Дисертації з теми "Ironie verbale"
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Obert, Alexandre. "Traitement cognitif des métaphores et de l’ironie verbale : étude comportementale et substrats neuronaux." Thesis, Reims, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016REIML008.
Повний текст джерелаOur main aim was to assess the cognitive and neural basis of the figurative language processing using neuroimaging tools (EEG and fMRI). We were especially interested in semantic and pragmatic inferential processes. In order to better grasp these processes, we have studies the comprehension of novel verbal metaphor (“to catapult his/her words”) and verbal irony (“Everybody thinks he is foul. He is a very popular man.”). This choice was based upon the hypothesis that each of these figurative expressions specifically engages one of the two inferential processes: semantic for metaphors and pragmatic for irony. Following this hypothesis, our results point out that the comprehension of novel metaphoric expression is built on the research and the integration of a semantic congruent information, supporting a sequential processing hypothesis. The assessment of the cerebral basis of the processing of such expressions embedded in a context has revealed regions in posterior areas, suggesting a conceptual manipulation process. Concerning the irony processing, we observed a greater late integration processing for ironic sentences than literal ones, suggestion a more effortful pragmatic processing. Finally, we observed a fronto-temporal network specific to irony processing. Some part of this network could be involved in both the contrast between the utterance and the context and the humor processing of the sentences. Our results are confronted with psycholinguistic and cognitive theories about figurative language processing
Julin, Hanna. "„Alle Wege führen hier immerhin zur Ironie.“ : Verbale Ironie als Gestaltungsmittel desDandytums in Christian Krachts ‚Faserland‘ undPer Hagmans ‚Att komma hem ska vara enschlager‘. Ein Vergleich." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för språk (SPR), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-99508.
Повний текст джерелаRegel, Stefanie. "The comprehension of figurative language : electrophysiological evidence on the processing of irony." Phd thesis, Universität Potsdam, 2008. http://opus.kobv.de/ubp/volltexte/2009/3337/.
Повний текст джерелаThis dissertation investigates the comprehension of figurative language, in particular the temporal processing of verbal irony. In six experiments using event-related potentials(ERP) brain activity during the comprehension of ironic utterances in relation to equivalent non-ironic utterances was measured and analyzed. Moreover, the impact of various language-accompanying cues, e.g., prosody or the use of punctuation marks, as well as non-verbal cues such as pragmatic knowledge has been examined with respect to the processing of irony. On the basis of these findings different models on figurative language comprehension, i.e., the 'standard pragmatic model', the 'graded salience hypothesis', and the 'direct access view', are discussed.
Pereira, Braz Ana Cristina. "L'ironie dans le discours parlementaire portugais : degrès d'implicitation, indices linguistiques et stratégies discursives." Thesis, Paris 8, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA080078.
Повний текст джерелаThe subject of this study is a semantic, pragmatic and discursive analysis of irony in Portuguese parliamentary debate. We study in particular the implicitation degrees of ironic criticism, the signals, the functions and the discursive strategies of irony. Our interdisciplinary theoretical approach covers the multiple forms that irony takes in our corpus, and includes operating concepts deriving from : the speech act theory (Austin 1962 and Searle 1969 and 1979) ; Grice´s conversational maxims (1975) ; the antiphrastic irony´s point of view (Kerbrat-Orecchioni 1980) ; the linguistic theory of polyphony (Ducrot 1984) ; the verbal politeness theory (Brown & Levinson 1987 and Kerbrat-Orecchioni 2005 and 2010) and studies on argumentation (Amossy 2000). The first part of this work focuses on the characteristics of the Portuguese parliamentary discourse and on the critical analysis of different studies on irony. In the second part, we study the different forms of irony in our corpus and identify the most common signals of irony. In the third part, we focus on the main discursive functions and strategies that underlie the use of irony in the discursive genre being analysed. This approach has allowed us to conceive irony as an axiological linguistic-discursive mechanism that aims to depreciate someone, while supporting argumentation and persuasion
O objeto de estudo deste trabalho é a análise semântico-pragmático-discursiva da ironia no debate parlamentar português. São estudados em particular os graus de implicitação da crítica irónica, os índices, as funções e as estratégias discursivas da ironia. A abordagem teórica interdisciplinar permite contemplar a multiplicidade de formas de expressão da ironia no nosso corpus e inclui conceitos operatórios oriundos nomeadamente: da teoria dos atos de fala (Austin 1962 e Searle 1969 e 1979); das máximas conversacionais de Grice (1975); da perspetiva antifrástica da ironia (Kerbrat-Orecchioni 1980); das teorias da polifonia linguística (Ducrot 1984) e da cortesia verbal (Brown & Levinson 1987 e Kerbrat-Orecchioni 2005 e 2010), assim como dos estudos sobre a argumentação (Amossy 2000). A primeira parte do trabalho é dedicada à caracterização do discurso parlamentar português e à análise crítica de determinados estudos sobre a ironia. Na segunda parte, estudamos as várias formas de manifestação da ironia no corpus em análise, estabelecendo três grandes classes de ironia a partir dos diferentes graus de implicitação da apreciação irónica; identificamos igualmente os índices de ironia mais frequentes. Na terceira parte, debruçamo-nos sobre as principais funções e estratégias discursivas da ironia que subjazem à utilização da ironia no género discursivo em questão. Este procedimento permitiu-nos considerar a ironia como um mecanismo linguístico-discursivo de natureza axiológica, que visa a desqualificação de outrem, estando ao serviço da argumentação e da persuasão
Davis, Wlodarczyk Laura. "Étude dialogique et comparative de l'ironie et du détournement dans les JT satiriques français et américains en contexte d'élections présidentielles." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Montpellier 3, 2022. https://ged.scdi-montpellier.fr/florabium/jsp/nnt.jsp?nnt=2022MON30029.
