Статті в журналах з теми "Jean-Claude (1930-....)"

A sociologia da educação foi se constituindo no diálogo com outras sociologias e mesmo com outros campos do conhecimento. Diferentes perspectivas podem ajudar a situar este diálogo. Priorizamos aqui a relação, não raramente conflituosa, entre sociologia e história, inscrita no complexo quadro das lutas do campo científico e também do campo educacional. Para tanto, revisitamos alguns pensadores que têm indicado aproximações e distanciamentos entre essas duas tradições disciplinares, a saber: Pierre Bourdieu (1930-2002), Jean-Claude Passeron (1930-), Antoine Prost (1933-) e Norbert Elias (1897-1990). Partimos da premissa de que a sociologia de Pierre Bourdieu é, desde o princípio, edificada como uma sociologia histórica. Nossa segunda premissa pauta-se num diálogo entre Jean-Claude Passeron, sociólogo, e Antoine Prost, historiador, cujo foco está nas tensões entre duas perspectivas epistemológicas: o ‘raciocínio sociológico’ e o ‘raciocínio histórico’. Nossa última premissa foi elaborada a partir de reflexões de Norbert Elias relativas à oposição entre generalização sociológica e diferenciação histórica. Nosso interesse por esses autores se deve às suas contribuições à edificação do campo educacional brasileiro, o que vem se efetivando graças à intensificação da pesquisa histórica e/ou sociológica.

Prancūzų kraštovaizdžio architektas ir urbanistas Jean-Claude Nicolas Forestier, ir britų kraštovaizdžio architektas, miestų planuotojas Thomas H. Mawson paliko ryškų pėdsaką profesijos ugdymo ir įtvirtinimo baruose. Logiška teigti, kad šie kraštovaizdžio specialistai formavo Prancūzijos, Jungtinės Karalystės ir Europos kraštovaizdžio architektūros praktikos ir teorijos pagrindus, kuriuos prieš Antrąjį pasaulinį karą studijavo ir Lietuvos specialistai. Straipsnyje analizuojama šių kūrėjų pedagoginės, visuomeninės ir kūrybinės veiklos aspektai.

« Ce n’est pas de ma faute si les âmes, dont on arrache les voiles et qu’on montre à nu, exhalent une si forte odeur de pourriture »... Luis Buñuel et le scénariste Jean-Claude Carrière ont choisi de transposer l’action du roman éponyme d’Octave Mirbeau en 1930, au moment de l’éclosion des ligues fascistes! Mirbeau, lui, inscrit les épisodes de son roman à l’ère de l’Affaire Dreyfus. Dans cet article, nous essayerons de montrer l’importance de la ville de Paris chez Octave Mirbeau et à quel point Luis Buñuel dans son adaptation ci - né mato graphique est resté fidèle à la conception de Mirbeau. Pour ce faire, nous nous concentrerons sur quelques différences décelables entre le roman et le film pour montrer qu’il s’agit d’une « belle infidèle » et que Mirbeau, en regardant le film de Buñuel, n’eût certainement pas reconnu son enfant.

O artigo aborda a reflexão de Jean-Claude Bernardet sobre a história das relações entre a produção brasileira, o mercado e o Estado. O pensamento acerca do cinema brasileiro e sua inserção no mercado possui uma longa tradição que remonta aos anos 1920. A partir da década de 1950, esse foi um veio importante para o desenvolvimento das primeiras pesquisas sobre a história do cinema brasileiro. É nessa tradição que inicialmente se inscrevem as preocupações de Jean-Claude Bernardet. Porém, a partir da interrogação de determinados problemas, principalmente os laços entre os cineastas e o Estado, Bernardet recoloca uma série de questões de maneira a reinventar a tradição.

Book review of Vita Susak. Ukrainian Artists in Paris: 1900–1939. Translated by Serhiy Synhayivsky (main text and notes) and Anna Susak (“A Dictionary of Ukrainian Artists in Paris”), edited by Romana Labrosse, foreword by Jean-Claude Marcadé, Rodovid Press, 2010. 408 pp. Illustrations. Endnotes. Selected Bibliography. Appendix. Index. $75.00, cloth.

This article looks at representations of the banlieue in the cinema of the 1930s – a period before the term banlieue was synonymous with deprivation and violence as, especially since Matthieu Kassowitz’s 1995 film La Haine, it has subsequently tended to become. The work of Claude Autant-Lara and Maurice Lehmann ( Fric-Frac, Circonstances atténuantes) and that of Anatole Litvak ( Cœur de Lilas) receive close attention along with two more widely known films, Marcel Carné’s tragic Le Jour se lève, whose banlieue is topographically unsituated but could well be Parisian, and Jean Renoir’s Partie de campagne where the countryside near Paris provides the setting for two bucolic idylls that offer a different, less grim view of the banlieue than that nowadays current.

