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Добірка наукової літератури з теми "International treatie"

Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 10 березня 2023

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Статті в журналах з теми "International treatie"

Peters, Paul. "R. Dolzer, M. Stevens, Bilateral Investment Treatie, Kluwer Law International, The Hague 1995, Dfl. 175/$124/£ 75." Netherlands International Law Review 43, no. 01 (May 1996): 103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0165070x00004812.

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Murshud Zarbaliyeva, Leyla. "Əmtəə nişanlarına dair beynəlxalq müqavilələr". SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH 09, № 5 (22 травня 2022): 35–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.36719/2789-6919/09/35-39.

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The article is based on a comprehensive and comparative analysis of universal and regional international treaties in the field of trademarks. At the same time, their similarities and differences were considered. The registration of trademarks was also touched upon within the relevant mechanisms. Key words: trademarks, registration of trademark, brand, Madrid system, TRIPS, patent office, World Intellectual Property Organization Leyla Mürşüd qızı Zərbəliyeva Əmtəə nişanlarına dair beynəlxalq müqavilələr Xülasə Məqalə əmtəə nişanları nişanları sahəsində bağlanan universal və regional beynəlxalq müqavilələrin ümuməhatəli və müqayisəli təhlili əsasında hazırlanmışdır. Eyni zamanda, onların oxşar və fərqli cəhətləri də nəzərdən keçirilmişdir. Həmçinin, müvafiq mexanizmlər çərçivəsində əmtəə nişanların qeydiyyatına da toxnulumuşdur. Açar sözlər: əmtəə nişanları, əmtəə nişanlarının qeydiyyatı, brend, Madrid sistemi, TRİPS, patent idarəsi, Ümumdünya Əqli Mülkiyyət Təşkilatı

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Mustafa Mammadova, Gunay. "DESIGN PROTECTION STANDARTS IN INTERNATIONAL TREATIES." SCIENTIFIC WORK 65, no. 04 (April 23, 2021): 310–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.36719/2663-4619/65/310-313.

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Despite the local application of the law, the attacks on intellectual property rights regardless of borders have created the necessity to protect these rights at the international level. The fact that each country has its own legal system and judicial system makes holders vulnerable in terms of protection and enforcement of their rights. In the global market, a consumer-approved design owner must register in 200 different countries and file a lawsuit against the offender. A number of international agreements have been adopted, taking into account the difficulties associated with the protection and enforcement of intellectual property rights. This article describes some important international treaties about legal protection of industrial design. Key words: industrial design, convention, international law, agreement, international protection

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da Silva-Telles Nichele, Cíntia, and Aldo Pacheco-Ferreira. "Tratados internacionales de derechos humanos: efectos sobre la salud de la mujer." Memorias del Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Salud 18, no. 3 (December 1, 2020): 55–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.18004/mem.iics/1812-9528/2020.018.03.55.

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Este artículo examina los efectos de los tratados internacionales de derechos humanos relacionados con la salud de la mujer. Para ello, tuvo como objetivo analizar la relación entre la ratificación de la Convención sobre la eliminación de todas las formas de discriminación contra la mujer (CEDAW) y del Protocolo facultativo de esa Convención (OP-CEDAW) y los resultados de la violencia sexual contra la mujer por pareja y no pareja, de la tasa de mortalidad materna y de la esperanza de vida de la mujer al nacer. Utilizó un método cuantitativo, descriptivo y de corte transversal. En cuanto a la violencia sexual contra la mujer, se comparó el grado de adherencia a los tratados y la prevalencia de este tipo de violencia. En cuanto a la tasa de mortalidad materna y la esperanza de vida al nacer, las correlaciones se construyeron utilizando el método de mínimos cuadrados lineales. El estudio involucró al universo de países, los cuales fueron agrupados según la división regional de la OMS. Como resultado, se encontró que estos tres indicadores han mejorado con el tiempo en todas las regiones en el período posterior a la ratificación de ambos tratados. Sin embargo, no fue posible asociar tales avances con el aumento en el número de países que se han unido a los tratados. Por tanto, se debe reconocer que la ratificación de un tratado representa solo el comienzo del compromiso con los derechos humanos para la salud.

