Дисертації з теми "Intra-household decisions"
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ALVES, LUCIANA SAMPAIO. "CREDIT CONSTRAINTS AND INTRA-HOUSEHOLD DECISIONS." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2004. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=5546@1.
Повний текст джерелаNa presença de imperfeições no mercado de crédito, a distribuição de riqueza se torna importante para explicar o desenvolvimento econômico de um país. Pois, quando a obtenção de financiamento é insuficiente ou inviável, criase uma relação entre a riqueza de um indivíduo e suas decisões de investimento. Este artigo apresenta evidência empírica de que restrições de crédito afetam substancialmente decisões cruciais das famílias brasileiras - escolha ocupacional do chefe e do cônjuge, educação de crianças e trabalho infantil. A falta de crédito é detectada pelo fato dos agentes estarem restritos por sua riqueza em suas escolhas. Utilizando os dados da Pesquisa Nacional por Amostra de Domicílios (PNAD), observou-se, para os diferentes tipos de família, uma forte relação entre riqueza e decisões intra- familiares. Os resultados sugerem que esta relação parece ser mais intensa para cônjuges, casais sem filhos e para as mães solteiras. No caso das crianças, as meninas são mais afetadas pela falta de crédito.
In the presence of credit market imperfections, the distribution of wealth becomes a key factor in explaining a country's economic development. When outside financing is unavailable or insufficient, a link between an agent's wealth and his investment decisions is created. This paper provides empirical evidence on credit constraints and key intra-household decisions in Brazil; namely, occupational choice of heads and spouses, child labor and education. Our empirical strategy is based on the literature about wealth- constrained choices, in which credit constraints determine a relationship between initial wealth and household decisions. Using data from the National Surveys of Households (PNAD), we show a strong connection between wealth and such decisions. Our findings suggest credit constraints are relatively more binding for spouses, couples without children and single mothers. For the case of children, the girls are more affected by the lack of credit.
Colacce, Maira. "Three essays on intra-household distribution of resources and poverty." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Bordeaux, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024BORD0121.
Повний текст джерелаThis dissertation analyzes the patterns of intra-household inequalities in non-developed countries and how they are affected by culture and policies. Using household expenditure surveys, I employ a collective model to analyze household consumption allocation and its drivers, and to assess its implications for individual poverty.In the first chapter, I present novel findings on intra-household resource distribution for 45 low- and middle-income countries. The results reveal that women are nearly twice as poor as men on a global scale, with children experiencing even greater deprivation. Furthermore, intra-household disparities are more pronounced in poor countries and, within countries, among poor households.In the second chapter, I investigate whether kinship-based post-marital residence customs—specifically, patrilocality (residing with the groom's parents) and matrilocality (residing with the bride's parents)—continue to influence household consumption sharing and individual poverty levels in Ghana and Malawi. Analysis indicates that ancestral patrilocality, compared to matrilocality, corresponds with reduced resource allocation to women and a notably higher incidence of poverty among women across various household consumption levels.In the third chapter, I examine the impact of Uruguay's largest social assistance program, which targets poor families with children and paid to women. Employing a regression discontinuity design within a structural estimation framework, I find a significant increase in resource allocation to eligible women in rural areas, with no effects on children. I translate these results into terms of individual poverty: all family members benefit from the income effect, but the bargaining effect reduces women's poverty even more
Reckien, Diana. "Intra-regional migration in formerly industrialised regions qualitative modelling of household location decisions as an input to policy and plan making in Leipzig/Germany and Wirral/Liverpool/UK /." Potsdam : PIK [u.a.], 2007. http://deposit.d-nb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=984495584.
Повний текст джерелаMohemkar-Kheirandish, Reza. "Intra-Household Decision Making." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/29215.
Повний текст джерелаPh. D.
Reckien, Diana [Verfasser]. "Intra-regional migration in formerly industrialised regions : qualitative modelling of household location decisions as an input to policy and plan making in Leipzig/Germany and Wirral/Liverpool/UK / Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research (PIK). Diana Reckien." Potsdam : PIK, 2007. http://d-nb.info/984495584/34.
Повний текст джерелаMajid, Hadia. "Parental Decision-Making and Intra-Household Resource Allocation." The Ohio State University, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1343056919.
Повний текст джерелаNgenzebuke, Rama Lionel. "Essays on Intra-household Decision-making, Gender and Socio-Economic Development." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/246695.
Повний текст джерелаDoctorat en Sciences économiques et de gestion
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Ho, Chinh Quoc. "An Investigation of Intra-Household Interactions in Travel Mode Choice." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/9533.
