Дисертації з теми "Investments Moral and ethical aspects Decision making"
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Jacobs, Phillip A. H. "The identification and evaluation of key sustainable development indicators and the development of a conceptual decision-making model for capital investment within Gold Fields Limited (GFL)." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1008304.
Повний текст джерелаSilove, Melanie. "Ethical decision-making in the therapeutic space : a psychoanalytic view." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1020873.
Повний текст джерелаHoag, Jennifer M. "Adolescent loneliness and moral decision-making." Virtual Press, 2001. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1244865.
Повний текст джерелаDepartment of Psychological Science
Burstein, Ronald Mark. "The ethical decision-making self-efficacy of psychologists and counselors." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/186308.
Повний текст джерелаLin, Eng-Lung. "An empirical examination of ethical decision making by corporate accountants in Taiwan." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2010. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/364.
Повний текст джерелаChau, Long Fung Lewis. "Corporate entrepreneurship and ethical decision-making behavior of marketing managers." HKBU Institutional Repository, 1997. http://repository.hkbu.edu.hk/etd_ra/134.
Повний текст джерелаFeldmanHall, Oriel. "A neuro-cognitive investigation of human moral decision-making in real and hypothetical contexts." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2012. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.610657.
Повний текст джерелаNg, Sau-man Catalina, and 吳秀敏. "Ethical decision-making in individual counseling among student guidance teachers." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2000. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31961897.
Повний текст джерелаRank, Janice Lee. "Moral orientation and decision-making: Ethnic and gender differences." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 1991. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/456.
Повний текст джерелаWood, John Vincent. "An understanding of moral philosophy classifications and social risk in relation to decision-making." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2001. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/1979.
Повний текст джерелаFoshaugen, Edvard Kristian. "Postmodernism and the dilemma of an appropriate Christian paradigm for ethical descision making." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/51880.
Повний текст джерелаENGLISH ABSTRACT: The Church is facing a dilemma in how to apply and live out its message in a postmodern world. For many in the Church an understanding and application of morals and ethics has become bewildering. This assignment attempts to develop a Christian vocabulary and conceptual framework for morality. This is done by firstly elucidating the milieu out of which postmodernism arose. Modernism, through universal claims of reason and instrumental rationality, believed in the ultimate mastery of the world. The failure of the Enlightenment project to develop universal morality and law led to a new perspective on reason and reality and new reflection on life, morality and meaning. Thus, I reflect on' the parturition and value of postmodernism through offering an evaluation and critique of the ideology of postmodernism. Next, I propose the need for Christian ideology to be firstly separated from cultural interpretations so as to avoid ethnocentrism and cultural imperialism. After exploring the development and purpose of worldviews I argue for the building of cultural bridges and for the Gospel and Biblical worldview to be suitably encoded. Finally, I posit an understanding of what postmodern ethics entails and how then to define and respond to ethical issues. Through case studies I apply the key principles identified in the study. These are that moderation is a virtue; that many timeless truths are customary truths that arise in a specific historical/cultural situations; that many problems are not ethical issues but are rather a comprehension and/or a misinterpretation of the Scriptures regarding what it means to be a Christian and how we are to live our Christian profession to mention a few. I reason and plead for a Christian ethical system of incarnational engaged compassion in a postmodern world.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: geen opsomming
Eastman, Earl M. "Perceptions of graduates of four doctoral programs in adult education concerning ethical decision making." Virtual Press, 1998. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1117125.
Повний текст джерелаDepartment of Educational Leadership
Smith-Howell, Esther Renee. "End-of-life decision-making among African Americans with serious illness." Thesis, Indiana University - Purdue University Indianapolis, 2015. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3723381.
Повний текст джерелаAfrican Americans’ tendency to choose life-prolonging treatments (LPT) over comfort focused care (CFC) at end-of-life is well documented but poorly understood. There is minimal knowledge about African American (AA) perceptions of decisions to continue or discontinue LPT. The purpose of this study was to examine AA family members’ perceptions of factors that influenced end-of-life care decision-making for a relative who recently died from serious illness. A conceptual framework informed by the literature and the Ottawa Decision Support Framework was developed to guide this study. A retrospective, mixed methods design combined quantitative and qualitative descriptive approaches. Forty-nine bereaved AA family members of AA decedents with serious illness who died between 2 to 6 months prior to enrollment participated in a one-time telephone interview. Outcomes examined include end-of-life treatment decision, decision regret, and decisional conflict. Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, independent-sample t-tests, Mann-Whitney U tests, chi-square tests, Spearman and Pearson correlations, and linear and logistic regressions. Qualitative data were analyzed using content analysis and qualitative descriptive methods. Family members’ decisional conflict scores were negatively correlated with their quality of general communication (rs = -.503, p = .000) and end-of-life communication scores (rs = -.414, p = .003). There was a significant difference in decisional regret scores between family members of decedents who received CFC versus those who received LPT (p = .030). Family members’ quality of general communication (p = .030) and end-of-life communication (p = .014) were significant predictors of family members’ decisional conflict scores. Qualitative themes related to AA family members’ experiences in end-of-life decision-making included understanding (e.g., feeling prepared or unprepared for death), relationships with healthcare providers (e.g., being shown care, distrust) and the quality of communication (e.g., being informed, openness, and inadequate information). Additional qualitative themes were related to perceptions of the decision to continue LPT (e.g., a lack of understanding, believe will benefit) or discontinue LPT (e.g., patient preferences, desire to prevent suffering). In conclusion, this study generated new knowledge of the factors that influenced AA bereaved family members’ end-of-life decision-making for decedents with serious illnesses. Directions for future research were identified.
Hovell, Devika. "The value of procedure : formalist and substantive approaches to procedural fairness in Security Council sanctions decision-making." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2012. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.711638.
Повний текст джерелаSmith, Derek George. "The level of moral decision making amongst university residence rugby players." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/53656.
Повний текст джерелаENGLISH ABSTRACT: The current study was an investigation into the moral development amongst rugby players in residence at the University of Stellenbosch. An adapted version of the Ethic of Care Interview was applied on thirty participants, 15 rugby players and 15 non-rugby players. Results were analysed using the Mann-Whitney U test and indicated that there was no significant difference in moral reasoning between the two groups. However, there was a significant difference (p
Tsahuridu, Eva Evdokia. "Moral autonomy in organisational decisions." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2003. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/1289.
Повний текст джерелаWong, Wai-hung, and 黃偉雄. "Ethical decision-making in individual counselling among secondary school guidance teachers." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1998. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31960558.
Повний текст джерелаZhang, Ying. "An empirical study of the effect of whistleblowing judgment on whistleblowing intention : investigating the moderating roles of positive mood and organizational ethical culture." HKBU Institutional Repository, 2006. http://repository.hkbu.edu.hk/etd_ra/728.
