Книги: "Investment Promises"

1

1946-, Patterson Kerry, ed. Crucial confrontations: Tools for resolving broken promises, violated expectations, and bad behavior. New York: McGraw-Hill, 2005.

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2

United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation. "Promises made, promises kept: Are international trade agreements really investment agreements?" : hearing before the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation, United States Senate, One Hundred Seventh Congress, first session, August 1, 2001. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 2004.

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3

Murray, Louise C. Full of eastern promise?: Feasible investment opportunities for Irish investors in eastern Europe. Dublin: University College Dublin, 1992.

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4

Baldia, Sonia. Outlook on India 2010: Delivering on the promise in turbulent times. New York, N.Y: Practising Law Institute, 2010.

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5

(Canada), Policy Research Initiative. Exploring the promise of asset-based social policies: Reviewing evidence from research and practice : synthesis report. Ottawa, Ont: Policy Research Initiative, 2003.

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6

Kujaca, James A. The trillion dollar promise: An inside look at corporate pension money, how its managed, and for whose benefit. Chicago: Irwin Professional Pub., 1996.

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7

Dukakis, Michael S. Creating the future: The Massachusetts comeback and its promise for America. New York: Summit Books, 1988.

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8

Committee on Commerce Science (senate), United States Senate, and United States United States Congress. Promises Made, Promises Kept: Are International Trade Agreements Really Investment Agreements? Independently Published, 2019.

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9

24 Hour Cities: Real Investment Performance, Not Just Promises. Taylor & Francis Group, 2016.

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10

Kelly, Hugh F. 24-Hour Cities: Real Investment Performance, Not Just Promises. CRC Press LLC, 2016.

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11

Kelly, Hugh F. 24-Hour Cities: Real Investment Performance, Not Just Promises. CRC Press LLC, 2016.

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12

Kelly, Hugh. 24 Hour Cities: Real Investment Performance, Not Just Promises. Taylor & Francis Group, 2016.

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13

US GOVERNMENT. Promises Made, Promises Kept: Are International Trade Agreements Really Investment Agreements?: Hearing Before the Committee on Commerce, Science, a. Government Printing Office, 2004.

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14

Barker, Roger M., and Iris H. Y. Chiu. Corporate Governance and Investment Management: The Promises and Limitations of the New Financial Economy. Elgar Publishing Limited, Edward, 2017.

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15

Emerging Cryptocurrencies, Opportunities and Risks - the Promises of the Future. How to Foresee a Good Investment in Cryptocurrencies. Independently Published, 2021.

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16

Aloysius P, Llamzon. Part II The Jurisprudence on Corruption in International Investment Arbitration: Case and Trend Analysis, 5 The Scope of Inquiry: Treaty vs. Contract 'Investment Arbitration'. Oxford University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780198714262.003.0005.

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This chapter analyzes the nature of international investment arbitration and how that modality of dispute settlement differs from international commercial arbitration. The most obvious difference between investment and commercial arbitration is the nature of the parties' consent to arbitrate. In contract-based commercial arbitration, consent is expressed in a mutual, largely contemporaneous exchange of promises to bring a present or future dispute to arbitration. But in investment treaty arbitration, the host State's consent is usually expressed as an open offer of arbitration for all nationals of the counterparty State to the investment treaty. Investment arbitration proceedings also operate at high levels of transparency relative to commercial arbitration.

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17

Katia, Yannaca-Small. Part III Guide to Key Jurisdictional Issues, 16 The Umbrella Clause: Is the Umbrella Closing? Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780198758082.003.0016.

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‘Umbrella clauses’ are inserted in treaties to provide additional protection to investors and are directed at covering investment agreements that host countries frequently conclude with foreign investors. Inclusion of umbrella clauses in investment treaties provides a mechanism to make host States’ promises ‘enforceable’ and comes as an additional protection of investor-state contracts, which raises the controversial issue of whether the umbrella clause seeks to elevate contractual breaches to treaty breaches. For a better understanding of the clause, this chapter (i) gives an overview of its history; (ii) briefly discusses the significance of the language included in a number of bilateral investment treaties; and (iii) looks at the effect, scope and conditions of application of the umbrella clause as interpreted by arbitral tribunals.