Повний текст джерелаSchneebaum, Alyssa, and Katharina Mader. "The gendered nature of intra-household decision making in and across Europe." WU Vienna University of Economics and Business, 2013. http://epub.wu.ac.at/3995/1/wp157.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаSeries: Department of Economics Working Paper Series
Murmu, Johnny. "Household decision-making in developing economics: investigation into- intra-household income distribution, educational mobility and health status in rural west Bengal." Thesis, University of North Bengal, 2017. http://ir.nbu.ac.in/handle/123456789/2771.
Повний текст джерелаArslan, Cansin [Verfasser]. "Essays on Agricultural Technology Adoption, Value Chain Development, and Intra-Household Decision-Making / Cansin Arslan." Göttingen : Niedersächsische Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Göttingen, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1220504491/34.
Повний текст джерелаLekezwa, Bongisa Indira. "The impact of social grants as anti-poverty policy instruments in South Africa : an analysis using household theory to determine intra-household allocation of unearned income." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/6653.
Повний текст джерелаENGLISH ABSTRACT: Social assistance is a large and fiscally costly component of anti-poverty policy in South Africa and therefore lends to the questions: Are the grants effective tools for reducing poverty in South Africa and, moreover, how significant is their impact on poverty? As a measure of reducing poverty and improving the non-social indicators of the poor, the government has expanded the social grants since the advent of the new democracy. The country‟s social grant system is advanced and covers a broad range of individuals, as it is intended to cover vulnerable individuals over their life course from childhood to adulthood and into old age. Policy discourse surrounding the grants centres on the sustainability of the system and their implications for development. It is therefore important that their significance is shown and that their impact is illustrated by highlighting their reach into severely poor households. As a measure of poverty alleviation on their own, the grants are not enough and South Africa‟s poverty alleviation strategy has to rest primarily on economic growth and job creation. In addition, there are significant challenges in the system, such as the fact that there is no poverty grant targeted specifically at the unemployed; consequently, too much strain is placed on the resources of grant-receiving households that the whole household is plunged into poverty. Accordingly, the question this raises is: How can government solve the problem of the poor clustering around these grants? This dissertation will systematically show that the use of social security as a poverty-alleviating tool is effective given the extent of poverty in South Africa and the limitations on resources. It will also show that the decision-making structures in households influence the way grants affect the resource allocation needed for achieving lower levels of poverty. The extent to which the cash transferred to poor households via the grant programmes reduces poverty is likely to be influenced significantly by the decision-making structures in the grant-receiving households. There is evidence that grant money is shared in extended households, which suggests that decision making is broadly unitary or cooperative. However, we can only observe the outcomes and not the decision-making process in this regard and therefore can only draw tentative conclusions. Although there is cause for concern regarding the propensity of social grants to affect people‟s behaviour negatively, there is a case to be made for retaining grants as an important, though not the only, form of anti-poverty strategy. This highlights the need for continued research on the labour market and the social grants causal relationship. It also shows that research into the fertility effects of the grants is wanting, especially if there are speculative concerns that might inform policy on the impact of CSG on fertility.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Sosiale bystand is „n groot en duur fiskale komponent van anti-armoede verligtingsbeleid in Suid Afrika en lei daarom tot die vrae: Is die toelaes effektiewe instrumente om armoede te verlig in Suid Afrika, en nog meer, hoe noemenswaardig is hulle impak op armoede? As „n maatstaf om armoede te verlig en die nie-sosiale armoede- aanwysers te verbeter van die armes, het die regering die sosiale toelaes vermeerder sedert die aanvang van demokrasie. Die land se sosiale toelae stelsel is gevorderd en dek „n wye verskeidenheid groepe van individue, aangesien dit bedoel is om weerlose individue te dek vanaf kind tot volwassene deurlopend tot die bejaarde. Beleidsdiskoers om die toelaes fokus op die volhoubaarheid van die stelsel en die implikasies daarvan vir ontwikkeling. Dit is daarom van belang dat die belangrikheid hiervan uitgewys word en die impak daarvan geillustreer word, deur op hul trefkrag te fokus in die armste van huishoudings. As „n middel to armoedeverligting