Повний текст джерелаMunoobhai, Sharika. "Alternative execution strategies to overcoming institutional voids and institutional distance in BoP markets." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/45034.
Повний текст джерелаDissertation (MBA)--University of Pretoria, 2014.
lmgibs2015
Gordon Institute of Business Science (GIBS)
Unrestricted
Tam, Ka Keung. "Situational influences on moral orientation and moral judgment of the Chinese people : theoretical exploration and empirical validation." HKBU Institutional Repository, 2004. http://repository.hkbu.edu.hk/etd_ra/541.
Повний текст джерелаVan, der Walt J. C. "The effect of incentive based directors' remuneration on ethical decision making in organisations." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/49796.
Повний текст джерелаENGLISH ABSTRACT: The historical development of the role of directors in public listed companies contains inherent tensions by reference to the fiduciary responsibility of directors and the method in which directors are remunerated. The nature of incentive based remuneration is such that it will compel directors, in certain circumstances, to weigh their interests against those towards whom they owe a duty of care and a moral responsibility to act with prudence and temperance. The modem day corporate environment is complex and calls for directors with strong ethical views. This assignment endeavours to identify some of the complexities that contribute towards directors finding it difficult to stay on the ethical "straight and narrow" and attempts to weigh the effect of those factors against the effect of incentive remuneration, both as detractors from ethical behaviour. Both the shareholder supremacy business model and the stakeholder approach are analysed to identify those factors present in each that may add to the ethical complexity that directors have to deal with. The advent of the stakeholder approach in particular, adds an enormous amount of complexity. The case studies deal with two South African financial services companies that have both ceased trading as a consequence of unethical behaviour. The incentive remuneration models of both companies have been found to have played a major contributing role in the decision making processes in the companies, and have contributed to the demise of these organisations. Lessons are taken from the case studies and applied against the backdrop of the various principles of ethical behaviour namely rights, utility, justice and the ethics of responsibility. The finding of this study is that there is a role for incentive remuneration of directors, provided that the ethical pitfalls that this causes are recognised and steps taken to address them. Some of these steps are identified.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die historiese ontwikkeling van die direkteursrol, en spesifiek van openbare genoteerde maatskappye bevat inherente teenstrydighede met verwysmg na direkteursvergoeding en die vertrouensverpligtinge wat op direkteure rus. Die aard van direkteursvergoeding met 'n aansporingskomponent is so dat dit 'n direkteur van tyd tot tyd in 'n posisie plaas waar hy tussen sy eie belange en die van die ander belanghebbendes in 'n maatskappy, aan wie hy dit verskuldig is om met verdrag en versigtig op te tree, moet kies. Die hedendaagse maatskappyomgewing is kompleks van aard, en vereis direkteure met sterk etiese oortuigings. Hierdie werkstuk poog om sommige van die komplekse faktore wat afbreuk doen aan 'n direkteur se vermoe om ten alle tye streng eties op te tree, te identifiseer en op te weeg teen die effek wat direkteursvergoeding speel - beide as items wat afbreuk doen aan etiese optrede. Hier word ondersoek ingestel na beide die sogenaamde "aandeelhouersmodel" asook die" belanghebbende" model waarvolgens besigheid bedryf word. Die ontsluimering van die belanghebbende model veroorsaak spesifiek 'n aansienlike hoeveelheid etiese kompleksiteit. Die gevallestudies behandel twee Suid Afrikaanse fmansiele instellings wat hul bedrywighede gestaak het as gevolg van onetiese optrede deur direkteure. Die aansporingskomponent van die vergoedingsrnodelle in daardie maatskappye blyk 'n groot bydraende faktor te wees in die onetiese besluitneming wat plaasgevind het, en wat uiteindelik tot die ondergang van die ondernemings gelei het. Laastens, word die lesse wat geleer is uit die gevallestudies, toegepas in gewysigde format, en getoets aan die hand van die verskillende beginsels wat etiese besluitneming onderhou, naamlik die beginsels van regte, regverdigheid, utiliteit en die beginsel van etiese verantwoordelikheid. Daar word tot die slotsom gekom dat daar wel ruimte vir aansporingskemas vir direkteure is, maar dat dit slegs eties regverdigbaar sal wees mits ag geslaan word op die lesse wat uit die gevallestudie voortspruit, tesame met die impementering van sekere korrektiewe maatstawwe.
Caudill, Leann E. "Does Type of Leader Matter in Moral and Risky Decision Making? An Investigation of Transformational and Servant Leadership." Xavier University / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=xavier1396340649.
Повний текст джерелаRobinson, David Alan. "A phenomenological study of how South African entrepreneurs experience and deal with ethical dilemmas." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1002791.
Повний текст джерелаKeyserlingk, Edward W. "Treating seriously disabled newborn children : the role of bioethics in formulating decision-making policies in interaction with law and medicine." Thesis, McGill University, 1985. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=72022.
Повний текст джерелаYeung, Wai-chung, and 楊偉忠. "A study of decision making processes among social workers in the face of ethical dilemmas." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1996. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31250324.
Повний текст джерелаNeveling, Arno. "Globalisation and its influence on ethical decision making in business : China and intellectual property rights." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/5485.
