Дисертації з теми "Jet-induced"
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Alamry, Khalid Ahmad Abet. "Flow induced polymer degradation during ink-jet printing." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2010. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/flow-induced-polymer-degradation-during-inkjetprinting(88d2394a-d6be-4291-ba64-9544932e5279).html.
Повний текст джерелаHowell, Rachel. "Laser induced fluorescence studies of jet-cooled aromatic amines." Thesis, Imperial College London, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/46347.
Повний текст джерелаMora, Alejandro. "Discrete model for pattern formation in laser induced jet chemical etching." Berlin Logos-Verl, 2006. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?id=2788032&prov=M&dok_var=1&dok_ext=htm.
Повний текст джерелаCross, Patrick S. "The California coastal jet : synoptic controls and topographically induced mesoscale structure /." Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2003. http://library.nps.navy.mil/uhtbin/hyperion-image/03Mar%5FCross.phd.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаJohnstone, Henry Webb 1956. "CONFINED JET-INDUCED MIXING AT A DENSITY INTERFACE (TURBULENT, SHEAR FLOW)." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/292003.
Повний текст джерелаElhalhuli, Essam Othman. "A study of medium induced jet modificaiton at the relativistic heavy ion collider via two particle correlations and identified jet spectra." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2010. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/1137/.
Повний текст джерелаYates, Alexander John. "Trace analysis of nitrogen oxides by laser-induced fluorescence and supersonic jet-cooling." Thesis, Heriot-Watt University, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/10399/817.
Повний текст джерелаLiu, Xianming. "Rotationally resolved laser-induced fluorescence spectrum of jet- cooled methoxy and methylthio radicals /." The Ohio State University, 1990. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu148768304937798.
Повний текст джерелаGreer, William Andrew Derek. "Studies of surface-induced luminescence relevant to spacecraft glow using a seeded arc-jet." Thesis, University of Southampton, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.293348.
Повний текст джерелаBaghaei, Lakeh Reza. "ENHANCEMENT OF CONVECTIVE HEAT TRANSFER IN INTERNAL FLOWS USING AN ELECTRICALLY-INDUCED CORONA JET." OpenSIUC, 2012. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/dissertations/622.
Повний текст джерелаItani, Lama. "Development and application of optical diagnostic techniques for assessing the effects of preferential evaporation of multi-component fuels under engine-relevant conditions." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015SACLC018/document.
Повний текст джерелаA non-intrusive quantitative laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) technique capable of simultaneously measuring preferential evaporation, temperature distribution, and fuel-mass concentration across a multi-component vaporized spray has been developed and investigated under engine-relevant conditions. The measurement technique is based on two-tracer LIF with single wavelength excitation.To assess preferential evaporation, a tracer pair with suitable co-evaporation and spectral properties was selected based on vapor-liquid equilibrium calculations repre-sentative for gasoline fuels. Evaporation studies have shown that one tracer (p-difluoro-benzene) co-evaporates with the high-to-medium-volatility end of the multi-component fuel while the other (1-methylnaphthalene) co-evaporates with the low-volatility end. For quantitative measurements the photophysical properties of both tracers (each tracer separately and the combined tracers) were determined under a wide range of pressure, temperature, and bath-gas composition conditions. 1-methylnaphthalene LIF shows a strong red-shift with temperature which enables measurements of the temperature distribution across the spray.Spray evaporation and vapor mixing experiments were performed in a high-pressure high-temperature vessel capable of simulating in-cylinder conditions. An ECN Spray-G and a piezo-electric outward opening injector were used in this study. Initial measure-ments were carried out with each tracer added separately to the fuel to assess signal cross-talk and to determine the best tracer concentrations. Once the proportions were determined, accuracy and precision of the method were determined from the LIF-signal ratio of spray images within identical spectral bands. Temperature fields, obtained by two-color 1-methylnaphthalene LIF and derived from fuel concentration maps based on the assumption of adiabatic evaporation, were examined for inhomogeneities in the area of interest since fluctuations potentially influence the two-color method. It was shown that the temperature is homogeneous in the measurement volume.To localize preferential evaporation, two-color two-tracer LIF images were evaluated. Taking into account the measurement accuracy and precision, variations in the spatial distribution of the fuel volatility classes were observed for 550–600 K. At higher tem-peratures, the effect is less pronounced, which is consistent with the fact that evapora-tion is faster. The localization of preferential evaporation varied with each injector used indicating the impact of injector nozzle geometry and jet structure on mixture formation
Eine berührungsfreies quantitatives Verfahren auf Basis von laserinduzierter Fluoreszenz (LIF) wurde entwickelt, um simultan präferenzielle Verdampfung, Temperaturverteilung und Kraftstoffkonzentration im verdampften Bereich eines Mehrkomponenten-Kraftstoffsprays unter motorrelevanten Bedingungen zu messen. Verfahren beruht auf Zwei-tracer-LIF mit Anregungmit einem Laser.Es wurde ein Tracer-Paar mit geeigneten Verdampfungs- und spektralen Eigenschaften auf Basis von Dampf-Flüssigkeits-Gleichgewichtsrechnungen für Otto-Kraftstoffe ausgewählt. Verdampfungsmessungen haben gezeigt, dass ein Tracer (p-Difluorbenzol) gleichzeitig mit dem mittel- und höherflüchtigen Siedeklassen verdampft, während der andere (1-Methylnaphthalin) den schwerflüchtigen Komponentenfolgt. Für quantitative Messungen wurden die photophysikalischen Eigenschaften beider Tracer (einzeln und als Kombination) in einem weiten Bereich von Druck, Temperatur und Gaszusammensetzung bestimmt. 1-Methylnaphthalin-LIF zeigt eine starke Rotverschiebung mit der Temperatur, die Messungen der Temperaturverteilung ermöglicht. Es wurde ein Tracer-Paar mit geeigneten Verdampfungs- und spektralen Eigenschaften auf Basis von Dampf-Flüssigkeits-Gleichgewichtsrechnungen für Otto-Kraftstoffe ausgewählt. Verdampfungsmessungen haben gezeigt, dass ein Tracer (p-Difluorbenzol) gleichzeitig mit dem mittel- und höherflüchtigen Siedeklassen verdampft, während der andere (1-Methylnaphthalin) den schwerflüchtigen Komponentenfolgt. Für quantitative Messungen wurden die photophysikalischen Eigenschaften beider Tracer (einzeln und als Kombination) in einem weiten Bereich von Druck, Temperatur und Gaszusammensetzung bestimmt. 1-Methylnaphthalin-LIF zeigt eine starke Rotverschiebungmit der Temperatur, die Messungen der Temperaturverteilung ermöglicht
Kristy, Michael H. "Strut and wall interference on jet-induced ground effects of a STOVL aircraft in hover." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 1995. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA303614.
