Книги: "Knowledge accumulation"

1

Mazzucato, Mariana, and Giovanni Dosi, eds. Knowledge Accumulation and Industry Evolution. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cbo9780511493232.

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2

Dan, Ben-David. Knowledge dissemination, capital accumulation, trade and endogenous growth. London: Centre for Economic Policy Research, 1996.

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3

Padoan, Pier Carlo. Trade and the accumulation and diffusion of knowledge. Washington, DC: World Bank, International Economics Department, International Trade Division, 1996.

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4

1968-, Mazzucato Mariana, and Dosi Giovanni 1953-, eds. Knowledge accumulation and industry evolution: The case of pharma-biotech. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 2006.

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5

1959-, Kim Yun-jo, and Chin Chae-gyo, eds. 19-segi kyŏnmun chisik ŭi ch'ukchŏk kwa chisik ŭi t'ansaeng: Chisu yŏmp'il = Accumulation of audio-visual information and birth of knowledge in the 19th century : Jisuyeompil. Sŏul-si: Somyŏng Ch'ulp'an, 2013.

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6

Kamp, David. The food snob's dictionary: An essential lexicon of gastronomical knowledge : food snob n: reference term for the sort of food obsessive for whom the actual joy of eating and cooking is but a side dish to the accumulation of arcane knowledge about these subjects. New York: Broadway Books, 2007.

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7

Kamp, David. The food snob's dictionary: An essential lexicon of gastronomical knowledge : food snob n: reference term for the sort of food obsessive for whom the actual joy of eating and cooking is but a side dish to the accumulation of arcane knowledge about these subjects. New York: Broadway Books, 2007.

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8

Pikovskiy, Yuriy. Mineral oil: the development of ideas about the inorganic origin of oil and gas deposits. ru: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1206680.

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The widely accepted theory of the organic origin of oil and gas accumulations is practically not used to select promising areas and places for exploratory drilling. This makes us pay close attention to the alternative mineral concept of the genesis of these minerals. The purpose of the book is to show how ideas about the deep inorganic origin of accumulations of oil and hydrocarbon gas developed from antiquity to modern times, before the creation of modern mineral theory. The importance of mineral theory for forecasting large oil and gas fields, as well as for optimizing oil and gas geoecology is shown. For a wide range of readers interested in the origin of oil and gas fields, as well as the history of the development of this field of knowledge.

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9

Padoan, Carlo Pier. Trade and the Accumulation and Diffusion of Knowledge. The World Bank, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1596/1813-9450-1679.

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10

Dutrénit, G. Learning and Knowledge Management in the Firm: From Knowledge Accumulation to Strategic Capabilities. Elgar Publishing Limited, Edward, 2000.

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11

Mazzucato, Mariana, and Giovanni Dosi. Knowledge Accumulation and Industry Evolution: The Case of Pharma-Biotech. Cambridge University Press, 2009.

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12

Mazzucato, Mariana, and Giovanni Dosi. Knowledge Accumulation and Industry Evolution: The Case of Pharma-Biotech. Cambridge University Press, 2006.

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13

(Editor), Mariana Mazzucato, and Giovanni Dosi (Editor), eds. Knowledge Accumulation and Industry Evolution: The Case of Pharma-Biotech. Cambridge University Press, 2006.

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14

Mazzucato, Mariana, and Giovanni Dosi. Knowledge Accumulation and Industry Evolution: The Case of Pharma-Biotech. Cambridge University Press, 2009.

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15

Mazzucato, Mariana, and Giovanni Dosi. Knowledge Accumulation and Industry Evolution: The Case of Pharma-Biotech. Cambridge University Press, 2006.

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16

Mazzucato, Mariana, and Giovanni Dosi. Knowledge Accumulation and Industry Evolution: The Case of Pharma-Biotech. Cambridge University Press, 2006.

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17

(Editor), Caroline Baillie, Elizabeth Dunn (Editor), and Yi Zheng (Editor), eds. Travelling Facts: The Social Construction, Distribution, and Accumulation of Knowledge. Campus Verlag, 2006.

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18

Learning and Knowledge Management in the Firm: From Knowledge Accumulation to Strategic Capabilities (New Horizons in the Economics of Innovation). Edward Elgar Publishing, 2000.

