by climatic change due to the emission of greenhouse gases. The 2009 Black Saturday fires rank second in terms of normalized fatalities and fourth in terms of normalized building damage. The public safety concern is that, of the 10 years with the highest normalized building damage, the 2008/09 bushfire season ranks third, behind the 1925/26 and 1938/39 seasons, in terms of the ratio of normalized fatalities to building damage. A feature of the building damage in the 2009 Black Saturday fires in some of the most affected towns—Marysville and Kinglake—is the large proportion of buildings destroyed either within bushland or at very small distances from it (<10 m). Land use planning policies in bushfire-prone parts of this country that allow such development increase the risk that bushfires pose to the public and the built environment.

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Jones, S. D., M. F. Garvey, and G. J. Hunter. "Where's the fire? Quantifying uncertainty in a wildfire threat model." International Journal of Wildland Fire 13, no. 1 (2004): 17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wf02050.

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Models of wildfire threat are often used in the management of fire-prone areas for purposes such as planning fire education campaigns and the deployment of fire prevention and suppression resources. While the use of spatial or geographic data is common to all wildfire threat models, the key question arises: Is the accuracy of the spatial data used in wildfire threat models sufficient for the intended decision-making purpose? To help answer this question, a quantitative uncertainty assessment technique was applied to a wildfire threat model used by the Country Fire Authority in Victoria, Australia. The technique simulates known or estimated spatial data error by modifying data values to represent the range of all probable errors present in the input dataset. The wildfire threat model is then run multiple times using these modified ‘error’ layers in order to simulate and observe the effect these errors have on the model outputs. For the model concerned, the results suggest that errors in digital elevation surfaces have only minimal impact upon the outputs, resulting in relatively stable wildfire management decisions. On the other hand inaccuracies in land cover maps (with implied differences in fuel load estimations) result in larger changes in the model outputs, whereas changes in fire weather data can result in highly unstable outputs. Knowledge of these effects can facilitate better wildfire management since any improvements that are to be made to the model’s accuracy can be focussed directly upon the problem datasets.

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Emamgholian, S., J. Pouliot, D. Shojaei, and L. M. Losier. "A WEB-BASED PLANNING PERMIT ASSESSMENT PROTOTYPE: ITWIN4PP." International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLVIII-4/W4-2022 (October 14, 2022): 37–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlviii-4-w4-2022-37-2022.

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Abstract. The current process of issuing planning permits mostly relies on checking Land-use Regulations (LuRs) against two-dimensional (2D) analogue or digital proposed development plans. Checking three-dimensional (3D) LuRs within 2D proposed development plans results in challenges for decision-makers to understand LuRs’ limits and the impacts of the proposed developments on existing buildings in their surrounded proximity. Given the advancement of 3D geospatial technologies, to overcome such challenges and facilitate the process of issuing planning permits, 3D digital approaches should be developed for effective 3D storage, analysis, and visualisation of 3D LuRs and detection of their potential conflicts. This paper, as part of an internship project with Bentley systems, aims to design and develop a web-based 3D visualisation prototype called iTwin4PP for issuing planning permits using Bentley iTwin platform. This prototype first demonstrates how 3D LuRs related to planning approval can be modelled automatically in 3D and combined with an integrated BIM-GIS environment including BIM designs of the proposed developments and GIS models of planning/city-data. Then, the prototype considers the possibility of 3D spatial analyses (especially proximity analysis) for verifying 3D LuRs automatically to detect potential spatio-semantic conflicts that may arise between modelled LuRs and physical/planning objects. Five LuRs subject to planning approval in Victorian jurisdiction, in Australia, including height limits, energy efficiency protection, overshadowing open space, noise impacts, and overlooking are highlighted. While these LuRs are specific to Melbourne’s planning scheme ordinance, we believe that the prototype and encountered challenges in integrating different sources of information especially BIM and GIS, modelling 3D LuRs, and detecting their potential conflicts are common and can be applied in other jurisdictions.

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Lesslie, Robert G., Brendan G. Mackey, and Kathryn M. Preece. "A Computer-based Method of Wilderness Evaluation." Environmental Conservation 15, no. 3 (1988): 225–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0376892900029362.

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With ever-increasing demands being made on remote and natural lands, planners and managers require more detailed information than hitherto to assist them in monitoring the status of this wilderness resource and developing appropriate and effective management prescriptions. These requirements are addressed by a computer-based wilderness evaluation procedure that has been developed for a national wilderness survey of Australia.The methodology, based on the wilderness continuum concept (Lesslie & Taylor, 1985), places emphasis on measuring variation in wilderness quality by using four indicators that represent the two essential attributes of remoteness and naturalness. This permits a precise assessment to be made of the wilderness resource, revealing those factors which contribute to or compromise wilderness quality. The computer-based storage and analysis of data enables surveys to be conducted over large, even continental, areas, yet at a relatively fine level of resolution that is appropriate to localized planning needs.Trial application to the State of Victoria, Australia, demonstrates that the survey procedure can be successfully adapted to a wide range of environments, use-patterns, data-base characteristics, and management objectives, which should be applicable and very widely useful elsewhere.

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33

Readman, Paul. "Landscape Preservation, ‘advertising disfigurement’, and English National Identity c. 1890–1914." Rural History 12, no. 1 (April 2001): 61–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0956793300002272.

