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M. G., Gopisankar, Surendiran A., Hemachandren M., and Rajan S. "Quality, quantity and recovery of DNA content from routine blood samples and genotyping success rate: comparison between phenol chloroform method (PCM) with a new kit-based DNA extraction method (KBM)." International Journal of Basic & Clinical Pharmacology 7, no. 10 (September 24, 2018): 1863. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2319-2003.ijbcp20183826.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Background: DNA extraction has become a baseline method for molecular biology studies. There are a variety of methods available for this purpose. Newer kit-based methods (KBM) are easy and less time consuming than traditional chemical methods of extraction like phenol chloroform method (PCM). Though estimates of quality from different methods are available in labels, this study compared the practical outcomes regarding quantity, quality, DNA recovery rate and assessed the outcomes at two different time points.Methods: This study was done as a secondary analysis from an ongoing project. The quantity and quality of DNA isolated from the same group of 100 deidentified blood samples by PCM and KBM were analysed using Multi analyzer and repeated after a period of 3 months. Genotyping of the samples were done by RT-PCR. The quantity, quality and amplification proportion were compared between two groups to reach the inference.Results: The median (range) concentration of DNA by PCM was 543.27 (960.59) µg/ml and that of KBM was 32.115 (36.73) µg/ml. The quality of DNA as measured by absorbance at 260/280 nm was 1.84 in PCM and 1.81 in KBM (p>0.05). Genotyping success rate was 78% in PCM and 98% in KBM (p = 0.002). The DNA recovery rate was 96% in PCM and 80% in KBM (p=0.014).Conclusions: The median concentration of DNA obtained from PCM was more compared to KBM. The quality of DNA was comparable in both the groups. The genotyping success rate was more in KBM group. The DNA recovery rate at 3 months was more in PCM group.
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Tabe, Yoko, Linhua Jin, Clinton E. Leysath, Shinya Kimura, Hagop Kantarjian, Michael Andreeff, and Marina Konopleva. "CXCR4 Up-Regulation by Imatinib Mesylate Induces CML Cell Migration to Bone Marrow Stroma and Promotes Survival of Chemoresistant Quiescent CML Cells." Blood 108, no. 11 (November 1, 2006): 2123. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v108.11.2123.2123.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract Chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) is driven by constitutively activated BCR-ABL tyrosine kinase which triggers impaired CML cells adhesion to BM stroma. Abnormal circulation and proliferation of CML hematopoietic progenitors has been attributed to the reduced expression or function of the CXC chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) (Cancer Research2005;65:2676). We investigated CXCR4 expression on CD34+ bone marrow cells from primary CML patients and its modulation by INF-α or imatinib mesylate. CXCR4 expression was significantly lower in untreated (n=12, 10.1 ± 2.8% CXCR4+ cells) or hydroxyurea-treated CML patients (n=16, 11.2 ± 2.4% CXCR4+ cells) compared to normal bone marrow CD34+ cells (n=12, 46.9 ± 6.2% CXCR4+, p<0.001). CXCR4 expression was increased in a group of patients treated with INF-α (32.4 ± 5.2%, n=15, p=0.001). Longitudinal analysis of CXCR4 expression on CD34+ cells from 4 CML-blast crisis patients treated with imatinib demonstrated upregulation of CXCR4 levels in peripheral blood CD34+ cells (pre-treatment 26.9 ± 20.8%; day 3–15 of STI-571, 52.2 ± 14.0% (n=4)). In the in vitro co-culture system with bone marrow-derived stromal cells (MSC) exposure of KBM-5 cells to Abl tyrosine kinase inhibitors imatinib increased CXCR4 membrane expression (% CXCR4 positive, KBM-5 control 16.2 ± 1.6, with MSCs 24.6 ± 3.8, with MSCs/imatinib 42.3 ± 6.3, p=0.04). In contrast, this effect was not seen in KBM-5/STI cells harboring T315 mutation in Bcr/Abl (CXCR4 positive %, KBM-5/imatinib control 14.7 ± 1.5, with MSCs 20.9 ± 1.1, with MSCs/imatinib 22.7 ± 2.2, p=0.35). A novel Bcr-Abl/Lyn dual inhibitor, INNO-406 (formerly NS-187) also increased CXCR4 membrane expression in KBM-5 but not in KBM-5/STI (data not shown). This increase in CXCR4 expression by Abl tyrosine kinase inhibitors was associated with enhanced migration to MSCs, which was inhibited by blocking CXCR4 with the pharmacological CXCR4 antagonist AMD3465 (AnorMED). In KBM-5 cells, 0.5μM imatinib induced a G0/1 cell cycle block which further increased in co-culture with MSC (% cells in G1/G0: KBM-5 control 38.8 ± 5.2, with MSC 53.7 ± 4.1, imatinib 59.8 ± 2.5, imatinib with MSC 77.9 ± 5.5, p=0.01). Most importantly, imatinib/MSC-mediated cell cycle arrest resulted in inhibition of Ara-C induced apoptosis, which was partially reversed by AMD3465 (% AnnexinV(+) cells: KBM-5 treated with Ara-C, 52.7 ± 4.1; KBM-5 treated with Ara-C in MSC co-culture, 49.4 ± 2.0; KBM-5 treated with Ara-C and imatinib in MSC co-culture, 29.9 ± 3.1; KBM-5 treated with Ara-C, imatinib plus AMD3465 in MSC co-culture, 39.4 ± 5.6, p=0.02). Taken together, these findings indicate that p210BCR-ABL de-regulates CXCR4 expression in CML cells which can be restored by Abl tyrosine kinase inhibitors or INF-α. Up-regulation of CXCR4 by imatinib within the BM microenvironment induces migration of CML cells to stroma and promotes G0/1 cell cycle arrest of CML cells, rendering them quiescent and drug resistant. Our results suggest that interfering with the protective effects of BM stroma cells through CXCR4 inhibition could be beneficial for the eradication of quiescent chemoresistant CML cells. This hypothesis is currently under investigation in primary CML samples.
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Nkalih Mefire, A., A. Njoya, R. Yongue Fouateu, J. R. Mache, N. A. Tapon, A. Nzeukou Nzeugang, U. Melo Chinje, et al. "Occurrences of kaolin in Koutaba (west Cameroon): Mineralogical and physicochemical characterization for use in ceramic products." Clay Minerals 50, no. 5 (December 2015): 593–606. http://dx.doi.org/10.1180/claymin.2015.050.5.04.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
AbstractThirty clay samples collected from three hills in Koutaba (west Cameroon) were characterized in order to evaluate their potential use as raw materials for ceramics. After preliminary mineralogical identification by X-ray diffraction, three representative samples from the three different hills, referred to hereafter as K1M, K2M and K3M, were selected for further investigation by X-ray fluorescence, plasticity, granularity and thermogravimetric analysis. The main clay minerals are kaolinite (32–51%) and illite (up to 12%). Additional major phases are quartz (32–52%), goethite (6–7%) and feldspars (0–4%). The chemical composition showed variable amounts of SiO2(60–72%), Al2O3(15–20%) and Fe2O3(1–9%), in accordance with the quartz abundance in all of the samples studied. The particle-size distribution showed a large proportion of silty fraction (64–88%) with moderate sandy (9–19%) and clayey fractions ( < 5% for K2M, 12% for K1M and 20% for K3M). All of the clays showed moderate plasticity-index values (8–11%). Because of these characteristics, K1M and K3M may be suitable for use in common bricks and hollow ceramic products. Sieving or the addition of ball clays is recommended to increase the plasticity of sample K2M for use in common bricks.
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Saputra, Ulin Nam'ma, Herawati Herawati, and Maria Kanan. "Daya Hambat Infusa Daun Kelor (Moringa oleifera L) Terhadap Pertumbuhan Bakteri Escherichia coli." Buletin Kesehatan MAHASISWA 1, no. 2 (January 31, 2023): 53–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.51888/jpmeo.v1i2.157.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Penyakit infeksi merupakan salah satu masalah kesehatan yang paling utama di negara berkembang khususnya untuk infeksi Escherichia coli L. Daun kelor diketahui memiliki kemampuan antimikroba. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui daya hambat, Kadar Hambat Minimum (KHM) dan mengetahui Kadar Bunuh Minimum (KBM) infusa Moringa oleifera L. terhadap pertumbuhan E. coli. Jenis penelitian ini adalah eksperimen laboratorium dengan metode difusi dengan teknik sumur dan teknik pengenceran. Sampel penelitian ini adalah infusa daun kelor dengan konsentrasi : 100%, 75%, 50%, 25% dan 12,5%. Daya hambat diperoleh berdasarkan pengukuran zona bening yang terbentuk di sekitar lubang sumur menggunakan penggaris. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian menunjukkan rata -rata diameter zona hambat tertinggi pada konsentrasi 50% yaitu sebesar 16,75 mm. Kadar Hambat Minimum (KHM) infusa daun kelor didapatkan pada konsentrasi 50%. Sedangkan untuk kadar bunuh minimum (KBM) pada penelitian ini tidak ditemukan. Infusa daun kelor (Moringa oleifera L) memiliki daya antibakteri terhadap Escherichia coli dengan hasil pengujian dapat menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri dengan zona hambat sebesar 11,75 mm pada konsentrasi 100%, 12,75 mm untuk konsentrasi 75%, 16,75 mm pada konsentrasi 50%, 8,75 mm pada konsentrasi 25%, dan 8 mm untuk konsentrasi 12,5% dengan KHM pada konsentrasi 50 %,sedangkan KBM pada konsentrasi 50 % sampai 12.5 %. Masyarakat dapat menggunakan infusa daun kelor sebagai pencegahan penyakit infeksi pada konsentrasi 50%, atau 100 gram daun kelor dilarutkan dalam 200 ml air. Bagi peneliti selanjutnya dapat melakukan penelitian infusa daun kelor menggunakan sampel bakteri selain Escherichia coli, serta dapat menggunakan bagian tanaman kelor yang lainnya sebagai sampel untuk menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri. Infectious diseases are one of the major health problems in developing countries, especially Escherichia coli L infection. Moringa leaves are known to have antimicrobial abilities. This study aims to determine the inhibitory power, Minimum Inhibitory Level (KHM), and determine the Minimum Kill Rate (KBM) of Moringa oleifera L infusion. to the growth of E. coli. This research is a laboratory experiment with diffusion methods with well and dilution techniques. The sample of this study was an infusion of Moringa leaves with concentrations: of 100%, 75%, 50%, 25%, and 12.5%. Inhibitory power is obtained based on measurements, of clear zones formed around the good hole using a ruler. Based on the results of the study, shows the average diameter of the highest inhibitory zone at a concentration of 50% which is 16.75 mm. The Minimum Inhibitory Level (KHM) of Moringa leaf infusion was obtained at a concentration of 50%. As for the minimum kill rate (KBM) in this study, it was not found. Moringa leaf infusion (Moringa oleifera L) has antibacterial power against Escherichia coli with test results that can inhibit the growth of bacteria with an inhibitory zone of 11.75 mm at a concentration of 100%, 12.75 mm at a concentration of 75%, 16.75 mm at a concentration of 50%, 8.75 mm at a concentration of 25%, and 8 mm at a concentration of 12.5% with KHM at a concentration of 50%, while KBM at a concentration of 12.5% 50% to 12.5%. People can use Moringa leaf infusion as a prevention of infectious diseases at a concentration of 50%, or 100 grams of Moringa leaves dissolved in 200 ml of water. Furthermore, researchers can conduct research on Moringa leaf infusion using bacterial samples other than Escherichia coli and can use other parts of the Moringa plant as a sample to inhibit bacterial growth.