Повний текст джерелаThesis advisor(s): S.K. Hebbar, Max F. Platzer. "September 1995." Includes bibliographical references. Also available online.
Kannanayakal, Thomas Joseph. "Inflammatory Cytokines in Jet Propulsion Fuel-8 Induced Irritant Contact Dermatitis in Male Fischer Rats." Wright State University / OhioLINK, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wright1242168249.
Повний текст джерелаGharaibeh, Mohammed. "Spectroscopic Detection and Characterization of Jet-Cooled Transient Molecules." UKnowledge, 2012. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/chemistry_etds/39.
Повний текст джерелаRao, Martin Kiran. "An experimental investigation of the use of air jet vortex generators to control shock induced boundary layer separation." Thesis, City University London, 1988. http://openaccess.city.ac.uk/7551/.
Повний текст джерелаDooley, William. "An experimental investigation of jet-induced ground effects and support strut interference on a STOVL configuration in hover." Thesis, Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/30848.
Повний текст джерелаVorontsov, Valeriy. "Charge transfer pumping for XUV lasers using femtosecond laser induced plasmas interacting with neutrals from a pulsed gas jet." [S.l. : s.n.], 2005. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=975151150.
Повний текст джерелаBishop, Allen J. "Confined Mixing of Multiple Transverse Jets." DigitalCommons@CalPoly, 2012. https://digitalcommons.calpoly.edu/theses/894.
Повний текст джерелаFriedman, Jacob A. "Investigating the interaction of an annular air jet with a spray flame using phase-Doppler interferometry and laser-induced fluorescence." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape17/PQDD_0006/NQ30609.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаSengupta, Anindya. "Study of microburst-induced wind flow and its effects on cube-shaped buildings using numerical and experimental simulations of an impinging jet." [Ames, Iowa : Iowa State University], 2007.
Знайти повний текст джерелаPulcini, Annie Rae. "Nitric Oxide and Other Characterizations of an Atmospheric Pressure Plasma Jet." The Ohio State University, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1420743032.
Повний текст джерелаCosimi, Julien. "Caractérisations d'un jet de plasma froid d'hélium à pression atmosphérique." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020TOU30136.
Повний текст джерелаCold atmospheric pressure plasma jets are a subject of great interest in many biomedical fields for the past decade. In the various applications of these jets, the plasma generated can interact with many types of surfaces. Plasma jets influence the treated surfaces, but it is now well known that the treated surface also influences the plasma according to their characteristics. The work carried out in this thesis therefore aims to characterize a cold helium atmospheric pressure plasma jet in contact with three surfaces (dielectric, metallic and ultrapure water) by means of different electrical and optical diagnostics in order to understand the influence of the nature of the surfaces on the physical properties of the plasma and the chemical species generated. The first part of this thesis is focused on the study of the influence of surfaces on the plasma jet. Different parameters are studied, such as the nature of treated surfaces, the gas flow, the distance between the outlet of the device and the surface or the composition of the injected gas. For this purpose, helium flow at the outlet of the device is followed by Schlieren imagery with and without the discharge. Emission spectroscopy is used to determine the emissive species generated by the plasma. ICCD imagery is employed to follow the generation and the propagation of the discharge and the distribution of several excited species in the jet by using band-pass interference filters. A dielectric target causes the ionization wave to spread over its surface and a conductive target leads to the formation of a conduction channel. The evolution of excited species densities (OH*, N2*, He* and O*) increases with the relative permittivity of the treated surface. As well known, active species generated by plasma jets play a fundamental role in the kinetics and the chemistry of the mechanisms linked to plasma processes. The second part of the present work therefore relates to the spatial and temporal evaluation of the densities of the hydroxyl radical OH which plays a major role in many cellular mechanisms. The spatial mapping and the temporal evolution of the absolute and relative densities of OH are obtained by LIF and PLIF laser diagnostics. The density of OH generated increases with the electrical conductivity of the treated surface. It can be noted that the OH molecules remain present in the helium channel between two consecutive discharges (several tens of microseconds). Finally, we focus on the production of chemical species in ultrapure water treated with plasma. The influence of different parameters on the concentration of species in the treated water has been studied to optimize the production of chemical species. In experimental conditions, grounding the ultrapure water during treatment increases the concentration of H2O2. Furthermore, the grounding induces a decrease in the NO2- concentration
Delconte, Alain. "Fluorescence induite par laser multibande appliquée à la mesure de température dans les milieux complexes." Thesis, Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009INPL062N/document.
