Дисертації з теми "Interpretive approach"
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1
Mankins, Kenneth W. "Interpretive transcultural storytelling method : A contextual narrative approach to interpreting transcultural relationships." Thesis, University of Buckingham, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.515676.
2
Larcher, Anna Manja. "Hope for the fatherless? : a grounded interpretive approach /." Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 2007. http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/ETD/image/etd1718.pdf.
3
Frännhag, Helena. "Interpretive Functions of Adjectives in English : A Cognitive Approach." Doctoral thesis, Centre for Languages and literature, Lund University, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-10194.
Анотація:
This thesis presents a theoretical discussion of meaning creation in general, and interpretive functions of English adjectives in particular. The discussion rests on a dynamic view of meaning and interpretation, according to which there are no fixed linguistics meanings – not even for single lexemes. Instead of symbolising meaning in a more or less static and ‘eternal’ fashion, linguistic items are assumed to effect the creation of meaning and to shape meaning dynamically in the particular communicative event at hand, from some kind of underlying ‘raw material’ (also referred to as purport and schemas). It is suggested that the interpretive functions of linguistic items – that is the effects that such items have in the creation of meaning – may be approached in two main ways, namely from the formal and from the semantic point of view respectively. Effects triggered by the form of a certain item are referred to as formal interpretive functions (FIFs), and effects prompted by the meaning created for the form are referred to as semantic interpretive functions (SIFs). FIFs are claimed to be the same for all items – namely to activate, delimit and shape underlying purport and schemas – whereas SIFs are said to differ between items, and also for one and the same item on different occasions of use. It is furthermore suggested that FIFs affect the creation of meaning for the relevant item itself, whereas SIFs affect the creation of meaning for other items, on any level of conceptual organisation. For instance, a form such as tall typically activates and delimits purport and schemas to do with some kind of extension (notably in space), thereby shaping a basic word meaning tall. The meaning thus created may in turn affect other meaning in the larger context. For instance, tall, as created in default interpretation of a tall man entered the room, affects the meaning of the noun phrase a tall man as a whole, in that it specifies the interpreter’s conception of a certain something that entered a specific room. In this case, the relevant SIF is thus to specify. Other SIFs suggested for adjectives are kind identification, element identification, identity provision and stipulation. The aim of the thesis is two-fold: on the one hand to outline a suggestive theory of meaning creation and interpretive function in general, and, on the other hand, to present a theoretical discussion of adjective functions in particular, with the ultimate goal of providing a general framework from which more specific models for in-depth empirical research can be obtained.
4
Mateus, Miguel Frutuoso Lopo Hipolito Pires. "An interpretive approach to information analysis in constuction contexts." Thesis, University of Salford, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.391315.
5
Braganza, Ashley. "Understanding the achievement of radical process orientation : an interpretive approach." Thesis, Cranfield University, 1999. http://dspace.lib.cranfield.ac.uk/handle/1826/7630.
Анотація:
The achievement of radical process orientation is vital to the strategic
and operational integrity of organisations. However, organisations have a
dismal record of implementing process orientation, especially when it involves
radical organisational change. There is scant research to guide organisations
through the design and implementation of radical process orientation. Hence,
this research develops a model that provides insights into the achievement of
radical process orientation.
The research uses the interpretive mode to examine the achievement of
radical process orientation in two organisations. Therefore, the views of people
directly involved with the changes are important. A transparent trail of evidence
is established between the data and the theory developed from the data. These
cases provide rich data from which to build a model for the achievement of
radical process orientation.
The model suggests the need for radical process orientation be
consciously established and tentative criteria for doing so are provided. The
model focuses attention upon the nature and content of the changes that need to
occur, especially the realignment of organisational elements, such as ...s trategy,
structure and information systems, to a function and process orientation. It
proposes 'buy-in' from people be considered in relation to their acceptance of
the changes that actually need to occur and the changes they are willing to allow
to affect them. The model suggests that radical and evolutionary modes be
utilised to operationalise the issues that bring about the changes, and that people
be willing to implement these issues. It proposes that the roles of people that are
responsible for implementing the changes and people affected by the changes
are reciprocal.
This research challenges conventional thinking about the achievement of
radical process orientation, and provides fresh insights for the achievement of
radical process orientation.
6
Jackson, Terence. "Understanding management performance : an interpretive approach to analysis and measurement." Thesis, Henley Business School, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.358395.
7
Kim, Jee-Hyun. "An introduction to Arthur Bliss's solo vocal works: an interpretive approach." Thesis, Boston University, 2012. https://hdl.handle.net/2144/12446.
Анотація:
Thesis (D.M.A.)--Boston University
PLEASE NOTE: Boston University Libraries did not receive an Authorization To Manage form for this thesis or dissertation. It is therefore not openly accessible, though it may be available by request. If you are the author or principal advisor of this work and would like to request open access for it, please contact us at open-help@bu.edu. Thank you.Even if Arthur Bliss (1891-1975) is well-known for his symphonies and string works, he never stopped composing vocal compositions throughout his career, leaving us with over sixty works. Until recently, however, performers and scholars have rarely felt drawn to Bliss's vocal works as standard contemporary repertoire. Very few recordings of Bliss's solo vocal works and even less discourse regarding his song output have also limited our awareness of his vocal composition. Through an examination of the composer's musical style and compositional process, we intend now to approach his solo vocal works and to reevaluate his proper place in the musical world of his time. Born in London to an American father and an English mother, Arthur Bliss was among the foremost English composers and conductors of the twentieth century. His positions included Master of the Queen's Music, which he inherited from Sir Arnold Bax, and musical director at the BBC. He was a pupil of Charles Stanford and a contemporary of Benjamin Britten, Gustav Holst and Ralph Vaughan Williams. One of the goals of this project is to introduce the solo songs of Arthur Bliss- and to encourage greater interest in them- by elaborating on the context of his vocal style. His biographical and musical background will be highlighted in order to grasp a deeper understanding of his life, music, and his musical influences, and to trace the stylistic evolution of his vocal works. Finally, I will conclude with his last song cycle Angels ofthe mind for soprano and piano, consisting of seven songs, which represent his mature style as a song composer. Brief theoretical analysis is presented along with its comprehensive stylistic analysis in an attempt to interpret various formal and musical perspectives. This work will demonstrate how these aspects are supported through theoretical approaches and interpretation of poetry. It also will provide detailed information, allowing it to serve as representational examples of his numerous compositional techniques. It is hoped that this study of his songs will help performers understand his music and the intentions of the composer, in order to achieve a fully musical interpretation, and that the musical analysis presented here will be of some value to them in their performance of his songs.
8
Galal, Galal Hassan. "An interpretive approach to information systems engineering (using the grounded systems engineering methodology)." Thesis, Brunel University, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.285051.
9
Kirchev, Filip, and Malin Bartoschek. "Labor Productivity Influence in the Construction Industry : An interpretive approach to project success." Thesis, Jönköping University, Internationella Handelshögskolan, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-52715.
Анотація:
The construction sector is one of the most important industries for the economy in Sweden. Between 2010 to November of 2020, there has been an increase in employment in the construction industry by 35.4 percent. In 2019 the Swedish construction sector was valued at EUR 53.3 billion, where the construction sub-sector makes up 47.6 percent (European Construction Sector Observatory - Country profile Sweden, 2020). The construction industry is a fundamental part of society, whereas labor productivity, which represents the quantity of work performed per hour (Park 2006), is a vital element in the process of construction. Gunduz et al. (2020) state that labor consumes a significant amount of cost in construction projects, thus labor productivity is a determinator of cost optimization i.e., the process of making something as good or effective as possible (Cambridge Online Dictionary, n.d.). The benefit of productivity is seen as reduced construction time and cost (Fox, Marsh & Cockerham, 2010). Moreover, a lack of effective management activity towards construction resources can potentially decrease labor productivity. Thus, the familiarity of project managers with labor productivity factors is of major importance (Shehata & El-Gohary, 2011) and contributes to project success (Gunduz & Abu-Hijleh, 2020).
