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Статті в журналах з теми "Karagwe–Ankole Belt"

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Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 6 вересня 2023

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1

Nambaje, Claude, M. Satish-Kumar, Ian S. Williams, Toshiro Takahashi, and K. Sajeev. "Granitic rocks from Rwanda: Vital clues to the tectonic evolution of the Karagwe–Ankole Belt." Lithos 404-405 (December 2021): 106490. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.lithos.2021.106490.

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2

Tumukunde, Thomas d'Aquin, and Adam Piestrzynski. "Vein-type tungsten deposits in Rwanda, Rutsiro area of the Karagwe-Ankole Belt, Central Africa." Ore Geology Reviews 102 (November 2018): 505–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.oregeorev.2018.09.015.

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3

Van Daele, Johanna, Niels Hulsbosch, Stijn Dewaele, and Philippe Muchez. "Metamorphic and metasomatic evolution of the Western Domain of the Karagwe-Ankole Belt (Central Africa)." Journal of African Earth Sciences 165 (May 2020): 103783. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jafrearsci.2020.103783.

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4

De Clercq, S., D. Chew, G. O'Sullivan, T. De Putter, J. De Grave, and S. Dewaele. "Characterisation and geodynamic setting of the 1 Ga granitoids of the Karagwe-Ankole belt (KAB), Rwanda." Precambrian Research 356 (May 2021): 106124. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.precamres.2021.106124.

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5

Villeneuve, Michel, Nandefo Wazi, Christian Kalikone, and Andreas Gärtner. "A Review of the G4 “Tin Granites” and Associated Mineral Occurrences in the Kivu Belt (Eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo) and Their Relationships with the Last Kibaran Tectono-Thermal Events." Minerals 12, no. 6 (June 8, 2022): 737. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min12060737.

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Анотація:

The Mesoproterozoic Kibaran belts host large amounts of mineral resources such as cassiterite, wolframite, gold, and columbite-group minerals (“coltan”), all of them in high demand for new technologies and related industries. Most of these mineral occurrences are linked to the latest Mesoproterozoic to early Neoproterozoic G4 granitoid intrusions, also termed “tin(-bearing) granites”. Three main parts constitute the Kibaran belts: the Kibaride Belt (KIB) in the south, the Karagwe-Ankole Belt (KAB) in the east, and the Kivu Belt (KVB) in the west. Geological detail concerning the metallogeny of the KVB, which hosts large parts of these mineral resources, is very sparse. Previously, there was an assumed time gap of about 200 Ma between the formation of the last Kibaran terranes (1250 to 1200 Ma) and the emplacement of the G4 granites (ca. 1050 to 970 Ma), which generated the main mineralizations. Recent studies dated the last Kibaran tectono-thermal events younger than 1120 to 1110 Ma, which gave evidence for a drastic reduction in this time gap. Thus, the two newly recognized tectono-thermal events have likely contributed to the remobilization of older mineralized granites. These new data allow us to link the G4 granitoids and the associated mineralizations with the terminal Kibaran orogeny. However, the G4 emplacement and its relationships with older granites, with their host rocks and associated mineralizations, are not yet understood. Here, the main occurrences of the KVB are reviewed, and comparisons with similar mineralizations in the adjacent KAB are undertaken to improve our understanding on these complex relationships.

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6

Dewaele, S., F. De Clercq, N. Hulsbosch, K. Piessens, A. Boyce, R. Burgess, and Ph Muchez. "Genesis of the vein-type tungsten mineralization at Nyakabingo (Rwanda) in the Karagwe–Ankole belt, Central Africa." Mineralium Deposita 51, no. 2 (August 23, 2015): 283–307. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00126-015-0608-x.

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7

Debruyne, David, Niels Hulsbosch, Jorik Van Wilderode, Lieve Balcaen, Frank Vanhaecke, and Philippe Muchez. "Regional geodynamic context for the Mesoproterozoic Kibara Belt (KIB) and the Karagwe-Ankole Belt: Evidence from geochemistry and isotopes in the KIB." Precambrian Research 264 (July 2015): 82–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.precamres.2015.04.001.