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Leis, Artur, Rudolf Weber, and Thomas Graf. "Process Window for Highly Efficient Laser-Based Powder Bed Fusion of AlSi10Mg with Reduced Pore Formation." Materials 14, no. 18 (September 13, 2021): 5255. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14185255.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The process window for highly efficient laser-based powder bed fusion (LPBF), ensuring the production of parts with low porosity, was determined by analyzing cross-sections of samples that were generated with laser powers varying between 10.8 W and 1754 W, laser beam diameters varying between 35 μm and 200 μm, and velocities of the moving laser beam ranging between 0.7 m/s and 1.3 m/s. With these parameters, the process alters between different modes that are referred to as simple heating, heat conduction melting (HCM), key-bowl melting (KBM), and deep-penetration melting (DPM). It was found that the optimum process window for a highly efficient LPBF process, generating AlSi10Mg parts with low porosity, is determined by the ratio PL/db of the incident laser power PL and the beam diameter db of the beam on the surface of the bead, and ranges between PL/db = 2000 W/mm and PL/db = 5200 W/mm, showing process efficiencies of about 7–8%. This optimum process window is centered around the range PL/db = 3000–3500 W/mm, in which the process is characterized by KBM, which is an intermediate process mode between HCM and DPM. Processes with PL/db < 2000 W/mm partially failed, and lead to balling and a lack of fusion, whereas processes with PL/db > 5200 W/mm showed a process efficiency below 5% and pore ratios exceeding 10%.
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Harun, Sahana, Andy Baker, Chris Bradley, Gilles Pinay, Ian Boomer, and R. Liz Hamilton. "Characterisation of dissolved organic matter in the Lower Kinabatangan River, Sabah, Malaysia." Hydrology Research 46, no. 3 (April 19, 2014): 411–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/nh.2014.196.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Spatial patterns and trends in the concentration and quality of dissolved organic matter (DOM) are characterised across a tropical agricultural catchment using ultraviolet (UV)-visible absorbance, and fluorescence spectroscopy. Related determination of the environmental isotopes 18O and 2H clarify the dynamics of catchment water movement. Water samples were collected from the Kinabatangan River, Borneo, and selected tributaries in August and September 2008 in four regions with oil palm plantations (KB1, KB2, KB3 and KB4). The isotopic compositions of surface waters suggest that canals were characterised by a strong evaporative effect than tributaries and streams with more natural, forested vegetation. DOM was characterised by variations in UV absorbance and spectral slope. Individual fluorescence excitation–emission matrices were decomposed by Parallel Factor Analysis (PARAFAC) and three components extracted (C1, C2 and C3). Components C2 and C3 both appear to be derived from microbial sources and/or photo-degradation. The PARAFAC components indicate a clear trend of increasing DOM degradation as waters pass through the catchment. It is hypothesised that upstream DOM is rapidly photo and microbially degraded to less fluorescent DOM, while DOM concentration and character of DOM downstream is controlled by the hydrology, specifically by variations in the rate of water movement.
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Utami, Putri Widya, Isnandar Isnandar, Rahmi Syaflida, and Indra Basar Siregar. "Pengaruh ekstrak daun kemangi (Ocimum basilicum L) terhadap Staphylococcus aureus di rongga mulutEffect of basil leaf extract (Ocimum basilicum L.) on oral Staphylococcus aureus." Jurnal Kedokteran Gigi Universitas Padjadjaran 33, no. 1 (April 30, 2021): 38. http://dx.doi.org/10.24198/jkg.v33i1.29968.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Pendahuluan: Staphylococcus aureus merupakan mikroorganisme dalam rongga mulut yang bersifat patogen. Di Indonesia, penyakit infeksi masih menjadi masalah umum terutama pada rongga mulut, untuk itu dikembangkan obat antibakteri yang berasal dari tumbuhan salah satunya daun kemangi. Tujuan penelitian untuk menganalisis efektivitas penggunaan ekstrak daun kemangi (Ocimum basilicum L) terhadap jumlah Staphylococcus aureus rongga mulut. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan true eksperiment laboratoris, dimana pengujian efektivitas antibakteri dengan metode pengenceran seri. Sampel yang digunakan strain murni Staphylococcus aureus dan isolat klinik Staphylococcus aureus. Konsentrasi ekstrak yang digunakan 50%, 25%, 12,5%, 6,25% dan dilakukan pengulangan sebanyak 4 kali. Data penelitian diolah menggunakan SPSS yaitu uji Kruskal-Wallis dan uji Mann-Whitney.Hasil: Konsentrasi 50% merupakan kadar bunuh minimum (KBM) untuk strain murni bakteri Staphylococcus aureus, dan kadar hambat minimum (KHM) untuk isolat klinik Staphylococcus aureus. Konsentrasi 25% hanya didapati kadar hambat minimum (KHM) untuk strain murni Staphylococcus aureus. Simpulan: Terdapat pengaruh penggunaan ekstrak daun kemangi (Ocimum basilicum L) terhadap penurunan jumlah Staphylococcus aureus rongga mulut.Kata kunci : Daun kemangi, Staphylococcus aureus, pengenceran seri, KHM, KBM. ABSTRACTIntroduction: Staphylococcus aureus is a pathogenic microorganism in the oral cavity. In Indonesia, infectious diseases are still a common problem, especially in the oral cavity. Therefore, a natural antibacterial remedy has been developed, one of which is basil leaves. The study aimed to analyse the effectiveness of using basil leaf extract (Ocimum basilicum L) against the number of oral Staphylococcus aureus. Methods: This study used a true laboratory experiment, where the antibacterial effectiveness was tested by using the series dilution method. The samples used were pure strains of Staphylococcus aureus and clinical isolates of Staphylococcus aureus. The extract concentration used was 50%, 25%, 12.5%, 6.25% and was repeated 4 times. The research data were processed using SPSS, namely the Kruskal-Wallis test and the Mann-Whitney test. Results: The concentration of 50% is the minimum kill rate (MKC) for pure strains of Staphylococcus aureus and the minimum inhibitory level (MIC) for clinical isolates of Staphylococcus aureus. At 25% concentration, only the minimum inhibitory level (MIC) was found for pure strains of Staphylococcus aureus. Conclusion: There is an effect of using basil leaf extract (Ocimum basilicum L) on reducing the number of oral Staphylococcus aureus.Keywords: Basil leaf, Staphylococcus aureus, serial dilution, MIC, MKC.
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Setyaningrum, Lilis, Marmi Sudarmi, and Alvama Pattiserlihun. "BARBEKU (Barang Bekas di Sekitarku) Sebagai Alat Peraga Sederhana Untuk Meningkatkan Pemahaman Siswa Pada Materi Kapilaritas." Radiasi : Jurnal Berkala Pendidikan Fisika 11, no. 2 (September 30, 2018): 47–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.37729/radiasi.v11i2.23.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Not all schools are able to provide teaching aids as learning media because of the limited tools they have, especially in remote areas that are difficult to get tools. For schools where there is no equipment at all (there is equipment but not complete or damaged) it is necessary to procure media. This study aims to: (1) provide examples of some simple teaching aids that can be used as ideas (ideas) by teachers as learning media for facilitating learning, (2) make Learning Implementation Plans on capillary material by using simple teaching aids, (3) find out the level of students' understanding after learning using simple teaching aids in Kapilaritas material. This study used the Classroom Action Research method with the type of teacher as a researcher. In this type the teacher has a dual role as a practitioner and as a researcher. The samples used for the study were 25th-grade students of SMP Negeri 3 Tuntang as many as 25 students. Research instruments for data collection were are RPP, observation sheets of Teaching and Learning Activities (KBM), questionnaire sheets, and evaluation questions. From the observation sheet, 85.71% of students were able to attend teaching and learning activities well. From the questionnaire, as many as 92.62% of students think that the teaching aids used can show capillary events clearly, and there are / easily found in the surrounding environment. From the evaluation results, as many as 84% of students scored above 70. From the study, it can be concluded that learning using teaching aids simple from used goods in the surrounding environment such as glass, axis, tissue, and cloth can show capillary events so that they can be used as learning media.