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Hamd Ahmed, Sirwan, and Halmat Saadoon Ghareeb. "Official Languages and International Treaties- A Reading of Iraqi Treaties Ratification Law of 2016." Journal of Legal and Political Studies 9, no. 1 (June 1, 2021): 270–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.17656/jlps.10198.

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Humeres Guajardo, Nicolás. "LOS TRATADOS INTERNACIONALES FRENTE A LAS LAGUNAS: AUTOEJECUTABILIDAD E INEXCUSABILIDAD RESOLUTIVA." Revista de Derecho, no. 37 (2020): 37–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.21703/issn2735-6337/2020.n37-03.

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Анотація:

La presente investigación busca analizar elementos subyacentes en el tratamiento jurisprudencial de los Tratados Internacionales como fuentes formales del derecho y su aplicabilidad en la solución de lagunas del sistema jurídico chileno. En función a tal objetivo, se esboza un concepto de lagunas; se revisan los fundamentos que sustentaron inicialmente la incorporación del Derecho internacional al Derecho interno, y se analizan postulados doctrinarios y jurisprudenciales vinculados a la autoejecutabilidad de este tipo de normas. Finalmente se formulan algunas reflexiones en respuesta a algunas críticas metodológicas formuladas desde un sector de la doctrina del Derecho internacional público a la aplicación jurisdiccional de este tipo de normas.

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Erdem, Muhammet Emre, and İmran Arıtı Erdem. "THE POSITION OF INTERNATIONAL TAX TREATIES IN DOMESTIC LAW." E-journal of New World Sciences Academy 14, no. 2 (April 29, 2019): 1–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.12739/nwsa.2019.14.2.4c0228.

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Tellez Nunez, Andres. "Tratados internacionales, interpretación y búsqueda de significados: Un enfoque complementario." Revista de Derecho Uninorte, no. 54 (May 23, 2022): 201–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.14482/dere.54.341.2.

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Анотація:

En el marco de un proyecto de investigación sobre la efectividad del derecho internacional, este artículo tiene como objetivo proponer una nueva forma de interpretación de los tratados que complemente las normas contenidas en los artículos 31 a 33 de la Convención de Viena de 1969. Para lograr dicho objetivo, el artículo propone una hipótesis de trabajo que cuestiona la suficiencia del contractualismo y del originalismo para explicar la juridicidad del derecho internacional de los tratados, y, bajo la asunción platónica consistente en que el derecho coincide en la práctica con la política, afirma que el proceso de interpretación y construcción de la norma supondrá llenar de significado los términos y definiciones de un tratado, que no son estáticos, sino dinámicos, pero según las vivencias de los Estados y de conformidad con lineamientos provistos por la razón natural. Mediante la utilización de un método hermenéutico-analítico, el autor concluye que puede existir una nueva forma de interpretar los tratados que esté en relación directa con la vivencia de la norma jurídica internacional, y que cuestiona tanto al contractualismo como al originalismo como posturas que explican su fundamento.

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احمدی, فضل احمد. "منزلت معاهدات بین‌المللی در نظام حقوقی افغانستان". ghalib quarterly journal 36, № 1 (4 серпня 2022): 79–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.58342/.v11i36.33.

