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Статті в журналах з теми "La Fossa volcano"

Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 10 березня 2023

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1

Costa, Simone, Matteo Masotta, Anna Gioncada, and Marco Pistolesi. "A Crystal Mush Perspective Explains Magma Variability at La Fossa Volcano (Vulcano, Italy)." Minerals 11, no. 10 (October 5, 2021): 1094. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min11101094.

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The eruptive products of the last 1000 years at La Fossa volcano on the island of Vulcano (Italy) are characterized by abrupt changes of chemical composition that span from latite to rhyolite. The wide variety of textural features of these products has given rise to several petrological models dealing with the mingling/mixing processes involving mafic-intermediate and rhyolitic magmas. In this paper, we use published whole-rock data for the erupted products of La Fossa and combine them in geochemical and thermodynamic modelling in order to provide new constrains for the interpretations of the dynamics of the active magmatic system. The obtained results allow us to picture a polybaric plumbing system characterized by multiple magma reservoirs and related crystal mushes, formed from time to time during the differentiation of shoshonitic magmas, to produce latites, trachytes and rhyolites. The residing crystal mushes are periodically perturbated by new, fresh magma injections that, on one hand, induce the partial melting of the mush and, on the other hand, favor the extraction of highly differentiated interstitial melts. The subsequent mixing and mingling of mush-derived melts ultimately determine the formation of magmas erupted at La Fossa, whose textural and chemical features are otherwise not explained by simple assimilation and fractional crystallization models. In such a system, the compositional variability of the erupted products reflects the complexity of the physical and chemical interactions among recharging magmas and the crystal mushes.

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2

Igarashi, Satoshi, Makoto Arima, Jun-ichi Kimura, and Kenji Shuto. "Petrology of the volcanic rocks from the Torikabuto Volcano, North Fossa Magna, central Japan-Differentiation process of calc-alkaline volcanic rocks-." Journal of the Geological Society of Japan 113, no. 11 (2007): 565–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.5575/geosoc.113.565.

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3

Montalto, A. "Seismic assessment of phreatic-explosion hazard at ?La Fossa? Volcano (Island of Vulcano, Italy)." Natural Hazards 11, no. 1 (January 1995): 57–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00613310.

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4

Rabuffi, Federico, Malvina Silvestri, Massimo Musacchio, Vito Romaniello, and Maria Fabrizia Buongiorno. "A Statistical Approach to Satellite Time Series Analysis to Detect Changes in Thermal Activities: The Vulcano Island 2021 Crisis." Remote Sensing 14, no. 16 (August 13, 2022): 3933. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs14163933.

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Vulcano belongs to the seven volcanic islands forming the Aeolian archipelago (Italy) and has the privilege to define an eruptive style as “Vulcanian”. It has to be considered as an active volcano as its most recent activity demonstrated. Starting by late spring 2021, the thermal state of the Vulcano summit area changed and the gas emission increased. During the summer and, in particular, starting from September, geophysical and geochemical signals, precisely those linked to the activity of the hydrothermal system that feeds the fumaroles of the Fossa crater, varied. The temperature of the gases emitted by the fumaroles on the crater rim has increased and the composition of the gases has showed an increase in CO2 and SO2 (carbon dioxide and sulfur dioxide) concentration. For such reasons, the authors decided to follow this event by analyzing the remotely sensed available data suitable for detecting changes in thermal state. By processing the TIRS (Landsat 8) and ASTER time series, two long-term surface temperature logs were obtained and, therefore, by adopting a statistical approach, an analysis in both space and time domains has emphasized a thermal signature since mid-September 2021.

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5

Capaccioni, B., and S. Coniglio. "Varicolored and vesiculated tuffs from La Fossa volcano, Vulcano Island (Aeolian Archipelago, Italy): evidence of syndepositional alteration processes." Bulletin of Volcanology 57, no. 1 (March 1995): 61–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00298708.

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6

Fulignati, Paolo, and Alessandro Sbrana. "Presence of native gold and tellurium in the active high-sulfidation hydrothermal system of the La Fossa volcano (Vulcano, Italy)." Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research 86, no. 1-4 (November 1998): 187–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0377-0273(98)00078-x.

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7

Fulignati, P., A. Sbrana, W. Luperini, and V. Greco. "Formation of rock coatings induced by the acid fumarole plume of the passively degassing volcano of La Fossa (Vulcano Island, Italy)." Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research 115, no. 3-4 (June 2002): 397–410. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0377-0273(02)00209-3.

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8

Ferrucci, M., S. Pertusati, R. Sulpizio, G. Zanchetta, M. T. Pareschi, and R. Santacroce. "Volcaniclastic debris flows at La Fossa Volcano (Vulcano Island, southern Italy): Insights for erosion behaviour of loose pyroclastic material on steep slopes." Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research 145, no. 3-4 (July 2005): 173–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2005.01.013.

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9

Alparone, Salvatore, Andrea Cannata, Salvatore Gambino, Stefano Gresta, Vincenzo Milluzzo, and Placido Montalto. "Time-space variation of volcano-seismic events at La Fossa (Vulcano, Aeolian Islands, Italy): new insights into seismic sources in a hydrothermal system." Bulletin of Volcanology 72, no. 7 (April 30, 2010): 803–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00445-010-0367-6.

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10

Biass, Sébastien, Jean-Luc Falcone, Costanza Bonadonna, Federico Di Traglia, Marco Pistolesi, Mauro Rosi, and Pierino Lestuzzi. "Great Balls of Fire: A probabilistic approach to quantify the hazard related to ballistics — A case study at La Fossa volcano, Vulcano Island, Italy." Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research 325 (October 2016): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2016.06.006.

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11

Diliberto, Iole Serena. "Long-term monitoring on a closed-conduit volcano: A 25 year long time-series of temperatures recorded at La Fossa cone (Vulcano Island, Italy), ranging from 250 °C to 520 °C." Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research 346 (October 2017): 151–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2017.03.005.

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12

Nehlig, Pierre, Herve Leyrit, Arnaud Dardon, Gwenael Freour, Alain de Goer de Herve, David Huguet, and Denis Thieblemont. "Constructions et destructions du stratovolcan du Cantal." Bulletin de la Société Géologique de France 172, no. 3 (May 1, 2001): 295–308. http://dx.doi.org/10.2113/172.3.295.