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Mardiah, Ainun, Cut Aja Nuraskin, Teuku Salfiyadi, Nora Usrina, and Reca Reca. "Effectiveness of Cocoa Seed Garmins to the Decrease of Dental Plaque Index." EAS Journal of Dentistry and Oral Medicine 4, no. 5 (September 27, 2022): 123–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.36349/easjdom.2022.v04i05.002.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Dental and oral disease is a high prevalence in Indonesia 88.8% of the population has dental caries and periodontitis, 93% of children under 12 years of age have dental caries, 67.2% have experienced caries and 43.4% have not been treated. Dental plaque is a soft deposit that is firmly attached to the tooth surface, consisting of microorganisms that cause dental caries. Caries prevention and plaque control can be done by using mouth wash; it will be more effective if you rinse your mouth using herbal mouthwash that contains antioxidants and anti-bacterial. Cocoa Bean Extract (Theobroma Cacao L.) contains secondary metabolites, alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, steroids and has anti-bacterial, anti-inflammatory properties and has a strong inhibitory effect on S. mutans bacteria. The purpose of the study: to determine the phytochemical content of cocoa beans, determine the effectiveness of the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Kill Concentration (KBM) of mouthwash of cocoa bean methanol extract, determine the toxicity of mouthwash of cocoa bean methanol extract, determine the decrease in plaque index before and after gargling with methanol extract of cocoa beans (Theobroma Cacao L.), determine the effectiveness of the pH of the oral cavity before and after gargling methanol extract of cocoa beans (Theobroma Cacao L.). The research method is a laboratory experiment with a post-test only control group design. The research was conducted in the laboratory of the USK Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, and the USK FMIPA laboratory in 2022. Dry samples of 1 kg cocoa beans were macerated with 80% methanol for 3x24 hours; the filtrate was evaporated using a rotary evaporator to obtain a thick methanolic extract of cocoa beans. Phytochemical test results of methanol extract of cocoa beans contain compounds, phenolics, tannins, flavonoids, steroids, terpenoids, saponins, alkaloids. Minimum Inhibitory Concentration Test The average number of colonies of S. mutans ....
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Powers, Craig, Regina Hanlon, and David G. Schmale III. "Remote collection of microorganisms at two depths in a freshwater lake using an unmanned surface vehicle (USV)." PeerJ 6 (January 26, 2018): e4290. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.4290.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Microorganisms are ubiquitous in freshwater aquatic environments, but little is known about their abundance, diversity, and transport. We designed and deployed a remote-operated water-sampling system onboard an unmanned surface vehicle (USV, a remote-controlled boat) to collect and characterize microbes in a freshwater lake in Virginia, USA. The USV collected water samples simultaneously at 5 and 50 cm below the surface of the water at three separate locations over three days in October, 2016. These samples were plated on a non-selective medium (TSA) and on a medium selective for the genusPseudomonas(KBC) to estimate concentrations of culturable bacteria in the lake. Mean concentrations ranged from 134 to 407 CFU/mL for microbes cultured on TSA, and from 2 to 8 CFU/mL for microbes cultured on KBC. There was a significant difference in the concentration of microbes cultured on KBC across three sampling locations in the lake (P= 0.027), suggesting an uneven distribution ofPseudomonasacross the locations sampled. There was also a significant difference in concentrations of microbes cultured on TSA across the three sampling days (P= 0.038), demonstrating daily fluctuations in concentrations of culturable bacteria. There was no significant difference in concentrations of microbes cultured on TSA (P= 0.707) and KBC (P= 0.641) across the two depths sampled, suggesting microorganisms were well-mixed between 5 and 50 cm below the surface of the water. About 1 percent (7/720) of the colonies recovered across all four sampling missions were ice nucleation active (ice+) at temperatures warmer than −10 °C. Our work extends traditional manned observations of aquatic environments to unmanned systems, and highlights the potential for USVs to understand the distribution and diversity of microbes within and above freshwater aquatic environments.
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Thawai, Chitti, Somboon Tanasupawat, and Takuji Kudo. "Dactylosporangium tropicum sp. nov., isolated from soil." International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 61, no. 10 (October 1, 2011): 2358–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/ijs.0.028829-0.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Two novel actinomycete strains, designated KB2-4T and KB9-2, were isolated from soil samples. Both isolates formed finger-shaped sporangia on short sporangiophores that emerged directly from substrate hyphae. The cell-wall peptidoglycan contained glutamic acid, glycine, alanine and meso-diaminopimelic acid; the whole-cell sugars were galactose, glucose, mannose, rhamnose, ribose and xylose. The diagnostic phospholipid was phosphatidylethanolamine. The predominant menaquinones were MK-9(H8) and MK-9(H6). Mycolic acids were not detected. The predominant cellular fatty acids (>20 %) were iso-C16 : 0 and anteiso-C17 : 0. For both strains, the G+C content of the genomic DNA was about 72 mol%. The morphological and chemotaxonomic characteristics of the two strains were typical of members of the genus Dactylosporangium. Phylogenetic analysis using 16S rRNA gene sequences also indicated that these strains should be classified in the genus Dactylosporangium and showed that the closest relative was Dactylosporangium salmoneum NRRL B-16294T (99.1 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity). DNA–DNA relatedness and some physiological and biochemical properties indicated that the isolates could be readily distinguished from their closest phylogenetic relatives. On the basis of these phenotypic and genotypic data, the isolates represent a novel species, for which the name Dactylosporangium tropicum sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is strain KB2-4T ( = BCC 34760T = JCM 15673T).
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Sun, Danlei, Camille Chasseur, Françoise Mathieu, Jessica Lechanteur, Pierre Van Antwerpen, Joanne Rasschaert, Véronique Fontaine, and Cédric Delporte. "Untargeted Metabolomics Approach Correlated Enniatin B Mycotoxin Presence in Cereals with Kashin–Beck Disease Endemic Regions of China." Toxins 15, no. 9 (August 30, 2023): 533. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxins15090533.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Kashin–Beck disease (KBD) is a multifactorial endemic disease that only occurs in specific Asian areas. Mycotoxin contamination, especially from the Fusarium spp., has been considered as one of the environmental risk factors that could provoke chondrocyte and cartilage damage. This study aimed to investigate whether new mycotoxins could be identified in KBD-endemic regions as a potential KBD risk factor. This was investigated on 292 barley samples collected in Tibet during 2009–2016 and 19 wheat samples collected in Inner Mongolia in 2006, as control, from KBD-endemic and non-endemic areas. The LC-HRMS(/MS) data, obtained by a general mycotoxin extraction technic, were interpreted by both untargeted metabolomics and molecular networks, allowing us to identify a discriminating compound, enniatin B, a mycotoxin produced by some Fusarium spp. The presence of Fusarium spp. DNA was detected in KBD-endemic area barley samples. Further studies are required to investigate the role of this mycotoxin in KBD development in vivo.
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TEZCAN, Filiz. "A sample stacking-capillary electrophoresis method for simultaneous determination of nitrate and thiocyanate ions of ultra-heat-treated milk samples." TURKISH JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY 42, no. 4 (August 3, 2018): 1184–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.3906/kim-1801-15.
Повний текст джерела
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Eiring, Anna M., Anupriya Agarwal, Jamshid S. Khorashad, Clinton C. Mason, David J. Anderson, Fan Yu, Hannah M. Redwine, et al. "The Tumor Suppressors, MS4A3 and G0S2, Are Downregulated in CML Cells with BCR-ABL1 Kinase-Independent Resistance." Blood 124, no. 21 (December 6, 2014): 1786. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v124.21.1786.1786.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract Background: The treatment and survival of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) patients has greatly improved after the discovery of imatinib; however, disease persistence and drug resistance remain as clinical problems. McWeeney et al. (Blood 2010;115:315-325) identified a gene expression signature predictive of primary cytogenetic resistance to imatinib in treatment-naïve CML chronic phase (CML-CP) patients lacking BCR-ABL1 kinase domain mutations. Comparison of this gene classifier with other studies revealed extensive overlap of resistance genes with genes associated with CML blastic transformation, suggesting that CML-CP patients destined to fail imatinib may exhibit a gene profile reminiscent of advanced CML. Based on rank predictive score from the microarray, the top transcripts found to be dysregulated in newly diagnosed patients who subsequently emerged as imatinib non-responders were: PLCXD2, EGF16, GAS2, RXFP1, ITGA2, MS4A3, FCN1, EMCN, EMCN, CLIP4, ZNF44 and G0S2. Among these, MS4A3 and G0S2 were differentially downregulated in non-responders compared to responders. Conversely, high levels of MS4A3 (p=0.059) and G0S2 (p=0.036) correlated with higher likelihood of major cytogenetic response and longer overall survival. MS4A3 (HTM4) is a hematopoietic cell cycle regulator that inhibits G1/S phase cell cycle transition, whereas G0S2 is proapoptotic mitochondrial protein that interacts with and antagonizes BCL-2. In this study, we investigated the potential role of MS4A3 and G0S2 as tumor suppressors in CML and their influence on TKI resistance and blastic transformation. MS4A3 and CML: Expression of p210BCR-ABL1 in 32Dcl3 or Mo7e myeloid progenitor cells resulted in an 80% reduction of MS4A3 mRNA relative to parental cells by qRT-PCR analysis. Imatinib treatment slightly restored MS4A3 levels in 32D-p210 or Mo7e-p210 cells, but did not return levels to those of normal controls growing with cytokine support. Consistent with a role for MS4A3 in CML blastic transformation, qRT-PCR revealed low levels of MS4A3 in cell line models of blastic phase CML (CML-BP), including K562, KYO-1, and KBM, that were unaffected by treatment with imatinib. Furthermore, qRT-PCR confirmed that MS4A3 is downregulated (~20-fold) in CML CD34+ progenitor cells from CML-BP (n=3) compared to CML-CP (n=5) patients and normal controls (n=3), and that these levels were unaffected by imatinib. We then used tetracycline-inducible shRNA directed against MS4A3 (shMS4A3) to knockdown MS4A3 in primary CML CD34+ cells from newly diagnosed CML-CP patients subsequently responding to TKIs. Western blot and qRT-PCR analyses confirmed MS4A3 downregulation upon exposure to doxycyline (0.1 ug/mL). shMS4A3 upregulated colony formation by 37.6% (p<0.001) in the absence of imatinib, 58.8% (p<0.0001) in 1 µM imatinib, and 138.4% (p<0.001) in 2.5 µM imatinib. Furthermore, shMS4A3 significantly reduced imatinib-induced apoptosis of CML-CP samples in the presence but not absence of doxycycline (p<0.02). G0S2 and CML: Consistent with a role for G0S2 in CML blastic transformation, qRT-PCR revealed that G0S2 mRNA is highly downregulated (~24-fold) in CML CD34+ progenitor cells from CML-BP (n=3) compared to CML-CP (n=5) patients and normal controls (n=3). G0S2 is also downregulated in TKI-resistant K562R and AR230R cells compared to parental TKI-sensitive counterparts. K562R and AR230R cells are resistant to all clinically approved TKIs, but lack BCR-ABL1 kinase domain mutations, implicating BCR-ABL1 kinase-independent TKI resistance. Ectopic expression of a Flag-tagged G0S2 (G0S2-Flag) significantly reduced colony formation in both parental K562 and AR230 cells, but had an even greater effect in TKI-resistant K562R and AR230R cells in the presence of imatinib. G0S2-Flag also impaired colony formation of CML-CP CD34+cells in both the presence (p<0.03) and absence (p<0.01) of imatinib (1 µM). Consistent with a proapoptotic role for G0S2, G0S2-Flag increased Annexin V positivity in all cell lines and patient samples tested. Conclusions:These findings suggest a role for loss of MS4A3 or G0S2 tumor suppressor function in both TKI resistance in the absence of explanatory BCR-ABL1 kinase domain mutations and in CML blastic transformation. Studies to test the effects of restored MS4A3 or G0S2 expression in CML-BP and TKI-resistant patient samples are currently underway. Disclosures Deininger: BMS, Novartis, Celgene, Genzyme, Gilead: Research Funding; BMA, ARIAD, Novartis, Incyte, Pfizer: Advisory Board, Advisory Board Other; BMS, ARIAD, Novartis, Incyte, Pfizer: Consultancy.
