Дисертації з теми "Iodine and Hydrogen iodide"
Оформте джерело за APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard та іншими стилями
Ознайомтеся з топ-42 дисертацій для дослідження на тему "Iodine and Hydrogen iodide".
Біля кожної праці в переліку літератури доступна кнопка «Додати до бібліографії». Скористайтеся нею – і ми автоматично оформимо бібліографічне посилання на обрану працю в потрібному вам стилі цитування: APA, MLA, «Гарвард», «Чикаго», «Ванкувер» тощо.
Також ви можете завантажити повний текст наукової публікації у форматі «.pdf» та прочитати онлайн анотацію до роботи, якщо відповідні параметри наявні в метаданих.
Переглядайте дисертації для різних дисциплін та оформлюйте правильно вашу бібліографію.
Suto, Kunihiro. "Coherent Control of Photoexcitation Processes of Hydrogen Iodide by Laser." 京都大学 (Kyoto University), 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/149784.
Повний текст джерелаMohd, Noraini. "Plantwide Control and Simulation of Sulfur-Iodine Thermochemical Cycle Process for Hydrogen Production." Thesis, Curtin University, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/70524.
Повний текст джерелаStone, Howard Brian James. "Thermochemical hydrogen production from the sulphur-iodine cycle powered by solar or nuclear sources." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2007. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/65716/.
Повний текст джерелаPlumridge, Jonathan. "Multielectron dissociation and ionization of small molecules probed by intense laser fields." Thesis, University of Reading, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.343322.
Повний текст джерелаMiu, Kevin (Kevin K. ). "The development of autocatalytic structural materials for use in the sulfur-iodine process for the production of hydrogen." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/36724.
Повний текст джерелаIncludes bibliographical references (p. 63).
The Sulfur-Iodine Cycle for the thermochemical production of hydrogen offers many benefits to traditional methods of hydrogen production. As opposed to steam methane reforming - the most prevalent method of hydrogen production today - there are no carbon dioxide emissions. Compared to other methods of hydrogen production, the efficiency of the cycle is excellent. Due to the high temperatures necessary for the cycle, which are generally greater than 8500C, several of the Generation IV nuclear reactor concepts are attractive thermal energy sources. However, the high temperature and corrosive reaction conditions of the cycle, involving reactions including the decomposition of H2SO4 at 400-9000C, present formidable corrosion challenges. The conversion of sulfuric acid to sulfur dioxide was the focus of this study. The alloying of structural materials to platinum has been proposed as a solution to this problem. A catalytic loop to test the materials was constructed. Sulfuric acid was pumped over the material at 903+20C. The sulfur dioxide production of the catalyst was measured as a means of quantifying the efficiency of the system as a function of temperature.
(cont.) The maximum possible production of the material was calculated by using a mass balance. A gas chromatograph was used to calculate the actual production of sulfur dioxide. The results of the experiment show that an molecular conversion efficiency of 10% is attained when operating at 900C while using 800H + 5%Pt as a catalyst. The research confirms the catalytic activity of the material.
by Kevin Miu.
S.B.
Davies, Bethany Ruth. "Hydrothermal Synthesis and Characterization of Fluorescent Carbon-Based Materials Produced by Hydrogen Peroxide Oxidation of Biochar." University of Dayton / OhioLINK, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=dayton1596977802365916.
Повний текст джерелаRodrigues, Moacyr Tadeu Vicente. "Análise microscópica e histométrica comparativa da aplicação de uma pasta à base de metronidazol e da irrigação com iodeto de sódio e peróxido de hidrogênio para o tratamento de alvéolos dentários infectados de ratos." Universidade de São Paulo, 2007. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/25/25132/tde-12092007-181441/.
Повний текст джерелаThe healing process in infected tooth sockets was evaluated after application of three types of treatment.: (1) surgical cleaning of the socket with alveolar curettes, saline solution irrigation and complete filling of the socket with a 10% metronidazole, 2% lidocaine, carboxymethylcelullose and mint as flavoring, (2) Single irrigation with 2% sodium iodide and 3% hydrogen peroxide solution (1:1) and (3) Daily irrigation, for three days, with 2% sodium iodide and 3% hydrogen peroxide solution (1:1). Seventy-five rats were randomly assigned to the following groups: Group I: Non-infected tooth socket (positive control group); Group II: Infected tooth socket without treatment; Group III: Infected tooth socket treated with single irrigation of 2% sodium iodide and 3% hydrogen peroxide solution (1:1); Group IV: Infected tooth socket treated daily, for three days, with irrigation of 2% sodium iodide and 3% hydrogen peroxide solution (1:1); Group V: Infected tooth socket treated with surgical cleaning of the socket with alveolar curettes, saline solution irrigation and complete filling of the socket with a 10% metronidazole, 2% lidocaine, carboxymethylcelullose and mint as flavoring. The rats were killed in number of five at each group after 6, 15 e 28 days of superior incisor extraction. The histological findings were measured by qualitative and quantitative methods. The results demostrated better results of tooth socket healing in treated groups. Based on the results it was possible to conclude that groups III, IV and V exhibited better conditions of alveolar healing, compared to group II, although significant difference was observed with group I. Group V showed the best results in bone formation at 15 and 28 days, consisting in an interesting option for dry socket treatment.
