Дисертації з теми "Inventory management model"
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1
Chancasanampa-Mandujano, Jesenia, Karla Espinoza-Poblete, Juan Sotelo-Raffo, Jose Maria Alvarez, and Carlos Raymundo-Ibañez. "Inventory management model based on a stock control system and a kraljic matrix to reduce raw materials inventory." Association for Computing Machinery, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/656253.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
El texto completo de este trabajo no está disponible en el Repositorio Académico UPC por restricciones de la casa editorial donde ha sido publicado.This research project proposes a supply management model in a consumer goods company in Lima, Peru, to improve stock control and avoid raw materials stockouts and overstock. A Kraljic matrix was used to identify products based on their criticality considering material segmentation, warehouse capacity and times, and ABC segmentation to classify products on each quadrant of the matrix. This project also focuses on defining purchasing and supply strategies in each quadrant of the matrix. This model involves the development of three processes that are related to a new purchasing strategy: economic order quantity, lot-for-lot ordering, and just in time. This new system is based on a more accurate inventory because continuous improvement attracts employees’ attention and engages them in reducing the number of manual notifications made by operators every month. Moreover, after implementing the new procedure for recording inventories, the inventory record was 87% accurate, whereas, in the past, the inventory was not counted and was performed by employees of other areas.
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Yao, Bingxin. "Model for inventory management in valve manufacturing cell at Waters Corporation." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/85541.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Thesis: M. Eng. in Manufacturing, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, 2013.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 120-121).
This thesis addresses the challenges of improving the on-time delivery performance of a high-volume critical part type in a high-product-mix manufacturing facility of valves. Preliminary analysis on the push-type production system of the valve manufacturing cell shows that long production lead time caused by excessive inventory queuing and accumulation as well as lack of standardized finished goods inventory management policy are the major factors that limit the on-time delivery performance. A new pull-type production system is developed with the design of a highly responsive fabrication line which enables faster material movement and an efficient inventory review framework for real-time monitoring of inventory positions. A dedicated production line with the placement of effectively controlled Work-In-Process (WIP) buffers is constructed, which is capable of reducing the production lead time by more than 80%, along with a 40% reduction in overall WIP volume. Moreover, a finished goods inventory review policy is proposed based on the (s, S) policy which significantly eliminates the possibilities of backlog and inventory explosion by the setup of both lower and upper control limits on inventory positions. The suggested policy is expected to ensure a service level of at least 95% during peak demand period, with up to 50% potential reduction in average inventory level held by the system. A Kanban system is also established to coordinate operations in the proposed pull-type production system.
by Bingxin Yao.
M. Eng. in Manufacturing
3
Laird, Mark. "Logistics Management: A Firm’s Efficiency Performance Model." Ohio University Honors Tutorial College / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ouhonors1338575775.
Повний текст джерела
4
Junerfält, Tobias, and Eriksson Carl Hellberg. "An Inventory Management Decision Model for Managing Misplaced Spare Parts at Mycronic." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Industriell ekonomi, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-161468.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
There are currently many spare parts in the Mycronic global supply chain which are wrongly stored in various local warehouses, even though the Mycronic stocking policy indicates they should be stored elsewhere. This results in increased inventory carrying costs and decreased inventory turnover ratio. According to employees working with spare parts distribution, there exists no standard procedure for deciding what to do with these spare parts. The purpose of this study is to present an inventory management decision model for managing misplaced spare parts, adapted with instructions to fit the Mycronic logistics organisation. The aim of this model shall be to increase inventory efficiency in the Mycronic global spare part supply chain. The first step to achieve the purpose was to find relevant theory and to construct the inventory management decision model. For this reason, the fields of inventory management and reverse logistics were studied and described in terms of methods and related costs, among other things. As a result, six different methods for handling misplaced spare parts that would theoretically increase inventory turnover ratio were identified: lateral transshipment, pull-back to the central warehouse, pull-back to cannibalise in the central warehouse, local cannibalisation, scrapping and remain in stock. An inventory management decision model was then created one step at a time, by using the identified methods as end nodes and combining them with theory-based decision nodes necessary to evaluate for each spare part. The result of interviews held with Mycronic personnel from various departments provided an insight into what the implementation of the decision model would look like, based on current practices for e.g. sourcing and distribution of spare parts, bookkeeping and inventory management. After analysing the interview results, conclusions were drawn with regards to how each decision node could be evaluated. To determine both the local and global need of a spare part, the conclusion was to use the past year’s demand for high demand spare parts and the average of the past two years of demand for low demand spare parts and let all stock exceeding that number be regarded as excess stock. To determine if a spare part is worth redistributing between local warehouses or returning to the central warehouse, the different activities involved in the different processes were identified and summarised in tables. Thereafter, methods for approximating the related costs were decided. For local cannibalisation, the conclusion was that it was not relevant to include as an option nor as and end node. This led to some modifications being made to the decision model, where certain decision nodes were removed so as to ensure the implement ability and relevance of the decision model. The final inventory management decision model suggests keeping any spare part that is needed locally in the local stock. Spare parts that are not needed locally but are needed elsewhere should be sent to where they are needed, provided that it is worth the redistribution costs. In case it is not worth redistributing, it is recommended to pull the spare parts back to the central warehouse if the profit from doing so outweighs the distribution costs. If a spare part is not needed anywhere, the decision model suggests pulling back the spare part to the central warehouse for cannibalisation as long as its subparts are needed, and it is worth the distribution costs. Lastly, if a spare part does not fulfil the requirements for any of the methods mentioned above, the spare part is suggested to be scrapped. Based on the conclusions of the study, instructions for evaluating the remaining decision nodes were created. The level of detail of the instructions varies for different decision nodes and also depending on the amount of information retrieved through the interviews. In some cases, the method for evaluating a certain decision node is clearly identified, whereas in other cases further investigation is required.
5
Toyasaki, Fuminori, Fichtinger Emel Arikan, Lena Silbermayr, and Sigala Ioanna Falagara. "Disaster relief inventory management: horizontal cooperation between humanitarian organizations." Wiley, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/poms.12661.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Cooperation among humanitarian organizations has attracted increasing attention to enhance effectiveness and efficiency of relief supply chains. Our research focuses on horizontal cooperation in inventory management which is currently implemented in the United Nations Humanitarian Response Depot (UNHRD) network. The present work follows a two-step research approach, which involves collection of empirical data and quantitative modeling to examine and overcome the coordination challenges of the network. Our interviews with members of the network identified several managerial issues for sustainable cooperative inventory management that the UNHRD network pursues. Using a newsvendor model in the context of non-cooperative game theory, our research has explored member humanitarian organizations' incentive of joining the network, a coordination mechanism which achieves system optimality, and impacts of members' decisions about stock rationing. Our results indicate that behaviors of member HOs do not necessarily align with the UNHRD's expectation. Our results suggest that for system optimality, a system coordinator should carefully assess the circumstances, including demand coefficient and stock rationing. Our research also proposes a policy priority for the first-best system optimal inventory management.
6
Polak, Benjamin M. (Benjamin Michael). "Multi-echelon inventory strategies for a retail replenishment business model." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/90753.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Thesis: M.B.A., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Sloan School of Management, 2014. In conjunction with the Leaders for Global Operations Program at MIT.Thesis: S.M., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, 2014. In conjunction with the Leaders for Global Operations Program at MIT.
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Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (page 69).
The mission of the Always Available retail replenishment business at NIKE is to ensure consumer-essential products are in-stock at retailers at all times. To achieve this goal, NIKE has developed a forecast-driven, make-to-stock supply chain model which allows retailers to place weekly orders to an on-hand inventory position in a distribution center. The challenge facing the business is how to design an inventory strategy that achieves a high level of service to its customers while minimizing inventory holding cost. Specifically, safety stock holding cost is targeted as it accounts for the majority of on-hand inventory and can be reduced without significantly impacting the underlying supply chain architecture. This thesis outlines the application of multi-echelon inventory optimization in a retail replenishment business model. This technique is used to determine where and how much safety stock should be staged throughout the supply chain in order to minimize safety stock holding cost for a fixed service level. Provided a static supply chain network, the ideal safety stock locations and quantities which result in minimal total safety stock holding cost is determined. For this business, the optimal solution is to stage lower-cost component materials with long supplier lead times and high commonality across multiple finished goods at the manufacturer in addition to finished goods at the distribution centers. Safety stock holding cost reduction from component staging increases significantly when the distance between manufacturers and the distribution center decreases and for those factories producing a variety of finished goods made from the same component materials due to inventory pooling. Forecast accuracy drives the quantity of safety stock in the network. The removal of low volume, highly unpredictable products from the portfolio yields significant inventory holding cost savings without a detrimental impact to revenue. By deploying the optimal safety stock staging solution and by removing unpredictable products, this analysis shows that finish goods safety stock inventory would be reduced by 35% for the modeling period (calendar year 2012) while only decreasing topline revenue by 5%.
by Benjamin M. Polak.