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8

Nambaje, Claude, Stephen M. Eggins, Gregory M. Yaxley, and K. Sajeev. "Micro-characterisation of cassiterite by geology, texture and zonation: A case study of the Karagwe Ankole Belt, Rwanda." Ore Geology Reviews 124 (September 2020): 103609. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.oregeorev.2020.103609.

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9

Ni, Pei, Wen-Sheng Li, Jun-Yi Pan, Jian-Ming Cui, Kai-Han Zhang, and Yan Gao. "Fluid Processes of Wolframite-Quartz Vein Systems: Progresses and Challenges." Minerals 12, no. 2 (February 12, 2022): 237. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min12020237.

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Wolframite-quartz vein-type tungsten deposits constitute the world’s major tungsten resources and are integral to tungsten production. A major share of this mineralization product is found in Southeast China, with other significant resources in the Central Andean belt, the East Australian belt, the Karagwe-Ankole belt and the European Variscan belt. In the past few decades, extensive studies on wolframite-quartz vein-type tungsten deposits have been conducted, but many key questions concerning their ore-forming fluid and metallogenic mechanism remain unclear. Additionally, a summary work on the global distribution and fluid characteristics of these wolframite-quartz vein-type tungsten deposits is still lacking. In this contribution, recent progress regarding several major issues related to the fluid processes involved in the forming of these veins are overviewed, and challenges in terms of future research are proposed. These issues include the nature of ore-forming fluids, their sources, and their transportation and wolframite deposition mechanisms. In particular, the affinity between veins and the exposed granitic intrusion from the Zhangtiantang-Xihuashan ore district, where an as-yet undiscovered deep intrusion, rather than the exposed granitic intrusion, was probably responsible for the formation of the wolframite-quartz veins, is reevaluated. This study also reviews the existing fluid and melt inclusion data from several tungsten deposits to address whether the mineralization potential of the magmatic-hydrothermal systems was directly correlated with the metal contents in the granitic melts and the exsolving fluids.

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10

TURIMUMAHORO, Denis, Niels HULSBOSCH, Louis NAHIMANA, Stijn DEWAELE, and Philippe MUCHEZ. "Géochimie des muscovites comme indicateur du fractionnement des pegmatites de la région de Kabarore-Mparamirundi (nord-ouest du Burundi, Afrique centrale) [Geochemical signature of muscovites as pathfinder for fractionation of pegmatites in the Kabarore-Mparamirundi area (northwestern Burundi, Central Africa)]." Geologica Belgica 23, no. 1-2 (May 20, 2020): 53–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.20341/gb.2020.005.

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The Kabarore-Mparamirundi area hosts numerous pegmatites spatiotemporally related to leucogranites dated at 986 ± 10 Ma in Karagwe-Ankole belt. The deposits are intensively exploited for columbite-tantalite and cassiterite. Alkali metals in muscovite (Rb 370–7590 ppm, Cs 8–1470 ppm) are modeled by Rayleigh fractional crystallization from a parental leucogranitic composition (K 4.1 wt%, Rb 321 ppm and Cs 9 ppm). The power law declining behavior of the ratio K/Rb versus Cs indicates the Rayleigh fractional crystallization as the main process of differentiation of the various pegmatite facies. Moreover, the continuous trend from granite to the most evolved, exploited pegmatites demonstrates a co-genetic link among them. The fractionation model shows that unmined and abandoned pegmatites are less fractionated (less than 94% of fractionation) while mined pegmatites are highly fractionated and constitute fractionated products of more than 94% of the initial leucogranite composition. The Rb, Cs, Ta, Sn and Li elements in muscovite can be used as a valuable tool in the exploration of fertile and sterile pegmatites in this area.

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11

Koegelenberg, C., and A. F. M. Kisters. "Tectonic wedging, back-thrusting and basin development in the frontal parts of the Mesoproterozoic Karagwe-Ankole belt in NW Tanzania." Journal of African Earth Sciences 97 (September 2014): 87–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jafrearsci.2014.04.018.