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19

LOVER, Flower Notebook QUOTES. Accumulation of Cultural Capital - the Acquisition of Knowledge - Is the Key to Social Mobility. -Michael Gove. Independently Published, 2020.

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20

Leontyeva, Anna A., and Ksenia V. Melchakova, eds. A Stranger’s Gaze: Diplomats, Journalists, Scholars — Travellers between East and West from the Eighteenth Century to the Twenty-First. Institute of Slavic Studies, Russian Academy of Sciences; Nestor-Istoriia, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.31168/4469-1767-9.

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This collective monograph deals with the evolution of, and growing complexity in, the collection and analysis of information about the peoples and countries of East and West from the dawn of modernity to the present day. Chapters of the monograph reconstruct the biographies and careers of the main actors involved in cross-cultural dialog, such as diplomats, journalists, and scholars, who contributed to the accumulation of knowledge about political systems, methods of economic management, warfare, and the cultural achievements of the peoples of East and West. Furthermore, it explores the contribution of diplomatic and consular services to the collection, accumulation, and scrutiny of information regarding natural conditions, economics, population, social and political systems, and culture. Special attention is paid to the impact of journalism on public opinion and the spread of trustworthy and unreliable information.

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21

Peach, Ken. Science, Research, Development and Scholarship. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198796077.003.0002.

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This chapter defines the domain of science, research, development and scholarship. Science is the established knowledge; research is the process by which the scientific domain is extended. ‘Managing science’ means first ‘managing scientific research’–the process of discovering new facts and phenomena. However, the knowledge itself may not be immediately useful–to become useful requires development. While scholarship is more difficult to define, one way to describe it that it is the systematic accumulation of knowledge about knowledge (of something). This chapter makes the case for science across the whole domain, including ‘blue skies’ research. It also discusses the importance of mathematics and the costs of science.

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22

Carrier, Martin. Social Organization of Science. Edited by Paul Humphreys. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199368815.013.43.

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The social organization of science as a topic of philosophy of science mostly concerns the question of which kinds of social organization are most beneficial to the epistemic aspirations of science. Section 1 addresses the interaction among scientists for improving epistemic qualities of knowledge claims in contrast to the mere accumulation of contributions from several scientists. Section 2 deals with the principles that are supposed to organize this interaction among scientists such that well-tested and well-confirmed knowledge is produced. Section 3 outlines what is supposed to glue scientific communities together and how society at large is assumed to affect the social organization of these communities. Section 4 attends to social epistemology (i.e., to attempts to explore the influence of social roles and characteristics on the system of scientific knowledge and confirmation practices).

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23

Bird, Alexander. Scientific Progress. Edited by Paul Humphreys. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199368815.013.29.

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What constitutes scientific progress? This article considers and evaluates three competing answers to this question. These seek to understand scientific progress in terms of problem-solving, of truthlikeness/verisimilitude, and of knowledge, respectively. How does each fare, taking into consideration the fact that the history of science involves disruptive change, not merely the addition of new beliefs to old beliefs, and the fact that sometimes the history of such changes involves a sequence of theories, all of which are believed to be false, even by scientific realists? The three answers are also evaluated with regard to how they assess certain real and hypothetical scientific changes. Also considered are the three views of the goal of science implicit in the three answers. The view that the goal of science is knowledge and that progress is constituted by the accumulation of knowledge is argued to be preferable to its competitors.

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24

McDougal, Topher L. Stateless State-Led Industrialization. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198792598.003.0004.

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What befalls economies that descend into violence? This chapter suggests that the splintered trade networks described in Chapter 2 effectively forced firms in Liberia to localize many of their inputs and to internalize many of the functions that would otherwise be external—imitating the effects of import-substitution and state-led industrialization policies. Specifically, the war economy in Liberia mimicked import tariffs, localized the staffs of many companies, raised local content in products, and even spurred technical learning and knowledge accumulation. In calling attention to ways in which violence localized supply chains, this chapter suggests that the interplay between violent predation is itself a reaction to the structure of global value chains.

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25

Schlumberger, Oliver. Authoritarian Regimes. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199935307.013.18.