op sigself is toelaes nie voldoende nie, en Suid-Afrika se armoede verligtingstrategie moet hoofsaaklik lê in werkskepping en ekonomiese groei. Verder is daar belangrike uitdagings in die stelsel, soos byvoorbeeld die feit dat daar geen armoede toelaes spesifiek gemik op die werkloses is nie; „n gevolg hiervan is dat daar te veel druk geplaas word op die bronne van die huishoudings wat toelaes ontvang en dat die hele huishouding in armoede gedompel word. Gevolglik ontstaan die vraag: Hoe kan die regering die probleem oplos van konsentrering van die armes rondom die toelaes? Hierdie dissertasie sal sistematies wys dat die gebruik van sosiale sekuriteit as „n armoede- verligtingsbeleid is effektiek gegewe die omvangreikheid van armoede in Suid Afrika en die beperkings op bronne. Dit sal ook wys dat die besluitnemingstrukture in huishoudings beinvloed die manier waarop toelaes die bron-allokasie beinvloed om laer vlakke van armoede te bereik. Die vlak waartoe die kontant oordraging na die arm huishoudings via die toelaes die vlak van armoede verlig word in alle waarskynlikheid tot „n groot mate beinvloed deur die besluitnemingstrukture in sodanige huishoudings wat toelaes ontvang. Daar is bewyse dat die toelaes gedeel word in uitgebreide huishoudings, wat daarop aandui dat besluitneming breedweg unitêr geneem word of gesamentlik. Ons kan egter slegs die uitkomste en nie die besluitnemingsproses in die verband bespeur nie en kan daarom slegs tot tentatiewe gevolgtrekkings kom. Alhoewel daar wel rede to kommer is vir die geneigdheid van toelaes om mense se gedrag negatief te beinvloed, is waar wel „n saak om toelaes te behou, hoewel nie as die enigste, maar wel as „n belangrike vorm van armoedeverligting. Dit lê die klem op die nodigheid van deurlopende navorsing op die arbeidsmark en die toelae- oorsaaklikheidsverhouding. Dit wys ook dat navorsing op die vrugbaarheidseffek van die toelaes is nodig, veral as daar spekulatiewe besorgdheid is wat die beleid op die impak van kindertoelaes op fertiliteit mag beinvloed.
Nielsen, Thea [Verfasser], and Manfred [Akademischer Betreuer] Zeller. "Risk preferences and intra-household financial decision-making in rural Vietnam : a comparison of their elicitation methods and determinants / Thea Nielsen. Betreuer: Manfred Zeller." Hohenheim : Kommunikations-, Informations- und Medienzentrum der Universität Hohenheim, 2013. http://d-nb.info/1044349476/34.
Повний текст джерелаSariyev, Orkhan [Verfasser], and Manfred [Akademischer Betreuer] Zeller. "An analysis of gender in intra-household decision-making as an important socio-economic factor in agriculture-nutrition linkages / Orkhan Sariyev ; Betreuer: Manfred Zeller." Hohenheim : Kommunikations-, Informations- und Medienzentrum der Universität Hohenheim, 2021. http://d-nb.info/1236630181/34.
Повний текст джерелаMugisha, Anthony. "Socio-economic and gender aspects of control of vector-borne diseases : a study of intra-household dynamics and decision-making in the pastoralist system of southwestern Uganda." Thesis, University of Reading, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.402599.
Повний текст джерелаLollo, Eleonora. "Social capital in the context of development : which measure and which impact on women empowerment in Indonesia ?" Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013AIXM1095/document.
Повний текст джерелаIn the last decades, the concept of social capital has gained increasing popularity in economics. Yet substantial ambiguity exists about how to assess the "social" aspect of human life and what meaning to attribute to the term "capital". To shed a new light on the concept, I develop a new conceptual framework and I make it operational for analysis and policy in the context of development by investigating issues of gender empowerment. From a theoretical perspective, this conceptual framework defines social capital as the amount of expectations and obligations that individuals accumulate when they interact and identifies its constituting dimensions: homogeneity among individuals, frequency of contacts and hierarchization of relationships. These dimensions are responsible for the function of coordination, attributed to social capital, as well for the wide range of outcomes observed in the literature. This framework is then operationalized through an index of social capital at the individual level in Indonesia. A connection with the capability approach to welfare economics is established to better understand those channels through which social capital affects individual well-being. At the empirical level, an investigation of the determinants of women empowerment in the household is consequently proposed, with social capital as the main explanatory variable. This work shows that the concept of social capital is fundamental to explore individuals' agency and well-being and that it has both positive and negative effects on women empowerment
Carrillo, Paloma. "Essais en économie du développement : prise de décision intra-familiale et gestion publique." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Toulouse 1, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023TOU10011.
