Дисертації з теми "Land Atmosphere"
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Martello, Robert 1968. "Land atmosphere interaction and atmospheric mixed layer height evolution." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/38774.
Повний текст джерелаFranks, Stewart William. "The representation of land surface - atmosphere fluxes for atmospheric modelling." Thesis, Lancaster University, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.387430.
Повний текст джерелаWei, Jiangfeng. "Land-atmosphere interaction and climate variability." Diss., Available online, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2007, 2007. http://etd.gatech.edu/theses/available/etd-05162007-151312/.
Повний текст джерелаStieglitz, Marc, Committee Member ; Guillas, Serge, Committee Member ; Fu, Rong, Committee Member ; Curry, Judith, Committee Member ; Dickinson, Robert, Committee Chair.
Cronin, Timothy (Timothy Wallace). "Land-atmosphere interaction and radiative-convective equilibrium." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/90605.
Повний текст джерелаThis electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.
Cataloged from student-submitted PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 161-171).
I present work on several topics related to land-atmosphere interaction and radiative-convective equilibrium: the first two research chapters invoke ideas related to land-atmosphere interaction to better understand radiative-convective equilibrium; the last two research chapters use the framework of radiative-convective equilibrium to better understand land-atmosphere interaction. First, I calculate how averaging the incident solar radiation can lead to biases in idealized climate models. I derive an expression for the absorption-weighted solar zenith angle, which minimizes the bias in mean absorbed shortwave radiation, and I find that it is closely matched by the insolation-weighted zenith angle. Common use of daytime-weighted zenith angle likely leads to high biases in albedo by ~3%. Second, I explore the time scales of approach to radiative-convective equilibrium with both a simple linearized two-variable model, and a single-column model with full physics. I show that there is a long time scale of approach to radiative-convective equilibrium that is order hundreds of days even when the surface heat capacity vanishes. The impact of water vapor on the effective atmospheric heat capacity can more than double this time scale for warm temperatures and low surface heat capacities. Third, I develop an analytic theory for the sensitivity of near-surface temperature to properties of the land surface. I show that the theory compares well against a simple numerical model of the coupled boundary layer-surface system, as well as a more complex two-column model, and discuss application of the theory to questions of how changes in land use or ecosystem function may affect climate change. Finally, I find that the diurnal cycle of convection is important for the spatial distribution of rainfall in idealized simulations of radiative-convective equilibrium with a cloud-resolving model. In a region that is partly an island and mostly ocean, precipitation over the island falls primarily in a regular, strong, afternoon thunderstorm, with a time-mean rainfall rate more than double the domain average. I explore mechanisms for this island rainfall enhancement, investigate the importance of island size for my results, and find that the upper troposphere warms with the inclusion of an island, which may have implications for the large-scale tropical circulation.
by Timothy Cronin.
Ph. D. in Climate Physics and Chemistry
Kala, Jatin. "Land-atmosphere interactions in Southwest Western Australia." Thesis, Kala, Jatin ORCID: 0000-0001-9338-2965 (2011) Land-atmosphere interactions in Southwest Western Australia. PhD thesis, Murdoch University, 2011. https://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/10624/.
Повний текст джерелаMohr, Karen Irene. "An investigation of land/atmosphere interactions : soil moisture, heat fluxes, and atmospheric convection /." Digital version:, 2000. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/utexas/fullcit?p9992875.
Повний текст джерелаWhite, Cary Blake, and Cary Blake White. "Soil Moisture Variability in Land Surface-Atmosphere Interactions." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/626791.
Повний текст джерелаGentine, Pierre. "Spectral behavior of the coupled land-atmosphere system." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/61243.
Повний текст джерелаCataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references.