Повний текст джерелаMultiband laser-induced fluorescence is a non-intrusive technique able to provide a measurement of the liquid phase of complex media. The application of this technique in single phase liquids, with a variable optical path (product of the fluorescent tracer molecular concentration by the distance between the probe volume and the collection optics in the liquid) was considered. The ratio of the fluorescence intensities collected on two spectral bands allows removing the influence of the fluorescence tracer concentration, incident laser intensity and probe volume. A third spectral band of detection is used to take into account the re-absorption of the fluorescence in the case of non negligible and variable optical paths. Then, the application of this technique to the measurement of the temperature of the liquid phase of a spray is presented. A specific data processing was developed in order to take into account the random presence of droplets in the probe volume. Moreover, the processing was adapted to achieve combined fluorescence and droplet size measurements using the phase Doppler technique. The overall foreseen goal is to measure temperature per droplet size class. However, several disturbing phenomena were highlighted: - an unexpected non-linear dependence on the droplet size of the ratio of the fluorescence intensities collected on two spectral bands, - a strong incident laser light scattering by the droplets cloud, which induces a fluorescence beyond the excitation zone. This fluorescence is also collected in the depth of field of the optical device and combines with the non-linear size dependence. A correction strategy of these phenomena was implemented and a validation experiment on a heated spray injected in a vapour-saturated cell was performed
Tijani, Jimoh Oladejo. "Degradation of bisphenol-a and 2-Nitrophenol by combined advanced oxidation technologies." University of the Western Cape, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/5072.
Повний текст джерелаEmerging micropollutants such as bisphenol-A and 2-nitrophenol present a great threat in drinking water due to their adverse effects. Most conventional technologies in water and wastewater treatment are not designed to eliminate these xenobiotics; instead pollutants are merely transferred from one phase to another. Advanced oxidation technologies (AOTs) however, have been identified as suitable routes for the degradation of these potential damaging substances based on free radical mechanisms and use of less expensive chemicals. Moreover, due to the structural complexity of wastewater and the existence of pollutants as mixtures, no single advanced oxidation technology can convincingly remove all forms of contaminants and then most often than not, a combination of treatment processes is required for an effective purification process. Besides, the problem of adequate degradation of emerging contaminants in the environment, when AOT(s) are used individually, they present inherent problems. For instance, powder TiO₂ photocatalysts obstruct light penetration, thus prevent effective interaction of UV light with the target pollutants, and particulates present problems of post-filtration and recovery of catalyst particles after treatment. Additionally, TiO₂ has a high band gap energy, high electron-hole recombination rate, and is prone to aggregation of the suspended particles. Similarly, the dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) system produces ultra violet light and hydrogen peroxide within the plasma zone which is not fully maximised for the mineralization of persistent organic pollutants. Rapid oxidation and aggregation of nano zero valent iron particles in photo-Fentons process reduce the particles mobility and affect its performance. In the same vein, the jet loop reactor (JLR) system is characterised by low impingement yield, which is responsible for low mineralization rate. In light of this background, this research investigated the degradation of bisphenol-A and 2- nitrophenol in aqueous solution using the following combined advanced oxidation methods: DBD/supported TiO₂ or Ag doped TiO₂ photocatalysts, DBD/photo-Fenton induced process and JLR/UV/H₂O₂. The target was to assess the performance of each single system and then identify the best combined AOTs capable of significantly mineralizing the target compounds. Firstly, two materials were developed namely supported TiO₂ and stabilized nano zero valent Fe. The TiO₂ photocatalyst supported on a stainless steel mesh was synthesised using sol-gel solution of 8 % PAN/DMF/TiCl₄. The influence of calcination temperature and holding time on the formation of nanocrystals was investigated. Afterwards, various amounts of metallic silver were deposited on the (optimum) supported TiO₂ photocatalyst using thermal evaporation. The catalysts were characterized by several analytical methods; HRSEM, HRTEM, EDS, SAED, FTIR, TGA-DSC, UV-vis/diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, XRD, BET, and XPS. The photocatalytic activity of the prepared catalysts was determined using methylene blue as a model pollutant under ultra-violet light irradiation. Secondly, the TiO2 photocatalyst and 2.4 % Ag doped TiO₂ nanocomposites obtained as optimums (in section 1) were combined with the DBD to decompose BPA or 2-NP in aqueous solution. Moreover, the photo-Fenton process was applied for degradation of the model pollutants, and different dosages of stabilized nZVI (in the range of 0.02 -1.00 g) were added to the DBD system to induce the photo-Fenton process and improve BPA or 2-NP degradation efficiency. Finally, a jet loop reactor (JLR) presenting advanced mixing by the “impinging effect” was explored to decompose BPA or 2-NP in aqueous solution as a function of inlet applied pressure, solution pH, and initial concentration of BPA or 2-NP. Subsequently, different concentrations of hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) were added to the JLR to enhance the mineralization process. Furthermore, a combination of JLR with in-line UV light and H₂O₂ were further utilised to decompose