Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Kayaking – Florida – Okeechobee, Lake, Region"

A survey of Florida highway rights-of-way was conducted during 1984–85 to determine the occurrence and severity of cogongrass infestation. Florida Department of Transportation district maintenance engineers surveyed 8,200 km of limited-access and other major highways (22% of highway system). Cogongrass was distributed widely from the north central region southward through the central Florida ridge north of Lake Okeechobee. Highest frequencies were in counties where cogongrass was used for forage and soil stabilization during the 1950s. The large, widely scattered cogongrass infestations probably were established during extensive roadway construction and routine maintenance which used rhizome-contaminated fill soil.

Deviations among Carlson's trophic state index values were used to quantify a 12-year history of seston composition and underwater light attenuation in Lake Okeechobee, Florida, U.S.A. Deviations between chlorophyll a, total phosphorus, and transparency-based trophic state indices indicated that (i) light attenuation is generally dominated by phosphorus-rich abiotic particles; (ii) abiotic light attenuation is maximal in a central lake region overlying soft mud sediments, and minimal in a near-littoral region overlying hard sand; and (iii) there has been a progressive increase in the relative contribution of algal pigments to total light attenuation between 1980 and 1992. Coincident with that 12-year trend, there have been declines in external nitrogen loads, lake water nitrogen:phosphorus ratios, and wind velocities. Surface water temperatures in the lake have significantly increased. Explanations for the trend in light attenuation include (i) more favorable meteorological conditions for algal growth, which increased the contribution of algae to overall light attenuation and (ii) reduced nitrogen:phosphorus ratios favoring proliferation of buoyant cyanobacteria, which are more effectively sampled by surface water monitoring. In either case, the trend did not coincide historically with enhanced nutrient loading, the common cause of algal proliferation in lakes.

Abstract Dolphins and humans are exposed to the same toxins in seafood. Over 2 billion people worldwide rely on seafood as their major source of protein and 60% of people live in coastal areas. Resident coastal dolphins are exposed to marine pollution in the same fashion as humans who frequently consume seafood, thus any indication of disease in dolphins has implications both for humans who eat regularly from the same areas and/or are otherwise exposed to the same toxins. Although ecotoxicologic studies of marine environments are very complex, (Irwin: Aquatic Mammals 31: 195–225, 2005), the bottlenose dolphin is a sentinel species for biomonitoring purposes. Tissue levels of many known carcinogens such as DDT, DDE, dioxins (e.g. PCDDs and 2,3,7,8 TCDD), BaP, PAHs, and more recently PFC and PBDEs (water repellants and fire retardants), reflect bioaccumulation in both dolphins and humans. Target sites where human and dolphin disease have been contrasted and compared are: North America (Alaska; Puget Sound; San Francisco Bay; Gulf Coast and Florida; St. Lawrence Seaway); Japan (Osaka Bay); Sweden; Coastal UK and Hong Kong (Pearl River estuary). For Alaska, Florida, Japan, Sweden and coastal UK, there are highly significant correlations between fish contamination/consumption and excess risk of human myeloma. In Alaska, Inuit men eat contaminated fish, have high organochloride (dioxins) levels in blood and tissues and an increased risk of myeloma. Likewise for Swedish fisherman comparing Baltic (more contamination) versus west coast levels of dioxins and myeloma. In Japan, a case control study provides a highly significant odds ratio of 5.89 for agriculture/fisheries as occupational factors. A separate study gives an annual age adjusted incidence of 7.03/100,000 for the Osaka Bay fishing region. Around Lake Okeechobee Florida an incidence rate of 6.52/100,000 correlates with both contamination and commercial fishing licenses. Although dolphins share most human mammalian genes, including CYP1A and CYP2B, they lack the ability to adequately catabolize type I and II dioxins, which therefore preferentially accumulate. Unfortunately, observed results of these bioaccumulations are suppressed immunity, infections and cancers particularly B-cell lymphomas and “myeloma-like” immunoblastic lymphomas (Bossart: J. Vet Diagn Invest 9: 454–458, 1997). This pattern of diseases in turn corresponds with the local and systemic effects exemplified in Balb/c mice during pristine-induced plasmacytogenesis and in humans exposed to toxins. Newly recognized persistent organic pollutants such as water repellants (PFCs) and flame-retardants (PBDEs) are a particular concern, both because of rapid recent bioaccumulation in dolphins with associated disease manifestations plus the potential for wide global dispersal and diverse routes of human exposure. Numerous consumer goods contain PBDEs, including electronics, carpets, furniture and textiles. Genetic studies help refine probability calculations to assess risk using the union rule for independent events. Studies are now underway to correlate recent bioaccumulations in dolphins and humans, genetic predisposition and myeloma onset. Probability calculations for risk of developing myeloma will support interventions to reduce both contamination of the marine environment and elimination of human toxin exposures.

SL311, a 3-page illustrated fact sheet by Alan L. Wright and George H. Snyder, describes the soils in the agricultural region in Florida south of Lake Okeechobee growing primarily sugarcane and winter vegetables, and addresses how the soils are changing with time. Includes additional sources of information. Published by the UF Department of Soil and Water Science, November 2009. SL 311/SS523: Everglades Agricultural Area Soil Subsidence and Sustainability (ufl.edu)

AbstractThis article explores the making of identity for two sets of human skeletal remains, labeled 1928 Hurricane Victims 1 and 2 Belle Glade. The remains are so poorly preserved that traditional bioarchaeological analysis to explore their perimortem identity is not possible. However, an exploration of their postmortem identity allows us to examine the relationship between landscape, soil, memory, and bodies in bioarchaeology. This article challenges us to consider how bioarchaeology “makes” identity. It does so against the backdrop of one of the worst natural history disasters in United States history, the 1928 Lake Okeechobee Hurricane in Belle Glade, Florida. The loss of some 2,000 to 3,000 individuals in one night, primarily Black migrant farm laborers, is little remembered in national history, but it profoundly shaped the region, and contributes to an ongoing creation of a category of skeletal remains found in the area even today and labeled hurricane victims.