The philosopher of Mathematics Jean Cavaillès (1903–1944) plays an important role in Claude Imbert's thought. His published work had a significant impact after the war. It is largely a reflection on debates on the foundation of mathematics and on two opposed models of axiomatics, foundationalist and constructionist. The philosophy he announced (cut short by his death during World War II) was to be a study of the generativity of conceptual structures, as opposed to a phenomenology of knowledge. He derived from his reflection on invention in mathematics a great scepticism on the ideas of the separateness and unity of consciousness and a criticism of the teleologies inherent in philosophies of consciousness. In that, his work, according to Claude Imbert, made possible the reflections on structures and symbolisms which were to dominate the French context in the following decades.

El profesor lingüista Michel Arrivé falleció el 3 de abril de 2017. Se le recuerda por haber recorrido diversos campos de la lingüística y haber establecido relaciones interdisciplinares con el psicoanálisis, la teoría literaria, la semiótica y la filosofía. Fue un admirador de Alfred Jarry y un cultivador declarado de la patafísica.Michel Arrivé, profesor emérito de la Universidad Paris X-Nanterre, se formó como gramático en la Sorbona y fue coautor de la Grammaire du français contemporain (1964) que durante mucho tiempo fue documento de consulta obligada por parte de estudiantes de todos los niveles educativos. En 1971 publica junto a Jean-Claude Chevalier un compendio teórico gramatical, La Grammaire. Lectures (Paris, Klincksieck). Más adelante, en 1986 publicó en colaboración con Françoise Gadet y Michel Galmiche, La grammaire d’aujourd’hui. Guide alphabétique de linguistique Française (Paris, Flammarion).

A literatura tem sido desde a criação do cinematógrafo fonte inspiradora de filmes e guiões. Obras literárias pertencentes ao cânone literário foram e são, por conseguinte, objeto apetecível de inúmeras adaptações e não podia escapar a este fenómeno o romance seminal da literatura realista, Madame Bovary, de Gustave Flaubert. Contam-se cerca de vinte adaptações e versões do romance, nomeadamente por cineastas franceses como Jean Renoir (1933) ou Claude Chabrol (1991), ou americanos como Vicente Minelli (1949). Neste artigo debruçar-me-ei sobre duas variações interartísticas e inter-semióticas baseadas em adaptações indiretas do romance de Flaubert. Uma portuguesa, Vale Abraão (1993), de Manoel de Oliveira, a partir do romance homónimo de Agustina Bessa-Luís centrado na figura de uma Bovary duriense, e outra francesa, Gemma Bovery (2014), de Anne Fontaine, recriação da novela gráfica de Posy Simmonds onde um leitor do romance francês tenta ler o real através da ficção.

The New Negro, Indigenist, and Négritude movements of the 1920s and 1930s constitute the grounded base of contemporary Afro-American, Caribbean, and African literary scholarship. Critics return repeatedly to this textual field as if to embrace a heralded center, familiar and stable. Skepticism regarding presentations of the era as a coherent whole has inspired redefinitions of the period's demarcations, classic works as well as national and transnational intertextualities. Bearing in mind the discontinuities, one must acknowledge, however, that among other achievements, the new letters movements provided an epistemological break away from the predominance of Euro-American influences on black texts, the discursive agendas previously defining textual production particularly in nineteenth- and early-twentieth-century Caribbean writing. New letters works became communal property to be read and revised across national boundaries. Antilleans and some Hispanics, for instance, embraced texts by Langston Hughes and Claude McKay and were challenged by the Afro-American example to respond in stylistic kind. Unlike any other epoch of African-American expression, new letters shared a common ideology: writing regional, ethnic, and peasant experiences into existence. Their very articulation signified protest directed against cultural repression on the one hand and racial self-hatred on the other. The paradox of such a posture is suggested by Jean Price-Mars's use of the term collective bovaryism to describe in retrospect his generation's capitulation during the American Marine Occupation of Haiti (1915–1934). From the Haitian contradictions emerged defensive political, cultural, and textual agendas as of 1927, which paralleled the black revolts of Harlem and Paris but were determined by the particular circumstances provoking their enunciation.

