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Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Ions rapides"

Автор: Grafiati
Опубліковано: 23 вересня 2022
Оновлено: 5 листопада 2022

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Статті в журналах з теми "Ions rapides"

1

Bouffard, S. "Interaction ions lourds rapides - matière : transferts d'énergie et relaxation de la matière." Journal de Chimie Physique 91 (1994): 995–1004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/jcp/1994910995.

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2

Langer, Christoph, and Gesa Kapteina. "Testing the Bromide penetration resistance of concrete: substitution of NaCl by NaBr in Rapide Chloride/Bromide Migration Test (RCM/RBM)." MATEC Web of Conferences 364 (2022): 02022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/202236402022.

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The chloride migration coefficient of concrete describes the resistance of concrete against chloride ingress. This important material variable can be determined with the rapid chloride migration test (RCM). During the test, chloride ions penetrate concrete by means of an applied electrical field. If the concrete has already been exposed to chlorides before the test starts, the test set up has to be adapted to achieve reliable results. Due to repeated exposure to the same salt (e.g. NaCl), there is no direct possibility to distinguish the chloride ions from the test procedure and the exposure before this, within the initial test procedure. Therefore, the RCM-test setup has been adapted by replacing NaCl through NaBr in the same molar amount. Consequently, this adapted test setup is called the rapid bromide migration test (RBM). The indicator silver nitrate AgNO3 forms sparingly soluble silver salts (AgCl, AgBr) in the presence of halogen ions (e.g. Cl-, Br-), which form a white precipitate in areas with Cl- or Br- ions. The penetration depths are measured at two split cylinder halves. In case the RBM-specimen has previously been exposed to NaCl, an analyzation technique has to be available for the two elements Cl and Br to enable a differentiation. As the white precipitate areas - a result of the formation of AgCl and AgBr - have a quite similar visual appearance, a differentiation cannot be achieved and other analytical techniques have to be considered. With laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS), it is possible to determine the depth-dependent ion quantity (wt.-% of Cl or wt.-% of Br). In this study, it is shown by test results that it is possible to exchange NaCl by NaBr in the RCM test, since the penetration behavior of both ions (Cl-, Br-) is very similar in the migration test.
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3

Wang, Hai-Ning, Ping-Xiao Liu, He Chen, Ning Xu, Zi-Yan Zhou, and Shu-Ping Zhuo. "Tubular porous coordination polymer for the selective sensing of Cu2+ ions and cyclohexane in mixed suspensions of metal ions via fluorescence quenching." RSC Advances 5, no. 80 (2015): 65110–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5ra10336c.

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4

Spencer, A. J., L. A. Hawkey, A. LeFurgey, K. G. Dickman, L. J. Mandel, and P. Ingram. "Quantitative EPXMA imaging of rapidly frozen kidney proximal tubule primary cultures." Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America 48, no. 2 (August 12, 1990): 160–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0424820100134399.

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Анотація:
Understanding the role of elements/ions (particularly calcium) in processes such as cellular injury in the kidney requires not only assessment of total cell element and its cytoplasmic free ion, but also identification of the sites of release, uptake and binding of those ions/elements within the cells and correlation with physiological lesions such as changes in cell metabolism. Short term anoxia (40min) does not appear to alter Ca compartmentation in kidney proximal tubule cells. However, the effects of longer periods of anoxia and subsequent recovery have not been studied due to the lack of a suitable in vitro model. Quantitative electron probe x ray (EPXMA) imaging facilitates assessment of cell ultrastructure and measurement of total element with high lateral spatial resolution. We have therefore applied EPXMA imaging to a recently described preparation of primary kidney proximal tubule cultures, which retain the in vivo metabolic features of proximal tubules for longer periods of time in vitro.
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5

Bhowmick, Rahul, Abu Saleh Musha Islam, Atul Katarkar, Keya Chaudhuri, and Mahammad Ali. "Surfactant modulated aggregation induced enhancement of emission (AIEE)—a simple demonstration to maximize sensor activity." Analyst 141, no. 1 (2016): 225–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5an01916h.

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Анотація:
A rhodamine-based chemosensor, L3, selectively and rapidly recognizes Hg2+ ions in the presence of all biologically relevant metal ions and toxic heavy metals with a detection limit of 78 nM along with possessing cytoplasmic cell imaging applications.
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6

Zhang, J., M. H. Key, P. A. Norreys, C. Danson, D. Neely, S. J. Rose, F. Walsh, et al. "Characteristics of rapidly recombining plasmas suitable for high-gain X-ray laser action." Laser and Particle Beams 14, no. 1 (March 1996): 71–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263034600009770.

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Recombining plasmas produced by picosecond laser pulses are characterized by measuring ratio of intensities of resonance lines of H- and He-like ions in the plasmas. It is found that the rapidly recombining plasmas produced by picosecond laser pulses are suitable for highgain operation.
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7

Shih, Min-Hsiu, and Fu-Chin Huang. "Effects of Photodynamic Therapy on Rapidly Growing Nontuberculous Mycobacteria Keratitis." Investigative Opthalmology & Visual Science 52, no. 1 (January 5, 2011): 223. http://dx.doi.org/10.1167/iovs.10-5593.

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8

Petroll, W. Matthew, Mridula Vishwanath, and Lisha Ma. "Corneal Fibroblasts Respond Rapidly to Changes in Local Mechanical Stress." Investigative Opthalmology & Visual Science 45, no. 10 (October 1, 2004): 3466. http://dx.doi.org/10.1167/iovs.04-0361.

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9

Abeish, Abdulbasit M., H. Ming Ang, and Hussein Znad. "Role of ferric and ferrous ions in the enhancement of the heterogeneous solar photocatalytic degradation of combined mixture of chlorophenols." Water Science and Technology 72, no. 9 (July 17, 2015): 1561–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2015.374.

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The solar photocatalytic degradation of 4-chlorophenol (4-CP) and 2,4-dichlorophenol (2,4-DCP) was investigated individually and combined in the presence of Fe2+ and Fe3+ ions. The results revealed that both Fe2+ and Fe3+ ions enhanced the heterogeneous photocatalytic degradation. Fe3+ ions rapidly converted to Fe2+ ions as soon as the irradiation started. The intermediates formed during the degradation of 4-CP/2,4-DCP were also monitored and identified. Three main intermediates were observed, hydroquinone, phenol, and 4-chlorocatechol with traces of benzoquinone. The results support a new trend of research by utilising other cheap iron ion sources in the photocatalytic degradation.
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10

Hsieh, Min-Ying, and Po-Jung Huang. "Magnetic nanoprobes for rapid detection of copper ion in aqueous environment by surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy." RSC Advances 12, no. 2 (2022): 921–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1ra07482b.