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Abstract The Cantal (France) stratovolcano, which is 70 km in diameter and extends 2500 km 2 , is the largest perialpine stratovolcano. Due to its size and the abundance of breccia, it has never before been the subject of a comprehensive synthesis, despite being considered in more than 30 doctoral theses and over 200 scientific papers, memoirs and reports. An intensive research project, which integrates a synthesis of existing published and unpublished data and new geological, geochemical, geophysical and geochronological data, along with 1:25,000-scale mapping of the central part of the stratovolcano, has led to the production of the first 1:50,000-scale map of the central part of the volcano and a 1:100,000-scale map of the entire volcano. The present mapping and analytical work has led to an entirely new conceptual view of the geological history of the stratovolcano and to a reinterpretation of the previously defined stratigraphic units and their volcanological significance. This paper presents a brief geological history, focussing on the abundant primary and secondary breccia (lahar and debris-avalanche deposits) that make up most of the volcano, and reviews a number of dogmas and uncertainties concerning the volcano and its evolution. The stratovolcano was emplaced between 13 and 2 Ma on an uplifted Hercynian basement associated with Oligocene sedimentary basins. The overall geometry of the Cantal stratovolcano is rather simple, composed of a central trachyandesitic volcano surrounded by debris-avalanche and debris-flow deposits sandwiched between two basaltic lava flows. Basaltic lava erupted first, between 13 and 7 Ma, with a peak activity around 9 Ma. Trachyandesitic lava with minor trachyte and rhyolite was erupted towards the end of the basaltic activity, between 10 and 6.5 Ma, although mainly between 8.5 and 7 Ma. This episode led to the construction of a high stratovolcano and its associated laharic apron. The edifice collapsed several times and produced gigantic debris-avalanche deposits that are widespread in the Cantal and as far as 40 km from its centre. The last stages of trachyandesitic activity were synchronous with the emplacement of phonolitic domes between 7.5 and 5.5 Ma. This intrusive event was followed by extensive basaltic lava flows that covered most of the Cantal. The present geometry of the Cantal volcano is the result of these phases of construction and cataclysmic destruction followed by intense glacial and periglacial erosion. The ages of emplacement of the debris-avalanche deposits are now well constrained by abundant isotopic data obtained from the overlying, underlying and included blocks. They imply that several large debris-avalanches affected the flanks of the Cantal volcano between 8.0 and 6.8 Ma. The deposits are in chronological order and separated by episodes of volcanic construction: -- the deposits in the north and east (Rhues, Veronne, Impradine, Santoire, Alagnon Chevade valleys), dated at before 7,4 Ma, form a highly discontinuous, thin eroded layer that is overlain by a thick volcanoclastic laharic piedmont derived from the subsequent phases of volcanic construction; -- the deposits in the west (Marilhou, Mars, Maronne, Aspre, Bertrande valleys) are dated at between 7.2 et 7.4 Ma; -- the deposits in the southwest (Doire, Authre, Jordanne, Cere and Epie valleys) are dated at between 7.4 and 6.8 Ma; -- the deposits in the south (Goul and Brezons valleys) younger than 7.1 Ma and emplaced before the Cere deposit. The absence of a laharic unit on top of the southwestern debris-avalanche deposits is in agreement with this succession of volcanic construction and destruction, as it implies the absence of any major volcanic construction after the last gravitational collapse. All the other sectors are characterized by thick debris-flow deposits overlying the debris-avalanche deposits. This chronological succession of events invalidates the previously proposed debris-avalanche chronologies. The present-day total volume of debris-avalanche deposits is around 245 km 3 for a total volcanic volume of 385 km 3 . Individual debris-avalanche bodies have volumes of several tens of km 3 . Well-characterized prehistoric and historic debris-avalanche bodies have height/length ratios around 0.1. Taking this good correlation into account suggests altitudes above 3000 m for the Cantal paleovolcano and explains the high paleoslopes observed in its central part. Previous models required the existence of a gigantic caldera ("fosse volcano-tectonique") in the central part of the volcano to account for the abundant "pyroclastic rocks" now interpreted as debris-avalanche deposits. This caldera and smaller ones were geophysically and geochronologically documented. New geophysical and geological expertise, however, has revealed the absence of such features. The detailed mapping has shown that the Cantal stratovolcano is mainly the result of several phases of construction and destruction over a relatively short period from 8.5 to 6.5 Ma. The construction phases led to the edification, over several hundred thousand years, of trachyandesitic volcanoes (25 km in diameter and more than 3000 m high) surrounded by debris deposits (laharic piedmont, 40 km in diameter). Due to the high viscosity of the trachyandesitic material, each construction phase resulted in major gravitational collapse, causing a large debris avalanche talus (70 km in diameter) around the central volcano. The last collapse in the southwest was not followed by a construction event, as indicated by the absence of overlying debris-flow deposits and by the flat morphology sealed by the upper basaltic flows.

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13

Pedone, M., A. Aiuppa, G. Giudice, F. Grassa, V. Francofonte, B. Bergsson, and E. Ilyinskaya. "Tunable diode laser measurements of hydrothermal/volcanic CO<sub>2</sub>, and implications for the global CO<sub>2</sub> budget." Solid Earth Discussions 6, no. 2 (August 27, 2014): 2645–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/sed-6-2645-2014.

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Abstract. Quantifying the CO2 flux sustained by low-temperature fumarolic fields in volcanic-hydrothermal environment has remained a challenge, to date. Here, we explored the potentiality of a commercial infrared tunable laser unit for quantifying such fumarolic volcanic/hydrothermal CO2 fluxes. Our field tests were conducted (between April 2013 and March 2014) at Nea Kameni (Santorini, Greece), Hekla and Krýsuvík (Iceland) and Vulcano (Aeolian Islands, Italy). At these sites, the tunable laser was used to measure the path-integrated CO2 mixing ratios along cross-sections of the fumaroles' atmospheric plumes. By using a tomographic post-processing routine, we then obtained, for each manifestation, the contour maps of CO2 mixing ratios in the plumes and, from their integration, the CO2 fluxes. The so-calculated CO2 fluxes range from low (5.7 ± 0.9 t day−1; Krýsuvík) to moderate (524 ± 108 t day−1; "La Fossa" crater, Vulcano). Overall, we suggest that the cumulative CO2 contribution from weakly degassing volcanoes in hydrothermal stage of activity may be significant at global scale.

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14

Pedone, M., A. Aiuppa, G. Giudice, F. Grassa, V. Francofonte, B. Bergsson, and E. Ilyinskaya. "Tunable diode laser measurements of hydrothermal/volcanic CO<sub>2</sub> and implications for the global CO<sub>2</sub> budget." Solid Earth 5, no. 2 (December 2, 2014): 1209–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/se-5-1209-2014.

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Abstract. Quantifying the CO2 flux sustained by low-temperature fumarolic fields in hydrothermal/volcanic environments has remained a challenge, to date. Here, we explored the potential of a commercial infrared tunable laser unit for quantifying such fumarolic volcanic/hydrothermal CO2 fluxes. Our field tests were conducted between April 2013 and March 2014 at Nea Kameni (Santorini, Greece), Hekla and Krýsuvík (Iceland) and Vulcano (Aeolian Islands, Italy). At these sites, the tunable laser was used to measure the path-integrated CO2 mixing ratios along cross sections of the fumaroles' atmospheric plumes. By using a tomographic post-processing routine, we then obtained, for each manifestation, the contour maps of CO2 mixing ratios in the plumes and, from their integration, the CO2 fluxes. The calculated CO2 fluxes range from low (5.7 ± 0.9 t d−1; Krýsuvík) to moderate (524 ± 108 t d−1; La Fossa crater, Vulcano). Overall, we suggest that the cumulative CO2 contribution from weakly degassing volcanoes in the hydrothermal stage of activity may be significant at the global scale.

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15

Bachri, Syamsul, Sumarmi, Listyo Yudha Irawan, Sugeng Utaya, Rahmat Wirawan, Farizki Dwitri Nurdiansyah, Alif Erfika Nurjanah, Lela Wahyu Ning Tyas, Akhmad Amri Adillah, and Denny Setia. "FOSS (Free Open Source Software) Integration to Implement WebGIS-Based Information System of Kelud Volcano." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1066, no. 1 (July 1, 2022): 012010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1066/1/012010.

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Abstract The purpose of this research is to establish a webGIS-based disaster information system. WebGIS application is used as a dissemination strategy of geospatial information of the data obtained from the surrounding area of Kelud Volcano. This application utilizes the Free Open Source Software (FOSS) standardized by the Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC). The initial step in the development of this system includes providing a database for geospatial data storing consisting of landslide-prone zones, land suitability, and tourism which were the focus of this research. The second step is the GeoJSON data conversion and Web Mapping Service (WMS) creation. This study has several results in the form of; 1) the establishment of a web-based GIS application system using FOSS standardized by OGC provides benefits in terms of cost efficiency in the development and provides convenience for the application because it is widely used by the community; 2) the development of information systems built in two directions between community participation and disaster web managers shows effective results; 3) the results of the two system tests show that the system built has no functional problems but, the version of the web browser used needs to be considered. This application is expected to build a communication aspect between policymakers and the community concerning an integrated disaster information management.

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16

Fagorzi, Camilla, Sara Del Duca, Stefania Venturi, Carolina Chiellini, Giovanni Bacci, Renato Fani, and Franco Tassi. "Bacterial Communities from Extreme Environments: Vulcano Island." Diversity 11, no. 8 (August 20, 2019): 140. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/d11080140.

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Although volcanoes represent extreme environments for life, they harbour bacterial communities. Vulcano Island (Aeolian Islands, Sicily) presents an intense fumarolic activity and widespread soil degassing, fed by variable amounts of magmatic gases (dominant at La Fossa Crater) and hydrothermal fluids (dominant at Levante Bay). The aim of this study is to analyse the microbial communities from the different environments of Vulcano Island and to evaluate their possible correlation with the composition of the gas emissions. Microbial analyses were carried out on soils and pioneer plants from both La Fossa Crater and Levante Bay. Total DNA has been extracted from all the samples and sequenced through Illumina MiSeq platform. The analysis of microbiome composition and the gases sampled in the same sites could suggest a possible correlation between the two parameters. We can suggest that the ability of different bacterial genera/species to survive in the same area might be due to the selection of particular genetic traits allowing the survival of these microorganisms. On the other side, the finding that microbial communities inhabiting different sites exhibiting different emission profiles are similar might be explained on the basis of a possible sharing of metabolic abilities related to the gas composition.

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17

Vita, F., C. Kern, and S. Inguaggiato. "Development of a portable active long-path differential optical absorption spectroscopy system for volcanic gas measurements." Journal of Sensors and Sensor Systems 3, no. 2 (December 19, 2014): 355–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/jsss-3-355-2014.