Jean-Louis Briquet, La tradition en mouvement. Clientélisme et politique en Corse (Paris: Belin, 1997), 303 pp. ISBN 2–701–12079–9.Barbara Loyer, Géopolitique du Pays basque. Nations et nationalismes en Espagne (Paris: L'Harmattan, 1997), 416 pp. ISBN 2–738–45089–X.Carl Levy, ed., Italian Regionalism. History, Identity and Politics (Oxford/Washington, DC: Berg, 1996), 197 pp. ISBN 1–859–73156–2.Peter Mackridge and Eleni Yannakis, eds., Ourselves and Others. The Development of a Greek Macedonian Cultural Identity since 1912 (Oxford/New York: Berg, 1997), 259 pp. ISBN 1–859–73138–4.Claude Hauser, Aux origines intellectuelles de la Question jurassienne. Culture et politique entre la France et la Suisse romande (1910–1950) (Courrendelin: Editions communication jurassienne et européenne (CJE), 1997), 528 pp. ISBN 2–940–11204–5.Any examination of political movements that claim a basis in territorial and cultural identity tends to come up against a major obstacle, the problem of tracing the reasons for their emergence. There are two competing approaches: the ’culturalist‘, which considers cultural differences among communities as being themselves the chief cause of conflict; and the ’instrumentalist‘, which holds that those differences are exploited and manipulated by individuals or groups seeking to acquire or maintain a position of power.

O presente trabalho apresenta resultados de estudo da trilha musical composta por Antonio Carlos Jobim (1927-1994) para o filme Porto das Caixas, longa-metragem ficcional dirigido por Paulo César Saraceni (1933-2012) em 1962. Para tanto, foram consultadas quatro fontes principais: o manuscrito autógrafo de Tom Jobim para a trilha musical; obras posteriormente gravadas pelo compositor em seus trabalhos solo, as quais contém arranjos de materiais musicais presentes no filme; cópia digitalizada do filme; excertos de crítica cinematográfica publicados na imprensa brasileira à época, além de informações sobre o filme disponíveis no acervo Filmografia Brasileira, da Cinemateca Brasileira. A análise envolveu aspectos relativos à compreensão do filme como fenômeno audiovisual narrativo, a partir das reflexões de Jacques Aumont e Michel Marie (2003), Ismail Xavier (2005) e Jean-Claude Bernardet (2007). Já a música de Porto das Caixas foi analisada em seus aspectos morfológicos, a partir da transcrição aural e edição em partitura de todas as 26 faixas de áudio apresentadas durante a película. Tais fontes embasaram a construção de uma interpretação a respeito das características estilísticas e da função da trilha musical frente à estrutura narrativa do filme, tendo como base conceitos e metodologia de análise sobre música de filme formulados por Gorbman (1987), Cooke (2001) e Chion (2011). Neste sentido, o texto aqui apresentado sinaliza a possibilidade de compreensão do filme que considera seus elementos musicais como camada essencial na estruturação de uma narrativa fílmica caracterizada pela noção de anempatia.

Résumé Chesnais Jean-Claude et Liu Chang Hong. — Mariage et régulation démographique : le cas de la Chine. La Chine a, depuis le début des années 1970, connu la chute de fécondité la plus rapide jamais observée dans aucun pays du monde. C'est que la politique de limitation des naissances a utilisé un ensemble de moyens puissants et coordonnés, parmi lesquels l'incitation au mariage tardif a joué un grand rôle. Le propos de cet article est triple : retracer l'évolution des principales caractéristiques de la nuptialité (calendrier et intensité, stabilité des unions), en saisir certaines spécificités régionales, puis resituer le schéma de variation de la nuptialité chinoise dans le contexte international. Trois sources sont utilisées : le recensement et l'enquête post-censitaire de 1982, l'enquête de 1929-1931 sur les familles paysannes. On montre que l'élévation de l'âge au mariage est un phénomène ancien, antérieur aux années 1950. Au total, l'âge moyen au premier mariage des filles a augmenté de 5 ans en 50 ans. Cette variation n'a pas ébranlé l'institution matrimoniale car le mariage reste universel et le divorce très rare; les disparités régionales sont elles-mêmes assez faibles, seules les provinces à fortes minorités nationales s'écartent sensiblement de la norme. Le schéma de variation de la nuptialité chinoise est ensuite replacé dans une typologie dynamique plus générale (inspirée de la classification européenne de Hajnal) des influences régulatrices de la nuptialité dans la transition démographique. Le mariage tardif, caractéristique de l'Europe ancienne (à l'Ouest) est devenu le propre de certaines civilisations orientales.

