Дисертації з теми "Joints de grains – Oxydation"
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Marrouche, Abdelkhalek. "Caractérisation par microscopie électronique en transmission de joints de grains d'oxyde NiO formé par oxydation." Paris 11, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985PA112128.
Повний текст джерелаThis thesis presents the results of a statistical study of the geometrical features of grain boundaries in nickel oxide NiO obtained by thermal oxidation of nickel. This work is divided into two parts: The first is a critical study of the methods used to determine the geometrical characteristics of the grain boundaries, orientation relationships, coincidence index, criteria of specialty, grain boundary plane. In the second part, we present the date of the study of 128 boundaries taken in 3 types of specimen resulting either from oxidation or additionally annealed. The following features were examined for each sample: granular morphology, distribution and density of dislocations, distribution of grain boundaries between subgrain boundaries and boundaries, oxidation texture, orientation relationships, "special" grain boundaries. It is shown in particular that boundaries parallel to a {011} plane are quite unstable and that the proportion of coincident boundaries is higher than that existing in a randomly distributed sample
Yazidi, Samir. "Influence du caractère de spécialité des joints de grains sur la texture granulaire et la texture de joints dans l'oxyde de nickel." Paris 11, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA112155.
Повний текст джерелаThe purpose of this study is to verity whether the intrinsic properties of special and general grain boundaries (GB) may influence such characteristics as grain texture and grain boundary texture, during grain growth process in a polycristalline material. Three parameters are of importance: -average grain diameter which is an indicator of the residual driving force responsible for grain growth; -average grain growth rate, since GB mobility is a discriminative factor for special and general GB behavior and is a function of impurity conten; -specialness character Of the GB's which allows their classification. In order to examine the influence of the first two parameters, about 250 GB's belonging to several samples prepared by oxidation of nickel in various conditions, were characterized. The data which were obtained up to now do not seem to indicate that the specialness character of the, grain boundaries influences significantly grain texture or GB texture. This conclusion can be explained by topological requirements relative to a polycrystal tree of external stresses
Poignant, Frédéric. "L'oxydation de céramiques à base de titanate de strontium semi-conducteur et la formation de barrières de potentiel aux joints de grains." Limoges, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995LIMO0015.
Повний текст джерелаAgrizzi, Ronqueti Larissa. "Study of grain boundary oxidation of high alloyed carbon steels at coiling temperature." Thesis, Compiègne, 2018. https://bibliotheque.utc.fr/Default/doc/SYRACUSE/2018COMP2405.
Повний текст джерелаAdvanced high-strength steels (AHSS) have been widely used in automotive industry to improve safety and fuel economy. In order to reach the mechanical properties targets, these new steels are composed by much higher alloy contents (e.g. silicon and manganese) than usual steels. As consequence, the AHSS may suffer of selective internal oxidation during the cooling of hot coil. The selective internal oxidation, especially the grain boundary oxidation (GBO), is currently one of the main obstacles to the production of these steels. It reduces the number of cycles before fatigue failure and thus, makes it difficult to reach the specifications of the customer. Therefore, this PhD work was focused on the effect of several parameters on selective internal oxidation behavior. Among them, the impact of decarburization, the influence of coiling temperature and the mill scale, the effect of different silicon and/or manganese contents and their diffusion behavior. Moreover, the impact of grain boundary misorientation on grain boundary oxidation was also investigated. Either binary/ternary iron-based model alloys as well as industrial steels were investigated by a large set of experimental techniques. This analysis showed a stable decarburization for all investigated samples that does not impact the selective internal oxidation for long exposure time in isothermal conditions. The GBO depths were examined according to the different test configurations and were found dependent for some cases on silicon or manganese content. For some of them, different silicon diffusion behaviors were identified with regards to grain boundary oxidation depending on temperatures. Considering some restrictive hypotheses, the application of Wagner’s theory of selective internal oxidation allowed determining the grain boundary diffusion coefficient of oxygen. To overcome some limitations of Wagner’s model, a model of selective oxidation has been applied to understand the effect of different parameters on the penetration of oxygen inside the metal and principally on the grain boundary depth affected by selective oxidation. The knowledge acquired from this PhD work will help to understand and limit the selective internal oxidation (mainly GBO) in new steels with complex alloy compositions. Furthermore, the results may be used to assess a model of selective oxidation
Chassagneux, Evelyne. "Corrosion du nickel en présence de V2O5." Phd thesis, Grenoble INPG, 1986. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00845629.
