Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Isole Canarie"

Dal 2005 ad oggi, le onde dell'oceano Atlantico che si infrangono sulle coste del Senegal, del Gambia e della Mauritania, sono state solcate da decine di migliaia migranti (per la maggior parte senegalesi) che a bordo di piroghe hanno fatto rotta verso l'arcipelago spagnolo delle isole Canarie, rischiando la loro vita per "gagner l'Europe". Molti di essi, senza regolari documenti di espatrio, dopo aver trascorso un periodo di fermo temporaneo, sono stati forzatamente rimpatriati. In Senegal il fenomeno delle migrazioni in piroga ha innescato un meccanismo di produzione sociale di immagini e discorsi sull'emigrazione e sulla figura del migrante in rapporto all'"Altrove" europeo. Questo articolo desidera esplorare, in una prospettiva etno-antropologica, queste rappresentazioni/auto-rappresentazioni attraverso un'analisi che fa dialogare i significati veicolati dai media senegalesi e le narrazioni di migranti e non-migranti. Questa "dialettica del quotidia-no" ci racconta delle ambivalenze e delle trasformazioni in corso nella societŕ senegalese; mostra il ruolo assunto dal fenomeno delle migrazioni in piroga nel segnare un'inversione nella rappresentazione celebrativa del migrante. Lo studio delle costruzione sociale del migrante emerge allora come un terreno fertile per far luce sull'Altra sponda delle migrazioni e per interrogare le retoriche ufficiali sulle "migrazioni clandestine" dall'Africa.

L'un des prestiges de l'écriture ferronienne réside dans la reconstitution de la présence, là où le mythe théocratique du Canadien français avait isolé l'individu de son entourage aussi bien physique que métaphysique. Loin de rejeter la tradition messianique des Canadiens français, Ferron entreprend de la transformer : à la démarche métaphorique de l'Église canadienne-française (imposer un Dieu absent), il substitue une démarche métonymique (réconcilier l'homme avec les éléments de son vécu). Toutefois, le Dieu de Ferron partageant le réel des humains, son apothéose risque de ne pas s'avérer dans les faits; le salut du pays reste incertain. La substitution ferronienne du paradigme (métaphore) par le syntagme (métonymie) revêt ainsi le caractère d'un pacte avec le Diable, qui n'oubliera pas sa créance... le pays perdu, le Prince de ce monde triomphera.

Dans le cadre de cet article, la sous-aire culturelle du Labrador méridional comprend les régions du Sud-Labrador, du détroit de Belle-Isle et de la Basse-Côte-Nord du golfe du Saint-Laurent. Après avoir documenté la présence historique d’Inuit et de Métis euro-inuit dans cette région au XIXe siècle, l’héritage culturel inuit maintenu et transmis à cette période est exposé en huit thèmes: le mode de vie généraliste; le double habitat et la transhumance; le groupe résidentiel; la maison de tourbe; l’économie du phoque; l’économie commerciale; les moyens de transport; les vêtement et accessoires en peau de phoque. Cet héritage culturel inuit combiné à l’héritage amérindien et à l’héritage euro-canadien a contribué à façonner la culture métisse unique qui est celle du Labrador méridional.

Recteur de l’Institut catholique de Paris et membre de l’Académie française, Mgr Alfred Baudrillart effectua une mission officielle au Canada français en 1927 à l’occasion du Deuxième Congrès international de la Société du parler français. Publiés entre 1994 et 2003, les Carnets posthumes du recteur fournissent une source intéressante aux chercheurs en histoire intellectuelle. Ils permettent ici de mettre en lumière quelques réseaux intellectuels transatlantiques se manifestant à l’occasion de cette mission. Le recteur est en effet accueilli chaleureusement par les milieux officiels du Québec autant que par les milieux intellectuels. Les réseaux qui ont préparé cette visite lient l’Institut catholique de Paris, dont le rayonnement est alors important au Québec, l’Institut scientifique franco-canadien, le Comité France-Amérique, l’Action française de Montréal (par l’entremise de Jean Bruchési), ainsi que l’Académie française et la Société du parler français. Enthousiasmé par le Canada français, à la fois catholique et moderne, Mgr Baudrillart dévoile dans ses Carnets l’ambition de voir naître une Amérique française indépendante à long terme, dans l’esprit de l’enquête Notre avenir politique de l’Action française. Il nous invite également à renouveler notre approche d’un Québec révolu, davantage variante de modernité conservatrice qu’îlot isolé des grands courants modernes.