BPA or 2-NP in aqueous solution. The residual concentration of the model compounds and intermediates were analysed using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LCMS). The concentration of the ozone, hydrogen peroxide and hydroxyl radicals generated by the DBD in the presence or absence of a catalyst was monitored using Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy and Photoluminescence spectroscopy. The results revealed that the optimal thermal conditions to obtain well supported uniformly grown, highly active crystalline TiO₂ catalysts with high specific surface area was 350 ºC at a 3 h holding time in N2 atmosphere with a flow rate of 20 mL/min. Pyrolysis temperature and holding time played an important role on the crystalline nature and photocatalytic activity of the catalyst. Moreover, 2.4 % Ag doped TiO₂ nanocomposites exhibited higher photocatalytic activity for methylene blue degradation than the undoped supported TiO₂ nanocrystals. The results indicated that combining DBD with 2.4 % Ag doped TiO₂ nanocomposites achieved 89 % and 81 % removal efficiency for BPA or 2-NP compared to 67.22 % or 56.8 % obtain when using the DBD system alone. The 2.4 % Ag doped TiO₂ nanocomposites demonstrated excellent activity and offered photochemical stability after four repeated applications.In the case of the photo-Fenton induced process, nano zero valent iron particles (nZVI) stabilized with polyethylene glycol were synthesised using a modified borohydride reduction method. The HRSEM, BET, XRD, and XPS analysis confirmed the formation of filamentous, high surface area iron nanoparticles in the zero valent state. Unlike combined DBD/Ag doped TiO2 nanocomposites, 100 % or complete removal of BPA or 2-NP in aqueous solution was achieved with DBD/nZVI system within 30 minutes compared to 67.9 % (BPA) or 56.8 % (2-NP) with DBD alone after 80 minutes. The removal efficiency was attributable to the production of an increased concentration of OH radicals as well as existence of a synergetic effect in the combined DBD/nZVI system. Five new transformation products namely: 4-nitrophenol (C₆H₅NO₃), 4-nitrosophenolate (C₆H₄NO₂), 4-(prop-1-en-2-yl) cyclohexa-3,5-diene-1,2-dione, (C₉H₈O₂), 4-(2- hydroxylpropan-2-yl)cyclohexane-3,5-diene-1,2-dione (C₉H₁₀O₃), and 1,2-dimethyl-4-(2- nitropropan-2-yl)benzene (C₉H₁₀NO₄) were identified during the degradation of BPA. While, three aromatic intermediate compounds such as 2-nitro-1,3,5-benzenetriolate (C₆H₂NO₅), 2- nitro-1,4-benzoquinone (C₆H₃NO₄), and 2,5-dihydroxyl-1,4-benzoquinone (C₆H₄O₄) respectively were identified during the degradation of 2-NP for the first time in the DBD with JT14 or JT17 using LC-MS. These intermediate compounds have never been reported in the literature, thereby expanding the number of BPA or 2-NP intermediates in the data base in the DBD/JT14 or DBD/nZVI system. BPA degradation proceeded via ozonation, hydroxylation, dimerization, and decarboxylation and nitration step, while 2-NP proceeded via hydroxylation, nitration and denitration respectively. Furthermore, maximum removal efficiency of BPA or 2-NP in aqueous solution using JLR alone under the optimum solution pH (3), inlet pressure (4 bar), flow rate (0.0007 m3/s) was 14.0 % and 13.2 % respectively after 80 minutes. A removal efficiency of 34.9 % was recorded for BPA while 33.2 % was achieved for 2-NP using combined JLR/UV under the same conditions as JLR alone. For the combined JLR/H₂O₂ under optimum conditions of inlet pressure (4 bar), solution pH (3) and peroxide dosage (0.34 g/L), a 51.3 % and 50.1 % removal efficiency was achieved for BPA and 2-NP respectively under same conditions relative to JLR alone. Combination of JLR/UV/H₂O₂ achieved 77.7 % (BPA) or 76.6 % (2- NP) removal efficiency under the same conditions. The combined JLR/UV/H₂O₂ process was found to be most effective combination under the optimized operating parameters due to existence of a synergetic index value of 6.42 or 6.84. This implies that JLR should be coupled with UV and H₂O₂ to achieve greater mineralization efficiency instead of using the system individually. The obtained experimental data of these combined treatment processes fitted the pseudo-first order kinetic models. The combination of the JLR/UV/H₂O₂ was found to be energy efficient and could effectively degrade BPA or 2-NP in aqueous solution to a greater extent than the JLR, JLR/UV or JLR/H₂O₂ system. However, the total organic carbon (TOC) reduction value by all combined DBD and JLR system recorded was not completely achieved due to the formation of recalcitrant intermediate compounds under the applied conditions. In conclusion, this study is reporting for the first time a combination of supported 2.4 % Ag doped TiO₂ nanocomposites with dielectric barrier discharge system for BPA/2-NP degradation in aqueous solution; a combination jet loop reactor based on impingement with in-line UV lamp and H2O2 for successfully decomposing BPA or 2-NP in aqueous solution; as well as a combination of dielectric barrier discharge system and stabilised nano zero valent iron particles, which induced a photo-Fenton process for highly effective removal of BPA or 2-NP in aqueous solution. This study conclusively supports the hypothesis that combined advanced oxidation technologies offer a sustainable and highly efficient means of achieving partial or complete removal of BPA or 2-NP in aqueous solutions. Considering all the combinations of AOTs investigated in this study, the novel DBD/photo-Fenton-induced process under optimised operating parameters was found to be the most efficient in the elimination of BPA or 2-NP in aqueous solutions. The combination of DBD with photo- Fenton like process offers a promising advanced waste water purification technology in the immediate future. Based on these findings, it is recommended that DBD should be redesigned to prevent loss of ozone and JLR system reconfigured to increase impingement and cavitational yield in order to have an effective combination treatment strategy for waste water purification especially in large scale waste water management.