10
Haney, James Ray. "Toward an ethnic theology an interpretive community approach to theological dialogue and decision /." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1993. http://www.tren.com.
11
Miller, Joyce. "An evaluation of the transferability of the interpretive approach to teachers’ continuing professional development." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2009. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/3172/.
Анотація:
This is a practitioner research project set in the humanities faculty of a school in a northern town where riots took place in 2001. The aim was to evaluate the transferability of the interpretive approach to teachers’ continuing professional development and to see how far it increased their understanding of and relationship with their local communities. Qualitative data were gathered using a range of methods including participant observation, semi-structured interviews and questionnaires. The teachers engaged in ethnographic-type activities in their participant observation of groups and interviews with representatives and their students. The principles of the interpretive approach – representation, interpretation and reflexivity – underpinned the design of the programme and the data analysis. The research found that teachers’ understanding of the diversity of communities was increased. There was little evidence of increased understanding of ‘the group’ in relation to individuals and the tradition. There was little formal evidence of a deeper understanding of concepts, of ‘oscillation’ or of personal edification. There were significant professional benefits in increased confidence, dealing with controversial issues and in developing community education. The teachers demonstrated open-mindedness and a positive attitude to pluralism. Further questions about the inter-connectedness of religion and culture and the interpretation of religious texts were raised and there was critical engagement with aspects of community life, including the place of women. The research identifies the need for a more informed critique of and engagement with the presuppositions that underpin discourse on minority communities. The teachers recognised the need for the whole school staff to undergo the same process and understood that this would be a long-term enterprise. The conclusion is drawn that the interpretive approach can be applied to teachers’ CPD and that it increases their understanding of and relationship with their communities, though some anticipated outcomes were not realised.
12
Williams, Sue. "A SHIFT in approach : young women's experiences of self-harm : an interpretive phenomenological analysis." Thesis, City University London, 2007. http://openaccess.city.ac.uk/8739/.
Анотація:
In this research Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (Smith, 1997) was used to explore young women's experiences of self-harm and a from this a new model of self-harm was. constructed. This model is grounded in the participants' experiences, rather than in a particular theoretical paradigm or clinical perspective. The participants' experiences of treatment for self-harm were also investigated and many reported receiving treatment that was inappropriate to their needs. It is hoped that this research offers an alternative because current theory and practice is not based on investigations of individual experience or researched from the 'selfharmer's perspective' and consequently does not accommodate or reflect the range of experiences associated with self-harm. In contrast, the model presented here: SelfHarm - Informed Functional Theory (SHIFT), can accommodate diverse experiences and provides a comprehensive yet cohesive framework for conceptualising self-hann. SHIFT is based on the concept of a broad SHIFT continuum where self-harm can be located at one pole as a dysfunctional behaviour, across to the middle range, where self-harm may be conceived of as a functional response or a coping mechanism. At the other extreme of the continuum, self-harm that is experienced as a positive, exciting or euphoric phenomenon can be located. SHIFT can also guide and inform the therapeutic approach and a range of specific interventions corresponding to the identified functions of self-harm are outlined. Stages in the development of 'F.u nction Informed Techniques' (FIT's) are also described. It is hoped that the SHIFT & FIT model presented in this research provides an alternative to the current 'one-size fits alI' treatment offered to clients and represents a shift forward in the approach to self-harm.
13
Sloan, Brian. "An interpretive phenomenological approach to understanding employee meaning of 'Lean' and 'Respect for People'." Thesis, Edinburgh Napier University, 2018. http://researchrepository.napier.ac.uk/Output/1532542.
Анотація:
Lean is a popular approach for improving operational efficiencies in an organisation through the reduction of wasteful activities. Entities of every size and description today are implementing Lean techniques to maximise customer value, operational effectiveness and organisational profits. Organisations enter into the Lean world with high hopes of reducing costs and product and/or service lead time and increasing on time delivery and quality. Unfortunately, success stories in Lean are infrequent. Taiichi Ohno, an architect of the Toyota Production System, upon which Lean was founded, stressed the importance of Respect for People as a requirement for successfully implementing Lean methodologies. While a great deal of the academic literature has focused on the positive benefits that Lean techniques and methodologies provide for the organisation, little research can be found on the notion of Respect for People. It would appear that many practitioners and researchers do not subscribe to Taiichi Ohno's theory that the operational benefits of Lean cannot be realised without a supporting organisational culture of Respect for People. Instead, there is evidence in the literature that Lean methodologies negatively impact employees tasked with implementing and sustaining Lean, suggesting that, from the employee perspective, Lean can be mean. Employing an interpretive phenomenological approach and using a semi-structured interview method within a single case company, Respect for People was found to be much more than a tautology. It was instead a complex notion implicitly linked in the minds of employees to their understanding of what Lean is. A framework of core concepts and associated dimensions were identified for the phenomena of Lean and Respect for People. From the employee perspective, Lean did not have to be mean. By developing a deeper understanding of the employee experience of both Lean and Respect for People, organisations could better position themselves to enhance Lean implementations with a shared cultural understanding of what Lean and Respect for People means for its employees.
14
McMahon, Peter. "The roots of the arms race: An interpretive-historical approach concentrating on technological aspects." Thesis, McMahon, Peter (1985) The roots of the arms race: An interpretive-historical approach concentrating on technological aspects. Masters by Research thesis, Murdoch University, 1985. https://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/51229/.
Анотація:
This thesis is an effort to identify the roots and dynamic of the contemporary 'arms race using' a syntheses of various perspectives. The basic approach is to trace the development of the technological aspects of military affairs in the modern period. Technology is then used as a reference point to investigate wider social, economic and political issues.
The main themes of the thesis are: 1/ the modern 'arms race’ is increasingly determined by technological features, 2/ it is necessary to recognise the social political and economic forces acting on the historical process of military-related technological development, and 3/ this process occurs in an environment of international relations which is also fundamentally, but not entirely, determined by technological factors.
The thesis attempts an overriding view of 'human society’ as opposed to any specific national perspective, but concentrates on the experiences of Britain and the United States as the nations of central importance in the development of global political-economy. It argues that in general, and especially in Britain and the U.S., military technology has had a major role in the general development of technological capability. This is especially true in that the major generative force in the development of the modern world has been and remains technologically-based industrial capitalism. The thesis argues that the radical increase in capability of military technology is part of the greater process of increasing state management of industrial societies, and especially technical innovation. The thesis concludes with the exposition of an interpretive framework to relate the identified processes of technological advancement and national military and political matters.
15
Chiang, Shu-Lin. "An interpretive approach to digital divide policy-making : a comparative study of China and Taiwan." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/29062.
Анотація:
This thesis investigates how problems for policy become defined as well as how policy responses are subsequently designed to address these problems, The way in which digital divide policy is made in developing countries has received relatively little attention. In light of this gap in the literature, empirical research was carried out on the development of Digital Divide Policy-Making in two developing countries - China and Taiwan. Theoretically, this research adopts an interdisciplinary rationale, combining an interpretative approach from the field of policy research and key concepts from Science and Technology Studies. It elucidates how understandings of the digital divide are articulated - initially in discussions in the USA and European Union - and become promulgated through international organizations - and ultimately are ‘domesticated’ and become embedded within particular national contexts. This research combines discourse analysis of policy documents with interviewing policy-makers. Finally there is an analysis of policy outcomes. This research also contributes to opening the black box of policy-making, particularly in China, a context which presents particular challenges for the researcher. Firstly it is demonstrated that international and national contexts matter in digital divide policy-making. Policy similarities can be explained by both the international context and local context. International policy discourses provide commonly available intellectual resources, whereas similarities in local contexts, for example a shared technocratic tradition in China and Taiwan, explain the technical focus in the digital divide policy of both countries. Additionally, local contextual factors are key in explaining diversity. These international and national contexts impact on the participants who are involved in digital divide policy-making: for example the technocratic tradition of China and Taiwan are factors underpinning the choice of policy participants with science and technology backgrounds. Secondly, the study found that the relationship between discourse and policy-making is by no means as straightforward and linear as some interpretations imply. Discourses may have influences on policy development; however some inclusion strategies arose within domestic departments in advance of alignment with international digital divide discourses, as a result of pre-existing concerns within the national policy settings. A third and related finding is that there is a gap between policy formation and policy implementation.