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Більше джерел

Дисертації з теми "Ions rapides"

1

Floquet, Vincent. "Génération d’ions rapides par impulsions laser ultra intenses et ultra courtes." Thesis, Paris 11, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA112269/document.

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Анотація:
Pour accélérer des ions/protons il est possible d'utiliser une impulsion laser de courte durée temporelle (quelques dizaines de femtosecondes) focalisée sur quelques micromètres sur une cible solide (aluminium, carbone, plastique...). L'intensité du champ électromagnétique atteinte sur cible (> 1018 W.cm-2) nous permet de former un plasma chaud et dense. La dynamique des électrons de ce plasma génère des champs électriques intenses aux interfaces plasma-vide par séparation de charge. Ce champ électrique est alors responsable de l'accélération des ions situés sur la couche superficielle des cibles où se sont déposés des polluants organiques (dont des protons). Ce mécanisme d'accélération connu sous le nom de Target Normal Sheath Acceleration (TNSA), a constitué l'objet des travaux exposés dans cette thèse.Nos efforts au cours des différentes campagnes expérimentales se sont concentrés sur l'augmentation de l'énergie maximale des protons. En effet, les applications potentielles des particules de hautes énergies requièrent des énergies de l'ordre de la centaine de MeV. Pour ce faire, nous avons étudié différentes configurations permettant l'augmentation du couplage entre une impulsion laser et un plasma, ceci afin de transmettre avec le meilleur rendement possible, l'énergie du laser aux ions accélérés. C'est principalement en utilisant des configurations particulières de cibles (cibles avec microsphères, réseaux, cibles en mousses) que nous avons procédé. Des expériences utilisant une pré-impulsion comme contrôle de l'expansion du plasma ont également été réalisée. Du point de vue des applications et utilisations des ions accélérés, une étude des matériaux de fluorescence (CdWO4) a été menée dont le but était d'explorer le dépôt d'énergie des ions dans la matière, à des débits de flux jusqu'alors inaccessible avec les accélérateurs conventionnels
Accelerating ions/protons can be done using short laser pulse (few femtoseconds) focused on few micrometers area on solid target (carbon, aluminum, plastic...). The electromagnetic field intensity reached on target (1019 W.cm-2) allows us to turn the solid into a hot dense plasma. The dynamic motion of the electrons is responsible for the creation of intense static electric field at the plasma boundaries. These electric fields accelerate organic pollutants (including protons) located at the boundaries. This acceleration mechanism known as the Target Normal Sheath Acceleration (TNSA) has been the topic of the research presented in this thesis.The goal of this work has been to study the acceleration mechanism and to increase the maximal ion energy achievable. Indeed, societal application such as proton therapy requires proton energy up to few hundreds of MeV. To proceed, we have studied different target configurations allowing us to increase the laser plasma coupling and to transfer as much energy as possible to ions (target with microspheres deposit, foam target, grating). Different experiments have also dealt with generating a pre-plasma on the target surface thanks to a pre-pulse. On the application side, fluorescent material such as CdWO4 has been studied under high flux rate of protons. These high flux rates have been, up to now, beyond the conventional accelerators capabilities
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2

Salvetat, Jean-Paul. "Transition isolant-conducteur dans le polyimide Kapton irradié par des ions lourds rapides." Lyon 1, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995LYO19003.

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Des films minces de polyimide kapton-h ont ete irradies, sous vide, par des ions lourds rapides en regime d'excitations electroniques. Des mesures de conductivite continue et alternative, et de resonance paramagnetique electronique en mode continu, ont mis en evidence une transition isolant-conducteur, se deroulant en quatre etapes. Dans un premier temps, a faible fluence, l'endommagement est concentre dans les traces latentes des ions. Un grand nombre de defauts paramagnetiques est cree. La trace est un milieu moleculaire desordonne, ou la diffusion des spins et des charges reste tres localisee. Son volume est approximativement proportionnel au carre du pouvoir d'arret electronique. Dans la deuxieme etape, un semi-conducteur covalent amorphe, dope par des defauts d'irradiation, est progressivement cree par recouvrement des traces. La conductivite est ohmique a champ faible, suit une loi d'arrhenius en fonction de la temperature, et la dependance en champ fort est de type poole-frenkel. Des amas carbones conjugues se forment egalement sous irradiation dans la matrice degradee. A partir d'une concentration critique, la conduction s'effectue par saut entre les amas conjugues. Les interactions coulombiennes entre les electrons jouent alors un role determinant dans le processus de conduction. Lorsque les liaisons conjuguees s'etendent a l'ensemble du solide, on obtient un bon conducteur desordonne, dont les caracteristiques sont proches d'un polyacetylene fortement dope ou d'un carbone vitreux. L'hypothese de la formation d'un graphite polycristallin est ici exclue. Comme dans de nombreux systemes carbones, riches en liaisons conjuguees, l'oxygene de l'air a un effet important sur la conductivite et le paramagnetisme. On observe notamment une diminution de la densite de spins, et de la conductivite, sous air ou sous oxygene. Cet effet, rarement evoque dans les precedents travaux d'irradiation, est utilise ici comme sonde de la dynamique de spin et de charges
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3

Meftah, Ali. "Dommage induit par les ions lourds rapides dans les isolants par dépôt d'énergie électronique /." Gif-sur-Yvette : Service de documentation et d'édition multi-média, Commissariat à l'énergie atomique, 1994. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb357143337.

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4

Meftah, Ali. "Dommage induit par les ions lourds rapides dans les isolants par dépôt d'énergie électronique." Caen, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993CAEN2042.

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Анотація:
Les ions lourds rapides d'énergie supérieure à 100 kev/u. M. A. , en pénétrant dans la matière, déposent leur énergie essentiellement par interaction avec les électrons de la cible. Dans les isolants, ce dépôt conduit, au-dessus d'une valeur critique (quelques kevpar angstrom de parcours) à la formation de traces latentes. Le mécanisme de création de la trace latente n'est pas encore élucidé. Dans ce travail, nous avons étudié les défauts formés par des ions rapides dans les isolants magnétiques et le quartz. La spectrométrie Mossbauer en transmission, la rétrodiffusion Rutherford en canalisation et la microscopie électronique haute et moyenne résolution ont été utilisées pour mesurer l'étendue du dommage et déduire les rayons des traces latentes. L'analyse des résultats expérimentaux a permis de déterminer le seuil de création de défauts par dépôt d'énergie électronique dans le grenat d'yttrium-fer et de mettre en évidence un effet de vitesse. En effet jusqu'à présent, l'endommagement a toujours été corrélé à la valeur du dépôt d'énergie électronique linéique de/dx indépendamment de la distribution radiale de l'énergie autour du trajet de l'ion. Or, il est possible d'obtenir une valeur unique de de/dx pour un même ion à deux énergies ou pour différents ions avec d'autres valeurs de l'énergie incidente. Les résultats montrent bien que pour un même de/dx, l'endommagement est d'autant plus efficace que la vitesse de l'ion est plus faible. En conséquence, le pouvoir d'arrêt ne peut être le seul paramètre dans la création de défauts. Un calcul théorique du modèle de la pointe thermique a été appliqué au quartz pour retrouver les rayons de traces déduits des expériences en tenant compte de cet effet de vitesse
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5

Xiang, Yang. "Interaction d'atomes /ions hydrogène rapides (keV) avec des surfaces : diffraction et formation d'ions négatifs." Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00863479.