The main objective of this thesis is to understand the daily cycle of the energy coupling between the land and the atmosphere in response to a forcing of incoming radiation at their common boundary, the land surface. This is of fundamental importance as that the initial/ boundary conditions of the land-surface state variables (e.g. soil moisture, soil temperature) exert strong control at various temporal scales on hydrologic, climatic and weather related processes. Hence diagnosing these state variables is crucial for extreme hydrological forecasting (flood/ drought), agronomic crop management as well as weather and climatic forecasts. Consequently in this thesis, the daily behavior of a simple land-atmosphere model is examined. A conceptual and linearized land-atmosphere model is first introduced and its response to a daily input of incoming radiation at the land surface is investigated. The solution of the different state and fluxes in the Atmospheric Boundary Layer (ABL) and in the soil are expressed as temporal Fourier series with vertically dependent coefficients. These coefficients highlight the impact of both the surface parameters and the frequency of the radiation on the heat propagation in the ABL and in the soil. The simplified model is shown to compare well with field measurements thus accounting for the main emergent behaviors of the system. The first chapter of the thesis describes the theoretical background of the equations governing the evolution of temperature and humidity in the ABL and in the soil. In the second chapter, the pioneering work of Lettau (1951), which inspired our approach is summarized. In his work Lettau studied the response of a simplified linearized land-atmosphere model to a sinusoidal net radiation forcing at the land surface. The third chapter of the thesis describes the SUDMED project, which took place in Morocco in 2003. During this project a wheat field was fully instrumented with continuous measurements of soil moisture, radiative fluxes, turbulent heat fluxes and soil heat flux. This site will be taken as a reference for model comparison. The fourth chapter of the thesis presents the three studies with distinctive goals. In these studies our linearized land-atmosphere model is first introduced. Then the propagation of the land-surface diurnal heating is presented and the model is compared to observations from the SUDMED project. Finally the repercussion of a land-surface energy budget error noise is investigated. Finally in the last chapter of the thesis we discuss possible evolution and improvements of the analytical coupled model presented in this thesis. In particular, it is emphasized that the non-linearity of the the boundary-layer height is of great importance for the predictability of the ABL state.
by Pierre Gentine.
Ph.D.
Ghent, Darren John. "Land surface modelling and Earth observation of land/atmosphere interactions in African savannahs." Thesis, University of Leicester, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2381/10274.
Повний текст джерелаLiu, Yuqiong. "Parameter Estimations For Locally Coupled Land Surface-Atmosphere Models." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/191262.
Повний текст джерелаZabel, Florian. "Land-atmosphere coupling between a land surface hydrological model and a regional climate model." Diss., lmu, 2012. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:19-151446.
Повний текст джерелаShibuo, Yoshihiro. "Modelling water and solute flows at land-sea and land-atmosphere interfaces under data limitations." Doctoral thesis, Stockholm : Department of Physical Geography and Quaternary Geology, Stockholm University, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-6834.
Повний текст джерелаManrique-Sunen, A. "The treatment of vegetation in land surface models : implications for predictions of land-atmosphere exchange." Thesis, University of Reading, 2016. http://centaur.reading.ac.uk/68719/.
Повний текст джерелаGoncalves, de Goncalves Luis Gustavo. "LAND SURFACE-ATMOSPHERE INTERACTIONS IN REGIONAL MODELING OVER SOUTH AMERICA." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/195893.
Повний текст джерелаYang, Zhao, and Zhao Yang. "Land-Atmosphere Interactions Due to Anthropogenic and Natural Changes in the Land Surface: A Numerical Modeling." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/623069.
Повний текст джерелаZhang, Yan. "Influence of biomass burning aerosol on land-atmosphere interactions over Amazonia." Thesis, Available online, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2005, 2005. http://etd.gatech.edu/theses/available/etd-07122005-120105/.
Повний текст джерелаBain, Caroline Louise. "Interactions between the Land Surface and the Atmosphere over West Africa." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.491661.
Повний текст джерелаMacdonald, J. A. "Soil and environmental variables affecting the land-atmosphere exchange of methane." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.654211.
Повний текст джерелаBrubaker, Kaye L. (Kaye Lorraine). "Nonlinear dynamics of water and energy balance in land-atmosphere interaction." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/36513.
Повний текст джерелаSirkin, David Michael. "Thermohaline circulation stability in a copuled land-ocean-atmosphere box model." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/57858.
Повний текст джерелаBarros, Ana Paula. "Modeling of orographic precipitation with multilevel coupling of land-atmosphere interactions /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/10144.
Повний текст джерелаLytle, William. "Coupled Evaluation of Below- and Above-Ground Energy and Water Cycle Variables from Reanalysis Products Over Five Flux Tower Sites in the U.S." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/595636.