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18

Jeswald W, Salacuse. 16 The Consequences of Treaty Violations. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780198703976.003.0016.

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This chapter examines the consequences of treaty violations for states and the remedies available to an investment when a host state fails to provide the treatment it has promised. It first considers the fact that most investment treaties do not specifically state the consequences of a state’s breach of treaty provisions. However, on issues not specifically covered by treaty, all investment treaties authorize tribunals to apply customary international law in making decisions, including determining compensation for investments affected by the breach of treaty provisions. The chapter then discusses the application of customary international law on state responsibility and investment treaty remedies in general, citing the Draft Articles on Responsibility of States for Internationally Wrongful Acts and the Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties in particular. Finally there is a discussion of valuation techniques used to determine the amount of damages.due to injured investors.

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19

Calamita, N. Jansen, and Ayelet Berman, eds. Investment Treaties and the Rule of Law Promise. Cambridge University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/9781009152990.

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Investment treaties are said to improve the rule of law in the states which enter into them. Fearing claims, governments will internalise international investment obligations into their decision-making processes, resulting in positive spill-over effects on the rule of law. Such arguments have never been backed by empirical research. This book presents an analytical framework for thinking about the internalisation of international commitments in governmental decision making that takes account of the complexities of governance. In so doing, it provides a typology of processes whereby international treaty obligations may be internalised by governments and identifies factors which may affect whether and to what extent international commitments are internalised in governmental decision making. This framework serves as the background for the main body of the book in which empirical case studies address whether and how a select group of governments in Asia internalise international investment treaty obligations in their decision-making.

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20

Schneiderman, David. Constitutionalizing Economic Globalization: Investment Rules and Democracy's Promise. Cambridge University Press, 2008.

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21

Schneiderman, David. Constitutionalizing Economic Globalization: Investment Rules and Democracy's Promise. Cambridge University Press, 2008.

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22

Dessain, Scott, and Fishman Scott M. Preserving the Promise: Improving the Culture of Biotech Investment. Elsevier Science & Technology Books, 2016.

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23

Preserving the Promise: Improving the Culture of Biotech Investment. Elsevier Science & Technology, 2016.

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24

Agnew, Julie, and Olivia S. Mitchell, eds. The Disruptive Impact of FinTech on Retirement Systems. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198845553.001.0001.

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This volume examines how technology is transforming financial applications, and how FinTech promises a similar revolution in the retirement planning processes. Robo-advisors and mobile savings apps are a few harbingers of innovations to come. Nevertheless, these changes will bring with them new ethical and regulatory considerations, design challenges related to promoting adoption by an older population less trusting of technology, and concerns over data security and privacy. Our contributors take stock of the disruptive impact of financial technology on retirement planning, saving, investment, and decumulation; and the book also highlights issues that regulators, plan sponsors, academics, and policymakers must consider as retirement practices evolve at a rapid pace.

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25

Scartascini, Carlos. Trust: the key to social cohesion and growth in Latin America and the Caribbean. Edited by Philip Keefer. Inter-American Development Bank, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0003792.

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Trust is the most pressing and yet least discussed problem confronting Latin America and the Caribbean. Whether in others, in government, or in firms, trust is lower in the region than anywhere else in the world. The economic and political consequences of mistrust ripple through society. It suppresses growth and innovation: investment, entrepreneurship, and employment all flourish when firms and government, workers and employers, banks and borrowers, and consumers and producers trust each other. Trust inside private and public sector organizations is essential for collaboration and innovation. Mistrust distorts democratic decision-making. It keeps citizens from demanding better public services and infrastructure, from joining with others to control corruption, and from making the collective sacrifices that leave everyone better off. The good news is that governments can increase citizen trust with clearer promises of what citizens can expect from them, public sector reforms that enable them to keep their promises, and institutional reforms that strengthen the commitments that citizens make to each other. This book guides decision-makers as they incorporate trust and social cohesion into the comprehensive reforms needed to address the regions most pernicious challenges.