The European sea-urchin, Echinus esculentus L., occurs from Finnmark in the north to the Canaries in the south. Around Britain, it is found from the Isle of Portland, English Channel, throughout most of the fully saline waters of the western and northern coasts, and in the North Sea as far south as Flamborough Head. Though it occurs between tide-marks in a few places, it is generally common from about 5 m depth below c.d. to about 100 m, though it is recorded from about 200 m depth (A. M. Clark, personal communication). It is a principal browser on the reefs on which it occurs, and feeds preferentially on kelp sporelings and other algae when it occurs in the photic zone, and on encrusting invertebrates and protochordates below the depth at which algae occur (De Ridder & Lawrence, 1982). E. esculentus is said to migrate inshore prior to spawning, and then retreat to deeper water in late spring (Elmhirst, 1922; Stott, 1931; personal observation), but a rigorous study of these apparent movements has yet to be undertaken. Echinoids fare better on a diet principally of algae than on one of animal material (Lawrence, 1975), so it might be assumed that the winter inshore migration could bring an urchin into a nutritionally richer area for the final developmental phase of gametogenesis.

En 1897, des chercheurs d’or de partout dans le monde se précipitent vers le Klondike, dans ce qui est alors le district du Yukon des Territoires du Nord-Ouest. Atteindre cette région isolée du nord du Canada est pourtant difficile. Il n’y a pas de routes ou de chemins de fer et le fleuve Yukon est gelé une grande partie de l’année. En conséquence, certains aéronautes aux États-Unis et en France suggèrent que des ballons soient utilisés pour transporter des approvisionnements et / ou des prospecteurs de l’Alaska aux champs aurifères. En outre, quelques inventeurs nord-américains, dont un du Canada, proposent que les projets de dirigeable qu’ils ont mis sur papier soient construits afin de mettre en place des routes aériennes vers le Klondike. Journaux et magazines publient de nombreux articles sur ces projets. Malheureusement, pas un seul ballon ou dirigeable ne vole vers le Klondike au moment de la ruée vers l’or. De fait, aucun des dirigeables mentionnés à l’époque ne semble être complété, à supposer que leur construction ait commencé. Une équipe française se rend en Amérique du Nord avec son ballon mais cette tentative ne mène nulle part.

Sustainability in tourism is now a fundamental requirement to allow the destinations concerned to compete in a sector that is becoming increasingly complex every day. Many references to this theme can be found in institutional documents at different territorial levels: a constant and joint commitment to sustainable, environmental, and socio-economic development is called for, capable of converting territories into “intelligent” spaces in the long term. The approach to sustainable territorial governance requires that the real component (public and private bodies, citizens, tourists, etc.) and the virtual component (ICT - Information and Communication Technologies) are cohesive to create a smart system. The work aims to highlight how the evolution and introduction of new technologies services for tourists (and not only) has allowed the island of El Hierro, in the Canary Islands, to change its image of "isolated" territory in a sustainable connected and accessible tourist destination.

Dead ringers, ou dans son titre français Faux semblants, est le treizième long-métrage de David Cronenberg, cinéaste canadien qui a jusque-là essentiellement œuvré dans les genres de l’horreur et du fantastique. S’il fallait isoler un thème récurrent dans son œuvre, ce serait sans doute la question du corps, et plus précisément de ses transformations, de ses métamorphoses. Dans ce long-métrage, Cronenberg, en mettant en scène la vie de deux frères jumeaux gynécologues, poursuit son interrogation sur le corps à travers la question de la gémellité : jusqu’à quel point un même esprit peut-il habiter deux corps ? C’est donc la question du double qui est traitée par ce film : le double compris comme un autre soi, ou autrement dit comme une parfaite duplication de soi. D’ailleurs l’expression dead ringer1 qui donne son titre au film signifie « An exact duplicate », c'est-à-dire « un double parfait », ou « une exacte duplication ». Le film nous pose la question de savoir jusqu’à quel point on peut vraiment adhérer à cette idée : jusqu’à quel point l’autre peut-il n’être que le même dupliqué ? jusqu’à quel point l’autre peut-il n’être que l’identique redoublé ?