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AbstractIn the late Victorian and Edwardian periods, anxieties developed about the impact of advertisements on the English landscape. Large posters and hoardings in rural areas were increasingly seen as having a damaging effect on the scenic beauties of the country, and a campaign to have their use restricted was started up in the 1890s. This article focuses on that campaign, and on the activities and ideology of the organisation (the National Society for Checking the Abuses of Public Advertising — SCAPA) which spearheaded it. In doing so, it seeks to engage with the wider historiographical debate about the nature of ‘Englishness’ in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. Through an examination of the agenda of SCAPA and other preservationist bodies (such as the National Trust), it suggests that it is misleading to conclude that English culture in this period was pervaded by backward-looking ‘rural-nostalgic’ obsessions. However, it also emphasises that English national identity was nonetheless to an important extent related to ideas about land and landscape. It does not do to write off phenomena like opposition to the ‘disfigurement’ of picturesque English scenery as insignificant, the concern only of a very marginal section of elite culture.

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34

Ahmed, Bokhari Abdullah, Hu Guang Dao, Al Mokredi, and Mansour Saeed. "Land Use Planning." Asian Journal of Information Technology 9, no. 3 (March 1, 2010): 164–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.3923/ajit.2010.164.169.

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Buxton, M., N. Y. Osman-Schlegel, and D. Lopes. "Soil moisture change and land use in Victoria, Australia." Australasian Journal of Environmental Management 23, no. 3 (May 19, 2016): 265–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14486563.2016.1179226.

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36

Smyrnova, S., V. Smyrnov, A. Mas, and D. Shapovalenko. "STRATEGIC LAND USE PLANNING." Agrosvit, no. 1-2 (January 29, 2021): 82. http://dx.doi.org/10.32702/2306-6792.2021.1-2.82.

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37

KOIZUMI, Hideki. "Comprehensive Land Use Planning." Japanese Journal of Real Estate Sciences 13, no. 4 (1999): 68–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.5736/jares1985.13.4_68.

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38

Fedorinov, A. V., and Т. A. Astakhova. "Land use planning examination." Zemleustrojstvo, kadastr i monitoring zemel' (Land management, cadastre and land monitoring), no. 12 (December 1, 2020): 25–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.33920/sel-04-2012-03.

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The article contains a brief history of the formation of land use planning expertise in Russia. The concept of the judicial land use planning expertise is explained in this paper. The classifi cation of judicial land use planning examinations is given with defi nitions of types of such examinations depending on the conditions of their conduct, tasks, stages of the process and involved experts.

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39

Morgan, N. C. "Sustainable land use planning." Biological Conservation 74, no. 1 (1995): 73–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0006-3207(95)90006-3.

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40

Turner, Tom. "Sustainable land use planning." Landscape and Urban Planning 29, no. 2-3 (August 1994): 201–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0169-2046(94)90028-0.

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41

Khlystun, V. N., and V. V. Alakoz. "Land administration and land use planning infrastructure." Zemleustrojstvo, kadastr i monitoring zemel' (Land management, cadastre and land monitoring), no. 10 (September 5, 2022): 629–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.33920/sel-04-2210-01.

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The article discusses the key indicators of responsible management and use of agricultural land allowing an assessment of its effectiveness, and proposes the measures to develop infrastructure for sustainable and economically profitable agricultural land use, and create favorable conditions for attracting investment in agro-industrial complex of the country. Betterment the mechanisms for regulating land relations, managing agricultural land use and developing land management infrastructure can improve budgetary, economic, environmental and social efficiency, characterized by the list of quantitative indicators given in the text, which are easy to compare and evaluate.

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42

Milam, Ronald T., and Tao (Anna) Luo. "Land Use–Based Transit Planning." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2063, no. 1 (January 2008): 143–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/2063-17.

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Gilg, Andrew. "Land use planning in Switzerland." Town Planning Review 56, no. 3 (July 1985): 315. http://dx.doi.org/10.3828/tpr.56.3.a07m013vl6575002.

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44

Beatley, Timothy. "Paternalism and Land Use Planning." Bowling Green Studies in Applied Philosophy 7 (1985): 53–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/bgstudies198574.

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45

Dökmeci, Vedia F., Gülen Çağdaş, and Selma Tokcan. "Multiobjective Land‐Use Planning Model." Journal of Urban Planning and Development 119, no. 1 (March 1993): 15–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0733-9488(1993)119:1(15).

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46

Anthony, Jerry, and David J. Forkenbrock. "Land Use Law in Planning." Journal of Planning Education and Research 26, no. 1 (September 2006): 80–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0739456x06288091.

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Lissner, Will. "Land Use Planning Under Fire." American Journal of Economics and Sociology 46, no. 2 (April 1987): 244. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1536-7150.1987.tb01960.x.

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Casal, Joaquim, Christian Delvosalle, and Micaela Demichela. "Risk analysis, land use planning." Safety Science 97 (August 2017): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ssci.2017.05.012.

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49

Chabot, Marcelle, and Gérard Duhaime. "Land-use planning and participation." Habitat International 22, no. 4 (December 1998): 429–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0197-3975(98)00019-8.

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50

Costle, Douglas M. "Regulatory Focus: Land use planning." Environmental Science & Technology 22, no. 6 (June 1988): 621. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es00171a602.

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