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Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 7 липня 2024

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1

Lion, S., F. Fortin, A. Pawlik, C. Oppenheim, S. Rodrigo, N. Assaf, and J. F. Méder. "IRM fonctionnelle (IRMf) cerebrale en temps reel." Journal de Radiologie 87, no. 10 (October 2006): 1331. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0221-0363(06)87146-5.

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2

Clack, Lauren, Simone Passerini, Aline Wolfensberger, Hugo Sax, and Tanja Manser. "Frequency and Nature of Infectious Risk Moments During Acute Care Based on the INFORM Structured Classification Taxonomy." Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology 39, no. 3 (March 2018): 272–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/ice.2017.326.

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OBJECTIVEIn this study, we sought to establish a comprehensive inventory of infectious risk moments (IRMs), defined as seemingly innocuous yet frequently occurring care manipulations potentially resulting in transfer of pathogens to patients. We also aimed to develop and employ an observational taxonomy to quantify the frequency and nature of IRMs in acute-care settings.DESIGNProspective observational study and establishment of observational taxonomy.SETTINGIntensive care unit, general medical ward, and emergency ward of a university-affiliated hospital.PARTICIPANTSHealthcare workers (HCWs)METHODSExploratory observations were conducted to identify IRMs, which were coded based on the surfaces involved in the transmission pathway to establish a structured taxonomy. Structured observations were performed using this taxonomy to quantify IRMs in all 3 settings.RESULTSFollowing 129.17 hours of exploratory observations, identified IRMs involved HCW hands, gloves, care devices, mobile objects, and HCW clothing and accessories. A structured taxonomy called INFORM (INFectiOus Risk Moment) was established to classify each IRM according to the source, vector, and endpoint of potential pathogen transfer. We observed 1,138 IRMs during 53.77 hours of structured observations (31.25 active care hours) for an average foundation of 42.8 IRMs per active care hour overall, and average densities of 34.9, 36.8, and 56.3 IRMs in the intensive care, medical, and emergency wards, respectively.CONCLUSIONSHands and gloves remain among the most important contributors to the transfer of pathogens within the healthcare setting, but medical devices, mobile objects, invasive devices, and HCW clothing and accessories may also contribute to patient colonization and/or infection. The INFORM observational taxonomy and IRM inventory presented may benefit clinical risk assessment, training and education, and future research.Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2018;39:272–279

3

Clack, Lauren, Jan Schmutz, Tanja Manser, and Hugo Sax. "Infectious Risk Moments: A Novel, Human Factors–Informed Approach to Infection Prevention." Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology 35, no. 8 (August 2014): 1051–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/677166.

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We pilot tested a novel human factors–informed concept to identify infectious risk moments (IRMs) that occur with high frequency during routine intensive care. Following 30 observation-hours, 28 potential IRMs related to hand hygiene, gloves, and objects were expert rated. A comprehensive IRM inventory may provide valuable taxonomy for research, training, and intervention.Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2014;35(8):1051–1055

4

Kim, Jae Young, Ji-Hye Lee, Jong Min Yang, Seo-Yong Lee, Sun Young Park, Jong Sook Jin, Dohyun Kim, et al. "Production of Foot-and-Mouth Disease Type O and A Vaccine Antigens on a Pilot Scale and Determination of Optimal Amount of Antigen for Monovalent Vaccines." Vaccines 11, no. 7 (June 26, 2023): 1156. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines11071156.

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Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is a highly infectious disease affecting cloven-hoofed animals and causes significant economic losses to the livestock industry. The Type O PanAsia-2 (O PA-2) vaccine strain is protective against a wide range of serotype O FMD virus (FMDV) strains in East Asia, and A22 Iraq/24/64 (A22 IRQ) is the most widely used vaccine strain in FMD vaccine antigen banks. The aim of this study was to produce antigens from O PA-2 and A22 IRQ viruses using a 100 L bioreactor and evaluate the protective efficacy of varying antigen concentrations in pigs. More than 2 μg/mL of the antigen was recovered from the O PA-2 and A22 IRQ virus-infected supernatants. Further, inactivation of O PA-2 and A22 IRQ by binary ethyleneimine revealed that the viral titers decreased below 10−7 TCID50/mL within 13 h and 9 h, respectively. The O PA-2 and A22 IRQ vaccines, containing 10 μg and 5 μg of antigen, respectively, provided protection against homologous viruses in pigs. This is the first report demonstrating that the antigens obtained from the pilot-scale production of O PA-2 and A22 IRQ are viable candidate vaccines. These results will pave the way for industrial-scale FMD vaccine production in South Korea.