Abstract A description is provided for Phallus impudicus. Some information on its morphological characteristics, associated organisms and substrata, dispersal and transmission, economic impacts, habitats and conservation status is given, along with details of its geographical distribution (Africa (Algeria, Liberia, Morocco, South Africa, Tanzania, Zimbabwe), Asi (Armenia, China, Anhui, Guangdong, Hainan, Hebei, Shanxi, Georgia, India, Assam, Jammu and Kashmir, Maharashtra, Uttar Pradesh, Iran, Israel, Japan, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Malaysia, Myanmar, Nepal, Papua New Guinea, Russia, South Korea, Syria, Taiwan, Turkey, Vietnam), Atlantic Ocean (Spain, Islas Canarias), Australasia (Australia, Northern Territory, Queensland, New Zealand), Caribbean (Cuba, Jamaica, Puerto Rico), Central America (Costa Rica, Panama), Europe (Åland Islands, Andorra, Austria, Belarus, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Isle of Man, Italy, Jersey, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russia, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Ukraine, UK), North America (Canada, Alberta, British Columbia, New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, Ontario, Prince Edward Island, Quebec, Saskatchewan, Mexico, USA, Alabama, Arizona, Arkansas, California, Colorado, Connecticut, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Idaho, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Kentucky, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, Nebraska, Nevada, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York, North Carolina, North Dakota, Ohio, Oregon, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, Vermont, Virginia, Washington, Wisconsin), Pacific Ocean (Samoa), South America (Brazil, Amazonas, Paraíba, Rio Grande do Norte, Rio Grande do Sul, São Paulo, Chile, Colombia, Guyana, Uruguay)).

Attraverso la metodologia Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) è stata studiata la situazione turistica dell’arcipelago delle Canarie nell’arco di tempo dal 2009 al 2014, considerando le singole isole e i principali comuni. Lo studio si è focalizzato sulle relazioni tra la superficie dell’area considerata, la domanda e l’offerta turistica (numero di strutture ricettive, posti letto, ristoranti e bar, turisti alloggiati in stabilimenti alberghieri ed extralberghieri) e gli indici di benchmarking: RevPAR e ADR. Nel corso del lavoro sono emersi interessanti risultati sul livello di efficienza delle destinazioni, i quali hanno permesso lo sviluppo di importanti considerazioni circa gli interventi necessari per raggiungere la piena efficienza, come ad esempio l’esigenza di ridurre il numero di strutture ricettive di alcune località. Le diverse realtà presenti nelle varie isole hanno fatto sì che talune destinazioni fossero un benchmark per le restanti.

Il presente lavoro di Tesi tratta l’ installazione di un generatore di energia elettrica associato a una fonte di energia rinnovabile: l’energia da moto ondoso. Tra le diverse tecnologie di WEC (Wave Energy Converter), presenti nel panorama ingegneristico, si considera in particolare la tecnologia Wave Dragon e si sviluppa l’analisi per definire le caratteristiche per una installazione a nord dell’isola di Tenerife (Isole Canarie, Spagna). Il metodo seguito in questo lavoro è quello di effettuare una riduzione in scala di un modello idraulico secondo la similitudine di Froude per poi ottenere i dati relativi al dispositivo da installare. La procedura consiste, quindi, nello scalare opportunamente il prototipo di riferimento di Alghero (Sardegna,Italia), di cui si conosce la matrice di potenza del dispositivo, in base al clima tipico di Tenerife. Calcolato il fattore di scala, si ottiene, quindi, la potenza prodotta annualmente dal dispositivo da installare e il suo dimensionamento . Considerano le onde provenienti dai settori delle direzioni di 330°-360° e 0°-30° per il punto prescelto per l’installazione risulta una produzione annua di potenza di 948 kW. La potenza associata al clima è di 16,15 kW/m e il dispositivo da installare ha una lunghezza di 223 metri, un peso di 13695 tonnellate, ed un volume del serbatoio di 3103 metri cubi.