Повний текст джерелаThe satirical news program is a genre that recycles discourse circulating within traditional media in order to create the satirical mise-en-scène of a news broadcast. This dissertation investigates the construction of meaning of certain discursive devices within this genre, as expressed in French and American shows. We attempt to specifically pinpoint the sociocultural tendencies and principles that shed light on the way they function. Our corpus is composed of two TV programs from each culture: The Daily Show and Last Week Tonight in the American sub-corpus; C'est Canteloup and Les Guignols in the French sub-corpus. We set thematic and temporal specifications for the collection of our corpus. As the chosen theme is the presidential elections, every episode in the 50-day period before the respective presidential election of each country was recorded: September 19-November 11, 2016, for the American corpus and March 18-May 17, 2017, for the French corpus. Our methodology is based on the notion of dialogism (Bakhtine, 1970 [1929], 1984, 1987 [1975]) that establishes the social nature of language in discourse by which human beings construct their own speech in view of the speech and the thoughts of others. In this dissertation, we carry out a dialogic analysis of the process of meaning production by studying the linguistic and contextual elements that the speaker-enunciator puts into play when using discursive devices. We take into account specifically the observable verbal and paraverbal traces of the voice of the other. Our study is both qualitative and quantitative in nature. We propose a study of two specific devices: verbal irony and discursive detournement. On one hand, we describe in this study the concrete occurrences of the two devices as they are expressed in satirical news programs. On the other hand, we show the usages of these devices in each culture while clarifying the impact of sociocultural parameters on the production of satiric and parodic discourse. Based on the contrastive study of two corpora originating from two linguistically and culturally distinct communities, we have discerned certain resemblances and differences according to the device in use. We observed that the discursive device's function influences which sociocultural images and knowledge are mobilized, perceptible by the discursive sources that are incorporated. Detournement serves globally to (i) create a humoristic complicity between the producers and the recipients and (ii) form playful associations between two referents, in order to make fun of one of them. To do this, both corpora turn to similar types of cultural references, mainly from pop culture. In the case of verbal irony that primarily has a critical function, we observed the incorporation of different enunciative sources, depending on the culture, which seems to reflect certain sociocultural values of the respective community
González, Fuente Santiago. "Audiovisual prosody and verbal irony." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/670309.
Повний текст джерелаEsta tesis aborda el estudio de las marcas audiovisuales de la ironía verbal desde una perspectiva integral. Los estudios pragmáticos se han centrado principalmente en investigar el papel del contexto discursivo en la detección de la ironía, pero poco se sabe sobre el rol que desempeñan las marcas prosódicas y gestuales en este proceso. La presente tesis incluye cuatro estudios experimentales —cada uno de ellos incluido en un capítulo separado— que abordan diferentes preguntas de investigación utilizando varios diseños experimentales. El primero es un estudio de caso sobre un cómico profesional y muestra, en primer lugar, que los enunciados irónicos presentan una mayor densidad de marcadores prosódicos y gestuales que los enunciados no irónicos y, segundo, que los marcadores gestuales pueden aparecer alineados temporalmente con la prominencia prosódica, pero también de forma independiente, como codas gestuales. El segundo estudio incluye dos experimentos. Uno de producción —diseñado para obtener discurso irónico espontáneo—, cuyos resultados confirman que también en habla espontánea los hablantes no profesionales emplean una mayor densidad de marcadores prosódicos y gestuales cuando son irónicos en comparación con cuando no lo son; y, en segundo lugar, un experimento de percepción que investiga la contribución de las codas gestuales a la detección de la ironía verbal y cuyos resultados muestran claramente cómo la intención irónica se detecta significativamente mejor cuando los hablantes tienen acceso a codas gestuales que cuando no la tienen. El tercer estudio de esta tesis contiene tres experimentos de percepción que examinan cómo el contexto, las marcas prosódicas y las marcas gestuales contribuyen a la comprensión de la ironía verbal. En general, los resultados de los tres experimentos subrayan la importancia que los “efectos de contraste” tienen en el proceso de detección de la ironía. El primero muestra que los oyentes detectan la ironía con más precisión cuando tienen acceso a las marcas prosódicas y gestuales de manera conjunta que cuando solo tienen acceso a la información prosódica; el segundo, que la información visual resulta más convincente que la información prosódica a la hora de detectar la ironía; y, por último, el tercer experimento muestra que los oyentes emplean preferentemente las marcas gestuales por encima de las prosódicas e incluso de las contextuales a la hora de detectar la ironía. Finalmente, el cuarto estudio investiga cómo los niños desarrollan la capacidad de detectar la ironía verbal a través de las marcas prosódicas y gestuales, y los resultados muestran que las marcas multimodales facilitan la detección de la ironía en niños desde los 5 años de edad. En conjunto, esta tesis muestra que tanto los marcadores prosódicos como los gestuales contribuyen de manera significativa a la comprensión de la ironía verbal, guiando al oyente en la interpretación del enunciado mediante el suministro de pistas sobre las suposiciones, las emociones y las actitudes del ironizador. Siguiendo la línea de algunos estudios recientes sobre los efectos pragmáticos de la prosodia y el gesto, los resultados de los experimentos de esta tesis muestran que los marcadores audiovisuales de la ironía son potentes desencadenadores del proceso inferencial necesario para decodificar las intenciones del hablante en las interacciones comunicativas. Además, esta tesis presenta evidencia empírica de la gran incidencia que tienen las marcas multimodales —y especialmente de las gestuales— en la detección de la ironía verbal en comparación con las marcas contextuales, tanto en la población adulta como en la infantil. Este hallazgo fundamental nos lleva a afirmar que el estudio de las señales prosódicas y gestuales de la ironía debería considerarse una parte integral fundamental de cualquier explicación pragmática o psicolingüística sobre la producción y comprensión de la ironía verbal.