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26

Constitutionalizing Economic Globalization: Investment Rules and Democracy's Promise (Cambridge Studies in Law and Society). Cambridge University Press, 2008.

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27

Constitutionalizing Economic Globalization: Investment Rules and Democracy's Promise (Cambridge Studies in Law and Society). Cambridge University Press, 2008.

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28

Calamita, N. Jansen, and Ayelet Berman. Investment Treaties and the Rule of Law Promise: The Internalisation of International Commitments in Asia. Cambridge University Press, 2022.

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29

Calamita, N. Jansen, and Ayelet Berman. Investment Treaties and the Rule of Law Promise: An Examination of the Internalisation of International Commitments in Asia. Cambridge University Press, 2022.

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30

Lindtner, Silvia M. Prototype Nation. Princeton University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.23943/princeton/9780691207674.001.0001.

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How did China's mass manufacturing and “copycat” production become transformed, in the global tech imagination, from something holding the nation back to one of its key assets? This book offers a rich transnational analysis of how the promise of democratized innovation and entrepreneurial life has shaped China's governance and global image. The book reveals how a growing distrust in Western models of progress and development, including Silicon Valley and the tech industry after the financial crisis of 2007–8, shaped the rise of the global maker movement and the vision of China as a “new frontier” of innovation. The book draws on research in experimental work spaces in China, the United States, Africa, Europe, Taiwan, and Singapore, as well as in key sites of technology investment and industrial production. It examines how the ideals of the maker movement, to intervene in social and economic structures, served the technopolitical project of prototyping a “new” optimistic, assertive, and global China. In doing so, the book demonstrates that entrepreneurial living influences governance, education, policy, investment, and urban redesign in ways that normalize the persistence of sexism, racism, colonialism, and labor exploitation. The book shows that by attending to the bodies and sites that nurture entrepreneurial life, technology can be extricated from the seemingly endless cycle of promise and violence.

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31

Fones-Wolf, Elizabeth, and Ken Fones-Wolf. Constructing a Region of Christian Free Enterprise. University of Illinois Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/illinois/9780252039034.003.0005.

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This chapter traces the emergence of a Christian free enterprise vision for the South at the end of the war. For evangelical businessmen, the region seemed a new promised land for growth and investment with a hard-working, low-wage labor force. Christian free-enterprise ideology meshed easily with the goals of corporate executives hoping to take advantage of the lower wages and conservative politics of the South. Moreover, The South was a bulwark against the further spread of liberal, New Deal politics. Meanwhile, for white Protestant evangelicals, Christian free enterprise could protect the region against the threats that modernism and state-centered bureaucracies posed to the southern way of life.

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32

Keeling, Kara. Queer Times, Black Futures. NYU Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.18574/nyu/9780814748329.001.0001.

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Contestations over “the future” and “futurity” have been central to formulations of time throughout the twentieth century and into the twenty-first. Queer Times, Black Futures considers the implications of scholarly, artistic, and popular investments in the promises and pitfalls of imagination, technology, futurity, and liberation that have persisted in Euro-American culture. Of specific interest are those Afrofuturist cultural forms and logics through which creative engagements with Black existence, technology, space, and time might be accessed and analyzed.Punctuated throughout by meditations on Herman Melville’s story “Bartleby the Scrivener,”his project thinks with and through a vibrant concept of the imagination as a way to open onto perceptions of queer times and black futures, and of the spatial politics that might be associated with them.

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33

Dimitrijević, Marko, and Timothy Mistele. Frontier Investor. Columbia University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.7312/columbia/9780231170444.001.0001.