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Lin, Jinbiao, Ang Shi, Ziwu Zheng, Long Huang, Yixin Wang, Honggui Lin, and Xuexia Lin. "Simultaneous Quantification of Ampicillin and Kanamycin in Water Samples Based on Lateral Flow Aptasensor Strip with an Internal Line." Molecules 26, no. 13 (June 22, 2021): 3806. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules26133806.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In this work, a simple and rapid method based on the lateral flow assay (LFA) has been developed for the detection of dual antibiotics. To achieve the quantitative assay and to reduce the non-specific adsorption, an internal system has been developed. A non-specific DNA was exploited as an internal standard and could be recognized by the DNA marker that was coated at the internal line. Two different kinds of aptamers were applied to recognize ampicillin (AMP) and kanamycin (KAM), and the distance between the detection line and conjugate pad was then optimized. Under the optimum conditions, the quantitative assays of AMP (R2 = 0.984) and KAM (R2 = 0.990) were achieved with dynamic ranges of 0.50 to 500.0 ng/L, and of 0.50 to 1000.0 ng/L, respectively. The LOQs of AMP and KAM were 0.06 ng/L and 0.015 ng/L, respectively. Finally, the proposed method has been successfully applied to analyze aquaculture water, tap water, and lake water, and hospital wastewater, indicating the established method could be used to monitor the environment.
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Wuttichindanon, Suneerat, and Panya Issarawornrawanich. "Determining factors of key audit matter disclosure in Thailand." Pacific Accounting Review 32, no. 4 (November 26, 2020): 563–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/par-01-2020-0004.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Purpose In Southeast Asia, auditors play a crucial role in the quality of financial reports. With the introduction of a new format of auditors’ report that requires disclosure of key audit matters (KAM), the disclosure practice of auditors is, thus, of great interest. Specifically, this study aims to investigate the factors that auditors take into consideration when issuing KAMs. Design/methodology/approach The research design is quantitative, with a focus on the number of KAM disclosures issued by auditors. As existing studies rely on the number of KAM disclosures in the analysis, this current research, thus, uses the quantity of KAM disclosures for comparison purposes. The analysis relies on secondary data and multiple regression analysis is used to establish the association between the number of KAM disclosures and three groups of determining factors, namely, auditor characteristics, corporate governance mechanisms and firm characteristics. Findings The significant determining factors of KAM disclosure include auditor’s litigation risk, firm complexity, profitability and industry type. Firms using a Big 4 audit firm, firms with many subsidiaries and firms in the technology, property and construction and finance industries have higher numbers of KAMs, while highly profitable firms issue lower numbers of KAMs. As for corporate governance mechanisms, the number of KAMs is significantly positively correlated with the number of independent directors (p < 0.10). Originality/value This research includes key corporate governance parties in the examination, including external auditors, independent directors and audit committees. The finding affirms the influence of Big 4 on KAM disclosure in Southeast Asia, while their roles are not significant in Western samples. The result also unearths the monitoring role of independent directors in KAM disclosure. The role of the audit committee in KAM disclosure is insignificant in Thai samples, while the committee role is statistically significant in the Western samples. Variations in the findings between this study and previous research could be attributed to differences in institutional settings between both regions.
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Skrobak, Adam, Michal Stanek, David Manas, Martin Ovsik, Vojtech Senkerik, and Martin Reznicek. "Mechanical Properties of Rubber Samples." Key Engineering Materials 606 (March 2014): 249–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.606.249.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This article demonstrates what influence has a change in production technology on mechanical properties of rubber testing samples. It compares two basic production technologies compression molding and injection molding. The aim of this research is to show and evaluate to what extent the properties (tensile strength, extension, tear strength and microhardness) are influenced by the used production technology and to quantify this potential difference on the basis of standard tests. The mechanical tension test according the standard ISO 37, the test determining tear strength according to the standard ISO 34-1 and the instrumented microhardness test (DSI) according to the standard ISO 6507-1.
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Plavanescu Mazurchevici, Simona, Dumitru Nedelcu, Denise Bellisario, and Constantin Carausu. "Surface Analyses of Arboform Samples." Key Engineering Materials 699 (July 2016): 80–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.699.80.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Due to the global warming and diminishing petroleum oil reserves the conversion of biomass in useful biodegradable materials represent a tremendous need in terms of economic and environmental problem. During the last years, enormous effort have been sustained by the researchers who tried to develop and improve green (recyclable, biocompatible, and biodegradable) materials from renewable resources strengthening this way the global sustainability. Following this need a new material Arboform – „liquid wood“, that meets all the above conditions was developed by a team of german researchers appearing shortly on the market. This material can be processed like any other plastic material, so no need changing in terms of technological equipment. Since the injection molding is the most widely used process in manufacturing polymer products, unavoidable surface quality problems appear. In order to obtain a clear image of surface sample are analyzed the inherent properties of the used material, injection parameters and conditions using a Talysurf CLI 2000 profilometer. The equipment is able to perform high-accuracy measurements of the surface topography for Arboform L, V3 Nature (A-LW) and Arboform L, V3 Nature Reinforced with Aramid Fibers (A-LWAF) samples. The experimental research was achieved by means of the Taguchi experiment plan, with 6 input parameters (injection pressure, melt temperature, cooling time, screw displacement injection time and injection angle) each of them having two levels of variation. In case of 90 degrees angle injection (samples from 1 and 2 experiments) the dispersion roughness (Ra) measured on east-west direction is lower (26.6% for A-LW and 23.7% respectively for A-LWAF) compared with the roughness measurement on north-south direction. At 0 degrees angle injection the dispersion had the same trend (lower for east-west direction) of the A-LWAF 4 and 6 samples and higher in the east-west direction for 3 and 5 samples of A-LW material studied.
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Wang, Xi, Yujie Ning, Pan Zhang, Lei Yang, Cheng Li, Rong Zhou, and Xiong Guo. "Biological Analysis of Gene Expression and Clinical Variables Suggest FZD1 as a Novel Biomarker for Patients with Kashin-Beck Disease, an Endemic Osteoarthritis in China." Disease Markers 2019 (January 3, 2019): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/3736198.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Clinical variables contribute to the severity of Kashin-Beck disease (KBD). However, it is unclear if there is a correlation between gene expression and clinical variables. Peripheral blood samples were collected from 100 patients with KBD and 100 healthy controls from KBD-endemic areas to identify differentially expressed genes in KBD. Correlation analysis and multiple logistic regression analysis were performed using gene expression and clinical parameters. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was used to detect the expression of related proteins in articular cartilage tissues. Thirty-nine differentially expressed genes were identified in patients with KBD. Nine differentially expressed genes were correlated with the metacarpal length/metacarpal breadth index. FZD1 was identified as having statistical significance in establishing the regression model of clinical parameters and gene expression. FZD1 expression levels were remarkably reduced in patients with KBD. Our results indicate that FZD1 could be involved in the pathological process of phalanges tuberositas and brachydactylia and may provide new insight into the pathogenesis of articular cartilage destruction observed in patients with KBD.
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SEVEN ERDEMİR, Ümran. "Development of a sample preparation strategy for the determination of tungsten in soil samples by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry using a response surface methodology." TURKISH JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY 41 (2017): 354–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.3906/kim-1607-19.