M.B.A.
S.M.
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lyer, Nurani Vishwanathan Parameshwaran. "Optimal inventory model for managing demand-supply mismatches for perishables with stochastic supply." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2019. https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/122255.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Thesis: M. Eng. in Supply Chain Management, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Supply Chain Management Program, 2019Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 52-53).
While festivals bring a reason to cheer for everyone, businesses dealing with a spike in demand for perishables may have to live with the misery of lost sales and/or expired items. In the case of the dairy industry that deals with liquid milk, both raw material, and finished goods are perishable, which implies that merely stockpiling inventory of either item, without paying attention to potential inventory losses, cannot be an optimal strategy. In developing countries, the supplier base for perishables like milk, fruits, vegetables, flowers, etc. mostly comprise of small farmers instead of corporate/professional agencies, thus leading to supply variability. During special occasions like festivals, as individuals set aside more of the raw material for their own consumption, we encounter a reduction in supply. Around the same time, we notice a spike in customer demand, leading to a demand-supply mismatch. Companies dealing with perishables need an analytical approach to manage this.
In this thesis, we present a framework to address this problem of intermittent demand-supply mismatch using a 3-stage stochastic optimization model. We decide on the sourcing targets, the production plans based on supply realized, and finally, the dispatch plan based on orders received. As a case study, we analyze the operations and data from a private dairy company in eastern India, to understand the research problem and the applicability of the resulting model. We notice the impact of demand spikes and supply reduction in two areas: we increase supply targets in the periods preceding the demand spike; and we increase supply targets in periods when supply is expected to decrease, while demand is as usual. When there are multiple festival days within the time series, the compounding of impact depends on the sequencing of the events.
Finally, when we introduce the realistic constraint that the supply target needs to be constant throughout the time series, we see a degradation in the profitability, as we need to tradeoff between lost sales and wasted products. While the focus of this case study is the dairy industry, the conclusions from this research are broadly applicable to other industries dealing with perishables.
by Vishwanathan Parameshwaran lyer Nurani.
M. Eng. in Supply Chain Management
M.Eng.inSupplyChainManagement Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Supply Chain Management Program
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Gimpl-Heersink, Lisa, Christian Rudloff, Moritz Fleischmann, and Alfred Taudes. "Integrating Pricing and Inventory Control: Is it Worth the Effort?" SpringerOpen, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF03342705.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In this paper we first show that the gains achievable by integrating pricing and inventory control are usually small for classical demand functions. We then introduce reference price models and demonstrate that for this class of demand functions the benefits of integration with inventory control are substantially increased due to the price dynamics. We also provide some analytical results for this more complex model. We thus conclude that integrated pricing/inventory models could repeat the success of revenue management in practice if reference price effects are included in the demand model and the properties of this new model are better understood. (authors' abstract)
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Neyra, Juanirene, José Muñoz, Juan Eyzaguirre, and Carlos Raymundo. "5S hybrid management model for increasing productivity in a textile company in Lima." Springer Verlag, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/656129.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
El texto completo de este trabajo no está disponible en el Repositorio Académico UPC por restricciones de la casa editorial donde ha sido publicado.In general, lean strategies in the textile sector are applied in production to improve productivity, reduce production time, and reduce errors, among other aspects. However, there are also documented studies, which are not common in the literature that uses these strategies to improve storage operations. This study shows the implementation of the Lean 5S Hybrid tool in the warehouse of a textile company based in Lima. The objective of the implementation was to improve productivity in the warehouse, as there were high response times when searching for materials, which reduced production time, warehouse redistribution, better using available space, and being able to strategically locate main materials. The results revealed an increase in warehouse productivity 3.95 times the initial one, an Inventory Record Accuracy of 98.17%, a decrease in the requirement search time by 66.12% (from 25 to 8 min), and stock rotation of 6.22 times.
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Pekari, Gregory Chivers Kurt Miles Erickson Brian G. Belcher Robert C. Kartashov Vitalii. "An analysis comparing Commander Submarine Force U.S. Pacific Fleet (CSP) current inventory management tool versus PACFLT Regional Inventory Stocking Model (PRISM) : a proposed demand-based management tool /." Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2003. http://library.nps.navy.mil/uhtbin/hyperion-image/03Jun%5FPekari.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Thesis (M.B.A.)--Naval Postgraduate School, June 2003."MBA professional report"--Cover. Joint authors: Kurt Miles Chivers, Brian G. Erickson, Robert C. Belcher, Vitalii Kartashov. Thesis advisor(s): Raymond Franck, Keebom Kang, Dan Dolk. Includes bibliographical references (p. 119-120). Also available online.
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Kang, John H. (John Hyun-June). "Inventory optimization model for NIKE's long lifecycle highly seasonal replenishment products." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/99008.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Thesis: M.B.A., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Sloan School of Management, 2015. In conjunction with the Leaders for Global Operations Program at MIT.Thesis: S.M., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Engineering Systems Division, 2015. In conjunction with the Leaders for Global Operations Program at MIT.
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (page 41).
Currently, demand and inventory planners at NIKE Always Available (NIKE's replenishment business) experience difficulty in managing long-lifecycle highly-seasonal products like soccer equipment and fleece apparel. Very often items are either stocked out at retailers or piling up at Distribution Centers (DCs). NIKE manages inventory to a 95% item fill rate for all replenishment products. Highly seasonal products generally have unpredictable demand patterns which lead to either stock outs or excess inventory. These imbalances in inventory occur without fully understanding the cost and benefit of holding the inventory. To understand the cost and benefit of holding inventory for long lifecycle highly seasonal products, the author analyzed the current profitability, revenue, service level, and inventory position of soccer equipment, sandals, and fleece apparel. From these results, the author modeled the benefits to the above metrics of managing inventory via a dynamic service level approach that varies the service level over the season. Next, the author modeled the benefits of managing inventory via dual-sourcing. Lastly, the author modeled the profitability impact of reducing lead times for these items. These models have shown that long lead times and high seasonality are key drivers of large safety stock quantities. Also, with highly seasonal long lead time products, dynamically managing the service level by increasing the service level at the beginning of a product's life and lowering it in its last season of life offers greater profitability than managing to a static service level. Lastly, there is an opportunity to increase the profitability of these products by changing the supply chain to enable dual-sourcing or by reducing lead times.
by John H. Kang.
M.B.A.
S.M.
12
Butler, Peter B. "Spreadsheet decision support model for MK 16 underwater breathing apparatus repair parts inventory management." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 1994. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA294254.
Повний текст джерела
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Pekari, Gregory, Kurt Miles Chivers, Brian G. Erickson, Robert C. Belcher, Vitalii Kartashov, Gregory Pekari, Kurt Miles Chivers, Brian G. Erickson, and Robert C. Belcher. "An analysis comparing Commander Submarine Force U.S. Pacific Fleet (CSP) current inventory management tool versus PACFLT Regional Inventory Stocking Model (PRISM): a proposed demand-based management tool." Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/9850.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Approved for public release, distribution is unlimitedApproved for public release, distribution is unlimited
This following project describes and assesses the current inventory-stocking model used by Commander Submarine Pacific (CSP) to manage its SSN repair parts stocking levels during a deployment work-up period. We also introduce a proposed demand based inventory management tool called Pacific Regional Inventory Stocking Model (PRISM), and compare it with the model currently being used within CSP. This analysis will then evaluate the effectiveness of each system as a management tool utilizing data from CSP's SSN-688 Fast-Attack Submarines. Decision criteria estimated are operational readiness and cost. The results of this comparison also demonstrate a management tool that optimizes inventory stocking. This will increase an SSN-688 submarine's operational readiness while on station and potentially achieve cost savings through optimizing onboard inventory. Recommendations will be provided, based on the results of the comparison, with respect to the feasibility of implementing PRISM, maintaining CSP's current stocking system, or developing a new submarine stocking system to replace the status quo.