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Abstract. Active long-path differential optical absorption spectroscopy (LP-DOAS) has been an effective tool for measuring atmospheric trace gases for several decades. However, instruments were large, heavy and power-inefficient, making their application to remote environments extremely challenging. Recent developments in fibre-coupling telescope technology and the availability of ultraviolet light emitting diodes (UV-LEDS) have now allowed us to design and construct a lightweight, portable, low-power LP-DOAS instrument for use at remote locations and specifically for measuring degassing from active volcanic systems. The LP-DOAS was used to measure sulfur dioxide (SO2) emissions from La Fossa crater, Vulcano, Italy, where column densities of up to 1.2 × 1018 molec cm−2 (~ 500 ppmm) were detected along open paths of up to 400 m in total length. The instrument's SO2 detection limit was determined to be 2 × 1016 molec cm−2 (~ 8 ppmm), thereby making quantitative detection of even trace amounts of SO2 possible. The instrument is capable of measuring other volcanic volatile species as well. Though the spectral evaluation of the recorded data showed that chlorine monoxide (ClO) and carbon disulfide (CS2) were both below the instrument's detection limits during the experiment, the upper limits for the X / SO2 ratio (X = ClO, CS2) could be derived, and yielded 2 × 10−3 and 0.1, respectively. The robust design and versatility of the instrument make it a promising tool for monitoring of volcanic degassing and understanding processes in a range of volcanic systems.

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18

Bonasia, Rosanna, Agnese Turchi, Paolo Madonia, Alessandro Fornaciai, Massimiliano Favalli, Andrea Gioia, and Federico Di Traglia. "Modelling Erosion and Floods in Volcanic Environment: The Case Study of the Island of Vulcano (Aeolian Archipelago, Italy)." Sustainability 14, no. 24 (December 9, 2022): 16549. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su142416549.

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The re-mobilization of volcaniclastic material poses a hazard factor which, although it decreases with time since the last eruption, remains present in the hydrographic basins of volcanic areas. Herein, we present the results of the numerical modelling of erosive phenomena of volcanic deposits, as well as of flooding in the volcanic area. The proposed approach includes runoff estimation, land use analysis, and the application of hydraulic and erosion modelling. It exploits the Iber software, a widely used and validated model for rainfall-runoff, river flooding, and erosion and sediment transport modelling. The methodology was applied to the Island of Vulcano (Italy), known for the erosion phenomena that affect the slopes of one of its volcanic cones (La Fossa cone). The rainfall excess was calculated using a 19-year dataset of hourly precipitations, and the curve number expressed by the information on soil cover in the area, derived from the land cover and land use analysis. The erosion and flow models were performed considering different rainfall scenarios. Results show a particularly strong erosion, with thicknesses greater than 0.4 m. This is consistent with field observations, in particular with some detailed data collected both after intense events and by long-term observation. Results of the hydraulic simulations show that moderate and torrential rainfall scenarios can lead to flood levels between 0.2 and 0.6 m, which mostly affect the harbours located in the island’s inhabited area.

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19

DE MARTINI, PAOLO MARCO. "Sand volcanoes induced by the April 6th 2009 Mw 6.3 L’Aquila earthquake: a case study from the Fossa area." Italian Journal of Geosciences, Vol. 131, n. 3 (October 26, 2012): 410–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.3301/ijg.2012.14.

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20

Silvestri, Malvina, Federico Rabuffi, Antonino Pisciotta, Massimo Musacchio, Iole Diliberto, Claudia Spinetti, Valerio Lombardo, Laura Colini, and Maria Buongiorno. "Analysis of Thermal Anomalies in Volcanic Areas Using Multiscale and Multitemporal Monitoring: Vulcano Island Test Case." Remote Sensing 11, no. 2 (January 11, 2019): 134. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs11020134.

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Surface temperatures derived by 208 ASTER and L8 satellite imagery were analysed to test multiscale and multitemporal capability through available sets of thermal data to support the volcanic monitoring of Vulcano Island in Italy. The analysis of thermal historical series derived by ASTER and L8 shows that two are the main thermally active areas: La Fossa crater and the mud pool of Fangaia. In this work we aimed to assess the correlation between the satellite-retrieved temperatures with those measured during the daytime ground field campaign conducted within the same time period and, in particular cases, simultaneously. Moreover, nighttime data acquired by an airborne and field campaign were processed with the same methodology applied to satellite data for a multiscale approach verification. Historical meteorological data acquired from a weather station were also considered. Statistically significant correlations were observed between nighttime acquisitions and meteorological data. Correlations were also significant for temperature measured during the airborne campaign, while differences up to 50% with daytime acquisition during the ground field campaigns were observed. The analysis of the results suggests that within nighttime data acquisition, differences between satellite-derived temperatures and ground temperature measurements are considerably reduced; therefore nighttime data acquisition is recommended to detect thermal anomalies.

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21

Khezhev, Tolya, Asker Ansokov, Ibragim Kerefov, and Rustam Malkarov. "Fiber Foam Tuffcrete Structure and Properties Formation on the Basis of Volcanic Tuff Dusting Waste." Materials Science Forum 1011 (September 2020): 130–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.1011.130.

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The results of studies on the foam concrete and fiber concrete development based on volcanic tuff dusting waste are presented. The foam concrete compositions that can significantly reduce the Portland cement consumption and at the same time increase its strength properties are proposed. To study the dispersed reinforcement parameters’ effect on the properties of fiber-reinforced concrete, an experiment with a second-order composite rotatable plan such as a regular hexagon was conducted. The use of fosta nylon fibers in foam concrete increases their strength properties and positively affects the structure. Dispersed fibers not only reinforce the matrix, but also significantly change its structure indicators, in particular, porosity indicators (uniformity of pore diameter distribution, average pore size), which in turn affects the strength characteristics of the material.

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22

MORI, Shin'ichi, Hiroyuki YAMASHITA, Makoto ARIMA, and Kantaro FUJIOKA. "K-Ar ages of volcanic rocks in the Tanzawa-Oiso area, central Japan: Implication for westward migration of the Pliocene volcanic front in the southern Fossa Magna region." Japanese Magazine of Mineralogical and Petrological Sciences 41, no. 3 (2012): 67–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.2465/gkk.111024.

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23

Nixon, G. T., A. Demant, R. L. Armstrong, and J. E. Harakal. "K-Ar AND GEOLOGIC DATA BEARING ON THE AGE AND EVOLUTION OF THE TRANS-MEXICAN VOLCANIC BELT." Geofísica Internacional 26, no. 1 (January 1, 1987): 109–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.22201/igeof.00167169p.1987.26.1.1191.

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Las fechas K-Ar recientemente obtenidas y publicadas y los mapas geológicos de las partes central y occidental del Cinturón Volcánico Mexicano (CVM) proporcionan una base para examinar la evolución del volcanismo del Cenozoico Tardío en la parte central de México. El arco volcánico moderno, compuesto principalmente de andesita y dacita calci-alcalinas, se formo durante el Cuaternario y su desarrollo está íntimamente conectado con los regímenes contrastantes de subducción de la placa Rivera y la parte norte de la Cocos. Los centros andesíticos mayores en la parte occidental del CVM que yacen sobre la porción subducida de la placa Rivera empezaron a evolucionar entre 0.6 y 0.2 Ma. Sin embargo, en las partes central y oriental del arco, donde está teniendo lugar la subducción de la placa Cocos, la edificación de los conos andesíticos-dacíticos comenzó considerablemente más temprano, aproximadamente 1.7 Ma. La anchura del arco activo por encima de la placa Cocos subducida ha disminuido apreciablemente durante el Cuaternario, de tal manera que el volcanismo andesítico se concentra en la actualidad más cerca de la trinchera. La temprana extinción del volcanismo en la región posterior del arco explica porque los volcanes históricamente activos de encuentran comúnmente en el frente volcánico y porque son ellos los que proporcionan un registro más completo del volcanismo Cuaternario. Sus grandes volúmenes son una consecuencia directa de su longevidad. Las tasas promedio de erupción para los conos cuaternarios mayores se estiman en 0.2 - 0.3 kmÂ³/Ka y no parecen particularmente sensibles a las diferencias en la tasa de subducción. El desarrollo de un sistema de arco calci-alcalino de rumbo E-W en la parte central de México data probablemente del Mioceno Tardío o del Plioceno Temprano. Desde entonces el volcanismo de arco ha migrado hacia la trinchera, llegando a su posición actual hacia la época Cuaternaria Temprana. Las rocas lamprofíricas ricas en K del Plioceno Temprano al Reciente. Que afloran en la fosa de Colima, presentan patrones espacio-tiempo correlativos a los deducidos del volcanismo calci-alcalino contemporáneo y señalan a la subducción como el mecanismo causante común a ambos. El fisuramiento del Plioceno Temprano y la actividad lamprofírica en la fosa de Colima están eslabonados a las etapas tempranas de la formación de una frontera de transformación separando las placas Rivera y Cocos. Al presente, esta transformación sísmicamente activa continua a su subducción por debajo de la fosa de Colima. Las secuencias sódicas alcalinas en la parte más occidental del CVM pueden representar volcanismo de la región posterior del arco o relacionarse con fenómenos poco entendidos que ocurren en la terminación de las zonas de subducción.

