Дисертації з теми "Knee lever"
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Landeo, Raul Safety Science Faculty of Science UNSW. "The modulating impact of skill level in the execution of knee extension in fast front kicking in taekwondo." Awarded by:University of New South Wales. Safety Science, 2009. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/44978.
Повний текст джерелаTengman, Eva. "Long-term consequences of anterior cruciate ligament injury : knee function, physical activity level, physical capacity and movement pattern." Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, Sjukgymnastik, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-86715.
Повний текст джерелаDall, Philippa Margaret. "The function of orthotic hip and knee joints during gait for individuals with thoracic level spinal cord injury." Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.401337.
Повний текст джерелаCrescuillo, Jessica. "The association of frequency and level of physical activity on the progression of osteoarthritis of the knee in females." Connect to resource, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1811/32123.
Повний текст джерелаHedlund, Maja. "What if we could tailor the knee-prevention for female soccer players on an individual level and guide them to a physique that can support them?" Thesis, Umeå universitet, Designhögskolan vid Umeå universitet, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-125682.
Повний текст джерелаAl-Rashoud, Abdullah S. "The efficacy of low-level laser therapy applied at acupuncture points in knee osteoarthritis : a randomised double-blind controlled trial." Thesis, University of Dundee, 2014. https://discovery.dundee.ac.uk/en/studentTheses/a6dac764-eb6f-431c-892f-39d3b815c31a.
Повний текст джерелаOsborne, Michelle. "EXPLORATION OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PAIN INTENSITY, COMFORT LEVEL AND PATIENT SATISFACTION AMONG ORTHOPEDIC PATIENTS FOLLOWING KNEE SURGERY ON POSTOPERATIVE DAY ONE." Case Western Reserve University Doctor of Nursing Practice / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=casednp1430142885.
Повний текст джерелаPetrella, Marina. "Aspectos neuromusculares e funcionais: diferença entre graus leve e moderado da osteartrite radiográfica do joelho." Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015. https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/5349.
Повний текст джерелаFinanciadora de Estudos e Projetos
This study aimed to compare neuromuscular aspects, such as antagonist co-activation during knee extension (Coext) and flexion (Coflex), functional ratio of the maximum concentric hamstring strength to the maximum eccentric quadriceps strenght for knee flexion (Icon:Qexc), knee extensor torque in concentric (PTcon_ext) and eccentric (PTexc_ext) ways, the concentric knee flexor torque (PTcon_flex) and physical function, in different knee OA degrees. It was also objective of this dissertation investigate the center of pressure (COP) behavior (amplitude and velocity of the anterior-posterior and medial-lateral displacement) during a task involving eccentric quadriceps contraction, and the correlation between center of pressure and variables related to muscle performance and physical function. These objectives comprise two studies, with different methodologies. Study I: 20 subjects with knee OA (GOA) and 20 healthy subjects (GC) performed a postural stability evaluation, standing on two force platforms (Bertec Mod) with 45 degrees of knee flexion. PTcon_flex and PTexc_ext were evaluated in a speed of 90°/s. Subjects answered Physical Function and Stiffness subscales of the questionnaire Western Ontario MacMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC). Intergroup statistical analysis shown that subjects of the GOA, compared to GC, had no difference in postural control parameters, had lower Icon: Qexc (p = 0.004) and poorer selfreported physical function (p = 0.00) and stiffness (p = 0.001). Antero-posterior COP displacement was moderately and negatively correlated with the physical function subscale (ρ = -0.480, p = 0.02). Antero-posterior COP speed was moderately and negatively correlated with the physical function WOMAC subscale (ρ =-0.52, p = 0,01) and stiffness WOMAC subscale (ρ = -0.44, p = 0.03). Study II: 20 subjects with knee OA grade II (GOAII), 15 with knee OA grade III (GOAIII) and 19 healthy subjects (GC) performed isokinetic knee extension and flexion at 60 °/s, simultaneously to the electromyographic assessment of muscles quadriceps (vastus lateralis, rectus femoris, vastus) and hamstrings (biceps femoris and semitendinosus). Subjects answered Physical Function WOMAC subscale and performed functional tests 30-s chair-stand test (STS30s), 40mfast-paced walk test (Caminhada40m) and a stair-climb test (Escada). After intergroup analysis, GOAII showed higher Coflex (p = 0.001), higher Icon:Qexc (p = 0.000), Σemgflex_flex (p = 0.000), lower PTcon_ext (p = 0:02) and PTexc_ext (p = 0.008) and worse self reported physical function (p= 0.000). In GOAIII were identified greater Icon:Qexc (p = 0.000), lower PTcon_ext (p = 0.000), PTexc_ext (p = 0.000) and PTcon_flex (p = 0.04), worse self-reported Physical Function (p = 0.000) and worse performance in the functional tests: STS30s Caminhada40m e Escada (p = 0.017 p = 0.000 and p = 0.001, respectively). There was no difference between the GOAII and GOAIII for all variables (p ≥ 0.05). Together, these results suggest a neuromuscular adaptation present in individuals with knee OA, justifies the need for intervention from the early degrees of the disease and highlight the importance of taking into account different forms of assessment of physical function.