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Kachani, Soulaymane, and Georgia Perakis. "A Fluid Model of Dynamic Pricing and Inventory Management for Make-to-Stock Manufacturing Systems." Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Operations Research Center, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/5137.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In this paper, we introduce a fluid model of dynamic pricing and inventory management for make-to-stock manufacturing systems. Instead of considering a traditional model that is based on how price affects demand, we consider a model that relies on how price and level of inventory affect the time a unit of product remains in inventory. Our motivation is based on the observation that in inventory systems, a unit of product incurs a delay before being sold. This delay depends on the unit price of the product, prices of competitors, and the level of inventory of this product. Moreover, delay data is not hard to acquire and is internally controlled and monitored by the manufacturer. It is interesting to notice that this delay is similar to travel times incurred in a transportation network. The model of this paper includes joint pricing, production and inventory decisions in a competitive, capacitated multi-product dynamic environment. In particular, in this paper we (i) introduce a model for dynamic pricing and inventory control that uses delay rather then demand data and establish connections with traditional demand models, (ii) study analytical properties of this model, (iii) establish conditions under which the model has a solution and finally, (iv) establish an algorithm that solves efficiently a discretized version of the model.
15
Yirenkyi, Samuel Yaw. "Conceptual design of a GIS-based land inventory model for urban informal settlement land management." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/4978.
Повний текст джерела
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Margeson, Wesley D. (Wesley Donald) 1973. "A forecasting and inventory model for short lifecycle products with seasonal demand patterns." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/84346.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Thesis (M.B.A.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Sloan School of Management; and, (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering; in conjunction with the Leaders for Manufacturing Program at MIT, 2003.Includes bibliographical references (p. 65-66).
by Wesley D. Margeson.
S.M.
M.B.A.
17
Guzman, Pamela, Franklin Montalvo, Edgardo Carvallo, and Carlos Raymundo. "Implementation of a process management model and inventory control to increase the level of service in the after-sales area of industrial equipment." Latin American and Caribbean Consortium of Engineering Institutions, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/656260.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Currently, many industrial companies generate many losses in their after sales this is generated to an error in the control of inventories and in turn in a mishandling of their assets through their processes, therefore the present research proposes a management model of processes and control of inventories in order to reduce customer losses due to the large number of existing complaints and thus increase sales. Therefore, the process management model, which will contribute to the standardization, optimization and control of its critical processes, and for which indicators, procedures and policies will be proposed for each stage of the process in order to measure its efficiency and effectiveness for correct decision making. With respect to the control of inventories, it is proposed to make a segmentation of the products, which allows the identification of the most important products for the company, to then design a demand forecast model for families of products that will later be individualized considering their factors initial and finally using an inventory management model will obtain the optimal quantity of spare parts order to use in the technical service of the equipment reducing the annual costs related to the inventory.
18
Garamendi-Colos, Virginia, Mercedes Cano-Lazarte, Nestor Mamani-Macedo, Carlos Raymundo, and Francisco Dominguez. "Agile Inventory Management Model Under a Digital Transformation Approach for Stockout Reduction in Chemical Industry’s MSE." Springer, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/656371.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
El texto completo de este trabajo no está disponible en el Repositorio Académico UPC por restricciones de la casa editorial donde ha sido publicado.Through digital transformation, company processes that are, or could be, conducted manually are reduced; moreover, human tasks are automated when software-based processes are established. This paper analyzes the adoption of a digital transformation tool to manage inventory through the application of agile models, such as Just-In-Time, and the use of Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP), employing the Deming cycle method, as several unclear empiric processes exist for managing inventory and purchases. It also upholds that as defined processes are established and the companies exert higher control over inventory turnover and outflows, they could apply methods, such as demand forecasting, to avoid stockout, supply shortage, and inventory loss.
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Rosvall, Magnus, and Oscar Christensen. "A model for cost effective improvement of a raw material management in the inventory: A Case study." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för teknik, TEK, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-19883.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The single largest expenditure in the production industry is usually the materials´ costs. In the average producing company, half of the sales revenue covers the materials´ costs. Raw material inventory aims to have the right amount of material, in the right place and at the right time, for as low cost as possible. In the raw material inventory there are often different critical items and the amount of them can be hard to handle at one time. In this thesis a cost effective model was developed for the raw material inventory management. Starting with identifying the most critical raw materials and the relationships between them and the first step in the production. It is also important to work with the information flow and the model aims to find what information each department needs and establish a suitable communication channel between the departments. In order to test the applicability of the model it was tested on a case company. The result from the model testing was new placements for the raw materials and a new communication flow.
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Carazas, Luis, Manuel Barrios, Victor Nuñez, Carlos Raymundo, and Francisco Dominguez. "Management model logistic for the use of planning and inventory tools in a selling company of the automotive sector in Peru." Springer, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/656243.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
El texto completo de este trabajo no está disponible en el Repositorio Académico UPC por restricciones de la casa editorial donde ha sido publicado.One of the most important problems affecting companies that assemble and market vehicles is stock depletion of finished products. Therefore, many small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) have attempted to manage this situation by using tools such as the Q mode, which continuously reviews inventories but does not indicate when and in what quantity a company must supply its sales outlets but requires a more complex level of supplier development and supply chain management efficiency than SMEs can achieve. Likewise, with our proposal we achieved a 50% decrease in stock depletion, based on an analysis of model results, with a confidence level of 95% and a certainty level of 75.30%, projecting a profit of 59000 soles with a return cost of 1.41 and a recovery period of 2 years and 4 months, ensuring both the sustainability and profitability of the proposal.
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Colgan, James A. (James Austin). "A business planning model to access the tradeoff between inventory and capacity for a Stage 1 manufacturing process." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/11365.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Thesis (M.S.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Sloan School of Management, 1995, and Thesis (M.S.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, 1995.Includes bibliographical references (p. 83-85).
by James A. Colgan.
M.S.
22
Ramos, Edgar, Timothy J. Pettit, Monika Flanigan, Luis Romero, and Katherine Huayta. "Inventory management model based on lean supply chain to increase the service level in a distributor of automotive sector." ExcelingTech, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/653830.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
El texto completo de este trabajo no está disponible en el Repositorio Académico UPC por restricciones de la casa editorial donde ha sido publicado.The present research seeks to show the importance of applying process management techniques and food safety norms in the operational processes of the supply chain to know the meaning and the need for an integrated hybrid model. The article reviews the sugarcane distillery sector of Peru and its main operational problems. Based on the literature reviewed and discussed with academics who have knowledge of the food supply chain, an integrated hybrid model was developed to help any distillery with lower levels of competitiveness than its competitors in other sectors, such as pisco, applying techniques of process management and food safety to increase the efficiency of liquor distilleries. The findings confirm that distilleries can increase their efficiency, thanks to the higher performance of their operations after their alignment with the integrated model.
Revisión por pares
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Ozpamukcu, Serkan. "An Assessment Of A Two-echelon Inventory System Againstalternative Systems." Master's thesis, METU, 2011. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12613949/index.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In this study, we focus on a real life problem that involves a single item which is
used in military operations. The items in use fail according to a Poisson process
and lead times are deterministic. Four alternative inventory control models are
developed. Among these models, a two-echelon system consisting of a depot in
the upper and several bases in the lower echelon is operated currently. This
system is compared to a single-echelon system that consists of several bases. The
comparison reveals the importance of the holding cost incurred for the items intransit
between the depot and the base which is ignored in most of the studies in
literature. Both the two and single-echelon models are also extended to have
repair ability. A continuous-review base-stock policy is used for all models.
Exact models are formulated. The results are obtained under various lead time,
unit costs and demand parameters. Results of four different settings are compared
and the findings are reported.