Повний текст джерелаMilanese, Julien. "Rupture intergranulaire assistée par l'oxydation et corrosion sous contrainte de produits minces en alliage 718 : rôle de la microstructure et de la chimie des joints de grains." Thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019INPT0054.
Повний текст джерелаDue to its good resistance to Stress Corrosion Cracking (SCC), some of the components of nuclear assemblies of Pressurized Water Reactors (PWR) are made of alloy 718. Nevertheless, the current trend is increasing the liability and the safety of nuclear plants and needs a further understanding of the SCC mechanism of the material. Framatome is also considering a modification of the processing route of the strips used for the manufacturing of these components in order to improve the SCC resistance of the alloy 718. To better understand the SCC mechanism and support the solution undertaken, the influence of the metallurgical state on the damaging process must be investigated. The influences of the precipitation of phase and cold working on the susceptibility to intergranular cracking of the alloy were examined and the deformation mechanism at grain boundaries identified. It was shown that these two features were beneficial and improve the cracking resistance of the alloy but could not provide full desensitization when taken separately. Furthermore, grain boundary sliding was identified on the material susceptible to SCC whereas it is partially suppressed on the resistant one. From these observations, a mechanism for the initiation of intergranular cracks based on grain boundary sliding has been proposed. This work is a valuable contribution for the better understanding of the SCC mechanism of the alloy 718 and provides an explanation to the higher cracking resistance of the material derived from the new processing route. In addition, the relevance of the industrial solution to suit the problematic encountered was put forward
MAGOARIEC, ALAIN. "Analyse par microscopie electronique a transmission de joints de graints et de defauts dans du silicium polycristallin soumis a une oxydation thermique." Caen, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989CAEN2029.
Повний текст джерелаM'rabat, Benyounes El. "Influence du phosphore sur la texture des joints de grains du fer et sur l'interaction dislocations de matrice-joints de grains." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1986. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb375998860.
Повний текст джерелаElm'Rabat, Benyounès. "Influence du phosphore sur la texture des joints de grains du fer et sur l'interaction dislocations de matrice-joints de grains." Paris 11, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA112244.
Повний текст джерелаMataveli, Suave Lorena. "High Temperature Durability of DS200+Hf Alloy." Thesis, Chasseneuil-du-Poitou, Ecole nationale supérieure de mécanique et d'aérotechnique, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017ESMA0032/document.
Повний текст джерелаThe anisotropy in mechanical behavior of the directionally solidified DS200+Hf alloy and the damage mechanisms have been investigated between 650°C and1100°C. Single-crystalline specimens of the same alloy have also been used to get a better understanding of the anisotropy in mechanical properties and durability. Tension, creep, low-cycle fatigue (LCF), dwell-fatigue and crack propagation tests have been performed and analyzed by SEM observations to better understand the damage modes in this alloy. At 650°C, a considerable creep (and LCF) life anisotropy is observed while almost no anisotropy remains at 1100°C in creep. The γ rafting is mainly responsible for this decrease in creep anisotropy and for theincrease in creep rate in dwell-fatigue. An intergranular fracture mode has been observed for ail kind of solicitation along transverse direction, mainly due to the presence of grain boundary particles such as carbides. These carbides are also the main crack initiation sites in LCF at 650°C and at 900°C. At high temperature (900°C), oxidation not only controls the crack initiation mechanisms by inducing surface carbides cracking, but it also affects the crack propagation through a combined localized γ depletion and crack tip blunting, leading ove ra li to a higher crack propagation threshold. Such a behavior is not observed in high vacuum and surface carbides are no more the main crack initiation sites. lt is shown that at low temperature during transverse creep testing (750°C), highly misoriented grain boundaries, having one grain favorably oriented for single slip and lattice rotation, are the most critical ones
Bacia, Maria. "Comportement du carbone aux joints de grains du molybdène." Grenoble INPG, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994INPG4210.