Le, Breton Michael Robert. "Airborne measurements of trace gases using a Chemical Ionisation Mass Spectrometer (CIMS) onboard the FAAM BAe-146 research aircraft." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2013. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/airborne-measurements-of-trace-gases-using-a-chemical-ionisation-mass-spectrometer-cims-onboard-the-faam-bae146-research-aircraft(84308915-6dae-46d8-acb6-f189683e3e6d).html.
Повний текст джерелаGuido-Garcia, Fabiola. "The biogeochemistry of iodine." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2016. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/the-biogeochemistry-of-iodine(031a6229-1a96-4068-9764-8291bafb0cad).html.
Повний текст джерелаNacapricha, Duangjai. "The trapping of radioiodine in the form of methyl iodide, on charcoal impregnated with potassium iodide." Thesis, Liverpool John Moores University, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.261338.
Повний текст джерелаMaida, Susan Marie 1959. "The value of iodide as a geochemical indicator of sources of salinity in groundwater." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/277039.
Повний текст джерелаFisher, Christopher John. "Structure and surface reactions of iodine and cadmium iodide on fcc(111) metal surfaces." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 1999. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/13744/.
Повний текст джерелаNorberg, Daniel. "Quantum Chemical Studies of Radical Cation Rearrangement, Radical Carbonylation, and Homolytic Substitution Reactions." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala : Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-8178.
Повний текст джерелаTheiss, Frederick L. "Removal of iodine using LDH technology." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2016. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/100206/11/Frederick_Theiss_Thesis.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаDeMeo, Stephen. "Investigating chemical change in the laboratory : a curriculum resource for introductory chemistry teachers based on the synthesis, decomposition and analysis of zinc iodide /." Access Digital Full Text version, 1994. http://pocketknowledge.tc.columbia.edu/home.php/bybib/11624553.
Повний текст джерелаIncludes tables. Typescript; issued also on microfilm. Sponsor: Jean Lythcott. Dissertation Committee: Roger O. Anderson. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 174-186).
Shen, Daniel Hueng-Yuan. "Sodium iodide symporter based strategy for treatment of thyroid and non-thyroid malignancy." Connect to this title online, 2003. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1047493162.
Повний текст джерелаTitle from first page of PDF file. Document formatted into pages; contains xiv, 133 p.; also includes graphics Includes bibliographical references (p. 116-133). Available online via OhioLINK's ETD Center
Cardoso, Camila Lopes. "Análise morfométrica e molecular da alveolite induzida em ratos com diferentes modalidades de tratamento." Universidade de São Paulo, 2009. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/25/25132/tde-27052009-102252/.
Повний текст джерелаDry socket is an inflammatory postoperative complication that undertakes sockets of recently extracted teeth. The incidence of such complication varies from 1 to 4% and might reach up to 30%. The objective of this study was to analyze the biological mechanisms involved in the repair process of intentionally infected sockets in mice; compare different treatment conditions and correlate the results of two different analysis (microscopic and molecular). 84 mice were used in this study, divided according the following groups: I: uninfected socket; II: infected socket without any treatment; III: infected socket treated with irrigation of 2% sodium iodide and 3% hydrogen peroxide solution at 1:1 proportion; and IV: infected socket submitted to curettage, physiological saline solution irrigation and fulfillment with metronidazole base paste. The animals were killed at a postoperative period of 6, 15 and 28 days. A quantitative analysis was performed using a RealTimePCR to evaluate the genes expression involved [Collagen Type I (COL-I), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), osteocalcin (OCN), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-\'alpha\')], in the repair process, correlating its expression with the microscopic characteristics observed in both qualitative and quantitative manner. Based in the results of the microscopic and molecular analysis, it can be concluded that the RUNX2, OCN and TNF-\'alpha\' markers can be used as indicators to evaluate the dry socket bone neoformation and inflammatory infiltrate quantity. The ALP and VEGF markers did not represented appropriately what was observed microscopically. Although the dry socket treatment with metronidazole base paste promotes an increase in the bone neoformation density at 28 days, no difference was found among the treatments.
Dumont, Yohann. "Thermodynamique des cycles associés et application au couplage entre le cycle thermochimique iode-soufre et un réacteur nucléaire pour la production d’hydrogène." Aix-Marseille 3, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008AIX30069.
Повний текст джерелаThis thesis is devoted to the design of an assembly of a hydrogen production process by the thermochemical iodine-sulphur cycle and a nuclear reactor. The suggested coupling network uses a power cycle which produces a work which is directly used for the heat pump running. The purpose of this thermodynamic cycle association is to recover the rejected energy at low temperature of a process to provide the energy needs of this same process at high temperature. This association is applied to the studied coupling. The construction of the energy distribution network is designed by the pinch analysis. In the case of a conventional coupling, the efficiency of hydrogen production is 22. 0%. By integrating the associated cycles into the coupling, the efficiency of production is 42. 6%. The exergetic efficiency, representative of the energy using quality, increases from 58. 7% to 85. 4%
Domain, Christophe. "Simulations atomiques ab initio des effets de l'hydrogène et de l'iode dans le zirconium." Lille 1, 2002. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/RESTREINT/Th_Num/2002/50376-2002-31.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаBazine, Fathi. "Échange de l'ion fluorure dans l'acétonitrile : échelle pF- et diagrammes E-pF- relatifs aux espèces argent, cuivre, hydrogène, uranium et iode, comparaison avec l'eau." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988NAN10018.