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This article first discusses the term “authoritarian regimes” and makes a claim for studying such regimes. An overview of the young but burgeoning research on authoritarian regimes structures the field in eight thematic clusters: (1) typological efforts and regime characteristics such as coalition formation and origins, (2) institutionalist approaches, (3) state-society relations beyond formal institutions, (4) repression, (5) political economy approaches, (6) international dimensions, (7) performance, and (8) linking the concepts of regimes and states. Although this wave of research has been extremely prolific, it still remains unsystematic and disparate in various regards. It is therefore necessary for this field of research to consolidate and thereby to contribute to genuine knowledge accumulation.

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26

Mughal, Tariq I., and Tiziano Barbui, eds. Oxford Specialist Handbook: Myeloproliferative Neoplasms. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198744214.001.0001.

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Our understanding of myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN) disorders, a group of clonal haematological malignancies characterized by excessive accumulation of one or more myeloid cell lineages, has grown considerably over the past four decades. Even more importantly is the speed at which many of these findings were translated to accord survival benefits to our patients with MPN, in particular chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML), polycythaemia vera (PV), essential thrombocythaemia (ET), and primary myelofibrosis (PMF). This text offers a detailed evidence-based guide to MPN in an easily accessible format, structure to facilitate learning specialist information presenting core information in ‘bite size’ chunks. Each chapter summarizes the state-of-the art preclinical and clinical knowledge, and its impact on the clinical management of patients with MPN.

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27

Hoinski, Ronald, and Ronald Polansky. The Modern Aristotle: Michael Polanyi’s Search for Truth against Nihilism. Edinburgh University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/edinburgh/9781474412094.003.0010.

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David Hoinski and Ronald Polansky’s “The Modern Aristotle: Michael Polanyi’s Search for Truth against Nihilism” shows how the general tendencies of contemporary philosophy of science disclose a return to the Aristotelian emphasis on both the formation of dispositions to know and the role of the mind in theoretical science. Focusing on a comparison of Michael Polanyi and Aristotle, Hoinski and Polansky investigate to what degree Aristotelian thought retains its purchase on reality in the face of the changes wrought by modern science. Polanyi’s approach relies on several Aristotelian assumptions, including the naturalness of the human desire to know, the institutional and personal basis for the accumulation of knowledge, and the endorsement of realism against objectivism. Hoinski and Polansky emphasize the promise of Polanyi’s neo-Aristotelian framework, which argues that science is won through reflection on reality.

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28

Hofmann, Christian, and Laurence van Lent. Organizational Design and Control Choices. Edited by Michael A. Hitt, Susan E. Jackson, Salvador Carmona, Leonard Bierman, Christina E. Shalley, and Douglas Michael Wright. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190650230.013.10.

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Building on new insights from organizational economics, management accounting researchers have highlighted how incentive contracts and performance measure choices complement structural arrangements in firms. We discuss how “slow-moving” elements in organizational design, such as the allocation of decision rights to local managers and interdependencies between different parts of the production function, affect the working of incentives and performance measures. We pay attention to the empirical challenges that researchers face in this area and argues that mixed-method approaches in which economic models are combined with empirical evidence can help to build a body of evidence that is robust and admits cross-study accumulation of knowledge. Finally, we illustrate how recent economic models that incorporate other-regarding preferences can help to bridge the gap between economics-based research in management accounting and more traditional approaches that rely on the behavioral sciences.

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29

Nathan, Marco J. Black Boxes. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190095482.001.0001.

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Textbooks and other popular venues commonly present science as a progressive “brick-by-brick” accumulation of knowledge and facts. Despite its hallowed history and familiar ring, this depiction is nowadays rejected by most specialists. Then why are books and articles, written by these same experts, actively promoting such a distorted characterization? The short answer is that no better alternative is available. There currently are two competing models of the scientific enterprise: reductionism and antireductionism. Neither provides an accurate depiction of the productive interaction between knowledge and ignorance, supplanting the old metaphor of the “wall” of knowledge. This book explores an original conception of the nature and advancement of science. The proposed shift brings attention to a prominent, albeit often neglected, construct—the black box—which underlies a well-oiled technique for incorporating a productive role of ignorance and failure into the acquisition of empirical knowledge. What is a black box? How does it work? How is it constructed? How does one determine what to include and what to leave out? What role do boxes play in contemporary scientific practice? By detailing some fascinating episodes in the history of biology, psychology, and economics, Nathan revisits foundational questions about causation, explanation, emergence, and progress, showing how the insights of both reductionism and antireductionism can be reconciled into a fresh and exciting approach to science.