16
Hannon, James G. "Place Needs and Client Outcomes of Wilderness Experience Programs in Maine: A Descriptive-Interpretive Approach." Fogler Library, University of Maine, 2004. http://www.library.umaine.edu/theses/pdf/HannonJG2004.pdf.
17
Cho, Sunyoung. "A Contextualist Approach to Telehealth Innovations." Digital Archive @ GSU, 2007. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/cis_diss/13.
Анотація:
A Contextualist Approach to Telehealth Innovations By Sunyoung Cho Abstract Healthcare is considered one of the most important social issues in the U.S. as well as in other societies with ever-increasing costs of medical service provision. The information-intensive nature of the healthcare industry and the perception of information technology (IT) as a way to ease up healthcare costs and improve quality have lead to increased use of and experiments with IT-based innovations. These activities present interesting research opportunities for IS researchers and they have led to an increasing body of knowledge on healthcare information systems. This research aims at contributing to this line of research by adopting a contextualist approach to examine the adoption, use, and further diffusion of telehealth innovations. A contextualist approach provides a particularly interesting and relevant perspective to study adoption and diffusion processes of healthcare innovations. The adopted contextualist approach is process-oriented, it applies multiple levels of analysis, and it accommodates different theoretical lenses to make sense of the two telehealth innovations under investigation. A key assumption is that innovations should be understood as ongoing processes of change, not just technologies, or isolated change events with clear boundaries. Healthcare innovations have in this view much broader connotations, including development of IT-based applications, their adoption and diffusion over time, and the interactions between many stakeholders and organizations that shape the innovation in a specific context. The contextualist approach suggested by Pettigrew is adopted as an overarching framework for multiple studies based on empirical investigation of two telehealth innovations; the main focus is on a telestroke innovation in the U.S. while a radiology innovation in Sweden serves as a complementary case. Each study is documented as an independent research publication with its own theoretical perspective and contributions. The overall contextualist approach and the related findings are then summarized across the individual studies. Telehealth innovations are particularly interesting examples of healthcare information systems. They leverage contemporary network infrastructures and interaction devices to allow provision of healthcare services, clinical information, and education over distance, thereby reducing the costs and improving the availability of medical services. The two telehealth innovations are investigated through in-depth case studies. This theses summary presents the theoretical background for the studies; it motivates and details how the qualitative case studies based on critical realist assumptions were designed and conducted; it outlines the resulting research publications; and it discusses the contributions of investigating telehealth innovations from a contextualist approach.
18
Alkhalifa, Eshaa Mohamed. "Using novel semantic and informational manipulations of rules to extend an interpretive approach to conditional reasoning." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/807.
Анотація:
This thesis extends a view of human reasoning which emphasises a theory of interpretation in conditional reasoning. It extends work on Wason’s (1968) ‘selection task’, using novel rules and contexts to explore the factors that control subject interpretations, which in turn is reflected in their performance. After reviewing the work on conditional reasoning and particularly the interpretative framework of Stenning & van Lambalgen (2004), the thesis explores subjects’ reasoning with rules that describe processes extended in time in two experiments. The most striking finding is that many subjects exhibit an unusual constant anaphor reading, even though the anaphors involved are tenses rather than pronouns. Results are explained in terms of the temporal constraints involved in the situation described. The thesis then uses novel ‘information packaging’ manipulations which use colour to emphasise different distinctions in Wason’s original task. This manipulation provides evidence of where subjects’ attention already rests. This is combined with a task that gathers data of subjects’ interpretation of negation. Results are consistent with the idea that although subjects in the standard task are focussed on the distinction between cases that fit the rule and ones that do not, there is evidence that emphasising the mapping of the antecedent/consequent onto back/front of the cards is sensitive to these manipulations. The negation interpretation task reveals striking divergences between subjects’ interpretations and the classical model assumed in the literature, and these differences are interpretable in terms of default logic. A few conditions were originally designed as controls only to end up generating striking results of their own. Colour is used in the truth conditional semantics of the rules (black/white replaces number/letter or vowel/consonant) instead of being used as mere information packaging. Sizable increases in ‘classical competence’ responses are observed and this is interpreted in terms of the non-hierarchical structure of the properties used. Studies using LSA and a novel tensor network operating on a database of rules gathered from selection task literature show conclusively that higher frequencies of function words appear in descriptive rules than they do in deontic rules. This thesis concludes that it is possible to direct subjects towards various interpretations on the task through the use of semantic manipulations that include but are not restricted to the ones observed in this work. Issues that include resolving the anaphora in the problem, the hierarchy of the structure of properties and the negation of clauses clearly influence the interpretation subjects arrive at which in turn affects their reasoning and responses. Results indicate that subject assumptions concerning negatives are different from those made by experimenters which inform all major theories including Mental Models, Information Gain and those based on mental logic. In particular, subjects’ most frequent selections indicate that they are selecting an implicit negative which is the opposite of what is expected by the principle of truth of Mental Models.
19
Logie-MacIver, Elizabeth Mary. "Marketing in a social context : an interpretive approach to behaviour change after a stimulus of illness." Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 2005. http://oleg.lib.strath.ac.uk:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=21590.
Анотація:
Many social marketing studies concern the uptake of 'healthful' behaviour changes (Andreasen, 2002). The issue contained in this thesis is why some people make and maintain dietary behavioural change and others do not. The participants in the study had taken a diagnostic test for cancer and received a result demonstrating that they were suffering from a minor bowel disease. Behaviour change literature was developed beyond the implementation of behaviour change (Bagozzi & Warshaw, 1990) and the thesis explored the factors involved in maintaining change (Lazarus, 1991; Rothman, 2000). An interpretivist approach was chosen so that the social context of the diagnostic test (source of stress) and the behaviour changes were explored (Hudson & Ozanne, 2001). A phenomenological methodology (Moustakas, 1994) utilised in depth semi-structured interviews to provide richer accounts of the participants' experiences (Sanders, 1982). A conceptual framework of literature was built (Miles & Huberman, 1994) consisting of key theoretical processes such as stimulus of change, appraisals and coping strategies (Becker, 1974; Bagozzi, 1992; Park & Folkman, 1997). Both content and interpretive analysis techniques were adopted when analysing interview data. The interpretive analysis provided a clearer picture of actual behaviour change and was focused on three groups of participants who had different patterns of behaviour; maintainers of behaviour change; relapsers from change and those who did not make behaviour changes. The study makes a contribution to behaviour change literature (Prochaska & Di Clemente, 1992; Bagozzi, 1992; Huffman et al, 2000; Folkman et al, 1986). The thesis also made a contribution to social marketing and social policy such as knowledge of diet from childhood, social support and the management of health at work. The interpretive methodological approach explored the patterns of change in the context of these participants' lives and this developed more understanding of qualitative methodologies within social marketing.
20
Bobinski, Clifton T. "The effectiveness of training river guides as an alternative interpretive approach in the New River Gorge." Thesis, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/90916.