Foi objetivo desta dissertação comparar aspectos neuromusculares, como coativação do antagonista durante a extensão (Coext) e flexão (Coflex) do joelho, relação funcional de força concêntrica de isquiotibiais e excêntrica de quadríceps para flexão de joelho (Icon:Qexc), torque extensor do joelho nos modos concêntrico (PTcon_ext) e excêntrico (PTexc_ext), o torque flexor do joelho no modo concêntrico (PTcon_flex) e a função física nos diferentes graus da OA do joelho. Também foi objetivo dessa dissertação investigar o comportamento do centro de pressão (amplitude e velocidade do deslocamento ântero-posterior e médio-lateral) durante uma tarefa envolvendo contração excêntrica do quadríceps e correlaciona-lo às variáveis relacionadas ao desempenho muscular e função física. Estes objetivos compõem dois estudos, com metodologias distintas. Estudo I: 20 indivíduos com OA de joelhos (GOA) e 20 sujeitos saudáveis (GC) realizaram avaliação da estabilidade postural, em pé sobre duas plataformas de força (Bertec Mod) e flexão de joelhos de 45 graus. Também foram avaliados PTcon_flex e PTexc_ext na velocidade de 90°/s e os sujeitos responderam às seções função física e rigidez do questionário Western Ontario and MacMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC). Após análise estatística intergrupo, não foi observada diferença estatística para as variáveis do controle postural entre os sujeitos com OA e o GC. No entanto, foram identificados menor PTexc_ext (p=0.01), menor Icon:Qexc (p=0.004), pior auto-relato de função física (p=0,00) e rigidez (p=0,001). A análise de correlação indicou correlação entre o controle postural e função física e rigidez. Estudo II: Vinte indivíduos com OA do joelho grau II (GOAII), 15 com OA do joelho grau III (GOAIII) e 19 saudáveis (GC) realizaram teste isocinético de extensão do joelho a 60°/s, simultaneamente à avaliação eletromiográfica dos músculos do quadríceps (vasto lateral, reto femural e vasto medial) e isquiotibiais (bíceps femural e semitendíneo). Os sujeitos responderam à seção Função Física do qustionário WOMAC e realizaram testes funcionais de sentar e levantar de uma cadeira por 30 segundos (STS30s), caminhada de 40 metros (Caminhada40m) e subida e descida de escada (Escada). Após análise intergrupo, o GOAII apresentou maior Coflex (p = 0.001), maior Icon:Qexc (p = 0.000), Ʃemgflex_flex (p = 0.000), menores PTcon_ext (p = 0.02) e PTexc_ext (p = 0.008) e pior auto-relato de função física (p = 0.000 ). No GOAIII foram identificados maior Icon:Qexc (p = 0.000), menores PTcon_ext (p = 0.000), PTexc_ext (p = 0.000) e PTcon_flex (p = 0.04), pior auto-relato de função física (p = 0.000) e pior desempenho nos testes STS30s, Caminhada40m e Escada (p = 0.017 p = 0.000 e p = 0.001, respectivamente). Não houve diferença entre o GOAII e GOAIII para nenhuma das variáveis (p ≥ 0.05). Em conjunto, os resultados sugerem uma adaptação neuromuscular presente nos indivíduos com OA do joelho, necessidade de intervenção desde os graus iniciais da doença e destacam a importância de levar em conta diferentes formas de avaliação da função física.