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Анотація:
Le travail de cette thèse porte sur l'étude expérimentale de la diffusion d'atomes d'hydrogène sur des surfaces et sous incidence rasante. L'énergie des atomes et des ions varie de quelques centaines d'eV à quelques keV, tandis que les surfaces étudiées sont des isolants et des semi-métaux. En particulier on a étudié la formation de l'ion H- sur du graphite pyrolytique dit HOPG (highly oriented pyrolytic graphite) et sur une surface de LiF(001). Pour ce dernier système, nous avons étudié en détail la diffraction d'atomes H° et d'ions H+. Ces expériences ont été réalisées sur un montage expérimental utilisant un faisceau pulsé et permettant de détecter en coïncidence les particules diffusées et les électrons secondaires. L'ensemble permet de connaître la charge finale de la particule diffusée, sa perte d'énergie, son angle de diffusion, le tout en corrélation avec la statistique et l'énergie des électrons émis.Le résultat de ce travail a révélé que la diffraction persiste dans le régime inélastique. En effet, nous observons un motif de diffraction après la neutralisation de proton sur la surface de LiF(001). Un modèle est proposé pour expliquer ces résultats qui semblent en contradiction avec ceux publiés par le groupe de H. Winter sur la diffraction d'atomes d'hydrogène sur cette même surface. Concernant la formation d'ion négatif sur HOPG, nous avons mis en évidence un taux de H- (~10%) sur une surface propre. C'est le plus haut taux de H- jamais observé avec ce type d'expérience en incidence rasante. C'est encore plus élevé qu'avec des isolants ioniques, ces derniers donnant un taux déjà 10 fois plus grand que celui observé sur métaux propres. Ces résultats confirment l'efficacité du graphite à convertir des ions et des atomes en ions négatifs. En exploitant les données fournies par la technique des coïncidences, nous avons pu élucider le mécanisme à l'œuvre dans cette conversion. Du fait de la structure électronique particulière de HOPG, avec une bande interdite projetée dans la direction Gamma, seuls les électrons localisés sigma contribuent à la formation de l'ion négatif, donnant au HOPG un caractère isolant du point de vue de la capture électronique. Les électrons pi contribuant de manière efficace à la perte d'énergie par collisions binaires, donnant de ce point de vue au HOPG son caractère métallique.
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6

Xiang, Yang. "Interaction d’atomes /ions hydrogène rapides (keV) avec des surfaces : diffraction et formation d’ions négatifs." Thesis, Paris 11, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA112161/document.

Повний текст джерела
Анотація:
Le travail de cette thèse porte sur l’étude expérimentale de la diffusion d’atomes d’hydrogène sur des surfaces et sous incidence rasante. L’énergie des atomes et des ions varie de quelques centaines d’eV à quelques keV, tandis que les surfaces étudiées sont des isolants et des semi-métaux. En particulier on a étudié la formation de l’ion H- sur du graphite pyrolytique dit HOPG (highly oriented pyrolytic graphite) et sur une surface de LiF(001). Pour ce dernier système, nous avons étudié en détail la diffraction d’atomes H° et d’ions H+. Ces expériences ont été réalisées sur un montage expérimental utilisant un faisceau pulsé et permettant de détecter en coïncidence les particules diffusées et les électrons secondaires. L’ensemble permet de connaître la charge finale de la particule diffusée, sa perte d’énergie, son angle de diffusion, le tout en corrélation avec la statistique et l’énergie des électrons émis.Le résultat de ce travail a révélé que la diffraction persiste dans le régime inélastique. En effet, nous observons un motif de diffraction après la neutralisation de proton sur la surface de LiF(001). Un modèle est proposé pour expliquer ces résultats qui semblent en contradiction avec ceux publiés par le groupe de H. Winter sur la diffraction d’atomes d’hydrogène sur cette même surface. Concernant la formation d’ion négatif sur HOPG, nous avons mis en évidence un taux de H- (~10%) sur une surface propre. C’est le plus haut taux de H- jamais observé avec ce type d’expérience en incidence rasante. C’est encore plus élevé qu’avec des isolants ioniques, ces derniers donnant un taux déjà 10 fois plus grand que celui observé sur métaux propres. Ces résultats confirment l’efficacité du graphite à convertir des ions et des atomes en ions négatifs. En exploitant les données fournies par la technique des coïncidences, nous avons pu élucider le mécanisme à l’œuvre dans cette conversion. Du fait de la structure électronique particulière de HOPG, avec une bande interdite projetée dans la direction Gamma, seuls les électrons localisés sigma contribuent à la formation de l’ion négatif, donnant au HOPG un caractère isolant du point de vue de la capture électronique. Les électrons pi contribuant de manière efficace à la perte d’énergie par collisions binaires, donnant de ce point de vue au HOPG son caractère métallique
In this thesis, we have investigated experimentally the scattering of hydrogen atoms and ions on solid surfaces at grazing incidence. The projectile energy ranges from several hundred eV to few keV. The formation of H- ions is studied on highly oriented pyrolytic graphite (HOPG) surface; and surface diffraction is carried out on LiF(001) surface with H° and H+ particle scattering. Both experiments were performed in the same experimental setup (see Figure 1.2 and 2.1)—with grazing scattering geometry and a PSD (position sensitive detector) located downstream to record scattered particles. For charge state analysis a set of electrostatic plates is inserted between sample and PSD. During the experiment, coincident measurement technique is used to identify the energy loss associated to 0, 1, 2…electrons emission. Clear evidence of diffraction with inelastic scattering by proton on LiF(001) has been obtained, which has not been observed before. Indeed, the group of H. Winter reported that no diffraction exists with inelastic scattering of H° on LiF(001). However, according to our result, a coherence scattering factor still exists even though the electron capture by the proton is an inelastic process. For negative ion formation on HOPG surface, we report here the highest fraction of H- (~10%) measured in grazing scattering experiments; it is larger than those obtained on ionic insulators, the latter being typically 10 times larger than those measured on clean metals. These results confirm the high yields of negative hydrogen ions from graphite reported in the literature. Electron emission and energy loss of scattered beam have also been deciphered via coincidence measurement. Due to the special structure of HOPG, two kinds of electron emissions (σ and π-band electron) and energy losses (cycles and metal-like energy loss) have been measured. Furthermore, the total electron emission on HOPG with insulator-like behavior and total energy loss with metal-like are the most representative property of HOPG which have been first presented in this thesis
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7

Jung, Matthias. "Etude de l'emission electronique de cibles de carbone irradiees par des ions lourds rapides." Caen, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997CAEN2007.