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12

Ryznar, Jakub, Jaroslav Pršek, Adam Włodek, and Pavel Uher. "Mineralogy and chemistry of columbite-tantalite from Bugarura-Kuluti area, Karagwe-Ankole Belt, Rwanda: Indicators of pegmatite and granite evolution." Ore Geology Reviews 159 (August 2023): 105574. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.oregeorev.2023.105574.

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13

Zi, Jian-Wei, Birger Rasmussen, Janet R. Muhling, Wolfgang D. Maier, and Ian R. Fletcher. "U-Pb monazite ages of the Kabanga mafic-ultramafic intrusions and contact aureoles, central Africa: Geochronological and tectonic implications." GSA Bulletin 131, no. 11-12 (April 15, 2019): 1857–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/b35142.1.

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AbstractMafic-ultramafic rocks of the Kabanga-Musongati alignment in the East African nickel belt occur as Bushveld-type layered intrusions emplaced in metasedimentary sequences. The age of the mafic-ultramafic intrusions remains poorly constrained, though they are regarded to be part of ca. 1375 Ma bimodal magmatism dominated by voluminous S-type granites. In this study, we investigated igneous monazite and zircon from a differentiated layered intrusion and metamorphic monazite from the contact aureole. The monazite shows contrasting crystal morphology, chemical composition, and U-Pb ages. Monazite that formed by contact metamorphism in response to emplacement of mafic-ultramafic melts is characterized by extremely high Th and U and yielded a weighted mean 207Pb/206Pb age of 1402 ± 9 Ma, which is in agreement with dates from the igneous monazite and zircon. The ages indicate that the intrusion of ultramafic melts was substantially earlier (by ∼25 m.y., 95% confidence) than the prevailing S-type granites, calling for a reappraisal of the previously suggested model of coeval, bimodal magmatism. Monazite in the metapelitic rocks also records two younger growth events at ca. 1375 Ma and ca. 990 Ma, coeval with metamorphism during emplacement of S-type granites and tin-bearing granites, respectively. In conjunction with available geologic evidence, we propose that the Kabanga-Musongati mafic-ultramafic intrusions likely heralded a structurally controlled thermal anomaly related to Nuna breakup, which culminated during the ca. 1375 Ma Kibaran event, manifested as extensive intracrustal melting in the adjoining Karagwe-Ankole belt, producing voluminous S-type granites. The Grenvillian-aged (ca. 990 Ma) tin-bearing granite and related Sn mineralization appear to be the far-field record of tectonothermal events associated with collision along the Irumide belt during Rodinia assembly. Since monazite is a ubiquitous trace phase in pelitic sedimentary rocks, in contact aureoles of mafic-ultramafic intrusions, and in regional metamorphic belts, our study highlights the potential of using metamorphic monazite to determine ages of mafic-ultramafic intrusions, and to reconstruct postemplacement metamorphic history of the host terranes.

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14

Koegelenberg, Corné, Alexander F. M. Kisters, and Chris Harris. "Structural controls of fluid flow and gold mineralization in the easternmost parts of the Karagwe-Ankole Belt of north-western Tanzania." Ore Geology Reviews 77 (September 2016): 332–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.oregeorev.2016.03.010.

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15

Fernandez-Alonso, M., H. Cutten, B. De Waele, L. Tack, A. Tahon, D. Baudet, and S. D. Barritt. "The Mesoproterozoic Karagwe-Ankole Belt (formerly the NE Kibara Belt): The result of prolonged extensional intracratonic basin development punctuated by two short-lived far-field compressional events." Precambrian Research 216-219 (October 2012): 63–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.precamres.2012.06.007.

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16

Nambaje, Claude, Ian S. Williams, M. Satish-Kumar, and K. Sajeev. "Direct evidence for Archean crust in the Western Domain of the Karagwe Ankole Belt, Rwanda: Implications for Neoarchean to Paleoproterozoic crustal evolution." Precambrian Research 350 (November 2020): 105851. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.precamres.2020.105851.