In a synthesis article (see ref. below), the double star expert Paul COUTEAU put the work of French pioneers of double stars observation in the perspective of the double star work carried in the world. After Antoine Yvon VILLARCEAU and Camille FLAMMARION, one prominent pioneer of double stars was Robert JONCKHEERE (1888–1974), an amateur before circumstances prompted him to become a professional astronomer, who devoted his life to double stars. Kenneth Glyn Jones wrote a biography and Charles Fehrenbach his obituary. Jean-Claude Thorel studied his life and career in double star observations (see Section 10 below). In the 1930s, another precursor of the Commission des Étoiles Doubles, Maurice DURUY (1894–1984) invented the micrometer with a comparison star, and applied the diffraction micrometer invented by Ejnar Hertzsprung to the measure of double stars, which he regularly observed at Nancy with a 275-mm telescope, at Lyon with a 162-mm telescope and in his observatory of Beaume-Mêle with a 40-cm and later a 60-cm telescope at Le Rouret (Alpes–Maritimes). He measured standard pairs of the list of Paul Muller and published his measures in the Journal des Observateurs; these measures requested by Paul Muller aimed at comparisons of between observers. He also collaborated with the Webb Society of Great Britain; Glyn Jones published his astronomical biography. Already in 1924, the pediatrician Paul BAIZE (1901–1995) had started the measurement of double stars as an amateur. He was granted permission to measure them with the 38-cm of the Paris Observatory and made an impressive number of measures during his long “career" (24044). He also made orbit calculations and established a formula for the calculation of dynamic parallaxes in 1946. He wrote articles explaining new observation techniques devoted to double stars in the magazine L'Astronomie and continued his astronomical activity until the beginning of the 1990s. Glyn Jones published an astronomical biography of Paul Baize. In the 1960s, Bernard CLOUET and the late Robert SAGOT (1910–2006) made double star observations for the book which was then in preparation under the title La revue des constellations. Their measures remained unpublished; but publication of the measures made by Robert SAGOT is in preparation. At about the same time, the neurology professor Jacques LE BEAU (1908–1998) made the acquaintance of renowned professional astronomer Paul COUTEAU and learned from him how to measure double stars. Each year, he stayed for two weeks at Nice and conducted his observations with the 50-cm refractor of the Nice Observatory. In 1978, Paul COUTEAU published the first book in French devoted to double stars: L'observation des étoiles doubles visuelles. That book triggered the interest of more amateur astronomers for double stars and indirectly influenced the creation of a group of double star observers which was transformed into the Commission des Étoiles Doubles

There was a time when science still had to ‘hatch’. An era during which man often extrapolated existing knowledge to a level beyond reality. That period is not as far behind us as we would like to believe. Breeding of animals has always stimulated man’s fantasy. Out of this, a very interesting myth - or is it a mystery? - was born: the existence of a hybrid between horse and cow, ‘Le Jumart’. On top of the very well-known hybrids between horses and donkeys, the French ‘capitaine des haras’ Francois Alexandre de Garsault (1692-1778) describes the procedure of how to create a hybrid between a cow and a horse in his widespread and well known ‘Nouveau Parfait Maréchal’, first published in 1741. In depth research showed that he was far from being the only one who believed in the existence of such a crossover species. Other well-respected contemporary scientists even dedicate chapters in their textbooks on this animal, such as the French naturalist and medical doctor Jean-Pierre Buchoz (1731-1807) in his ‘Traité Economique et Physique de Gros Menu Bétail’ published in 1778. Even opinion leaders Charles Bonnet (1720-1793) and Lazzarro Spallanzani (1729-99) were convinced that these animals really roamed around in France during the 18th century. Finally, even the founder of the first ‘Ecole Vétérinaire’ in the world, Claude Bourgelat (1712-1779) testified in a letter to Bonnet to have admired the product of a stallion and a cow with his own eyes. Fortunately, the debate could count on important disbelievers as well, with Albrecht von Haller taking the lead by publishing a paper in the ‘Supplément à l’Encyclopédie ou Dictionnaire Raisonné des Sciences, des Arts et Métiers’ (1777), in which he calls the existence of the Jumart a ‘fable’. It would take another century for André Suchetet (1849-1910) to publish an ‘Extrait des Mémoires de la Société Zoologique de France’ with the title ‘La Fable des Jumarts’ (1889). Extremely interested in hybridization, this 19th century politician and member of several scientific societies, faces the challenge to finally steer the scientific community to a general conclusion on this enigma. This paper describes in a chronological order the rise and fall of one of the most intriguing ‘fabula’ in reproductive medicine and how it took emerging modern science about 200 years to decide on ‘myth’ or ‘mystery’.