Aquesta tesi adopta una perspectiva integral a l'estudi de les marques audiovisuals en la ironia verbal. Els estudis pragmàtics s'han centrat principalment a investigar el paper del context discursiu en la detecció de la ironia, però se sap poc sobre el rol que juguen les marques prosòdiques i gestuals en aquest procés. La tesi inclou quatre estudis experimentals —cadascun d’ells descrit en un capítol separat— que aborden diferents preguntes de recerca i fan servir diversos dissenys experimentals. El primer és un estudi de cas sobre que analitza el discurs d’un còmic professional i mostra, en primer lloc, que els enunciats irònics presenten una major densitat de marcadors prosòdics i gestuals que els enunciats no irònics; i, en segon lloc, que els marcadors gestuals poden aparèixer temporalment alineats amb la prominència prosòdica, però també de forma independent, en el que anomenem “codes gestuals”. El segon estudi inclou dos experiments. Un de producció, dissenyat per obtenir discurs irònic espontani i els resultats del qual confirmen que en parla espontània els parlants no professionals també empren una major densitat de marcadors prosòdics i gestuals quan són irònics en comparació a quan no ho són; i, en segon lloc, un experiment de percepció sobre la contribució de les codes gestuals a la detecció de la ironia verbal, els resultats del qual demostren que la ironia es detecta millor quan els parlants tenen accés a codes gestuals que quan no en tenen. El tercer estudi presenta tres experiments de percepció que examinen com el context, les marques prosòdiques i les marques gestuals contribueixen a la comprensió de la ironia verbal. En general, els resultats dels tres experiments subratllen la importància dels efectes de contrast en el procés de detecció de la ironia. El primer experiment mostra que els oients detecten la ironia amb més precisió quan tenen accés a les marques prosòdiques i gestuals alhora, comparat amb quan només tenen accés a la informació prosòdica; el segon, que la informació visual és més poderosa que la informació prosòdica a l’hora de detectar la ironia, i, finalment, el tercer experiment mostra que els oients empren preferentment les marques gestuals per sobre de les prosòdiques o les contextuals a l’hora de detectar la ironia. Finalment, el quart estudi investiga com els infants aprenen a comprendre la ironia verbal a través de les marques prosòdiques i gestuals, i els resultats mostren que les marques multimodals faciliten la detecció de la ironia des dels 5 anys d'edat. En conjunt, aquesta tesi mostra que tant els marcadors prosòdics com els gestuals contribueixen a la comprensió de la ironia verbal, tot guiant l'oient en la interpretació de l’enunciat mitjançant el subministrament de pistes sobre els supòsits, les emocions i les actituds del parlant irònic. Seguint la línia d’estudis recents sobre els efectes pragmàtics de la prosòdia i el gest, els resultats dels experiments d’aquesta tesi mostren que els marcadors audiovisuals de la ironia són potents factors que desencadenen el procés inferencial necessari per a descodificar les intencions del parlant en les interaccions comunicatives. A més, aquesta tesi presenta evidència empírica de la gran incidència que tenen les marques multimodals —i especialment de les gestuals— en la detecció de la ironia verbal, en comparació amb les marques contextuals, tant en població adulta com en població infantil. Aquesta troballa fonamental reforça la idea que l'estudi dels aspectes prosòdics i gestuals hauria de ser una part integral fonamental de qualsevol explicació pragmàtica o psicolingüística sobre la producció i comprensió de la ironia verbal.
Chen, Rong. "Verbal irony as conversational implicature." Virtual Press, 1990. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/720333.
Повний текст джерелаDepartment of English
Casas, Navarro Justo Raymundo. "Presuposición pragmática e ironía verbal: la cognición irónica." Master's thesis, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, 2017. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12672/6449.
Повний текст джерелаTesis
MESSA, L. C. S. "Ironia Verbal: do Conceito Skinneriano à Análise do Discurso Jurídico Irônico." Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2011. http://repositorio.ufes.br/handle/10/3035.