Повний текст джерелаENGLISH ABSTRACT: Ethical decision making in business, the manifestation of business ethics in the individual, is influenced and shaped by various factors, including the external environment, organisational factors and society. In China business ethics, and consequently ethical decision making has emerged and developed mainly as a response to the economic reforms in response to globalisation. Globalisation, a product of the interaction of political and predominantly economic liberalisation, largely brought about by technological change, has become a household word since the last decade of the twentieth century. It is hailed by its advocates as a way to spread cosmopolitan values as well as better employment conditions and standards of living. Its critics, however, see it as a new wave of colonialism imposed by developed countries and multinational companies on poor countries, a synonym to exploitation and impoverishment of both people and nature. A contested issue on globalisation is concerned with its consequences as to the convergence of societies toward a uniform pattern of economic, political, and even cultural organisation, and thus to the formation of a global ethic. A change in approach towards intellectual property and the trends observed in patent applications indicate to what degree various countries have embraced the opportunities presented by globalisation. China is a prime example of a country that embraced the opportunities, and also made the required changes in policies and behaviour. Globalisation has changed the environment in which everyone is competing forever. International institutions play a significant role, and being part of treaties is paramount if countries want to play in the global market. Thus, globalisation changed the external environment that has an important influence on ethical decision making by individuals. These changes are followed by changes in countries' legal environments. As a result the rules by which companies have to play are also influenced, changing the way management should and eventually do behave, which will ultimately change the work experience gained by an individual. A change in individual factors will eventually change the ethical philosophy and the decision ideal of an individual, which also have an impact on ethical decision making. The end result is that globalisation has a profound influence on every factor that influence an individual making ethical decisions. However, these changes can take very long to start to manifest, a fact seen in the lag between policy changes and observing tangible changes in approach to intellectual property rights, as observed in China.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Etiese besluitneming deur die individu word beinvloed deur 'n wye verskeidenheid faktore, waaronder die eksterne omgewing, die organisasie waarvoor die individu werk, en ook die kultuur gemeenskap. Sake etiek in China, en dus ook etiese besluitneming het ontwikkel as die resultaat van ekonomiese beleidsveranderinge wat teweeg gebring is deur globalisering. Globalisering is die produk van die grootskaalse liberalisering van ekonomiee, aangehelp deur tegnologiese vooruitgang. Voorstanders van globalisering glo dat dit die verspreiding en groei van kosmopolitaanse waardes tot gevolg het, en uiteindelik lei tot beter werksomstandighede en lewensstandaarde vir almal. Die kritici meen egter dat dit 'n nuwe vorm van kolonialisme is waardeur ontwikkelde lande en internasionale besighede die ontwikkelende lande uitbuit. Die mate waarin globalisering lei tot die konvergensie van gemeenskappe na 'n uniforme ekonomiese, politiese en kulturele entiteit, word egter betwis. Gevolglik word daar ook gevra of globalisering lei tot die totstandkoming van 'n globale etiese kode. Lande benader die geleenthede wat globalisering bied op verskillende maniere. Hierdie verskille is duidelik sigbaar in die benadering wat gevolg word met intellektuele eiendom. Die tendense oor die afgelope paar jaar in die aantal aansoeke om patente te registreer, verskil dramaties van land tot land. China is 'n goeie voorbeeld van 'n land wat die geleentheid met beide hande aangegryp het. Nie net is beleid aangepas om voordeel uit die geleentheid te trek nie, maar mense se houding het ook dienooreenkomstig verander. Globalisering het die omgewing vir kompetisie dramaties verander. Internasionale organisasies speel 'n belangrike rol, en die ondertekening van verskeie ooreenkomste is ononderhandelbaar om ten volle deel te wees van die globale ekonomie. Globalisering het die eksterne omgewing sodanig verander dat dit nie anders kan as om 'n impak te hê op die besluitneming van individue nie. Die veranderende eksterne omgewing het noodgedwonge gelei tot veranderinge in die wette van verskeie lande. Die reels waaraan besighede moet voldoen is dus ook beinvloed, en so ook die manier waarop bestuur moet optree. Uiteindelik sal hierdie ook die ervaring van werknemers verander, en dus 'n impak hê op etiese besluitneming. Die uiteinde is dat globalisering elke faktor wat 'n impak het op etiese besluitneming beinvloed. Hierdie veranderinge kan egter 'n lang tyd neem om gestalte te vind in die optrede van organisasies en indivdue. 'n Goeie voorbeeld word gevind in China. Dit het 'n geruime tyd geneem vanaf beleid ten opsigte van intellektuele eiendom ingestel is totdat organsiasies en individue 'n verandering in gedrag en optrede begin toon het deur patente ernstig te beskou.
Takaki, Margaret Alice. "Understanding comprehensive environmental decision making with navigational aids for the 1990s and beyond." Thesis, University of Stirling, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/1872.
Повний текст джерелаJohnson, Kris Kaufmann, and Melissa Noelle Moelter. "Decision making and identifying services: Differences among elderly women." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 1999. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/1935.
Повний текст джерелаFletcher, Kirsten. "Nutritional support for the terminally ill patient : attitudes and ethics education of dietitians /." Thesis, This resource online, 1993. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-09292009-020254/.
Повний текст джерелаRogers, Joanna. ""Agency and language in the clinical setting"." Thesis, McGill University, 1989. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=59377.
Повний текст джерелаThe role and function of language and its relationship to the ascription of human agency in the clinical setting is discussed. A patient's understanding and interpretation of the meaning of illness or disease requires a dialogue between patient and care giver such that the patient's agential horizons are incorporated into the decision-making process. A review is called for, therefore, of the dominance given to the technological over the human agential dimensions of decision-making in the health care environment.
Goldstein, Daniel M. (Daniel Michael). "Medicine as practical wisdom : an old foundation for a new way of thinking in biomedical ethics." Thesis, McGill University, 1989. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=22372.
Повний текст джерелаMcBean, Mary Eunice. "Ethical curriculum development and teaching." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2003. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/2360.
Повний текст джерелаDouglas, Matthew Aaron. "Commercial Motor Vehicle Driver Safety: An Application of Ethics Theory." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2009. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc11048/.
Повний текст джерелаSidler, Daniel. "Medical futility as an action guide in neonatal end-of-life decisions." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/50017.