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17

Wouters, Sander, Niels Hulsbosch, Pim Kaskes, Philippe Claeys, Stijn Dewaele, Frank Melcher, Peter Onuk, and Philippe Muchez. "Late orogenic gold mineralization in the western domain of the Karagwe-Ankole Belt (Central Africa): Auriferous quartz veins from the Byumba deposit (Rwanda)." Ore Geology Reviews 125 (October 2020): 103666. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.oregeorev.2020.103666.

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18

Hulsbosch, Niels, Marie-Christine Boiron, Stijn Dewaele, and Philippe Muchez. "Fluid fractionation of tungsten during granite–pegmatite differentiation and the metal source of peribatholitic W quartz veins: Evidence from the Karagwe-Ankole Belt (Rwanda)." Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 175 (February 2016): 299–318. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2015.11.020.

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19

HERITIER, Rub'son N'nahano-Ruhindwa, Moïse LUEMBA, Huan LI, Charles NZOLANG, Donat KAMPATA, and Joseph NTIBAHANANA. "Geochemistry and petrogenesis of rare-metal pegmatites: A case study of Lemera Sn ore deposits in Kivu region of Karagwe-Ankole Belt, D. R. Congo." Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China 33, no. 6 (June 2023): 1873–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1003-6326(23)66229-6.

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20

Van Daele, Johanna, Dominique Jacques, Niels Hulsbosch, Stijn Dewaele, and Philippe Muchez. "Integrative structural study of the Kibuye-Gitarama-Gatumba area (West Rwanda): A contribution to reconstruct the Meso- and Neoproterozoic tectonic framework of the Karagwe-Ankole Belt." Precambrian Research 353 (February 2021): 106009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.precamres.2020.106009.

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21

Van Daele, Johanna, and Erik E. Scherer. "Neoproterozoic pre- and post-deformational metamorphism in the Western Domain of the Karagwe-Ankole Belt reconstructed by Lu-Hf garnet geochronology in the Kibuye-Gatumba area, Rwanda." Precambrian Research 344 (July 2020): 105744. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.precamres.2020.105744.

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22

Van Daele, Johanna, Stijn Dewaele, Frank Melcher, Peter Onuk, Richard Spikings, Stijn Glorie, Gilby Jepson, and Philippe Muchez. "Geochronology of metamorphism, deformation and fluid circulation: A comparison between Rb-Sr and Ar-Ar phyllosilicate and U-Pb apatite systematics in the Karagwe-Ankole Belt (Central Africa)." Gondwana Research 83 (July 2020): 279–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gr.2020.02.008.

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23

Hulsbosch, Niels, Johanna Van Daele, Nathan Reinders, Stijn Dewaele, Dominique Jacques, and Philippe Muchez. "Structural control on the emplacement of contemporaneous Sn-Ta-Nb mineralized LCT pegmatites and Sn bearing quartz veins: Insights from the Musha and Ntunga deposits of the Karagwe-Ankole Belt, Rwanda." Journal of African Earth Sciences 134 (October 2017): 24–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jafrearsci.2017.06.004.

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24

Koegelenberg, C., A. F. M. Kisters, J. D. Kramers, and D. Frei. "U–Pb detrital zircon and 39Ar–40Ar muscovite ages from the eastern parts of the Karagwe-Ankole Belt: Tracking Paleoproterozoic basin formation and Mesoproterozoic crustal amalgamation along the western margin of the Tanzania Craton." Precambrian Research 269 (October 2015): 147–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.precamres.2015.08.014.

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25

Ikingura, J. R., P. H. Reynolds, D. H. Watkinson, and K. Bell. "40Ar/39Ar dating of micas from granites of NE Kibaran Belt (Karagwe-Ankolean), NW Tanzania." Journal of African Earth Sciences (and the Middle East) 15, no. 3-4 (October 1992): 501–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0899-5362(92)90031-7.