Анотація:
The effectiveness of a guide training program was evaluated as a means of providing interpretive services to commercial boaters at the New River Gorge National River. Commercial river guides attended a National Park Service sponsored training program which provided accurate information and education concerning natural and cultural history of the New River, the national significance of the New River Gorge National River, the history and purpose of the National Park Service, and information and services available at the visitor centers. The emphasis of the training session was to increase the river guides’ knowledge base and to encourage their interpretive presentation of this information to their customers.
Customers of a commercial outfitter were administered a questionnaire before and after the guide training program. Significant differences in the amount of interpretation guides presented on the river, the amount of knowledge customers acquired during the trip, and the customers' overall trip rating were noted by empirical testing. Increases in the means of all three outcome variables occurred following guide training. Customers’ intentions to visit a New River Gorge Visitor Center did not significantly change following guide training. The validity and reliability of the instrument is discussed as well as potential biases and constraints of the study. Implications for management and further research are also discussed.M.S.
21
Shannak, Rifat O. "An interpretive approach to analysing the role and value of information systems in Jordanian financial organisations." Thesis, Aston University, 1999. http://publications.aston.ac.uk/10722/.
Анотація:
This thesis is based upon empirical work which involved sketching organisational ethnographies (four organographies and a sectography) into the role and value of information systems in Jordanian financial organisations. Besides deciphering the map of impacts, it explains the attributions of the variations in the impacts of ISs which were found to be related to the internal organisational processes: culturally and politically specific considerations, economically or technically rooted factors and environmental factors. The research serves as an empirical attempt to test out the applicability of adopting the interpretive paradigm to researching organisations in a developing country. The fieldwork comprised an exploratory stage, a detailed investigation of four case studies and a survey stage encompassing 16 organisations. Primary and secondary data were collected from multiple sources using a range of instruments. The evidence highlights the fact that little long term strategic planning was pursued; the emphasis was more focused on short term planning. There was no noticeable adoption of any strategic fit principle linking IS strategy to the corporate strategy. In addition, the benefits obtained were mostly intangible. Although ISs were central to the work of the organisations surveyed as the core technology, they were considered as tools or work enablers rather than weapons for competitive rivalry. The cultural specificity of IS impacts was evident and the cultural and political considerations were key factors in explaining the attributions of the variations in the impacts of ISs in JFOs. The thesis confirms that measuring the benefits of ISs is the problematic. However, in order to gain more insight, the phenomenon of "the use of ISs" has to be studied within its context.
22
Stockdale, Rosemary. "Identification and realisation of the benefits of participating in an electronic marketplace : An interpretive evaluation approach." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2003. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/1333.
Анотація:
Electronic marketplaces have proliferated as use of the Internet has become widespread in business. A rapid growth in the number of marketplaces, followed by a period of stringent consolidation, as market makers develop a greater understanding of effective business models, has resulted in a climate of uncertainty and confusion. As with many aspects of e-commerce the drive towards participation is fuelled less by strategy planning than by a fear of lagging behind competitors or losing first mover advantage. In this climate of uncertainty organisations often bypass effective evaluation of the benefits that can be realised from participation in e-marketplaces, thereby exacerbating the process facing them and hampering effective decision-making. Evaluation is perceived as a fraught subject within the Information System field, and particularly within the business community which adheres to tried and trusted, albeit often inappropriate, methods such as financial or technical evaluation. The difficulties involved in effective evaluation of systems are well documented; these will increase as systems become more pervasive throughout organisations and those of their trading partners. Calls for a more holistic approach to evaluation are increasing, based on a developing appreciation of interpretive methods of research within the Information Systems discipline. However, the understanding that the social, political and cultural factors affecting and organisation have an impact on the uses and advantages of systems is by no means universal, and empirical evidence of this view is only slowly emerging. This research examines the benefits that can be realised from participation in an electronic marketplace by taking an interpretive approach to the evaluation. It examines the nature of electronic marketplaces to provide clarity to a confused and dynamic environment. The study then focuses on the development of evaluation studies within the IS discipline to identify how an effective evaluation method for assessing the benefits of e-marketplace participation can be achieved. An empirical examination of an organisation’s participation in an electronic marketplace is used to identify the benefits that are realisable and the issues that impact on them. The case study is conducted through an interpretive lens, using a content, context, process (CCP) approach based on existing IS literature. This enables a crucial understanding of the internal and external environments influencing the organisation and its realisation of potential benefits. To allow for the range of interpretations and reflections required to fully address the complexity of the issues involved in such a case study, a variety of research influences such as dialect hermeneutics, critical realism and case study theory are drawn into the research model. The case study organisation’s motivation for participating in an e-marketplace was primarily cost savings. Over the two years of the study, several more potential benefits were identified, such as supply chain efficiencies, greater market awareness and a widening of the supplier base. However, the organisation’s commitments to its local and regional communities, its need to retain status and some consideration of existing relationships needed to be balanced against the gains that might be realised. In some cases the organisation chose to forgo a potential benefit in favour of socially or politically motivated actions. Cultural factors also influenced their actions, particularly as they moved towards extending participation in the marketplace to gain from a global sourcing strategy. The contribution of this research lies in two areas. Firstly, it was existing evaluation literature to development a framework for the evaluation of benefits in the complex area of electronic marketplaces, thereby extending and informing the call for more inclusive and interpretive evaluation studies. Secondly, the research contributes empirical evidence to support the recognition of benefits to be gained from electronic marketplaces and shows how the realisation of the economic benefits is impacted by the social, political and cultural factors that influence an organisation.
23
Hussain, Zahid I. "An investigation into information systems development at three National Health Service organisations : an interpretive case study approach." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.488091.
24
Chapman, Kelly J. "Outcomes of a participatory approach to interpretive planning in the Shark Bay World Heritage area, Western Australia." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2004. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/813.
Анотація:
This thesis examines a participatory approach to interpretive planning, employed in the Shark Bay World Heritage Area, Western Australia. At the project outset relations between the conservation agency responsible for administering World Heritage and the local community were strained, and complicated by a history of conflict over the World Heritage listing and subsequent management of the area. A participatory approach to interpretive planning was adopted in the hope that doing so would achieve the following: improved relations between polarised stakeholder groups, increased community support for the plan and its implementation, and improved access to the variety of knowledge pools within the Shark Bay community. Effectively ongoing and integrating the interests of the area's polarised stakeholders meant that their social, political, organisational and disciplinary divisions had to be overcome. To do this, a novel participatory interpretive planning method was developed using action research. This method employed a combination of techniques, including a modified Delphi Technique based on indepth interviews, key informants, and direct prolonged emersion of the researcher in the community. The practical results of the project were the production of a stakeholder-derived communications strategy and interpretive plan for the World Heritage Area. These products embodied the collective social, cultural, economic and environmental interests of Shark Bay stakeholders, and included agreed-upon objectives, messages, stories for representing Shark Bar to the outside world. The participatory planning process also resulted in a number of instrumental and transformative outcomes including: surfacing of latent community issues, quieting of dominant rhetoric, identification of common values among stakeholders, collection of knowledge from multiple sources and contexts, equalisation of power between community segments, empowerment of marginalised community members, creation of social capital, and generation of support and commitment to plan implementation. In addition, the study demonstrated that participatory processes are vulnerable to cooption and manipulation by powerful stakeholders, and that the success of such processes relies more on the creation of trusting relationships (i.e. social capital) between stakeholders and facilitators than on the application of formulaic group techniques used to garner public input. With respect to interpretive planning, this project showed how a participatory approach to interpretive planning can be used as an ethical means to develop multiple narratives for interpretation that are just and legitimate representations of the community’s interests and stories. Other implications of this project, particularly in relation to the creation of social capital and horizontal and vertical relationships between community and agency groups, indicate that participatory interpretive planning can be used as an intervention in situations where conservation initiatives have resulted in conflict with local communities. Positive change is achieved through the creation of a common platform of values, mutual understanding and knowledge, from which further dialogue and reciprocal cooperation can take place. The evidence presented suggest that the stakeholder-centred approach to interpretive planning used in Shark Bay may form a useful basis for collaborative environmental management in a range of contexts and landscapes where new conservation initiatives are being contemplated. Lessons learned through application of this novel approach to interpretive planning may prove useful to interpretive professionals, environmental managers, governments and businesses attempting cross-disciplinary integration of multiple stakeholder interests.