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جذب معاهدات بین‌المللی، یکی از نیازهای عمدۀ دولت‌ها در جهان معاصر است؛ از‌این‌رو، هر دولتی با توجه به ضرورتِ زیست بین‌المللی و حفظ منافع ملی و ارزش‌های بین‌المللی به جذب معاهدات بین‌المللی روی می‌آورد؛ در‌حالی‌که معاهدات از یک‌سو متعدد و مختلف است، از جهت دیگر، این معاهدات حامل قواعد معینی‌است که مستلزم اجرا در نظام‌های حقوقی داخلی می‌باشد. دولت افغانستان در زمان جمهوریت سوم با‌توجه به این نیاز به تعداد بسیاری از معاهدات بین‌المللی محلق شده است؛ چنان‌که «مجموعه معاهدات» سازمان ملل متحد نشان می‌دهد، این کشور صد‌و‌پنجاه‌و‌پنج مورد امضا‌، تصویب و الحاق دارد. با‌توجه به این مطلب، سوال اصلی تحقیق این است که با امعان نظر به روش‌های بین‌المللی‌گرایانه و دولت‌محورانه در زمینۀ جذب معاهدات بین‌المللی، دولت افغانستان در زمان جمهوریت سوم کدام روش را برگزیده و در عین حال چه منزلت و اعتباری برای معاهدات بین‌المللی قائل می‌باشد؟ روش بررسی این پژوهش، ‌توصیفی- تحلیلی مبتنی بر داده‌های کتاب‌خانه‌یی است که پس از جمع‌آوری اطلاعات و با استفاده از قوانین موجود، موضوع و مسأله مورد تحلیل و تجزیه قرار گرفته است. نتیجۀ این پژوهش حاکی از آن است که رویۀ عملی دولت افغانستان در زمان جمهوریت سوم در قبال جذب معاهدات بین‌المللی، به‌صورت دقیق بر وفق هیچ کدام از نظریات مطرح شده نیست؛ در‌حالی رویۀ دولت افغانستان در جذب معاهدات بین‌المللی بینش بین‌المللی‌گرایانه است، در تعیین منزلت معاهدات و اجرای آن‌ها با گرایش دولت‌محورانه عمل کرده است. با این حال، در بسیاری از موارد هیچ رویه قابل تعیین نیست.

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Giordano, Mark. "International water treaties." Journal of Environmental Planning and Management 51, no. 6 (November 2008): 873–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09640560802423947.

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Більше джерел

Дисертації з теми "International treatie"

Ringer, Jeanne. "L’efficacité des mécanismes de protection internationale face aux réserves émises par les États signataires de traités internationaux." Thesis, Paris 10, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA100200.

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Анотація:

Cette étude décrit le cadre juridique et pratique actuel de la formulation de réserves par les États parties aux traités internationaux et présente une modification possible de ce cadre. Elle montre comment les réserves peuvent être utilisées pour faire avancer de manière efficace la protection des droits humains, en tant que points de départ du dialogue entre les organes conventionnels et les États signataires.En effet, lors de la création d’un instrument international ayant pour objet la protection efficace des droits humains, la question qui se pose est celle de savoir si une telle protection est possible en présence de réserves.Il apparaît que les réserves émises servent de points de départ pour les Comités à un dialogue constructif avec les États réservataires. En conséquence, les réserves impliquent plusieurs éléments procéduraux importants, à commencer par le nécessaire pris de conscience tant par les États réservataires que les Comités des problématiques spécifiques, afin de permettre un dialogue constructif entre les deux
This study describes the current legal and practical framework of the formulation of reservations by State parties to international treaties, and presents a possible modification of this framework.It shows how reservations can be used to effectively advance human rights protections as a starting point for dialogue between treaty bodies and signatory states.When creating an international instrument for the effective protection of human rights, the question that arises is whether such protection is possible in the presence of reservations.It appears that the reservations made serve as starting points for constructive dialogue for the committees with the reserving States. Consequently, reservations involve several important procedural elements, starting with the awareness of specific issues necessary by both the reserving States and the Committees. This would allow a constructive dialogue between the two.Finally, it is necessary to have a reliable framework in which reservations to international treaties do not transform an instrument of protection into a mitigated guarantee

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Yahaya, Shamsu. "Multilateral investment treaties : is the energy charter treaty an effective instrument for protecting international investments?" Thesis, University of Dundee, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.510625.

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Vergnet, Nicolas. "La création et la répartition de la valeur en droit fiscal international." Thesis, Paris 2, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PA020063/document.