Повний текст джерелаMaurice, Jean-Luc. "Contribution à l'étude des joints de grains dans le silicium." Paris 7, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA077127.
Повний текст джерелаJin, Yuan. "Formation des macles thermiques pour l'ingénierie de joints de grains." Thesis, Paris, ENMP, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014ENMP0030/document.
Повний текст джерелаAnnealing twin is a crystallographic defect that is largely reported in F.C.C. metals especially those with low stacking fault energy. Despite the amount of work dedicated to the subject, the understanding of annealing twin formation mechansims is not complete in the literature. In the present work, by applying both experimental and numerical tools, we tried to have a more profound understanding of this phenomenon, which is essential to Physical Metallurgy. For this purpose, different F.C.C. Materials including 304L stainless steel, commercially pure nickel and nickel based superalloy Inconel 718 are investigated. We confirmed that annealing twins are mainly formed in the recrystallization regime, especially driven by the migration of recrystallization front into deformed regions by using in situ EBSD technique. In addition, we found in the in situ observations that there are almost no twins generated in the grain growth regime. This observation is confirmed by another grain growth experiment performed on Inconel 718. Therefore, curvature driven grain boundary migration by itself is not sufficient to generate annealing twins. A new atomistic model to explain annealing twin formation mechanism, in which the effect of migrating boundary curvature is considered, is proposed. The effects of different thermo-mechanical factors, including prior deformation level, initial grain size, annealing temperature and the heating velocity, on annealing twin formation are determined via two experiments performed on commercially pure nickel. Based on the idea of grain boundary curvature, we proposed a method to quantify recrsytallization front tortuosity. In the present study, we show evidence that this quantity is positively correlated with the twin density at the end of the recrystallization regime. In addition to experimental studies, numerical tools including both mean field and full field approaches are applied to model annealing twin evolution during grain growth by taking into account the revealed mechanisms. A basis of a new mean field model is proposed to model annealing twin density evolution during grain growth. This model, which has only one parameter to be identified, provides a better consistency with the experimental data of Inconel 718 compared to the Pande's model. Besides, full field approaches are also applied to simulate the overall microstructure evolution during grain growth. Two implicit methods i.e. the level set and the multi-phase-field methods are compared in terms of their formulations and their numerical performance in anisotropic grain growth simulations. It is the first time that these two methods are compared in the finite element context with non-structural mesh. In the present numerical context, the level set method is more suitable to describe strong anisotropy in grain boundary energy. A new methodology is thus developed in the level set framework to simulate annealing twin evolution during grain growth. This methodology, in which we can insert annealing twin boundaries into synthetic microstructures and distinguish coherent and incoherent twin boundaries, is proven to be able to counting for the strong anisotropy introduced by coherent annealing twin boundaries
Vasseur, Jérôme. "Aspects théoriques de la ségrégation d'impuretés aux joints de grains à forte désorientation dans les métaux." Lille 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993LIL10049.
Повний текст джерелаFayette, Sylvain. "Conduction thermique dans les matériaux hétérogènes, influence des joints de grains." Limoges, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001LIMOA001.
Повний текст джерелаGoyal, Anchal. "Comportement mécanique d'un alliage d'aluminium à grains ultrafins. Analyse et modélisation du rôle exacerbé des joints de grains." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SACLX091/document.