25
Samanta, Aritree. ""Policy is What We Make of It": An Interpretive Study of Governance in an Urban Watershed." Cleveland State University / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=csu1495195765314439.
26
Tan, Grace T. H. U. "An interpretive approach to power, professionalism and control : with special reference to the functions of hospital pharmacy departments." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.334805.
27
Lindskog, Magnus. "On systems thinking in logistics management - A critical perspective." Doctoral thesis, Linköpings universitet, Kommunikations- och transportsystem, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-77119.
Анотація:
Systems thinking. Systems theory. The systems approach. All these concepts have in various guises been claimed as central to logistics management, since its dawning in the mid twentieth century. Such claims are the starting point of this dissertation, the purpose of which is to contribute to an increased understanding of systems thinking in logistics management research, both present and for future advances. The primary unit of analysis in this dissertation is thus logistics management research. The purpose is pursued through a strategy of triangulation of research approaches, via two research objectives: To describe the nature of systems thinking in logistics management research. To explore the merits for logistics management research of an interpretive approach to actors’ systems thinking. The term systems thinking in this dissertation denotes any somewhat ‘organised’ bodies of thought with aspirations to be ‘holistic’ in the sense of aiming for comprehensiveness. This part relates mostly to the systems part of the term. With regard to the other part, systems thinking is also regarded as a term that encompasses thinking about, and in terms of, systems; either that of researchers or that of actors in logistics practices. Systems thinking can sometimes be theorised on in such a way that it seems fair to label it as systems theory. Another term that is also frequently employed is systems approach. This denotes any approach to intervene in and/or conduct research on enterprises, with a holistic ambition. Such approaches can or cannot be informed by systems theory. By approach is meant the fundamental assumptions of the effort, such as ontological and epistemological positions, views on human nature, and methodologies. This dissertation employs an approach informed by a strand of systems theory labelled Critical Systems Thinking (CST). This builds on a pluralist strategy, which entails an awareness of the strengths and weaknesses of all types of systems approaches, and thus strives towards putting them to work under such circumstances in which they are best suited. The first objective is pursued by means of a combined inductive-deductive approach presented mainly through two peer-reviewed, published journal articles. The first is an extensive literature review of academic publications in logistics management; the second is a survey of logistics management academics. Results show that the systems thinking within the discipline most often is not informed by systems theory, and is oriented towards a narrow section of the available systems approaches. This is an approach that builds on an objective world-view (realist ontology), and which seeks knowledge in terms of different kinds of law-like regularities. There are variations to the kinds of knowledge that are sought, in the sense that some search for deeper, underlying generative mechanisms (structuralist epistemology), some seek causal relationships among observable phenomena (positivist epistemology). The common view on human nature is determinist, and methodologies are often quantitative. It is concluded that logistics management employs a functionalist systems approach, which implicitly assumes homogeneity in actors’ systems thinking in mutual contexts (i.e. shared logistics practices). The second objective is pursued by adopting an interpretive systems approach, thus embracing a nominalist ontology and interpretivist epistemology, in order to explore what benefits such a perspective can lend to logistics management. Informed by the pluralist commitment of CST, theoretical constructs and methods grounded in cognitive psychology are employed to study logistics management practitioners’ systems thinking through cognitive mapping. If this reveals heterogeneities in systems thinking among actors of a mutual context, in which a high degree of homogeneity can be expected, the rationale is that the dominant homogeneity assumption is insufficient. The study, presented through an unpublished working paper, concludes that actors’ systems thinking can differ in ways that render the assumptions of the functionalist systems approach inadequate. More thought, debate, and research on an interpretive systems approach within logistics management is called for. With constant expansions in the scope of ambition for logistics management in mind – towards larger enterprise systems in the spirit of supply chain management, towards more goals for enterprises than the traditional financial ones, and towards new application areas (e.g. healthcare) – it is recognised that more and more actors become stakeholders in the practices that logistics management research seeks to incorporate within its domain of normative ambitions. This leads to an expanding scope of voices that ought to be heard in order to legitimise efforts to improve logistics management practices. This in turn motivates that we should seek to accommodate not only interpretive systems approaches, but also emancipatory, in order to ensure normative prescriptions that are legitimate from the perspectives of as many stakeholders as possible, not only from the common a priori efficiency perspectives of functionalist logistics management research.
28
Leon, Lauren Margaret. "Performance development of adolescent swimmers : a Mindfulness - Acceptance - Commitment (MAC) approach." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/43144.
Анотація:
For the past three decades performance development in sport has been steered by
traditional Psychological Skills Training (PST) programmes. However, in the last
decade, the Mindfulness-Acceptance-Commitment (MAC) approach to
performance development in sport has been introduced. To date, there is limited
research on the MAC approach and there are currently no published studies in
South Africa. The goal of this study was to explore the participant’s experiences of
the MAC programme with reference to what they learnt through the programme,
how they applied their learning to their swimming and how they transferred their
learning to their lives. This study is an Interpretive Phenomenological view of five
adolescent swimmers (two female and three male) at the High Performance Centre
(hpc), in South Africa (SA). The participants partook in a one-day swimmingspecific
MAC programme and thereafter, semi-structured interviews were
conducted with the participants. An interpretive Phenomenological Analysis (IPA)
was used for analysing the data gained from the interviews. The findings indicate
that the participants had experiences which were consistent, inconsistent or unique
in relation to the literature review.Dissertation (MA)--University of Pretoria, 2013.
lk2014
Psychology
MA
Unrestricted
29
Thompson, Mark D. "A sure ground on which to stand : the relation of authority and interpretive method in Luther's approach to scripture." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.360028.
30
Sukhina, Nataliya. "Alexander Scriabin (1871-1915) piano miniature as chronicle of his creative evolution, complexity of interpretive approach and its implications /." Thesis, Recital, recorded Feb. 27, 2006, in digital collections. Access restricted to the University of North Texas campus. connect to online resource, 2008. http://digital.library.unt.edu/permalink/meta-dc-6048.
Анотація:
Thesis (D.M.A.)--University of North Texas, 2008.System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Accompanied by 4 recitals, recorded Mar. 22, 2004, Mar. 28, 2005, Feb. 27, 2006, and Nov. 26, 2007. Includes bibliographical references (p. 82-86).
31
Ewens, Beverley Anne. "Living after confronting death; story telling during the recovery trajectory of intensive care unit survivors: An interpretive biographical approach." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2015. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/1734.
Анотація:
Aim: To create new meaning of the experiences of intensive care survivors during early recovery and the meaning of “self” during this time. To add to the understanding of how support should be focussed for survivors during recovery.
Background: Survival from a critical event/illness and intensive care unit experience is increasing, as is associated physical and psychological complications. Complications are due to the severity of illness, the intensive care experience itself and the nature of the treatments which promote survival. If complications remain untreated increased health care service uptake and reduced quality of life can ensue. Despite the potential impact upon individuals and beleaguered health care systems, inadequate support service provision in Australia and across the world persists.
Design and participants: An interpretive biographical exploration of intensive care survivors experiences of recovery following hospital discharge. Nine participants were recruited from a single centre in metropolitan Perth, Western Australia. All participants had been ventilated for a minimum period of twenty four hours following a critical event/illness.