In this work, palaeomagnetism has been applied to get fundamental information useful to evaluate volcanic hazard in two different volcanic contexts: 1) to date the Holocene volcanic eruptions at Tenerife and El Hierro Islands (Canary Islands); 2) to estimate the emplacement temperature and investigate the origin of the pyroclastic density flows that occurred on June 2018 at Volcán El Fuego (Guatemala). Recent years, palaeomagnetism has been increasingly used in volcanology because it can provide high-quality data to reconstruct the chronology of the recent volcanism, and to estimate the emplacement temperatures of pyroclastic flows, and therefore to better understand their nature and origin. Although the Holocene volcanism has been very intense in Tenerife and El Hierro islands, most of the eruptions have not been thoroughly studied or dated so far. Therefore, eighteen (nine for each island) poorly dated or undated volcanic eruptions have been studied: Boca Cangrejo, Montaña (Mña) Reventada, Mña Cascajo, Mña Bilma, Mña Botija, Abejera Alta, Pico Cabras and Roques Blancos eruptions in Tenerife island, and Lajal, Mña Chamuscada, Mña del Tesoro, Orchilla, Las Calcosas, Mña Negra, Cuchillo del Roque, Lomo Negro and Below Lomo Negro eruptions in El Hierro island. Palaeomagnetic dating of lava flows in Tenerife allowed reconstructing a detailed chronology of the Holocene volcanic eruptions, showing better accuracy than other isotopic methods. A good agreement between previous and new ages was found specifically for two already dated eruptions (Boca Cangrejo and Mña Reventada), with narrower palaeomagnetic age ranges than the ones obtained by the 14C technique. In another two cases (Abejera Alta and Roques Blancos eruptions) the palaeomagnetic ages are slightly different from the previous 14C, instead. For the undated eruptions, much narrower age ranges were found if compared with the only stratigraphic evidence. Finally, for the Mña Grande eruption, a very high accuracy palaeomagnetic age (789-723 BC) has been obtained, adding it for the first time in the list of the Holocene eruptions. This updated chronological framework confirms the occurrence of alternating period with different eruptive frequencies, which the last 3 ka are characterized by mainly basaltic eruptions along the NE and NW rift zones. On El Hierro island, palaeomagnetic dating, coupled with radiocarbon age determinations, showed different results: for the already dated eruption of Lomo Negro, the comparison between the new 14C and palaeomagnetic ages with the previous 14C dating showed a good agreement, whereas for Mña Chamuscada and Mña del Tesoro, the new ages agree with each other but they disagree with the previous 14C and K/Ar ages from literature. For the undated eruptions (Orchilla, Las Calcosas, Lajal, Below Lomo Negro, Cuchillo del Roque and Mña Negra eruptions), due to the lack of previous age constraints, it was possible to define many palaeomagnetic ages; however, older ages (older than 5000 BC) can be discarded based on geomorphological features and the fresh volcanic landforms. As a whole, palaeomagnetic dating carried out on El Hierro Island indicates the occurrence of several Holocene eruptions in different sectors of the three rifts, most of which occurred probably between 2000 BC and 1600 AD. Palaeomagnetism has been used also to estimate the emplacement temperature of pyroclastic deposits, helping to investigate the fundamental processes responsible for the generation of some type of pyroclastic density currents (PDCs). In this work, it has been applied to provide the emplacement temperature and to unravel the origin of the explosive eruption of 3rd June 2018, at El Fuego volcano. The eruption produced convective clouds of volcanic ash and PDCs, which funnelled in the Las Lajas gorge, reached unexpected distances and caused the death of nearly two hundred people. The palaeomagnetic analyses of hand-samples and cores showed a homogeneous emplacement temperature of 220–280 °C; however, a small number of clasts recorded a very high temperature (>500 °C), whereas several clasts indicate T between 200 and 500 °C. Some cores recorded different temperatures between the outer and inner part of the same specimen; in some cases, lower temperatures were documented in the inner core section, and vice versa in other clasts. The study revealed that clasts embedded in the deposit have different thermal history and origin: those with intermediate temperatures (200-500 °C) have been interpreted as related to the still hot pyroclasts accumulated in the upper part of Las Lajas gorge, while few samples with a higher temperature (>500 °C) have been considered as “juvenile” and linked directly to the eruption of 3rd June 2018. These data, coupled by other independent evidences (the temporal gap between the most energetic phase of the eruption and the beginning of the pyroclastic flows; the appearance of a large scar at the head of Las Lajas gorge after the eruption; unburnt vegetation) and field observations of the deposits, allow interpreting the deposit as a “block-and-ash flow”, produced by the gravitational collapse of nstable hot and cool volcanic materials (pyroclasts and lava flows) that were stacked on the upper segment of the Las Lajas gorge during the activity in the past years. The results achieved in this work proved that the application of palaeomagnetism in volcanology can provide crucial information for a correct evaluation of the volcanic risk. Its application as a dating tool allowed obtaining narrower age ranges than other isotopic methods, essential for a detailed reconstruction of the recent volcanic activity of a volcano. It also showed that the use of multiple dating techniques is highly desirable. Its application to the pyroclastic flows provided not only the estimate of the emplacement temperature of the deposits but also essential data to unravel their origin. Therefore, this work shows that a more frequent use of paleomagnetism ddressed to solve volcanological problems is desirable.

<p>The subject of bridges and bridge design is amply covered in literature and research. It is less so as far as tunnels are concerned, and what is there is almost exclusively engineering biased, while a stigma of perception is attached to the idea of tunnels, especially non-vehicular ones. This paper sets out to offer a glimpse into situations where a decision had to be made as to whether a bridge or a tunnel was the most appropriate solution to a crossing. Cases presented relate to situations where the decision went in favour of a tunnel. These include the proposed Waitemata Harbour crossing, the Channel Tunnel, Fehmarn Belt Fixed Link, the proposed tunnel linking the Isle of Wight with the UK mainland. It also offers a provocative comparison between la Habana and Sydney, with a tunnel in La Habana port and a bridge in Sydney. The author’s proposed garden tunnel between Canary Wharf and Rotherhithe in London served as the catalyst for this paper.</p>