National Research Foundation (NRF) and Water Research Commission, South Africa
Puyuelo, valdes Pilar. "Laser-driven ion acceleration with high-density gas-jet targets and application to elemental analysis." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020BORD0134.
Повний текст джерелаIn this joint thesis, performed between the French Institute CENBG (Bordeaux) and the Canadian Institute INRS (Varennes), laser driven ion acceleration and an application of the beams are studied. The first part, carried out at CENBG and on the PICO2000 laser facility of the LULI laboratory, studies both experimentally and using numerical particle-in-cell (PIC) simulations, the interaction of a high power infrared laser with a high density gas target. The second part, performed at ALLS laser facility of the EMT-INRS institute, investigates the utilization of laser generated beams for elementary analysis of various materials and artifacts. In this work, firstly the characteristics of the two lasers, the experimental configurations, and the different employed particle diagnostics (Thomson parabolas, radiochromic films, etc.) employed are introduced.In the first part, a detailed study of the supersonic high density gas jets which have been used as targets at LULI is presented, from their conceptual design using fluid dynamics simulations, up to the characterization of their density profiles using Mach-Zehnder interferometry. Other optical methods such as strioscopy have been implemented to control the dynamics of the gas jet and thus define the optimal instant to perform the laser shot. The spectra obtained in different interaction conditions are presented, showing maximum energies of up to 6 MeV for protons and 16 MeV for Helium ions in the laser direction. Numerical simulations carried out with the PIC code PICLS are presented and used to discuss the different structures seen in the spectra and the underlying acceleration mechanisms.The second part presents an experiment using laser based sources generated by the ALLS laser to perform a material analysis by the Particle-induced X-ray emission (PIXE) and X-ray fluorescence (XRF) techniques. Proton and X-ray beams produced by the interaction of the laser with Aluminum, Copper and Gold targets were used to make these analyzes. The relative importance of XRF or PIXE is studied depending on the nature of the particle production target. Several spectra obtained for different materials are presented and discussed. The dual contribution of both processes is analyzed and indicates that a combination improves the retrieval of constituents in materials and allows for volumetric analysis up to tens of microns on cm^2 large areas, up to a detection threshold of ppms
Isler, Elias. "Aplicação de Fluorescência Induzida por Laser (LIF) em área contaminada por querosene de aviação /." Rio Claro, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/192897.
Повний текст джерелаResumo: O presente estudo explora a avaliação da distribuição de Light Non-Aqueous Phase Liquid (LNAPL) trapeado na zona saturada empregando a técnica de fluorescência induzida por laser (Laser-Induced Fluorescence – LIF). A área de estudo está localizada no município de Paulínia e tem sido investigada para contaminação por Querosene de Aviação (QAV) desde 2002. O equipamento Ultra-Violet Optical Screening Tool (UVOST®) foi utilizado por possuir a capacidade de detectar moléculas de Hidrocarbonetos Policíclicos Aromáticos (PAH) presentes no LNAPL. Foram realizados um teste piloto de bancada e 21 ensaios de perfilagem LIF em campo, incluindo monitoramento de nível d’água (NA) e nível de óleo (NO) sobrenadante em poços existentes. A perfilagem LIF foi empregada para definir com precisão a extensão lateral do LNAPL, bem como sua tipologia. Além disso, a integração de resultados de fluorescência, oscilação sazonal do NA, espessura de QAV e concentração de naftaleno conduziu para um entendimento mais claro da migração lateral e vertical do LNAPL em subsuperfície. Elevadas intensidades de fluorescência relacionadas ao QAV foram detectadas abaixo do NA na situação de descida do LNAPL em períodos de NA baixo, revelando migrações verticais pretéritas, e correspondem à presença de fase livre nesses períodos, previamente registradas em poços de monitoramento. Análises estatísticas dos quatro canais distintos (comprimentos de onda de 350 nm, 400 nm, 450 nm e 500 nm) mostraram forte correlação en... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: The present study explores the distribution evaluation of Light Non-Aqueous Phase Liquid (LNAPL) trapped in the saturated zone using Laser-Induced Fluorescence (LIF) technique. The study site is located in the Paulínia municipality and has been investigated for jet fuel contamination since 2002. Ultra-Violet Optical Screening Tool (UVOST®) was used for its capability in detecting Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon (PAH) molecules present in LNAPL. One pilot test and 21 LIF profiling tests were carried out in the field, including water table (WT) and floating oil level (OL) monitoring in existing wells. LIF profiling was employed to accurately define the lateral extension of weathered LNAPL, as well as its typology. In addiction, the integration of fluorescence results, seasonal fluctuation of WT, jet fuel thickness and naphthalene concentration led to a clear understanding of lateral and vertical migration of the LNAPL in the subsurface. High fluorescence intensities related to the jet fuel were detected below the WT in the situation of falling LNAPL in low WT season, revealing past vertical migration, and these correspond to the presence of free phase in periods of low WT, previously registered in monitoring wells. Statistical analysis of the four distinct channels (wavelength of 350 nm, 400 nm, 450 nm and 500 nm) showed correlation between the referred wavelengths in the presence of the contaminant, allowing differentiating with better refinement the horizons with the presence... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Doutor
Schmidt, Jacob Brian. "Ultrashort Two-Photon-Absorption Laser-Induced Fluorescence in Nanosecond-Duration, Repetitively Pulsed Discharges." The Ohio State University, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1437694779.