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Liang, Hongyan. "Three Essays on Performance Evaluation in Operations and Supply Chain Management." Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1504827189112207.
Повний текст джерела
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Altabba, Abdulrahman, and Lina Karlsson. "A framework for implementing the VMI model in an MRO partnership." Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Avdelningen för Industriell utveckling, IT och Samhällsbyggnad, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-21961.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to investigate the feasibility of implementing the Vendor Managed Inventory (VMI) model in an MRO (maintenance, repair, and operations) partnership, and highlight its potential economic, environmental, and organizational benefits, as well as limitations. Approach - First, a comprehensive literature review was conducted on fields relevant to VMI. Second, empirical data was gathered from a single exploratory case study with Momentum Industrial, and its customer Stora Enso. Semi-structured interviews were used to gather data from the case companies. Findings - Results suggest that VMI results in benefits for the supply chain in general, such as reduced administration and inventory costs, improved service levels, reduced information distortion, and improved relationship among partners. For the particular case of VMI in an MRO partnership, improved service levels can be obtained by a reduced risk of production downtime for the customer. Moreover, the implementation of VMI has potential environmental benefits, such as reduced paper use, and higher transportation fill rate. Limitations of implementing VMI include the difficulty in system integration, and information sharing. Trust could be a potential issue that limits information sharing amongst supply chain partners. Moreover, the difference in organizational cultures and policies of partners should be taken into consideration. Limitations - The study is limited to opinions from one MRO customer in the paper and packaging industry. Even though the questions asked to informants in Momentum and Stora Enso tackled benefits to MRO customers in general, a broader image could have been achieved by interviewing customers from different industries. Moreover, the case companies do not currently adopt VMI in their partnership, so the case study results are based on what they think would be the potential benefits and limitations of implementing VMI in an MRO partnership. Practical Implications - This paper can serve as a guideline for logistics managers who are considering VMI in an MRO partnership specifically, as it provides them with the benefits and limitations associated with VMI. More generally, any company considering VMI can also benefit from the theoretical framework presented.
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Pujari, Nikhil Ajay. "Integrated Supply Chain Optimization Model Using Mathematical Programming and Continuous Approximation." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2005. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1132114913.
Повний текст джерела
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Li, Bo. "Supply Chain Inventory Management with Multiple Types of Customers: Motivated by Chinese Pharmaceutical Supply Chains among Others." University of Toledo / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=toledo1371136834.
Повний текст джерела
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Canales, Ramos Lourdes Stephania, and Vargas Arelis Velásquez. "Diseño de un modelo de gestión de picking para reducir el deterioro de productos terminados aplicando estudio de trabajo en centros de distribución en Lima, Perú." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/657324.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
En los últimos años, el sector logístico en Perú no ha logrado un crecimiento, teniendo una caída en el ranking mundial de 14 puestos con respecto a la utilización de los costos logísticos. Cabe resaltar, que el 30% de estos costos son generados en centros de distribución, los cuales están representados en un 60% a la mano de obra y siendo ejecutado en un 42% en tareas manuales como el proceso de armado de pedido o picking.
El proceso de armado de pedido o picking en los centros de distribución es manual en la mayoría de los casos. En estudios pasados se ha mostrado la relación existente entre el desempeño del operario y un método de trabajo diseñado tomando como base reglas de ergonomía. Sin embargo, la gestión del cambio al implementar un modelo de gestión de picking no ha sido evidenciado anteriormente. Por ello, en esta investigación se plantea un modelo de trabajo que alinee las reglas de ergonomía y el estudio de trabajo para mejorar el desempeño del operario y a su vez mostrar cómo la gestión del cambio es importante de forma transversal en la implementación. Se contará con un caso de estudio en un centro de distribución donde se hace un diagnóstico de la situación actual y luego por medio de un enfoque en gestión del cambio se entrena al personal en un nuevo modelo de gestión que permita disminuir el deterioro de productos en la operación.
Finalmente, como resultado de la validación de la propuesta diseñada se obtuvo una reducción de inventario dañado de 4% a 1% lo que muestra el buen desempeño del modelo en el centro de distribución elegido para el caso de estudio.In the past years, logistics in Peru manifested a drop in fourteen positions in the global logistics performance index (LPI) rank, due to the high cost in logistics operations in which 30% comes from distribution centers. Of this volume, 60% represents the workforce cost whereas manual tasks correspond to 42% of the mentioned workforce cost. Order picking in distribution centers is manual in most of the cases. Previous studies have shown the existing relationship between workforce performance and an adequate work method designed with the consideration of human factors, which are described by ergonomics. Nevertheless, change management in an order picking management model has not yet been proven successful. Thus, in the current investigation, an order picking management model that aligns ergonomics and work-study techniques is posed. This will help the performance improvement of pickers; on the other hand, change management will be a supportive technique throughout the validation. The investigation will have a case study in a distribution center where a diagnostic will be run and further on the workforce will be trained with a change management perspective in the new model, which helps reduce the damaged inventory in the logistics operation. Finally, results will be shown, as the model must be evaluated in four aspects: the final percentage of damaged inventory, ergonomics index, efficiency in order picking and total cost of overtime. The main metric for performance evaluation of the model is presented by the reduction of damaged inventory from 4% to 1%.
Trabajo de Suficiencia Profesional
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Scherbaum, Charles A. "Detecting intentional response distortion on measures of the five-factor model of personality an application of differential person functioning /." Ohio : Ohio University, 2003. http://www.ohiolink.edu/etd/view.cgi?ohiou1071001111.
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Reed, Sara. "The Effect of the Introduction of a Clearinghouse on Trading Costs: The New York Stock Exchange in the 1890s." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2011. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/290.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
As one of the oldest and most innovative financial institutions, a clearinghouse efficiently clears and settles payments for equity transactions as well as other securities. However, this paper will only be concerned with common and preferred equity securities. The purpose of a clearinghouse is to reduce counterparty risk. It acts as an intermediary between two parties, so that the risk of one party failing to honor its contractual obligation is diminished. It reduces settlement risk through netting, the process of eliminating offsetting transactions, thus decreasing the amount of cash flow. I examine the impact of the New York Stock Exchange Clearinghouse upon its establishment in May 1892. Specifically, I analyze the clearinghouse’s effect on trading costs for different equity securities, scrutinizing the effects on bid-ask spreads. I find that once a firm joined the NYSE clearinghouse, both its relative and absolute bid-ask spreads are narrowed, representing an overall reduction in spreads of 5.28 percent.
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Robles, Hinostroza Jorge Stefano, and Llactahuamán Ingrid Madeleyne Serrato. "Modelo de gestión de inventarios en la cadena retail que reduzca quiebres de stock de productos lácteos implementando CPFR." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/654503.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
El presente estudio tiene como propósito diseñar un modelo de gestión de inventarios que reduzca los quiebres de stock de productos en una empresa “retail” valorada a nivel Nacional para que no genere desabastecimiento de artículos lácteos en las góndolas.
No todos los productos de las marcas están en las góndolas, en particular se va a estudiar el caso de los productos lácteos. La propuesta de solución consiste en un modelo de gestión de inventarios integrando el CPFR.
Se utilizará métodos de pronóstico que permite determinar la demanda, administración de inventarios para establecer los parámetros adecuados por categoría y la colaboración horizontal en la producción y en la venta al por menor o CPFR que tiene como finalidad la satisfacción de las necesidades del consumidor con dirección frontal en la cadena de distribución de suministro y el ajuste de los pronósticos de la demanda calculados considerando todos los factores internos y externos que la puedan afectar.The purpose of this study is to design an inventory management model that reduces product stock breaks in a "retail" company valued at the National level so that it does not generate shortages of dairy items in the shelves. Not all the products of the brands are in the gondolas, in particular the case of dairy products will be studied. The solution proposal consists of an inventory management model integrating the CPFR. Forecasting methods will be used to determine demand, inventory management to establish the appropriate parameters by category and horizontal collaboration in production and retail or CPFR that aims to meet the needs of the consumer with direction front in the supply distribution chain and adjusting demand forecasts calculated considering all internal and external factors that may affect it.