Повний текст джерелаNeste trabalho são apresentados dois estudos sobre ironia verbal na Análise do Comportamento. Essa dissertação traz as contribuições de outras áreas (Linguística, Psicologia Cognitiva) para a Análise do Comportamento, de maneira que se possa construir, em alicerces comportamentais, um arcabouço sustentável para o estudo das funções da produção e da compreensão da ironia verbal; e, ao mesmo tempo, para que se possam testar empiricamente algumas das interpretações behavioristas sobre a ironia verbal. O Estudo I é conceitual e seu objetivo é apresentar o conceito de ironia em duas grandes áreas do conhecimento: a Linguística, através da autora Paiva (1961), Contribuição Para Uma Estilística Da Ironia; e a Análise do Comportamento, através doutor Skinner (1957), Verbal Behavior. A partir dessas duas obras clássicas, foi analisado e discutido, através do método da ECD (Análise Comportamental do Discurso), o conceito de ironia verbal e as possibilidades de uma análise funcional do comportamento verbal que envolve o fenômeno. Esse método é a auto-descrição dos efeitos do texto-discurso sob o pesquisador. Os resultados mostraram que a ironia em Skinner pode ser conceituada como comportamento verbal sob controle múltiplo audiência múltipla, estímulos múltiplos (especialmente não verbais) e operações motivacionais a partir desses estímulos e audiências múltiplas com a função de deixar que o ouvinte produza uma resposta (em geral contrária ao que foi dito). As diferentes consequências sobre as audiências classificam funcionalmente subtipos de ironia: sarcasmo, sátira, alegoria, cinismo, etc. Esses elementos do conceito de ironia do autor são compartilhados pelas definições de ironia de Paiva. Skinner descreve a função da ironia a partir do contexto do controle múltiplo do comportamento verbal (irônico), que inclui mais de uma audiência como parte desse contexto; Paiva demonstra uma relevante contribuição na diferenciação dos cinco tipos (pura, satírica, disfemística, restritiva e contornante) e climas (ingênuo, retórico, sagrado, científico e familiar) da ironia. A junção das abordagens de Skinner e de Paiva aponta que o estudo da ironia no discurso deve analisar a produção e a compreensão do comportamento verbal irônico levando em consideração o contexto (controle de estímulo) e a audiência múltipla que definem tipos e climas de ironias. Concluiu-se que a análise funcional do comportamento verbal irônico ajudou a ir além de simplesmente dizer como a ironia é utilizada, apontando onde, como e porque (para que) esse comportamento é emitido. No Estudo II é apresentada uma análise empírica da produção e compreensão da ironia verbal em ambienta jurídico. Foi gravado e filmado um Júri Popular e analisadas as falas do Promotor e do Advogado. Dessas falas gravadas foram selecionadas quatro frases irônicas de cada participante, escolhidas pela pesquisadora e julgadas por outras três pessoas (um estagiário, o orientador dessa dissertação e o oponente do participante). As frases foram separadas e analisadas com base no método da ACD. Os resultados demonstraram uma clara compreensão da ironia por parte dos participantes pela definição mais dicionarizada. Além disso, a alta emissão de autoclíticos manipulativos fez com que a ironia fosse mais emitida com o objetivo de persuadir os ouvintes do que com função humorística, por exemplo. Concluiu-se que a emissão da ironia pode ser compreendida com algo inapropriado em ambiente jurídico. Além disso, quando investigada pela Análise do Comportamento (juntamente com a junção das definições na Linguística), é emitida sob controle múltiplo, destacando-se as funções de humor e de desqualificação da fala do oponente (como sarcasmo ou deboche). Palavras-chave: Tribunal do Júri, Linguística.
Messa, Luciana Chequer Saraiva. "Ironia verbal: do conceito Skinneriano á análise do discurso jurídico irônico." Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2011. http://repositorio.ufes.br/handle/10/6653.
Повний текст джерелаThis paper presents two studies of verbal irony in Behavior Analysis. This work shows the contributions of other areas (Linguistics, Cognitive Psychology) for Behavior Analysis, so that it can construct in behavioral foundations, a sustainable framework for studying the functions of production and comprehension of verbal irony, and, at the same time, so they can test empirically some of the verbal irony interpretations. The first study is conceptual and is intended to introduce the concept of irony in two areas of knowledge :Linguistics, through the author Paiva (1961), A Contribution to The Stylistics Irony, and Behavior Analysis, through the author Skinner (1957), Verbal Behavior. From these two classics, was analyzed and discussed through the method of BAS (Behavioral Analysis of Speech), the concept of verbal irony and the possibilities for a functional analysis of verbal behavior that involves the phenomenon. This method is self-description of the effects of text-speech under the researcher. The results showed that the irony in Skinner can be conceptualized as verbal behavior under multiple control - multiple audience, multiple stimuli (especially non-verbal) and motivational operations from these stimulus and multiple audiences - with the function of allowing the listener to produce a response (in general, contrary to what was said). The different consequences on audiences, functionally classify subtypes of irony (sarcasm, satire, allegory, cynicism, etc).The authors Skinner and Paiva share the same elements of irony concept. Skinner describes the function of irony from the context of multiple control on verbal behavior (ironic), that includes more than one audience as part of that context; Paiva demonstrates an outstanding contribution in the differentiation of five types (pure, satirical, disfemistic, restrictive and contornant) and climates (naive, rhetoric, sacred, scientific and familiar) of irony. The junction of the approaches of Skinner and Paiva suggests that investigation of irony in speech should analyze the production and comprehension of verbal irony considering the context (stimulus control) and the audience that define multiple types of climates and ironies. We conclude that functional analysis of verbal irony helped to go beyond simply saying how irony it is "used", indicating where, how