Повний текст джерелаRatti, M. G. "SEARCHING FOR DARK MATTER IN THE MONO-JET AND MONO-PHOTON CHANNELS WITH THE ATLAS DETECTOR." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/2434/546269.
Повний текст джерелаRitchie, Brian Douglas. "Quantitative Acetone PLIF Measurements of Jet Mixing with Synthetic Jet Actuators." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/10536.
Повний текст джерелаAlata, Ivan. "Caractérisation et dynamique des états excités des molécules aromatiques protonées." Thesis, Paris 11, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA112187/document.
Повний текст джерелаProtonated aromatic molecules play an important role in electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions, fundamental reactions in organic chemistry and in various biological processes. The interstellar medium is another environment which is likely to contain the protonated aromatic molecules, that’s because these molecules are stable chemically since they are close shell electronic structure. These molecules were also identified in others environments such as combustion flames, plasmas of various hydrocarbons and the upper atmosphere of Titan. Protonated molecules are usually very sensitive to their local environment; a gas phase study is required to determine their intrinsic properties. Until now, very little is known about the isolated protonated molecules, only a few results are available in the literature. This lack of data is due to the difficulties of the production and the cooling of these molecules in gas phase. The technical progress we have done has enabled the study of protonated molecules in the gas phase at very low temperatures, using an ion sources, supersonic jet and the laser induced photofragmentation techniques. Using this technique, we have recorded many electronic spectra (S1←S0) of different protonated molecules. We can regroup the studied molecules into four: Linear protonated polycyclic aromatic molecules (benzene, naphthalene, anthracene, tetracene, pentacene). Nonlinear protonated polycyclic aromatic molecules (fluorene, phenanthrene, pyrene). Protonated molecules containing an hetero atom (benzaldehyde, salicylaldehyde, 1-naphthol and 2-naphthol, indole, aniline). Protonated cluster (dimer of benzene, naphthalene (H2O)n, n = 1,2,3. Naphthalene (NH3)n, n = 1,2,3, benzaldehyde (Ar, N2)). Most of those spectra are red-shifted compare to the spectrums of neutral parent molecules. This red-shift is due to charge transfer character of the first excited state. Some spectra are vibrationally resolved, while for other molecules the spectrum do not shows any vibrational progression. This behaviour is explained by the dynamic of the excited state, this dynamic being usually is very fast, sometimes leading to the ground state through a conical intersection. The spectra of protonated molecules are very active vibrationally in comparison with neutral molecules, many vibrational modes forbidden for neutral molecule becomes active for the protonated one (Franck-Condon factor is not zero). This is reflecting the charge transfer character of the excited state. The experimental results were complemented by ab-initio calculations, which have allowed determining the electronic transition, the geometric and electronic structure of the molecule, the vibrational modes, and for some of these molecules the dynamics of excited state. Calculations are generally in very good agreement with experiments
Brahami, Yacine. "Mélange à scalaire actif dans les écoulements de jets turbulents." Thesis, Normandie, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020NORMR093.
Повний текст джерелаActive scalar mixing, which modifies the velocity field through variations of either density or viscosity, received much less attention than passive scalars. This thesis aims at unravelling some open questions pertaining to active scalar mixing. Whilst some results point to the facts that mixing occurs faster for i) light jets than for heavy jets, and ii) more viscous fluid released in a less viscous environment. This simple example reveals the necessity of a systematic study of the problem. We focus on two aspects of these very vast questions. I. Variable density round jet. We designed an experimental set-up, which allows measuring both velocity and scalar fields, using simultaneous Stereo Particle Image Velocimetry and Planar Laser Induced Fluorescence. The first question concerns mixing immediately after injection. Therefore, the very near field of the jet was particularly sought. One-point statistics were used to evaluate the large-scale effect of momentum and density variations on the initiation of turbulence. Also, two-point turbulent statistics for velocity and scalar have been appraised. Through this approach, the effects on transition were assessed through scales of turbulent motion. Mixing was also evaluated at the edge of the flow, in the vicinity of the Turbulent/Non-Turbulent Interface. We found additional specificity to variable density mixing, that is inaccessible by averaging on a cylindrical frame of reference. II. Temporally evolving turbulent jet flow with variable viscosity and mass diffusivity. The data consists in Direct Numerical Simulation performed in our group by Dr. M. Gauding. The purpose of these simulations is to study the kinetic energy and scalar dissipation rates in flows with variable momentum and mass diffusivities. We focused on conditional averaging in the vicinity of Turbulent/Non-Turbulent Interface. This data is confronted to one-and-two point transport equations for the momentum and scalar. It is shown that initial gradients of both viscosity and mass diffusivity have an intense and persistent impact on both kinetic energy and scalar dissipation rates, in the vicinity of the Turbulent/Non-Turbulent Interface, albeit a rapidly trend of the jet core towards self-preservation
Walker, Melinda. "Laser induced fluorescence spectroscopy of aromatic systems." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.282580.
Повний текст джерелаChen, Ming-Wei. "Laser Spectroscopy Studying Organic and Inorganic Intermediates in The Atmospheric Oxidation Process." The Ohio State University, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1316196649.
Повний текст джерелаTecu, Kirk S. "Laser induced fluorescence imaging of counterflow diffusion flames /." free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 1997. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p9841342.
Повний текст джерелаCatlett, Matthew Ryan. "Flow Induced Noise from Turbulent Flow over Steps and Gaps." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/32926.