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Анотація:
Nous avons mesure les rendements d'emission electronique vers l'avant et vers l'arriere de cibles minces de carbone soumises a un bombardement d'ions lourds rapides, en fonction de l'epaisseur des cibles ainsi que du numero atomique et de l'energie des projectiles (6 zp 92 ; 3,7 ep 74 mev/u). Afin de caracteriser le transport d'electrons (et donc le transport de l'energie) dans le solide, nous avons analyse les rendements mesures dans le cadre du modele phenomenologique de sternglass. Comme la version initiale de ce modele ne permettait pas de decrire correctement l'evolution des rendements arriere en fonction de l'epaisseur, desaccord que nous avons attribue a la retrodiffusion d'electrons rapides declenchant des cascades d'electrons vers l'arriere, nous avons modifie le modele de facon a tenir compte de ce phenomene. Le modele modifie permet de decrire parfaitement l'evolution des rendements et constitue un outil puissant pour la comparaison et l'estimation des rendements electroniques induits par une grande variete d'ions d'energie et de numero atomique differents. Nous avons mis en evidence une anisotropie importante dans le comportement des rendements avant et arriere en fonction du numero atomique et de l'energie des projectiles. Celle-ci traduit l'evolution de la distribution en angle et en energie des electrons au moment de leur liberation dans le solide en fonction de ces parametres et a pour consequence le fait que dans le cas des ions lourds les rendements electroniques ne varient pas comme le pouvoir d'arret, contrairement a ce qui est observe dans une tres grande gamme d'energie pour des protons. Nous avons enfin concu, realise, mis au point et teste un nouveau dispositif de spectroscopie d'electrons sous ultravide qui permettra d'aboutir a une connaissance plus precise de l'emission electronique ainsi qu'a une meilleure comprehension de l'interaction des ions lourds rapides avec la matiere.
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8

Floquet, Vincent. "Génération d'ions rapides par impulsions laser ultra intenses et ultra courtes." Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00755702.

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Pour accélérer des ions/protons il est possible d'utiliser une impulsion laser de courte durée temporelle (quelques dizaines de femtosecondes) focalisée sur quelques micromètres sur une cible solide (aluminium, carbone, plastique...). L'intensité du champ électromagnétique atteinte sur cible (> 1018 W.cm-2) nous permet de former un plasma chaud et dense. La dynamique des électrons de ce plasma génère des champs électriques intenses aux interfaces plasma-vide par séparation de charge. Ce champ électrique est alors responsable de l'accélération des ions situés sur la couche superficielle des cibles où se sont déposés des polluants organiques (dont des protons). Ce mécanisme d'accélération connu sous le nom de Target Normal Sheath Acceleration (TNSA), a constitué l'objet des travaux exposés dans cette thèse.Nos efforts au cours des différentes campagnes expérimentales se sont concentrés sur l'augmentation de l'énergie maximale des protons. En effet, les applications potentielles des particules de hautes énergies requièrent des énergies de l'ordre de la centaine de MeV. Pour ce faire, nous avons étudié différentes configurations permettant l'augmentation du couplage entre une impulsion laser et un plasma, ceci afin de transmettre avec le meilleur rendement possible, l'énergie du laser aux ions accélérés. C'est principalement en utilisant des configurations particulières de cibles (cibles avec microsphères, réseaux, cibles en mousses) que nous avons procédé. Des expériences utilisant une pré-impulsion comme contrôle de l'expansion du plasma ont également été réalisée. Du point de vue des applications et utilisations des ions accélérés, une étude des matériaux de fluorescence (CdWO4) a été menée dont le but était d'explorer le dépôt d'énergie des ions dans la matière, à des débits de flux jusqu'alors inaccessible avec les accélérateurs conventionnels.
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9

Ouaskit, Saïd. "Recherche d'effets de sillage sur la charge de fragments issus de la dissociation dans une feuille mince d'ions moléculaires rapides." Lyon 1, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986LYO10036.

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Etude de la propagation des fragments formes dans la feuille mince sous l'influence de l'interaction des ions avec le milieu, de leur repulsion coulombienne mutuelle et des effets de sillage electronique derriere chaque ion: lorsque les particules chargees se deplacent avec une vitesse superieure a la vitesse de fermi de la cible solide, les electrons de la cible tendent a faire ecran sur la charge des ions et une densite de charge oscillatoire (stationnaire dans le referentiel du projectile) accompagne l'ion. Etude experimentale par l'analyse de la composante neutre h emergeant a o**(o) d'une feuille de c apres bombardement par des ions moleculaires heh**(+) et nh**(+) de 100 kev/mna: les oscillations ne sont pas mises en evidence, mais le rendement en atomes h est superieur a ce que l'on attendait, quand l'ion incident est aligne avec la direction du faisceau
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10

Koumeir, Charbel. "Étude de la pulvérisation ionique de surface d'un cristal de Ge sous impact d'ions lourds rapides en condition de canalisation." Lyon 1, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/docs/00/40/78/22/PDF/These.pdf.