Повний текст джерелаLuke, Catherine M. "Modelling aspects of land-atmosphere interaction : thermal instability in peatland soils and land parameter estimation through data assimilation." Thesis, University of Exeter, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10036/3229.
Повний текст джерелаKelly, Patrick. "Evaluation of Land-Atmosphere Interactions in Models of the North American Monsoon." Scholarly Repository, 2008. http://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_theses/118.
Повний текст джерелаArain, Muhammad Altaf. "Spatial aggregation of vegetation parameters in a coupled land surface-atmosphere model." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1994. http://etd.library.arizona.edu/etd/GetFileServlet?file=file:///data1/pdf/etd/azu_etd_hy0049_m_sip1_w.pdf&type=application/pdf.
Повний текст джерелаMcAtee, Brendon Kynnie. "Surface-atmosphere interactions in the thermal infrared (8 - 14um)." Thesis, Curtin University, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/408.
Повний текст джерелаZabel, Florian [Verfasser], and Wolfram [Akademischer Betreuer] Mauser. "Land-atmosphere coupling between a land surface hydrological model and a regional climate model / Florian Zabel. Betreuer: Wolfram Mauser." München : Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, 2012. http://d-nb.info/1029662487/34.
Повний текст джерелаSgoff, Christine [Verfasser], Juerg [Gutachter] Schmidli, and Roland [Gutachter] Potthast. "Assimilating synthetic land surface temperature in a fully coupled land-atmosphere system / Christine Sgoff ; Gutachter: Juerg Schmidli, Roland Potthast." Frankfurt am Main : Universitätsbibliothek Johann Christian Senckenberg, 2021. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:hebis:30:3-613301.
Повний текст джерелаMartinez, Agudelo John Alejandro. "On the Hydroclimate of Southern South America: Water Vapor Transport and the Role of Shallow Groundwater on Land-Atmosphere Interactions." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/595679.
Повний текст джерелаNagai, Haruyasu. "Development of a New Atmosphere-Soil-Vegetation Model to Study Heat, Water, and CO2 Exchanges between the Atmosphere and Land-surface." 京都大学 (Kyoto University), 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/147889.
Повний текст джерелаGustafsson, David. "Boreal land surface water and heat balance : Modelling soil-snow-vegetation-atmosphere behaviour." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Mark- och vattenteknik, 2002. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-3406.
Повний текст джерелаQC 20100614
Sagerfors, Jörgen. "Land-atmosphere exchange of CO₂, water and energy at a boreal minerotrophic mire /." Umeå : Dept. of Forest Ecology and Management, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 2007. http://epsilon.slu.se/200704.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаKnist, Sebastian [Verfasser]. "Land-atmosphere interactions in multiscale regional climate change simulations over Europe / Sebastian Knist." Bonn : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Bonn, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1173789669/34.
Повний текст джерелаGong, Cuiling 1964. "The role of land-atmosphere-ocean interactions in rainfall variability over West Africa." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/38753.
Повний текст джерелаHe, Yufeng. "Real-world solutions for improving estimates of land-atmosphere exchanges in heterogeneous landscapes." Thesis, Bangor University, 2016. https://research.bangor.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/realworld-solutions-for-improving-estimates-of-landatmosphere-exchanges-in-heterogeneous-landscapes(5bca7965-6d2d-46ab-8645-82f32dc51fd2).html.
Повний текст джерелаMcAtee, Brendon Kynnie. "Surface-atmosphere interactions in the thermal infrared (8 - 14um)." Curtin University of Technology, Department of Applied Physics, 2003. http://espace.library.curtin.edu.au:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=14481.
Повний текст джерелаInvestigation of the change in surface-leaving radiance as the zenith angle of observation varies is then also important in developing a better understanding of the radiative interaction between the land surface and the atmosphere. The work in this study investigates the atmospheric impacts using surface brightness temperature measurements from the ATSR-2 satellite sensor in combination with atmospheric profile data from radiosondes and estimates of the downwelling sky radiance made by a ground-based radiometer. A line-by-line radiative transfer model is used to model the angular impacts of the atmosphere upon the surfaceleaving radiance. Results from the modelling work show that if the magnitude of the upwelling and downwelling sky radiance and atmospheric transmittance are accurately known then the surface-emitted radiance and hence the LST may be retrieved with negligible error. Guided by the outcomes of the modelling work an atmospheric correction term is derived which accounts for absorption and emission by the atmosphere, and is based on the viewing geometry of the satellite sensor and atmospheric properties characteristic of a semi-arid field site near Alice Springs in the Northern Territory (Central Australia). Ground-based angular measurements of surface brightness temperature made by a scanning, self calibrating radiometer situated at this field site are then used to investigate how the surface-leaving radiance varies over a range of zenith angles comparable to that of the ATSR-2 satellite sensor.