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Where are the next decade's greatest investment opportunities? Veteran investor Marko Dimitrijevic argues that they can be found in frontier markets, which account for seventy-one of the world's seventy-five fastest-growing economies and 19 percent of the world's GDP. Yet many investors ignore them. Fueled by new access to technology and information, frontier markets are emerging even faster than their predecessors, making them an essential component of a globally diversified portfolio. In Frontier Investor, Dimitrijevic shows through colorful case studies, compelling charts, and fascinating travel anecdotes that it is not only possible but prudent to invest in these unfamiliar and undervalued options. Dimitrijevic explains how frontier markets such as Nigeria, Panama, and Bangladesh are poised to follow the similar paths of Chinese, Indian, and Russian markets, which were considered exotic two decades ago. He details a strategy for how and where to invest, directly or indirectly, to profit from frontier growth. Dimitrijevic covers the risks, political and otherwise, of these markets, the megatrends that promise exciting investment opportunities in the coming years, and the prospects for countries beyond the frontier, including Myanmar, Cuba, and even Iran. Rich with experience and insight, Frontier Investor opens up a whole new world—and worldview—to investors.

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34

Fielding, Nigel G. The New Policing Landscape. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198817475.003.0008.

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Through a spatial analogy Chapter 7 examines the ‘topography’ of the contemporary police landscape. It traces the development of the ‘police professional body’ in the UK in the form of the College of Policing, and along the way it considers the effects of policies of austerity imposed on policing as a result of the international crisis in investment and retail banking and consequent recession. It considers the adequacy of training in helping police officers to negotiate the new terrain, and assesses the promise, and drawbacks, of a fuller engagement of police training with higher education, including the aspiration to move to a graduate force. The chapter, and book, closes with a discussion of what constitutes a professional practice of policing in the contemporary context, and how the police organization might proceed in order to achieve such a practice.

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35

Dellmuth, Lisa. Is Europe Good for You? Policy Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1332/policypress/9781529217469.001.0001.

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Throughout the history of European integration economic wealth has increased to the benefit of citizens in the European Union (EU). Yet inequalities in well-being persist within and between Europe’s regions, which may undermine the legitimacy of the EU in the eyes of citizens and fuel populist nationalism. This book investigates how the EU can use its regional funding programmes in ways that increase citizen well-being. The book shows that while EU social investments improve labour market performance in rich EU regions, they exacerbate income inequality in poor regions. Based on this insight, the book presents a theory on the conditions under which EU spending will enhance well-being. Crucially, it argues the case for enhancing the inclusivity of EU growth, which yields the promise of a more legitimate and stronger union.

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36

Irani, Lilly. Chasing Innovation. Princeton University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.23943/princeton/9780691175140.001.0001.

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Can entrepreneurs develop a nation, serve the poor, and pursue creative freedom, all while generating economic value? This book shows the contradictions that arise as designers, engineers, and businesspeople frame development and governance as opportunities to innovate. The book documents the rise of “entrepreneurial citizenship” in India over the past seventy years, demonstrating how a global ethos of development through design has come to shape state policy, economic investment, and the middle class in one of the world's fastest-growing nations. The book chronicles the practices and mindsets that hold up professional design as the answer to the challenges of a country of more than one billion people, most of whom are poor. While discussions of entrepreneurial citizenship promise that Indian children can grow up to lead a nation aspiring to uplift the poor, in reality, social, economic, and political structures constrain whose enterprise, which hopes, and which needs can be seen as worthy of investment. In the process, the book warns, powerful investors, philanthropies, and companies exploit citizens' social relations, empathy, and political hope in the quest to generate economic value. The book argues that the move to recast social change as innovation, with innovators as heroes, frames others—craftspeople, workers, and activists—as of lower value, or even dangers to entrepreneurial forms of development. The book lays bare how long-standing power hierarchies such as class, caste, language, and colonialism continue to shape opportunity in a world where good ideas supposedly rule all.