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26

Branco, Marco A. C., António M. V. VencesBrito, Mário A. Rodrigues-Ferreira, Gonçalo A. C. Branco, Ewa Polak, Wojciech J. Cynarski, and Wąsik Jacek. "Effect of Aging on the Lower Limb Kinematics in Karate Practitioners: Comparing Athletes and Their Senseis." Journal of Healthcare Engineering 2019 (June 4, 2019): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/2672185.

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With the life expectancy increasing, older adult population has gained the attention of many researchers. Aging is known to lead to a general decline in bodily functions, which affect the quality of life. The aim of this study was to analyze how the aging process affects veteran active karate practitioners, in the kinematic and temporal structure of the frontal kick. Nine black belt karate practitioners over 50 years old and 24 black belt karate practitioners, aged between 20 and 30 years old, all male, performed the frontal kick mae-geri. Results showed that knee is the structure that holds most differences between young and veterans, both for linear and for angular variables during the mae-geri performance. Statistical differences were found in linear velocity for the knee; linear acceleration of the knee, hip, and RASIS; maximum angular velocity for knee and hip; maximum angular acceleration for ankle and hip; and in the range of motion of knee. The temporal variables show differences, between groups, in maximum linear velocity, maximum linear acceleration, and maximum angular acceleration. However, no differences were found between groups for the time before contact in the maximum linear and angular acceleration, which allow us to remark both the effects of the aging process and the effect of training. This study corroborates the ability of older people to achieve benefits from sports practice, achieving higher efficiency than the younger adults in task execution, but using different motor control strategies.

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27

Taylor, R. P., J. R. Ikingura, A. E. Fallick, Yiming Huang, and D. H. Watkinson. "Stable isotope compositions of tourmalines from granites and related hydrothermal rocks of the Karagwe-Ankolean belt, northwest Tanzania." Chemical Geology 94, no. 3 (March 1992): 215–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0009-2541(10)80006-3.

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28

Taylor, R. P., J. R. Ikingura, A. E. Fallick, Yiming Huang, and D. H. Watkinson. "Stable isotope compositions of tourmalines from granites and related hydrothermal rocks of the Karagwe-Ankolean belt, northwest Tanzania." Chemical Geology: Isotope Geoscience section 94, no. 3 (March 1992): 215–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0168-9622(92)90014-2.

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29

Sforza, Chiarella, Michela Turci, Gian Piero Grassi, Yuri F. Shirai, Giuliano Pizzini, and Virgilio F. Ferrario. "Repeatability of Mae-Geri-Keage in Traditional Karate: A Three-Dimensional Analysis with Black-Belt Karateka." Perceptual and Motor Skills 95, no. 2 (October 2002): 433–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pms.2002.95.2.433.

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In karate, performance also depends on a correct body shape, and the repeatability of standardized movements conditions the effectiveness of techniques. The execution of mae-geri-keage (frontal snap kick) was studied in 13 karateka (1st–5th dan). The 3D trajectories of 13 body landmarks were analyzed by an optoelectronic instrument while each karateka performed 10 repetitions of the movement. For each karateka and repetition, the standard deviations of the spatial coordinates x, y, z for each landmark were computed. A total standard deviation of the single participant was also calculated. Two experienced karateka performed with the best repeatability (smaller standard deviation) while executing the studied kick. Generally, the best repeatability was observed in the horizontal plane. The lower variability was observed in hips and head. Ankle and knee of the dominant limb had the worse. The method could detect athletes particularly gifted for the discipline. Moreover, it could help in the identification of those parts of body that do not repeat the movement with the desired precision.

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30

Ndikumana, Jean de Dieu, Parfait Mutiyamuogo Mupenge, Claude Nambaje, Ivan Ludovic Raoelison, Anthony Temidayo Bolarinwa, and Gabriel Oladapo Adeyemi. "Structural control on the Sn-Ta-Nb mineralisation and geochemistry of the pegmatites of Gitarama and Gatumba areas (Rwanda), Karagwe–Ankole Belt." Arabian Journal of Geosciences 14, no. 23 (November 28, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12517-021-09033-8.