Trabajo de investigación
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Souza, Katia Cristina Garcia Nunes de. "Modelo de gestão de estoques para bens de consumo em supermercados." Universidade de São Paulo, 2012. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/3/3148/tde-10052012-120735/.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Este trabalho analisa a viabilidade de aplicação de uma sistemática de gestão de estoques que permite escolher e parametrizar modelos de decisão de reposição de itens para apoiar os coordenadores de abastecimento de supermercados, através da utilização de dados reais. O principal objetivo desta sistemática é contribuir para o aumento da disponibilidade de produtos na loja do supermercado, através do seguinte equacionamento: minimizar os custos operacionais e de estoque do varejo, tendo como restrição um nível mínimo de serviço ao cliente. Esta pesquisa experimental aplicada possibilitou identificar que o modelo CALNEC apresentou o melhor desempenho em 80% da amostra. A melhor configuração (configuração dos melhores desempenhos de todos os modelos) ofereceu uma economia de até 42% frente ao custo atual. O modelo de gestão de estoque atualmente utilizado apresentou desempenho pior mesmo comparado aos modelos não vencedores.This work analyses the viability of an application of the inventory management systematic, which allows to choose and to parameterize replenishment decision models to support supermarket replenishment coordinators in their tasks, using real data. The main objective of this systematic is to contribute to the product availability improvement in the supermarket store considering the following equation: minimize the operational and inventory costs from retail having as a restriction the minimum customer service level in items available at the retail store. This experimental applied research identified CALNEC as the inventory model that presented the best performance in 80% of the sample. The best configuration (configuration of the best performance from all models) showed a saving of 42% compared to the current costs. The current inventory management model presented the worst performance even compared to the non-winners models.
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Yen, Jeffrey Lee. "A system model for assessing water consumption across transportation modes in urban mobility networks." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/39527.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Energy and environmental impacts are two factors that will influence urban region composition in the near future. One emerging issue is the effect on water usage resulting from changes in regional or urban transportation trends. With many regions experiencing stresses on water availability, transportation planners and users need to combine information on transportation-related water consumption for any region and assess potential impacts on local water resources from the expansion of alternative transportation modes. This thesis will focus on use-phase water consumption factors for multiple vehicle modes, energy and fuel pathways, roads, and vehicle infrastructure for a given transportation network.
While there are studies examining life cycle impacts for energy generation and vehicle usage, few repeatable models exist for assessing overall water consumption across several transportation modes within urban regions. As such, the question is: is it possible to develop a traceable decision support model that combines and assesses water consumption from transportation modes and related mobility infrastructure for a given mobility network? Based on this, an object-oriented system model of transportation elements was developed using the Systems Modeling Language (SysML) and Model-Based Systems Engineering principles to compare water consumption across vehicle modes for assessing the resiliency of existing infrastructure and water resources.
To demonstrate the intent of this model, daily network usage water consumption will be analyzed for current and alternative network scenarios projected by policies regarding the expansion of alternative energy. The model is expected to show variations in water consumption due to fluctuations in energy pathways, market shares, and driving conditions, from which the model should help determine the feasibility of expanding alterative vehicles and fuels in these networks. While spatially explicit data is limited compared to the national averages that are used as model inputs, the analytical framework within this model closely follows that of existing assessments and the reusable nature of SysML model elements allows for the future expansion of additional transportation modes and infrastructure as well as other environmental analyses.
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GRENMARK, OSKAR, and DANIEL OHLSSON. "Applying a model for lateral transshipments in fast-fashion retail." Thesis, KTH, Industriell Management, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-237236.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The highly variable demand of fast fashion causes retailers in the industry to face large uncertainties when allocating initial inventory batches across multiple locations. Further into the selling season, inventory imbalances might arise as an effect of deviations from expected demand. To mitigate these imbalances, retailers can make use of lateral transshipments of inventory from locations with excess stock to those facing the risk of a stockout. Such transshipments require models for determining what and how much to ship as well as when to ship it. This thesis investigates how such a model can be applied on replenishment warehouse level in a fast-fashion retail setting. The research was conducted through a quantitative case study at Hennes & Mauritz (H&M), one of the largest fast-fashion retailers in the world. An appropriate existing transshipment model based on the concept of service level was identified and adjusted to suit the characteristics of H&M. In contrast to the vast majority of models in literature, empirical probability distributions were used for dynamically modelling short-term demand. The proposed model was evaluated and found to suggest transshipments yielding significant revenue increase driven by lowered price reductions. This thesis differs from existing literature by providing a unique case-study of how a transshipment model can be applied in practice and how it performs on empirical data from one of the largest fast-fashion retailers in the world.Den kraftigt varierande efterfrågan på snabbt mode gör att aktörer i branschen står inför stora osäkerheter vid initiala lagerallokeringar. Längre in i försäljningscykeln kan lagerobalanser uppstå till följd av avvikelser från den förväntade efterfrågan. För att hantera obalanserna kan företag flytta lager från de regioner med lageröverskott till de som i närtid riskerar att få slut i lager. Sådana flyttar kräver modeller för att avgöra vad och hur mycket som ska flyttas samt när det ska flyttas. Detta examensarbete undersöker hur en sådan modell kan appliceras inom branschen för snabbt mode. Studien genomfördes som en kvantitativ fallstudie i samarbete med Hennes & Mauritz (H&M), en av världens största aktörer inom snabbmodebranschen. En lämplig existerande modell som baseras på konceptet om servicenivå identifierades och anpassades efter H&M:s egenskaper. Till skillnad från majoriteten av modeller i literature användes empiriska sannolikhetsfördelningar för att dynamiskt modellera kortsiktig efterfrågan. Den föreslagna modellen utvärderades och visades föreslå flyttar som genererar signifikanta intäktsökningar drivet av lägre prisnedsättningar. Denna studie skiljer sig från existerande litteratur genom sitt bidrag med en unik fallstudie av hur en modell för lagerflyttar kan appliceras i praktiken samt hur den presterar på empirisk data från en av världens största snabbmodeaktörer.
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Fernandes, David Miguel Ferreira. "Otimização da gestão de stocks da empresa Rações Zêzere." Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/12929.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Mestrado em Gestão e Estratégia IndustrialAtualmente, a redução dos custos de aprovisionamento é bastante importante para qualquer empresa. O custo total de inventário é um dos custos que, se for bem gerido, pode proporcionar uma poupança significativa para as empresas. Este trabalho aborda algumas das classificações e modelos académicos de gestão de stocks e ilustra a sua aplicação numa empresa real, com o objetivo de otimizar a sua gestão de stocks através da redução do seu custo total anual de inventário. Neste estudo optou-se por uma classificação ABC, de forma a ordenar os vários itens em stock consoante a sua relevância financeira. O modelo de gestão de stocks aplicado foi o da Quantidade Económica de Encomenda, que indica qual a quantidade ótima que deve ser encomendada em cada ordem de encomenda, satisfazendo a procura total anual e tendo em conta os custos relacionados com a sua efetivação e com a posse de stocks. Os resultados obtidos pela aplicação de métodos académicos de gestão de stocks demonstraram que pode ser feita uma poupança de mais de 25% relativamente ao custo total anual de stocks registado pela empresa no ano 2015.
Currently, the reduction of supply costs is very important for any company. The total cost of inventory is a cost that if well managed, can provide significant savings for companies. This paper addresses some of the classifications and academic models of stock management and illustrates its application in a real company, in order to optimize their inventory management by reducing its total inventory annual cost. In this study we chose an ABC classification, in order to sort the various items in stock according to their financial importance. The applied inventory management model was the Economic Ordering Quantity, which indicates the optimum amount that must be ordered in each purchase order, satisfying the total annual demand and taking into account the costs related to its ordering and stock ownership. The results obtained by applying academic methods of stock management have shown that it can be made more than 25% in savings when compared to the company's total inventory annual cost in 2015.
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Schwaneke, Robert L. "Essentiality weighting models for wholesale level inventory management." Thesis, Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/23027.