Повний текст джерелаENGLISH ABSTRACT: This thesis discusses the value of medical futility as an action guide for neonatal endof- life decisions. The concept is contextualized within the narrative of medical progress, the uncertainty of medical prognostication and the difficulty of just resource allocation, within the unique African situation where children are worse off today than they were at the beginning of the last century. parties actively engage in an interactive deliberation for a plan of action. Both parties ought to accept moral responsibility. Such a model of deliberation has the added advantage of transcending the limitations of the participants to arrive at a higher-level solution, which is considered more than just a consensus. It has been argued that medical progress has obscured the basic need for human compassion for the dying and for their loved ones. The literature furthermore reports that the quality of end-of-life care is unsatisfactory for both patients and their families. It is within this context that the concept of medical futility is positioned as a useful action guide. As we do not have the luxury of withdrawing from the responsibility to engage in the deliberation of end-of-life decisions, such responsibility demands an increasing awareness of ethical dilemmas and a model of medical training where communication, conflict-resolution, inclusive history taking, with assessment of patient values and preferences, is focussed on. The capacity for empathetic care has to be emphasized as an integral part of such approach. Finally, in this thesis, the concept of medical futility is tested and applied to clinical case scenarios. It is argued that the traditional medical paradigm, with its justification of an 'all out war' against disease and death, in order to achieve utopia for all, is outdated. Death in the neonatal intensive care unit is increasingly attributed to end-of-life decisions. Futile treatment could be considered a waste of scarce resources, contradicting the principle of nonmaleficence and justice, particularly in an African context. The ongoing confidence in, and uncritical submission to the technological progress in medicine is understood as a defence and coping mechanism against the backdrop of the experience of life's fragility, suffering and the inevitability of death. Such uncritical acceptance of the technological imperative could lead to a harmful fallacy that cure is effected by prolonging life at all cost. What actually occurs, instead, is the prolongation of the dying process, increasing suffering for all parties involved. The historical development of the concept of medical futility is discussed, highlighting its applicability to the paradigmatic scenario of cardio-pulmonary resuscitation. Particular attention is given to ways in which the concept could endanger patient-autonomy by allowing physicians to make unilateral, paternalistic decisions. It is argued that the informative model of the patient-physician relationship, where the physician's role is to disclose information in order for the patient to indicate her preferences, ought to be replaced by a more adequate deliberative model, where both
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Hierdie tesis bespreek die waarde van mediese futiliteit as 'n maatstaf vir aksie in gevalle van neonatale 'einde-van-lewe' besluite. Die konsep word gekontekstualiseer binne die wêreldbeskouing van mediese vooruitgang, die onsekerheid van mediese prognostikering en die probleme wat geassosieer IS met regverdige hulpbrontoekenning; spesifiek binne die unieke Afrika-situasie. Dit word aangevoer dat die tradisionele mediese paradigma, met regverdiging vir voorkoming van siekte en dood ten alle koste, verouderd is. Sterftes in neonatale intensiewe sorgeenhede word toenemend toegeskryf aan 'einde-van-lewe' besluite Futiele behandeling sou dus beskou kon word as 'n vermorsing van skaars hulpbronne, wat teenstrydig sou wees met die beginsels nie-skadelikheid ('nonmaleficence') en regverdigheid. Die volgehoue vertroue in en onkritiese aanvaarding van aansprake op tegnologiese vooruitgang lil geneeskunde, kan beskou word as verdediging- en hanteringsmeganisme in die belewenis van lewenskwesbaarheid, lyding en die onafwendbaarheid van die dood. Sodanige onkritiese aanvaarding van die tegnologiese imperatief kan tot 'n onverantwoordbare denkfout, naamlik dat genesing plaasvind deur verlenging van lewe ten alle koste, lei. Wat hierteenoor eerder mag plaasvind, is 'n verlenging die sterwensproses en, gepaard daarmee, toenemende lyding van all betrokke partye. Die historiese ontwikkeling van die konsep van mediese futiliteit word bespreek met klem op die toepaslikheid daarvan op die paradigmatiese situasie van kardiopulmonêre resussitasie. Spesifieke aandag word gegee aan maniere waarop die konsep pasiënte se outonomie in gevaar stel, deur die betrokke medici die reg te gee tot eensydige, paternalistiese besluitneming. Die argument is dan dat die informatiewe model, waar die verhouding tussen die dokter en pasiënt gebasseer is op die beginsel dat die dokter inligting moet verskaf aan die pasiënt sodat die pasiënt 'n ingeligte besluit kan neem, vervang moet word met 'n meer toepaslike beraadslagende model, waar sowel die dokter as die pasiënt aktief deelneem aan interaktiewe beraadslaging oor 'n aksieplan. Albei partye word dan moreel verantwoordbaar. So 'n model van beraadslaging het die bykomende voordeel dat dit die beperkings van die deelnemers kan transendeer. Sodoende word 'n hoër-vlak oplossing - iets meer as 'n blote consensus - te weeg gebring. Die argument word ontwikkel dat mediese vooruitgang meelewing met die sterwendes en hul geliefdes mag verberg. Verder dui die literatuur daarop dat die kwaliteit van einde-van-lewe-sorg vir sowel die pasiënte as hul familie onaanvaarbaar is. Dit is binne hierdie konteks dat die konsep van mediese futiliteit kan dien as 'n maatstaf vir aksie. Medici kan nie verantwoordelikheid vir deelname aan beraadslaging rondom eindevan- lewe beluitneming vermy nie, en as sodanig vereis die situasie toenemende bewustheid van sowel die etiese dilemmas as 'n mediese opleidingsmodel waann kommunikasie, konflikhantering, omvattende geskiedenis-neming, met insluiting van die pasient se waardes en voorkeure, beklemtoon word. Die kapasiteit vir empatiese sorg moet weer eens beklemtoon word as 'n integrale deel van hierdie benadering. Ten slotte, hierdie tesis poog om die konsep van mediese futiliteit te toets en toe te pas op kliniese situasies.
Maharajh, Rajinder Jain. "Values and concerns in decision-making about a waste-reduction incinerator at Stormsriver, Tsitsikamma : a case study in applied ethics." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/49805.
Повний текст джерелаFull text to be digitised and attached to bibliographic record.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The Tsitsikamma Forest, in the most southern part of the Eastern Cape, is part of the Cape Floral Kingdom, one of six such Kingdoms in the world. It has the richest area of plant bio-diversity and fauna in the world which are rare and endemic to the area. The deep gorges, temperate forests, un spoilt oceans and various other features such as the famous Bloukrantz River Bridge, where the world's highest bungi jumps take place are factors that have become the main source of job-creation and income for tourism and its inter-related activities. However, this ecosystem is also home to about 480 families who live in low-income housing at Stormsriver. This settlement which was relocated from the shack area of Coesa, nearby, has an unemployment index of 67% and a similar poverty index. In addition, the Stormsriver Village nearby has a population of about 300 families, mainly older retired white folks. The area is administered by the Koukamma Municipality which is an amalgam of several smaller municipalities viz., Clarkeson, Kareedouw, Stormsriver, Woodlands, Eerste River, ]oubertina and Bloukrantz. Waste reduction and the disposal thereof has always been a major concern to local authorities and the Koukamma Municipality is obviously faced with the same challenge. The authorities have resorted to the concept of landfill sites, which has proven to be the cheapest solution to date. But, with this option comes the problems of health risks to the poorer people who converge on the dump sites in search of food, the harm to children searching through rubbish heaps and the various