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31

Ndikumana, Jean de Dieu, Anthony Temidayo Bolarinwa, Gabriel Oladapo Adeyemi, Jerry Olajide-Kayode, and Claude Nambaje. "Geochemistry of feldspar and muscovite from pegmatite of the Gatumba area, Karagwe Ankole Belt: implications for Nb–Ta–Sn mineralisation and associated alterations." SN Applied Sciences 2, no. 9 (August 27, 2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s42452-020-03370-1.

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32

Urbinati, Keith Sato, Matheus Aguiar, Juarez Trancoso, Caluê Papcke, Percy Nohama, and Eduardo Scheeren. "O processo de fadiga pode alterar a estratégia motora de velocidade de golpes no karate: um estudo de caso." Revista de Educação Física / Journal of Physical Education 85, no. 3 (September 29, 2016). http://dx.doi.org/10.37310/ref.v85i3.179.

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Introdução: Devido às novas exigências nas regras competitivas com maiores pontuações, o karate vem se tornando um esporte com altas demandas da variável velocidade. Dentre diversos fatores que podem afetar a velocidade de golpes, o processo de fadiga exaustão é uma importante variável interveniente. Logo, como ocorre o controle motor para a manutenção de velocidade de golpes em situação de fatigabilidade?Objetivo: Identificar as estratégias motoras na manutenção de velocidade do gyako zuki no processo de fadiga.Métodos: Foi avaliado o atual campeão sul-americano da categoria -78 kg, sub 21 do sistema World Karate Federation (WKF). O atleta prática karate por 7 anos, é faixa preta, nível internacional, com 78 kg, 1,82m, 14,4% de gordura, VO2 máx = 55 kg.ml-1.min-1. O atleta realizou um protocolo de carga progressiva denominado Karate Specific Aerobic Test (KSAT) até a exaustão. Para o modelo biomecânico foi utilizado um sistema de análise de movimento de seis câmeras (Sistema Vicon).Resultados: As diferentes contribuições de velocidade de segmentos para a manutenção de vP (velocidade de pico) do gyako zuki ocorre uma vez que protocolos de fadiga comumente atribuem adaptações funcionais para superar o efeito da fadiga e continuar executando a ação técnica da ‘melhor’ forma possível.Conclusão: A principal estratégia motora adotada no processo de fadiga é a diminuição do deslocamento de tornozelo e joelho esquerdos à frente, o que diminui a vP do gyako zuki. O deslocamento do segmento de quadril ocorre em situação de homeostase e não necessariamente em situação de fadiga.The process of fatigue can change the motor strategy in velocities of strokes in karate: a case studyIntroduction: Because of the new requirements in the competitive rules with higher scores, karate has become a sport with high demands of speed. Among many factors that can affect the speed of strokes, the process of fatigue exhaustion is an important intervening variable. How the motor control for maintaining speed in strokes fatigability situation?Objective: Identify the motor strategies in maintaining gyako zuki speed in the fatigue process.Methods: We evaluated the current South American champion of the category -78 kg, under 21 years of age, World Karate Federation system (WKF). The karate athlete practice for 7 years, is a black belt, internationally, with 78 kg, 1.82m, 14.4% fat, VO2 max = 55 kg.ml -1 .min -1. The athlete made a progressive load protocol called Karate Specific Aerobic Test (KSAT) until exhaustion. For biomechanical model was used a six camera motion analysis system (Vicon system).Results: Different contributions segments speed to maintain Vp (peak velocity) gyako zuki occurs because fatigue protocols commonly assigned functional adaptations to overcome the effects of fatigue and continue running the technical action as 'better' as possible.Conclusion: The main motor strategy adopted in the fatigue process is the reduction of ankle dislocation and left knee forwarding, which reduces the vP of gyako zuki. The displacement of the hip segment occurs in homeostasis position and not necessarily by fatigue condition.

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