5

Rodionova, Valeria, Irina Dzhun, Kseniay Chichay, Sergey Shevyrtalov, and Nikolai Chechenin. "Enhancement of Exchange Bias in NiFe/IrM, IrMn/NiFe and NiFe/IrMn/NiFe Structures with Different Thickness of Antiferromagnetic Layer." Solid State Phenomena 233-234 (July 2015): 427–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.233-234.427.

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The Influence of the ferromagnetic (FM) and antiferromagnetic (AFM) layers position and of the thickness of antiferromagnetic (AFM) layer on magnetic properties of FM/AFM bilayer structures was studied. Angular dependences of the coercive force and exchange bias field were analyzed for NiFe/IrMn bilayer structures with different thickness of AFM layer. In some samples we observed the maximum values of the exchange bias field in the directions different from the magnetic easy axis.

6

Cole, Azadeh D., John Blackwell, Stephanie A. Montgomery, Thomas M. Egan, and Marie Muller. "Using random matrix theory to quantify pulmonary fibrosis: Investigating the effect of time window duration." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 152, no. 4 (October 2022): A292. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/10.0016319.

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Random matrix theory (RMT) exploits the distribution of singular values of the inter-element response matrix (IRM). If multiple scattering dominates the propagation, the singular value distribution follows the quarter circle law. However, dominance of single scattering results in Henkel function behavior of the singular value distribution. In our previous work, we have shown that this can be exploited to estimate severity of bleomycin-induced fibrosis (measured by histology) in rodent lungs. We showed that E( x), the expected value of the singular value distribution, as well as the singular value with the highest probability, correlated significantly with histology scores. Here, we investigate the sensitivity of these metrics to the time window duration used for the Singular Value Decomposition of the IRM, which is performed in the frequency domain, using overlapping time windows. A linear transducer with a central frequency of 7.8 MHz and a Verasonics scanner were used to obtain IRMs in 24 rat lungs. Different degrees of pulmonary fibrosis were induced using bleomycin in 18 rats while 6 rats were left as controls. The IRMs were time-windowed with different duration of 2T, 4T, and 6T where T is the transmitted pulse period. E(x) and were evaluated for each time window duration for all rat lungs. For all time window durations significant correlations were observed between and E(x), and histology scores. Wilcoxon ranksum tests show that the distributions obtained for and E(x) are not affected by the time window duration.

7

Zhou, Shun, Jian Xu, Dong Wang, Yong Wang, and Lijuan Meng. "Development an Immune-Related MicroRNA Risk Index in Hepatocellular Carcinoma." Journal of Oncology 2022 (April 12, 2022): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/5224434.

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Purpose. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HC) has emerged as one of the most prevalent malignancies on a global scale. Recently, immunotherapy has achieved favorable effectiveness in the management of multiple cancers. However, there are limited therapeutic options for advanced HC. As the liver is a special immune organ, we intend to uncover potential and effective immunotherapeutic modalities for HC. Our study was designed to develop specific immune-related miRNAs (IRMs) for outcome assessment and individualized strategies for the management of HC. Methods. The miRNA-seq and survival data of TCGA-LIHC dataset was enrolled into this program. We first collected IRMs from Immune-miR website. Differentially expression analysis was applied to screen aberrantly expressed IRMs. In order to set up an IRM-related index (IRMRI) in HC, we conducted the Cox relevant methods. Next, the statistical approaches (survival curve and ROC curve analyses) were utilized to detect the evaluation capacity of our IRMRI. Subsequently, we obtained the target genes of hub miRNAs from IRMRI through three miRNA-related predictive online tools (miRDB, miRTarBase, and TargetScan websites). Results. Five IRMs were determined to develop the IRMRI. It can effectively segregate all HC cases from two different risk subgroups. We identified a marked discrepancy in survival outcome between the two groups by survival analysis and confirmed the reliability of IRMRI in two testing sets. Moreover, we collected 10 hub target genes (ESR1, IGF1, PDGFRB, JUN, MYC, ZWINT, MAD2L1, TOP2A, KIF11, and CDCA8) which were strongly linked to HC progression and malignant behavior. Conclusion. We screened out five hub IRMs with clinical value and constructed a risk index model in HC, which can precisely assess the risk status and outcome of patients to a certain extent.