e4008080Institutional Pedagogy is an educational proposal originated within the Freinet Movement in the late 1950s, which is anchored in psychoanalysis, taking the unconscious as a factor to be considered in important determinations of schooling processes, among which is the management of relational conflicts. Assuming the psychic conflict of desires and drives with cultural limits as motivation for learning, that pedagogy associates violence to the death drive, and understands the educational process as humanization within a culture that, at the same time, must regulate the deadly drives and value the vital ones, both inherent to the impulsive psychic life. It then is presented as a pedagogy of conflicts. Interpretating Freinet’s techinques and attentive to group processes, it develops some of its own devices (also called institutions), aiming at the development of verbal expression of thoughts and feelings, with the regulation of laws, places and limits that organize the pedagogical daily life and mediate horizontal and vertical relationships, in the classroom and at school taken as collectives, in the psychological and political sense of the term. Bruno Robbes, French pedagogue and professor at Cergy Paris University, is an expert in this current and, in this interview, deals with topics such as educational authority, the future of teaching as a profession, conflict management and the stress of education professionals related to that task, considering these themes from the interlocution between education and psychoanalysis, with an emphasis on the Lacanian perspective in which that Pedagogy is rooted.ResumoA Pedagogia Institucional é uma proposta educacional originada no seio do Movimento Freinet, no final dos anos 1950, que se ancora na psicanálise, tomando o inconsciente como fator a ser considerado nas determinações de importantes processos escolares, entre os quais está a gestão de conflitos relacionais. Presumindo que o conflito psíquico de desejos e pulsões com os limites culturais é motivador da aprendizagem, associa a violência à pulsão de morte e compreende o processo educacional como a humanização no seio de uma cultura que, ao mesmo tempo, deve regular o mortífero e valorizar o vital, ambos inerentes ao pulsional. Identifica-se, então, como uma pedagogia do conflito. Não só relendo técnicas do método Freinet, mas atenta a processos grupais, desenvolveu alguns de seus próprios dispositivos (também chamados instituições), voltados para o desenvolvimento da expressão verbal de pensamentos e sentimentos, com a regulação de leis, lugares e limites que organizam o cotidiano pedagógico e medeiam os vínculos horizontais e verticais, valorizando-se a turma e a escola como coletivos, no sentido psicológico e político do termo. Bruno Robbes, pedagogo e professor de Ciências da Educação na Universidade Cergy Paris, é especialista nessa corrente e, nesta entrevista, trata de temas como a autoridade educativa, o futuro do trabalho docente, o manejo de conflitos e o estresse de profissionais da educação a eles relacionado, discutindo estes temas a partir das interlocuções da educação com a psicanálise, com ênfase sobre a leitura que delas faz a teoria lacaniana, em cujos fundamentos essa Pedagogia está enraizada.ResumenLa Pedagogía Institucional es una propuesta educativa originada dentro del Movimiento Freinet a fines de la década de 1950, que está anclada en el psicoanálisis, considerando el inconsciente como determinante de importantes procesos escolares, entre los cuales el manejo de conflictos relacionales. Asumiendo que el conflicto psíquico de los deseos y los impulsos con límites culturales es motivador para el aprendizaje, asocia la violencia con la pulsión de muerte y entiende el proceso educativo como humanización dentro de una cultura que, al mismo tiempo, regular lo mortal y dar valor a lo vital, ambos inherentes al impulso. Así, se identifica como una pedagogía del conflicto. Interpretando las técnicas Freinet y atenta a los procesos grupales, desarrolló algunos de sus propios dispositivos (llamados instituciones), dirigidos al desarrollo de la expresión verbal de pensamientos y sentimientos, con la regulación de leyes, lugares y límites que organizan la vida pedagógica diaria y median las relaciones horizontales y verticales, valorando la clase y la escuela como colectivos, en el sentido psicológico y político del término. Bruno Robbes, pedagogo y profesor francés de la Universidad Cergy Paris, es un experto en esta tendencia y, en esta entrevista, aborda temas como la autoridad educativa, el futuro del trabajo docente, la gestión de conflictos y el respectivo estrés de los profesionales de la educación, discutiendo estos temas en función de las interlocuciones entre educación y psicoanálisis, con énfasis en la lectura que la teoría de Lacan, en cuyos fundamentos está arraigada esta pedagogía, hace de estas relaciones.Palavras-chave: Conflito e educação, Psicanálise, Pedagogia Institucional, Entrevista.Keywords: Conflict and education, Psychoanalysis, Institutional Pedagogy, Interview.Palabras claves: Conflicto y educación, Psicoanálisis, Pedagogía Institucional, Entrevista.ReferencesARDOINO, Jacques. Les avatars de l’éducation. Paris: PUF, 2000.ARDOINO, Jacques. Autorité. In: BARUS-MICHEL, Jacqueline; Enriquez, Eugène; Lévy, André. (Org.). Vocabulaire de psychosociologie: Positions et références. 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