legal repercussions emanating out of this practice. The option of open-burning and its related effects on human life and forest fires rules it out as an option. Transporting waste out of the area is also very costly. It was then resolved by the Koukamma Municipalities that the possibility of installing an incinerator at Stormsriver would be an option to be investigated. The reasoning behind the selection of this site was the concern of high unemployment in the Stormsriver area and extreme poverty and this venture would in some small measure create jobs, put food on the table and break the poverty cycle. The process of incineration gives rise to emissions such as dioxins and furans which is known to cause cancer, asthma and tuberculosis, if subjected in high doses over a long period of time. It is also regulated by the Atmospheric Pollution Act 45 of 1965. The important moral debate at the core of this problem is the whole question of humans rights and should these be violated solely because the subjects do not belong to an affluent class and should be shown less respect and have their health jeopardised by the toxic air from incineration. Or, should the people's poverty index rise further due to lack of employment. The question that also begs here is whether the well-being of the entire ecosystem, especially the rare and endangered plants and animals take preference over the well-being of the people of Stormsriver, given that the emissions from the incinerator will impact on the animal, bird and plant life, including that of water, soil and air. This would also put into jeopardy the income generated by Tourism and the jobs inherent in it for the locals and would threaten the area's sustainability. The various moral views of philosophers have been canvassed in order to come to a holistic understanding. I have in this vein looked at the views of ethicists such as Tibor Machan, who believes that animals and other organisms do not have any rights and are there purely for human consumption. Then the views of Peter Singer and Tom Regan have also been included, in which consideration is shown to animals. Others such as AIda Leopold, J. Baird Callicott and Paul Taylor whose thinking extends to that of not just showing respect for a single entity but allows for equal respect for all members of the biotic community, have also been. considered. Various solutions have thereafter been considered and amongst those are the relocation of the incinerator out of the Stormsriver, moving the plant to the industrial zone at Kareedouw, transporting the waste out to Port Elizabeth, dumping and finally the 'Do Nothing' option. Using Paul Taylor's "respect for nature" ethics as a guide, I have come to the conclusion that the installation of a waste-reduction incinerator at Stormsriver, Tsitsikamma, may be supported subject to a set of serious riders and conditions in that firstly, the health of the immediate and surrounding inhabitants should not be affected in any way whatsoever. Secondly, the well-being of the non-human environment which must include air, soil, water and plant life, including the animal and bird life must not be harmed in any way. In this way all members of the biotic community will be shown equal respect, thus creating a viable and sustainable community
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die Tsitsikamma Woude, in die mees suidelike deel van the Oos-Kaap, is deel van die "Cape Floral Kingdom", een van ses sulke woudgebiede in die wêreld. Dit beskerm die rykste area van plant bio-verskeidenheid asook fauna wat skaars is in die wêreld en slegs daar gevind word. Die diep bergpasse. gemagtigde woude en ongerepte oseaan, tesame met die beroemde Bloukransrivier brug waar die wêreld se hoogste bungi spronge plaasvind is faktore wat bygedra het dat werkskepping en inkomste hoofsaaklik uit toerisme en verwante bedrywe afkomstig is. Hierdie eko-sisteem is ook die tuiste vir ongeveer 480 gesinne wat in sub-ekonomiese huise in Stormsrivier woon. Hierdie gemeenskappie wat vanaf die naby geleë Coesa hervesig is, het 'n werkloosheid sowel as armoede syfer van 67%. Bykomend is daar die Stormsriver nedersetting daar naby met 'n bevolking van 300 families, hoofsaaklik ouer, afgetrede blankes. Die gebied word bestuur deur die Koukamma Munisipaliteit wat in 'n samesmelting van 'n hele paar kleiner munisipaliteite is o.a Clarkson, Kareedouw, Stormsrivier, Woodlands, Eerste Rivier, ]oubertina en Bloukrans. Die vermindering van afvalstowwe asook die verwydering daarvan was maar altyd 'n groet kopseer vir die plaaslike owerhede en dit geld nou ook vir die Koukamma Munisipaliteit. Die owerhede het besluit op die konsep van afvalstortings areas omdat dit die goedkoopste oplossing tot nou toe is. Met hierdie opsie kom egter die probleem van gesondheids risiko's vir die armer gemeenskappe (mense) wat op hierdie stortings terreine toesak op soek na kos, die beserings wat kinders opdoen wat die gemors deursoek asook die wettige terugslag wat hierdie praktyk totgevolg het. Die gevaar van oop vure en die effek wat dit sou hê op mense en die woud self maak dat hierdie opsie nie oorweeg word nie. Ook is dit te duur om afvalstowwe uit die gebied uit te vervoer. Die Koukamma Munisipaliteit het toe besluit om die instállering van 'n verbrandingsoond by Stormsrivier te ondersoek. Die rede om hierdie gebied te kies was die hoë werkloosheid syfer en armoede in Stormsrivier. Hierdie besluit sou werkskepping, kos op die tafel en die verbreking van die armoede-siklus tot gevolg hê. Die proses van verbranding het aanleiding gegee tot die nuwe gevare van skadelike afval produkte van dioksiede en furane wat kanker, asma en tuberkulose tot gevolg het as mense vir lang periodes aan hoë dosisse blootgestel word. Hierdie uitstraling word ook deur die "Atmosferiese Besoedelingswet 45 van 1965" gereguleer. Die belangrike morele debat wat die kern van hierdie probleem vorm is die vraag na menseregte en of die menseregte geskend kan word bloot omdat die mense in die gebied nie aan 'n gegoede klas behoort nie moet daar minder respek aan hulle getoon word en moet hul gesondheid in die weeg skaal geplaas word deur die giftige lug as gevolg van die verbrandering van afvalstowwe, of moet werkloosheid verder styg as gevolg van die gebrek aan werk? Die ander vraag wat gevra moet word is of die welvaart van die hele ekosisteem, veral die van skaars en bedreigde plante en diere voorkeur moet geniet bo die welvaart van die mense van Stormsrivier gegee die feit dat die uitstraling van die verbrandingsoond ook 'n inpak gaan hê op die diere, voëls en plant lewe inkluisend op water, grond en lug. Dit sal ook die inkomste wat uit Toerisme voort gebring word, en die werksgeleenthede vir die plaaslike mense wat daarmee gepaard gaan, in die weegskaal plaas asook die gebied se standhoudendheid bedreig. Die verskeie standpunte van filosowe is na gekyk ten einde tot 'n holistiese verstaan van die situasie te kom. Langs hierdie weg het ek dan na die etiese standpunt van Tibor Machan gekyk. Tibor Machan glo dat diere en ander organismes geen regte het nie en dat hulle daar is vir die uitsluitlike gebruik deur mense. Die standpunte van Peter Singer en Tom Regan, wat 'n mate van sorgsaamheid teenoor diere toon, is ook in ag geneem. Andere wie se standpunte in ag geneem is, is Aldo Leipold,J. Baird Callicot and Paul Taylor. Hulle denkrigting maak voorsiening daarvoor dat respek nie net aan 'n enkele entiteit getoon moet word nie, maar aan almal wat in 'n biotiese gemeenskap saamwoon. Verskeie oplossings is hierna oorweeg onder andere die verskuiwing van die verbrandingsoond buite Stormsrivier na die industriële gebied in Kareedouw, die vervoer van die afval na Port Elizabeth, storting asook die "Doen Niks" opsie. Ek het as etiese riglyn Paul Tayor se "respekteer vir natuur" gebruik en het tot die slotsoom gekom dat die iristallering van 'n afval verminderings verbrandingsoond te Stormsrivier ondersteun kan word met ernstige voorbehoude en voorwaardes deurdat, eerstens, die gesondheid van die onmiddelike en omliggende inwoners op geen manier hoegenaamd aangetas moet word nie. Tweedens, die welvaart van die nie-lewende omgewing met inagneming van lug, grond, water en plantlewe, insluitende die diere en voëls moet op geen manier geskaad word nie. Op hieride maruer sal almal wat deel uitmaak van die biotiese gemeenskap gelyke respek betoon word wat die daarstelling van 'n lewensvatbare en standhoudende gemeenskap tot gevolg sal hê.