8

AL-BEDRI, M. B. H., and I. J. ABDUL GHANI. "ELEMENTAL ANALYSIS OF RAINWATER BY PIXE TECHNIQUE." International Journal of PIXE 22, no. 03n04 (January 2012): 299–306. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0129083512400384.

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Analysis of trace and toxic metals in untreated rainwater has been carried out using nondestructive proton induced X-ray emission (PIXE) in combination with pre-concentration technique. The pre-concentration technique used for this purpose was carried out by evaporation of the rainwater samples at 50°C under atmospheric pressure. Untreated rainwater samples were collected from 10 different locations across Baghdad city, Iraq. The mean concentration values of the elements ( Al, Ca, Co, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Zn, Br, Rb and Sr ) in rainwater samples were determined simultaneously at the parts per billion (ppb) levels. The rainwater samples and certified reference materials (CRMs) were irradiated with 2.0 MeV proton beam from Van de Graaff accelerator. The accuracy of the results was proved by using certified reference materials (GSP-2). The results were compared with the published data, Iraqi standards (IRQ), European standards (EU), and World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines for drinking water quality. The purpose of this work was to obtain the total elemental compositions of rainwater in Iraq.

9

Wijayanto, Gatot, Yuyus Suryana, Yevis Marty Oesman, and Arief Helmi. "THE PERCEPTION OF CUSTOMER VALUE AND ITS INFLUENCE TO SELF CONSEPT IN USING CREDIT CARD." International Review of Management and Marketing 9, no. 2 (March 1, 2019): 104–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.32479/irmm.

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10

Clack, Lauren, Simone Passerini, Tanja Manser, and Hugo Sax. "Likelihood of Infectious Outcomes Following Infectious Risk Moments During Patient Care—An International Expert Consensus Study and Quantitative Risk Index." Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology 39, no. 3 (March 2018): 280–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/ice.2017.327.

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OBJECTIVETo elicit expert consensus on the likelihood of infectious outcomes (patient colonization or infection) following a broad range of infectious risk moments (IRMs) from observations in acute care.DESIGNExpert consensus study using modified Delphi technique.PARTICIPANTSPanel of 40 international experts including nurses, physicians and microbiologists specialized in infectious diseases and infection prevention and control (IPC).METHODSThe modified Delphi process consisted of 3 online survey rounds, with feedback of mean ratings and expert comments between rounds. The Delphi survey comprised 52 care scenarios representing observed IRMs organized into 6 sections: hands, gloves, medical devices, mobile objects, invasive procedures, and additional moments. For each scenario, experts indicated the likelihood of both patient colonization and infection on a scale from 0 to 5 (high). Expert ratings were plotted against frequencies of IRMs observed during actual patient care resulting in a risk index.RESULTSFollowing 3 rounds, consensus was achieved for 92 of 104 items (88.5%). The mean ratings across all scenarios for likelihood of colonization and infection were 2.68 and 2.02, respectively. The likelihood of colonization was rated higher than infection for 48 of 52 scenarios. Ratings were significantly higher for colonization (P=.001) and infection (P<.0005) when the scenario involved transfer of pathogens to critical patient sites.CONCLUSIONSThe design of effective IPC strategies requires the selection of behaviors according to their impact on patient outcomes. The IRM index reported here provides a basis for standardizing and prioritizing targets for quality improvement initiatives, training, and future research in acute health care.Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2018;39:280–289

11

An Hsieh, Chueh, and Alexander Von Eye. "The best of both worlds: a joint modeling approach for the assessment of change across repeated measurements." International Journal of Psychological Research 3, no. 1 (June 30, 2010): 176–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.21500/20112084.862.

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The usefulness of Bayesian methods in estimating complex statistical models is undeniable. From a Bayesian standpoint, this paper aims to demonstrate the capacity of Bayesian methods and propose a comprehensive model combining both a measurement model (e.g., an item response model, IRM) and a structural model (e.g., a latent variable model, LVM). That is, through the incorporation of the probit link and Bayesian estimation, the item response model can be introduced naturally into a latent variable model. The utility of this IRM-LVM comprehensive framework is investigated with a real data example and promising results are obtained, in which the data drawn from part of the British Social Attitudes Panel Survey 1983-1986 reveal the attitude toward abortion of a representative sample of adults aged 18 or older living in Great Britain. The application of IRMs to responses gathered from repeated assessments allows us to take the characteristics of both item responses and measurement error into consideration in the analysis of individual developmental trajectories, and helps resolve some difficult modeling issues commonly encountered in developmental research, such as small sample sizes, multiple discretely scaled items, many repeated assessments, and attrition over time.