Well defined cycles in the angular dependence of surface brightness temperature were observed on both diumal and seasonal timescales in these data. The observed cycles in surface brightness temperature are explained in terms of the interaction between the downwelling sky radiance and the angular dependence of the surface emissivity. The angular surface brightness temperature and surface emissivity information is then applied to derive an LST estimate of high accuracy (approx. 1 K at night and 1-2 K during the day), suitable for the validation of satellite-derived LST measurements. Finally, the atmospheric and land surface components of this work are combined to describe surface-atmosphere interaction at the field site. Algorithms are derived for the satellite retrieval of LST for the nadir and forward viewing geometries of the ATSR-2 sensor, based upon the cycles in the angular dependence of surface brightness temperature observed in situ and the atmospheric correction term developed from the modelling of radiative transfer in the atmosphere. A qualitative assessment of the performance of these algorithms indicates they may obtain comparable accuracy to existing dual angle algorithms (approx. 1.5 K) in the ideal case and an accuracy of 3-4 K in practice, which is limited by knowledge of atmospheric properties (eg downwelling sky radiance and atmospheric transmittance), and the surface emissivity. There are, however, strong prospects of enhanced performance given better estimates of these physical quantities, and if coefficients within the retrieval algorithms are determined over a wider range of observation zenith angles in the future.
Fischer, Erich Markus. "The role of land-atmosphere interactions for European summer heat waves : past, present and future /." kostenfrei, 2007. http://e-collection.ethbib.ethz.ch/view/eth:30604.
Повний текст джерелаJang, Eun-Hwa. "Source identification and reactivity study on atmosphere polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2015. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/5648/.
Повний текст джерелаMorrison, Ross David. "Land/atmosphere carbon dioxide exchange at semi-natural and regenerating peatlands in East Anglia, UK." Thesis, University of Leicester, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2381/27972.
Повний текст джерелаBiasutti, Michela. "On the annual cycle over the atlantic sector : the relative role of land and ocean. /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/10016.
Повний текст джерелаLiu, Shuguang, Ben Bond-Lamberty, Lena R. Boysen, James D. Ford, Andrew Fox, Kevin Gallo, Jerry Hatfield, et al. "Grand Challenges in Understanding the Interplay of Climate and Land Changes." AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/624354.
Повний текст джерелаZhang, Chi Tian Hanqin. "Terrestrial carbon dynamics of southern United States in response to changes in climatic, atmosphere, and land-use/land cover from 1895 to 2005." Auburn, Ala, 2008. http://repo.lib.auburn.edu/EtdRoot/2008/SPRING/Forestry_and_Wildlife_Sciences/Dissertation/Zhang_Chi_13.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаSanchez-Mejia, Zulia M. "Monsoon dependent ecosystems| Implications of the vertical distribution of soil moisture on land surface-atmosphere interactions." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2013. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3590060.