Zarkada-Fraser, Anna. "Tendering ethics : a study of collusive tendering from a marketing perspective." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 1998. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/36050/7/36050_Digitised_Thesis.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаHong, Chang-Yu. "The Tension between Technocratic and Social Values in Environmental Decision-making: An'Yang Stream Restoration in South Korea." PDXScholar, 2017. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/3784.
Повний текст джерелаTaylor, David Ian. "A comparison of the ethical decision-making skills of health service providers & consumers concerning long-term prescription and use of opiates." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 1997. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/35884/1/35884_Taylor_1997.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаGauthier, Isabelle. "Analyse de la norme sociale comme contrainte au consentement : l'exemple de la recherche biomédicale en situation d'urgence." Thesis, McGill University, 2000. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=31052.
Повний текст джерелаRamovha, Ndivhuwo M. "Leadership and productive school culture at selected secondary schools in Limpopo province." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/2010.
Повний текст джерелаENGLISH ABSTRACT: This study explores leadership and productive school culture, and focuses on school leadership at selected schools in the Nzhelele West Circuit in the Limpopo Province. Leadership plays a pivotal role in the functioning of any organisation, be it in business or in education, and the concept of leadership has become more prominent over the last decade, and there are various debates around its meaning and what it entails. In order to develop a better understanding of leadership, a literature review is conducted. This review highlights the differences between leadership and management, and explores different leadership styles. With regards to productive school culture, this study indicates that schools may look alike in terms of their physical structure, composition of staff members and purpose of their existence, but may differ drastically on how they operate. This kind of culture represents the common shared values, rituals, ceremonies, stories and an internal cultural network that values heroes, such as an extraordinary teacher. I conclude that school culture and school leadership are inseparable issues because cultural management remains the responsibility of the school leadership This study finds that leadership is of vital importance in all organisations, and that the meanings of the concept of leadership have changed over years. Further, administering schools in a democratic fashion still pose tremendous challenges to the school leadership as a whole. It seems as if the schools which are part of this investigation still struggle to adjust to a democratic dispensation. This research therefore concludes that school leaders need to ensure that they are both good managers and effective leaders. They must also ensure that the culture at their schools is conducive for teaching and learning. Keywords: leadership, management, schools, leadership styles, productive school culture.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die studie behels leierskap en produktiewe skool kultuur, en ondersoek skool leierskap by verskeie skole in die Nzhehele-Wes kring in die Limpopo Provinsie. Leierskap speel „n belangrike rol in die funksionering van enige organisasie, en die konsep het meer prominent geword oor die afgelope dekade. Daar is ook verskeie debate rondom die betekenis van die konsep. Met die doel om „n beter begrip van leierskap te verkry, is „n literatuur studie voltooi. Die literatuur studie dui op die verskille tussen leierskap en bestuur, en verskeie leierskap style word ondersoek. Met betrekking tot produktiewe skool kultuur toon die navorsing dat skole dieselfde mag lyk ten opsigte van hul fisiese struktuur, personeel samestelling, en die doel van hul bestaan, maar mag drasties verskil in hulle funkionering. Dié tipe kultuur verwys na gemeenskaplike waardes, rituele, seremonies, stories en „n interne netwerk wat helde, soos buitengewone leiers, vereer. My gevolgtrekking is dat skool kultuur en skool leierskap onskeibaar is omdat die kulturele bestuur nog steeds the verantwoordelikheid van die skool leierskap is. Die studie bevind dat leierskap van kardinale belang in alle organisasies is, en dat die betekenis van die konsep “leierskap” oor jare baie verander het. Verder bied demokratiese skool administrasie nog steeds baie uitdagings aan skool leiers. Dit wil voorkom asof skole in die ondersoek ook probleme ondervind om aan te pas by „n demokratiese bedeling. Hierdie ondersoek kom tot die gevolgtrekking dat skool leiers moet poog om beide goeie bestuurders en effektiewe leiers te wees. Hulle moet ook verseker dat die kultuur by hul skole leer en onderrig ondersteun. Sleutelwoorde: leierskap, bestuur, skole, leierskap style, skool kultuur.
Conradie, Niël. "The nexus of control : intentional activity and moral accountability." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/13660.
Повний текст джерелаMilan, Juliana Cristina. "Comportamento oportunista nas escolhas cont??beis : a influ??ncia das emo????es e do tra??o de personalidade." FECAP, 2014. http://tede.fecap.br:8080/jspui/handle/jspui/726.
Повний текст джерелаMade available in DSpace on 2017-04-03T23:58:55Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Juliana_Cristina_Milan.pdf: 2666498 bytes, checksum: 489e19e6f6b77014d08dd347bc4e4aa2 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-08-29
Corporate fraud and other harmful practices might find support in accounting. For managers and preparers of financial statements the presence of rules that allow discretion in the choice of practices for recognition and measurement could encourage opportunistic behavior. Opportunistic behavior occurs when someone deliberately departs from the faithful representation of the economic event to benefit himself or others, generating a biased information. The subjects are influenced in their choice by a number of reasons, which may be internal or external nature. The external reasons are derived from capital markets, regulation, contracts, among others, while the internal are connected to the emotions, psychological profile, etc. The objective of this research was to determine whether opportunistic behavior in accounting choices is influenced by emotions and the personality trait of machiavellianism. A questionnaire was developed and 505 valid responses from students in their final year undergraduate and postgraduate were collected. With regard to the data processing, univariate and bivariate descriptive analysis of the variables, factor analysis for the development of the constructs of emotions and machiavellianism, and finally, multinomial logistic regression were performed to study the relationship between accounting choices and the demographic profile the constructs of emotions and machiavellianism. For the emotions, it was observed that while the negative promotes, the positive inhibit opportunistic behavior on accounting choices. About machiavellianism, the results indicate that amorality promotes and the desire to control inhibits opportunistic behavior on accounting choices. Based on the research findings we can infer that internal motivation should be observed, to the extent that positive emotions if promoted by market regulators and academia, and negative, if avoided, may contribute to inhibit corporate fraud.