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Nous avons effectué une expérience au GANIL avec un faisceau d'ions Pb72+ et Pb56+ à 29 MeV/u et Pb28+ à 6,5 MeV/u. Nous avons observé la pulvérisation d'ions positifs à l'entrée d'un cristal de germanium mince en fonction de la charge incidente et en fonction de la perte d'énergie des ions transmis. Nous avons trouvé que la pulvérisation est essentiellement formée des ions qui viennent de la couche d'impuretés en surface et de la fragmentation des grandes espèces émises. Pour un dépôt d'énergie donné sous la couche amorphe, la dépendance de la multiplicité avec la charge q est en qn avec n3. La dépendance des rendements avec la charge est en qn, où n varie entre 2 et 6 selon l'espèce émise. Pour une charge incidente donnée, nous avons observé des effets différentiels, en fonction de la perte d'énergie dans le cristal, sur les multiplicités, sur les rendements, ainsi que sur la probabilité de la fragmentation. L'intensité de ces effets est presque constante pour l'ensemble des espèces émises dans le cas à haute énergie. A basse énergie, cet effet varie d'une espèce à une autre, et, globalement, il est plus fort qu'à haute énergie. Ces effets sont liés à la fois à la profondeur d'émission de chaque espèce, et à la densité du dépôt d'énergie autour de la trajectoire de l'ion sous la couche amorphe. A travers des simulations effectuées à haute énergie, nous avons trouvé que les effets différentiels sur la multiplicité sont moins forts en fonction de la perte d'énergie des ions à l'entrée du cristal qu'en fonction de leur perte d'énergie dans le cristal
We have performed an experiment at GANIL with a beam of Pb72+ and Pb56+ ions at 29 MeV/u and Pb28+ at 6,5 MeV/u. We observed the sputtering of positive ions at the entrance of a thin germanium crystal as a function of the incident charge and of the energy loss of the transmitted ions. We found that the sputtering is composed mainly of ions which come from the surface impurity layers, and from the fragmentation of large species. For an energy deposition below the amorphous layer, the dependence of the multiplicity on the charge q is qn where n3. The dependence of the yields on the charge is qn, where n varies between 2 and 6 depending on the emitted species. For a particular incident charge, we observed differential effects with the energy loss in the crystal, for the multiplicities, the yields and the fragmentation probability. The intensity of these effects is almost constant for all species issued in the case of the high energy beam. At low energy, this effect varies from one species to another, and, in the average, it is stronger than at high energy. These effects are related both to the emission depth for each species and to the density of energy deposition around the ion path below the amorphous layer. By means of simulations performed for the high energy case, we found that the differential effect on the multiplicity is weaker as a function of ion energy loss at the entrance of the crystal than as a function of their energy loss in the crystal
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Книги з теми "Ions rapides"

1

Jacobs, Paul F. Rapid prototyping & manufacturing: Fundamentals of stereolithography. Dearborn, MI: Society of Manufacturing Engineers in cooperation with the Computer and Automated Systems Association of SME, 1992.

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2

Rock, Brian A. Rapid evaluation of ion thruster lifetime using optical emission spectroscopy. [Washington, DC]: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1985.

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3

Stereolithography and other RP&M technologies: From rapid prototyping to rapid tooling. Dearborn, Mich: Society of Manufacturing Engineers in cooperation with the Rapid Prototyping Association of SME, 1996.

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4

J, Froisland L., and Petersen A. E, eds. Rapid separation of heavy rare-earth elements. [Washington, D.C.?]: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, Bureau of Mines, 1995.

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5

Rapid prototyping & manufacturing: Fundamentals of stereolithography. Dearborn, MI: Society of Manufacturing Engineers in cooperation with the Computer and Automated Systems Association of SME, 1992.

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6

Jacobs, Paul F. Rapid Prototyping & Manufacturing: Fundamentals of Stereolithography. Mcgraw-Hill (Tx), 1993.

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7

Heine, Christopher L. Malignant Hyperthermia. Edited by Matthew D. McEvoy and Cory M. Furse. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190226459.003.0025.

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In this chapter we discuss the pathophysiology of malignant hyperthermia, identify those who are known to be susceptible to MH, delineate how best to prepare the operating for those patients, and provide step by step treatment recommendations for patients that develop MH. Malignant hyperthermia (MH) is a pharmacogenetic disease. When susceptible individuals are exposed to a triggering agent, a hypermetabolic response develops. Succinylcholine and halogenated, inhaled anesthetics are triggers of MH. The MH reaction is initiated by a rapid influx of calcium ions into the myoplasm that triggers uncontrolled muscle contraction. Prompt recognition and treatment of the reaction is critical to a successful outcome.
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8

Krywawych, Steve. Metabolic Acidosis. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199972135.003.0081.

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Hydrogen ion turnover in resting adults exceeds 500 mole/24 hours and maintenance of hydrogen ion balance is an essential requirement for normal cellular, organ and body function. A variety of mechanisms co-operate to ensure that the hydrogen concentration in plasma can be tightly controlled between 35 to 46 nano moles per litre and any deviation being rapidly compensated. Inherited metabolic diseases can to a variable degree impact to disturb this equilibrium. The underlying causes responsible for this outcome are disease dependent and may occur due to generation of overwhelming quantities of hydrogen per se, or at the level of renal reabsorption or generation of bicarbonate or due to tissue hypoxia resulting from either poor pulmonary or cardiac function.
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9

Hopkins, Philip M. Neuromuscular physiology in anaesthetic practice. Edited by Jonathan G. Hardman. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199642045.003.0007.

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The pharmacological interventions that constitute general anaesthesia are targeted at producing unconsciousness and an immobile patient even in response to noxious stimuli. Surgical anaesthesia also requires skeletal muscle relaxation, the degree of which depends on the site and nature of the surgical procedure. The anaesthetist therefore needs an advanced level of knowledge and understanding of the function of nerves, synapses, and muscle in order to understand, from first principles, how the drugs they use every day mediate their effects. Nerves and muscle cells are termed excitable cells because the electrical potential across their cell membranes (membrane potential) can be rapidly and profoundly altered because of the presence of specialized ion channels. Some drugs, such as local anaesthetics, act on ion channels involved in nerve conduction while many others act on synaptic transmission, the neurochemical communication between neurons or between a neuron and its effector organ. The neuromuscular junction is a synapse of specific interest to anaesthetists because it is the site of action of neuromuscular blocking drugs. This chapter covers the fundamentals of cellular electrophysiology, structure and function of key ion channels, and the physiology of nerves, synapses, and skeletal muscle.
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10

K, Nichols Donald, and Jet Propulsion Laboratory (U.S.), eds. Use of a krypton isotope for rapid ion changeover at the Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory 88-inch cyclotron. Pasadena, Calif: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, 1990.

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Частини книг з теми "Ions rapides"

1

Vasilyev, V., V. Pershenkov, V. Belyakov, N. Samotaev, A. Golovin, E. Malkin, E. Gromov, et al. "Ion Mobility Spectrometer for Rapid Simultaneous Detection of Positive and Negative Ions." In 3rd International Conference on Nanotechnologies and Biomedical Engineering, 515–19. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-287-736-9_121.

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2

Dudel, J., C. Franke, and H. Hatt. "Rapid Activation and Desensitization of Transmitter-Liganded Receptor Channels by Pulses of Agonists." In Ion Channels, 207–60. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-3328-3_8.

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3

Jaramillo, Fernán, J. Howard, and A. J. Hudspeth. "Calcium Ions Promote Rapid Mechanically Evoked Movements of Hair Bundles." In Lecture Notes in Biomathematics, 26–33. New York, NY: Springer New York, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-4341-8_4.