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Крисак, Жанна Миколаївна. "Управління закупівельною логістикою (на прикладі ДП «Кондитерська корпорація «Рошен»)". Master's thesis, Київ, 2018. https://ela.kpi.ua/handle/123456789/24992.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Відомості про обсяг роботи, кількість ілюстрацій, таблиць, додатків, джерел за переліком посилань. Магістерська дисертація на тему: «Управління закупівельною логістикою (на прикладі ДП «Кондитерська корпорація «Рошен»)» містить 119 сторінок, 37 таблиць, 17 рисунків, 4 додатки. Перелік посилань нараховує 55 найменувань.
Актуальність теми. У ринковій економіці все більшого значення набуває постійне удосконалення організації, управління підприємством, передусім процесу виробництва, ефективне використання фінансових і матеріальних ресурсів, матеріальних запасів тощо.
Необхідною умовою безперебійного й ефективного функціонування виробництва є добре налагоджена закупівля матеріалів, сировини, ресурсів тощо, організація якого здійснюється через органи закупівель.
Головним завданням органів забезпечення підприємства виступає своєчасне, оптимальне та доцільне забезпечення виробництва необхідними матеріальними ресурсами відповідної комплектності і якості. У зв’язку з цим тема економічної та своєчасної закупівлі сировини, матеріалів і напівфабрикатів є дуже актуальною для конкурентоспроможності підприємства та утримання своєї частки на ринку.
Зв’язок роботи з науковими програмами, планами, темами.
Магістерську дисертацію на здобуття ступеня магістра виконано в Національному технічному університеті України «КПІ імені Ігоря Сікорського» (м. Київ) згідно з планами науково-дослідних робіт кафедри менеджменту. Результати дослідження, проведеного в роботі, є частиною наукової теми: «Удосконалення процесів управління логістичними системами українських підприємств в умовах інтеграції у світову економіку» (№ ДР 0117U005641) — внесок автора полягає в обґрунтуванні можливих шляхів покращення управління закупівлями та запасами на виробничому підприємстві, що позитивним чином вплинуть на його діяльність в рамках постачання та в цілому забезпечить підвищення рівня доходів, що є кінцевою метою чи не кожної комерційної організації.
Мета і задачі дослідження. Теоретичну основу дослідження організації логістичної діяльності із закупівлі сировини та ресурсів склали наукові праці зарубіжних та вітчизняних вчених, таких як: Ачкасов А. Е., Баурос Д., Бланк І.А., Губанов В.А., Голубков Е.П., Ламберт Д. М., СтокДж. Р., Старостіна А.О., Лахтіонова Л. А., Лушкин В. А., Луіс Р., Мазаракі А.А., Пономарьов В. Д., Носова С. С., Шеремет А. Д., Сайфулін Р. С. Ялдин І.В. та багато інших.
Проте, не зважаючи на значний обсяг наукових розробок та публікацій з теорії організації логістичної діяльності у сфері закупівель, проблема управління логістикою постачання в умовах нестабільності інфляційного ринку залишається відкритою
Об’єкт дослідження — процес управління закупівельною логістикою.
Предмет дослідження — теоретичні та практичні аспекти удосконалення управління закупівельною логістикою.
Наукова новизна одержаних результатів полягає в поглибленні теоретичних положень та розробці практичних рекомендацій щодо удосконалення управління закупівельною логістикою підприємства, зокрема розвиток теоретико-методичних підходів до вибору постачальника та зміни моделі управління запасами на підприємстві.Master's thesis on «Procurement logistics management at the Confectionery Corporation Roshen» includes 119 pages, 37 tables, 17 drawings, 4 attachment. The bibliography list consists of 55 items.
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Gonçalves, Daniel Rodrigues. "Projeto de implementação e melhoria da gestão de stocks numa empresa agroindustrial." Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/14607.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Mestrado em Gestão e Estratégia IndustrialAtualmente, a globalização está mais estabelecida do que nunca e com isso observa-se elevado níveis de concorrência entre empresas. Mercados dinâmicos, promovem uma maior competição, exigem padrões cada vez mais elevados de eficiência e qualidade, e tal obriga a otimização da cadeia de abastecimento. Com vista aos resultados, as empresas carecem de maximizar a sua cadeia de valor, com as cadeias de abastecimento e logística desempenhando papéis cruciais. O presente estudo aborda a importância de processos logísticos avançados e modelos de gestão de stocks, enquanto ilustra a sua aplicação numa empresa real, agroindustrial que atua no setor de FMCG (Fast Moving Consumer Goods). Através da análise das suas principais restrições logísticas, foi identificada a gestão de packing materials como a principal limitação para manter os custos baixos. Assim, neste projeto para realização da otimização de gestão de stocks, definiu-se que a procura anual foi igual às vendas de 2016, acrescendo 10%, de desperdício do processo produtivo. Consecutivamente, aplicou-se uma classificação ABC aos valores da procura anual com o objectivo de identificar os itens com maior impacto. Através do modelo de Quantidade Económica de Encomenda (QEE), determinaram-se as quantidades ótimas para um custo total de inventário mínimo, dos artigos definidos como muito importantes. Finalmente, efectuou-se os cálculos do custo total com inventários em 2016 e quais seriam os custos utilizando a QEE, e foi observado que a utilização de um método de gestão de stocks permite à empresa uma poupança anual de cerca de 15,22% face aos custos totais reportados anteriormente.
Today, globalization is more established than ever before and with this we see high levels of competition between companies. Dynamic markets, which fosters competition, demands higher levels of efficiency and quality, for that is required true expertise in supply chain optimization. Deliver a good product or service that consumers' want is not enough to be competitive and sustainable in the long term in this hostile market. Looking for results, companies need to maximize their value chain, with supply chain and logistics playing really important roles. Therefore, the present study addresses the importance of advanced logistics processes and stock management models, while it illustrates its application in a real company, an agroindustrial company operating in FMCG sector. Through the analysis of its main logistic constraints, it was identified the management of packing materials as one limitation to maintain costs low. Hence, in this project for the optimization of stock management, it was defined that the annual demand for packaging materials was equal to the sales of 2016, adding 10% of the average waste process. Thus, ABC classification in order to identify the items with the highest impact. Through the Economic Order Quantity (EOQ) model it was determined the optimal for a minimal cost of, of the articles defined as very important. Finally, we calculated the total cost with inventories in 2016 and what costs would be using the EOQ, we observed that the use of a OEQ method allows the company an annual saving of 15,22% over total costs reported before.
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Wadhwa, Hitendra K. S. (Hitendra Kumar Singh). "Models for pricing and inventory management of seasonal products." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/10800.
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Cooper, William L. "Revenue management, auctions, and perishable inventories." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/25805.
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Kernbichler, Tiago Sanches. "Aplicação de modelo de revisão periódica multiperíodo como política de planejamento de estoques no setor de peças primárias subcontratadas na indústria aeroespacial." Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016. https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/8123.
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This dissertation studies the application of a periodic review inventory model based on the multiperiod newsboy problem, as an effective alternative to reach a well balanced inventory planning policy of subcontractors primary parts area of the aerospace industry. In Brazil, the aerospace industry is responsible for a large amount of the country exports and this industry competes with other globally aerospace supply chains in a scenario increasingly turbulent and demanding for fast deliveries, with high quality levels and low cost. The purpose of this work is to study and propose this alternative for optimizing the inventory planning by means of a quantitative approach, applied in a primary parts sector of the aerospace industry, it will focus in a specific group of items with high annual demand value. The main objective of this approach is to balance the high inventory costs with a high service level demanded in this industry, and efficiently respond the stakeholders expectations, with superior performance of the usual models adopted by this industry, and give a better support to the decision makers in a tactical-operational level. The result obtained show the potential of the method to improve the performance of these inventory management and planning systems.
Este trabalho estuda a aplicação de um modelo analítico de revisão periódica de estoques, baseado no problema do jornaleiro multiperíodo (Multiperiod Newsboy Problem), como uma alternativa efetiva para determinação da política de planejamento de estoques do setor de peças primárias subcontratadas da indústria aeroespacial. No Brasil, a indústria aeroespacial é responsável por grande parte das exportações do país e compete globalmente com outras cadeias aeroespaciais num cenário cada vez mais turbulento e exigente por entregas rápidas, com altos níveis de qualidade e baixos custos. O objetivo deste trabalho é estudar e propor essa alternativa para otimizar o planejamento de estoques por meio de uma abordagem quantitativa, aplicada no setor de peças primárias da indústria aeroespacial, para um grupo de peças com características especificas, principalmente as de alto valor para demanda anual. O intuito desta abordagem é equilibrar os altos custos de estoque com os altos níveis de serviço exigidos por esta indústria, e responder de forma eficiente às expectativas dos stakeholders, com desempenho superior aos modelos atualmente utilizados no setor e auxiliar de forma mais precisa e sistematizada a tomada de decisão no nível tático-operacional. Os resultados obtidos mostram o potencial do método para melhorar o desempenho desses sistemas de gestão e planejamento de estoques.