Alfredo, Patricia Pereira. "Eficácia da laserterapia de baixa intensidade associada a exercícios em pacientes com osteoartrose de joelho: um estudo randomizado e duplo-cego." Universidade de São Paulo, 2011. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5160/tde-07022012-110411/.
Повний текст джерелаIntroduction:Osteoarthritis(OA) is adegenerative diseasethat affectssynovial joints, one of the most common causesoffunctional limitation. Objectives:To estimate the effects of Low-Level Laser Therapy (LLLT),in combination with a program of exercises on pain, range of motion, muscular strength, functionality, mobility and quality of life in patients with osteoarthritis of the knee. Methods: Sample consisted of 40 participants of both genders, ages ranging from 50 to 75 years. All had level 2-4 OA. Participants were randomized into two groups: Laser Group(low-level laser, 3 Joules dose and exercises), and Placebo Group (placebo-laser and exercises). Pain was assessed using visual analogical scale (VAS), range of motion with the universal goniometer, muscular strength using a dynamometer, functionality using the LequesneQuestionnaire, mobility using Timed Get Up and Go (TGUG)and quality using the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis (WOMAC) of life in five moments: (T1) baseline, (T2) after at the end of laser therapy (3rd week), (T3) after the end of exercises (11th week), (T4) three and six monthsafter thetreatment (T4 and T5). The intervention was performedduring three weeks; patients received laser therapy or placebo three times a week; for the remaining 8 weeks, all patients exercised three times a week.Data was assessed through Friedman and Mann-Whitney non-parametrical tests, with 5% significance. Results:In theintragroup analysis, the Laser Groupshowed significant improvementin pain (p<0.001), range of motion (p=0.032), functionality (p=0.003), mobility (p<0.001), WOM-pain (p=0.001), WOM-function (p<0.001) and WOM-total (p<0.001), while the Placebo Group showeda significant difference inmobility (p=0.013), WOM-function (p=0.017) andWOM-total (p=0.02). In the analysisbetween groupsthere wassignificant differenceinAV2between groupsfor variables WOM-function (p=0.01) andWOM-total (p=0.02) and in AV3for variablesWOM-pain (p<0.01), WOM-function (p=0.01) andWOM-total (p=0.02), indicating an improvement inthe Laser Group. Therewas alsoobserved a greaterrelative gainin almostall variablesthroughout the evaluations, when comparedto the Placebo Group.Conclusion: TheLow- Level Laser Therapycombined withanexercise program iseffective in improvingpain, function, range of motion and qualityof life of patientswith knee osteoarthritis
Meneses, Sarah Rubia Ferreira de. "Efeito da laserterapia de baixa intensidade (904 nm) e do alongamento estático em pacientes com osteoartrite de joelho: ensaio controlado randomizado simples cego." Universidade de São Paulo, 2015. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5170/tde-24112015-100231/.