Повний текст джерелаBazine, Fathi. "Echange de l'ion fluorure dans l'acétonitrile échelle PF-et diagrammes E-PF-relatifs aux espèces argent, cuivre, hydrogène, uranium et iode : comparaison avec l'eau /." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1988. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37611670n.
Повний текст джерелаDarwiche, Ali. "Membranes zéolithiques de type MFI pour l'extraction et la séparation de l'hydrogène." Thesis, Mulhouse, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010MULH3174.
Повний текст джерелаIn the general context of massive and "carbon free" hydrogen production studies, the aim of this work was the development of zeolitic MFI membranes for hydrogen extraction and separation. The methodology of synthesis, the membranes characterization techniques as well as the permeation experimental setup are presented. Optimization and control of the elaboration of Ti02 supported Silicalite-1 and template free ZSM-5 membranes have been reached. Details of the full kinetic study that we performed are given. Numerous permeation experiments, involving pure gas (H2, He, Ar, N2, C02, SF6) and mixtures (H2/H20/Ar) and (H2/H 20/HI/Ar) have been carried on. The effects of temperature, feed pressure, thickness and length of the membranes, as well as the role of the sweeping gas have been emphasized. In the case of gas mixtures, the presence of H20 molecules appears to be a predominant factor
Theiss, Frederick L. "Synthesis and characterisation of layered double hydroxides and their application for water purification." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2012. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/54620/1/Frederick_Thesis.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаSalama, Farid. "Etude de la photoexcitation dans l'ultra-violet lointain des halogènes piégés en matrice de gaz rare à basse température et étude de leur ionisation simple et double par impact protonique en phase gazeuse." Paris 6, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA066213.
Повний текст джерелаGonzalez, Julia Armiliato. "Desenvolvimento de cálculos dosimétricos para pacientes com câncer diferenciado de tireoide com terapia com 131 I (Nal) precedida de rec-hTSH e correlação entre dose absorvida e efeitos deletérios da radiação no organismo humano." Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5155/tde-13012014-113737/.
Повний текст джерелаPatients with differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) are submitted to a thyroidectomy and usually require adjuvant therapy to ablate the remaining thyroid tissue. In order to have an adequate uptake of radioiodine, it is necessary to increase TSH levels by thyroid hormone withdrawal, which leads to a hypothyroidism state. As an alternative, the use of recombinant human thyroid stimulating hormone (rec-hTSH) may prevent the hormonal therapy withdrawal; therefore avoiding the hypothyroidism symptoms. The aim of this study was to calculate the dosimetry for thyroid remnants and total body of 22 individuals with DTC, of which 11 patients received 131I (group A) under endogenous stimulus, and the other 11 received 131I preceded by rec-hTSH (group B), and compare the dosimetric results with the potential harmful effects of radiation. Using the MIRD methodology and softwares MIRDOSE-3 and OLINDA, the absorbed doses were calculated for thyroid region and total body. Measurements of the exposure rates were made with a Geiger-Müller detector during the hospital stay, in order to calculate the effective half-lives (Teff), and blood samples were collected to verify chromosome aberrations. The average absorbed doses to the whole body obtained were 0.96 ± 0.23 Gy for group A and 0.44 ± 0.21 Gy for group B. Teff values were also lower for group B (11.2 ± 1.9 h) when compared to the results of group A (13.9 ± 2.4 h). The cytogenetic analysis showed the presence of various types of structural chromosome aberrations. The dicentric chromosome was the cytogenetic abnormality most frequently found and is considered to be the best indicator of ionizing radiation damage. The differences between the values of aberrations found in both groups were not significant, being the number of affected cells relatively small, causing no severe damage during treatment. The smaller doses and Teff obtained from the patients in group B are in agreement with the literature. The renal clearance of radioiodine is faster with rec-hTSH (as seen with the internal dosimetry), but the uptake and subsequent ablation occur at similar rates (as observed by cytogenetic analysis). Therefore, according to the above mentioned results, it is possible to observe that rec-hTSH is an useful alternative to the endogenous stimuli, while maintaining the patients\' quality of life and helping to reduce irradiation of extrathyroidal tissues
Eriksson, Ludvig. "Transition Metal Mediated Transformations of Carboranes." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala University, Organic Chemistry, 2003. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-3324.
Повний текст джерелаThis thesis describes the use of copper and palladium to mediate transformations of carboranes, especially p-carborane.
1-(1-p-carboranyl)-N-methyl-N-(2-butyl)-3-isoquinolinecarboxamide, a carborane containing analogue of the peripheral benzodiazepine receptor (PBR) ligand PK11195, has been synthesised. A key step in the reaction is the copper (I) mediated coupling of p-carborane with ethyl 1-bromo-isoquinoline-3-carboxylate.
p-Carborane has been arylated on the 2-B-atom in high yields, using the Suzuki–Miyaura reaction. Thus the reaction between 2-I-p-carborane and various arylboronic acids [1-naphthyl-, phenyl-, 4-MeO-C6H4-, 3-CH3CONH-C6H4-, 4-NC-C6H4-, 3-NO2-C6H4-], gave the corresponding 2-aryl-p-carboranes in DME solution when reacted in the presence of cesium fluoride and the catalytic Pd2(dba)3–dppb system. Under the same conditions, the boron-boron bond forming reaction of two p-carboranylboronic esters (2-[(pinacolato)boron]-p-carborane and 2-[(neopentyl glycolato)boron]-p-carborane) was also shown feasible.
p-Carborane has been vinylated on the 2-B-atom in high yields by use of the Heck reaction. The coupling between 2-I-p-carborane and various styrenes [4-H-, 4-C6H4-, 4-Cl , 4-Br-, 4-NO2-, 4-CH3O- and 4 CH3 ] resulted in the formation of the correspondingtrans-β-(2-B-p-carboranyl) styrene in DMF solution when reacted in the presence of silver phosphate and the palladacycle Herrmann´s catalyst. The reaction was shown to proceed at higher rate with electron rich than with electron deficient olefins.