Повний текст джерелаUltrafine grained (UFG) alloys seem promising, based on their high tensile properties and the possibility of superplastic forming at relatively low temperature. However, their deformation mechanisms are not fully understood, and their performance in fatigue has not been thoroughly investigated. This work compares the viscoplastic behavior, and the deformation and damage mechanisms in tension and fatigue of a UFG Al-Mg alloy (600 nm mean grain size) obtained by severe plastic deformation (ECAP process) with that of its coarse-grained (CG) counterpart.The strain rate sensitivity (SRS) of both materials has been measured during creep, relaxation and tensile tests run at various strain rates and temperature. Microstructural refinement is shown to increase the SRS, which rises as the strain rate decreases, and controls the ductility. The UFG material becomes softer and more ductile than the CG material at high temperature. The temperature and strain rate domain for which the UFG alloy is stronger or softer has been determined.Tensile tests run in a SEM, with DIC measurements of strain fields at meso/ micro scales (using gold microgrids printed by electron beam lithography) and at sub-micron scale (using a superfine speckle obtained by film remodelling) have shown that grain boundary sliding is more and more active in both materials as the temperature rises and as the strain rate decreases. Grain boundary sliding is cooperative and occurs mostly at high-angle grain boundaries in the UFG alloy, where the strain field is more heterogeneous, and where very high strain levels (> 100%) are often observed in localized bands.A 2D finite element model taking into account the viscoplastic behaviour inside the grains, and viscous sliding at the grain boundaries has been identified other the whole temperature range investigated. It captures well the observed behaviours and the much larger contribution of grain boundary sliding in the UFG alloy. It also provides the evolution of this contribution during strain hardening.Plastic strain-controlled push-pull tests and stress-controlled push-pull tests were run to investigate the cyclic behaviour and damage mechanisms of the two materials in low and high-cycle fatigue. The tests were followed by fractographic observations, statistical analysis of surface damage, as well as TEM observations of dislocations arrangements. Both materials exhibit cyclic hardening, although it is more modest in the UFG alloy, in which grain growth occurs at high amplitude. While isotropic hardening predominates in the CG alloy where the density of dislocation strongly increases during cyclic tests, kinematic hardening predominates in the UFG alloy, because of its limited capacity to store dislocations and its more heterogeneous plastic deformation. For a given plastic strain range, the UFG alloy has a shorter fatigue life than its CG counterpart, because of a much easier crack initiation, mostly from intermetallic particles. For a given stress range, it has a slightly higher life, due to a slower development of microcracks, which have a transgranular path in the largest grains, with some intergranular growth within the smallest grains
Hila, Chikhaoui Jalila. "Etude par microscopie électronique de la structure de joints de grains dans le germanium (somme=5, somme=25) : influence de la ségrégation d'équilibre du soufre." Aix-Marseille 3, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993AIX30037.
Повний текст джерелаBernard-Granger, Guillaume. "Dévitrification de la phase intergranulaire du nitrure de silicium : Influence sur les propriétés mécaniques à haute température." Lille 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994LIL10128.
Повний текст джерелаRakotovao, Felaniaina Nirisoa. "Relaxation des contraintes dans les couches de chromine développées sur alliages modèles (NiCr et Fe47Cr) : apport de la diffraction in situ à haute température sur rayonnement Synchrotron à l’étude du comportement viscoplastique : effets d’éléments réactifs." Thesis, La Rochelle, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LAROS015/document.
Повний текст джерелаIntegrity of protective oxide scales developing at the metallic alloys surface at high temperature depends on the stress generation and their relaxation mechanisms. In this work, the behaviour of chromia scales formed on NiCr and Fe47Cr model alloys has been investigated. Raman spectroscopy was used to determine the residual stress level in chromia thin films after oxidation at different temperatures (700°C-1000°C) for 3 h and 18 h. A monotonous evolution of residual stresses with oxidation conditions was noted for the Ni30Cr/Cr2O3 system but not for the Fe47Cr/Cr2O3 one. The strain variations at microscopic scale was also determined by using atomic force microscopy. For the first studied system, non destructive relaxation by creep of the oxide and buckling can be more or less activated, in agreement with the residual stresses evolution. And a third additional stress release mode by intra film cracking could take place for the second system. In situ high temperature oxidation coupled with Synchrotron X-rays diffraction was also used to characterize the viscoplastic properties of chromia scales grown on Ni30Cr and Ni28Cr, with dissociating the effects related to thermal activation and grain size. The creep mechanism responsible of stress release in chromia scales has been evidenced by comparing experimental results with a diffusional creep model. Confrontation of the obtained activation energy (130 kJ.mol-1) with literature results has shown that this non destructive relaxation mode was likely governed by grain boundary transport of oxygen species. When a reactive element (Y or Zr) was added to the metallic substrate Ni28Cr, an important decrease of the oxidation rate was noted when increasing the amount of introduced element. No significant effect of this quantity on the residual stress level was however observed. At microscopic scale, a reduction of grain size has been also noted and two distinguished grains distribution appeared for the higher quantities. Results of in situ Synchrotron diffraction measurements and those of atomic force microscopy (grain boundary sliding) showed that the ability of chromia films to release stress thanks to their viscoplastic properties could be delayed and/or decreased with the presence of an active element. However, this mechanism could operate for smaller chromia films thicknesses
Thébaud, Louis. "Etude des relations entre microstructure et propriétés mécaniques du nouveau superalliage base nickel AD730™." Thesis, Chasseneuil-du-Poitou, Ecole nationale supérieure de mécanique et d'aérotechnique, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017ESMA0033/document.