12

Nejat Al-Juboury. "IRAQ YESTERDAY, IRAQ TODAY." Journal of the College of Basic Education, no. 48 (January 27, 2023): 11–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.35950/cbej.vi48.9749.

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Abstract This study intends to shed some light on why Iraq has been in the news quite a bit, and why it has come to play the role it has in world affairs of the late twentieth and early twenty-first centuries. It concerns Iraq yesterday and today. Introduction The paper makes one simple assumption: the notion that all human life on this planet – Muslim and non-Muslim, female and male, civilian and military, poor or rich, ‘North’ or ‘South’, white or black– carries exactly the same intrinsic worth. This essential value of human life is due to the presence of the Divine spirit in all of humanity, the same spirit that, according to the Qur’an, God breathed into each and every human being [Qur’an 15:29 and 38:72]. From this premise of the worth and dignity of each and every human life and the right of each community to realize their vision of prosperity, dignity and righteousness, as long as that vision does not come at the expense of any other community, the researcher intends to begin this study. The paper is divided into two parts, the first concerns Iraq before the war of 2003 – referred to in this study as Iraq yesterday; the second part tackles a number of current issues and attempts to find answers for some controversial questions including: What are the causes and consequences of the US war on Iraq and the occupation of this country? Is it invasion or liberation? Is it true that post-war excuses for invasion and occupation are to make Iraq a western-style democracy and to spread Western values or is the US actually putting on a terrifying show for the whole world to see and yield? And eventually where is the value of human life?

13

Matveeva, Alina Igorevna. "Primorsky Musical Institute in the history of the development of academic music in the Far East (1923-1924)." Культура и искусство, no. 8 (August 2023): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.7256/2454-0625.2023.8.43659.

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The article examines the activities of the Primorsky Musical Institute (1923-1924), which contributed to the development of academic music in the Far East in the post-revolutionary period, associated with the liquidation of the "buffer state" of the Far Eastern Republic (FER, 1920-1922) and its accession to the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (RSFSR). Through the prism of historical documents and archival materials, the factology of which did not fall into the analytics available today, corrective information is introduced into music science, which, on the one hand, forms an up-to-date view of the activities of the Primorsky Musical Institute, in terms of preserving traditions, paying attention to successive ties with the Imperial Russian Musical Society (RMO / IRMO), which played a special role in organizing the musical life of the country, and the Far East during the period of Imperial Russia. On the other hand, he names the reasons why the closure of the Institute led to the impossibility of the historical continuation of the forward line of development laid down by the IRMS in the Sovietized post-FER period. Contextual study allows the fact of the emergence of the Primorsky Musical Institute in Vladivostok to be comprehended as a consequence of the inertially preserved organizational work of the Vladivostok branch of the IRMO (1909-1917), which opened a music school at the Department, and then established a music school at the RMO (1917-1922).

14

Yoshida, M., M. Ida, T. H. Nguyen, J. L. Stievenart, A. Istoc, T. Shiba, C. Boucard, et al. "357 Évaluation en IRM en séquence de tenseur de diffusion (DTI) et en IRM fonctionnelle (IRMf) de l’hémianopsie par atteinte partielle des radiations optiques." Journal Français d'Ophtalmologie 31 (April 2008): 121. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0181-5512(08)70955-0.

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15

Istoc, A., T. H. Nguyen, J. L. Stievenart, M. Yoshida, A. Abanou, C. Habas, M. T. Iba-Zizen, L. Bellinger, and E. A. Cabanis. "P-20 - Imagerie en tenseur de diffusion (IRMTD) et IRM fonctionnelle (IRMF) chez un patient amblyope." Journal of Neuroradiology 33, no. 1 (February 2006): 21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0150-9861(06)77203-0.

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16

Cole, Azadeh D., John Blackwell, Stephanie A. Montgomery, Thomas M. Egan, and Marie Muller. "Quantifying severity of lung fibrosis in rodents using random matrix theory." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 151, no. 4 (April 2022): A77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/10.0010711.