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Анотація:

La crise financière de 2008 et l’accroissement considérable de l’endettement public qui en a résulté ont mis au centre des priorités politiques contemporaines la nécessité de veiller à un alignement entre la fiscalité internationale et la création de valeur. Cette contemporanéité de l’enjeu ne doit pas occulter la redondance de ses causes avec celles qui ont présidé à la mise en place des premiers modèles de conventions fiscales bilatérales durant l’entre-deux-guerres sous l’égide de la Société des Nations. L’étude des travaux de l’organisation durant les années 1920 ainsi que de leur reprise par l’OECE puis l’OCDE au cours de la seconde moitié du XXème siècle permet de constater que l’ordre fiscal international actuel repose sur une logique d’alignement de la répartition de la matière taxable avec la géographie de la création de valeur. L’étonnement que suscite cette constatation lorsqu’elle est mise en perspective avec les critiques faites au système fiscal international actuel invite plus que jamais à étudier les rapports qu’entretient ce dernier avec la création de valeur : leurs connexions, leurs déconnexions, et les tentatives de reconnexions dont ils font l’objet
The 2008 financial crisis and the resulting significant increase in public debt have put the focus of today's political priorities on the need to tax profits in accordance with value creation. The topicality of this issue must not overshadow the striking similarity of its causes with those that led to the drafting of the first model tax treaties in the 1920s under the aegis of the League of Nations. A study of the organisation's work, built on by the OEEC, and the OECD in the second half of the 20th century, shows that the current international tax system already tends to align jurisdiction to tax with value creation. This observation is surprising when put in perspective with the criticisms of the current international tax order. It invites us more than ever to study the relationship between the international tax system and value creation: their connections, their disconnections, and the attempts to reconnect them

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Pompongsuk, Prasert. "International aircraft leasing, impact on international air law treaties." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape11/PQDD_0004/MQ44072.pdf.

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Pompongsuk, Prasert. "International aircraft leasing : impact on international air law treaties." Thesis, McGill University, 1997. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=20544.

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Анотація:

Aircraft leasing is a method of fleet acquisition. It was known to none at the outset of the air traffic era; as a result, international air law treaties were not formulated upon the concept that realized the practices as such. The moment international aircraft leasing materialized, many regimes of international air law became unsuited to the situation.
On the one hand, public international air law treaties have faced the problems ranging from safety oversight responsibilities and aircraft accident investigation to airport charges and criminal jurisdiction.
On the other hand, private international air law treaties have faced the problems ranging from applicability of the 1952 Rome Convention and preferential rights under the 1948 Geneva Convention to aircraft engine leasing and the idiosyncrasy of leasing transactions.
This study is not aimed at scrutinizing leasing transactions but at examining the aforementioned difficulties, especially the issues of public international air law.

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Baltag, Crina Mihaela. "Jurisdictional limits of the Energy Charter Treaty and its interplay with related treaties and arbitration rules : the notion of investor." Thesis, Queen Mary, University of London, 2011. http://qmro.qmul.ac.uk/xmlui/handle/123456789/8415.

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The boom of bilateral investment treaties and trade agreements came with an increasing number of disputes between investors and states related to actions and omissions of states in respect of the protection of investors and their investments. These instruments made a significant contribution to the development and implementation of an economic and legal framework for the promotion and safeguard of investors and investments. They also played an important part in and improved the access of investors to dispute resolution mechanisms – and, in particular, to arbitration – for the protection of their investments. In this vast network of treaties and agreements aspiring to offer investors proper conditions for a stable and predictable investment environment, the Energy Charter Treaty (ECT) stands out as a unique multilateral treaty aimed at facilitating transactions and investments in the energy field. The ECT came to life soon after the fall of the communist regimes across Europe and the dissolution of the Soviet Union, and it was motivated by the desire of the Western European states to secure their access to the much needed natural resources of the Eastern countries. This Thesis undertakes the challenging task of clarifying the notion of ‘Investor’ within the ECT’s framework and its related treaties and arbitration rules. The notion of ‘Investor’ is essential for the substantive and procedural protection of Investors and their Investments. Although the ECT provides for a definition of Investor, the notion of ‘Investor’ goes beyond this definition: it is shaped not only by the provisions of the ECT, but also by the related treaties and rules under the Investor–Contracting Party dispute resolution mechanism. It is also fundamental for the understanding of the notion of ‘Investor’ to consider it as it naturally interacts with the concepts of ‘Contracting Party’ and ‘Investment’. The notion of ‘Investor’ has two essential characteristics: it is challenging to assign it with a precise definition – any attempt to define this notion will not comprehensively encompass all its features; and it is a flexible notion, tailored to suit the treaties and rules interacting with the ECT. The intrinsic complexity of the notion of ‘Investor’ is amplified by web of provisions of the ECT, not always comprehensible and straightforward. The speed of the ECT’s negotiation was the determinant factor that contributed to the entry into force of the ECT, but also led to a compromise treaty. In this context, it is mandatory that the proper interpretation and analysis of the notion of ‘Investor’ be made in the light of the rules of treaty interpretation of the Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties.