Повний текст джерелаIn view of the turbine entry temperature evolution, the main challenge for metallurgists is to elaborate new alloys able to withstand higher temperatures while keeping great mechanical properties. Therefore, knowing the relationships between microstructural parameters and mechanical properties at high temperatures (700°C and more) is mandatory.The creep and dwell-fatigue durability as well as the damage mechanisms of AD730™, a new nickel base superalloy developed for turbine disks, have been analyzed. Several microstructural parameters were studied (grain boundaries, grain size, size and distribution of γ′ precipitates) as well as experimental parameters (temperature, environment, applied stress or dwell period). By using single crystalline specimens having the same chemical composition of the studied alloy, it has been shown unambiguously that single crystalline microstructures do not necessarily present better creep properties compared to polycristalline ones. This result is supposed to be caused by a grain boundary strengthening mechanism. Moreover, in creep at 700°C, it has been shown that the main viscoplasticity controlling parameters are the size and distribution of γ′ precipitates.An unexpected dwell-fatigue behavior has been observed for long hold times and in a specific applied stress window. This phenomena is attributed to a “Bauschinger type” effect, occurring during unloading phases
Tézenas, Du Montcel Henri. "Ingénierie des joints de grains dans les superalliages à base de nickel." Phd thesis, Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Paris, 2012. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00688115.
Повний текст джерелаCREUZE, Jérôme. "Des surfaces aux joints de grains : la ségrégation dans tous ses états." Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2000. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00001572.
Повний текст джерелаBerger, Marie-Hélène. "Propriétés électriques et cristallochimie des joints de grains dans les oxydes céramiques." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1988. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37611847p.
Повний текст джерелаGbemou, Kodjovi. "Modélisation de l’interaction des coeurs de dislocations et des joints de grains." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LORR0045/document.
Повний текст джерелаIn this contribution, we apply and develop a mechanical theory of dislocation and disclination fields, to model in a continuous way the core structure of dislocations and grain boundaries, as well as their interactions. The Burgers/Frank vector of dislocations/disclinations is regularized by the introduction of dislocation/disclination density tensors. Incompatible elastic and plastic strains and curvatures are associated to these defect densities and they lead to internal stress and couple stress fields. The motion of defects yields plasticity. It is accounted for by transport equations, where driving forces act on the defect densities. First, we overlook disclinations and we apply the pure dislocation model to investigate the structure of planar dislocation cores, in comparison with the Peierls-Nabarro model. The self-relaxation of an initially arbitrary core structure of an edge dislocation reveals that an infinite spreading of the dislocation density occurs under its own stress field. To stop this endless relaxation, we propose to add a misfit energy in our model. The latter yields a restoring stress that opposes to the spreading of dislocation cores and allows predicting equilibrium core structures. We retrieve the Peierls-Nabarro solution when we use a sinusoidal potential for the misfit energy. We then substitute this sinusoidal potential for generalized stacking fault energies as obtained from atomistic simulations, in order to model the dissociation and motion of dislocations in zirconium and titanium. Second, we consider the full theory and we develop elastic constitutive laws that are specific to crystal defects. We propose that in addition to standard elasticmoduli tensors, additional elastic tensors exist in the core regions of defects and relate respectively stresses to curvatures and couple stresses to strains. These tensors are nonlocal by definition due to kinematic relations between strains and curvatures. They are non-zero in the core of defects, where strong heterogeneities of strains and curvatures occur, and they become progressively null far from the defects due to centrosymmetry. We apply these new elastic laws to distributions of dislocations and disclinations. We show that the nonlocal elastic tensors lead to restoring stresses and couple stresses that oppose to their local parts. In the framework of edge dislocations, we show that the representation using dipoles of wedge disclination cores allows predicting equilibrium structures without adding a misfit energy. We then investigate elastic interactions between dislocations and grain boundaries
BERGER-PINET, MARIE HELENE. "Proprietes electriques et cristallochimie des joints de grains dans les oxydes ceramiques." Caen, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989CAEN2015.