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30

Lynch, Patrick, Amanda Lawrence, Guy Chatel, and Kersten Geers. OASE 79 : The Architecture of James Stirling 1964-1992: A Non-Dogmatic Accumulation of Formal Knowlegde. nai010 publishers, 2010.

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31

Isaacson, Nathaniel. Orientalism, Scientific Practice, and Popular Culture in Late Qing China. Edited by Carlos Rojas and Andrea Bachner. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199383313.013.4.

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As the sequel to a translation of a translation, Xu Nianci’s “New Tales of Mr. Braggadocio” is a case study in the linguistic negotiations central to Lydia Liu’s reflections on translation. The story is marked by a double consciousness through which the narrator’s body and soul explore alternate explanations for evolution and scientific knowledge, thus engaging in many of the thematic and historical hallmarks of colonial modernity, situated at the junction of a number of intellectual realms. Thematically and linguistically, the text suggests a number of potential points of resistance to western epistemology, attempting to subsume science under the umbrella of Daoist cosmology. Especially prominent in the story is the degree to which the narrator’s resistance to Western science contrasts with his ready appropriation of the tenets of capitalist accumulation of wealth as his success in perfecting the techniques of “brain electricity” ultimately results in a global economic crisis.

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32

Di Paolo, Ezequiel A., Thomas Buhrmann, and Xabier E. Barandiaran. Mastery: learning to act and perceive. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198786849.003.0004.

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If action and perception depend on the mastery of the laws of sensorimotor contingencies, then any theory of cognition that starts from this premise will not be complete unless it offers an explanation of how such mastery is achieved and of what exactly constitutes it. This chapter takes inspiration from Piaget’s theory of equilibration to develop an account of mastery as the progressive growth and refinement of an agent’s sensorimotor repertoire, involving processes of assimilation and accommodation. A new interpretation is provided of these Piagetian concepts in dynamical systems terms. The resulting theory holds that mastery of sensorimotor skills is both world-involving and nonrepresentational. Mastery does not consist in the accumulation of knowledge about the sensorimotor regularities that the agent is able to enact; rather, it is the ongoing process of equilibration by which the agent continuously adapts to new challenges presented to her by the world.

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33

Shammas, Carole. Standard of Living, Consumption, and Political Economy Over the Past 500 Years. Edited by Frank Trentmann. Oxford University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199561216.013.0011.

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The phrase ‘standard of living’ is closely identified with a more-than-century-long debate in both the popular press and academic journals about the effects of the early stages of industrialization on the working class, especially in nineteenth-century Britain. This article explores when and why the consumption of material goods became the measure of the ‘standard of living’, and, secondly, what has led to its displacement in more recent times. These shifts provide insight into changing assumptions about the desirability of household accumulation. The article tracks the state of our knowledge about transformations in living standards from the early modern period on, and examines whether a longer and broad historical view has demoted industrialization as a causal factor. It looks at the promotion of well-being by limiting consumption, political economy and the emergence of a standard of living debate, human capital, public goods, poverty lines, and consumer sovereignty.

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34

Barbiellini Amidei, Federico, John Cantwell, and Anna Spadavecchia. Innovation and Foreign Technology. Edited by Gianni Toniolo. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199936694.013.0014.

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The chapter explores the long-run evolution of Italy's performance in technological innovation as a function of international technology transfer, reconstructing the different phases and dimensions of Italian innovative activity, tracking the transfer of foreign technological knowledge through a number of channels, analyzing the impact of imported technology. The study is based on a newly constructed dataset, over the 1861-2009 period, composed of variables related to innovation activity performance, foreign technology transfer, and domestic absorptive and innovative capability. The analysis highlights, also by econometric assessment, the significant contribution of foreign technology to innovation activity results. Machinery imports and the accumulation of technical human capital contributed positively to innovation activity; inward FDI contributed positively to productivity growth, but not to indigenous innovation activity results. Differences across channels of technology transfer and historical phases emerge, also in connection with the evolution of human capital endowment and domestic innovative capacity.

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35

Oberlechner, Manfred, and Robert Schneider-Reisinger, eds. Fluidität bildet. Nomos Verlagsgesellschaft mbH & Co. KG, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.5771/9783845289946.