Повний текст джерелаObjective: To investigate the effect of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) and static stretching, in combination and as monotherapy, in people with knee osteoarthritis (KOA). Methods: 145 people aged 50-75 years with KOA were randomly allocated to five groups (each n=29): Laseractive+Stretch, Laserplacebo+Stretch, Stretch, Laseractive and control. The laser therapy (GaAs; 904nm; 40mW; 3J/point; 27J/knee) consisted of nine sessions in the combined treatment groups and 24 when used as monotherapy. Stretching consisted of seven exercises repeated for 24 sessions. The control group received an educational booklet. Treatment frequency was 3 times/week. The primary outcome was pain intensity measured by Visual Analogue Scale and the secondary outcomes included pain, function and stiffness\' domains and total score of Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Arthritis Index (WOMAC), function assessed by Lequesne, mobility by Timed Up and Go, knee range of motion (KROM) by goniometry and hamstring shortening by popliteal angle. Results: In the combined treatment groups, there was no difference between the laser active and placebo (p > 0.05). At the end of the study, the treatment groups demonstrated, on average, a significant relative gain in pain (50%), total WOMAC (39%), function (30%) and mobility (20%) when compared to control (p < .001). For the combined treatment groups there was a 43% improvement in hamstring shortening (p <.001) and 9% improvement in KROM (p=0.02) when compared to control group. Conclusion: LLLT and stretching exercises, as monotherapy, were effective in reducing pain and improving function, mobility and the domains pain and function as well as the total score of WOMAC. The LLLT in the combined groups was not superior to the placebo application. Thus, we should not discard the contribution of the placebo effect in the result of the LLLT as monotherapy. The LLLT combined with stretching did not promote additional benefits compared to stretching alone
Sobczak, Stéphane. "Etude des répercussions de déviations planaires du fémur sur la biomécanique fémoro-tibiale: contribution expérimentale." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/209707.
Повний текст джерелаDu point de vue de l’étude du régime de contrainte de l’os sous-glénoïdien, une méthodologie originale utilisant la jauge de contrainte enrobée d’une résine époxyde a été développée. Un électrogoniomètre à 6 DDL ainsi que 6 LVDT ont permis de mesurer respectivement la cinématique fémoro-tibiale et la course tendineuse des principaux muscles de la cuisse.
Trois designs expérimentaux ont été entrepris sur un total de 15 spécimens. Ces différents designs ont permis de réaliser des déviations de l’extrémité distale du fémur selon les plans transversal, frontal et sagittal suite à une ostéotomie fémorale localisée 10 cm au dessus de l’interligne articulaire fémoro-tibiale. Les variables biomécaniques ont été enregistrées avant section osseuse et suite à l’application de déviations par step de 6° compris entre des angulations de -18° à 18° selon les différents plans anatomiques. Les données des variables biomécaniques ont été obtenues lors du mouvement de flexion du genou.
Même si nous sommes conscients des limitations de nos travaux expérimentaux, les résultats de ceux-ci nous permettent d’apporter une réflexion nouvelle par rapport aux conséquences sur l’articulation du genou d’un désalignement du membre inférieur en intégrant la notion des tissus péri-articulaires (capsulaire, ligamentaire et musculaire) généralement absents des modèles théoriques employés.
Doctorat en Sciences biomédicales et pharmaceutiques
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Matkowski, Boris. "Adaptations neuromusculaires des muscles extenseurs du genou : contractions fatigantes uni- vs bi-latérales." Phd thesis, Université de Bourgogne, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00796850.
Повний текст джерелаOcampo, Mascaró Javier, Salazar Vera Jimena Silva, and Costa Bullón Abilio da. "Correlación entre conocimientos sobre consecuencias de la obesidad y grado de actividad física en universitarios." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/621624.
Повний текст джерелаHaskell, Julie. "Notated and implied piano pedalling: c.1780-1830." Thesis, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/69337.
Повний текст джерелаThesis (Ph.D.) -- University of Adelaide, Elder Conservatorium of Music, 2011
Lin, Chuen-Heh, and 林春鶴. "Biomechanical evaluation of two knee braces during level walking." Thesis, 1993. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/52385798021968496294.