The feasibility of palladium-catalysed isotopic exchange of an iodinated closo-carborane with a radioisotope of iodine has been studied. 2-I-p-carborane was selected as a model compound. It was shown, that such isotopic exchange is possible and provides a high yield (83 ± 4.2 %) during 40 min long reaction. The reaction conditions were optimised, and it was demonstrated that presence of the tetra n-butylammonium hydrogensulphate is important in order to stabilise catalyst and provide reproducibility of labelling. In this work we have modified the methodology and extended the application to a wider range of iodinated carboranes. By the use of Herrmann’s catalyst in toluene at 100 °C this [125I]-iodide labelling could be improved and extended. 2-I-p- 9-I-m-, 9-I-o-, 3-I-o-carborane, 1-phenyl-3-I-o-carborane and 1,2-diphenyl-3-I-o-carborane could be [125I]-iodide labelled in high to excellent yields within 5 minutes.This reported palladium catalyzed radio-iodination of the uncharged closo-carboranes might find use in pharmacokinetic studies of carborane derivatives.
Delicat, Yathis Giovanni. "Etude de la réactivité de l’iode transporté dans un mélange H2/H2O en conditions de combustion dans des flammes basse pression pré-mélangées." Thesis, Lille 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LIL10049.
Повний текст джерелаTo assess kinetics aspects of iodine chemistry in an environment of a severe accident in a Pressurized Water Reactor (PWR), at the laboratory scale, an experimental reactor named “flat flame burner” has been implemented. Low pressure flames of H2/O2/Ar premixed gas seeded with known amounts of iodhydric acid and steam were studied. The quantification of chemical species (HI, H2O, OH) in such environment was obtained by specific analytical techniques (Fourier Transform InfraRed absorption spectrometry, FTIR and Laser Induced Fluorescence, LIF), the evolution of the temperature was determined by LIF and by thermocouple measurements. Further assays were performed in a flow reactor in which gaseous molecular iodine was injected and transported in a stream or hydrogen flow and a strong temperature gradient, representative of the primary circuit in the case of a severe accident. The resulting gaseous species (I2 and HI) were quantified by ICP-MS and UV-Visible spectrometry. This experimental database has been used as a support to develop a detailed kinetic mechanism for the {I, O, H} system. It is composed of 37 reversible reactions involving 5 iodinated species. The thermokinetic parameter database has been actualized by using theoretical chemistry tools and also completed with data found in the literature. Modelling was performed by using the PREMIX code for flame assays, and with the in IRSN’s severe accident simulation code ASTEC/SOPHAREOS code for flow reactor assays. The comparison between experiment and modelling shows that this detailed mechanism is able to reproduce the iodine chemistry in conditions representative of a PWR severe accident
Rejm'ankov'a, Petra. "Etude par diffraction et topographie aux rayons X de monocristaux de LiIO3, de KTiOPO4 et de LiNbO3 sous champ électrique." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995GRE10179.
Повний текст джерелаChung, Kun-Zhi, and 鍾昆志. "Decomposition of hydrogen iodide in microchannel." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/16334133895192271472.
Повний текст джерелаGlanville, Yvonne. "X-ray and neutron scattering studies of methyl iodide and hydrogen confined in porous media." 2005. http://www.etda.libraries.psu.edu/theses/approved/WorldWideIndex/ETD-1156/index.html.
Повний текст джерелаAuYeung, Nicholas J. "Hydrogen production via a sulfur-sulfur thermochemical water-splitting cycle." Thesis, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1957/25662.
Повний текст джерела4I₂(l)+4SO₂(l)+8H₂O(l)↔4H₂SO₄(l)+ 8HI(l)
8HI(l)+H₂SO₄(l)↔ H₂S(g)+4H₂O(l)+4I₂(l)
3H₂SO₄(g)↔ 3H₂O(g)+3SO₂(g)+1½O₂(g)
H₂S(g)+2H₂O(g)↔ SO₂(g)+3H₂(g)
The critical step in the Sulfur-Sulfur cycle is the steam reformation of H₂S. This highly endothermic step is shown to successfully occur at temperatures in excess of 800˚C in the presence of a molybdenum catalyst. A parametric study varying the H₂O:H₂S ratio, temperature, and residence time in a simple tubular quartz reactor was carried out and Arrhenius parameters were estimated. All reactive steps of the Sulfur-Sulfur cycle have been either demonstrated previously or demonstrated in this work. A theoretical heat-to-hydrogen thermal efficiency is estimated to be 55% at a hot temperature of 1100 K and 59% at 2000 K. As a highly efficient, all-fluid based thermochemical cycle, the Sulfur-Sulfur cycle has great potential for feasible process implementation for the transformation of high quality heat to chemical energy.
Graduation date: 2012
Oliveira, Cristiana Paula Martins da Silva. "Photodynamic therapy intheinactivation of bacteriophages with porphyrin and potentiators in wastewater." Master's thesis, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/29245.