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Guzev, Mikhail, and Vladimir Makarov. "Investigation of Deformation of Rock Samples." Key Engineering Materials 744 (July 2017): 61–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.744.61.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Deformation of rock samples compressed up to failure has been studied in laboratory. A system of trustworthy deformational precursors of the failure stage has been developed. The system includes long-term, middle-term and short-term precursors, which correspond to the threshold of dilatancy, change of the specific volume deformation, and jump of the specific volume deformation increments, respectively. Proposed methods of the complex research include deformation and mathematical methods. The mathematical model of deformation in samples of rocks at uniaxial compression is founded on hypothesis of self-equilibrium stresses. The model had been successfully used for description of oscillating deformation. Good coincidence between the experimental and theoretical results has been observed.
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PYRZYNSKA, Krystyna. "Chromium redox speciation in food samples." TURKISH JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY 40 (2016): 894–905. http://dx.doi.org/10.3906/kim-1606-5.
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Andriushchenko, Ekaterina, Vlada Semenova, and Pan Yuan. "Investigation of Tribological Characteristics of Polymers Used in Medicine." Key Engineering Materials 822 (September 2019): 656–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.822.656.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In this paper, an investigation of tribological properties of 3D printed samples with various filling is performed. The samples are made of biodegradable and non-toxic polylactic acid (PLA) that could be used for medical purposes as well as for rapid prototyping. The sample's properties, such as friction coefficient and temperature in contact area are defined by using the universal friction machine.
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Carter, Bing Z., Duncan H. Mak, Wendy D. Schober, Maria Cabreira-Hansen, Miloslav Beran, Teresa McQueen, Wenjing Chen, and Michael Andreeff. "Regulation of survivin expression through Bcr-Abl/MAPK cascade: targeting survivin overcomes imatinib resistance and increases imatinib sensitivity in imatinib-responsive CML cells." Blood 107, no. 4 (February 15, 2006): 1555–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2004-12-4704.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
KBM5 cells, derived from a patient with blast crisis Philadelphia chromosome-positive (Ph+) chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML), and imatinib-resistant KBM5 (KBM5-STI571) cells were found to express high levels of survivin. Inhibition of Bcr-Abl by imatinib significantly decreased survivin expression and cell viability in KBM5, but much less so in KBM5-STI571 cells. Inhibition of MEK, downstream of the Bcr-Abl signaling cascade decreased survivin expression and cell viability in both KBM5 and KBM5-STI571 cells. In addition, down-regulation of survivin by a survivin antisense oligonucleotide (Sur-AS-ODN) inhibited cell growth and induced maximal G2M block at 48 hours, whereas cell death was observed only at 72 hours in both KBM5 and KBM5-STI571 cells as shown by annexin V staining. Further, the combination of Sur-AS-ODN and imatinib induced more cell death in KBM5 cells than did either treatment alone. Down-regulating survivin also decreased colony-forming units (CFUs) in blast crisis CML patient samples. Our data therefore suggest that survivin is regulated by the Bcr-Abl/MAPK cascade in Ph+ CML. The facts that down-regulating survivin expression induced cell-growth arrest and subsequent cell death regardless of the cell response to imatinib and enhanced the sensitivity to imatinib suggest the potential therapeutic utility of this strategy in patients with CML, both imatinib sensitive and resistant.
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Nguyen, Hau Trung, Alina Sionkowska, Katarzyna Lewandowska, Patrycja Brudzyńska, Marta Szulc, Nabanita Saha, Tomas Saha, and Petr Saha. "Chitosan Modified by Kombucha-Derived Bacterial Cellulose: Rheological Behavior and Properties of Convened Biopolymer Films." Polymers 14, no. 21 (October 28, 2022): 4572. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym14214572.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This work investigates the rheological behavior and characteristics of solutions and convened biopolymer films from Chitosan (Chi) modified by kombucha-derived bacterial cellulose (KBC). The Arrhenius equation and the Ostwald de Waele model (power-law) revealed that the Chi/KBC solutions exhibited non-Newtonian behavior. Both temperature and KBC concentration strongly affected their solution viscosity. With the selection of a proper solvent for chitosan solubilization, it may be possible to improve the performances of chitosan films for specific applications. The elasticity of the prepared films containing KBC 10% w/w was preferable when compared to the controls. FTIR analysis has confirmed the presence of bacterial cellulose, chitosan acetate, and chitosan lactate as the corresponding components in the produced biopolymer films. The thermal behaviors of the Chi (lactic acid)/KBC samples showed slightly higher stability than Chi (acetic acid)/KBC. Generally, these results will be helpful in the preparation processes of the solutions and biopolymer films of Chi dissolved in acetic or lactic acid modified by KBC powder to fabricate food packaging, scaffolds, and bioprinting inks, or products related to injection or direct extrusion through a needle.
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Vorbrodt, A. W. "Demonstration of anionic sites on the luminal and abluminal fronts of endothelial cells with poly-L-lysine-gold complex." Journal of Histochemistry & Cytochemistry 35, no. 11 (November 1987): 1261–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/35.11.3655325.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
An attempt was made to demonstrate the anionic sites on the endothelial cell (EC) surfaces of mouse brain micro-blood vessels (MBVs) after embedding of tissue samples in hydrophilic media: Lowicryl K4M, LR White, and Polyamph-10. As a cationic probe, poly-L-lysine-gold complex (PLG), prepared according to the procedure of Skutelsky and Roth (J Histochem Cytochem 34:693, 1986), was used. In ultra-thin sections of brain samples embedded in Lowicryl K4M and LR White, the anionic sites were demonstrated in the entire cross-section of the vessel wall. After embedding in Polyamph-10, however, the anionic sites could not be detected. Brain capillaries, representing blood-brain barrier type MBVs, showed polar distribution of anionic sites, evidenced by more intense labeling of luminal than of abluminal plasma membrane of the EC. Some differences in labeling of ECs and of basement membrane in arterioles and venules were also noted. The use of cationic gold and the ultra-thin sections of tissue samples embedded in hydrophilic media (Lowicryl K4M and LR White) seems to be a promising new method for detection of anionic constituents located on both luminal and abluminal surfaces of the EC, in the basement membrane, and in other components of the vessel wall.
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Lin, Yuhung, and Yaling Qian. "Mineral Composition of Kentucky Bluegrass under Recycled Water Irrigation on Golf Courses." HortScience 54, no. 2 (February 2019): 357–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci13650-18.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Golf courses in the western United States increasingly are being irrigated with recycled water. Research was conducted on eight golf courses in a semiarid region, including three courses with recycled water irrigation for 10 years, three courses with recycled water irrigation for 18 to 26 years, and two courses with surface water for irrigation for 15 and 18 years. Turf quality of kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis) (KBG), the most widely used turfgrass species in the United States, was evaluated on 25 roughs from the aforementioned golf courses. Concurrently, KBG shoot samples and soil samples from these sites were collected. Shoots of KBG were analyzed for mineral concentrations, including sodium (Na), calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), potassium (K), chlorine (Cl), boron (B), sulfur (S), phosphorus (P), manganese, iron, zinc, copper, and molybdenum. Electrical conductivity (EC) and sodium absorption ratio (SAR) of soil saturated paste were determined. Recycled water irrigation for 10 and >18 years increased clipping Na by 4.3 and 9.9 times and Cl by 1.5 and 1.3 times, respectively. Compared with surface water irrigation, B concentration in KBG shoots increased by 3.5 times and K concentration reduced by 16% on sites with recycled water irrigation for >18 years. Multiple regression analysis was conducted to identify the relationships between mineral concentration in shoots and turf quality. There was a negative linear relationship between turf quality and Na concentration in the shoots (R2 = 0.65). Soil SAR in 0 to 20 cm depth was highly associated with KBG shoot Na, as documented by a logarithmic regression of R2 = 0.70. Stepwise regression indicated that Na accumulation in the shoots was the leading plant variable causing the decline of turf quality under recycled water irrigation. Therefore, it is reasonable to believe that water treatment and management practices that can reduce soil SAR and Na concentration in KBG shoots would improve turf quality and plant health.