Повний текст джерелаCreuze, Jérôme. "Des surfaces aux joints de grains : la segregation dans tous ses etats." Paris 11, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA112211.
Повний текст джерелаCouzinie, Jean-Philippe. "Etude des interactions entre dislocations et joints de grains dans le cuivre." Paris 11, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA112326.
Повний текст джерелаThe main objective of the thesis is the analysis by transmission electron microscopy of the accommodation mechanisms of dissociated matrix dislocations in grain boundaries of copper. Such a study is essential for a better understanding of the polycrystalline materials mechanical properties. In low energy sigma 3 {111} grain boundaries, two main results are obtained: 1) if the interface plane corresponds to a glide plane for the incident dislocation, an incorporation by recombination of the shockley partials dislocations is observed; 2) if not the most probable hypothesis considers the entrance and the decomposition of the leading partial in one glissile grain boundary dislocation and one stair rod type sessile dislocation. These processes are followed by the entrance of the second partial within the grain boundary. In high energy sigma 9 {221} interfaces, the fast accommodation kinetic at room temperature of extrinsic dislocation decomposition products in the intrinsic network gives evidence of the elevated grain boundary diffusivity at low temperature. Moreover the sigma 9 grain boundary structure observed by high resolution electron microscopy is composed of symmetrical and asymmetrical facets. The "experimental observations-atomic simulations" coupling shows that the asymmetrical facets could be described using the structural unit model and are of lower energy than the symmetrical ones. Finally an in-situ deformation test in a general grain boundary shows the spontaneous accommodation of crystal dislocations when entering the interface. The grain boundary seems to behave like a quasi-viscous layer, the extrinsic dislocation like a deformation density
Nicoletti, Sergio. "Elaboration et caractérisation de jonctions Josephson YBaCuO sur joints de grains artificiels." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996GRE10091.
Повний текст джерелаLarranaga, Melvyn. "Mécanismes élémentaires de la migration de joints de grains couplée au cisaillement." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020TOU30202.
Повний текст джерелаThe shear coupled grain boundary migration of aluminum bicrystals has been investigated at the microscopic level using a double approach combining atomistic simulations of molecular dynamic and in-situ straining experiments in the transmission electron microscope (TEM). With the simulations we have characterized the effect of the introduction of a sessile disconnections dipole in a SIGMA41[001](450) symmetric tilt grain boundary (GB). The minimum energy path as well as the microscopic mechanism of the GB migration has been revealed using the Nudged Elastic Band method. The description of the migration mechanism through disconnection composition / decomposition and propagation has proven fruitful. In particular it shows that the disconnections dipole acts as a favored site for the nucleation of mobile disconnections that carry the GB migration. Despite the fact that only a tiny effect on the yield stress of the GB migration is calculated it appears that the activation energy is significantly lowered by a factor that can be of the order of 0,65 comparing to the value of the ideal GB migration case. Moreover it is also shown that a preexisting disconnection gliding in the GB experience a friction force from the disconnection dipole emphasizing the ambivalent role of this defect concerning the GB dynamic. In-situ TEM straining experiments have been performed using thin foils extracted from two different bicrystals : the SIGMA3[110](111) (known as a twin boundary) and the SIGMA41[001](450). The samples were deformed under tensile stress in the microscope at temperatures ranging from 280°C to 480°C. Globally the SIGMA3[110](111) GB showed a very low mobility, however some macro-steps associated with intergranular dislocations were seen to occasionally move in the GB. Yet an intense activity of several disconnections families has been observed among which the 1/6 < 211 > type family that has been identified using the asymmetry of their TEM contrast under several diffraction vectors (g). These results are compatible with the presence in the GB of a combination of steps of different height and sign. The straining of the SIGMA41[001](450) GB sometimes results in its shear coupled migration with a measured coupling factor close to a predicted value of the disconnection model. In both bicrystals it appears that the GB dynamic and its disconnection distribution are correlated to the interactions with the neighboring defects like sub-grain boundaries and intragranular dislocations. [...]