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Federico, Cinzia, Ornella Cocina, Salvatore Gambino, Antonio Paonita, Stefano Branca, Mauro Coltelli, Francesco Italiano, et al. "Inferences on the 2021 Ongoing Volcanic Unrest at Vulcano Island (Italy) through a Comprehensive Multidisciplinary Surveillance Network." Remote Sensing 15, no. 5 (March 2, 2023): 1405. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs15051405.

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In September 2021, the La Fossa crater at Vulcano, in Italy, entered a new phase of unrest. We discuss a set of monitoring parameters included in the INGV surveillance network, which closely tracked the sequence of effects related to the crisis. The low-frequency local seismicity sharply increased, while the GPS and tiltmeter networks recorded the inflation of the cone, as an effect of fluid expansion in the hydrothermal system. Gravity variations were probably the effects of fast processes within shallow sources. The anomalies in soil CO2 flux, fumarole temperature, and in plume SO2 flux marked the strong increase in the vapor output from crater fumaroles. The signs of the impending crisis had been evident in the chemical and isotopic composition of fumarole gases since July 2021. These geochemical anomalies were clearly indicative of the enhanced input of gases from a magmatic source. In October, the massive degassing also influenced the areas at the base of the cone. In some areas, soil CO2 degassing and the thermal aquifer recorded strong anomalies. By early November, the crisis reached its acme. Afterward, the monitored parameters started a slow and discontinuous decreasing trend although remaining, some of them, sensibly above the background for several months. The multidisciplinary approach proved decisive for the interpretation of the underlying processes acting in the different phases of the unrest, thus allowing a consistent evaluation of the multiple hazards.

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Mimura, Koji, and Satoru Harayama. "K-Ar age of the volcanic rocks, the sedimentation and the deformation in the Omine Belt, Northern Fossa Magna, central Japan." BULLETIN OF THE GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF JAPAN 53, no. 4 (2002): 439–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.9795/bullgsj.53.439.

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AIZAWA, Masataka, Satoshi OKAMURA, Ryuichi SHINJO, and Toshiro TAKAHASHI. "High-K tholeiitic volcanic rocks of Yoneyama Formation from the northern Fossa Magna, central Japan: Derivative from high water content magma." Japanese Magazine of Mineralogical and Petrological Sciences 48, no. 1 (2019): 1–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.2465/gkk.180602.

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Madonia, Paolo, Marianna Cangemi, Michela Costa, and Ivan Madonia. "Mapping fumarolic fields in volcanic areas: A methodological approach based on the case study of La Fossa cone, Vulcano island (Italy)." Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research 324 (September 2016): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2016.05.014.

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Di Traglia, F., M. Pistolesi, M. Rosi, C. Bonadonna, R. Fusillo, and M. Roverato. "Growth and erosion: The volcanic geology and morphological evolution of La Fossa (Island of Vulcano, Southern Italy) in the last 1000years." Geomorphology 194 (July 2013): 94–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.geomorph.2013.04.018.

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Pesci, Arianna, Giordano Teza, Giuseppe Casula, Massimo Fabris, and Alessandro Bonforte. "Remote Sensing and Geodetic Measurements for Volcanic Slope Monitoring: Surface Variations Measured at Northern Flank of La Fossa Cone (Vulcano Island, Italy)." Remote Sensing 5, no. 5 (May 13, 2013): 2238–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs5052238.

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Morgan, Gareth A., Bruce A. Campbell, Lynn M. Carter, and Jeffrey J. Plaut. "Evidence for the episodic erosion of the Medusae Fossae Formation preserved within the youngest volcanic province on Mars." Geophysical Research Letters 42, no. 18 (September 28, 2015): 7336–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2015gl065017.

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Garavelli, Anna, Daniela Pinto, Donatella Mitolo, and Luca Bindi. "Leguernite, Bi12.67O14(SO4)5, a new Bi oxysulfate from the fumarole deposit of La Fossa crater, Vulcano, Aeolian Islands, Italy." Mineralogical Magazine 78, no. 7 (December 2014): 1629–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1180/minmag.2014.078.7.07.

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AbstractLeguernite, ideally Bi12.67O14(SO4)5, is a new mineral found in high-temperature fumarolic assemblages at La Fossa crater, Vulcano, Aeolian Islands, Italy. It occurs as aggregates of needleshaped crystals associated strictly with anglesite, balićžunićite and an unknown Bi sulfate. Leguernite is colourless to white, transparent, non-fluorescent, has a sub-adamantine lustre and a white streak. Electron microprobe data led to the chemical formula (on the basis of 34 anions p.f.u.) (Bi12.40Pb0.15)Σ=12.55S5.08O34. The calculated density is 7.375 g cm–3. A Raman spectrum collected on a single crystal of leguernite confirmed the anhydrous nature of the mineral.Leguernite is monoclinic, space group P2, with a = 11.2486(11), b = 5.6568(6), c = 11.9139(10) Å , β = 99.177(7)º, V = 748.39(12) Å3 and Z = 1. The crystal structure is built up of Bi–O blocks of a fluorite-like structure with Bi12O14 composition separated by a single sulfate ion along [100] and by Bi(SO4)45– groups along [101]. It can also be described as composed of (001) layers with composition [Bi12O14(SO4)6+]n alternating with layers of composition [Bi(SO4)4]n5– along [001]. Leguernite shows significant similarities with the synthetic Bi14O16(SO4)5 compound.The eight strongest reflections in the powder X-ray diffraction data [d in Å (I) (hkl)] are: 3.220 (100) (013), 3.100 (95) (11), 2.83 (30) (020), 2.931 (25) (302), 2.502 (25) (04), 2.035 (20) (322), 1.875 (20) (24) and 5.040 (15) (110).The name is in honour of Franc¸ois “Fanfan” Le Guern (1942–2011), who was a very active volcanologist and specialist in volcanic gases and sublimates. Both the mineral and the mineral name have been approved by the IMA-CNMNC (2013–051).

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Demartin, F., I. Campostrini, C. Castellano, C. M. Gramaccioli, and M. Russo. "D'ansite-(Mn), Na21Mn2+(SO4)10Cl3 and d'ansite-(Fe), Na21Fe2+(SO4)10Cl3, two new minerals from volcanic fumaroles." Mineralogical Magazine 76, no. 7 (December 2012): 2773–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1180/minmag.2012.076.7.10.

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AbstractThe new minerals d'ansite-(Mn), Na21Mn2+(SO4)10Cl3, and d'ansite-(Fe), Na21Fe2+(SO4)10Cl3, occur as encrustations in fumaroles at Vesuvius, Naples, Italy and La Fossa crater, Vulcano, Aeolian Islands, Italy, respectively. Both minerals are cubic and crystallize in space group I3d. D'ansite-(Mn) forms colourless translucent tristetrahedral crystals up to 0.2 mm on edge; d'ansite-(Fe) forms aggregates of colourless to white complex isometric crystals of about the same size. Chemical analyses obtained by energy-dispersive spectrometry on an electron microprobe gave the following mean compositions: d'ansite-(Mn), Na2O 39.37, MnO 3.46, MgO 0.13, SO3 49.99, Cl 6.36, O=Cl–1.44, total 97.87 wt.%, corresponding to an empirical formula, on the basis of 43 anions, of Na20.61 (Mn2+0.79Mg0.05)Σ0.84S10.13O40.09Cl2.91; and d'ansite-(Fe), Na2O 39.12, FeO 4.18, MgO 0.12, SO3 49.91, Cl 6.81, O=Cl –1.54, total 98.60 wt.%, corresponding to an empirical formula of Na20.42(Fe2+0.94Mg0.05)Σ0.99S10.08O39.89Cl3.11. The six strongest reflections in the X-ray powder diffraction pattern of d'ansite-(Fe) [listed as dobs(Å) (I) (hkl)] are as follows: 2.807(100)(044), 2.570(37)(235), 1.714(29)(129), 3.384(27)(233), 3.113(26)(134), 2.108(15)(237). The unit-cell parameters obtained from single-crystal data are 15.9291(9) and 15.882(3) Å for d'ansite-(Mn) and d'ansite-(Fe), respectively. The structure of both minerals was refined, using single-crystal diffraction data, to final R parameters of 0.0309 and 0.0336 on reflections with I > 2σ(I). The structure contains three independent Na sites, one of which is partially occupied by Mn2+ or Fe2+, two independent sulfate anions and one chlorine site.