Methods: Data were collected from diaries, face to face interviews, memos and field notes. Participants diarised for three months commencing two months after hospital discharge. At five months following discharge participants were interviewed about the content of their diaries and the symbols and signifiers within them to create a shared meaning of their experiences. Analysis of diaries and interviews were undertaken using two frameworks. This process enabled the identification of themes throughout participants’ stories and offers a unique portrait of recovery through their individual lens.
Findings: All of the participants considered their lives had irreparably changed as a result of their experience. The biographical methods provided a safe and creative way to reveal inner thoughts and feelings which may not have been revealed using other methods. This unique view through the lens of the survivor identified how unsupported by health care professionals they felt following discharge. Turmoil existed between survivors’ surface and inner worlds as they struggled to conform to the constraints of what recovery should be; imposed by the biomedical model. The process of constructing their stories enabled participants to reflect upon their experiences of recovery and bring a sense of coherence to their experiences.
Conclusion: The use of the biographical method gave the participants a voice through which they could be heard and a way to bring clarity to their experiences. The process of constructing their stories was considered important to their recovery process, and in particular in enabling reflection on how far they had traversed. Often survivors are unable to articulate their inner most thoughts and experiences for fear of being misinterpreted. The methods reported here gave them an opportunity to do so through non-verbal techniques. Analysis of diary entries may also identify maladaptation in survivors and enable interventions to be individually targeted before chronicity is established. The findings from this study may lead to a greater awareness among health care providers of the problems survivors face, and improved support services more broadly, based on frameworks more appropriate for this population.
32
Dykema, Ellie. "Performance development of adolescent athletes : a Mindfulness - Acceptance - Commitment (MAC) approach." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/43328.
Анотація:
This study explored the subjective interpretations of five adolescent athletes who
experienced a sport-specific version of the Mindfulness-Acceptance-Commitment
(MAC) approach. The MAC approach is an alternative sport psychology intervention
to more traditional control-driven approaches, such as Psychological Skills Training
(PST). An in-depth qualitative study was conducted at the High Performance Centre
(hpc) of the University of Pretoria (UP). The sport-specific MAC programme was
developed for the sport of athletics. The programme was facilitated to five
adolescent athletes who participate in the sport of athletics. Semi-structured
interviews were conducted after the participants experienced the programme. The
interviews were based on written reflections provided by participants during the
programme. The research position for this study was phenomenology, and
specifically Interpretive Phenomenology (IP). Interpretive Phenomenological
Analysis (IPA) was used to analyse the material. The results revealed that there was
only one theme that was common to all five participants. Furthermore, the results
portrayed diversity amongst the participant experiences and subjectivity in their
interpretations of the MAC approach. The results displayed how some themes are
consistent with MAC-related literature, and how other themes contradict the
literature. Additionally, some themes have not been reported in MAC literature
before. Thus, the study contributed to the expansion of literature on the MAC
approach.Dissertation (MA)--University of Pretoria, 2013.
lk2014
Psychology
MA
Unrestricted
33
Klenk, Nicole. "The ethics and values underlying the "emulation of natural disturbance" forest management approach in Canada : an interdisciplinary and interpretive study." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/1591.
Анотація:
This thesis aims at bringing about a greater awareness of the interpretive nature of forestry sciences by examining the ethics and values underlying the “Emulation of Natural Disturbance” (END) forest management approach in Canada. The thesis contains four main manuscripts. The first manuscript reports on a mental models analysis of the meaning of the END for academic forestry scientists across Canada. The results of this study indicate inconsistencies and contradictions between scientists’ mental model of the END, which puts into question the utility and appropriateness of the END for forestry policy. The second manuscript discusses the ethics underlying the END and critiques its policy implications from a pragmatic perspective. In the third manuscript the ethics and values underlying the END are put in relation with Holmes Rolston III’s ethics of “Following Nature”. The last manuscript reports on a survey of forestry curricula across North America conducted to ascertain the level of formal training in ethics afforded to professional foresters and natural resource managers. This manuscript contains a proposed course syllabus in forestry ethics. The curricula study complements the other manuscripts in that it is meant as another means by which to promote interdisciplinary dialogue among forestry scientists, environmental ethicists, and social scientists. In this thesis, in addition to trying to illustrate how ethics shape our interpretations of forests, a pragmatic approach is used to dissolve the fact/values and Nature/Culture dichotomies in forestry sciences and to argue for a more democratic approach to forestry policy.
34
Maré, Rozanne. "Performance development of sport scientists : a Mindfulness-Acceptance-Commitment (MAC) approach." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/58988.
Анотація:
This research study took place at the High Performance Centre (hpc) at the University of Pretoria (UP) in South Africa (SA). The sport psychologists/sports counselors at the hpc mainly deliver performance development services to the athletes. The sport psychology services at the hpc are conducted to the athletes via the Psychological Skills Training (PST) approach and Mindfulness-Acceptance-Commitment (MAC) approach. These two approaches are individualistic in nature and the aim of my study was to move away from a more traditional individualistic perspective to an ecological perspective that takes into consideration other role players such as sport scientists. This was achieved by developing a sport science specific MAC programme for the sport scientists, which was facilitated through experiential learning. The goal of the MAC programme was to explore the sport scientists’ experiences with reference to what they discovered and how they applied their learning. Eight in depth, semi-structured interviews were conducted with four sport scientists at the hpc after their participation in the programme. Interpretive Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) was used to analyse the semi-structured interviews. The findings were mainly related to difficulties and advantages that the sport scientists experienced when they applied the MAC principles.Dissertation (MA)--University of Pretoria, 2016.
Psychology
MA
Unrestricted
35
Yun, Hee Sun. "An Orchestral Approach to Johannes Brahms' "Variationen und Fuge über ein Thema von Händel," Op. 24: Orchestral Transcription as an Interpretive Tool." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2020. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc1752377/.
Анотація:
This dissertation provides an interpretive guide to Variationen und Fuge über ein Thema von Händel, Op. 24, written in 1861 by Johannes Brahms (1833–1897), in orchestral terms, using as basis the orchestral transcription by Edmund Rubbra (1901–1986), published as his Op. 47 in 1938. Not only does Brahms' Variationen present players with considerable pianistic difficulties, its intense harmonic and polyphonic structures make the music sound symphonic. The English composer Edmund Rubbra, a great Brahms enthusiast, transcribed the work for orchestra. The transcription in effect represents Rubbra's interpretation of the piano work as well as his respect for it. When both orchestra and piano versions of a composition exist, pianists may obtain essential musical ideas from studying the orchestral version, just as it is advisable for conductors to study the piano versions of symphonic works, not only those arranged by the composer. Brahms himself was not only a composer but also a pianist and conductor. It is possible that he imagined orchestral sound when composing large-scale piano works such as his Variationen. New experiments in interpretation can offer a refreshing perspective. This study focuses on elements from Rubbra's orchestral version of Variationen that can inform pianists' interpretation.
36
Oliver, Mary Swarna Philomena. "An ethnogaphic [sic] interpretive approach to describing the clinical practice of registered nurses in the field of medical and surgical nursing practice /." St. Lucia, Qld, 2001. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe16446.pdf.
37
Allcock, Martin A. "A principled and pragmatic approach to cases of negligently inflicted psychiatric injury based on corrective justice and Kantian right." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2018. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/118147/1/Martin_Allcock_Thesis.pdf.
Анотація:
The history of legal liability for psychiatric injury caused by negligence has been marked by judges taking different approaches, some applying general principles while others have taken a more pragmatic and arbitrary approach due to concerns including the risk of unlimited liability. This thesis applies Ernest Weinrib's and Allan Beever's corrective justice theories of negligence to such claims and suggests an approach to the duty of care which demonstrates that a choice does not need to be made between a principled but unlimited and unworkable approach on the one hand, and a clear and predictable but arbitrary and unprincipled approach, on the other. Rather, it is argued in this thesis that the approach suggested by applying Weinrib's and Beever's theories to this area of law is both principled and workable.