Повний текст джерелаOs vírus patogénicos são frequentemente introduzidos nas águas marinhas e estuarinas através da descarga de esgoto tratado e não tratado, uma vez que os tratamentos atuais não inativam os vírus presentes nas águas residuais (WW), afetando a qualidade das águas recetoras e, consequentemente, a saúde humana. Nos tratamentos convencionais, a remoção de constituintes nocivos consiste no uso de métodos químicos, físicos e biológicos. Geralmente, a WW de áreas urbanas é tratada secundariamente e não terciariamente. Embora o efluente secundário contenha altas concentrações de microrganismos, o efeito da diluição na água torna-o aceitável em termos de indicadores de qualidade. A cloração é o método mais comum usado para garantir a segurança microbiológica em efluentes tratados terciariamente. No entanto, a sua utilização maciça, tanto na forma de cloro livre como combinada, pode levar à formação de subprodutos químicos como resultado da reação com a matéria orgânica presente nos efluentes, sendo esses produtos químicos tóxicos para os organismos aquáticos, apresentando riscos para a saúde. Os métodos convencionais são limitados e podem não ser adequados para manter os níveis de qualidade especificados nas diretrizes. As porfirinas quando usadas como fotossensibilizadores (PS) na terapia fotodinâmica (PDT) podem ser desinfetantes promissores para a inativação de microrganismos patógenicos, pois são eficazes na inativação de microrganismos sem formação de produtos tóxicos. Alguns estudos mostraram efeito potenciador de alguns PS usados em terapia fotodinâmica antimicrobiana (aPDT) quando estes são usados em combinação com iodeto de potássio (KI) e peróxido de hidrogénio (H2O2). O principal objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a eficácia da aPDT de um PS baseado numa formulação de baixo custo constituída por cinco porfirinas catiónicas (Form) e o seu efeito potenciador por KI e H2O2 na inativação de um bacteriófago tipo T4. As experiências foram realizadas em solução salina tamponada com fosfato e em água residual contaminada filtrada e não filtrada. Os ensaios de aPDT em WW filtrada (tamanho do poro de 0,45 μm) foram realizados com diferentes concentrações de Form (1,0 a 10 μM). Numa segunda fase foi avaliado o efeito do KI (100 mM) na ação fotodinâmica da FORM (1,0 a 10 μM). Os resultados dessas experiências demonstraram que a Form é eficiente no tratamento de WW filtrada e que a eficácia da fotoinativação de bacteriófagos está correlacionada com a concentração do PS usado. Quando combinada com o KI, a Form é claramente menos eficaz na inativação do bacteriófago. Para avaliar se a matéria orgânica presente na água influencia a eficiência do PS, a WW foi filtrada usando três membranas com tamanho de poros diferentes (0,45, 0,30 e 0,22 μm). Os resultados mostraram que o aumento da matéria orgânica promove uma diminuição significativa na eficiência da Form. Para avaliar se a eficiência da aPDT para inativar bacteriófagos é mantida quando os tratamentos são realizados em WW não filtrada, o efeito da Form sozinha (10 μM) e combinado com H2O2 (2, 5 e 9%) em WW não filtrada foi avaliado. A Form por si só provou ser um PS eficiente para fotoinativar o bacteriófago em WW não filtrada, mas a presença de H2O2 aumentou significativamente o efeito fotodinâmico. A Form pode ser uma alternativa eficaz para controlar vírus na WW, principalmente se combinada com H2O2.
This work was supported by funding FEDER through COMPETE – Programa Operacional Factores de Competitividade, and by National funding through Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia (FCT) and Marine Studies (CESAM).
Mestrado em Biologia Molecular e Celular
Wlaźlak, Ewelina. "Badanie wpływu oddziaływań międzycząsteczkowych na właściwości wybranych jodków i trójjodków." Praca doktorska, 2019. https://ruj.uj.edu.pl/xmlui/handle/item/79707.