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SHIMAZU, MITSUO, YOSHINOBU KAWANO, KIYOSHI KAJI, and SATOSHI IGARASHI. "Chemical compositions and Sr, Nd isotope ratios of gabbroic xenoliths in calc-alkali andesites of Naeba and Torikabuto volcanoes, North Fossa Magna, central Japan." JOURNAL OF MINERALOGY, PETROLOGY AND ECONOMIC GEOLOGY 86, no. 2 (1991): 53–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.2465/ganko.86.53.

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NARITA, Akiyuki, Masatsugu YAMAMOTO, Takahiro SASANUMA, and Hiroaki KOMATSU. "The distributions of two mantle sources based on the Sr-Nd isotopic compositions of late Cenozoic volcanic rocks from the northern Fossa Magna, central Japan." Japanese Magazine of Mineralogical and Petrological Sciences 44, no. 6 (2015): 301–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.2465/gkk.150701.

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NARITA, Akiyuki, Masatsugu YAMAMOTO, Takahiro SASANUMA, and Hiroaki KOMATSU. "Errata: The distributions of two mantle sources based on the Sr-Nd isotopic compositions of late Cenozoic volcanic rocks from the northern Fossa Magna, central Japan." Japanese Magazine of Mineralogical and Petrological Sciences 45, no. 1 (2016): 47. http://dx.doi.org/10.2465/gkk.45.47.

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Bonforte, Alessandro, and Francesco Guglielmino. "Transpressive strain on the Lipari–Vulcano volcanic complex and dynamics of the “La Fossa” cone (Aeolian Islands, Sicily) revealed by GPS surveys on a dense network." Tectonophysics 457, no. 1-2 (September 2008): 64–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tecto.2008.05.016.

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YAGUCHI, MUGA, YOICHI MURAMATSU, HITOSHI CHIBA, FUMIAKI OKUMURA, TAKESHI OHBA, and MASUMI YAMAMURO. "Hydrochemistry and isotopic characteristics of non-volcanic hot springs around the Miocene Kofu granitic complex surrounding the Kofu Basin in the South Fossa Magna region, central Honshu, Japan." GEOCHEMICAL JOURNAL 48, no. 4 (2014): 345–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.2343/geochemj.2.0310.

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Walker, James A., and Esteban Gazel. "Igneous Rock Associations 13. Focusing on the Central American Subduction Zone." Geoscience Canada 41, no. 1 (March 4, 2014): 57. http://dx.doi.org/10.12789/geocanj.2014.41.036.

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Central America has recently been an important focus area for investigations into the complex processes occurring in subduction zones. Here we review some of the new findings concerning subduction input, magma production and evolution, and resultant volcanic output. In the Nicaraguan portion of the subduction zone, subduction input is unusually wet, likely caused by extensive serpentinization of the mantle portion of the incoming plate associated with bending-related faulting seaward of the Middle America trench. The atypical influx of water into the Nicaraguan section of the subduction zone ultimately leads to a regional maximum in the degree of mantle melting. In central Costa Rica, subduction input is also unusual in that it includes oceanic crust flavored by the Galapagos plume. Both of these exotic subduction inputs are recognizable in the compositions of magmas erupted along the volcanic front. In addition, Nicaraguan magmas bear a strong chemical imprint from subducting hemipelagic sediments. The high-field-strength-element depletions of magmas from El Salvador through Costa Rica are related to local variations in the depth to the subducting Cocos plate, and, therefore, to segmentation of the volcanic front. Minor phases, probably amphibole or rutile, control these variable depletions. Silicic magmas erupted along the volcanic front exhibit the same along-arc geochemical variations as their mafic brethren. This and their mantle-like radiogenic isotopic compositions suggest the production of juvenile continental crust all along the Central American subduction zone. Punctuated times of enhanced magmatic input from the mantle may aid in crustal development.SOMMAIREL’Amérique centrale a récemment été le lieu de recherches sur les processus complexes se produisant dans les zones de subduction. Ici nous passons en revue certaines découvertes sur nature des intrants de subduction, la production et l’évolution des magmas, ainsi que les extrants volcaniques résultants. Dans le segment nicaraguayen de la zone de subduction, les intrants de subduction sont exceptionnellement humides, probablement à cause de la serpentinisation généralisée de la portion mantélique de la plaque en subduction, fissurée par flexure dans partie marine de la fosse océanique de l’Amérique centrale. L'afflux atypique en eau dans le segment nicaraguayen de la zone de subduction induit ultimement un maximum régional de la proportion de fusion du manteau. Dans la portion centrale du Costa Rica l’intrant de subduction est lui aussi atypique en ce qu’il comprend une croûte océanique teintée par le panache des Galápagos. Ces deux intrants de subduction atypiques sont répercutés dans la composition des magmas éjectés le long du front volcanique. En outre, les magmas nicaraguayens affichent une forte empreinte chimique héritée des sédiments hémipélagiques en subduction. Les appauvrissements en éléments à fortes liaisons atomiques des magmas, du El Salvador jusqu’au Costa Rica, sont liés à des variations localisées de la profondeur de la plaque en subduction de Cocos, et donc, à la segmentation du front volcanique. Des phases mineures, probablement amphibole et rutile, déterminent ces appauvrissements variables. Les magmas siliceux éjectés le long du même front volcanique montrent les mêmes variations géochimiques le long de l’arc que leur contrepartie mafique. De plus, les compositions radiogéniques de leurs contreparties mantéliques évoquent la production d’une croûte continentale juvénile le long de la zone de subduction de l’Amérique centrale. Des épisodes d’accroissements ponctuels des intrants magmatiques du manteau peuvent contribuer au développement d’une croûte.

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Barosio, Antonio H., and J. F. Valdés Galicia. "Tectonic-structural systems of Mars: Is it possible to use them to reconstruct its thermal evolution?" Geofísica Internacional 43, no. 2 (April 1, 2004): 295–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.22201/igeof.00167169p.2004.43.2.182.

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Este trabajo intenta establecer la posible relación entre los esfuerzos corticales evidenciados por fallamientos mapeados en superficie y la evolución térmica del planeta Marte. Para lograrlo, se hizo una clasificación inicial de los sistemas tectónicoestructurales que aparecen en superficie, los cuales fueron detectados por diversas misiones desde órbita. Esta clasificación se basó en la asociación de los rasgos tectónico-estructurales con rasgos geológicos específicos, lo cual permitió dividirlos en cuatro grandes grupos: I) Fosas y fallas normales distribuidas paralela y radialmente al bulbo volcánico Tharsis. II) Sistemas tectónicos asociados a los volcanes que coronan al bulbo Tharsis, a los montes volcánicos de Elysium y a los alrededores de las cuencas de impacto Isidis, Argyre y Hellas. III) Crestas arrugadas que se extienden por casi todo el planeta. IV) Una serie de crestas secundarias asociadas a la dicotomía cortical. Posteriormente se plantea una reclasificación basada en la extensión superficial y en los posibles procesos geológicos que pudieron haber originado las diferentes estructuras tectónicas. Esta última clasificación permite asociar esfuerzos a procesos geológicos específicos y contempla tres grandes grupos de estructuras: deformaciones locales, regionales y globales. Finalmente se sugieren las posibles causas de los esfuerzos, las cuales incluyen: esfuerzos globales debidos a expansión o contracción térmica, esfuerzos regionales o locales debidos a anomalías térmicas en el manto y a cargas litosféricas, esfuerzos producidos por impactos, entre otros. Esto permitió sugerir una posible evolución térmica que plantea un calentamiento inicial por acreción, seguido de un enfriamiento brusco en un tiempo muy corto y un enfriamiento secular posterior, el cual continúa en el presente.

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Hildebrand, Robert S., and Joseph B. Whalen. "Arc and Slab-Failure Magmatism in Cordilleran Batholiths I – The Cretaceous Coastal Batholith of Peru and its Role in South American Orogenesis and Hemispheric Subduction Flip." Geoscience Canada 41, no. 3 (August 29, 2014): 255. http://dx.doi.org/10.12789/geocanj.2014.41.047.