Повний текст джерелаMaster of Science
Garcia, Alexandre. "Ligand Induced Electroless Plating of Polymers." Palaiseau, Ecole polytechnique, 2011. https://pastel.hal.science/docs/00/64/69/62/PDF/ThA_seAGARCIA.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаThe main goal of this research project was to answer to an industrial issue: To develop a "green" process for the electroless plating of polymers without chromic acid (CrVI) etching. During this work, an alternative process based on an innovative surface coating technology (Graftfast® technology) has been developed. This technique which is working in aqueous solution and at room temperature allows to chemically graft vinylic polymers on various types of substrates. Based on this method, a poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) layer has been covalently grafted onto various polymer substrates (ABS, ABS-PC, PA, PET, PVC, PVDF. . . ). Ion exchange properties introduced in these polymer thin films were used to entrap metal salts. Once reduced into this interphase, copper particles act as catalysts of the metal layer growth by immersion into an electroless plating bath. The resulting metal layer owns mechanical and electrical properties competitive with the current industrial processes. Combined with cost-effective and innovative lithographic processes, metal patterns were obtained onto flexible and transparent substrates (PET, PVDF) at the micrometer scale. In order to answer more appropriately to the current environmental and economic constraints, this "wet" Graftfast® surface functionalization process has been replaced by an inkjet-printed and photo-assisted process. This new process also enables to produce metal patterns onto flexible substrates such as glossy papers (PVC) or transparent sheets (PET) with a micrometric resolution. These devices similarly own excellent electrical and mechanical properties and allow considering its use for applications in the microelectronic field
Cathelain, Marie. "Développement d’un modèle de simulation déterministe pour l’étude du couplage entre un écoulement atmosphérique et un état de mer." Thesis, Ecole centrale de Nantes, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017ECDN0001/document.
Повний текст джерелаModelling the dynamic coupling of ocean-atmosphere systems requires a fundamental and quantitative understanding of the mechanisms governing the windwave interactions: despite numerous studies, our current understanding remains quite incomplete and, in certain conditions, sparse field observations contradict the usual theoretical and stochastic models. Within the context of a growing exploitation of the offshore wind energy and the development of met ocean models, a fine description of this resource is a key issue. Field experiments and numerical modelling have revealed that atmospheric stability and wave effects, including the dynamic sea surface roughness, are two major factors affecting the wind field over oceans. A numerical tool has been implemented in order to study the coupling between an atmospheric flow and the seastate. A massively parallel large-eddy simulation developed by P. Sullivan at the National Center for Atmospheric Research is then coupled to a High-Order Spectral wave model developed at the Hydrodynamics,Energetics & Atmospheric Environment Laboratory in Ecole Centrale de Nantes. Numerous configurations of wind and sea states are investigated. It appears that, under strongly forced wind conditions above a small sea state, the semi-empirical laws referred to as standards in the international guidelines are a good approximation for the vertical profile of the mean wind speed. However, for light winds overlying fast-moving swell, the presence of a wave induced wind jet is observed, invalidating the use of such logarithmic laws
Lowe, Steven. "Quantitative measurements of temperature using laser-induced thermal grating spectroscopy in reacting and non-reacting flows." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2018. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/277375.
Повний текст джерелаLaxåback, Martin. "Fast wave heating and current drive in tokamaks." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Alfvénlaboratoriet, 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-118.
Повний текст джерелаQC 20100506
Ledier, Constantin. "Application de la LIF de molécules aromatiques au dosage de carburants fossiles et biocarburants." Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00661595.
Повний текст джерелаSchneider, Maximilian Kurt. "Characterization of Collisional Shock Structures Induced by the Stagnation of Railgun-driven Multi-ion-species Plasma-jets." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/96551.
Повний текст джерелаDoctor of Philosophy
Plasma, the so-called fourth state of matter, is an ionized gas that often behaves like a fluid but can also become magnetized and carry an electric current. This combination leads to a lot of interesting yet often un-intuitive physics, the study of which is very important for understanding a wide array of topics. One subset of this field is the study of shock-wave induced species separation. Just like the shock-wave a jet aircraft produces when it moves through the air at a speed greater than the speed of sound, a plasma shock is characterized by a large change in parameters like density, temperature, and pressure across a very small region. A shock-wave propagating through a plasma can cause different ion species present to separate out, a phenomenon that is driven by the gradients that are present across a shock front. Understanding how these mechanisms work is important to a number of applications, including fusion energy research and astrophysical events. The first section of this work discusses the design and development of a plasma-armature railgun, a device that can produce and accelerate jets of plasma to high-Mach-number within a vacuum chamber. The next and most substantive section of the work presents results from experimental campaigns to characterize the accelerated plasma jets and then to induce plasma-jet collisions with the hope of producing shock-waves that exist on time and spatial scales that can be readily measured in a laboratory setting. This work is a foundation for future experimental attempts to measure separation induced by a shock-wave in order to better understand these complex phenomena.
Surat, Ugur Emrah. "Graviton Induced Monojet Production In Cms Within Add Type Led." Master's thesis, METU, 2010. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12612116/index.pdf.
Повний текст джерела#8722
1, and a center-of-mass energy of 10 TeV and integrated luminosity of 200 pb&
#8722
1. Details from extensive trigger studies are presented and offline selection techniques that optimize the signal excess over backgrounds are highlighted. As a result of this study, it is shown that the existing Tevatron limits on the ADD model can be improved through the implementation of this analysis in CMS Experiment with a factor of 3 using the the early LHC data.