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Berthet, Karim. "Les difficultés de mise en oeuvre des dispositifs nationaux et internationaux de lutte contre les juridictions fiscales non coopératives." Thesis, Nice, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014NICE0012.

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Il n'existe pas à l'heure actuelle de définition « officielle » des juridictions fiscales non coopératives, l'appréhension de ces dernières étant particulièrement difficile à cerner. D'où la grande difficulté de les recenser avec exactitude et du même coup de leur donner une désignation géographique précise... Or, cette notion est d'autant plus importante qu'elle est le critère de détermination de territoires à régime fiscal dit « privilégié. » L'étude de la notion des juridictions fiscales non coopératives apparaît dès lors comme fondamentale pour aborder l'approche des législations fiscales internationales dans l'avenir. En effet, à partir de quand sommes-nous en présence d’une juridiction fiscale non coopérative ? Quels critères juridiques adopter pour les définir ? Bref, comment identifier de telles juridictions ? Quelles sont leurs caractéristiques premières ? Combien y'en a-t-il de par le monde et quel est leur poids exact dans l'économie mondiale ? Quelle a été l'évolution de l'approche internationale de ces juridictions dans le passé ? Comment cette approche peut-elle évoluer dans le futur pour tenir compte des contraintes économiques et financières avec la mondialisation ? En réalité, cette ambigüité accompagnant la notion de juridictions fiscales non coopératives, ne relève pas seulement de la simple négligence législative de la part des États qui a priori devraient être chargés de la définir. Bien plus, il s'agit là d'un véritable flou juridique plus ou moins organisé qui contribue grandement à entretenir l'opacité de ces territoires et à faciliter la tentation de l'évasion fiscale
There is at the moment no "official" definition of the not cooperative fiscal jurisdictions, apprehension of these last ones being particularly difficult to identify. Hence the great difficulty of accurately identifying and thereby give them a specific geographic designation... Now, this notion is especially important as it is the criterion for determining territories Tax System "privileged." The study of the notion of the not cooperative fiscal jurisdictions therefore appears to be fundamental to discuss the approach of international tax laws in the future. Indeed, from when we are in the presence of a non cooperative fiscal jurisdiction? What legal criteria to adopt to define them? In brief, how identify such jurisdictions? What are their first characteristics? How much has it to it throughout the world and which is their exact weight in the world economy? What was the evolution of the international approach of these jurisdictions in past? How can this approach evolve in the future to take into account economic and financial constraints with the globalization? In reality, this ambiguity accompanying the notion of not cooperative fiscal jurisdictions, recover not only from the simple legislative negligence on behalf of the States which a priori should be in charge of defining it. Much more, it is about a real more or less organized vagueness of the law there which contributes largely to maintain the opacity of these territories and to facilitate the temptation of the tax evasion

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McCall-Smith, Kasey Lowe. "Reservations to human rights treaties." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/6320.