Повний текст джерелаQuite briefly characterized hybrid organic-inorganic semiconductors are an interesting group of materials with potential applications in electronics, photocatalysis, photovoltaics, optoelectronics and related fields. The properties of molecular compounds depend profoundly on the weak intermolecular interaction. The strength of the interactions present in the crystal structure is reflected in the band structure and can be observed in the distribution of the density of the electronic states of individual materials. Strong interactions (covalent and ionic) in the inorganic semiconductors allow formation of continuous energy bands. On the other hand, much weaker van der Waals interactions, hydrogen bonds and stacking of the aromatic rings that occur in the purely organic semiconductors lead to narrower energy bands. In the case of hybrid semiconductors, both scenarios are possible and the predominance of weak or strong interactions in the structure determines the properties of the material. The hybrid semiconductors are represented in this dissertation by the tin-iodide complexes with organic ligands ([SnI4{(C6H5)3PO}2], [SnI4{(C6H5)2SO}2] and [SnI4(C5H5NO)2]). The iodine atoms present in these compounds are characterized by a large radius and polarizability which favors the formation of weaker bonds and intermolecular interactions. In these complexes, hydrogen interactions with iodine atoms combine the organic and inorganic fragments of the adjacent molecules. The weaker intermolecular interactions in the structure, the more discrete band structure and the more flat bands in the electronic structure. If these interactions are sufficiently weak, a border case may arise in which the material can be classified as an insulator with some of semiconductor features. This scenario in this work is represented by the organic triiodide salts. The crystal structures of these salts lack any strong intermolecular interactions and the linearly arranged I3 - anions are surrounded by large organic cations. Despite the weak interactions between the triiodide anions, orbitals of iodine atoms build both the edges of the valence and the conduction bands. Other weak interactions present in the structure encompass hydrogen interactions CH...I (distances H...I are usually too large to be called bonds). Despite their low charge carriers mobility, these materials efficiently generate photocurrents under the ultraviolet radiation due to the excitation of the electrons to the higher conduction bands that consist mostly of orbitals of the carbon atoms. The material based mainly on strong covalent bonds is lead (II) iodide - a semiconductor well described in the literature. Interestingly, PbI2 creates a Schottky junction with the surface of several metals. Surface states that lead to the formation of this barrier may have their sources in the chemisorption of a semiconductor molecules on the surface of the metal which may also cause the so-called "pillow effect" which reduces the work function of the metal. Another important source of surface states is the overlap of the electronic function of the metal with the electronic states (present in the energy gap of the semiconductor) created due to the finite dimensions of the crystals. An asymmetric filling and emptying of the surface states present at PbI2|Cu junction have been used to build a memristor - an element that changes its resistance as a result of the flow of the charge. In this work the analysis of the mechanism of operation of this device, the similarity of the constructed memristor to synapse and the use of a memristor for simple signal analysis are presented. The memristor was built into the reservoir system - a sub-type of the neural network - which allowed to perform simple calculations, e.g. on the classification of signals due to the amplitude. Another phenomenon observed in this system is metaplasticity. This type of neuromimetic behaviour manifests as the change of the basic properties of the device due to its history (i.e. flow of charges under prolonged positive bias). This effect is possible due to the formation of additional interaction between the metal and the semiconductor that changes the resistance of such joint. An example of this is an oxidation of the copper atoms that can subsequently form a bond with the iodine atoms present on the surface of PbI2. The operation of this entire system comes down to the interface interactions between the lead(II) halide and metal surface. This dissertation consists of five publications focusing on the physical chemistry of semiconductors and various aspects of information processing. Presented compounds differ significantly in composition and structure: 1) organic triiodide salts contain - in addition to the anion I3- large organic cations containing three or six aromatic rings; 2) tin(IV) iodide complexes have a molecular structure where the iodine atoms are bound by one covalent bond to a tin atom; 3) lead iodide(II) has a layered structure in which the iodine atom has the role of a bridge connecting neighbouring lead atoms. The diversity of the presented structures allows to investigate various interactions - strong covalent bonds, ionic bonds, weaker π-π interactions, hydrogen or halogen bonds and van der Waals interactions. The article that describes the properties of SnI4 complexes and triiodide salts focus on the impact of the individual structural elements on the electronic structure, e.g. conductivity, energy gap, mobility, type of doping and carrier concentration, and band edge potentials. In these publications it is shown that the weaker interactions present in the structure in large quantities can have a dominant influence on the electronic structure of the compound. The conclusions drawn are supported, among others, by spectroscopic measurements and theoretical calculations. Four compounds presented in this two articles: [(C6H5CH2)3NO]2H+I3-, (C6H5CH2)3NH+I3- ∙ C6H5CH3, [SnI4{(C6H5)2SO}2] and [SnI4(C5H5NO)2] are new with a structure that has never been described before. The third publication is focused on the device based on PbI2 and describes the interaction of this material with the surface of various metals (Au, Pt, Cu, Ag and Al). It also explains the effect of this interaction on the Schottky barrier responsible for the operation of this device. The dissertation is completed by two review papers that expands two topics taken in this work: the systematic analysis of the properties of the chalcohalogenides and the construction of the devices based on various semiconductors and their use in more complex systems. The first review outlines how in one group of compounds - chalcohalogenides with the stoichiometry MQX (where: M = As, Sb, or Bi; B = Se, S or O; X = F, Cl, Br or I) - the replacement of a halogen atom or the atomic ratio of atoms in the molecule affects the structure of the compound. In this work it was possible to gather information about structures differing only in M, Q or X atoms, to find the common features of these structures and their main differences. For some of the described structures, it was also possible to link these small structural differences with the changes in the electronic structure. The second review presents, among others, the current state of knowledge on photomemristors and systems exhibiting photomemristic properties, focusing on the mechanism of their operation. The review also touches on the subject of reservoir calculations, the principles of their work and their possible application.
Li, Hsiu-Ping. "Roles of Naturally Occurring Bacteria in Controlling Iodine-129 Mobility in Subsurface Soils." Thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2012-08-11637.
Повний текст джерела(9757382), Brian A. Sumprer. "Developmental Toxicity of Sodium Iodide Using the Zebrafish Model." Thesis, 2020.
Знайти повний текст джерелаIodine is considered an essential nutrient as lack can cause severe metabolic and neurological issues in adults, with the added consequence of permanent developmental damage in children and infants. However, excessive iodine intake can result in similar symptoms, with a wide variance in adverse health outcomes. The safe range of iodine intake may be relatively low, with some studies suggesting the possibility of a high frequency of subclinical cases of iodine poisoning going unnoticed or misdiagnosed.