Повний текст джерела國立成功大學
醫學工程學系
81
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the influence of two currently available rehabilitative knee braces on knee motion and to evaluate their ability of protection against the postoperative tissue. By the theory of Euler angle and finite helical axis and the use of 3-D motion analysis system,we could measure all six degrees of freedom (DOF) of knee motion during level walking. The experimental group consisted of seven left ACL-deficient patients. Six of them had received ligament reconstruction and the other one had received partial meniscectomy only because of partial tear of the ACL. Six normal subjects comprised the control group and all of them were free of any pathological change on the back or lower limbs that might have an effect of their gait. Four test conditions were investigated:(1) injured limb, (2) control limb, (3) injured limb with ROM splint, (4)injured limb with 4-Point brace. There were no apparent differences in the graphical patterns and amplitude values for any of the six DOF of knee movement between the two unbraced conditions. Among the three rotational angles,the change in knee flexion/extension was the largest and that in knee abduction/adduction was the smallest one. Among the three translational components,the change in the anterior/posterior translation was the largest and that in the medial/lateral translation was the smallest. We could note that the graphical patterns of five of the parameters(DOF)all had swing phase peaks that appeared time related to flexion/ extension. Both brace applications were shown to significantly reduce the values of all six parameters of knee motion ,which seemed to be more marked when ROM splint was used,but no noticeable changes could be found in the graphical patterns ,walking velocity and percentage of left or right stance phase in the gait cycle.
Liao, Wen-ching, and 廖文慶. "Knee MR Image Segmentation Combining CSNN and Level Set Evolution for Patella Tracking." Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/47466241459527267959.
Повний текст джерела國立成功大學
電腦與通信工程研究所
96
In radiography treatment planning, MR image is one of the most widely-used radiographic techniques. Many athletes would take MR images once they get hurt in the game. Doctors can obtain detail information around the patient’s joints, organs, or muscle by observing the MR images. All the time, people suffer from the anterior knee pain due to aging or degeneracy. Doctors do numbers of examinations hoping to find out the possible reasons causing the knee pain. In tradition, static MR images are often used to observe the situation of the soft tissue adhering to the femur, patella, and tibia. Recently, kinetic observation techniques are also developed. Observing the kinetic changes of the tissues can help even more in perceiving the reason why pain happens. In our research, we observe the interaction between the femur and patella during the bending process of the knee. To quantify the observed interaction, doctors set some landmark points on the boundaries of the femur and patella, which determine the calculation of two defined angles. The angle variation curves collected from normal knees can construct a normal range. The variation curve comes from abnormal knee exceeds the normal range. By the statistics of the variation of these angles calculated, we can help the doctor examine patient’s knee condition. But it takes lots of time to locate the landmarks and to calculate the corresponding angles manually. Here in this thesis, we propose a system combining neural network techniques and level set evolution algorithm to segment the femur and patella, locate landmarks and calculate the angles.
Liu, Yen-Hung, and 劉彥宏. "Biomechanical Analysis of the Lower Extremities in Patients with Knee Osteoarthritis During Level Walking." Thesis, 2006. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/55737652265691774782.
Повний текст джерела國立臺灣大學
醫學工程學研究所
94
Osteoarthritis (OA) is one of the common degenerative joint diseases and the prevalence has been increased in the population. The knee is most involved joint of the lower extremity despite the hip and ankle joint may be involved, too. Degenerative changes of knee OA are commonly observed in the medial compartment than in the lateral compartment of the knee. In the present study used the 3-D motion analysis system to acquire the kinematics of the lower extremity of the subjects with bilateral medial knee OA and the forceplates to obtain the ground reaction force data. The kinetics of the normal elderly were be estimated firstly and investigated the biomechanics of the lower extremities in mild knee OA, severe knee OA and normal elderly during level walking. Our results suggested that knee adduction angle of both mild and severe knee OA subjects increased due to the deformation of medial knee of knee OA. The hip joint and ankle joint increased their abduction and adduction to compensate this knee excessive adduction. The mild and severe knee OA subjects both increased hip abductor moment. But only the knee abductor moment of the mild knee OA subjects had no different significantly with the knee abductor moment of normal elderly during stance phase. The concept of global leg stiffness was used to investigate the relationship between ground reaction force and change of leg length. Our result suggested that the global leg stiffness of the severe knee OA subjects represented bigger stiffness than normal elderly significantly during midstance phase and might be due to decrease the trajectory change of COM at vertical direction.