and why (for what) this behavior is emitted. Study II presents an empirical analysis of production and comprehension of verbal irony in the legal environment. A Jury was recorded, filmed and the speech of the Prosecutor and Lawer was analysed. From the recorded statements, four ironic phrases were selected from each participant, chosen by the researcher and judged by three people (a trainee, the supervisor of this dissertation and the participant s opponent). The phrases were separated and analyzed using the BAS method. The results demonstrated a clear understanding of the participant s irony by definition in the dictionary. Moreover, the high emission of manipulative autoclitics made the irony be issued more in order to persuade listeners than to humor function, for example. It was concluded that the emission of irony can be understood as something inappropriate in legal environment. Furthermore, when investigated by the Behavior Analysis (along with the addition of Linguists definitions), is issued under multiple control, highlighting the humor functions and disqualification of the opponent s speech (such as sarcasm or mockery)
Neste trabalho são apresentados dois estudos sobre ironia verbal na Análise do Comportamento. Essa dissertação traz as contribuições de outras áreas (Linguística, Psicologia Cognitiva) para a Análise do Comportamento, de maneira que se possa construir, em alicerces comportamentais, um arcabouço sustentável para o estudo das funções da produção e da compreensão da ironia verbal; e, ao mesmo tempo, para que se possam testar empiricamente algumas das interpretações behavioristas sobre a ironia verbal. O Estudo I é conceitual e seu objetivo é apresentar o conceito de ironia em duas grandes áreas do conhecimento: a Linguística, através da autora Paiva (1961), Contribuição Para Uma Estilística Da Ironia; e a Análise do Comportamento, através do autor Skinner (1957), Verbal Behavior. A partir dessas duas obras clássicas, foi analisado e discutido, através do método da ACD (Análise Comportamental do Discurso), o conceito de ironia verbal e as possibilidades de uma análise funcional do comportamento verbal que envolve o fenômeno. Esse método é auto-descrição dos efeitos do texto-discurso sob o pesquisador. Os resultados mostraram que a ironia em Skinner pode ser conceituada como comportamento verbal sob controle múltiplo audiência múltipla, estímulos múltiplos (especialmente não verbais) e operações motivacionais a partir desses estímulos e audiências múltiplas com a função de deixar que o ouvinte produza uma resposta (em geral contrária ao que foi dito). As diferentes consequências sobre as audiências classificam funcionalmente subtipos de ironia: sarcasmo, sátira, alegoria, cinismo, etc. Esses elementos do conceito de ironia do autor são compartilhados pelas definições de ironia de Paiva. Skinner descreve a função da ironia a partir do contexto do controle múltiplo do comportamento verbal (irônico), que inclui mais de uma audiência como parte desse contexto; Paiva demonstra uma relevante contribuição na diferenciação dos cinco tipos (pura, satírica, disfemística, restritiva e contornante) e climas (ingênuo, retórico, sagrado, científico e familiar) da ironia.A junção das abordagens de Skinner e de Paiva aponta que o estudo da ironia no discurso deve analisar a produção e a compreensão do comportamento verbal irônico levando em consideração o contexto (controle de estímulo) e a audiência múltipla que definem tipos e climas de ironias. Conclui-se que a análise funcional do comportamento verbal irônico ajudou a ir além de simplesmente dizer como a ironia é utilizada , apontando onde, como e porque (para que) esse comportamento é emitido. No Estudo II é apresentada uma análise empírica da produção e compreensão da ironia verbal em ambiente jurídico. Foi gravado e filmado um Júri Popular e analisadas as falas do Promotor e do Advogado. Dessas falas gravadas foram selecionadas quatro frases irônicas de cada participante, escolhidas pela pesquisadora e julgadas por outras três pessoas (um estagiário, o orientador desta dissertação e o oponente do participante). As frases foram separadas e analisadas com base no método da ACD. Os resultados demonstraram uma clara compreensão da ironia por parte dos participantes pela definição mais dicionarizada. Além disso, a alta emissão de autoclíticos manipulativos fez com que a ironia fosse mais emitida com o objetivo de persuadir os ouvintes do que com função humorística, por exemplo. Concluiu-se que a emissão da ironia pode ser compreendida como algo inapropriado em ambiente jurídico. Além disso, quando investigada pela Análise do Comportamento (juntamente com a junção das definições na Linguística), é emitida sob controle múltiplo, destacando-se as funções de humor e de desqualificação da fala do oponente (como sarcasmo ou deboche)
Bryant, Gregory Alan. "Prosodic features of verbal irony in spontaneous speech /." Diss., Digital Dissertations Database. Restricted to UC campuses, 2004. http://uclibs.org/PID/11984.
Повний текст джерелаVALLE, ANNALISA. "Teoria della mente e ironia: il ruolo del contesto relazionale e delle conoscenze pregresse nella comprensione dell'ironia verbale." Doctoral thesis, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10280/284.
Повний текст джерелаThis work considers the verbal irony comprehension in school and preschool age children in the light of its link with theory of mind (the ability to impute mental states to the self and to the others as a way of making sense and predicting behaviour) and linguistic competences of subjects. The aim is to identify the relational, contextual and informative factors helping children to interpret verbal irony before and after the complex mentalistic abilities acquisition. The first study deals with status difference between talkers (symmetric and asymmetric relation) and characteristics of children relationship attachment with their caregivers. The second research elaborates on the role of previous knowledge of subjects to understand irony statement (encyclopaedic or episodic knowledge) and of ironic claim type (echoic or allusional) and the link with mentalistic and linguistic abilities. The results show that children use some of the detected factors to understand verbal irony also before the acquisition of complex theory of mind.