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We investigate random matrix theory (RMT) as a tool to detect and quantify pulmonary fibrosis in rodents in vivo. Highly scattering structures such as lung alveoli result in specific characteristics in the distribution of singular values of the inter-element response matrix (IRM). When multiple scattering dominates (healthy lung), the distribution of singular values of the IRM is expected to follow a quarter circle law. However, when single scattering regime dominates, the singular values distribution is closer to a Henkel distribution. We propose to exploit this feature to detect pulmonary fibrosis and quantify its severity. Two metrics are defined to describe the singular value distribution: the expected value E(x), which is the weighted average of all singular values, and, the singular value with the highest probability. A 128-element linear transducer operating at 7.8 MHz and a Verasonics scanner were used to collect IRMs from 6 normal and 18 rat lungs with bleomycin-induced fibrosis in vivo. Significant correlations were observed between E(x) (r = −0.46, p = 0.02) and (r = 0.52, p = 0.01) with the severity of fibrosis independently assessed by histology. These preliminary results show the potential of RMT metrics E(x) and to quantify structural changes in the lung parenchyma.

17

Dong, Zihan, Azadeh D. Cole, Chukwuka W. Onuorah, Henry O. Ware, and Marie Muller. "Random matrix theory (RMT) to quantify scattering behavior in lung mimicking phantoms." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 153, no. 3_supplement (March 1, 2023): A188. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/10.0018611.

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As we previously reported in rodent lungs, RMT parameters (Expected value E(x), and λmax, the eigenvalue with the highest probability) extracted from singular value decomposition (SVD) of inter-element response matrix (IRM) show a significant correlation with fibrosis histology scores. The lack of fibrotic models for larger lungs such as pigs motivated us to investigate porous 3D printed PEGDA phantoms with controllable strut size and alveolar density. We hypothesize that E(x), and λmax can distinguish phantoms with different alveolar size, by evaluating multiple scattering in the backscattered signals. IRMs were acquired using a 128-element linear array L7-4 (Verasonics, at 5.2 MHz central frequency) connected to a Verasonics Vantage ultrasound scanner. Phantoms of 1-inches size with different strut diameters of 0.085, 0.17, and 0.26 mm were used. Attenuation constants for these samples were measured using the Substitution Method at 1 MHz, 2.25MHz, and 5 MHz to evaluate scattering attenuation. E(x), and λmax were evaluated using SVD of the IRM. Attenuation constants, E(x), and λmax all show that the phantoms with larger strut size exhibit more multiple scattering than phantoms with smaller strut size. These preliminary results suggest that such phantoms could be used to mimic pulmonary fibrosis.

18

Martin, Regina. "Absentee Capitalism and the Politics of Conrad's Imperial Novels." PMLA/Publications of the Modern Language Association of America 130, no. 3 (May 2015): 584–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1632/pmla.2015.130.3.584.

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The nature of Joseph Conrad's critique of imperialism, given his novels' pervasive racism, persists as a source of debate. his essay argues that three of his imperial novels, Lord Jim, Nostromo, and Victory, take aim at an emerging system of imperialism organized around the modern, investorowned corporation. his system, referred to here as “absentee capitalism,” was replacing the nineteenthcentury British system of relatively small, familybased irms. he novels idealize the familyowned irm as having a presence of material value, meaning, and afect that contrasts with the wasted value let in the wake of absentee capitalism's invisible and everchanging network of social relations. According to this interpretation, Victory, which has been marginalized in Conrad studies, takes on renewed import for its insight into the relation among imperialism, romance, and modernism in Conrad's oeuvre.

19

Janiga, Marek, and Małgorzata Kania. "Evaluation of precision of hydrogen isotopic composition determinations by EA-IRMS, GC-IRMS and Py-GC-IRMS." Nafta-Gaz 76, no. 9 (June 2020): 569–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.18668/ng.2020.09.02.

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Hashim, Ahmed. "Iraq." Current History 95, no. 597 (January 1, 1996): 10–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/curh.1996.95.597.10.

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Ahmad, Mumtaz. "IRAQ." American Journal of Islam and Society 2, no. 2 (December 1, 1985): 313–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.35632/ajis.v2i2.2774.