LIN, JIAN-LIANG, and 林建良. "Functional assessment of ACL recontruction thru force analysis of knee joint in level walking." Thesis, 1987. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/82948245127020710098.
Повний текст джерелаYeh, Hsiu-Chen, and 葉修辰. "Immediate Effects of Wedged Insole on Patients with Medial Knee Osteoarthritis During Level Walking." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/83048859516684132783.
Повний текст джерела國立臺灣大學
職能治療研究所
100
Medial knee osteoarthritis (MKOA), the most common joint disease among the middle-aged adults and the elderly, seriously affects the function of daily living. The patients tend to adopt toe-out gait to reduce knee joint pain. Laterally-wedged insole may reduce knee joint moments and joint pain through laterally-shifting COP and decreasing lever arm between knee joint center and ground reaction force; furthermore, the arch support might enhance these effects. The aims of the current study were investigate that the differences in effect of reducing knee abductor moments in patients with mild-to-moderate MKOA between hind-laterally-wedged and fore-medially-wedged insole with arch support (HFW), the new-designed insole for increasing foot progression angle, and full-length laterally-wedged insole with arch support (FLW) through motion analysis techniques. The results indicated that FLW would reduce peak knee abductor moment through increasing foot progression angle and lateral-shifted COP. Also, it was helpful to the stability. Furthermore, ankle invertor moments were increased. In contrast, although increasing foot progression angle, HFW would increase peak knee abductor moment through increased lever arm between knee joint center and ground reaction force due to failing to make COP lateral-shifted induced by medial wedge. Therefore, compared with HFW, it is recommended that FLW is suitable for patients with mild-to-moderate MKOA but with cautioned about increased ankle loading.
Kholvadia, Aayesha. "Exercise training and low level laser therapy as a modulate to pain relief and functional changes in knee osteoarthritis." Thesis, 2019. https://hdl.handle.net/10539/29133.
Повний текст джерелаBackground Evidence shows that the global prevalence of knee osteoarthritis (KOA) is high, with limited data on the management of the disease. The use of novel modalities to treat the condition is low due to poor understanding of their clinical effects. Therefore there are gaps in the knowledge on the prevalence and treatment modalities for patients diagnosed with KOA. Aim: The aim was threefold; (i) to determine the prevalence of KOA in South Africa aged 45yrs-75yrs; (ii) to determine the current management of KOA; and (iii) to determine the effect of Low Level Laser therapy (LLLT) on the structural and functional components related to KOA in a South African cohort, aged 45-75yrs. Methods: The methodology will be discussed in terms of the three specified objectives; (i) prevalence study data - a self-reported data collection sheet listing 19 relevant ICD 10 codes; completed by South African medical aid providers. (ii) The treatment paradigm study, which encompassed a deemed KOA management paradigm validated questionnaire sent electronically to 742 general, specialist and allied practitioners, identifying the incidence of KOA and deemed efficacy and compliance of various management tool. These practitioners were identified from a database of medical and allied practitioners in both the private and public sector of South Africa. The questionnaire consisted of two close ended questions indicating the incidence of KOA and bilateral KOA patients consulted at the practice; one choice question indicating the most suggested mode of therapy from a choice of pharmaceutical, surgical, homeopathic, physical exercise therapy and LLLT and finally, 3 Likert type scale questions on the deemed efficacy and compliance of the modes of therapy as stated above. (iii) The intervention study which was a randomized controlled trial (RCT) utilizing pre marked questionnaire sheets on 111 participants. Participants were randomized into one of three intervention groups; (1) exercise group (n=39), (2) LLLT group (n=40), and (3) combined exercise-LLLT group (n=32). Data on knee circumference, the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC), knee range of motion (ROM) and the one minute timed sit–to-stand test was used. These tests were done at four time points: (T1) baseline, (T2) post-12 session intervention, (T3) one month post intervention and (T4) three months post intervention. Results: The results will be discussed in terms of the three specified objectives; (i) The prevalence of KOA was reported as 17.5%, 28.0% and 38.5% in a South African population over 45yrs. (ii) Four hundred and thirteen clinicians completed the questionnaire, reporting a KOA patient intake of 53%. Pharmacology (36.3%) and physical exercise (35.3%) was the most common management protocols compared to surgical intervention, homeopathy and LLLT. Pharmacotherapy (73%) and physical exercise (92%) were observed as effective treatments. Seventy five percent of all practitioners responded with an answer of “no comment” when asked the deemed efficacy of LLLT. Practitioners viewed patients with KOA to have low compliance with physical exercise and pharmacotherapy (iii) the participant demographic included 