In this study, the zebrafish model was tested as an integrative whole animal model to demonstrate behavioral, morphological, and genetic responses to overt and subclinical iodine poisoning in developing humans. Zebrafish embryos were treated with sodium iodide (NaI) immediately after fertilization. Survivability was monitored every 24 hours until 120 hours post fertilization (hpf). Concentrations with no statistical significance on survival, plus the smallest dose of significant lethality were then examined using behavioral analysis at 120 hpf to compare both overt and subclinical outcomes. Morphology measurements of body length, head length, head width, brain length, swim bladder volume, jaw length, and ventral dissension were also recorded at 120 hpf. Gene expression of slc5a5, tpo, and tshba at 72 hpf was also measured using quantitative PCR (qPCR).
A significant decrease in survival rates were observed at 24 hpf for 25, 37.5, and 50 mM NaI treatments (p<0.0001). Morphological measurements taken at 120 hpf showed a significant increase in body length, head length, head width, jaw length, and swim bladder volume in the 10 mM NaI treatment group (p<0.0001) and a significant decrease in body length, head length, jaw length, and swim bladder volume in the 25 mM treatment group (p<0.0001). A ventral distension also developed near the location of the thyroid gland exclusively in the 25 mM group.
Behavioral analysis showed significant increases in movement for both the 10 mM and 25 mM treatment groups during dark phases (p<0.0001). The 25 mM treatment group had an increase in movement during dark phases for standard well environments (p<0.0001), but this did not hold true for larger well environments, instead trending towards a non-significant decrease (p>0.05). The 10 mM group had a significant decrease during the first light phase in standard wells (p=0.002), with a significant increase in the second light phase for large wells (p=0.005). There were no significant changes in the expression of selected genes associated with the thyroid pathway (slc5a5, tpo, or tshba) across all treatment groups (p>0.05).
Overall, the results suggest zebrafish larvae exhibit both overt and subclinical symptoms of excess iodine intake. Future studies are needed to determine internalization, biodistribution, clearance, and further characterization of adverse outcomes along the thyroid pathway for additional exploration into subclinical thyrotoxicosis due to excess iodine intake. Researchers should express caution with time points, as the Wolff-Chaikoff effect may influence exposure windows in zebrafish.
黃稟勝. "Detailed studies on selective capture of volatile iodine and methyl iodide using cage-type molecule linked by disulfide bonds." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/33444961969473672921.
Повний текст джерела國立彰化師範大學
化學系
100
With the increased use of nuclear energy to meet our needs, nuclear waste management has become more important than ever. In our research, we previously created a cage type molecule, which was linked by three dynamic disulfide bonds, 1,3,5-triethyl-2,4,6-tris(2,2’-disulfanedianiliny[1]methyl)benzene (L). In this report, we used L and studied its behaviors of recognition and encapsulation of MeI and I2, two essential molecules in the nuclear waste. In toluene solution, MeI or I2 was captured inside the cavity of L through hydrogen bonding interactions and formed precipitates of LMeI or LI2, respectively. In addition, L showed a highly efficient capability to absorb I2(g) in its amorphous solid state, and LI2 was identified as a thermodynamically stable product by TGA measurement. We also used solid-state IR, solution NMR spectroscopies, and X-ray diffraction analyses to observe the interactions in LMeI or LI2. Besides, we synthesized a modified receptor 3, which does not have disulfide linkages, and studied its interactions with I2 or MeI through the analyses of IR, NMR spectroscopies. We also obtained the crystal structure of compound 5, which was the tri-methylated product of compound 3, and tried to give a reasonable explanation why the molecule L was not easily methylated.
Dhineshkumar, J. "Iodine and Copper Catalyzed Oxidative Cross Coupling Reactions : Design and Development of Carbon-Carbon and Carbon-Heteroatom Bond Forming Reactions." Thesis, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2005/3020.
Повний текст джерелаPaixão, Francisca Ventura. "Deciphering the pathways leading to the enhancement of NIS transcription in thyroid tissue." Master's thesis, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/69909.
Повний текст джерелаFélix, Daniela Ribeiro Bettencourt. "As GTPases RAC1 e RAC1b na modulação da expressão do simportador de sódio e iodo em tecido tiroideu normal." Master's thesis, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/26982.
Повний текст джерелаThe sodium iodide symporter (NIS) is highly expressed in thyroid tissue. Since the expression of NIS results in the accumulation of iodide, its expression in tumor cells allows the use of radioactive iodine (131I) as a diagnostic and therapeutic tool. Recent studies showed that, although triggered by different intracellular signaling pathways, stimulation of NIS expression involves the induction of the p38 mitogenic kinase activity by the GTPase RAC1. Our group has recently described the overexpression of the RAC1b protein (a hyperactive variant of RAC1) in a number of papillary thyroid carcinomas with unfavorable outcome, carrying the activating mutation V600E in the mitogenic kinase BRAF. Notably, the presence of BRAF V600E mutation has been associated with downregulation of NIS. The aim of the present study was to investigate the role of RAC1/1b GTPases in modulating the expression of the symporter and also to develop a reporter system to study and identify post-translational regulators of this symporter. Using a normal thyroid cell line, the results obtained support a role for RAC1/1b signaling in the regulation of NIS expression. RAC1b was shown to play a role in inhibiting the expression levels of the symporter, whereas RAC1 seems to exert the opposite effect, since inhibition of endogenous RAC1 decreases the expression of NIS and it overexpression induces the activation of mitogenic p38 kinase. This study supports a role for RAC1/1b signaling in the regulation of NIS expression. The identification of new modulators of the functional levels of this symporter will be extremely relevant for the development of therapeutic strategies that allow an increase in the efficiency in 131I uptake by tumor cells.