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We examined the temporal and spatial relations of rock units within the Western Cordillera of Peru where two Cretaceous basins, the Huarmey-Cañete and the West Peruvian Trough, were considered by previous workers to represent western and eastern parts respectively of the same marginal basin. The Huarmey-Cañete Trough, which sits on Mesoproterozoic basement of the Arequipa block, was filled with up to 9 km of Tithonian to Albian tholeiitic–calc-alkaline volcanic and volcaniclastic rocks. It shoaled to subaerial eastward. At 105–101 Ma the rocks were tightly folded and intruded during and just after the deformation by a suite of 103 ± 2 Ma mafic intrusions, and later in the interval 94–82 Ma by probable subduction-related plutons of the Coastal batholith. The West Peruvian Trough, which sits on Paleozoic metamorphic basement, comprised a west-facing siliciclastic-carbonate platform and adjacent basin filled with up to 5 km of sandstone, shale, marl and thinly bedded limestone deposited continuously throughout the Cretaceous. Rocks of the West Peruvian Trough were detached from their basement, folded and thrust eastward during the Late Cretaceous–Early Tertiary. Because the facies and facing directions of the two basins are incompatible, and their development and subjacent basements also distinct, the two basins could not have developed adjacent to one another. Based on thickness, composition and magmatic style, we interpret the magmatism of the Huarmey-Cañete Trough to represent a magmatic arc that shut down at about 105 Ma when the arc collided with an unknown terrane. We relate subsequent magmatism of the early 103 ± 2 Ma syntectonic mafic intrusions and dyke swarms to slab failure. The Huarmey-Cañete-Coastal batholithic block and its Mesoproterozoic basement remained offshore until 77 ± 5 Ma when it collided with, and was emplaced upon, the partially subducted western margin of South America to form the east-vergent Marañon fold–thrust belt. A major pulse of 73–62 Ma plutonism and dyke emplacement followed terminal collision and is interpreted to have been related to slab failure of the west-dipping South American lithosphere. Magmatism, 53 Ma and younger, followed terminal collision and was generated by eastward subduction of Pacific oceanic lithosphere beneath South America. Similar spatial and temporal relations exist over the length of both Americas and represent the terminal collision of an arc-bearing ribbon continent with the Americas during the Late Cretaceous–Early Tertiary Laramide event. It thus separated long-standing westward subduction from the younger period of eastward subduction characteristic of today. We speculate that the Cordilleran Ribbon Continent formed during the Mesozoic over a major zone of downwelling between Tuzo and Jason along the boundary of Panthalassic and Pacific oceanic plates.SOMMAIRENous avons étudié les relations spatiales et temporales des unités de roches dans la portion ouest de la Cordillère du Pérou, où deux bassins crétacés, la fosse d’accumulation de Huarmey-Cañete et la fosse d’accumulation péruvienne de l’ouest, ont été perçues par des auteurs précédents comme les portions ouest et est d’un même bassin de marge. La fosse de Huarmey-Cañete, qui repose sur le socle mésoprotérozoïque du bloc d’Arequipa, a été comblée par des couches de roches volcaniques tholéitiques – calco-alcalines de l’Albien au Thithonien atteignant 9 km d’épaisseur. Vers l’est, l’ensemble a fini par former des hauts fonds. Vers 105 à 101 Ma, les roches ont été plissées fortement puis recoupées par une suite d’intrusions vers 103 ± 2 Ma, durant et juste après la déformation, et plus tard dans l’intervalle 94 – 82 Ma, probablement par des plutons de subduction du batholite côtier. Quant à la fosse d’accumulation péruvienne de l’ouest, elle repose sur un socle métamorphique paléozoïque, et elle est constituée d’une plateforme silicoclastique – carbonate à pente ouest et d’un bassin contigu comblé par des grès, des schistes, des marnes et des calcaires finement laminés atteignant 5 km d’épaisseur et qui se sont déposés en continu durant tout le Crétacé. Les roches de la fosse d’accumulation péruvienne de l’ouest ont été décollées de leur socle, plissées et charriées vers l’est durant la fin du Crétacé et le début du Tertiaire. Parce que les facies et les profondeurs de sédimentation de ces deux fosses d’accumulation dont incompatibles, et que leur développement et leur socle sont différents, ces deux fosses ne peuvent pas s’être développées côte à côte. À cause de l’épaisseur accumulée, de sa composition et du style de son magmatisme, nous pensons que la fosse d’accumulation de Huarmey-Cañete représente un arc magmatique qui s’est éteinte vers 105 Ma, lorsque l’arc est entré en collision avec un terrane inconnu. Nous pensons que le magmatisme subséquent aux premières intrusions mafiques syntectoniques et aux réseaux de dykes de 103 ± 2 Ma sont à mettre au compte d’une rupture de plaque. Le bloc Huarmey-Cañete-batholitique côtier et son socle mésoprotérozoïque sont demeurés au large jusqu’à 77 ± 5 Ma, moment où il est entré en collision et a été poussé par-dessus la marge ouest sud-américaine partiellement subduite, pour ainsi former la zone de chevauchement de vergence est de Marañon. Nous croyons que la séquence majeure de plutonisme et d’intrusion de dykes qui a succédé à la collision finale à 73–62 Ma doit être reliée à une rupture de la plaque lithosphérique sud-américaine à pendage ouest. Le magmatisme de 53 Ma et plus récent qui a succédé à la collision finale, a été généré par la subduction vers l’est de la lithosphère océanique du Pacifique sous l’Amérique du Sud. Des relations temporelles et spatiales similaires qui existent tout le long des deux Amériques représentent la collision terminale d’un ruban continental d’arcs avec les Amériques durant la phase tectonique laramienne de la fin du Crétacé–début du Tertiaire. Elle a donc séparé la subduction vers l’ouest de longue date de la période de subduction vers l’est plus jeune caractérisant la situation actuelle. Nous considérons que le ruban continental de la Cordillère s’est constitué durant le Mésozoïque au-dessus d’une zone majeure de convection descendante entre Tuzo et Jason, le long de la limite entre les plaques océaniques Panthalassique et Pacifique.

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Schoonmaker, Adam, William S. F. Kidd, Stephen E. DeLong, and John F. Bender. "Lawrence Head Volcanics and Dunnage Mélange, Newfoundland Appalachians: Origin by Ordovician Ridge Subduction or in Back-Arc Rift?" Geoscience Canada 41, no. 4 (December 3, 2014): 523. http://dx.doi.org/10.12789/geocanj.2014.41.053.

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This paper reviews the geological setting and reports new geochemical trace element data from the Ordovician Lawrence Head Volcanics (LHV) and the underlying gabbro sills in the Exploits Group. In combination with existing published analyses and ages of these rocks, the volcanic rocks and sills are indistinguishable in composition and age, and the data are consistent with the hypothesis that they represent the same (mostly E-MORB composition) magmatic event in the early–mid Darriwilian (~465 ± 2 Ma). The LHV and their enclosing strata show regional evidence for: 1) upward decline of volume and grain size of arc-derived volcaniclastic materials over the uppermost interval of turbidite sedimentary strata below the LHV; 2) change to shallow marine conditions locally by the end of the LHV event, followed immediately by significant subsidence, and 3) no evidence of coarse-grained clastic input, nor of normal faulting, during or immediately after LHV magmatism. Ridge–trench interaction (ridge subduction) at a subduction system is consistent with all of these features and spatial distribution of related elements, but a rift (back-arc) origin over a subduction zone can only accommodate the compositions, and is inconsistent with the geological evidence. The Dunnage Mélange (DM) has been interpreted either as olistostromal in a developing back-arc rift basin, or as a subduction accretionary prism. Peraluminous intrusions in the mélange (Coaker Porphyry ― CP) are more readily explained by ridge subduction, and a previously reported zircon age (469 ± 4 Ma) is consistent with the age of the LHV and gabbro sills, also interpreted as products of ridge subduction. Localization of the CP in the eastern area of DM, and of most of the large LHV-derived volcanic blocks in the western DM, suggests a slightly younger age, and perhaps a different mechanism, for the origin of the western DM.SOMMAIRECet article passe en revue le contexte géologique et présente de nouvelles données géochimiques d’éléments traces des roches volcaniques ordoviciennes de Lawrence Head (LHV) et des filons-couches de gabbro sous-jacents du Groupe Exploits. Considérant la combinaison des données d’analyse publiées et des datations de ces roches, les roches volcaniques et les filons-couches sont indiscernables tant en composition qu’en âge, et les données sont compatibles avec l’hypothèse selon laquelle ils représentent le même événement magmatique (principalement E-MORB) du Darriwilien précoce à moyen (~465 ± 2 Ma). Les LHV ainsi que les strates de l’encaissant renferment des indices régionaux qui montrent : 1) que le volume et la granulométrie des matériaux volcanoclastiques d’arc diminuent vers le haut dans l’intervalle supérieur des strates de turbidites sédimentaires sous les LHV; 2) que le changement vers des milieux marins peu profonds localement vers la fin de l’événement des LHV a été suivi immédiatement par une subsidence importante, et 3) qu’il n’existe pas d’indices d’apports clastiques à gros grains, non plus que de formation de failles normales, durant ou immédiatement après le magmatisme des LHV. L’interaction crête-fosse (subduction de la crête) au lieu d’un système de subduction concorde avec toutes ces caractéristiques et la répartition spatiale des éléments reliés, alors qu’une origine de crête (arrière-arc) au-dessus d’une zone de subduction ne peut expliquer que les compositions et qu’elle est incompatible avec l’évidence géologique. Le Dunnage Mélange (DM) a été interprété soit comme un olistostome dans un bassin d’arrière-arc en développement, ou comme un prisme d’accrétion de subduction. Les intrusions hyperalumineuses dans le mélange (Porphyre Coaker — CP), s’explique plus facilement par une subduction de crête, et un âge de datation sur zircon de (469 ± 4 Ma) correspond à l’âge des LHV et des filons-couche de gabbro, aussi interprétés comme produits d’une subduction de crête. La localisation du CP dans la portion orientale du DM, et de la majeure partie des grands blocs volcaniques dérivés des LHV de la portion ouest du DM, suggère un âge légèrement plus jeune, et peut-être un mécanisme différent, pour l’origine de la portion ouest du DM.