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Serratti, Ramos Luz Mitshel, and Rios Marlith Gianina Roman. "Modelo de Gestión de Abastecimiento para optimizar el tiempo de entrega de partes y piezas del equipo estándar R1600 en una empresa proveedor del sector minero." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/657012.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
En una zona tan importante y con gran aporte al PIB del país, como lo es el sector minero, llevar a cabo un modelo de gestión de la oferta que ayude a generar una mayor rentabilidad, es haberse ganado la lotería. Es por ello que dicho modelo de gestión se basa, en primer lugar, en llevar a cabo una matriz kraljic para obtener una estrategia de compras, en segundo lugar, se lleva a cabo una aprobación de los proveedores que están principalmente dispuestos a trabajar con un sistema VMI (Inventario Administrado). por proveedores), este proceso tiene como finalidad reducir el tiempo de demora de la adquisición de los componentes del cargador R1600 con el fin de atender al cliente en 52 días, esta fecha la establece la empresa en estudio, la cual fue referenciada por el sector del mismo artículo que en promedio es de 45 días. Actualmente, el tiempo de entrega del cargador R1600 al cliente es de 72 días, siendo la empresa que más demora en la entrega, este retraso se debe al retraso en la adquisición de partes y piezas. Ante este problema, se propone una técnica innovadora que consiste en llevar a cabo un conjunto de metodologías, la matriz de Kraljic, luego desarrollar la aprobación del proveedor y el software VMI. Lo que generó poder atender al cliente en el tiempo acordado sin generar penalidades contractuales, reduciendo los costos de horas extras por parte de los operadores y aumentando las ganancias de la empresa en estudio.In such an important area and with great contribution to the GDP of the country, as it is in the mining sector, to carry out a supply management model that helps to generate greater profitability, is to have won the lottery. That is why, said management model is based, firstly, on carrying out a kraljic matrix to obtain a purchasing strategy, secondly, an approval of suppliers who are mainly willing to work with a VMI (Managed Inventory) system is carried out. by suppliers), this process has the purpose of reducing the delay time of acquiring the components of the R1600 charger in order to meet the customer in 52 days, this date is established by the company under study, which was referenced by the sector of the same item that on average is 45 days. Currently, the delivery time of the R1600 charger to the client is 72 days, being the company that delays the longest in delivery, this delay is due to the delay in the acquisition of parts and pieces. Faced with this problem, an innovative technique is proposed that consists of carrying out a set of methodologies, the Kraljic matrix, then developing the supplier approval and VMI software. What generated being able to meet the client in the agreed time without generating contract penalties, reducing the costs of overtime by the operators and increasing the profits of the company under study.
Trabajo de Suficiencia Profesional
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Rodrigues, Hugo Alberto Crespo. "Caso de estudo sobre a melhoria da gestão de stocks na empresa Imarpec." Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/14594.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Mestrado em Gestão e Estratégia IndustrialAs questões relacionadas com a melhoria da gestão de stocks têm assumido uma importância maior no seio das organizações, e nesse sentido têm-se desenvolvido estudos com vista a procurar soluções para minimizar o Custo Total de Aprovisionamento. No presente trabalho de projeto pretende-se demonstrar que é possível reduzir o atual Custo Total de Aprovisionamento da empresa Imarpec, sendo que para isso foram utilizados modelos académicos, como o QEE (Quantidade Económica de Encomenda) para encontrar a resposta à pergunta "Quanto encomendar?", que satisfaça a procura anual e que ao mesmo tempo minimiza os custos, assim como o MPE (Modelo do Ponto de Encomenda), de forma a encontrar a resposta à pergunta "Quando encomendar?", determinando o nível de stock para efetuar-se nova encomenda. Para este estudo foi escolhida a Classificação ABC, ferramenta útil para distinguir os três tipos de itens em inventário, de acordo com o peso financeiro que cada um representa, focando depois nos itens tipo A para a análise de custos. Os resultados obtidos permitem tirar conclusões sobre a importância que a gestão de stocks tem nas empresas, devendo ser feita de forma diferenciada para cada classe de stock, sendo os itens tipo A, aqueles que merecem uma gestão mais rigorosa pelos custos financeiros que incorrem. Por fim é apresentada uma proposta específica que a empresa pode seguir com vista a melhorar a gestão de stocks atual, permitindo obter uma poupança até 86% relativamente ao Custo Total de Aprovisionamento incorrido em 2016.
The related issues with stocks management improvement has considered an huge importance in the center of organizations, thus has been developed studies to looking for solutions to minimize the total inventory cost. In the present work project, intend to show that is possible reduce the current total inventory cost of Imarpec, then are used academical models, than EOQ (Economic Order Quantity) to find the answer to the question "How much to order?", that both satisfy annual demand and minimize costs, as well as ROP (Reorder Point) model, to find the answer to the question "When to order?", to determine the stock level and place new order. For this study was chosen the ABC classification, it's a useful tool to distinguish the three types of itens in inventory, according with the financial proportion that each one represent, and then focused in itens type A to costs analysis. The results obtained allow drawing conclusions about the importance that stocks management have in companies, that should be done in a differentiated way to each classe of stock, and classe A are the ones that deserve more rigorous stocks management because of financial costs that incur. At the final, is presented a specific proposal that enterprise can follow to actual stocks management improve, allowing achieve a save until 86% about total inventory cost incurred in 2016.
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
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Cakmak, Ulas. "On risk-averse and robust inventory problems." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/44745.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The thesis focuses on the analysis of various extensions of the classical multi-period single-item stochastic inventory problem. Specifically, we investigate two particular approaches of modeling risk in the context of inventory management: risk-averse models and robust formulations. We analyze the classical newsvendor problem utilizing a coherent risk measure as the objective function. Properties of coherent risk measures allow us to offer a unifying treatment of risk averse and min-max type formulations. We show that the structure of the optimal policy of the risk-averse model is similar to that of the classical expected value problem for both single and multi-period cases. The result carries over even when there is a fixed ordering cost. We expand our analysis to robust formulations of multi-period inventory problems. We consider both independent and dependent uncertainty sets and prove the optimality of base-stock policies for the general problem formulation. We focus on budget of uncertainty approach and develop a heuristic that can also be employed for a class of parametric dependency structures. We compare our proposed heuristic against alternative solution techniques.
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Maddah, Bacel. "Pricing, Variety, and Inventory Decisions in Retail Operations Management." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/26298.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This dissertation is concerned with decision making in retail operations management. Specifically, we focus on pricing, variety, and inventory decisions, which are at the interface of the marketing and operations functions of a retail firm. We consider two problems that relate to two major types of retail goods. First, we study joint pricing, variety, and inventory decisions for a set of substitutable" items that serve the same need for the consumer (commonly referred to as a "retailer's product line"). Second, we present a novel model of a selling strategy for "complementary" items that we refer to as ``convenience tying," and focus on analyzing the effect of this selling strategy on pricing and profitability. We also study inventory decisions under convenience tying and exogenous pricing.
For a product line of substitutable items, the retailer's objective is to jointly determine the set of variants to include in her product line ("assortment"), together with their prices and inventory levels, so as to maximize her expected profit. We model the consumer choice process using a multinomial logit choice model and consider a newsvendor type inventory setting. We derive the structure of the optimal assortment for a special case where the non-ascending order of items in mean consumer valuation and the non-descending order of items in unit cost agree. For this special case, we find that an optimal assortment has a limited number of items with the largest values of the mean consumer valuation (equivalently, the items with the smallest values of the unit cost). For the general case, we propose a dominance rule that significantly reduces the number of different subsets to be considered when searching for an optimal assortment.