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At the end of 1979 when the fall of the Shah of Iran was imminent, all eyeswere set on Iraq. Iraq was then seen as the new giant of the Gulf. It had remainedcompletely aloof from all the major inter-Arab disputes and contnwersiesfor almost a decade and had exclusively focused its attention on its ownsocio-economic development. Its development performance during the 1970shad been phenomenal. Iraqi economic planning was rated by internationaldevelopment experts as the most prudent, rational and well-implemented inthe entire Middle East. Notwithstanding-or perhaps because of- its oppressivepolitical apparatus, the Ba'thist state had imposed a code of strict, puritanicalfinancial ethics on its international economic transactions. Iraqi developmentexperience was thus regarded as unique in the Third World in that it was theleast hog-tied by malpractices, pay-offs and personal empire-building by theleadership.Iraq in 1979 was thus a nation with great promise. The size of its oil reservesand potential oil revenues, its capacity for sustained economic developmentbased on a non-oil economy, and its vast water resources that offered thepossibility of an expanded economic base in both agriculture and industry,were some of the major advantages Iraq enjoyed over other Arab oil-producingstates. Its geographical position bordering Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, Syria, Jordan,Turkey, and Iran placed it in an area of great geostrategic concern forboth regional and global ewers. Its pivotal position between Israel to thewest and the Gulf to the east, where it forms what Christine Moss Helmshas called "the eastern flank of the Arab World" was regarded as unique inthe Middle East.But then, Iraqi President Saddam Hussein took the greatest gamble of hislife-and lost. He misjudged the vulnerability of the newly installed IslamicRepublic of Iran under the leadership of Ayatullah Khomeini and, believingin his own rhetoric about the invincibility of the Iraqi armed forces, decidedto invade Iran on some filmsy pretexts. Five and a half years after the war ...

22

Al-Mukhtar, Sabah. "Iraq." Yearbook of Islamic and Middle Eastern Law Online 6, no. 1 (1999): 180–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/221129800x00140.

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Al-Mukhtar, Sabah. "Iraq." Yearbook of Islamic and Middle Eastern Law Online 7, no. 1 (January 1, 2000): 219–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/221129801x00121.

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Al-Mukhtar, Sabah. "Iraq." Yearbook of Islamic and Middle Eastern Law Online 8, no. 1 (January 1, 2001): 145–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/221129802x00139.

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Al-Mukhtar, Sabah. "Iraq." Yearbook of Islamic and Middle Eastern Law Online 15, no. 1 (2011): 141–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22112987-90000011.

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Al-Mukhtar, Sabah. "Iraq." Yearbook of Islamic and Middle Eastern Law Online 12, no. 1 (2005): 281–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22112987-91000136.

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Al-Mukhtar, Sabah. "Iraq." Yearbook of Islamic and Middle Eastern Law Online 13, no. 1 (2006): 167–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22112987-91000170.

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Al-Mukhtar, Sabah. "Iraq." Yearbook of Islamic and Middle Eastern Law Online 14, no. 1 (2008): 147–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22112987-91000212.

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Nasrallah, Faris. "Iraq." Yearbook of Islamic and Middle Eastern Law Online 16, no. 1 (2010): 197–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22112987-91000248.

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Al-Mukhtar, Sabah. "Iraq." Yearbook of Islamic and Middle Eastern Law Online 1, no. 1 (1994): 156–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/221129895x00164.

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Al-Mukhtar, Sabah. "Iraq." Yearbook of Islamic and Middle Eastern Law Online 2, no. 1 (1995): 131–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/221129896x00109.

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Al-Mukhtar, Sabah. "Iraq." Yearbook of Islamic and Middle Eastern Law Online 3, no. 1 (1996): 190–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/221129897x00162.

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Al-Mukhtar, Sabah. "Iraq." Yearbook of Islamic and Middle Eastern Law Online 4, no. 1 (1997): 262–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/221129898x00134.

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Al-Mukhtar, Sabah. "Iraq." Yearbook of Islamic and Middle Eastern Law Online 5, no. 1 (1998): 200–232. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/221129899x00133.

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35

Brunnée, Jutta, and Adrian Di Giovanni. "Iraq." International Journal: Canada's Journal of Global Policy Analysis 60, no. 2 (June 2005): 375–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002070200506000207.

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36

SHEHAB, F. "IRAQ." Bulletin of the Oxford University Institute of Economics & Statistics 21, no. 4 (May 1, 2009): 291–307. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0084.1959.mp21004006.x.

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Sakr, Fadia. "Iraq." High-Level Summary Technical Assistance Reports 2024, no. 011 (April 2024): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5089/9798400272899.029.

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38

Richter, S., A. Alonso, W. De Bolle, H. Kühn, A. Verbruggen, R. Wellum, and P. D. P. Taylor. "Re-certification of a series of uranium isotope reference materials: IRMM-183, IRMM-184, IRMM-185, IRMM-186 and IRMM-187." International Journal of Mass Spectrometry 247, no. 1-3 (December 2005): 37–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijms.2005.07.008.

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39

Yoon, Seok-Soo, and Dong-Young Kim. "IrMn Thickness Dependence of Exchange Bias Training Effect in CoFe/IrMn Thin Films." Journal of the Korean Magnetics Society 33, no. 1 (February 28, 2023): 49–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.4283/jkms.2023.33.1.049.