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Van Staal, Cees R., Alexandre Zagorevski, Vicki J. McNicoll, and Neil Rogers. "Time-Transgressive Salinic and Acadian Orogenesis, Magmatism and Old Red Sandstone Sedimentation in Newfoundland." Geoscience Canada 41, no. 2 (May 7, 2014): 138. http://dx.doi.org/10.12789/geocanj.2014.41.031.

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We propose an intimate relationship between Silurian terrestrial red bed sedimentation (Old Red Sandstone), slab breakoff-related magmatism and deformation in the Newfoundland Appalachians. Red bed sedimentation started during the Early Silurian, and records the progressive rise of the Salinic mountains in the tectonic hinterland of the orogen. The red beds were mainly deposited in molasse-style foreland basins in front of an east-propagating terminal Salinic deformation front. New U–Pb zircon dating of volcanic rocks interlayered with the Silurian red beds in key structural locations yielded ages ranging between 425 and 418 Ma, which, combined with the existing geochronological database, suggests that the sedimentary rocks are progressively younger from west to east and overstep the accreted Gondwana-derived terranes. We propose that deposition of the red beds is a good proxy for the time of cratonization of the accreted terranes. Eastward migration of the Salinic deformation front was accompanied by eastward-widening of a slab-breakoff-related asthenospheric window. The latter is interpreted to have formed due to a combination of progressive steepening of the down-going plate following entrance of the leading edge of the Gander margin and its eduction. Gander margin eduction (reversed subduction) is proposed to have been instigated by the trench migration of the Acadian coastal arc built upon the trailing edge of the Gander margin, which developed contemporaneously with the Salinic collision. The resultant thinning of the lithosphere beneath the Salinic orogen, built upon the leading edge of the Gander margin immediately prior to the onset of the Early Devonian Acadian orogeny, set the stage for generation of the widespread bloom of Acadian magmatism.SOMMAIRENous proposons qu’il y a eu une relation intime entre la sédimentation des couches rouges continentales au Silurien (vieux-grès-rouges), un magmatisme lié à une rupture de segments de croûte, et la déformation appalachienne à Terre-Neuve. La sédimentation des couches rouges qui a débuté au début du Silurien témoigne du soulèvement progressif des monts saliniques de l’arrière-pays tectonique de l’orogène. Les couches rouges se sont déposées sous forme de molasses dans des bassins d’avant-pays, à l’avant du front de déformation salinique terminale qui se déployait vers l’est. De nouvelles datations U-Pb sur zircon de roches volcaniques interstratifiées avec des couches rouges siluriennes en des lieux structurels stratégiques montrent des âges qui varient entre 425 Ma et 418 Ma, ce qui, combiné aux bases de données géochronologiques existantes permet de penser que les roches sédimentaires sont progressivement plus jeunes d’ouest en est, et qu’elles surplombent les terranes accrétés du Gondwana. Nous suggérons que les couches rouges sont de bons indicateurs temporels de la cratonisation des terranes accrétés. La migration vers l’est du front de la déformation salinique a été accompagnée par un élargissement vers l’est d’une fenêtre asthénosphérique liée à une rupture de la croûte. Cette dernière aurait été provoquée par la combinaison de l’enfoncement progressif de la plaque qui a suivi l’entrée du bord d’attaque de la marge de Gander, et son éduction. Nous proposons que l’éduction (l’inverse de la subduction) de la marge de Gander a été provoquée par la migration de la fosse tectonique côtière acadienne, induite par la migration du bord d’attaque de la marge de Gander, contemporaine de la collision salinique. L’amincissement de la lithosphère sous l’orogène salinique qui en a résulté, et qui s’est déployé au bord d’attaque de la marge de Gander juste avant l’enclenchement de l’orogénie acadienne au début du Dévonien, a préparé le terrain du déploiement à grande échelle du magmatisme acadien.

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43

Arkæologisk Selskab, Jysk. "Anmeldelser 2016." Kuml 65, no. 65 (November 25, 2016): 259–358. http://dx.doi.org/10.7146/kuml.v65i65.24836.