86 females and 25 males, the average age reported was 61.8 ± 5.6yrs. At 12-week follow-up, knee circumference decreased significantly in all groups (p<0.05), the effect was highest in the LLLT group. All groups experienced improvements in the WOMAC pain scale, but the LLLT group showed the greatest improvement (p<0.05). Knee ROM values improved significantly across all three groups; however, the effect of the intervention was most significant (p<0.005) in the combined LLLT-exercise group. Physical functionality scores showed a greater improvement in the combined LLLTexercise group at all three data collection points. Conclusions: The estimated prevalence of KOA is 17-35% based on data collected from a specified South African cohort. Pharmacotherapy is a commonly suggested KOA management mode, whilst clinicians view physical exercise as effective. LLLT was not a known tool for the treatment of KOA. In addition to the improved functionality observed, pain was lowered significantly, particularly in the combined exercise-LLLT group. Study results have shown that LLLT used in isolation or in combination with physical exercise is an effective management tool.
MT 2020
Huang, Gwo-Feng, and 黃國峰. "Gait Analysis and Energy Consumption of Below-Knee Amputees With A New Prosthesis on Level Ground, Ramps and Stairs." Thesis, 2002. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/50577824702014736695.
Повний текст джерела國立成功大學
醫學工程研究所碩博士班
90
Amputations not only caused the loss of limb but also accompanied with inconvenience of physical mobility for the patients. The newly developed prosthetic designs make possible the replacement of amputated limbs, thus greatly improve the body mobility and life independence of the patients. However, the real manifestation of the prosthetic gait and the discrepancy between the prosthetic and normal gaits needs further investigations, especially the effects of walking speeds and on walking surfaces. In Taiwan, the sockets of most prosthetic devices are made of resin. The ventilation of this type of socket is poor. In the summer time, the air temperature in Taiwan can rise to 34℃ or higher at humidity levels of 60 % or higher, the kind of weather called muggy or steamy. Heavy sweating is a typical condition in such a climate. For amputees, heavy sweating is a major problem since the socket becomes wet and fill with sweat. Consequently, prosthetic socket devices have a tendency to come loose or fall off during locomotion. Moreover, the constant moisture can cause skin complications such as eczema, blisters, dermatitis, ulcers or infection in the residual limb. Some amputees may have to be hospitalized because of these complications. Some patients even require further amputation. However, to date, there are very few studies in this subject. In last decades many researchers have tried to improve socket material. Although these new prosthesis materials can improve the feeling of comfort, they cannot solve the sweating problem. Therefore it is very important to develop a socket system to facilitate ventilation, cooling and the elimination of sweat. In our study a new prosthesis design equipped with an electric automatic air ventilation system have been tested and the sweat due to high temperature and humidity inside the socket can be reduced. The total AVS, including fan and battery, weighted only about 95g. New prosthetic materials and designs have broadened the range of availability in artificial feet. As a result, it is becoming more difficult for prosthetists and clinic physicians to select the best foot for individual amputees. Much of the research evaluating the dynamics of prosthetic feet is subjective. Quantitative research on below-knee amputee gait has been performed in the following areas : dynamic evaluation of the foot through motion analysis, evaluation of forces created by and acting on the body while wearing a prosthetic foot, and amputees’ energy consumption with various foot designs The purposes of this thesis are to scientifically measure the dynamic gait characteristics of the amputee by using motion analysis and to measure the energy consumption for the below-knee amputee when wearing the SACH, single-axis and multiple-axis prosthetic feet on ground, slopes and stairs. First, the walking condition for patient with below-knee amputees is analyzed. Twenty patients who severed the shank are selected and divide into two groups to wear three different types of prosthetic foot : SACH foot (traditional type), single-axis foot, and multiple-axis foot, These patients on ground, slopes (5, 10 and 16 degrees) and stairs. These research results provide an objective for clinic physicians to select the proper type of prosthetic feet for the individual patient. Second, the energy consumption of three different types of prosthetic foot is conducted for the same twenty subjects. These subjects walk at speeds of 1 mile per hour, 1.5 mile per hour and 2 mile per hour on slope of 0, 3 and 6 degrees. Energy consumption is detected while walking by metabolic measurement cart and heavy-duty treadmill. Subjective results are additionally determined via questionnaire after testing. A survey is conducted to determine the comfort level of prosthetic foot with patients after the experiment. The records provide a objective and subjective records for physician’s prescription for amputees.