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40

Biedermann, Andrea R., Mike Jackson, Dario Bilardello, and Joshua M. Feinberg. "Anisotropy of (partial) isothermal remanent magnetization: DC-field-dependence and additivity." Geophysical Journal International 218, no. 2 (May 17, 2019): 1428–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/gji/ggz234.

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SUMMARY Anisotropy of isothermal remanent magnetization (AIRM) is useful for describing the fabrics of high-coercivity grains, or alternatively, the fabrics of all remanence-carrying grains in rocks with weak remanence. Comparisons between AIRM and other measures of magnetic fabric allow for description of mineral-specific or grain-size-dependent fabrics, and their relation to one another. Additionally, when the natural remanence of a rock is carried by high-coercivity minerals, it is essential to isolate the anisotropy of this grain fraction to correct paleodirectional and paleointensity data. AIRMs have been measured using a wide range of applied fields, from a few mT to several T. It has been shown that the degree and shape of AIRM can vary with the strength of the applied field, for example, due to the contribution of separate grain subpopulations or due to field-dependent properties. To improve our understanding of these processes, we systematically investigate the variation of AIRM and the anisotropy of partial isothermal remanence (ApIRM) with applied field for a variety of rocks with different magnetic mineralogies. We also test the additivity of A(p)IRMs and provide a definition of their error limits. While A(p)IRM principal directions can be similar for a range of applied field strengths on the same specimen, the degree and shape of anisotropy often show systematic changes with the field over which the (p)IRM was applied. Also, the data uncertainty varies with field window; typically, larger windows lead to better-defined principal directions. Therefore, the choice of an appropriate field window is crucial for successful anisotropy corrections in paleomagnetic studies. Due to relatively large deviations between AIRMs calculated by tensor addition and directly measured AIRMs, we recommend that the desired A(p)IRM be measured directly for anisotropy corrections.

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Kim, Jae Young, Sun Young Park, Jong Sook Jin, Dohyun Kim, Jong-Hyeon Park, Sang Hyun Park, and Young-Joon Ko. "Efficacy of Binary Ethylenimine in the Inactivation of Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus for Vaccine Production in South Korea." Pathogens 12, no. 6 (May 25, 2023): 760. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens12060760.

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Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) vaccines must be produced in a biosafety level 3 facility, so the FMD virus (FMDV) must be completely inactivated after amplification. The inactivation kinetics of FMDV during vaccine antigen production were assessed by evaluating whether the viral titer dropped below 10−7 TCID50/mL within 24 h of binary ethyleneimine (BEI) treatment. This study dealt with four FMD vaccine candidate strains for the efficacy of BEI treatment at different concentrations and temperatures to determine the optimal inactivation condition of each virus. Two domestic isolates, O/SKR/Boeun/2017 (O BE) and A/SKR/Yeoncheon/2017 (A YC), and two recombinant viruses, PAK/44/2008 (O PA-2) and A22/Iraq/24/64 (A22 IRQ), were investigated. The O BE and A22 IRQ required 2 mM BEI at 26 °C and 0.5 mM BEI at 37 °C for complete inactivation. The O PA-2 and A YC required 2 mM BEI at 26 °C and 1 mM BEI at 37 °C. Crucially, the yield of FMD virus particles (146S) in the viral infection supernatant was higher (>4.0 µg/mL) than those previously reported; additionally, there was little antigen loss, even after 24 h of treatment with 3 mM BEI. Overall, it is considered economical to produce FMD vaccines using these four kinds of viruses; therefore, these candidate strains will be prioritized for the manufacture of FMD vaccines in South Korea.

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Premordia, Inda, and Timea Gál. "DEAR CUSTOMER, THANK YOU FOR YOUR REVIEW: THE SERVICE FAILURE-RECOVERY DYADIC INTERACTIONS IN THE RESTAURANT INDUSTRY." International Review of Management and Marketing 11, no. 3 (May 9, 2021): 49–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.32479/irmm.11257.

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Tuyen, Bui Quang. "BUILDING A LEARNING ORGANIZATION IN THE DIGITAL ERA: A PROPOSED MODEL FOR VIETNAMESE ENTERPRISES." International Review of Management and Marketing 11, no. 3 (May 9, 2021): 42–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.32479/irmm.11314.