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The term ‘education’ refers to the examination of subjects that are relevant to education by an individual and their environment, to the establishment of relationships and limits that occurs during that examination process and, in this respect in particular, to the question of ‘educational fluid’ on the one hand and fluidity as a characteristic of educational processes and fields on the other. If education is thought to be ‘fluid’, it cannot be used as solid ‘capital’ in a steady process of (power accumulation and) growth, as anything fluid can neither be cumulated nor added up. Does this fluidity thesis for education possibly offer us the chance of a departure from the logic of capitalisation, utilisation and growth of and through education? How can a knowledge-based society which views itself as ‘fluid’ be conceived? With contributions by Florian Dobmeier, Sebastian Engelmann, André Epp, Dominik Farrenberg, Nina Grünberger, Raffael Hiden, Juliane Noack Napoles, Manfred Oberlechner, Guido Pollak, Anke Redecker, Thomas Rucker, Robert Schneider-Reisinger, Andreas Spengler, Gabriele Sorgo, Birke Sturm

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36

Applied crop physiology: understanding the fundamentals of grain crop management. Wallingford: CABI, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789245950.0000.

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Abstract This book contains 5 chapters that presents a simple, straightforward discussion of the principles and processes involved in the production of grain yield by agronomic crops, and how these processes underlie and influence management decisions. The focus is on grain crops, principally maize and soybean, although the general principles apply equally well to cereals, grain legumes and oil crops. Management decisions define all cropping systems - what (crop species, variety), where (climate), when (planting date), and how (row spacing and population density) are the fundamental choices. Knowledge of the fundamental processes responsible for plant growth and the accumulation of yield simplifies the decision-making process and leads to improved management decisions, higher grain yields, and cropping systems that are efficient, resilient and sustainable. The contents include basic plant growth processes (e.g. photosynthesis, respiration, evapotranspiration); growth and production of yield; crop management (seed quality, variety selection, planting date, row spacing); and crop production in the future (climate change, GMOs, precision agriculture and new crops). This books is intended for researchers in crop science, agronomy and plant science, and crop production practitioners. This book will enable readers to make better, more informed management decisions; decisions that will help maintain a well-fed world in the future.

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37

Barkin, J. Samuel, and Laura Sjoberg. International Relations' Last Synthesis? Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190463427.001.0001.

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Many scholars, intentionally or unintentionally, have entangled constructivisms and critical theories in problematic ways, either by assigning a critical-theoretical politics to constructivisms or by assuming the appropriateness of constructivist epistemology and methods for critical theorizing. This book makes the argument that these connections mirror the grand theoretical syntheses of International Relations (IR) in the 1980s and 1990s, and have similar constraining effects on the possibilities of International Relations theory. These connections have been made without adequate reflection, in contradiction to the base assumptions of each theoretical perspective, and to the detriment of both knowledge accumulation about global politics and theoretical rigor in disciplinary International Relations. It is not that constructivisms and critical theories have no common ground but instead that the overstatement of their common ground that has become routine among International Relations scholars is counterproductive to the discovery and utilization of their potential dialogues. To that end, this book argues that scholars using the two in conjunction should be cognizant of, rather than gloss over, the tensions between them as approaches and the different tools they have to offer. Along these lines, the book uses the concept of affordances to look at what each has to offer the other, and to argue for a modest, reflective, specified return to (constructivist and critical) International Relations theorizing that has the potential to revive International Relations theorizing by rejecting its oversimple syntheses.

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38

Absalom, Anthony, and John Sear. Intravenous anaesthetics. Edited by Michel M. R. F. Struys. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199642045.003.0015.

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In recent decades, increasing attention has been focused on the intravenous anaesthetic agents. This interest has been stimulated by the discovery and availability of agents with increasingly favourable pharmacokinetic and dynamic properties, coupled with advances in knowledge of pharmacology and advances in computer technology. For most patients and operative procedures, anaesthesia is induced with a bolus or fast infusion of a short-acting drug, most commonly propofol. Increasingly, anaesthesia is thereafter also maintained with an infusion of an agent with favourable kinetics, again usually of propofol, commonly supplemented with boluses or infusions of opioids. Propofol is also commonly used for procedural and intensive care sedation. It has highly favourable pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics for these applications as sedative or hypnotic agent—rapid, smooth onset, minimal accumulation, and rapid smooth offset of effect—but is by no means an ideal agent. In some specific situations, such as when its haemodynamic or respiratory effects are detrimental, use of alternative agents such as ketamine and etomidate are warranted. All the currently available agents have adverse effects, some of which are related to the active compound and some of which are related to the vehicle. Efforts are thus being made to develop new formulations, with fewer adverse effects, and to develop newer and better drugs. In the future we are also likely to see increasing use of older agents, but for newer indications (such as the use of ketamine as an antidepressant).