VALLE, ANNALISA. "Teoria della mente e ironia: il ruolo del contesto relazionale e delle conoscenze pregresse nella comprensione dell'ironia verbale." Doctoral thesis, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10280/284.
Повний текст джерелаThis work considers the verbal irony comprehension in school and preschool age children in the light of its link with theory of mind (the ability to impute mental states to the self and to the others as a way of making sense and predicting behaviour) and linguistic competences of subjects. The aim is to identify the relational, contextual and informative factors helping children to interpret verbal irony before and after the complex mentalistic abilities acquisition. The first study deals with status difference between talkers (symmetric and asymmetric relation) and characteristics of children relationship attachment with their caregivers. The second research elaborates on the role of previous knowledge of subjects to understand irony statement (encyclopaedic or episodic knowledge) and of ironic claim type (echoic or allusional) and the link with mentalistic and linguistic abilities. The results show that children use some of the detected factors to understand verbal irony also before the acquisition of complex theory of mind.
Eneroth, Filip. "“Ooooh, so strong” : Ironic Responses to Donald Trump’s Presidential Tweets." Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Institutionen för språk, litteratur och interkultur, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-66378.
Повний текст джерелаSedan Donald Trump ställde upp i presidentvalet och till slut vann valet, har hans användning av sociala medier fått mycket uppmärksamhet p.g.a dess olämpliga innehåll. Många har ifrågasatt lämpligheten i hans Twitter-användning, och lingvistiskt sett menar framstående röster att den tidigare företagsmannen inte äger förmågan att tala; han kan bara prata; och det gör han på Twitter som USA:s president och ger sin egen syn på världsliga händelser. Därför är det av intresse att titta på hur människor reagerar och tilltalar honom på nätet. Med tanke på hans låga popularitetssiffra på 39%, kan det förmodas att många inte håller med honom, och att ironi används som ett sätt att uttrycka en annan åsikt. Ironi beskrivs som “användningen av ord för att uttrycka någonting annat eller speciellt det motsatta av den bokstavliga meningen” (översatt från Merriam-Webster, 2018), vilket är hypotetiskt förväntat i svar till Trumps tweets. Denna studie syftar till att identifiera ironiska kommentarer på Trumps tweets och se om de överensstämmer med tidigare utvecklade teorier kring ironi. Även analys av vilken av Grices konversationsmaximer som bryts oftast görs i studien. Studiens data inkluderar 337 kommentarer, av vilka 78 (23%) är ironiska, oftast med intention att förlöjliga och fördöma Trump. 88% av alla kommentarer håller inte med om innehållet i Trumps tweets. Den mest applicerbara ironi-teorin var “echoic interpretation” teorin (Wilson & Sperber), medan den mest ignorerade konversationsmaximen var relevans.
Clément, Sarah. "Ecritures avides : Beckett, Des Forêts, Bernhard." Paris 7, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA070078.
Повний текст джерелаThrough a cross-reading of three soliloquies, Molloy, Le Bavard and Béton, I propose to analyse the notion of « avidity » -quintessentially linked to those of rhetorical copia, abundance and verbosity- as an essential principle in the writing of Beckett, des Forêts and Bernhard. Whether avidity appears in the forms of compulsive repetition or of chatter as a mariner of overexpression, it reveals the vacuity of the powerless subjects, it embodies the lingering mediocrity which they feel, while it also pushes them forward, beyond the self. In the grasp of tensions between the crumbling characters and their frenzied logorrhea, the avid narrative demonstrates a taste for the use of repetitions and for long and asyntactic sentences, as well as it displays a strong tendency towards abuse and aggressiveness, a fragmented prose, an abundance of personal oral structures, and intertextual practices. These diverse modes, recurrent in the copious discourse, indicate an appetite for words, as well as a will to deconstruct the traditional foundations of narratives. Their strong blast can induce the absorption of these readers, whose abnormal, excessive relation to the text relies on a mixture of somehow contradictory affects —fascination, attraction, contamination, or, conversely, disgust, nausea, hatred. The text is metabolized through a series of processes such as the inflation of metatextual play, a diffusely propagated prophylactic irony, or an aggressive inclusion and rejection of the reader. Such processes invest readers in a borderline experience, the might of which mainly relies on unsettled interpretations
Graham, Brett. ""We're totally getting married...| Verbal Irony Use in Computer-mediated Communication." Thesis, Southern Illinois University at Edwardsville, 2016. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10128868.