Повний текст джерелаUncertainty of predicted change in precipitation frequency and intensity motivates the scientific community to better understand, quantify, and model the possible outcome of dryland ecosystems. In pulse dependent ecosystems (i.e. monsoon driven) soil moisture is tightly linked to atmospheric processes. Here, I analyze three overarching questions; Q1) How does soil moisture presence or absence in a shallow or deep layer influence the surface energy budget and planetary boundary layer characteristics?, Q2) What is the role of vegetation on ecosystem albedo in the presence or absence of deep soil moisture?, Q3) Can we develop empirical relationships between soil moisture and the planetary boundary layer height to help evaluate the role of future precipitation changes in land surface atmosphere interactions? . To address these questions I use a conceptual framework based on the presence or absence of soil moisture in a shallow or deep layer. I define these layers by using root profiles and establish soil moisture thresholds for each layer using four years of observations from the Santa Rita Creosote Ameriflux site. Soil moisture drydown curves were used to establish the shallow layer threshold in the shallow layer, while NEE (Net Ecosystem Exchange of carbon dioxide) was used to define the deep soil moisture threshold. Four cases were generated using these thresholds: Case 1, dry shallow layer and dry deep layer; Case 2, wet shallow layer and dry deep layer; Case 3, wet shallow layer and wet deep layer, and Case 4 dry shallow and wet deep layer. Using this framework, I related data from the Ameriflux site SRC (Santa Rita Creosote) from 2008 to 2012 and from atmospheric soundings from the nearby Tucson Airport; conducted field campaigns during 2011 and 2012 to measure albedo from individual bare and canopy patches that were then evaluated in a grid to estimate the influence of deep moisture on albedo via vegetation cover change; and evaluated the potential of using a two-layer bucket model and empirical relationships to evaluate the link between deep soil moisture and the planetary boundary layer height under changing precipitation regime. My results indicate that (1) the presence or absence of water in two layers plays a role in surface energy dynamics, (2) soil moisture presence in the deep layer is linked with decreased ecosystem albedo and planetary boundary layer height, (3) deep moisture sustains vegetation greenness and decreases albedo, and (4) empirical relationships are useful in modeling planetary boundary layer height from dryland ecosystems. Based on these results we argue that deep soil moisture plays an important role in land surface-atmosphere interactions.
Hill, Timothy C. "A modelling approach to carbon, water and energy feedbacks and interactions across the land-atmosphere interface." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/2201.
Повний текст джерелаLiang, Chun Xia. "Can planting trees make it rain?: the impact of trees on precipitation through land-atmosphere feedback." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/11686.
Повний текст джерелаSanchez-Mejia, Zulia Mayari. "Monsoon Dependent Ecosystems: Implications of the Vertical Distribution of Soil Moisture on Land Surface-Atmosphere Interactions." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/299116.
Повний текст джерелаSakaguchi, Koichi. "Spatiotemporal Scale Limits and Roles of Biogeochemical Cycles in Climate Predictions." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/268598.
Повний текст джерелаWang, Zhaomin. "A simple coupled atmosphere-ocean-sea ice-land surface-ice sheet model for climate and paleoclimate studies." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape9/PQDD_0020/NQ55391.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаWang, Zhaomin 1963. "A simple coupled atmosphere-ocean-sea ice-land surface-ice sheet model for climate and paleoclimate studies /." Thesis, McGill University, 1999. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=36068.
Повний текст джерелаThe above coupled model (less the ice sheet component) is first used to simulate the major features of the present day climate. In a global warming (cooling) experiment, the thermohaline circulation (THC) in the North Atlantic Ocean is weakened (intensified) due to the increased (reduced) moisture transport to, and warmer (cooler) sea surface temperatures at northern high latitudes.
Secondly, the above four-component model is employed to investigate the initiation of glaciation, which is accomplished by reducing the solar radiation and increasing the planetary emissivity only in high northern latitudes. When land ice is growing, the THC in the North Atlantic Ocean is intensified, resulting in a warm subpolar North Atlantic Ocean. The intensified THC maintains a large land-ocean thermal contrast at high latitudes, which leads to enhanced land ice accumulation. We conclude that increased fresh water or massive iceberg discharge from land is responsible for a weak or collapsed THC.
Lastly, a dynamic ice sheet model is coupled to the above four-component model. Sensitivity experiments show that a smaller lateral (east-west) ice discharge rate maintains a larger ice volume and extent in our model. Also, a reduced atmospheric CO2 concentration, which is parameterized as an increased planetary emissivity, may lead to the expansion of the ice sheets and hence a larger ice volume and extent. A simple iceberg calving scheme is next introduced to investigate ice sheet-THC interactions on the millennial timescale. We find that the longer the duration of iceberg calving, the longer the time that must elapse before the next calving event can occur. Also, it is shown that the strength of the THC in the North Atlantic Ocean is very sensitive to the discharge rate of the ice sheets. This makes the simulation of the interactions between ice sheets and the THC extremely challenging.
Wang, Zhuo. "Using MODIS BRDF/Albedo Data to Evaluate and Improve Land Surface Albedo in Weather and Climate Models." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/195109.
Повний текст джерела