Chou, Li-Wei, and 周立偉. "The Effects of Inserted Lateral Wedged Insole on the Level Walking in Patients with Knee Osteoarthritis involving the Medial Compartment." Thesis, 2006. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/02912436544582851120.
Повний текст джерела中國醫藥大學
醫學研究所碩士班
94
Objective: The knee joints are most frequently involved degenerative arthritis for the patients in the older society. The patients with knee osteoarthritis (OA) may have the following complaints: knee joint pain, stiffness of the knee joint, limited range of motion (ROM), wasting of the lower limb muscle, and decreased walking speed. These symptoms can decrease the performance of some activities of daily life obviously and followed a potential dangerousness. This research attempts to explain the changes of the kinetics and kinematics of the lower limbs while knee OA patients performing level walking. Lateral-wedge insole has been used to treat knee OA, but the biomechanical nature has not been well studied, and its side effect is unclear. In this study, the influence and the side-effect of the lateral-wedge insole will be investigated. Finally, we expected to apply the insole clinically to slow the degenerative process of the knee joint, to maintain life quality of the elder, and to reduce the medical costs (medicine, physical therapy, and surgery). Methods: Twelve outpatients (eight female and four male, mean age, 70.7; standard deviation, 5.9) with knee OA involving the medial compartment were prospectively treated with an inserted wedged insole with lateral elevation of 12 mm for twelve weeks. The visual analog scale (VAS) scores for subjective knee pain and the remission score of the Lequesne index of severity for knee OA were assessed before and 3-months after treatment. Standing radiographs with and without insoles were used to analyze the femorotibial, talocalcaneal and talar tilt angles at baseline, immediate and final assessment. Three-dimensional motion analysis system and force platform were used to calculate kinematic and kinetic gait parameters in level walking, including spatiotemporal parameters, range of motion (in lower limbs, trunk and head), forces and moments in hip, knee and ankle joints and sway range of the center of gravity. Difference in all parameters between baseline assessments and immediate or final assessments were compared using a paired t test. Results: The 12 patients who completed the 12-weeks study were evaluated. Participants wearing the inserted lateral wedged insole had significantly improved VAS pain score and remission score of the Lequesne index (P<0.0001). No significant differences were found in femorotibial, talocalcaneal and talar tilt angles while comparison among values at baseline, immediate and 3-months after treatment. Patients using a lateral wedged insole had an immediate and significant increase in step width, heel maximum height, and swing phase time, but reduced stance phase of the gait cycle as compared with the baseline data. Beside, increased ROM in ankle inversion-eversion and decreased ankle plantar-dorsiflexion ROM were found. They also generated more ankle invertor moment, internal rotator moment, knee extensor moment, and less ankle plantar flexor moment, ankle evertor moment and hip flexor and abductor moment. Conclusion: The inserted lateral wedged insole may induce symptomatic relief in patients with medial compartment knee OA, but not make any significant changes in the radiographs taken in the static position. The therapeutic effects were further evaluated during the dynamic phase with motion analysis system and force plates to determine the kinematic & kinetic effects. Longer-term clinical follow up should be addressed in future studies.