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Al-Rawashdeh, Ayad Taha. "THE IMPACT OF APPLYING TALENT MANAGEMENT STRATEGIES ON ACHIEVING HAPPINESS IN THE WORK ENVIRONMENT: AN APPLIED STUDY ON THE ROYAL JORDANIAN AIRLINES COMPANY." International Review of Management and Marketing 11, no. 1 (January 18, 2021): 68–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.32479/irmm.10923.

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Abdelnur, Obeid Ahmed Obeid. "CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY DISCLOSURE BY SUDANESE LISTED COMMERCIAL BANKS." International Review of Management and Marketing 11, no. 1 (January 23, 2021): 60–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.32479/irmm.11097.

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Battista, Ivan De, Franco Curmi, and Emanuel Said. "INFLUENCING FACTORS AFFECTING YOUNG PEOPLE’S ATTITUDE TOWARDS ONLINE ADVERTISING: A SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE REVIEW." International Review of Management and Marketing 11, no. 3 (May 15, 2021): 58–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.32479/irmm.11398.

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Mutasa, Laizah Sashah, and Tiko Iyamu. "Conceptualizing The Integration of eHealth With eGovernance in a Developing Country." Information Resources Management Journal 34, no. 3 (July 2021): 64–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/irmj.2021070104.

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In Namibia, there is a problem of integration between eHealth and eGovernance. This problem has resulted in the fragmentation, decentralisation, and duplication of processes and patient data. These challenges lead to bigger health problems because diagnoses are duplicated, and rates of mortality increase. From the governance angle, service delivery deteriorates owing to lack of transparency and so accurate evaluation of service quality. This study used an interpretivist perspective to identify the factors that can influence the integration between eHealth and eGovernance in the Namibian environment. A total of 66 papers from the years 2011-2020 were deemed relevant to the study and categorized according to topic and year of publication. Based on the factors identified in the data analysis, the challenges identified were conceptualized in terms of how to address the problem of integration between eHealth and eGovernance in a developing country like Namibia.

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Sumarliah, Eli, Tieke Li, Bailin Wang, Anitha Moosa, and Irene Sackey. "The Impact of Customer Halal Supply Chain Knowledge on Customer Halal Fashion Purchase Intention." Information Resources Management Journal 34, no. 3 (July 2021): 79–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/irmj.2021070105.

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Prior studies have demonstrated that halal supply chain knowledge by professionals within an organization is a vital predictor of halal clothing buying intention. This research in contrast explored how supply chain knowledge by retail customers impacts their intention to purchase halal clothing. Customer knowledge includes knowledge of halal resourcing (RES); halal production and design (PRO); halal handling, storage, and packaging logistics (HAN); and halal retailing (RET). An online questionnaire gathered data from 374 retail Muslim customers. The study employed SmartPLS 3 software and PLS-SEM to test the significance of the variables. Regression analysis found that knowledge of halal supply chain practices by retail customers has an important impact on their intention to buy halal fashion.

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Jiang, Yun, Hassan Ahmad, Asad Hassan Butt, Muhammad Nouman Shafique, and Sher Muhammad. "QR Digital Payment System Adoption by Retailers." Information Resources Management Journal 34, no. 3 (July 2021): 41–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/irmj.2021070103.

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The acme of this paper was to examine the QR code payment services adoption by retailers in Pakistan. An all-inclusive review of the literature and data analysis has justified the purpose to use this inventive technology. The study established that innovation diffusion theory (IDT) dimensions and convenience impacted the usefulness of QR code payment services which are well-thought-out critical antecedents of accepting future technologies. The inferences of this research work provide valuable acumens for banks, financial institutions, and the government to develop a platform about digital payment for the retailers, wholesalers, and the end consumers. Further, the study approves that QR code payment services will aid to advance the business operations in Pakistan in the COVID-19 pandemic.

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Ye, Pinghao, and Liqiong Liu. "Effects of Interactivity on Consumer Behavioral Intention in Mobile Social Commerce in China." Information Resources Management Journal 34, no. 3 (July 2021): 21–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/irmj.2021070102.

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The authors study the effects of perceived interactivity on consumer behavioral intention according to the characteristics of consumer behavior in mobile social commerce. Results indicate that the intensity of information interaction has significant and positive effects on the depth, breadth, and novelty of consumer recommendations and reviews. The intensity of interpersonal interaction has significant and positive effects on community-based trust and response intensity. Information interaction has significant and positive effects on interpersonal interaction and suggestion adoption. Findings also reveal the relationship between interactivity and consumer behavioral intention in mobile social commerce. The conclusions provide theoretical support for studying how these constructs interact with each other.