Financiado por Bolsa Prof. E. Limbert Sociedade Portuguesa de Endocrinologia Diabetes e Metabolismo / Sanofi-Genzyme em Patologia da Tiróide
ŠEDA, Martin. "Výskyt a interakce jodu v přírodním prostředí se zaměřením na hydrosféru." Doctoral thesis, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-170425.
Повний текст джерелаLamani, Manjunath. "Design And Development Of Synthetic Methods Using Metal-Mediated And Metal Free Redox Reactions : Novel C-H Activations, Reductions And Oxidative Transformations." Thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2005/2501.
Повний текст джерелаLubera, Justyna. "Wykorzystanie elektrokatalitycznego przeniesienia elektronu w układzie jod/jodki do przygotowania elektrolitów redoks zdolnych do szybkiej propagacji ładunku." Doctoral thesis, 2020. https://depotuw.ceon.pl/handle/item/3809.
Повний текст джерелаElectrochemical systems characterized by fast (reversible) charge transfer have a practical significance, particularly in electrochemical storage and conversion systems such as dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSC), redox flow batteries (RFB) and redox electrolyte-aided hybrid energy storage (REHES)). Moreover, development of above-mentioned, alternative energy technologies have crucial importance of protecting the environment. One of the most commonly used redox couples responsible for efficient electron transfer in energy storage and conversion systems is the iodine/iodide. Therefore, the first Chapter of this doctoral dissertation is focused on the general electrochemical properties of iodine and its electrochemical characterization in aqueous and organic solutions. The next part is dedicated to DSSC, where its individual components are discussed and particular attention is paid to the redox electrolytes containing iodine/iodide redox mediator. In addition, it should be emphasized that the energy generated by alternative energy sources, including DSSC, can be stored by converting it into chemical energy for example by using RFB or can be directly stored as electrical charge in electrochemical capacitors. Consequently, the next two Chapters of my dissertation focus on these two energy storage technologies. The main differences between RFB and traditional batteries and the resulting pros and cons of these devices are indicated. Farther the typical classification of flow batteries and the examples of the cells where the iodine/iodide redox couple is used as the catholyte are presented. The next part of the dissertation is devoted to the electrochemical capacitors. These include the detailed characteristics of double-layer-type systems, pseudocapacitors and hybrid capacitors, i.e. combining the electrochemical signature of batteries and conventional supercapacitors. A specific class of hybrid capacitors containing electrochemically active electrolyte (widely known as REHES - redox electrolyte-aided hybrid energy storage) is also characterized. These systems are often based on alkali metal iodides and exhibit an increased charge storage capacity as a result of reversible redox reactions of iodide ions occurring at the positive electrode/electrolyte interface. This PhD thesis also does not omit the basic issues related to the mechanism of charge transfer in thin electrode layers, bulk solid and semi-solid materials having mixed oxidation states. In order to submit a more complete study, detailed characterization of solid electrochemistry without contact with the external phase of the supporting electrolyte is also given. Moreover the emphasis is put on the utilization of microelectrodes in electrochemical characterization of solids. The following Chapter is focused on the increment of the reaction rate constant by inserting the catalyst into the system which allows the conversion of energy in the most efficient, reversible and cost-effective way. Next an electrocatalytic mediation as a specific kind of electrocatalysis is also discussed. The theoretical part of this PhD thesis is finished by brief description of the research methods used in the experimental part. The research described in the experimental part has been divided into four main Chapters. In order to enhance charge propagation within the system, firstly the utilization of Pt nanoparticles "three-dimensionally" distributed in a semi-solid ionic liquid containing iodine/iodide redox pair is described. It allows the induction of a chemical stage, breaking of the iodine-iodine bond in the I3 - molecule, which is responsible for limiting electron transfer in the system. The above mentioned concept has been demonstrated in both, diagnostic measurements which utilized solid-state electrochemistry and a practical set-up in a DSSC. Pd nanoparticles, as a cheaper alternative to Pt nanoparticles, are also proposed with the same redox electrolyte based on the ionic liquid to enhance charge transfer within the system. With reference to Pd nanoparticles three different electrochemical methods based on cyclic voltammetry, chronoamperometry and chronoculometry were used to calculate the effective diffusion coefficient and apparent concentration of redox centers. The used modifiers based on Pt and Pd nanoparticles have been subjected to physicochemical (SEM, TEM, EDS, zeta potential) and extended electrochemical characterization). The subsequent part of the research involves introducing the aforementioned modifiers into the electrolyte based on organic solvent (acetonitrile) with the possible simplest composition. The aim of such approach is to compare the mechanism of charge propagation in two different solutions with different viscosities. As an alternative to noble metal nanoparticles, the use of conductive polymers (more specifically poly (3,4-ethylene-1,4-dioxythiophene), PEDOT)) and carbonaceous materials (activated carbon) have also been proposed. The last part of the doctoral dissertation refers to the operation mechanism of hybrid capacitors containing iodine/iodide redox-based electrolyte by addressing their performance changes in time and with a type of stability test used. Two types of electrode materials with different morphology and charge storage mechanism were used in the construction of these devices, i.e. activated carbon and PEDOT. Both of these materials were characterized using different physicochemical techniques. Analysis of processes occurring during potentiostatic accelerating-ageing stability tests allowed to diagnose the causes of differences in the rate of self-discharge as well as to describe the parasitic reactions responsible for high internal leakage by proposing a new mechanism of charge/self-discharge in the halogene-based electrolytes used in supercapacitors.