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Manjappa, MR, T. Pandiaraj, R. S. Ekka, I. G. Prabhu, M. M. Baig, A. Sahay, and K. Sathyanarayana. "Composition of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria in forest and systematic plantations of tasar silkworm food plants and their relationship with soil and leaf nutrients." Journal of Environmental Biology 44, no. 3(SI) (June 3, 2023): 432–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.22438/jeb/44/3(si)/jeb-08.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Aim: To investigate the status of bacterial load and number of isolates of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria in forest and systematic plantation of Terminalia tomentosa and T. arjuna, and their relationship with soil and leaf nutrient levels. Methodology: Soil samples were collected from the rhizosphere of food plants in four tasar silkworm rearing regions of India. Bacterial load of total bacteria, Nitrogen fixing bacteria (NFB), Phosphate Solubilizing Bacteria (PSB) and bacteria grown on King's B media (KBB) was enumerated on specific media by employing serial dilution technique. Based on the colony morphology and cell type, distinct colonies on specific media were counted as isolate. Nutrient levels in soil and leaf samples collected from different plantations were analyzed. Multivariate correlation analysis was performed between PGPR microbial load and isolates with soil physio-chemical parameters and leaf nutrients. Results: The rhizosphere of forest plants possessed the highest total bacterial load, the systematic plantation possessed the highest NFB load, whereas PSB and KBB load was equal in both the plantations. Forest plantations of Keonjhar and Sundergarh regions had the highest number of NFB isolates per rhizosphere soil sample and systematic plantations possessed the highest number of KBB (Keonjhar and Sundergarh regions) and PSB isolates (West Singhbhum region). Positive correlation was observed between PSB load and the number of isolates with soil organic carbon, KBB load with soil electrical conductivity and available potassium, PSB load and KBB isolates with soil available sulphur. NFB and KBB load and their isolates showed positive correlation with leaf N and K content. Interpretation: Results suggest the possibility of improving leaf nutrient quality of tasar silkworm food plants by enriching PGPR microbial load through biofertilizer application. Key words: Rhizobacteria composition, Soil nutrients, Silkworm, Terminalia tomentosa, Terminalia arjuna
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Mak, Duncan H., Wendy D. Schober, Wenjing Chen, Jorge E. Cortes, Hagop M. Kantarjian, Michael Andreeff, and Bing Z. Carter. "Triptolide Induces Cell Death Independent of Cellular Responses to Imatinib in Blast Crisis CML Cells and Sensitizes Imatinib." Blood 110, no. 11 (November 16, 2007): 1610. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v110.11.1610.1610.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract Imatinib, a Bcr-Abl tyrosine kinase inhibitor has revolutionized the treatment of patients with CML. However, resistance develops due to Bcr-Abl gene mutations and various other mechanisms. Although second generation Bcr-Abl inhibitors can overcome most of the mutation driven resistance, they cannot overcome other resistance mechanisms. Furthermore, Imatinib has limited effectiveness in patients with blast crisis (BC) CML. We have previously shown that triptolide, an anti-cancer agent isolated from a Chinese herb, potently induces apoptosis in AML cells in part by decreasing the levels of XIAP and Mcl-1, two potent antiapoptotic proteins. Here we investigated its effect on Philadelphia chromosome positive (Ph+) cells and found that at low nM concentrations, triptolide induced significant cell death in K562 (IC50=113.4±3.9 nM) and KBM5 (IC50=30.0±2.1 nM) cells, two cell lines derived from BC CML patients, as well as in ALL-1 cells (IC50=113.8±1.4 nM), a cell line derived from Ph+ ALL. Interestingly, KBM5-STI571 cells, an Imatinib resistant KBM5 subline bearing the T315I mutation which is resistant to most available Bcr-Abl tyrosine kinase inhibitors, were as sensitive as KBM5 cells to triptolide. Likewise, triptolide killed Ba/F3 cells harboring BCR-ABL mutants (E255K and T315I) with similar efficacy as Ba/F3 cells carrying the wild type BCR-ABL gene. We then treated 8 samples from 7 CML patients with blasts ranging from 10–91% with triptolide (up to 100 nM) in vitro. Triptolide induced cell death in all samples tested. Importantly, 6/7 samples were from patients resistant/relapsed after Imatinib. Three were also nonresponsive to Nilotinib and one to neither Nilotinib nor Dasatinib. Next we tried to elucidate the possible apoptosis regulators involved in triptolide-induced cell death. Triptolide decreased antiapoptotic XIAP, Mcl-1 and Bcr-Abl protein levels in K562 cells and in blast cells from CML patients. Based on this observation, we treated CML cells with both triptolide and Imatinib. The combination synergistically induced cell death in K562 cells (CI=0.50±0.14). In KBM5 cells, Imatinib antagonized rather than enhanced triptolide when administrated simultaneously: Triptolide alone induced cell death with IC50=24.3±2.8 nM at 48 hours, while in combination with 1 μM Imatinib, the IC50 increased to 82.9±4.1 nM. This is probably due to the fact that Imatinib primarily blocks KBM5 cells in G0/G1 and that resting cells were less sensitive to triptolide. We therefore pretreated KBM5 cells with triptolide for 24 hrs followed by 1 μM Imatinib for 24 hrs. This sequential treatment was more effective to induce cell death in KBM5 cells (IC50=15.4±0.6 nM). Triptolide did not sensitize Imatinib resistant KBM5-STI571 cells. Conclusion: Results suggest that triptolide potently induces cell death in BC CML cells and that the cell death induced by triptolide is independent of response to Imatinib or other second generation Bcr-Abl kinase inhibitors. Triptolide could be of potential benefit to CML patients in blast crisis and CML patients failing Bcr-Abl tyrosine kinase inhibitors.
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Dugauguez, Olivier, Jose Manuel Torralba, Thierry Barrière, and Jean Claude Gelin. "Unconventional Methods of Sintering Inconel 718 MIM Samples." Key Engineering Materials 716 (October 2016): 830–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.716.830.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In this investigation, three different ways of sintering Inconel 718 MIM samples are compared. The conventional way of sintering in a furnace will be compared to FAHP and microwave sintering. The difficulty of these two methods is to be able to control the shrinkage of the sample and so its shape. These methods have yet not been investigated with a super alloy powder and so, the effects of a high sintering rate on a MIM sample. By accelerating the sintering kinetics, the thermal behavior may be modified. Hence, the behavior of the Inconel 718 sintered by field assisted and microwave sintering has been investigated. The sintered samples were all injected from a feedstock composed of a fine particle Inconel powder and a binder principally composed of CAB and PEG. They were debinded into water for 24h and put in a furnace at 500°C during 2 hours. The heating rate of the furnace was set to 5°C/min until 1290°C during 2 hours. The heating rate of the FAHP was set to 50°C/min until 1250°C during 15 minutes. The microwave samples were sintered around 1300°C during 1 hour, the temperature was increased progressively by steps of 100°C. The effects of the different process on the microstructure and the mechanical properties are then compared. There was no difference in distribution of pores between the conventional sintering and the FAHP sintering but a finer grain size showed better hardness. The microwave sintering of a MIM sample is more complex and the best properties were not obtained.
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Ankara, Hüseyin, Mehmet Aksoy, Suheyla Yerel, and Yasar Keser. "Determination of Slake Durability Index with Spherical Samples." Key Engineering Materials 548 (April 2013): 247–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.548.247.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In this study, the preparation method of the equivalent sized spherical samples which is called as Pasha Method is applied to slake durability index test. In order to apply this sample preparation method, white and pink tuff samples were collected at the tuff quarries located at the Eskisehir region in Turkey. After sample preparation stage, these tuff samples were subjected to the Slake Durability Index test in the laboratory. According to the test results presented in this paper, the highest slake durability index values were obtained from equal-sized spherical test samples that are prepared according to the new method, Pasha Method, when compared to the other two types of samples.
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Holub, Jan, Bastien Desbos, Vítězslav Vacek, and Jiří Kolísko. "Determination of Material Acoustic Features Using Small Samples." Key Engineering Materials 606 (March 2014): 111–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.606.111.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
A new method to determine acoustic absorption in-situ is described in this paper. For practical consideration, this measurement can be performed on small samples (square of 60x60cm). This paper describes all the steps needed to obtain results: device setup, recording, signal processing.
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Jenabi, Amin, Ali Hooshyar Zare, and Sobhan Erfantalab. "Voltammetry of Micro-Liter Electrolyte Samples on ITO Microelectrodes for Analyte Recognition." Key Engineering Materials 605 (April 2014): 601–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.605.601.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Obtaining information on the nature of ionic species in electrolyte samples is in demand. The examination process must take less than ~1 min, and the test is expected to require small volume (micro-liter) samples. Here, we report electrolyte examination results with a simple voltammetry process carried out on thin film indium tin oxide micro-electrodes deposited on polyethylene terephthalate substrates and micromachined by CO2 laser ablation. The sample volume required is 2 μl, which is dropped manually on the electrodes with a sampler. The voltage waveform applied between the electrodes is a combination of positive and negative pulses of different magnitudes. The transient electric current passing through the electrolyte is monitored and plotted versus time. These plots are utilized as the finger prints of the related electrolyte samples. Pattern recognition methods are employed for information extraction from the obtained patterns. The diagnostic information extracted from these patterns proved sufficient for discrimination among KF, KCl and KI samples at various concentrations.
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Malay, Irvan. "KONTRIBUSI MODEL INQUIRY TERBIMBING TERHADAP KEMAMPUAN PENALARAN MAHASISWA PROGRAM STUDI MANAJEMEN PADA MATA KULIAH MATEMATIKA EKONOMI." MES: Journal of Mathematics Education and Science 7, no. 2 (April 1, 2022): 42–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.30743/mes.v7i2.5140.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The purpose of this study was to determine the contribution of the guided inquiry learning model to the reasoning ability of students. This research is a quasi-experimental study using two groups of samples (experimental and control) that have been declared normal and homogeneous. The study was conducted at SMP Negeri 27 Medan in 8th-grade students with two classes sample, each class with 40 students. The instrument used was in the form of a reasoning ability test consisting of pretest questions (6 items) and posttests (3 items) which have been declared valid and reliable. The results showed that in the guided inquiry class, students 'reasoning ability was influenced by the KAM value of 66%, while in the expository class, students' reasoning ability was influenced by the KAM value of 71.3%. This shows that the contribution of KAM in the guided inquiry class is smaller than the contribution of KAM in the expository class on reasoning ability (66% 71.3%).