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37

Wu, Yung-Hsing. Closely, Consciously Reading Feminism. University of Illinois Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/illinois/9780252039805.003.0005.

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This chapter considers the fate of close reading in second-wave reading and writing communities, through an analysis of memoirs, literary criticism, and a novel, Marilyn French's The Women's Room. It argues that just as feminist consciousness-raising believed that reading could generate closeness among women, and just as feminist fiction of the 1970s was regularly cited (and decried) for an intimacy of identification it was said to create for women readers, early feminist literary criticism was marked by an investment in the political promise of closeness. For feminist literary critics of that first academic generation, this sensibility marked a shift from closeness described as a familiar stance toward textuality to one with distinctive affective and political valences. In other words, this sensibility yoked the question of women reading to consciousness: to its nascence, whether sudden or gradual, and to its qualities of strangeness, pain, even joy. While their assumptions led them to find reading in very different places, their critical desires stemmed from the shared view that reading, wherever it is found, can be a place for politics.

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38

Mossberger, Karen, Eric W. Welch, and Yonghong Wu, eds. Transforming Everything? Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190082871.001.0001.

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Broadband, or high-speed internet, has been called the most important infrastructure challenge of the century by the National Broadband Plan. It has the potential to connect remote communities, help coordinate and streamline healthcare services, enable our children with unparalleled access to learning opportunities, promote government transparency and civic participation, and spark and support innovation in the economy and across numerous fields. But businesses and government agencies must be prepared to take advantage of new technologies, and individuals must have the connections and skills to use them. This volume argues that there is a critical need to understand whether or how public and private investments in broadband make a difference, and the best way to do that is to invest in high-quality program evaluation to assess the full range of critical outcomes and impacts. It addresses challenges for evaluating broadband initiatives to promote learning across studies and diverse contexts and offers guidance and methods of evaluation for policymakers as well as researchers. Such evaluation can provide evidence for programs and policy and show whether the transformative promise of broadband is being fulfilled, under what conditions, and for whom it has the greatest impact.

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39

Mitchell, George E., Hans Peter Schmitz, and Tosca Bruno-van Vijfeijken. Between Power and Irrelevance. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190084714.001.0001.

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Geopolitical shifts, increasing demands for accountability, and growing competition have been driving the need for change within the transnational nongovernmental organization (TNGO) sector. Additionally, TNGOs have been embracing more transformative strategies aimed at the root causes, not just the symptoms, of societal problems. As the world has changed and TNGOs’ ambitions have expanded, the roles of TNGOs have begun to shift and their work has become more complex. To remain effective, legitimate, and relevant in the future necessitates organizational changes and investments in new capabilities. However, many organizations have been slow to adapt. As a result, for many TNGOs’ the rhetoric of sustainable impact and transformative change has far outpaced the reality of their limited abilities to deliver on their promises. This book frankly explores why this gap between rhetoric and reality exists and what TNGOs can do individually and collectively to close it. In short, TNGOs need to change the fundamental conditions under which they themselves operate by bringing their own “forms and norms” into better alignment with their contemporary ambitions and strategies. This book offers accessible future-oriented analyses and lessons-learned to assist readers in formulating and implementing organizational changes to adapt TNGOs for the future. The book draws upon a variety of disciplines and perspectives, including hundreds of interviews with TNGO leaders, firsthand involvement in major organizational change processes in leading TNGOs, and numerous workshops, training institutes, consultancies, and research projects.

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40

Lansford, Jennifer E., and Prerna Banati, eds. Handbook of Adolescent Development Research and Its Impact on Global Policy. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190847128.001.0001.