Повний текст джерелаCell phones are an essential piece of communication technology in today’s world. Though pocket sized computers provide the ability to have verbal communication between almost anyone in the world, it is often forgotten that these devices also allow non-verbal communication. Short Message Service (SMS), more commonly known as text messaging, enables cell phones to send and receive short messages from others instead of making a phone call. When using texting, there is a lack of verbal and visual non-verbal cues that we normally experience speaking over the phone or face-to-face (FtF). One of the more often mistranslated functions of communication when texting is verbal irony. Verbal irony is difficult to decipher in text due to the lack of cues. This study examines whether verbal irony can accurately be deciphered in texting, and if it is possible to correctly convey verbal irony in SMS. Additional questions include what category of verbal irony provides the clearest interpretation, the effect of emoticons on understanding, and possible gender differences in interpretation and creation of verbal irony. After collection and analysis of data, the research has shown that it is possible to correctly convey verbal irony if certain patterns are followed. There is an overwhelming use of emoticons, particularly the disappointed face, and the use of ellipsis when creating verbal irony within text messages. In both cases, it shows to be beneficial. There are gender differences in the interpretation of verbal irony including the concept that same gendered senders and receivers are more accurate in interpretation.
Trew, Jennifer L. "Cognitive biases in social anxiety : impact on the comprehension of verbal irony." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/32358.
Повний текст джерелаArts, Faculty of
Psychology, Department of
Graduate
Aguilera, S. Karla, P. Magdalena Ardile, P. Natalia Azócar, P. Catalina Fuentes, V. Paulina Godoy, A. Andrés Guerrero, S. Rocío Knipp, G. Isidora Ortiz, and S. Mónica Solís. "A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF VERBAL IRONY AND SARCASM IN AMERICAN TELEVISION COMEDIES AND DRAMAS." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2009. http://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/109849.
Повний текст джерелаSaavedra, Pinto Loreto. "Ironía y actos de habla: análisis pragmático de la ironía verbal como recurso humorístico en un corpus de historietas en lengua española." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2012. http://www.repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/113638.
Повний текст джерелаEl presente trabajo tiene como objetivo describir las funciones discursivo-pragmáticas de la ironía como recurso humorístico en un corpus de tiras cómicas en lengua española en relación con los distintos tipos de actos de habla planteados por Searle (2001). Dentro del marco conceptual se desarrollarán algunos conceptos de ironía que van desde la consideración de dicho recurso como un tropo que consiste en ‘decir una cosa queriendo decir lo contrario’ (Haverkate, 1983) hasta nociones que permiten ampliar el análisis de la ironía relacionándola con elementos contextuales (Sperber y Wilson, 1981). La metodología de trabajo consistió en la recolección de un corpus de 50 viñetas en las cuales se presentó el uso de la ironía, las cuales fueron analizadas de manera individual en función de las implicaturas, de su intención comunicativa y del acto de habla a través del cual se manifestó el uso de la ironía. Posteriormente, se realizó un análisis individual y general, tanto cuantitativo como cualitativo, que permitió la verificación de las hipótesis de trabajo planteadas en el estudio. Los resultados muestran que las funciones discursivo-pragmáticas de la ironía corresponden a generar humor y a realizar una crítica. Estas funciones se realizan por medio de actos de habla asertivos, directivos y expresivos.
Ingram, Virginia. "A King and a Fool? Verbal irony in 2 Samuel 11:1-19:8a." Thesis, Ingram, Virginia (2016) A King and a Fool? Verbal irony in 2 Samuel 11:1-19:8a. PhD thesis, Murdoch University, 2016. https://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/32660/.
Повний текст джерелаNelson, Philip A. "Irony's Devices: Modes of Irony from Voltaire to Camus." The Ohio State University, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1275318943.
Повний текст джерелаS'hiri, Sonia. "Verbal irony in literary discourse : a pragmatic-stylistic study with particular emphasis on contemporary narrative fiction." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/29363.
Повний текст джерелаFlores, Cortés Gemita. "Un análisis discursivo-pragmático de la ironía verbal : su ocurrencia y funcionamiento en la conversación semi-espontánea de series dramáticas y comedias televisivas." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2007. http://www.repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/109036.
Повний текст джерелаBellavia, Sara. "La traduzione di fumetti: proposta di traduzione di Invincible Iron Man e confronto con la versione ufficiale." Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2019. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/18411/.
Повний текст джерелаNel, Rentia. "Die verband tussen ysterstatus en ontwikkelingskoördinasieversteuring (DCD) by nege- tot twaalfjarige kinders / Rentia Nel." Thesis, North-West University, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/604.
Повний текст джерелаThesis (M.Sc. (Human Movement Science))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2005.
Terminiello, Eliana. "Verbal irony in contemporary films: hidden meanings in conversation." Tesi di dottorato, 2008. http://www.fedoa.unina.it/2214/1/Terminiello_Lingua_Inglese.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаWang, Jo-Chiung, and 王若瓊. "Translating Verbal Irony: A Case Study of Pride and Prejudice." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/26214501481215893567.
Повний текст джерела國立臺灣師範大學
翻譯研究所
100
The purpose of this study is to examine verbal irony in Jane Austen’s work Pride and Prejudice and the effectiveness of verbal irony in different translations. This thesis begins by looking into the biography and social background of Austen, and then invokes the Relevance Theory developed by Sperber and Wilson to discuss the definition and utilization of verbal irony in communication. Then the study draws on Yus’ Model of Contextual Activation to analyze specific instances of verbal irony, and understand the various signals of activation in the context. The results are used as criteria to examine the effectiveness of four translations. The study concludes that the more contextual signals are activated, the better the understanding and performance of the translators. In terms of different types of text in the book, it is discovered that verbal irony in dialogues are more adequately translated, whereas verbal irony in author’s narration are often missed or misunderstood. It is advised that future translation of the work take further notice regarding the understanding and expression of verbal irony.