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Afri, Lisa Dwi. "Penerapan Pembelajaran Inkuiri Terbimbing dengan Pendekatan Concrete-Representational-Abstract dalam Meningkatkan Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah Siswa SMP." Math Educa Journal 1, no. 2 (October 30, 2017): 175–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.15548/mej.v1i2.25.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This research is motivated by the importance and still not optimal problem solving ability of student mathematical problem. This study examines the improvement of students 'mathematical problem-solving abilities that acquire Guided Inquiry learning with Concrete-Representational-Abstract approach (ITCRA) and students who have received conventional learning, in terms of overall and math skills categories KAM (high, middle, low). This research is a quasi experiment with non-equivalent control group design. The population is grade VIII SMPN 1 Padang Panjang Lesson Year 2014/2015, and the samples are two classes from seven existing classes. Instruments used in the form of tests, observation sheets, and interview guidelines. The data obtained were analyzed using the difference test, ie t-test and mann-whitney. The results showed that: 1) The achievement and improvement of mathematical problem solving ability of students who received ITCRA learning overall better than those who received conventional learning, 2) the increased mathematical problem solving ability of moderate KAM and low KAM better than those with conventional learning, whereas in high KAM, students who received ITCRA learning was no better than that of conventional learning, and 3) there was a difference in the improvement of students' mathematical problem solving abilities of high KAM categories with KAM moderate and low category students who received ITCRA learning. However, there were no significant differences between moderate and low KAM category studentsKeywords: Guided Inquiry, concrete-representational-abstact, problem solving
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Deng, Huan, Xiang Xiao, Mumba Mulutula Chilufya, Lichun Qiao, Yizhen Lv, Ziwei Guo, Jian Lei, et al. "Altered Expression of the Hedgehog Pathway Proteins BMP2, BMP4, SHH, and IHH Involved in Knee Cartilage Damage of Patients With Osteoarthritis and Kashin-Beck Disease." CARTILAGE 13, no. 1 (January 2022): 194760352210877. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/19476035221087706.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Objective To investigate the expression of Hedgehog (HH) signaling pathway proteins in knee articular cartilage from Kashin-Beck disease (KBD) and osteoarthritis (OA) patients. Methods Knee articular cartilage samples were collected from normal (N), OA, and KBD adults (aged 38-60 years) and divided into 3 groups with 6 subjects in each group. The localization of the HH pathway proteins bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP2), bone morphogenetic protein 4 (BMP4), Sonic hedgehog (SHH), and Indian hedgehog (IHH) was observed with the microscope after immunohistochemical (IHC) staining. Positive staining cell rates of each proteins were compared. Results The strongest stainings of all proteins were observed in the middle zones of all 3 groups. The positive staining rates of BMP4 and IHH were significantly lower in the OA and KBD groups than those in the N group in all 3 zones. The positive staining rates of BMP2 and SHH tend to be lower in the OA and KBD groups than those in the N group in the deep zone, while higher in the OA and KBD groups than those in the N group in superficial and middle zones. Conclusions Altered expression of the HH pathway proteins BMP2, BMP4, SHH, and IHH was found in OA and KBD articular cartilage. There seemed to be a compensatory effect between SHH and IHH in cartilage damage. Further studies on the pathogenesis of OA and KBD may be carried out from these aspects in the future.
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Miller, J. J., M. L. Owen, X. M. Yang, C. F. Drury, W. D. Reynolds, and D. S. Chanasyk. "Long-term cropping and fertilization influences soil organic carbon, soil water repellency, and soil hydrophobicity." Canadian Journal of Soil Science 100, no. 3 (September 1, 2020): 234–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjss-2019-0129.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Long-term (58 yr) cropping and fertilization effects on soil water repellency were determined for a clay loam soil in southwestern Ontario, Canada by measuring soil organic carbon (SOC), soil water repellency index (RI), and soil hydrophobicity (SH). The 12 treatments (non-replicated) included fertilized and non-fertilized legume-based crop rotation (ROT) with four phases (corn–oat–alfalfa–alfalfa), continuous corn (CC), and continuous Kentucky bluegrass (KBG). We hypothesized that SOC, RI, and SH would be greater for each phase of the ROT versus CC, KBG versus CC and ROT, and fertilized versus non-fertilized treatments. Surface (0–10 cm) soil samples were collected in the spring of 2017. Laboratory measurements were conducted to determine SOC, RI (ratio of soil sorptivity to ethanol and water), and SH (ratio of hydrophobic CH– to hydrophilic CO– functional groups). Mean SOC and SH were greater (P ≤ 0.05) for each phase of the ROT versus CC (33% to 2.4 times), KBG versus CC (3.2–6 times) and each phase of ROT (2.2–2.8 times), and fertilized versus non-fertilized rotation oats and KBG (15%–30%). Mean RI was greater for KBG versus CC (4.8 times) and KBG versus each phase of the ROT (3.0–5.5 times) under fertilization only, greater for fertilized versus non-fertilized KBG (6.8 times), but similar for each phase of ROT versus CC. In general, legume-based rotations, perennial grass, and fertilizer enhanced SOC and SH, and to a lesser extent soil RI.
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Sorhue, Ufuoma G., Emenim R. Onainor, Adimabua M. Moemeka, and Irikefe-Ekeke E. Peterson. "Dietary Inclusion of Scent Leaf Meal (Ocimum Gratissimum) Affects Immune Genes Expression in Chicken Spleen at 28 and 56 Days." Animal Review 8, no. 1 (October 11, 2021): 10–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.18488/journal.ar.2021.81.10.19.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This study was conducted to examine the effects of scent leaf meal (Ocimum gratissimum) on expression of inflammatory cytokines in the spleen of two chicken strains. A total of 150birds (75 of each strain) were randomly allotted into five dietary treatments at fifteen birds per treatment. Birds were fed diet containing varying levels of Ocimum gratissimum leaf meal. Treatment one (T1) had 0% OG, while treatment two (T2), treatment three (T3), treatment four (T4) and treatment five (T5) had 0.5% OG, 1.00% OG, 1.5% OG and 2% OG respectively. Feed and water was provided adlibitum throughout the feeding trial. Three birds were slaughtered from each treatment at day 28 and day 56, spleen samples were collected and stored using RNALater in a -20oc freezer prior to RNA extraction. Real-time qPCR was performed in 40cycles using the PowerUp SYBR Green reagent and analyzed with the 2-∆∆Ct method. Gene expression data were subjected to two-way analysis of variance. Strain effect was significantly different (P<0.05) at both time points. All the genes studied significantly differed (P<0.05) in their expression patterns at 28 and 56days of age. Increased inclusion rate of the test ingredients significantly (P<0.05) reduced IL1β and NF-KB1, while increasing IL10 and NF-KB2. Ocimim gratissimum leaf meal shows promise in the regulation of inflammation in chickens and can be used to efficiently replace antibiotics in broiler production.
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Mochizuki, Seiichi, M. Goto, Y. Ogasawara, and F. Kajiya. "Direct Measurement of NO in Biological Samples." Key Engineering Materials 381-382 (June 2008): 343–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.381-382.343.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Nitric oxide (NO) produced in the endothelial cells and other tissues has been known to play a range of physiological roles including vasodilation. Thus, direct in vivo measurement of NO is of great importance for clarification of physiological roles of NO and development of therapeutics using NO. It has long been assumed that NO is readily oxidized in blood and cannot be detected; however, some recent reports demonstrated much longer half-life of NO in the blood stream in vivo. Recently, we reported the basic performance of an NO sensor which is applicable to in vivo measurement. This sensor can detect NO in the blood stream in an anesthetized rat and some biological samples including a dialysis solution. In these studies we found that NO itself showed dynamic changes different from these of oxidative products of NO (nitrite and nitrate) that are conventionally used as indices of NO level. We have also developed a catheter-type NO sensor and demonstrated validity of the sensor for in vivo measurement of NO in the aorta and coronary sinus of anesthetized dogs and rabbits. Both endothelium-dependent and -independent NO productions could be detected. In conclusion, the NO sensor and the catheter-type NO sensor are applicable to direct measurement of NO in biological samples even in vivo and will contribute to clarification of physiological roles of NO.
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Lei, Qi-Yi, Jiang-Ju Zhou, Yong Xiong, Wen-Hua Zhang, Jing Luo, and Chun-Lin Long. "Genetic Diversity Evaluation and Conservation of Kam Fragrant Glutinous Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Germplasm in Southeast Guizhou, China." Plants 10, no. 9 (September 14, 2021): 1898. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants10091898.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The genetic diversity of rice germplasm is the basis for increases in rice yield and quality. The collection, assessment, and protection of the genetic diversity of rice germplasm is important for achieving sustainable agriculture and assuring food security. Many underdeveloped indigenous areas have abundant and valuable rice germplasm resources. However, in-depth assessments of the genetic diversity of rice germplasm from these areas and studies related to protecting these traditional cultures are not available. In this study, from 2005 to 2016, the authors have conducted in-depth evaluation of the genetic diversity of Kam fragrant glutinous rice germplasm resources in southeast Guizhou by using multidisciplinary comprehensive methods such as ethnobotany, cultural anthropology, and modern molecular markers. In total, 376 Kam fragrant glutinous rice samples from 42 villages in the Dong community in southeast Guizhou were collected. Agronomic traits of panicles were complex and exhibited diversity. Some varieties had good disease resistance and adaptation to cold and wet climates. The Dong people named the Kam fragrant glutinous rice varieties by using seven elements, including diverse traits, growth environment, and origin. Traditional folk classification, in addition to morphology and biological analysis using molecular markers, indicates that Kam fragrant glutinous rice includes 91 varieties. Kam fragrant glutinous rice comprises a very high number of varieties, most of which are japonica-type and exhibit a high level of genetic diversity. The traditional folk classification of Kam fragrant glutinous rice by the Dong community is consistent with the biological classification. The traditional naming of Kam fragrant glutinous rice provides an important reference for understanding its genetic diversity. The high level of genetic diversity in Kam fragrant glutinous rice is not only related to the natural environment of the area but also tightly linked with the abundant and diverse Dong ethnic traditional cultures, which has led to protection of Kam fragrant glutinous rice’s genetic diversity.
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Tomiyasu, K., F. Nasu, H. Igarashi, and K. Inomata. "Stereoscopic observation of enzyme distribution in lowicryl K4M-embedded specimens by conventional electron microscopy." Journal of Histochemistry & Cytochemistry 38, no. 4 (April 1990): 595–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/38.4.2156924.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The present investigation was undertaken to explore the value of the Lowicryl K4M embedding technique for enzyme histochemical examination of semi-thin sections. The low-temperature embedding procedure with Lowicryl K4M was found to provide favorable conditions for preservation of enzyme activity in tissue samples. We tested the histological effects of various fixatives; the best results were obtained using 4% paraformaldehyde when testing for AcPase, AlPase, TPPase, and Mg-ATPase in the dorsal root ganglion. The three-dimensional cellular fine structure could be clearly seen in stereo pair pictures under stereoscopy.