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4

Wu, C. S., D. Winske, and J. D. Gaffey. "Rapid Pickup of Cometary Ions Due to Strong Magnetic Turbulence." In Special Publications, 865–68. Washington, D.C.: American Geophysical Union, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/sp027p0041.

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5

Abou Chahine, Ramzi, Dongjae Kwon, Chungman Lim, Gunhyuk Park, and Hasti Seifi. "Vibrotactile Similarity Perception in Crowdsourced and Lab Studies." In Haptics: Science, Technology, Applications, 255–63. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-06249-0_29.

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AbstractCrowdsourcing can enable rapid data collection for haptics research, yet little is known about its validity in comparison to controlled lab experiments. Furthermore, no data exists on how different smartphone platforms impact the crowdsourcing results. To answer these questions, we conducted four vibrotactile (VT) similarity perception studies on iOS and Android smartphones in the lab and through Amazon Mechanical Turk (MTurk). Participants rated the pairwise similarities of 14 rhythmic VT patterns on their smartphones or a lab device. The similarity ratings from the lab and MTurk experiments suggested a very strong correlation for iOS devices ($$r_s= 0.9$$ r s = 0.9 ) and a lower but still strong correlation for Android phones ($$r_s= 0.68$$ r s = 0.68 ). In addition, we found a stronger correlation between the crowdsourced iOS and Android ratings ($$r_s=0.78$$ r s = 0.78 ) compared to the correlation between the iOS and Android data in the lab ($$r_s= 0.65$$ r s = 0.65 ). We provide further insights into these correlations using the perceptual spaces obtained from the four datasets. Our results provide preliminary evidence for the validity of crowdsourced VT similarity studies, especially on iOS devices.
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6

Sealy, B. J. "Rapid Thermal Annealing of Ion Implanted Semiconductors." In Nuclear Physics Applications on Materials Science, 215–38. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-2800-8_11.

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7

Aellig, Matthias R., Alan J. Lazarus, Justin C. Kasper, and Keith W. Ogilvie. "Rapid Measurements of Solar Wind Ions with the Triana Plasmag Faraday Cup." In Physics of Space: Growth Points and Problems, 305–7. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-010-0904-1_37.

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8

Zong, Q. G., T. A. Fritz, B. Wilken, and P. Daly. "Energetic ions in the high latitude boundary layer of the magnetosphere—Rapid/Cluster observation." In Earth's Low-Latitude Boundary Layer, 101–10. Washington, D. C.: American Geophysical Union, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/133gm10.

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9

Hasegawa, Isao, and Sumio Sakka. "Silicate Species with Cagelike Structure in Solutions and Rapid Solidification with Organic Quaternary Ammonium Ions." In ACS Symposium Series, 140–51. Washington, DC: American Chemical Society, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-1989-0398.ch010.

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10

Takahashi, Yasuo, Noriyuki Inoue, Seiichiro Takagi, Takashi Sudo, Kageyoshi Sakamoto, Toshio Suzuki, Toshio Shima, and Yoshitake Nishi. "Rapid Rate of He Ion Etching for the High Tc YBa2Cu3O7-y." In Advances in Superconductivity IV, 295–97. Tokyo: Springer Japan, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-68195-3_61.

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Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Ions rapides"

1

Schlitz, Daniel J., Suresh V. Garimella, and Timothy S. Fisher. "Numerical Simulation of Microscale Ion-Driven Air Flow." In ASME 2003 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2003-41316.

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Ion-driven air flow is a novel method of pumping air at microscale dimensions using the concept of ion drag. The method employs a series of micro-fabricated electrodes to generate strong electric fields that pump unipolar ions through air. Ions collide repeatedly with neutral molecules, thus generating bulk motion of the gas. Meso-scale motion is obtained by changing the voltage of electrodes rapidly over time to create a nearly continuous force on the ions. One application of this technology involves generation of air flow through microchannels or other micro-featured surfaces to create compact, high flux heat sinks for electronics cooling. A numerical model of the fluid-ion-electric field interaction has been developed. The momentum and continuity equations are supplemented with equations for electric charge transport and for electric potential. The momentum equations are coupled through a body-force term to the charge transport and electric field equations, both of which are coupled to the momentum equations and to each other through source and convection terms. The model describes the one-dimensional, time-dependent flow of air and ions between evenly spaced microscale planar electrodes, of which the voltages are switched at frequencies on the order of 1 MHz. The flow is investigated to determine the effect of switching frequency on maximum velocity and pressure head.
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2

Zhao, Chen, Guowei Zhong, Da-Eun Kim, Jinxia Liu, and Xinyu Liu. "A Portable Analytical System for Colorimetric Detection of Metal Ions in Water." In ASME 2014 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2014-38994.

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Heavy metal ions released into various water environments have severe impact on both human beings and aqueous environments, and excess amount of lead and aluminum ions pose high risks to human health and could cause life-threatened diseases. The existence of metal ions in drinking water contributes most to the daily intake by humans, and thus it urges to develop a rapid, low-cost and sensitive method for detection of heavy metal ions. In this research, we develop a portable analytical system for metal ion detection in water by combining a powerful gold nanoparticle (AuNP) based colorimetric method with lab-on-a-chip technology. We utilize single-step assays involving surface functionalized AuNPs for colorimetric detection of lead (Pb2+) and aluminum (Al3+) ions in water with low limit of detection (LOD) and high sensitivity. We demonstrate that this portable system provides LODs of 30 ppb for Pb2+ and 89 ppb for Al3+, both comparable to bench-top analytical spectrometers. The system permits metal ion detections in a more economical and convenient fashion, and is particularly useful for water quality monitoring in remote and/or resource-poor settings.
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3

Tawfik, Mena E., Shashwat Gupta, Aaron Stern, and F. J. Diez. "Transient Effects in High Power Electroosmotic Pumps." In ASME 2016 14th International Conference on Nanochannels, Microchannels, and Minichannels collocated with the ASME 2016 Heat Transfer Summer Conference and the ASME 2016 Fluids Engineering Division Summer Meeting. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icnmm2016-8077.