Kałowski, Piotr. "Ironia w dialogu z innymi i samym sobą. Wpływ gelotofobii." Doctoral thesis, 2021. https://depotuw.ceon.pl/handle/item/4010.
Повний текст джерелаExisting research shows that irony use and understanding is influenced by the interlocutors’ individual differences. A particularly interesting difference which has not yet been explored from the perspective of irony research might be gelotophobia: the fear of being laughed at and negatively interpreting humor. Study 1 showed that the preference for irony, sarcasm, satire, and cynicism did not differentiate gelotophobes from nongelotophobes. However, gelotophobes reported more negative emotional reactions to ironic utterances. These results point to a complex relationship between irony use and understanding and gelotophobia. Seeking to explore it further, Study 2 involved a qualitative analysis of gelotophobes’ and nongelotophobes’ statements about irony. Nongelotophobes reported using irony to joke and to entertain their interlocutors, while nongelotophobes described ironic utterances as arrogant and insulting. Nevertheless, they also reported using irony themselves. The second part of the project combined the interpersonal perspective on irony with the intrapersonal one using dialogical self theory (DST) and the related concept of internal dialogues. The second theme of the project was thus to emphasize irony in internal dialogues in addition to interpersonal ones and to examine the potential relations between these two spheres. Study 3 showed that the preference for irony was correlated with the tendency to engage in internal dialogues, including simulating real interactions, taking different points of view, and debating internal conflicts. On the other hand, gelotophobia was related to more frequent internal dialogues, both involving simulations of real interactions as well as ruminations. Gelotophobes’ negative attitudes towards irony and their simultaneous use of irony on a level similar to nongelotophobes might thus be related to the fact that gelotophobes are especially sensitive to this form of humor and remember/recall more instances of being the victims of irony. This might be reflected in their internal dialogues and might shape their understanding of irony. A similar mechanism is described in the echoic theory of irony, which states that irony involves recalling others’ real or imagined utterances and attitudes. Thus, the intrapersonal perspective - the internal representation of oneself in relationships with others - is related to the interpersonal situation of irony use and understanding. Study 4 used a quantitative measure of the sphere of internal dialogues according to DST, following its authors’ suggestion as well as the results of existing studies on the possible internal position of “I as ironic.” The results showed that the position of “I as ironic” was recognized by the participants in their internal dialogues. It was rated as entering into internal dialogues with a variety of other positions related to own attitudes and relationships with others. Moreover, Study 4 showed a lack of statistically significant correlations between the need for cognitive closure and internal dialogical activity, meaning that these constructs are separate. Studying irony from the interpersonal and intrapersonal perspective and pointing to the relationships between them, the current project fits the newest research trends and deepens our understanding of the social-cognitive processes related to irony. It lays the foundations for further studies on irony and internal dialogues. It also serves as a starting point for further studies on self-irony.
Krygier-Bartz, Marta. "Verbal irony comprehension in middle school age children and adults in Polish and English discourse." 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1993/31699.
Повний текст джерелаOctober 2016
Mewhort-Buist, Tracy Anne. "What Are You Really Saying? Verbal Irony Understanding in Children with Social Anxiety Symptoms and Shy Negative Affect." Thesis, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10012/6224.
Повний текст джерелаBanasik, Natalia. "Rozwój wnioskowania społecznego u dzieci. Rozumienie ironii werbalnej a teoria umysłu." Doctoral thesis, 2017. https://depotuw.ceon.pl/handle/item/2199.
Повний текст джерелаThe main topic of this research project was the comprehension of ironic utterances by Polish-speaking children aged four, five and six. It attempted to answer the questions on whether four-year-old children can correctly understand the real meaning behind a simple ironic statement, whether there is a relation between this ability and the level of development of the theory of mind, how does the irony comprehension change with age and whether selected features of ironic statements can facilitate children's understanding of them.Children were tested with Irony Comprehension Task (ICT, Banasik, Bokus, 2012) and Theory of Mind Task (TRM, Białecka-Pikul, 2012).The results indicate that children as early as when they are four-year-old grasp the meaning of ironic comment. Interestingly, four-year olds do not differ on the accuracy score in Irony Comprehension Task from five-year olds. However, six-year-olds do better on irony comprehension than four-year-olds, but there is no difference between six- and five-year-olds.The hypothesis about a relation between irony comprehension and the level of development of the mind theory was confirmed. When various aspects of the knowledge about the mind were analyzed separately, it was shown that irony comprehension only correlates with the results on the first order false belief task and with the understanding of unexpected identity task.Comparisons of children's responses to ironic criticism and to irony that is not aimed to criticize demonstrated that four-year-olds are better at comprehension of ironic statements when it includes criticism, whereas there is no difference in correct comprehension between critical and non-critical ironic statements in five- and six-year olds.Also, only in the youngest group there was a difference between the meaning of the statements addressed by the adult to a child and the statements in which the child was speaking to another child – the former was easier for four-year olds. The results of children's responses to open-ended questions in ICT were also presented in the dissertation. Based on the collected data, the classification of justifications for using ironic statements given by children was prepared.
Agbayewa, Abiola S. "Verbal irony comprehension for children and adolescents with high-functioning autism and Asperger's syndrome in computer-mediated communication." 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1993/4319.
Повний текст джерела