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Charlotte Boje Andersen og Jytte Nielsen (red.): Metaldetektiverne. Detektorfund fra Thy og Mors.(Jens Jeppesen)Rainer Atzbach, Lars Meldgaard Sass Jensen & Leif Plith Lauritsen (red.): Castles at War.(Lars Krants)Thomas Bertelsen & Martin Wangsgaard Jürgensen (red.): hikuin 39. Sorø-Studier. Om kirkens og klosterets historie og brug.(Morten Larsen)Margareta Biörnstad: Kulturminnesvård i efterkrigstid – med Riksantikvarieämbetet i centrum.(Ulf Bertilsson)Anders Bøgh, Helle Henningsen og Kristian Dalsgaard (red.): Nørre Vosborg i tid og rum.(Rikke Agnete Olsen)Tom Christensen: Lejre bag myten. De arkæologiske udgravninger.(Lotte Hedeager)Daniel Dübner: Untersuchungen zur Entwiklung und Struktur der frühgeschichtlichen Siedlung Flögeln im Elbe-Weser Dreieck.(Torben Egeberg)Anton Englert: Large Cargo Ships in Danish Waters 1000-1250. Evidence of specialised merchant seafaring prior to the Hanseatic Period.(Otto Uldum)Pernille Foss og Niels Algreen Møller (red.): De dødes landskab. Grav og gravskik i ældre jernalder i Danmark.(Martin Winther Olesen)Catherine Frieman & Berit Valentin Eriksen (eds.): Flint daggers in prehistoric Europe.(Jan Apel)Julia Gräf: Lederfunde der Vorrömischen Eisenzeit und Römischen Kaiserzeit aus Nordwestdeutschland.(Ulla Mannering)Svend Illum Hansen: Jættestuebyggerne. Arkitektur i Danmarks stenalder.(Anne Birgitte Gebauer)Kristina Hegner: Aus Mecklenburgs Kirchen und Klöstern. Der Mittelalterbestand des Staatlichen Museums Schwerin.(Morten Larsen)Christofer Herrmann & Dethard von Winterfeld (Hrsg.): Mittelalterliche Architektur in Polen. Romanische und gotische Baukunst zwischen Oder und Weichsel, Bd. 1-2.(Hans Krongaard Kristensen)Jesper Hjermind & Hugo Støttrup Jensen: Vitskøl Kloster. Den middelalderlige bygningshistorie.(Morten Larsen)Anne Nørgård Jørgensen & Hans Chr.H. Andersen: Ejsbøl Mose. Die Kriegsbeuteopfer im Moor von Ejsbøl aus dem späten 1. Jh.v.Chr. bis zum frühen 5. Jh.n.Chr.(Rasmus Birch Iversen)Hans Krongaard Kristensen: Franciskanerklostret i Horsens.(Martin Wangsgaard Jürgensen)Tenna R. Kristensen (red.): Haderslev – en købstad bliver til. Udgravninger ved Starup og Møllestrømmen.(Hans Krongaard Kristensen)Mette Svart Kristiansen, Else Roesdahl and James Graham-Cambell (eds.): Medieval Archaeology in Scandinavia and Beyond. History, trends and tomorrow.(Axel Christophersen)Ulrik Langen: Tyven. Den utrolige historie om manden, der stjal guldhornene.(Jeanette Varberg)Nina Lau: Das Thorsberger Moor, Band 1: Die Pferdegeschirre. Germanische Zaumzeuge und Sattelgeschirre als Zeugnisse kriegerischer Reiterei im mittel- und nordeuropäischen Barbaricum.Ruth Blankenfeldt: Das Thorsberger Moor, Band 2: Die persönlichen Ausrüstungen. Susana Matešić: Das Thorsberger Moor, Band 3: Die militärische Ausrüstungen. Vergleichende Untersuchungen zur römishcen und germanischen Bewaffnung.Ruth Blankenfeldt, Claus von Carnap-Bornheim, Walter Dörfler, Julia Gräf, Klemens Kelm, Nina Lau & Susana Matešić: Das Thorsberger Moor, Band 4: Fund- und Forschungsgeschichte, naturwissenschaftliche und materialkundliche Untersuchungen. (Xenia Pauli Jensen)Jim Leary: The Remembered Land. Surviving Sea-level Rise after the Last Ice Age.(Peter Moe Astrup)Allan A. Lund: Tacitus – Germania.(Thomas Grane)Jens Christian Moesgaard: King Harold’s Cross Coinage. Christian Coins for the Merchants of Haithabu and the King’s Soldiers.(Jon Anders Risvaag)Viggo Nielsen og Niels-Chr. Clemmensen: Oldtidsagre i Danmark. Fyn og Langeland.(Mette Løvschal)Lis Helles Olesen og Esben Schlosser Mauritsen: Luftfotoarkæologi i Danmark.(Jens Andresen)Teresa Østergaard Pedersen: Sammenlignende vandalisme. Asger Jorn, den nordiske folkekunst og arkæologien.(Inger-Lise Kolstrup)Dalia Anna Pokutta: Population Dynamics, Diet and Migrations of the Unetice Culture in Poland.(Rune Iversen)Felix Riede (ed.): Past Vulnerability. Volcanic eruptions and human vulnerability in traditional societies past and present.(Mads Ravn)Christiane Ruhmann & Vera Brieske (red.): Dying Gods – Religious beliefs in northern and eastern Europe in the time of Christianisation.(Kent O. Laursen)Martin Rundkvist: In the Landscape and Between Worlds. Bronze Age Deposition Sites Around Lakes Mäleren and Hjälmaren in Sweden.(Lise Frost)Olaf Wagener (Hrsg): Arborte im Mittelalter und der Frühen Neuzeit. Bauforschung. Archäologie. Kulturgeschichte.(Lars Meldgaard Sass Jensen)Rainer-Maria Weiss & Anne Klammt (Hrsg.): Mythos Hammaburg. Archäologische Entdeckungen zu den Anfängen Hamburgs.(Silke Eisenschmidt)

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44

Inguaggiato, Salvatore, Fabio Vita, Iole Serena Diliberto, Claudio Inguaggiato, Agnes Mazot, Marianna Cangemi, and Marco Corrao. "The volcanic activity changes occurred in the 2021–2022 at Vulcano island (Italy), inferred by the abrupt variations of soil CO2 output." Scientific Reports 12, no. 1 (December 7, 2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-25435-4.

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AbstractThe active cone of La Fossa is a close conduit volcano characterized by solphataric activity, manifested by discharging fluids through fumaroles and soil degassing. Since 1978 several degassing crises have been observed and interpreted as early signals of volcanic unrests. Recently, from June 2021 to May 2022, we measured the changes in soils CO2 release to evaluating the level and duration of the actual exhaling crises. The CO2 output has been evaluated by surveys carried out in anomalously degassing areas, located both in the La Fossa cone summit area and in other peripheral zones, coupled to near-real time monitoring data acquired by three automated stations. The strong and deep input of volatiles released from an underlying magma batch modified the chemical composition of the shallow plumbing system, bringing the system to a higher level of CO2 total pressure. This work highlights that a geochemical networks of stations, located at some distance from the fumaroles release and/or from eruptive conduits, is useful and can be applied to characterizing and monitoring any other active volcanic system. This type of studies can be useful to contribute to forecast the next evolution of the studied systems.

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Fabio Vita, Salvatore Inguaggiato, Nicole Bobrowski, Lorenzo Calderone, Bo Galle, and Francesco Parello. "Continuous SO2 flux measurements for Vulcano Island, Italy." Annals of Geophysics 55, no. 2 (June 5, 2012). http://dx.doi.org/10.4401/ag-5759.

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<p>The La Fossa cone of Vulcano Island (Aeolian Archipelago, Italy) is a closed conduit volcano. Today, Vulcano Island is characterized by sulfataric activity, with a large fumarolic field that is mainly located in the summit area. A scanning differential optical absorption spectroscopy instrument designed by the Optical Sensing Group of Chalmers University of Technology in Göteborg, Sweden, was installed in the framework of the European project "Network for Observation of Volcanic and Atmospheric Change", in March 2008. This study presents the first dataset of SO<sub>2</sub> plume fluxes recorded for a closed volcanic system. Between 2008 and 2010, the SO<sub>2</sub> fluxes recorded showed average values of 12 t.d<sup>–1</sup> during the normal sulfataric activity of Vulcano Island, with one exceptional event of strong degassing that occurred between September and December, 2009, when the SO<sub>2</sub> emissions reached up to 100 t.d<sup>–1</sup>.</p>

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46

Costa, Simone, Paolo Fulignati, Anna Gioncada, Marco Pistolesi, Delphine Bosch, and Olivier Bruguier. "Tracking metal evolution in arc magmas: Insights from the active volcano of La Fossa, Italy." Lithos, October 2020, 105851. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.lithos.2020.105851.

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47

Nadeau, Olivier, Emily Mick, Philippe Robidoux, Fausto Grassa, Lorenzo Brusca, Alexandre Voinot, and Matthew I. Leybourne. "Lithium isotopes and Cu-Au concentrations in hydrothermal alterations from Solfatara Volcano, Campi Flegrei caldera complex, and La Fossa volcano, Vulcano Island, Italy: Insights into epithermal ore forming environments." Ore Geology Reviews, December 2020, 103934. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.oregeorev.2020.103934.

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48

Leask, Harald J., Lionel Wilson, and Karl L. Mitchell. "Formation of Mangala Fossa, the source of the Mangala Valles, Mars: Morphological development as a result of volcano-cryosphere interactions." Journal of Geophysical Research 112, E2 (February 24, 2007). http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2005je002644.

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49

Costa, S., M. Masotta, A. Gioncada, M. Pistolesi, D. Bosch, and P. Scarlato. "Magma evolution at La Fossa volcano (Vulcano Island, Italy) in the last 1000 years: evidence from eruptive products and temperature gradient experiments." Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 175, no. 4 (March 16, 2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00410-020-1669-0.

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Aiuppa, Alessandro, Marcello Bitetto, Sergio Calabrese, Dario Delle Donne, Joao Lages, Francesco Paolo La Monica, Giovanni Chiodini, et al. "Mafic magma feeds degassing unrest at Vulcano Island, Italy." Communications Earth & Environment 3, no. 1 (October 29, 2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s43247-022-00589-1.

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AbstractThe benign fuming activity of dormant volcanoes is punctuated by phases of escalating degassing activity that, on some occasions, ultimately prelude to eruption. However, understanding the drivers of such unrest is complicated by complex interplay between magmatic and hydrothermal processes. Some of the most comprehensively characterised degassing unrest have recently been observed at La Fossa cone on Vulcano Island, but whether or not these episodes involve new, volatile-rich ascending magma remains debated. Here, we use volcanic gas measurements, in combination with melt inclusion information, to propose that heightened sulphur dioxide flux during the intense fall 2021 La Fossa unrest is sourced by degassing of volatile-rich mafic magma. Calculations using a numerical model indicate observations are consistent with the unrest being triggered by the emplacement of ∼3·106 m3 of mafic magma at ∼4–5 km depth. Degassing of mafic magma is argued as a recurrent driver of unrest at dormant volcanoes worldwide.

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