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This thesis examines the default application of the 1969 Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties reservation rules to reservations to human rights treaties. The contemporary practice of formulating reservations allows states to unilaterally modify their treaty obligations following the conclusion of negotiations. Though multilateral treaties address a broad spectrum of subjects and are negotiated using a variety of methods, all treaties are governed by the same residual reservation rules of the Vienna Convention when there is not a treaty-specific reservation regime in place. The Vienna Convention system is only engaged if a state seizes the opportunity to determine whether a reservation is valid pursuant to default rules or if a challenge regarding the validity of a reservation is brought before another competent mechanism of review, such as a dispute resolution mechanism. Even when applied, the Vienna Convention rules are ambiguous at best and have been criticised since their inception due to the high degree of flexibility in their application, especially in relation to human rights treaties. In light of the inherent flaws of the Vienna Convention reservation regime and the structural characteristics of human rights treaties, rarely will a reserving state be deprived of the benefit of the reservation even if it is determined to be invalid by another State Party. Though the consequences of an invalidity determination are more concrete when the decision is taken by a dispute resolution mechanism, such as a court, seldom are disputes over the validity of a reservation to a human rights treaty submitted to a competent mechanism. Using the core UN human rights treaties as a case study this research highlights that the past thirty years have revealed a practical impasse in treaty law when the default reservation rules are relied upon to regulate reservations to human rights treaties. Reservations of questionable validity gain the same status as valid reservations because the Vienna Convention rules do not address the consequence for a reservation determined to be invalid outwith the traditional inter se application of the reservation between the reserving and objecting states, which is not logical in the context of a human rights treaty. Against this background, this thesis examines whether the default reservation rules adequately govern reservations to human rights treaties. The conclusion affirms that the Vienna Convention reservation regime can regulate reservations to human rights treaties but only if there is a clearly defined final view on the validity of a reservation taken by an organ other than the state. Therefore, it is argued that treaty-specific supervisory mechanisms attached to each of the core UN human rights treaties should be invested with the competency to serve a determinative function with respect to evaluating reservations to human rights treaties in order to facilitate a stronger basis for the international human rights system.

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Montoya, Chávez Victorhugo, and Cambiaso Raúl Feijóo. "The Hierarchy of Human Rights International Treaties." IUS ET VERITAS, 2016. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/123420.

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An issue that has sparked heated debate over the years is undoubtedly the hierarchy of international treaties in the Peruvian legal system. the critical point is whether these treaties have Constitutional status. thus, the authors seek the answer based on the hierarchy of laws and how Human Rights Treaties are defined nowadays. Furthermore, they analyze the arguments defending their constitutional status in order to arrive to a firm conclusion that considers the globalization process that Law is going through.
Un tema que ha despertado un gran debate a lo largo de los años, es sin duda el rango de los tratados internacionales en el ordenamiento jurídico peruano. el punto álgido sobre la discusión es si dichos tratados tienen el mismo peso que la Constitución. De esta manera, los autores buscan responder a la interrogante basándose en la jerarquía normativa y cómo se entienden hoy en día los tratados sobre Derechos Humanos. Además, analizan los argumentos que defienden su rango constitucional, para finalmente emitir una sólida conclusión considerando el proceso de globalización por el que transcurre el Derecho en la actualidad.

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Zeman, Ondřej. "International Treaties In the Czech Legal Order." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2007. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-4362.

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In the second, common part describes public international law and it's relation to the national law. Subsequently the system of sources of public international law and application of the international treaties to the system of the national law. In the third, analytical part describes relationship between international and the Czech law, it's historical development and present situation and the relation of the Czech national law to the acquis communautaire as well.

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Книги з теми "International treatie"

The European Community's participation in international treaties. [Princeton, N.J.]: Center of International Studies, Woodrow Wilson School of Public and International Affairs, Princeton University, 1985.

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Kapustin, Anatoliy, Vladislav Avhadeev, G. Aznagulova, Sayana Bal'haeva, Svetlana Gracheva, Nataliya Doronina, E. D'yachenko, et al. Modern concept of interpretation of international treaties. ru: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1839409.

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The monograph examines the most important elements of the modern concept of interpretation of international treaties, examines the history of the formation of the concept of interpretation of international treaties in doctrine and international practice, suggests approaches to conceptualizing the nature of interpretation of treaties, taking into account the provisions of the Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties of 1969. Along with scientific and theoretical aspects, practical aspects of the interpretation of an international treaty are disclosed. The features of the interpretation of an international treaty in the practice of international organizations, including international integration organizations, international judicial bodies (ECHR, international judicial bodies for maritime disputes, the International Criminal Court, the Court of the Eurasian Economic Union) are analyzed, individual doctrines of treaty interpretation (evolutionary interpretation, interpretation of contextual elements) are investigated. The peculiarities of the interpretation of international investment treaties are revealed, the problems of the interpretation of international treaties in the decisions of international commercial arbitration are identified, the place of the interpretation of treaties in the concept of comparative international law is investigated. The concept of interpretation of international treaties by national judicial bodies of states with the involvement of the practice of Russian courts is proposed. For researchers, teachers, students and postgraduates of law schools and faculties, as well as anyone interested in the problems of modern international law.