Tézenas, du Montcel Henri. "Ingénierie des joints de grains dans les superalliages à base de nickel." Thesis, Paris, ENMP, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012ENMP0006/document.
Повний текст джерелаThis work is dedicated to the study of Grain Boundary Engineering in Ni-based superalloys for aircraft turbine disk. The grain boundary engineering has proven its efficiency for the improvement of the fatigue and creep properties of copper and nickel alloys. This improvement is achieved by performing a succession of room temperature deformations interspaced by heat treatments to modify the distribution of the grain boundary network. The aim of the study is to adapt these processes to high temperature forging of superalloys. An experimental study is achieved to highlight the influence of forging parameters on the grain boundary network. The characterization of the grain boundary network is made through the completion of crystallographic orientation mapping by EBSD. An innovative characterization method based on the discretization of orientation maps in a triple junction network is proposed. This method allows to analyze the connectivity in the grain boundary network with the objective of a correlation with mechanical properties
Lens, Arnaud. "Mobilité des joints de grains dans les alliages Al-Mn et Al-Fe-Si." Saint-Etienne, EMSE, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004EMSE0004.
Повний текст джерелаExperimental grain boundary mobilities were studied with an in-situ SEM/EBSD technique in order to understand the recrystallization and grain growth processes in relevant, close to industrial Al-Mn alloys. Therefore, an in-situ technique was developed for annealing between 200°C to 450°C. Theoretical velocities estimated from the approaches of the solute drag theories of Cahn, Lucke and Stuwe were compared to the experimental results. Several Al-Fe-Si alloys were studied in order to validate some ideas of Doherty concerning abnormal grain growth in the presence of low angle grain boundaries and precipitates. Moreover, mobilities were measured during normal and abnormal grain growth at 600°C
Tabet, Nouar. "Contribution à l'étude des propriétés électriques de volume et des joints de grains dans le germanium : application de la méthode du courant induit par faisceau d'électrons "EBIC"." Paris 11, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA112318.
Повний текст джерелаDetre, Laurent. "Étude spectroscopique et optique de phases liquides cristallines récentes en vue de leur caractérisation structurale." Lille 1, 1999. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/LIBRE/Th_Num/1999/50376-1999-41.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаCornen, Marilyne. "Ségrégations intergranulaires d'impuretés dans le modèle Ni-S." Nantes, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006NANT2009.
Повний текст джерелаPerinet, François. "Autodiffusion de l'oxygène en volume et aux joints de grains dans Cu...O." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1987. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37608744v.
Повний текст джерелаLEBOUVIER, BENOIT. "Energie libre de joints de grains de flexion d'axe 011 dans le silicium." Caen, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996CAEN2079.
Повний текст джерелаPROT, DOMINIQUE. "Autodiffusion de l'oxygene en volume et aux joints de grains dans l'alumine alpha." Paris 6, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA066292.
Повний текст джерелаHagège, Serge. "Contribution a l'etude des joints de grains en coincidence dans la symetrie hexagonale." Caen, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985CAEN2019.
Повний текст джерелаKhalfallah, Omar. "Interaction dislocations de matrice-joints de grains dans le fer : influence des paramètres cristallographiques et de l'anisotropie du métal." Paris 11, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA112363.
Повний текст джерелаAndriamisandratra, Mamiandrianina. "Analyse numérique de la microplasticité aux joints de grains dans les polycristaux métalliques CFC." Mémoire, École de technologie supérieure, 2013. http://espace.etsmtl.ca/1148/1/ANDRIAMISANDRATRA_Mamiandrianina.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаDaveau, Gaël. "Interaction dislocations - joints de grains en déformation plastique monotone : étude expérimentale et modélisations numériques." Phd thesis, Ecole Centrale Paris, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00740650.