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On generating high electroosmotic flows in microfluidic pumps under applied DC voltage, the flow rate and the drawn current drop with time. When generating high electroosmotic flows using microfluidic pumps under applied DC voltage, the flow rate and current draw decrease with time. The electroosmotic (EO) pump efficiency decreases with time due to flow rate deterioration. In order to study the transient effect in EO pumps, the mass transport of ions in the membrane is investigated. Ions mass transport are affected by the membrane surface charge, ion diffusion, ion migration and flow convection. Many studies investigate the mass transport in ion selective membranes, micro-channels, and nano-channels without focus on the transient effects at high electric fields. In most of these studies, the Poisson-Nernst-Plank and the Naiver stokes equations are used to model the ion transport in electrokinetic devices. Without applying simplifying assumptions, these system of equations can be only solved numerically. A theoretical model, based on diffusion and ion migration, is developed to predict the current drop and experiments are conducted to verify this model. EO flow can be neglected when there is no membrane installed between the pump electrodes (electrochemical cell). The current drop is predicted under no flow conditions using the advection diffusion equation and it solved analytically using the Ogata and Banks solution. In order to predict the current drop in the EO pump under flow conditions, the Helmholtz-Smoluchowski equation is used to calculate the EO flow velocity. This equation holds under thin electrical double layer assumption and small zeta potential. The current drop has been calculated theoretically and compared with the experimental data. The ion screening and depletion at the electrodes result in increasing the EO pump total resistance and decrease the total current. The calculated current drop time scale has been found to be in the order of 100 seconds under no flow conditions. As flow rate increases, the flow rate contributes to the mass transport of ions (convection current) and screens the ions faster, leading to a decrease in the current drop time scale. On the other hand, by increasing the fluid molar concentration, the current drop is much slower as more ions are available and need more time to be depleted. The current drop time scale decreases rapidly as higher DC voltages are applied, leading to low efficiency. The ion transport can be limited by applying a pulse voltage waveform instead of DC voltage, leading to more stable flow rate, current and hence constant EO efficiency. The pulse voltage waveform allows the ions to diffuse back from high to low concentration regions during the off-time, preventing ion depletion and current drop.
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4

Hu, Chundong, Mingshan Wu, Yahong Xie, Jianglong Wei, and Ling Yu. "Analysis of the Effect of Beam Divergence Angle on Back-Streaming Electron Region in Ion Source for EAST-NBI." In 2017 25th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone25-67125.

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During the process of beam extraction in positive ion source under high voltage region, a large number of electrons are produced in the gaps of grids. After back-streaming acceleration, these electrons go back to arc chamber or impinge grids and heat electron dump or grids, which are harmful for the safety of ion source. Under the situation of poor beam extraction optics, a large part of the primary beam ions bombard the surface of suppressor grid. And this process produces a large number of electrons. Due to the huge extracted voltage, the secondary electron emission coefficient of the suppressor grid surface is also great, when beam ions bombard on it. As a result, the grids’ current grows. The curvature of ion emission surface and equipotential surface nearby are mainly connected to the perveance and plasma grid geometry. In order to optimize the beam performance of high current ion source and increase the mean arc efficiency, the plasma grid of accelerator is already replaced from circular cross section grid to diamond cross section grid. As a result, the shape of ion emission surface is only connected to the perveance. According the measurement of the current of suppressor grid and the calculation of the perveance of the corresponding shoot, we can analyze the effect of beam divergence angle on back-streaming electron. When the beam divergence angle increases, the number of back-streaming electrons increases rapidly, and grids current changes significantly, especially the current of gradient grid and suppressor grid. The results can guide the parameters operating on the ion source for EAST-NBI and find the reasonable operation interval of perveance and the best one to ensure the safety and stable running of the ion source, which has great significance on the development of long pulse, high power ion source.
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5

Mogi, Toshio, and Masataka Arai. "Investigation of Intermediate Products in Post-Catalytic Combustion Using an Ion Probe." In 2002 International Joint Power Generation Conference. ASMEDC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ijpgc2002-26160.

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The combustion phenomena of vaporizing spray in a catalyst and a post-catalyst flame were studied experimentally. This study is a part of the development of a catalytic combustor for a ceramic gas turbine engine. A palladium catalyst supported on the cordierite honeycomb monolith was used as a combustion catalyst. A premixture of air and kerosene vapor was introduced into the catalyst. The parabolic shaped flame, called a thermal combustion flame, which was supported on the catalyst, was formed even when the equivalence ratio of the mixture was less than stoichiometry. Intermediate products in the exhaust gas after the catalyst honeycomb were investigated using an ion probe. When the thermal flame appeared, ions were detected in the exhaust gas between the honeycomb and the flame. It was indicated that some reactive species were included in the exhaust gas. Even when the thermal flame did not appear, the ions were slightly detected in the exhaust gas. The concentration of the ions rapidly decreased a slight distance away from the honeycomb surface and increased in front of the thermal flame. When the equivalence ratio was increased, the ion concentration at the honeycomb surface increased. Furthermore, in order to investigate the effect of the mixing behavior of the vaporized fuel on post-catalytic combustion, the length of the mixing tube was changed. When the mixing of fuel was insufficient, the thermal flame appeared at a lower equivalence ratio than the more homogeneous mixing condition. However, regardless of the mixing length and equivalence ratios, the concentration of ions near the honeycomb surface was almost constantly at the onset conditions of the thermal combustion flames.
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6

Jarvis, P. M., D. A. J. Galvin, S. D. Blair, and C. N. McCollum. "HOW DOES CALCIUM ALGINATE ACHIEVE HAEMOSTASIS IN SURGERY?" In XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1643074.

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Calcium alginate (Kaltostat, Cair Ltd) is a new absorbable material for topical haemostasis in surgery. The possible mode of action, release of calcium ions in exchange for sodium was investigated in human blood.Calcium release was measured in 15 mg samples of calcium alginate placed in 20 ml of 0.9% saline, for intervals of 1, 3 or 10 minutes. To assess the effect on platelets, 3 mg of calcium alginate or surgical gauze were added to 5 ml of Heparinised (100 units) fresh blood for 2 minutes and platelet counts then made using plain blood as a control. Finally using a thrombelastograph, the activation of whole blood coagulation was assessed after a 2 minute contact with 3 mg of calcium alginate, surgical gauze or no additive as control.When calcium alginate was placed in saline, 26% of calcium ions were released in 1 minute giving a calcium ion concentration of 4.62 t 0.02 mmol/L, with only slight further release after 10 minutes to 4.82 ± 0.004 mmol/L. There was a corresponding decrease in sodium ion concentration. Adding calcium alginate to whole blood reduced the platelet count from a control value of 248 i 16 × 109/L to 222 f 15 × 109/L (p< 0.05) compared to 241 ± 15 × 109/L for surgical gauze. Similarly calcium alginate shortened whole blood coagulation time from 17-7 i 1.0 minutes control, to 12.9 ± 1-32 mins (p< 0.001) compared to 15.0 ± 1.5 mins (p< 0.02) for surgical gauze.Calcium alginate rapidly releases calcium ions in exchange for sodium on contact with blood stimulating both platelet activation and whole blood coagulation, significantly more than simple contact activation by surgical gauze.
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7

Wang, Yixu, and Hsiao-Ying Shadow Huang. "Comparison of Lithium-Ion Battery Cathode Materials and the Internal Stress Development." In ASME 2011 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2011-65663.