Fraudes corporativas e outras pr??ticas lesivas podem encontrar suporte na contabilidade. Para gestores e preparadores das demonstra????es financeiras a presen??a de normas que permitem a discricionariedade na escolha de pr??ticas de reconhecimento e mensura????o pode favorecer o comportamento oportunista. Considera-se comportamento oportunista aquele que deliberadamente distancia da representa????o fidedigna do evento econ??mico para benef??cio pr??prio ou de terceiros, gerando uma informa????o com vi??s. Os sujeitos s??o influenciados no momento da escolha por uma s??rie de motiva????es, as quais podem ser de cunho interno ou externo. As de cunho externo s??o provenientes do mercado de capitais, da regula????o, de contratos, entre outros, enquanto as de cunho interno s??o ligadas ??s emo????es, perfil psicol??gico, etc. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi verificar se o comportamento oportunista nas escolhas cont??beis ?? influenciado pelas emo????es e pelo tra??o de personalidade do maquiavelismo. Para a operacionaliza????o de tal pesquisa foi desenvolvido um question??rio e coletadas 505 respostas v??lidas de alunos do ??ltimo ano de gradua????o e de p??s-gradua????o. No que concerne ao tratamento dos dados, foram realizadas an??lise descritiva univariada e bivariada das vari??veis, an??lise fatorial para o desenvolvimento dos constructos de emo????es e maquiavelismo e, por fim, uma regress??o log??stica multinomial para estudar a rela????o entre as escolhas cont??beis e o perfil dos respondentes, os constructos de emo????es e maquiavelismo. Os resultados obtidos indicaram que emo????es afetam o comportamento oportunista em escolhas cont??beis, sendo que as negativas promovem enquanto as positivas inibem. Sobre o maquiavelismo, os resultados indicam que amoralidade promove e desejo de controle inibe o comportamento oportunista em escolhas cont??beis. Com base nos resultados da pesquisa ?? poss??vel inferir que as motiva????es internas devem ser observadas, na medida em que as emo????es positivas, se promovidas pelos reguladores de mercado e academia, e as negativas se forem evitadas, podem contribuir para inibir fraudes corporativas.
Kutame, Azwidohwi Philip. "Researching sensitive issues in education in the Limpopo Province of South Africa." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/50080.
Повний текст джерелаENGLISH ABSTRACT: Researchers in Social Sciences have generally encountered problems in ensuring data quality when dealing with topics that are regarded as sensitive. This thesis reports on an investigation into the methodology used for research projects around sensitive issues in education in the Limpopo Province of South Africa. Data consists of twelve interviews with individual principals (each interview schedule containing semi-structured question items from ten categories) and a thirty-three item self-report questionnaire survey administered to one hundred and fifty principals drawn from two hundred and seventy two secondary schools over the course of an academic year (2002) and conducted in the Limpopo Province of South Africa .. Results reveal nine major categories of sensitive issues in school management on which principals have difficulty in providing information to researchers: school policy, school financial issues, moral or social relations issues, learner and educator disciplinary issues, working conditions, absenteeism, developmental appraisal, educator unions, and religious matters policy issues. Principals have also reported on the various reasons why they regard each of the aspects as sensitive, thereby making it difficult for them to provide information around. Of these, moral issues were considered the most sensitive. The major reasons given were: confidentiality, intrusion of privacy, fear oflegal sanction, threat to work and violation of the rights of the individual. Analysis of the different sensitive issues also show that certain biographical characteristics - age of the principal and years of experience as principal - are significant mediators in principals' perceptions of sensitive issues in school management. That is to say, these contribute to principals' assessment of their emotional, physical and psychological well-being. Sensitivity is a problem when collecting data for research purposes. It warrants the attention of all those involved in social science research. The findings in this study point to the issues in school management that are highly sensitive to provide information suggesting that data collected would therefore not be of a high quality.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Menige navorsers in sosiale wetenskappe het oor die algemeen probleme teëgekom met die versekering van data kwaliteit in sensitiewe onderwerpe. Hierdie tesis raporteer oor 'n ondersoeke in die metodologie gebruik vir navorsing projekte rondom sensitiewe onderwerpe in onderwys in die Limpopo Provinsie in Suid-Afrika. Data bestaan uit twaalf onderhoude met individuele prinsipale (elke onderhoud se skedule bevat se gestruktureerde items van tien katagorieë) en 'n drie-en-dertig item (self-report) vraelys wat onder 150 prinsipale uitgedeel is, waarvan 272 sekondêre skole oor 'n tydperk van 'n akademiese jaar (2002) gebruik was in die Limpopo Provinsie van Suid Afrika. Die resultate toon nege hoof onderwerpe in skoolbestuur waar prinsipale dit moeilik vind om informasie aan navorsers te verskaf: skoolbeleid, finansiële onderwerpe, moraliteite of sosiale verhoudinge, leerder en onderwyser dissiplinêre onderwerpe, werkverhoudinge, afwesigheid, personeelontwikkeling, onderwysunies, en godsdienstige sake. Prinsipale raporteer om verskeie redes waarom hulle elk van die aspekte as sensitief beskou. Onder hierdie is morele sake as die sensitiefste geklasifiseer. Die hoofredes hiervoor is gegee as vertroulikheid, inbreuk van privaatheid, vrees vir wettige sanksies, dreigemente in die werk en skending van die regte van die indiwidueel. Analiese van die verskillende sensitiewe sake toon aan dat verskeie biografiese eienskappe - ouderdom van die prinsipaal - is oorsake in die prinsipaal se persepties in die prinsipaal se sake onder die skool se bestuur. Dit se met ander woorde bogenoemde dra by tot die prinsipaal se emosionele en fisiese geestelike toestand. Sensitifiteit is 'n probleem wanneer data vir navorsing doeleindes verkry word. Dit regverdig die aandag van die mense betrokke in sosiale wetenskap navorsing. Die bevinding in hierdie studie verwys na sake in skoolbestuur wat hoogssensitief is om informasie te voorsien, en stel voor dat die data verkry is nie van hoë standard is nie.
Le, Roux-Kemp Andra. "A legal perspective on the power imbalances in the doctor-patient relationship." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/1330.