Повний текст джерелаMaunier, Caroline. "Etude théorique et expérimentale du fluorure de calcium : simulation des processus de diffusion en volume et dans un joint de grains par la dynamique moléculaire, fluage haute température /." Saclay : Commissariat à l'énergie atomique, 1991. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb35494882z.
Повний текст джерелаBenamara, Mourad. "Contribution à l'étude des interfaces de soudure directe dans le silicium." Toulouse 3, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996TOU30135.
Повний текст джерелаDufour, Jean-Paul. "Application de l'électroréflectance à l'étude de couches minces évaporées de sulfure de zinc." Dijon, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988DIJOS002.
Повний текст джерелаAlmazouzi, Abderrahim. "Diffusion volumique et intergranulaire de l'or, de l'étain et du germanium dans le germanium." Aix-Marseille 3, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989AIX30047.
Повний текст джерелаYazidi, Samir. "Influence du caractère de spécialité des joints de grains sur la texture granulaire et la texture de joints dans l'oxyde de nickel." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1988. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37619180h.
Повний текст джерелаLigi, Guy. "Le revêtement des tôles magnétiques à grains orientés : caractérisation et optimisation." Lille 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987LIL10185.
Повний текст джерелаRajabzadeh, Armin. "Étude expérimentale et théorique de la migration de joints de grains, couplée à un cisaillement." Toulouse 3, 2013. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/2290/.
Повний текст джерелаContrary to conventional coarse-grained metals where plastic deformation is carried out by intragranular dislocation motion, specific grain boundary-based mechanisms are involved in deformation of nanocrystalline metals. Among them, the shear-coupled grain boundary migration, i. E. The motion of the grain boundary perpendicular to its plane in response to a shear strain, has been found to be efficient to accommodate the deformations observed in several small-grained metals and under different mechanical solicitations. Despite many experimental and theoretical efforts in recent years, the elementary mechanisms of the shear-coupled grain boundary migration are still poorly known. The major purpose of the present work is thus to investigate these elementary processes both experimentally by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and theoretically by atomistic simulations. In-situ TEM straining experiments on Al bicrystal at 400C show the migration of a S41<001>{540}grain boundary by the collective motion of macro-steps moving along the interface. These macrosteps are characterized by measuring the deformation (related to the coupling factor) that they induce by their motion. This deformation can include both parallel (shear-coupled migration) and perpendicular (involving climb) components to the interface. Moreover, different macrosteps carry different deformations indicating the multiplicity of the possible coupling modes for a given grain boundary. Moving elementary steps, presumably composing the macro-steps are also observed in the grain boundary. By high resolution TEM (HRTEM) observations the elementary steps are identied as disconnections and are characterized by their step heights and Burgers vectors. The TEM in-situ straining experiments at ambient and 400C show also the rapid decompositions of lattice dislocations in the grain boundary, suggesting a possible mechanism for the creation of disconnections. The possible decomposition reactions are hence considered in order to determine the nature of the produced disconnections. The disconnections with small step heights and Burgers vectors and small climb components are thought to be mobile and the potential deformation that they would carry is in agreement with the experimentally measured coupling factors. The shear-coupled grain boundary migration is studied by atomistic simulation in a Cu bicrystal containing a symmetrical S13<001>{320} grain boundary, at 0 K. The minimum energy path (MEP) of the grain boundary migration is determined by the Nudged Elastic Band (NEB) method. The structural evolution of the grain boundary along the MEP shows that the grain boundary migration occurs through the nucleation and motion of grain boundary steps, identified as disconnections, in agreement with experimental observations. The energy barrier for the nucleation of the disconnections is found to be about 11 times larger than the energy barrier for their motion. Hence, in the absence of pre-existing disconnections in the grain boundary, the nucleation of the disconnections is the limiting step of the shear-coupled grain boundary migration
TORRENT, MARC. "Etude numerique de la structure atomique et electronique de quelques joints de grains du silicium." Paris 6, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA066712.
Повний текст джерелаDang, Mau-Chien. "Comportement rhéologique, percolation et endommagement de matériaux à joints de grains visqueux, solides ou liquides." Grenoble INPG, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994INPG0083.
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