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The need for development and deployment of reliable and efficient energy storage devices, such as lithium-ion rechargeable batteries, is becoming increasingly important due to the scarcity of petroleum. Lithium-ion batteries operate via an electrochemical process in which lithium ions are shuttled between cathode and anode while electrons flowing through an external wire to form an electrical circuit. The study showed that the development of lithium-iron-phosphate (LiFePO4) batteries promises an alternative to conventional lithium-ion batteries, with their potential for high energy capacity and power density, improved safety, and reduced cost. However, current prototype LiFePO4 batteries have been reported to lose capacity over ∼3000 charge/discharge cycles or degrade rapidly under high discharging rate. In this study, we report that the mechanical and structural failures are attributed to dislocations formations. Analytical models and crystal visualizations provide details to further understand the stress development due to lithium movements during charging or discharging. This study contributes to the fundamental understanding of the mechanisms of capacity loss in lithium-ion battery materials and helps the design of better rechargeable batteries, and thus leads to economic and environmental benefits.
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8

Salaudeen, Ibraheem, Muhammad Rehan Hashmet, and Peyman Pourafshary. "Synergistic Effects of Engineered Water-Nanoparticle on Oil/Brine/Rock Interactions in Carbonates." In SPE Europec featured at 82nd EAGE Conference and Exhibition. SPE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/205150-ms.

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Abstract Nano particle-assisted engineered water is one of the newest hybrid methods of Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR) that is gaining attention in the oil and gas industry. This is attributed to the low cost of the technique and environmental friendliness of the materials involved. Low salinity and ions adjustment of the injection brine has been reported to be very useful for improving oil production in carbonates, and application of nanoparticles (NPs) to improve oil recovery via different mechanisms such as wettability alteration, interfacial tension reduction, disjoining pressure and viscosity modification. This paper therefore investigates the combined effects of these two techniques on oil-brine-rock (OBR) interactions in carbonate reservoirs. Caspian Sea Water salinity of 13000 ppm was synthesized in the laboratory, potential determining ions such as Mg2+, Ca2+ and SO42- were adjusted to obtain the desired engineered waters used as dispersant for SiO2 nanoparticle. A series of experiments were performed ranging from zeta potential, interfacial tension, contact angle, electron scanning environmental imaging, pH analysis and particle size to determine the optimum formulation of engineered low salinity brine and nanoparticle. The salinities and concentration of NP considered in this experimental study ranges between (3,250 - 40,000) ppm and (0.05 - 0.5) wt.%, respectively. It was observed that optimum homogenization time for achieving stability of the chosen nanofluid without using stabilizer is 45 minutes. Four times sulphate and calcium ions in the engineered water reduced the contact angle from 163 to 109 and 151 to 118 degrees respectively. However, in the presence of NP, the contact angle further reduced to a very low values of 5 and 41 degrees. This confirms the combined effects of EW and that of nanofluid (NF) in altering wettability from the hydrophobicity state to hydrophilicity one that rapidly improves oil recovery in carbonate reservoir. IFT measurements were made between oil and formation brine as well as between oil and different EWs at room temperature. The Formation water has the least value of interfacial tension- 15mN/m. Four times diluted sea water spiked with four times sulphate is denoted as 4dsw4S. The zeta potential values showed dsw4S-NF to be the most stable, whereas EW-NF spiked with 4 times Mg2+ show detrimental effects on NF stability. The nanoparticles sizes were measured to be less than 50 nm. Rheological studies of the EW-NF at different temperatures (25, 40, 60 and 80 degrees Celsius) shows similar trend of Newtonian and non-Newtonian behavior at shear rate less than 100 and above 100 per seconds respectively. We conclude that spiking calcium ion and sulphate ion into the injected brine in combination with 0.1wt% NP yielded the wettability alteration in carbonate rock samples. The significant reduction in wettability is attributed to the combined effects of the active mechanisms present in the hybrid method and is considerably better than each standalone technique.
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9

Rao, Mulpuri V. "Rapid thermal annealing of ion-implanted InP, InGaAs, and InSb." In Rapid thermal and Integrated Processing, edited by Mehrdad M. Moslehi, Rajendra Singh, and Dim-Lee Kwong. SPIE, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.56669.

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10

Srinivas, K., Shavva Naveen, and Kokku Nagaraju. "Constructed wetland (typha) and rapid sand filter for direct treatment of sewage." In SEVENTH INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON NEGATIVE IONS, BEAMS AND SOURCES (NIBS 2020). AIP Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0058099.

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Звіти організацій з теми "Ions rapides"

1

Ware, A. A. The rapid inward diffusion of cold ions in tokamaks and their effect on ion transport. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), October 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/5072560.

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2

Satogata T., E. Beebe, and S. Peggs. Ions in a Rapid Cycling Medical Synchrotron. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), May 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1061817.

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3

Zhang, Hong Lin, and D. H. Sampson. A rapid relativistic distorted wave approach for calculating cross sections for ionization of highly charged ions. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), October 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6506591.

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4

Buchheit, R. G., L. M. Maestas, D. C. McIntyre, R. W. Stinnett, and J. B. Greenly. Pulsed ion beam surface treatment for preparing rapidly solidified corrosion resistant steel and aluminum surfaces. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), March 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/28378.

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5

Renk, Timothy, Bob Turman, Donna Senft, Neil Sorensen, Regan Stinnett, John Greenly, Michael Thompson, and Rudolph Buchheit. Rapid Melt and Resolidification of Surface Layers Using Intense, Pulsed Ion Beams Final Report. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), October 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/703.

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6

Ofer, David, Leah Nation, Sharon Dalton-Castor, Brian Barnett, and Suresh Sriramulu. CAM-7/LTO Cells for Lithium-Ion Batteries with Rapid Charging Capability at Low Temperature. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, April 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada559887.

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7

Thériault, R. J., and W. J. Davis. Rapid extraction of Sr and Pb by ion-specific chromatography for thermal ionization mass spectrometry analysis. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/210358.

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8

Bossle, Paul C., and Michael W. Ellzy. Rapid Screening Technique for HT Mustard Breakdown Products in Aqueous Matrices Using Ion-Exclusion Chromatography with UV Detection. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, January 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada430362.

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9

Eddy-Dilek, C. A., J. Rossabi, and M. A. Keenan. The direct sampling ion trap mass spectrometer for the rapid analysis of volatile organic contaminants in groundwater samples. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), December 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10133543.

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10

Seletskiy, Sergei, A. Drees, A. Blednykh, G. Robert-Demolaize, T. Shrey, and M. Valette. Electron Ion Collider Machine Protection System: On the necessity of the MPS abort system for Rapid Cycling Synchrotron. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), July 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1828315.

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