Повний текст джерелаENGLISH ABSTRACT: The unique and intimate relationship that exists between a medical practitioner and his/her client is possibly one of the most important relationships that can come into being between any two people. This relationship is characterised and influenced by the qualities and attributes specific to the nature and historical development of medical care, as well as medical science in general. The doctor-patient relationship is also influenced by the social dynamics of a particular community, environmental factors, technological advances and the general social and commercial evolution of the human race. With regard to medical care and health service delivery, the doctor-patient relationship is furthermore vital to the quality of the care provided, as well as to the outcomes and relative success of the specific medical intervention or treatment. One of the distinct characteristics of the doctor-patient relationship is the power imbalance inherent in this relationship. The medical practitioner has expert knowledge and skill, while the patient finds himself or herself in an unusually dependent and vulnerable position. It is because of this important role that the doctor-patient relationship still plays in health service delivery today; the susceptibility of the relationship to a variety of influences, and the characteristic power imbalances inherent in this relationship, that a study of the doctor-patient relationship in South African medical- and health law is necessary. The characteristic power imbalances will be considered from a legal perspective in this dissertation. This study provides a comprehensive source of the doctor-patient relationship from a legal perspective. Where relevant, references are made to theories and principles from other disciplines, including sociology, economy and medical ethnomethodology. The prevalence and consequences of power imbalances in the doctor-patient relationship are identified and discussed with the aim of bringing these to the attention of both the legal fraternity, and medical practitioners. Specific problem areas are identified and solutions are offered, including the following: • The adverse consequences of power imbalances inherent in the doctor-patient relationship on the medical decision-making process are considered from various perspectives. With regard to these adverse consequences, the doctrine of informed consent is analysed and evaluated in great detail. • The influence of paternalistic notions in health service delivery; the business model of health service delivery and the effects of managed care and consumer-directed health care on the doctor-patient relationship and health service delivery in general are also analysed from a legal perspective, and specifically with regard to the power imbalances inherent in this relationship. • The role of autonomy, self-determination and dignity, as well as the principles of beneficence in medical practice, are reconsidered in an attempt to provide a solution for redressing the power imbalances inherent in the doctor-patient relationship. • The fiduciary nature of the doctor-patient relationship and the special role of trust in the relationship are emphasised throughout the dissertation as the focal point of departure in the doctor-patient relationship and the main constituent in any legal endeavor to redress the power imbalances inherent in it.
AFRIKAANS OPSOMMING: Die unieke en intieme verhouding wat bestaan tussen ‘n mediese praktisyn en ‘n pasiënt is wêreldwyd waarskynlik een van die belangrikste verhoudings wat tussen twee persone tot stand kan kom. Hierdie verhouding word gekenmerk en beïnvloed deur kwaliteite en eienskappe eie aan die besonderse aard en historiese ontwikkeling van gesondheidsorg, sowel as die mediese wetenskap in die algemeen. Die dokter-pasiënt verhouding word verder beïnvloed deur die sosiale dinamika van ‘n bepaalde gemeenskap, omgewingsfaktore, tegnologiese vooruitgang en die algemene sosiale en kommersiële ontwikkeling van die mensdom. Op die terrein van gesondheidsorg en mediese dienslewering is die dokter-pasiënt verhouding voorts ook sentraal tot die kwaliteit van die mediese sorg wat verskaf word, sowel as die uitkomste en relatiewe sukses van die spesifieke mediese behandeling. Een van die kenmerkende eienskappe van die dokter-pasiënt verhouding is die magswanbalans wat daar tussen dokter en pasiënt bestaan. Die mediese praktisyn beskik oor deskundige kennis en vaardighede, terwyl die pasiënt hom- of haarself in ‘n ongewone, afhanklike en kwesbare posisie bevind. Dit is dan veral weens die besondere rol wat hierdie verhouding steeds in hedendaagse gesondheidsorg speel, die beïnvloedbaarheid van hierdie verhouding deur ‘n verskeidenheid faktore, sowel as die kenmerkende magswanbalans inherent in die verhouding, dat ‘n ondersoek na die dokter-pasiënt verhouding in die Suid-Afrikaanse mediese reg noodsaaklik is. Hierdie kenmerkende magswanbalans sal vanuit ‘n regsperspektief verder in hierdie proefskrif ondersoek word. Hierdie studie bied ‘n omvattende bron van die dokter-pasiënt verhouding benader vanuit ‘n regsperspektief, terwyl verwysings na teorieë en beginsels van ander dissiplines soos die sosiologie, ekonomie en mediese etnometodologie ook waar nodig ingesluit word. Die voorkoms en gevolge van ‘n magswanbalans in die dokter-pasiënt verhouding word verder geïdentifiseer en bespreek ten einde dit onder die aandag te bring van beide regslui en medici. Spesifieke probleemareas wat geïdentifiseer is en die oplossings wat daarvoor aan die hand gedoen is sluit die volgende in: • Die nadelige gevolge van die bestaan van ‘n magswanbalans in die dokter-pasiënt verhouding op die mediese-besluitnemingsproses word bespreek vanuit verskillende persepktiewe. Met betrekking tot hierdie nadelige gevolge, word die leerstuk van ingeligte toestemming in besonder geanaliseer en geëvalueer. • Die invloed van ‘n paternalistiese benadering tot gesondheidsorg, die besigheids-model van gesondheidsorg, en die effek van bestuurde- en verbruikersgedrewe gesondheidsorg inisiatiewe op die dokter-pasiënt verhouding en die verskaffing van gesondheidsdienste in die algemeen word ook vanuit ‘n regsperspektief ge-analiseer. Spesifieke aandag word in dié verband gegee aan die invloede van hierdie benaderings en perspektiewe op die magswanbalans inherent aan die dokter-pasiënt verhouding. • Die besondere rol van autonomie, selfbeskikking en menswaardigheid, asook die beginsels van weldadigheid in gesondheidsorg, word heroorweeg in ‘n poging om ‘n meer gelyke distribusie van mag in die dokter-pasiënt verhouding te verseker. • Die fidusiêre aard van die dokter-pasiënt verhouding en die besondere rol wat vertroue in hierdie verhouding speel, word in hierdie proefskrif beklemtoon en word voorts as die basis van die dokter-pasiënt verhouding beskou. Vertroue, as ‘n kenmerk van die dokter-pasiënt verhouding, behoort ook die fokuspunt te wees van enige poging om die magswanbalans in die dokter-pasiënt verhouding aan te spreek.
Sithole, Mthokozisi. "Incorporation of climate change in institutional investors’ short-term investment decision-making." Diss., 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/44454.
Повний текст джерелаDissertation (MBA)--University of Pretoria, 2014.
zkgibs2015
Gordon Institute of Business Science (GIBS)
Unrestricted
Noja, Marcelle Maria. "Moral identity and ethical decision making." Phd thesis, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/156334.
Повний текст джерелаNaicker, Dhirsen. "Moral decision-making : personality type as influence on moral intuitionism." Diss., 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/45007.
Повний текст джерелаDissertation (MBA)--University of Pretoria, 2014.
lmgibs2015
Gordon Institute of Business Science (GIBS)
Unrestricted
Marais, Len. "Moral decision-making : personality type as influence on moral intuitionism." Diss., 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/45032.
Повний текст джерелаDissertation (MBA)--University of Pretoria, 2014.
lmgibs2015
Gordon Institute of Business Science (GIBS)
Unrestricted
Ehrich, Kristine Renee. "Willful ignorance: the avoidance of ethical attribute information." Thesis, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/2152/1955.
Повний текст джерелаPoltera, Jacqueline. "The role of moral residue in determining the reality of genuine moral dilemmas." Thesis, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10413/3960.
Повний текст джерелаThesis (M.A.)-University of Natal, Pietermaritzburg, 2003.