Повний текст джерелаOne of the main objectives of development economics is to produce findings that easily translate into policy recommendations. My thesis explores two topics that can influence policies aimed at empowering women and improving the functioning of public institutions in Latin America. In the first two chapters, I investigate the impact of gender norms and exposure to violence on women's decision-making power within households in Mexico. In the third chapter, I examine how reducing information frictions can enhance the use of public administrative data to improve the management and services of courts in Chile.In the first chapter, I investigate why working mothers in Mexico dedicate an average of eighteen hours more to weekly paid and unpaid work than fathers. Particularly, I examine the role gender norms play in determining this work time disparity. To do so, I extend a collective labor supply model with household production to include gender norms and estimate it using Mexican survey data from 2002, 2005, and 2009. The model predictions can replicate the changes in total work time disparity over time. I find that more egalitarian gender norms reduce the total work time disparity between spouses and that their impact is comparable with that of wages. For example, a 16 percentage-point increase in a gender norm index between 2002 and 2005 caused a 2.6-hour decrease in total work time disparity mainly through an increase in women's bargaining power. To achieve the same 2.6-hour reduction, women's wages would need to increase by 11% over 2005 levels.In the second chapter, using longitudinal data on household decision-making in Mexico, I explore the impact of a violence environment, measured by homicides, on spouses' decisions and their bargaining power. I find that an increase in the homicide rate decreases the number of decisions taken by women and men, thus reducing the number of decisions taken jointly. For example, the average increase of 9.3 homicides in the twelve-month homicide rate during the War on Drugs caused couples to decrease the number of joint decisions by 6% from its baseline. The changes in joint decisions represent a reversal into more historical gender spheres of decisions, with men lowering their participation in decisions about children's education and clothing while women reducing their decisions on male private consumption goods and large expenditures. Suggesting that although the reduction in number of decisions was similar for both women and men, community violence might dis-empower women in the household.The last topic I analyse in this thesis relates to public institutions. In Latin America, there is a wealth of administrative data available from public institutions. However, a lack of data management and analytic skills is a significant barrier to utilizing this data for evidence-based decision-making. In the third chapter, co-authored with Daniel Chen, Manuel Ramos-Masqueda, and Bernardo Silveira, we examine the extent to which information frictions in management are a meaningful barrier to court productivity in Chile. First, we randomly promote the use of an online platform featuring court statistics through email campaigns directed towards court managers. Second, within this platform, we simplify the main homepage feedback containing the information on court statistics and randomize managers' access to it. We find that the email promotion and the simplification of the homepage feedback enhance court productivity across multiple indicators. For instance, the new simplified homepage increased case clearance by one standard deviation for those who log into the platform. Additionally, we find that the treatments are more effective for more experienced court managers, who have less accurate baseline beliefs. This suggests that reducing information frictions not only enhances overall court performance but also helps bridge the performance gap between less and more experienced court managers
Apedo-Amah, Dedevi S. Marie Christine. "Modelization and analysis of NGOs impact in developing countries." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017AIXM0234.
Повний текст джерелаThis thesis addresses the question of how to ensure the success of development projects executed by private firms, especially Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs). NGOs are non-profit firms that are similar to governments in their concern about beneficiaries' welfare and to standard private firms in their organizational form. Their involvement in development projects raises the issue of how well they perform in service provision compared to alternative entities. Despite the rapid growth of the non-profit sector, especially international firms based in high-income countries that operate in low-income countries, the existing literature on economic development has hardly investigated the issue of non-profit performance and regulation. The three chapters of this thesis emphasize differences between NGOs and either private for-profit firms or governements, and examine how the very nature of each type of organization affects service provision. The two key questions are why and under which conditions to choose an NGO as goods or services provider in the framework of a development project, and how to ensure beneficiaries' cultural norms do not undermine the success of development projects
PIAO, Xiangdan, and 香丹 朴. "An empirical analysis of intra-household decisions: The role of bargaining and gender identity in Japan." Thesis, 2018. https://doi.org/10.15057/29209.
Повний текст джерелаReckien, Diana [Verfasser]. "Intra-regional migration in formerly industrialised regions : qualitative modelling of household location decisions as an input to policy and plan making in Leipzig, Germany and Wirral, Liverpool, UK / vorgelegt von Diana Reckien." 2007. http://d-nb.info/984094261/34.
Повний текст джерелаArslan, Cansin. "Essays on Agricultural Technology Adoption, Value Chain Development, and Intra-Household Decision-Making." Doctoral thesis, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/21.11130/00-1735-0000-0005-14CB-0.
Повний текст джерелаDatta, Namita. "Property rights, poverty and intra-household decision-making : role of gender in urban informal settlements /." 2005. http://www.gbv.de/dms/zbw/547151578.pdf.
Повний текст джерела