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Becze-Deák, T., R. E. Vandenberghe, and E. De Grave. "Morin Transition Study of Hematite Powder Samples: Preliminary Results." Key Engineering Materials 103 (May 1995): 227–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.103.227.
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Luangnaem, Chaisiri, Apha Sathonsaowaphak, Onlamee Kamon-In, and Kedsarin Pimraksa. "Development of Engobe Samples for Dan Kwian Ceramic Body." Key Engineering Materials 608 (April 2014): 325–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.608.325.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This paper developed engobe samples for Dan Kwian ceramic body. Kaolinite clay, zirconium silicate, sodium feldspar and quartz were used as raw materials which were varied to obtain various samples. Mix proportion was designed by the square sampling method to obtain 16 samples. All samples were milled and fired at 1200°C under oxidation and reduction atmospheres. The results showed that the suitable engobe composition of kaolinite clay 10 wt%, zirconium silicate 10 wt%, sodium feldspar 40 wt% and quartz 40 wt% to produce good surface appearance for Dan Kwian ceramics. Engobe surfaces and the body had no defect both in the oxidation and reduction atmospheres. The color and engobe surface were opaque white and glossy, respectively.
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Grzegorzewska, Alicja E. "Urea Peritoneal Transfer Evaluated Using Plasma Water Urea Concentrations." Peritoneal Dialysis International: Journal of the International Society for Peritoneal Dialysis 14, no. 3 (July 1994): 243–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/089686089401400309.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Objective To quantify differences in evaluation of urea peritoneal transport parameters according to the expression of urea concentration in whole plasma and plasma water. Design Prospective study in which the dialysate samples for urea determinations were taken at short dwell times (2.5 45 minutes) during three consecutive exchanges of intermittent peritoneal dialysis (IPD). Blood samples were drawn at the beginning and at the end of the study period. Urea peritoneal transport parameters were calculated using urea concentration in whole plasma and plasma water. The results were then compared. Setting Peritoneal dialysis unit of a nephrology de partment. Patients Ten stable patients on IPD. Interventions Dialysateand blood sample collections.. Main Outcome Measures: Dialysate-to-plasma ratios (DIP), peritoneal clearances (Cp)’ and diffusive mass transport coefficients (KBD) of urea. Results At short dwell times, uncorrected (whole plasma) DIP and Cp of urea values were higher than the corrected (plasma water) values by 5.7% -5.9%. Uncorrected urea KBD’ calculated using the simplified two sample model of Garred et al., yielded an overestimation that significantly increased with prolongation of dwell (8.5±0.5% at 2.5 minutes vs 13.0±0.8% at 45 minutes). Urea KBD’ assessed by the linear regression model of Garred and Spencer, was 9.4±0.3% higher for uncorrected values. Conclusions The expression of urea concentration in whole plasma instead of plasma water overestimates urea peritoneal transfer parameters. The percent overestimation (y) of urea KBD’ calculated using the simplified model of Garred et al., can be predicted with the equation y = 0.131x+ 7.563, wherex is the dwell time (in minutes).
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Khalisanni Khalid, Noorhapizah Napiah, Ruzaina Ishak, Raseetha Siva, and Sumaiyah Abdullah. "Occurrences of Aflatoxins in Selected Rice Production Areas in Malaysia." Journal of Tropical Plant Physiology 14, no. 1 (June 1, 2022): 8. http://dx.doi.org/10.56999/jtpp.2022.14.1.21.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Mycotoxins contamination in rice often occurs in the field prior to harvest, processing and storage. The possible coexistence of four mycotoxins in rice including aflatoxin B1, B2, G1 and G2 were investigated in the present study. The samples of rice were collected in 33 rice production areas of Padiberas Nasional Berhad (BERNAS) Rice Factories (KBB) in Malaysia. These toxins were extracted from the samples, purified and finally quantified by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with fluorimetry detection. Contamination of aflatoxin G1 was found to be the most prominent, followed by B2, G2 and B1. The coexistence of aflatoxin G1 in rice was found in the highest percentage. Occurrences of aflatoxin B1, B2, G1 and G2 at 36 rice production areas showed a significant difference between east, north and central Peninsular Malaysia ranging from 0.45 to 5.98 ng/g. The mean values for aflatoxin B1, B2, G1 and G2 were 3.234, 4.697, 6.588 and 0.773 ng/g, respectively. The total aflatoxin levels for Kuching (7.61 ng/g), KBB Sungai Limau (7.33 ng/g) and KBB Paya Keladi (6.59 ng/g) were found to exceed the levels set by the European Commission (EC) as well as by the Malaysia Food Regulation 1985. Moreover, the B1 levels for Kuching (3.56 ng/g) and Sarikei (2.42 ng/g) samples also exceeded the level set for B1 by the European Commission. Nevertheless, the findings showed that the concentrations of aflatoxin in most of the rice production areas in Malaysia are still below the permissible limit under both the EC and Malaysia.
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Zhang, Hua Yong, Xiao Jian Liu, Hai Yan Sun, and Chun Sheng Fan. "A Sample Holder for X-Ray Powder Diffraction Studies of Flakiness and Block Sample." Key Engineering Materials 544 (March 2013): 433–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.544.433.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) is one of the primary techniques used to characterize solid state materials. But there is not a sample holder which can be fit into the sample carrier of the Bruker D8-Advance x-ray powder diffractometer for flakiness and block samples test. In this article, we will design, manufacture and evaluate a sample holder for flakiness and block samples. Materials of the holder are steel, glass and plasticine etc. The holder is low cost, easy to be processed, convenience to prepare the samples, and accurately obtain the best analytical results.
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Cambruzzi, Andrea, and Jürg Dual. "Fatigue Crack Growth Experiments of Resonating Micro-Samples." Key Engineering Materials 345-346 (August 2007): 817–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.345-346.817.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The reliability and optimal design of Micro Electro Mechanical Systems (MEMS) can be achieved only with the determination of material properties at the micro-scale. The major challenges in performing fatigue tests at the micro-scale are related to the accurate measurement of tiny deformations, to the control of very low forces and to the preparation, handling and positioning of μm-sized samples. In order to investigate the fatigue behaviour of MEMS components a new experimental setup based on the Phase Lock Loop (PLL) technique and a continuum mechanical model were developed for the characterization of micro-sized test samples. The main advantage of PLL is the achievable resolution in the crack length measurement, which increases with the decreasing of specimen size. Therefore, micro-beams with notches and without notches were prepared by electroplating Nickel in a SU8 photoresist mold (UV-LIGA). Investigations on the initiation and near-threshold crack growth behavior were performed to improve the understanding of the micro-mechanisms involved in fatigue phenomena.
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DONG, WEI, YAXU ZHANG, HUI LIU, BEN GAO, DE’AN LI, and JIANBO YANG. "Detection of Unsaturated Disaccharides, Pyridinoline, and Hydroxyproline in Urine of Patients with Kashin-Beck Disease: Comparison with Controls in an Endemic Area." Journal of Rheumatology 36, no. 4 (March 13, 2009): 816–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.3899/jrheum.080642.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Objective.To investigate the pathologic status of adult patients with Kashin-Beck disease (KBD) in an endemic area of China through detection of 5 biochemical markers in their urine, and to study the correlations between these markers and KBD.Methods.A total of 55 patients with KBD over age 40 years were recruited and divided into groups, Grade 1 and Grade 2, according to clinical diagnosis criteria for KBD and our inclusion criteria; 25 healthy persons were enrolled into a control group. The first-time urine of the 80 participants was collected in the morning. Three unsaturated disaccharides, pyridinoline (PYD), and hydroxyproline (HYP) were detected in urine samples with high performance liquid chromatography, ELISA, and a chemical kit. Mean levels of these markers were compared in the 3 groups.Results.The mean concentrations of 3 unsaturated disaccharides and PYD in the Grade 2 group were significantly higher than levels in the Grade 1 group and controls (p < 0.05). There was no significant difference between findings in the Grade 1 group and controls. Levels of 3 unsaturated disaccharides correlated with each other (p < 0.01). The correlation coefficient between PYD and HYP was 0.470 (p < 0.01). Except for HYP, the other markers all correlated with grade of KBD, rather than age or sex of subjects.Conclusion.The cartilage degradation of patients with Grade 2 KBD was more severe than that of Grade 1 patients and controls. The pathologic condition of Grade 1 patients was mild. Except for HYP, the markers we investigated specifically reflected the pathologic bone metabolism of adult patients with KBD. Trial registration number ChiCTR-TRC-00000140.
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Monarumit, Natthapong, Chakkrich Boonmee, Sermrak Ingavanija, Thanapong Lhuaamporn, Pornsawat Wathanakul, and Somruedee Satitkune. "Internal Features of Glass Filled Ruby Samples Probed by EPMA." Key Engineering Materials 744 (July 2017): 409–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.744.409.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Glass filled ruby is one of the treated rubies that consist of the additive substance to improve the clarity of ruby. There are many variations of glass filled rubies based on their chemical additives to fulfill the fractures during heat treatment process. However, the quality and the price of ruby are related to the different types of glass materials. Thus, the aim of this study is important to classify the type of glass materials inside the ruby samples by a non-destructive property such as their internal features. In this research, the glass filled ruby samples were collected including lead-glass filled rubies and high alumina-glass filled rubies. The surface and internal features in macro scale of the samples were observed by gem microscope. Moreover, their internal features were magnified to detect the chemical content of fractures and groundmass using electron probe micro analyzer (EPMA). As the results, there are high PbO and SiO2 in the fractures of lead-glass filled rubies. Besides, there are high Al2O3 mixing with SiO2 in the fractures of high alumina-glass filled rubies. It could be summarized that the varieties of glass filled ruby samples have been classified by the glass materials in their fractures.
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Menčík, Jaroslav. "Limitations of Similarity Principle in Indentation Testing of Small Samples." Key Engineering Materials 586 (September 2013): 47–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.586.47.
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