Nadel-Turonski, Pawel. "Experimental Studies of Neutron Emission Induced by Heavy-Ion Scattering." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala : Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis : Univ.-bibl. [distributör], 2003. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-3570.
Повний текст джерелаNetzer, Marie-Hélène. "Recherches sur le déterminisme de la floraison de 3 cvs de Brassica napus L. Var. Oleifera en conditions contrôléesS." Paris 6, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA066130.
Повний текст джерелаNechab, Khadouma. "Dynamics in fire-induced ceiling-jet." Master's thesis, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10198/14645.
Повний текст джерелаO objetivo desta tese é testar a capacidade de alguns modelos correlativos para descrever as características dinâmicas e térmicas de um fluxo de jato de teto induzido por um incêndio. O fluxo ocorre quando a chama de incêndio atinge o teto e se desenvolve na direção radial em relação ao eixo do fogo. Estes modelos correlativos também foram comparados com um modelo de duas zonas (CFAST) e com um método de cálculo avançado (Computational Fluid Dynamics) para o cálculo da temperatura e da velocidade perto do teto. Estes resultados foram determinados dentro de um parque de estacionamento aberto, usando diferentes eventos de incêndio (incêndios localizados). As previsões de temperatura e velocidade são decisivas para o posicionamento dos sprinklers, posições de alarmes de incêndio, posições de detetores e tempos de ativação e previsões de camadas com refluxos. São apresentados gráficos para representação destas quantidades durante o tempo do evento de incêndio e outros gráficos são apresentados para o valor máximo esperado durante o evento de incêndio. Alguns modelos correlativos concordam bem com os resultados obtidos com o CFAST. Os resultados do CFD sobre avaliam a dinâmica dos eventos de incêndio.
Chen, Ji-Lun, and 陳季論. "Measurements of Jet Flow Induced by Bubble Collapse Using PIV." Thesis, 2005. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/81360059790564808287.
Повний текст джерела國立臺灣海洋大學
系統工程暨造船學系
94
ABSTRACT The jet flow induced by soap bubble collapse is investigated in our study. Smoke of particle size about 2 is adopted as the seeding to fill the soap bubble. A spike drived by a synchronized signal of the PIV system is used to pierce the soap bubble. Different stages of the transient, soap bubble collapse flow are visualized and measured using the Particle Image Velocimetry method. It is found that, douring the bubble collapsed, a series of Kelvin-Helmholtz vortices are formed around the bubble sphere and a convergent jet is formed in the center of the bubble. Detail velocity distributions of the bubble collapse flow are obtained from the particle image analysis.
Huang, Shao-Ching, and 黃紹青. "A Study on an Annular Jet with Induced Flow along the Centerline." Thesis, 1993. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/90065117427781038859.
Повний текст джерела國立清華大學
動力機械學系
81
The main purpose of the present thesis is to investigate the flow structure of an annular jet and its induced flow along the center line in two concentric circular flow channels. In order to deal with the irregular-shaped solid boundaries, a curvilinear coordinate system associated with a Poisson type grid generation technique are employed to construct the grid system needed in the computation. All of the partial differential equation are of elliptic type and are discretized based on the weighting function scheme. The resulting matrix equations are solved by using the SIS (Strongly Implicit Solver) solver. The velocity and the pressure field are directly obtained by following the NAPPLE algorithm on a non- staggered grid system. The effects of Reynolds numbers and pipe lengths on the flow structure are emphasized. According to the numerical results, At higher Reynolds number or shorter pipe lengths, due to the significant pressure loss at the sudden expansion, the pressure level of the main recirculation region is lower than that of the outer environment. Hence the fluid is drawn into the central pipe by the annular jet. On the other hand, at lower Reynolds number or longer pipe lengths, the fluid in the central pipe tends to be blowed out by the relatively high pressure near the main recirculation region. The step formed by the wall thickness of the central pipe is found not to have any advantage to the suction effect.
HUANG, REN-ZHI, and 黃人智. "A study of a blast shock induced supersonic jet impinging on an airfoil." Thesis, 1991. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/85659668720485242089.
Повний текст джерелаLongo, Carmelina. "Numerical simulations of a dosing jet: impact of compressibility on an induced breakup." Tesi di dottorato, 2017. http://www.fedoa.unina.it/12203/1/longo_carmelina_30.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаKuo, Bor-Shyan, and 郭伯翔. "Experimental Investigation of the Heat Transfer Characteristics in a Underexpanded Jet Induced Resonance Tube." Thesis, 1998. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/39547148602431471119.
Повний текст джерела國立成功大學
航空太空工程學系
86
An underexpanded jet incident to a cavity tube can induce pressure oscillation inside the cavity tube and temperature increase due to heat flux accumulation at the bottom of the tube. The problem is experimentally investigated based on three parameters of nozzle pressure ratio, the cavity tube length and the distance between the nozzle exit and the cavity tube inlet. Two major flow modes which are named as regurgitant mode and screeching mode have been studied. Their flow patterns have been observed by a color schlieren method. For regurgitant mode, the measured major frequency of the pressure oscillation inside the cavity tube is very close to the theoretical fundamental frequency of the flow system. Its amplitude is larger than that for the screeching mode. It has been observed that, owing to the accumulation of the entropy at the cavity tube end during the pressure oscillation process in the regurgitant mode, there exists an endwall-temperaturerising, as well as a large heat-flux transfer occurring, when the jet cavity interacting flow field is in regurgitant. The results show that the oscillating pressure amplitude and frequency are important factorfor the temperature rising.