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Of 1.2 billion adolescents in the world today, 90% live in low- and middle-income countries. These adolescents not only face many challenges but also represent a resource to be cultivated through educational opportunities and vocational training to move them toward economic independence, through initiatives to improve reproductive health, and through positive interpersonal relationships to help them avoid risky behaviors and make positive decisions about their futures. This volume tackles the challenges and promise of adolescence by presenting cutting-edge research on adolescent social, emotional, behavioral, cognitive, and physical development; promising programs from different countries to promote adolescents’ positive development; and policies that can advance adolescents’ rights within the framework of international initiatives, such as the Convention on the Rights of the Child and Sustainable Development Goals, which are guiding the international development agenda through 2030. This volume seeks to provide actionable strategies for policymakers and practitioners working with adolescents. Disconnects between national-level policies and local services, as well as lack of continuity with early childhood responses, present a significant challenge to ensuring a coherent approach for adolescents. Increasingly, adolescent participation and demands for rights-based approaches are seen and often unfortunately conflated with violence. This volume adopts a positive framing of adolescence, representing young people as opportunities rather than threats, and a valued investment both at individual and societal levels, contributing to a positive shift in discourses around young people.

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41

Karenga, Maulana. The Ambivalent Embrace of Barack Obama. University of Illinois Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/illinois/9780252036453.003.0010.

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This chapter argues that at the heart of Obama's attractiveness as a candidate was his being a representative of a people whose historical and ongoing role as a social and moral vanguard serves at least four fundamental functions for the established order in spite of the paradoxical and mystified meanings that race and racialized discourse and the social apprehension attached to Blackness play in this. First, for the established order, Obama serves as a moral mask to “correct” society's image internationally and domestically, camouflage its continuing imperial thrust, restore respect and hope among its citizens, allies, and the other peoples of the world by being a representative of a people who are a world-recognized moral and social vanguard, and give redeeming evidence of a rise from enslavement in the country to leadership of it. Second, Obama emerges as a counterargument and counterweight to social justice claims of African Americans and claims of racism, discrimination, and deficient opportunities against the established order. Third, there is an evolving tendency of his election to mute, alter, or invite suspension of progressive criticism, given his identity and the investment African Americans and other social forces have made in him as an alternative to prior administrations and a promise of the opening of new social possibilities and a new horizon of history. Finally, for the established order, the presidency of Obama offers an opportunity to facilitate an increased Americanization without rightful respect for the multicultural character of society and without necessary discussion of or dealing effectively with existing inequities in wealth, power, and status of the groups that compose society.

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42

Elliott, Willliam, and Melinda Lewis. Making Education Work for the Poor. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190621568.001.0001.

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Making Education Work for the Poor identifies wealth inequality as the gravest threat to the endangered American Dream. Though studies have clearly illustrated that education is the primary path to upward mobility, today, educational outcomes are more directly determined by wealth than innate ability and exerted effort. This accounting directly contradicts Americans' understanding of the promise the American Dream is supposed to offer: a level playing field and a path towards a more profitable future. In this book, the authors share their own stories of their journeys through the unequal U.S. education system. One started from relative privilege and had her way to prosperity paved and her individual efforts augmented by institutional and structural support. The other grew up in poverty and had to fight against currents to complete higher education, only to find his ability to profit from that degree compromised by student debt. To directly counter wealth inequality and make education the 'great equalizer' that Americans believe it to be, this book calls for a revolution in financial aid policy, from debt dependence to asset empowerment. The book examines the evidence base supporting Children's Savings Accounts, including CSAs' demonstrated potential to improve children's outcomes all along the 'opportunity pipeline': early education, school achievement, college access and completion, and post-college financial health. It then outlines a policy that builds on CSAs to incorporate a sizable, progressive wealth transfer. This new policy, Opportunity Investment Accounts, is framed as the cornerstone of the wealth-building agenda the nation needs in order to salvage the American Dream. Written by leading CSA researchers, the book includes overviews of the major children's savings legislation proposed in Congress and the key features of prominent CSA programs in operation around the country today, as well as new qualitative and quantitative CSA research. The book ultimately presents a critical development of the theories that, together, explain how universal, progressive, asset-based education financing could make education work equitably for all American children.

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