38
Tshinu, Mukenge Simon. "A functional-interpretive approach to information systems security e competencies development in the higher education institution: a comparativ e case of four South African higher education institutions." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/4920.
Анотація:
Philosophiae Doctor - PhDThe research reported in this thesis examines the approaches of four (4) HEIs in the Western Cape Province in South Africa to institutional development of IS security ecompetencies across their full staff compliments. It used a mixed research methodology and multiple case study research design in which four Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) participated. A total of 26 in-depth interviews were conducted and 385 questionnaires were completed. The research found that these HEIs do not formally develop the IS security e-competencies of their IS resources end users. Because end users handle critical information and research projects of importance not only to the HEIs, but also to the country, this situation creates a potential risk to their IS resources. In other words, the HEIs that participated in this research rely more on the ICT security technology itself to protect their IS resources than on the human side of ICT security. This is in direct contrast to the established literature which clearly points out that it is the internal end users that pose the most threats to IS security resources and these threats are more dangerous than the external threats.
39
Bahrami, Masoud, and masoud bahrami@flinders edu au. "A Comparison of Patients and Nurses Perceptions of Cancer Patients Quality of Life: A Mixed Research Approach." Flinders University. Nursing and Midwifery, 2008. http://catalogue.flinders.edu.au./local/adt/public/adt-SFU20080715.125510.
Анотація:
In attempting to give more years of life to cancer patients, their Quality of Life (QoL) during this time has frequently been compromised. Assessment of patients QoL provide nurses with an opportunity to know about the whole range of patients needs and desires. These information would be potentially very useful for health care professionals particularly nurses for planning, conducting and evaluating the nursing care of cancer patients.
Questionnaire survey research carried out in countries other than Australia identified a varied amount of agreement between cancer patients and nurses about cancer patients QoL. However, based on the literature review, no research study has been found in Australia that provides a detailed understanding of how nurses and cancer patients are similar or different in their perceptions of cancer patients QoL. A research study, therefore, was conducted to answer the following key questions: (a) what differences and/or similarities are there between patients and nurses perceptions of cancer patients QoL; (b) why do these differences and/or similarities exist?
A research study with a mixed approach was undertaken to answer the research questions. In the first phase, a survey by questionnaire was conducted. The main aims were to identify: (a) the level of agreement between cancer patients and nurses scores on the World Health Organisations Quality of Life Brief questionnaire (WHOQoL-BREF); and (b) variables that may influence the level of agreement between them. Each patient and nurse was invited to complete the WHOQoL-BREF questionnaire, which was considered as an appropriate tool for evaluating cancer patients QoL. This questionnaire considers QoL across four domains or dimensions: physical, psychological, social relationship and environmental.
In the first phase of the study, 166 cancer patients and 95 nurses were recruited from three major hospitals in Adelaide, South Australia. The patients had a range of cancer diagnoses with breast cancer being the most prevalent. Most patients were being treated as inpatients with chemotherapy being their primary treatment. The mean age of nurses was approximately 37 years and their clinical experience with cancer patients averaged approximately eight years. Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC) between patients and nurses scores ranged from poor in the social relationship and psychological domains up to moderate in the physical domain indicating that generally nurses were different in their perceptions from those of cancer patients. Another major finding of this phase was that nurses underestimated cancer patients QoL in the social relationship and environmental aspects, which consisted of more personal and private issues.
Having finished the first phase, the second phase was conducted based on the principles of a classical version or mode of grounded theory. The aim here was to include an interpretive perspective and explore the reasons why nurses may differ in their perceptions about cancer patients QoL in comparison to cancer patients. In this phase, three cancer patients and 10 nurses took part in semi-structured interviews. Participants were selected from different inpatient and outpatient oncology services and a palliative setting.
Differences in patients and nurses perceptions about cancer patients QoL and their implications for nursing clinical practice were discussed further in the light of six important categories found in the second phase including: QoL meanings, QoL aspects, Cues-based QoL assessment; Purpose-based QoL assessment; Facilitators of QoL assessment; and Barriers to QoL assessment. It emerged that QoL has individualised meanings and nurses generally have difficulties understanding their patients personal perspective or definition of QoL. Another interpretive outcome that may explain why nurses differed in their perceptions when compared with cancer patients is that nurses assessment of cancer patients QoL in oncology wards is mainly made during their interaction with patients when providing care. Such an assessment has a focus on physical cues and may not facilitate nurses developing a more holistic picture of cancer patients QoL. Participants in the interpretive phase indicated that time limitations, focus on care tasks, and discontinuity of care, all work against nurses developing a more accurate understanding of cancer patients QoL. Conversely, it was found that building a relationship and stronger rapport with patients is the main facilitator in improving nurses understanding of cancer patients QoL.
40
Abrahamsson, Judit. "Religionskunskapslärares tolkning av sitt ämne och dess syfte : En kvalitativ undersökning av religionskunskapslärares tolkning och didaktiska tillämpning." Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Fakulteten för humaniora och samhällsvetenskap (from 2013), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-83328.
Анотація:
The aim of this qualitative study is to examine how teachers comprehend and interpret the subject of Religious Studies in Sweden; and how these interpretations manifest themselves practically in their teachings. The theoretical framework of the subject Religious Studies can be perceived and interpreted in different ways. This interpretation, as well as its practical implementation, is a process that is largely determined by a teacher’s knowledge of: pedagogical content knowledge, subject matter knowledge and curricular knowledge. The examination is based on eight semi-struc-tured interviews with Religious Studies teachers. Perceptions and methods were explored with each of them, the output of which has been analysed and themed. The result of the study clearly demonstrated that the main purpose of Religious Studies teaching was to increase the acceptance and tolerance of its students. It also revealed that due to the breadth and complexity of subject matter, the practical implementation of their teaching approaches varied significantly. Furthermore, its effectiveness is not only influence by the teaching approach itself, but also by individual’s own personal development.
41
Lazzaoui, Najoua. "Les réactions des consommateurs locaux à l'implantation des formats de distribution alimentaire moderne dans les pays émergents : enjeux et implications pour les acteurs." Thesis, Paris Est, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PEST0086.
Анотація:
L'introduction des formats de distribution alimentaire modernes dans le paysage commercial des pays émergents suscite des interrogations sur l'impact que cela produit sur les comportements de consommation et de magasinage des acheteurs locaux. La persistance du commerce traditionnel, ancré dans la culture locale, couplée à l'implantation d'enseignes de distribution modernes, renvoyant à l'image « idéalisée » de l'Occident, exerce une tension sur les goûts et les habitudes de consommation autochtones. Cette recherche doctorale explore les significations culturelles données aux pratiques de consommation et de magasinage dans ces pays en s'appuyant sur une importante étude qualitative de type ethnographique réalisée au Maroc. Les résultats montrent que l'introduction des formats modernes de vente sur ce marché émergent qui porte des valeurs socio-culturelles différentes de celles des pays d'importation est à l'origine de l'apparition de comportements hybrides ou de pratiques d'adoption sélective à travers lesquels les consommateurs cherchent à articuler des codes et des dimensions symboliques contrastés en vue de donner sens à leur consommation. En outre, la dualité du système de distribution accentue la logique du jeu des classes en amplifiant les tendances au marquage social du statut via la mise en scène (au sens de Goffman) de la consommation et de l'appropriation des espaces de vente. Par ailleurs, si l'introduction des nouveaux formats de vente constitue une vraie menace pour le commerce traditionnel, elle favorise par la même occasion la réorganisation du secteur, la diversification de l'activité de ses acteurs et l'amélioration de leurs pratiques de gestionThe introduction of modern food retail formats in the emerging countries' commercial landscape raises questions on the impact it causes on the local buyers' consumption and shopping behavior. Anchored in the local culture, the persistence of traditional business coupled with the implementation of modern retail chains that put forth an ‘idealistic' image of the Western societies causes tensions on consumers' native tastes and habits. This doctoral research explores the cultural meanings given by consumers to shopping and consumption practices in these countries based on a large ethnographic qualitative study performed in Morocco. Results show that the introduction of modern sales formats in emerging markets where socio-cultural values differ from those of the importing countries causes hybrid behaviors or selective adoption practices to emerge through which consumers try to articulate contrasted codes and symbolic dimensions in an effort to give meaning to their consumption. In addition, the dual distribution system accentuates the social class game amplifying trends in social status tagging through the staging of consumption (as per Goffman) and the appropriation of the retail spaces. Furthermore, if the introduction of new retail formats is a real threat to traditional retailers, it favors by the same token the reorganization of this sector, the diversification of the activities by its actors as well as the enhancement of their management practices
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Rood, T. C. B. "Interpreting Thucydides : a narratological approach." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.319001.