We also present bounds on the optimal prices that can be obtained by solving single variable equations. Finally, we combine several observations from our analytical and numerical study to develop an efficient heuristic procedure, which is shown to perform well on many numerical tests.
With the objective of gaining further insights into the structure of the retailer's optimal decisions, we study a special case of the product line problem with "similar items" having equal unit costs and identical reservation price distributions. We also assume that all items in a product line are sold at the same price. We focus on two situations: (i) the assortment size is exogenously fixed, while the retailer jointly determines the pricing and inventory levels of items in her product line; and (ii) the pricing is exogenously set, while the retailer jointly determines the assortment size and inventory levels. We also briefly discuss the joint pricing/variety/inventory problem where the pricing, assortment size, and inventory levels are all decision variables.
In the first setting, we characterize the structure of the retailer's optimal pricing and inventory decisions. We then study the effect of limited inventory on the optimal pricing by comparing our results (in the ``risky case" with limited inventory) with the ``riskless case," which assumes infinite inventory levels. In addition, we gain insights on how the optimal price changes with product line variety as well as demand and cost parameters, and show that the behavior of the optimal price in the risky case can be quite different from that in the riskless case.
In the second setting, we characterize the retailer's optimal assortment size considering the trade-off between sales revenue and inventory costs. Our stylized model allows us to obtain strong structural and monotonicity results. In particular, we find that the expected profit at optimal inventory levels is unimodal in the assortment size, which implies that the optimal assortment size is finite. By comparison to the riskless case, we find that this finite variety level is due to inventory costs.
Finally, for the joint pricing/variety/inventory problem, we find that even when the retailer has control over the price, finite inventories still restrict the variety level. We also propose several bounds that can be useful in solving the joint problem.
We then study a convenience tying strategy for two complementary items that we denote by "primary" and "secondary." The retailer sells the primary item in an appropriate department of her store. In addition, to stimulate demand, the secondary item is offered in two locations: its appropriate department and the primary item's department where it is displayed in very close proximity to the primary item. We analyze the profitability of this selling practice by comparing it to the traditional independent components strategy, where the two items are sold independently (each in its own department). We focus on understanding the effect of convenience tying on pricing. We also briefly discuss inventory considerations. First, assuming infinite inventory levels, we show that convenience tying decreases the price of the primary item and adjusts the price of the secondary item up or down depending on its popularity in the primary item's department. We also derive several structural and monotonicity properties of the optimal prices, and provide sufficient conditions for the profitability of convenience tying. Then, under exogenous pricing, we find that convenience tying is profitable only if it generates enough demand to cover the increase in inventory costs due to decentralizing the sales of the secondary item.Ph. D.
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Sabouri, Alireza Bagh Abbas. "Applications of stochastic optimization models in patient screening and blood inventory management." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/50494.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This thesis comprises three chapters with applications of the stochastic optimization models in healthcare as a central theme. The first chapter considers a patient screening problem. Patients on the kidney transplant waiting list are at higher risk for developing cardiovascular disease (CVD), which makes them ineligible for transplant. Therefore, transplant centers screen waiting patients to identify patients with severe CVD. We propose a model for finding screening strategies, with the objective of minimizing sum of the expected screening cost and the expected penalty cost associated with transplanting an organ to an ineligible patient. Our results suggest that current screening guidelines, which are only based on patients' risk for developing CVD, are significantly dominated by policies that also consider factors related to patients' waiting time.
In the second chapter, we extend our results from the first chapter to the case of inspecting a vital component which is needed at a random future time when an emergency occurs. If the component is not operational at that time, the system incurs a large penalty, which we want to avoid through inspections and replacements. We propose a model and solution algorithm for finding an inspection policy that minimizes the infinite horizon discounted expected penalty, replacement, and inspection costs. We also discuss other structural properties of the solution, as well as insights based on numerical results.
In the third chapter, we consider inventory decisions regarding issuing blood in a hospital. This research is motivated by recent findings in medicine that the age of transfused blood can affect health outcomes, with older blood contributing to more complications. Current practice at hospital blood banks is to issue blood in order from oldest to youngest inventory, so as to minimize shortage. However, the conflicting objective of reducing the age of blood transfused requires an issuing policy that also depends on the inventory of units of different ages. We propose a model that balances the trade-off between the average age of blood transfused and the shortage rate. Our numerical results suggest we can significantly reduce the age of transfused blood with a relatively small increase in the shortage rate.Business, Sauder School of
Graduate
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Yashkina, O. I., and I. A. Pedko. "Models of inventory management for industrial enterprises under energy resources price increase." Thesis, Sumy State University, 2016. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/49560.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The paper provides an inventory management model for industrial enterprises under conditions of expected increase of energy prices. Different approaches to the formation of reserves will allow industrial enterprises to be aware of the risks of energy prices increase and, depending on the choice of a particular strategy of stockpiling of raw materials or components, to calculate the size and timing of deliveries while minimizing costs for shipping and storing.У статті запропоновано моделі управління запасами промислових підприємств в умовах очікуваного підвищення цін на енергоносії. Різні підходи до формування запасів дозволять промисловим підприємствам враховувати ризики щодо здорожчання енергоносіїв та за вибором певної стратегії накопичення запасів сировини або складових розраховувати розміри та терміни поставок за умовою мінімізації витрат на доставку та зберігання.
В статье предложены модели управления запасами для промышленных предприятий в условиях ожидаемого повышения цен на энергоносители. Различные подходы к формированию запасов позволят промышленным предприятиям учитывать риски подорожания энергоносителей и в зависимости от выбора определенной стратегии накопления запасов сырья или комплектующих рассчитывать размеры и сроки поставок при условии минимизации затрат на доставку и хранение.
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Terciyanli, Erman. "Alternative Mathematical Models For Revenue Management Problems." Master's thesis, METU, 2009. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12610711/index.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In this study, the seat inventory control problem is considered for airline networks from the
perspective of a risk-averse decision maker. In the revenue management literature, it is generally
assumed that the decision makers are risk-neutral. Therefore, the expected revenue is
maximized without taking the variability or any other risk factor into account. On the other
hand, risk-sensitive approach provides us with more information about the behavior of the
revenue. The risk measure we consider in this study is the probability that revenue is less
than a predetermined threshold level. In the risk-neutral cases, while the expected revenue
is maximized, the probability of revenue being less than such a predetermined level might
be high. We propose three mathematical models to incorporate the risk measure under consideration.
The optimal allocations obtained by these models are numerically evaluated in
simulation studies for example problems. Expected revenue, coefficient of variation, load factor
and probability of the poor performance are the performance measures in the simulation
studies. According to the results of these simulations, it shown that the proposed models can
decrease the variability of the revenue considerably. In other words, the probability of revenue
being less than the threshold level is decreased. Moreover, expected revenue can be increased
in some scenarios by using the proposed models. The approach considered in this thesis is especially proposed for small scale airlines because risk of obtaining revenue less than the
threshold level is more for this type of airlines as compared to large scale airlines.
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Collins, Bobbi L. Stroh Gregory F. "The use of simulation to evaluate inventory models for management of hazardous material /." Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 1995. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA306257.
Повний текст джерела
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Collins, Bobbi L., and Gregory F. Stroh. "The use of simulation to evaluate inventory models for management of hazardous material." Thesis, Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/31422.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
A problem for the Navy Supply System is identifying the proper inventory model for managing a Hazardous Material Minimization Center. This thesis analyzes three recently proposed inventory models: two continuous review economic order quantity (EOQ) inventory models and a periodic review inventory model. Based on this analysis, the authors develop both a continuous review EOQ model and a periodic review model for evaluation. These models differ from the previous ones in that they comprise all of the relevant hazardous material inventory costs including extension of shelf-life. The two new models are then evaluated through the use of simulation. A base set of data was first used in simulating both models. This was then followed by four additional simulated scenarios providing sensitivity analyses of demand-related changes to each model. The thesis' analysis focuses on total variable costs as the primary tool for evaluating the models. The results in all cases were very close, suggesting that it can be left to the inventory managers as to whether to use a continuous review or periodic review model. Additional testing with actual demand data is strongly recommended before any implementation of either model.