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39

Ong, Soon Keong. Coming Home to a Foreign Country. Cornell University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.7591/cornell/9781501756184.001.0001.

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This book explores the unique position of the treaty port Xiamen (Amoy) within the China–Southeast Asia migrant circuit and examines its role in the creation of Chinese diasporas. The book addresses how migration affected those who moved out of China and later returned to participate in the city's economic revitalization, educational advancement, and urban reconstruction. It shows how the mobility of overseas Chinese allowed them to shape their personal and community identities for pragmatic and political gains. This resulted in migrants who returned with new money, knowledge, and visions acquired abroad, which changed the landscape of their homeland and the lives of those who stayed. Placing late Qing and Republican China in a transnational context, the book explores the multilayered social and cultural interactions between China and Southeast Asia. It investigates the role of Xiamen in the creation of a China–Southeast Asia migrant circuit; the activities of aspiring and returned migrants in Xiamen; the accumulation and manipulation of multiple identities by Southeast Asian Chinese as political conditions changed; and the motivations behind the return of Southeast Asian Chinese and their continual involvement in mainland Chinese affairs. For Chinese migrants, the book argues, the idea of “home” was something consciously constructed. The book complicates familiar narratives of Chinese history to show how the emigration and return of overseas Chinese helped transform Xiamen from a marginal trading outpost at the edge of the Chinese empire to a modern, prosperous city and one of the most important migration hubs by the 1930s.

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40

HEARTS in the Americas: Guide and Essentials for Implementation. Pan American Health Organization, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37774/9789275125281.

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The World Health Organization (WHO) launched the Global Hearts Initiative and its HEARTS Technical Package in 2016. Its aim is to improve clinical preventive services in primary health care (PHC) using highly effective, scalable, sustainable, and proven interventions. As the WHO Regional Office for the Americas, the Pan American Health Organization (PAHO) is developing and coordinating the HEARTS in the Americas Initiative with a clear vision: By 2025, HEARTS will be the institutionalized model for cardiovascular disease risk management, including hypertension, diabetes, and dyslipidemia in primary health care in the Americas. The HEARTS in the Americas Initiative is entering its sixth year of implementation, having expanded from the original cohort of 4 countries to 22 current countries implementing the HEARTS model. The accumulation of knowledge, practices, and experiences from the field and from different levels of implementation has been compiled in this new Guide and Essentials for Implementation. This manual complements the WHO HEARTS technical package Implementation Guide. Expanding on specific lessons learned from the systematic implementation of HEARTS in the Americas as it spans various roles and requires coordination across ministry of health (MOH) departments, stakeholders, partner agencies, scientific societies, and academic institutions. Documenting the implementation and scale-up experiences of countries in the Americas is timely to propel forward the institutionalization of the HEARTS model for cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk management, including hypertension, diabetes, and dyslipidemia in PHC in the Americas by 2025. This manual is designed to be practical and user-friendly. It aims to guide implementers at national and subnational levels to navigate throughout different stages of implementation and to ensure longtime sustainability. The manual is written for national focal points, managers and coordinators at subregional, provincial, district, municipal level, and health facilities implementing HEARTS. It is intended to answer frequently asked questions about the premises, objectives, components, and steps for implementation of the HEARTS in the Americas Initiative.

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41

van der Burg, Jorien M. M., N. Ahmad Aziz, and Maria Björkqvist. Peripheral Pathology. Oxford University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199929146.003.0014.