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Chorba, Kristen. "Relational Learning: A Study of Peer Mentoring Experiences among Undergraduate Teacher Education Majors." Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1385050933.
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Al-Kuwari, Wasmiya Dalhem M. D. "Information management within the Nursing Department at Hamad Medical Corporation (HMC), Qatar." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2005. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/7811.
Анотація:
Hamad Medical Corporation, the main healthcare provider in the state of Qatar, sponsored this study to investigate the use of electronic records management as the basis for a novel information management system in its Nursing Department. To assess the viability of an electronic records management system a questionnaire survey of a representative sample of the staff and interviews with key post holders were under taken. Results obtained indicated a wide spread dissatisfaction with the existing manual system. However, introduction of any computer-based technology requires great care. To assist with identifying any issues with this technological change, Soft System Methodology (SSM) was employed to discern what changes could be made to improve the current problematic situation found in the Nursing Department. In fact the change archetypes uncovered (procedural, attitudinal, structural and cultural) formed an innovative input into obtaining a roadmap for development of the electronic staff records system. This roadmap was facilitated by the use of Nominal Group Technique (NGT) and Interpretive Structural Modelling (ISM): In fact the roadmap was an ISM intent structure. The roadmap suggested that change could be affected by having written policy documents and the top goal to be achieved reflected an improvement in manpower placing and budgetary forecasts. The use of a multi-methods approach meant that as well as this study's main objectives being reached, the process encompassed some methodological innovations. This study is the first to use the output of SSM to facilitate the NGT and ISM interactions. Equally, it is the first study of its sort to be applied to the Nursing Department at HMC, Qatar, which is an example of a cross-cultural eastern philosophical tradition. The methods used here revealed some significant findings, and have helped in the development of an electronic records management system for use at HMC, Qatar.
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Halvarson, Britton Thérèse. "Studiebesök i religionskunskapsundervisningen : Elevers tal om islam före, under och efter ett moskébesök." Licentiate thesis, Karlstads universitet, Institutionen för pedagogiska studier, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-34495.
Анотація:
One aim with the Swedish non-confessional religious education is to increase students’ understanding and respect for different ways of thinking and behaving. One opportunity to reflect upon other people's interpretations of life, are field visits. Many teachers and students want to make field visits but few actually do. This thesis explores educational opportunities and challenges generated by field visits as part of religious education. This is a classroom study in an upper secondary school (the students were 17 years old), during the teaching sequence about Islam where one part was a field visit to a mosque. Data were produced by classroom observations and observations from a mosque visit, students’ journal writing’s before and after the visit and student interviews. The students’ utterances about Islam are analysed using Michael Bachtin’s dialogue theory and Robert Jackson’s interpretive approach. The analysis shows that students apply a speech genre, which in this study is denoted genre of politeness. In some cases the genre of politeness affect the students such that they do not dare to ask all questions, in particular questions about Islam and gender. Another result is that students more widely apply a self-reflexive speech genre during and after the mosque visit as compared to before the visit. By self-reflexive speech is meant that the students mirror what they have met in the mosque with their own interpretations of life. The analysis also shows that the several students express critical opinions about Islam both before and after the mosque visit and the teaching sequence. The study explores educational opportunities and challenges generated by the mosque visit. Some of the themes that are discussed in the thesis are: 1) questions about representations of religion, for instance in what way “lived religion” and religion as a “philosophical ideal” can be combined, 2) the students’ different ways of reflection, 3) how do students relate and rely on the faith representative’s utterances, and 4) how students formulate questions to the faith representative.Baksidestext Studiebesök är en metod i religionskunskapsundervisningen som förefaller vara uppskattad av både lärare och elever. Trots det visar det sig att det är relativt få lärare som verkligen gör besök, vilket delvis kan bero på en osäkerhet vad som händer ur ett elevperspektiv i mötet med en ny kontext. Den här studien har undersökt religionsdidaktiska utmaningar och möjligheter som aktualiserats genom ett moskébesök. Empirin utgörs av gymnasielevers yttranden om islam i loggar, elevintervjuer, klassrummet och under ett moskébesök. Analysen visar bland annat att elevernas tal under besöket påverkas av en ”artighetsgenre” som både kan underlätta och försvåra för eleverna. Vidare framkommer det att elever i större utsträckning under och efter besöket speglar det de möter i moskén i sina egna livstolkningar. Analysen visar också hur elever uttrycker att deras inställning till islam påverkas på olika sätt av besöket. Några religionsdidaktiska områden som aktualiserats av besöket och diskuteras är frågor om religioners representation, hur trosrepresentanten ska behandlas som källa samt olika sätt att ställa frågor till representanten.
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Ferreira, Ilze. "A phenomenological study of the experience of assets that support learning." Diss., Pretoria : [s.n.], 2009. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-07022009-115527.
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Mailman, Matthew. "An Interpretive Approach to Two Wind Partitas of Franz Vincent Krommer: Partita in F, Op. 57 (1808) and Partita in E-flat, Op. 79 (1810), A Lecture Recital : Together with Three Recitals of Selected Works of Stravinsky, Hanson, Martin Mailman, Holst and Walton." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1995. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc277888/.
Анотація:
An interpretive approach to performing two works by Franz Krommer for wind ensemble. Including a short history of Harmoniemusik, with origins, development, and chronology of the instruments and repertoire, the roles of "better-known" composers of Harmoniemusik, and its importance in both general music history and history of the wind band. An account of known biographical detail concerning Franz Krommer, his life, his musical involvement and career in Europe, and his place in music history. An overview of his compositions for wind groups other than the Harmoniemusik, including his symphonic music and concertos. Detailed analyses of the two octet-partitas, Partita in F, Op. 57 and Partita in E-flat, Op. 79, with discussion of thematic, harmonic, melodic, articulation, and formal characteristics illustrated through score examples. Examination of issues for a conductor to consider when approaching a performance of these works such as instrumentation (modern vs. period instruments, selecting 16-foot instrument), taking (or not taking) repeats with respect to form, interpreting articulations, determining metronomic tempos, ensemble balance, and style based on wind music of the Classical period. Also, how this music can (and why it should) be used by wind conductors as both a teaching supplement and a compositional model for pieces from the Classical period. Conclusion includes a call for further research on Krommer and his works.
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Ivanova, Adelina Velikova. "Discourse processing during simultaneous interpreting : an expertise approach." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2000. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/251740.
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Hamer, Jessica Maite Michelle. "Interpreting ancient continental environments : A palaeopedological and ichnological approach." Thesis, Royal Holloway, University of London, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.537510.
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Ma, Hongyan. "Interpreting Middle School Students’ Online Experiences: A Phenomenological Approach." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2005. http://www.ohiolink.edu/etd/view.cgi?ohiou1113584819.