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Clinicians and researchers have previously focused on the neurologic and psychiatric aspects of Huntington’s disease (HD). However, it is becoming evident that many neurodegenerative disorders are also complicated by pathology in tissues outside the brain. Although many clinical features of HD can be ascribed to neuronal loss and dysfunction, there is accumulating evidence indicating a role for the pathology of non-neuronal tissues in the disease process. Mutant huntingtin is expressed throughout the body and may induce pathology in parallel in both the brain and other organs. Insights into peripheral pathology in HD have the potential of improving knowledge of key pathogenic mechanisms. This chapter describes peripheral manifestations of HD, including weight loss, muscle wasting, and cardiac dysfunction, and discusses how these might constitute targets for drug treatment as well as offering disease modeling systems and potential sources of biomarkers.

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42

Lemons, Don S., William R. Shanahan, and Louis J. Buchholtz. On the Trail of Blackbody Radiation. The MIT Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.7551/mitpress/14416.001.0001.

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An account of Max Planck's construction of his theory of blackbody radiation, summarizing the established physics on which he drew. In the last year of the nineteenth century, Max Planck constructed a theory of blackbody radiation—the radiation emitted and absorbed by nonreflective bodies in thermal equilibrium with one another—and his work ushered in the quantum revolution in physics. In this book, three physicists trace Planck's discovery. They follow the trail of Planck's thinking by constructing a textbook of sorts that summarizes the established physics on which he drew. By offering this account, the authors explore not only how Planck deployed his considerable knowledge of the physics of his era but also how Einstein and others used and interpreted Planck's work. Planck did not set out to lay the foundation for the quantum revolution but to study a universal phenomenon for which empirical evidence had been accumulating since the late 1850s. The authors explain the nineteenth-century concepts that informed Planck's discovery, including electromagnetism, thermodynamics, and statistical mechanics. In addition, the book offers the first translations of important papers by Ludwig Boltzmann and Wilhelm Wien on which Planck's work depended.

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43

Tyutkova, Irina, Ismail Baykhanov, and Yulia Laamarti, eds. INTERNATIONAL BEST PRACTISES OF PEDAGOGICAL ACTIVITY: EXPERIENCE, RISKS, PROSPECTS. EurAsian Scientific Editions, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.56948/ugdg6356.

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The modernisation of contemporary Russian higher pedagogical education places special demands on training of a competent specialist having outspoken professional position, well-formed readiness to adapt to the labour market, capable of self-development and educating learners in the conditions of rapidly changing reality. The formation of such personality is possible in the educational space of a university, being characterised by the unity of learners’ classroom and extracurricular activities, coordinated interaction of all participants of pedagogical process aimed at solving the common goal and specific tasks focused on high-quality training of future specialists. The formation of student’s personality as a future teacher has a number of stages coordinated with the process of learning at the university, in particular, with formation of certain knowledge base within the framework of academic discipline studies, acquisition of professional experience in the process of pedagogical training, study of perspective practices and experience of pedagogical activity. The proper attitude to accumulation, generalisation and popularisation of advanced pedagogical experience contributes to formation and development of professional mastery of both students of pedagogical profile and young teachers. The advanced pedagogical experience of winners and laureates of the national pedagogical mastership contests in the Russian Federation and CIS countries requires special research. An attempt of large-scale research of this unique practical experience and its implantation into the training process at pedagogical universities was undertaken by the Russian State Pedagogical University. The research results were tested at the All-Russian applied research conference with international participation “International Best Practices in Pedagogical Activity: Experience, Risks, Prospects”. The conference was presented with 102 papers by representatives of educational organisations from Russia and foreign countries, including Latvia, Kazakhstan, Belarus and Uzbekistan. The aim of the conference was to discuss efficient practices of transformation of modern education aimed at updating its content by strengthening practical orientation and integration of higher and general education, exchange of experience among educators actively using modern educational technologies. The conference was held along the following directions: – Practical application of results of efficient pedagogical solutions and advantages of promising practices of pedagogical excellence aimed to improve the quality of education. – The system of young educators support: ideas and practices. – Digital learning environment: pedagogue’s new tools. – The teacher’s personality in innovative educational space. – Trends in pedagogical education development. – Learner’s individual trajectory as a resource for future teacher formation. – Best teaching practices: international and national experience. The conference participants discussed the pressing issues of organising the teaching process in general-education organisations and vocational guidance in higher education. The participants noted that such pedagogical transfer in modern conditions is one of the important and productive directions of searching for the ways to improve pedagogical mastery.

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