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Parliament, Canada Library of. International treaties: Canadian practice. Ottawa: Library of Parliament, 2000.

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Lukashuk, I. I. Sovremennoe pravo mezhdunarodnykh dogovorov. Moskva: Volters Kluver, 2004.

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Smit, Hans. International arbitration treaties. [Yonkers, N.Y.]: Juris Pub., 1998.

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Smit, Hans. International arbitration treaties. Edited by Pěchota Vratislav. 2nd ed. Huntington, NY: Juris Pub., 2005.

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J, Rengger N., ed. Treaties and alliances of the world. 5th ed. Harlow, Essex, U.K: Longman, 1990.

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García, Hernán Alejandro Olano. Control de constitucionalidad de los tratados internacionales en Colombia. Santafé de Bogotá, D.C: Ediciones Universidad de la Sabana, 1995.

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Djebbar, Abdelmadjid. La politique conventionnelle de l'Algerie. Alger: Office des Publications Universitaires, 2000.

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Europe, Council of, and British Institute of International and Comparative Law., eds. Treaty making: Expression of consent by states to be bound by a treaty. The Hague: Kluwer Law International, 2001.

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Частини книг з теми "International treatie"

Bent, Stephen A., Richard L. Schwaab, David G. Conlin, and Donald D. Jeffery. "International Treaties." In Intellectual Property Rights in Biotechnology Worldwide, 392–470. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-08009-0_9.

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Barston, R. P. "International treaties." In Modern Diplomacy, 415–53. Fifth edition. | Abingdon, Oxon ; New York, NY : Routledge, 2019.: Routledge, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781351270090-18.

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Scharaw, Bajar. "International Investment Treaties." In European Yearbook of International Economic Law, 11–141. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-66089-9_2.

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Riccardi, Lorenzo. "International Tax Treaties." In Chinese Tax Law and International Treaties, 111–264. Heidelberg: Springer International Publishing, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-00275-0_9.

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Smith, Duncan. "International Treaties/Documents." In Contributions to Finance and Accounting, 309–79. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-10063-5_11.

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Amernick, Burton A. "International Patent Treaties." In Patent Law for the Nonlawyer, 91–98. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-7829-7_8.

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Pisillo Mazzeschi, Riccardo. "Treaties." In International Human Rights Law, 65–110. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-77032-7_4.

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Devere, Heather. "Friendship in International Treaties." In Friendship and International Relations, 182–98. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137396341_10.

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Smyth, Stuart J., William A. Kerr, and Peter W. B. Phillips. "International Treaty Precedence." In Biotechnology Regulation and Trade, 147–68. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-53295-0_8.

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Hughes-Gerber, Laura. "International Treaty Law." In Diplomatic Asylum, 89–125. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-73046-8_4.

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Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "International treatie"

Yagubali Mammadova, Vafa. "THE PANDEMIC TREATY: NEW OPPORTUNITIES FOR INTERNATIONAL MEDICAL LAW." In X BEYNƏLXALQ ELMİ ARAŞDIRMALAR KONFRANSI. https://aem.az/, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.36719/2663-4619/2022/3/4/7-10.

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Açar sözlər: müqavilə, pandemiya, beynəlxalq hüquq, tibbi hüquq, insan hüquqları Keywords: treaty, pandemic, international law, medical law, human rights The need to unify the efforts of various countries of the world in the context of the fight against the spread of medical threats on a global scale was clearly studied against the background of the coronavirus pandemic (COVID-19). Although the issues of medical law have been discussed at the international level for many years, the urgency of the problem has become more obvious today. International law in the field of medicine is fragmented by various treaties, conventions, declarations and other documents of a mandatory and non-binding nature. The Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC), adopted within the framework of WHO in 2003, became the first international treaty. Another legal instrument of a binding nature is the International Health Regulations (IHR), adopted by WHO in 2005. However, as it became clear against the background of the COVID-19 pandemic, the mentioned documents have narrow focus.

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Бикетова, Янина Олеговна, and Светлана Маратовна Сафина. "INTERPRITATION OF A INTERNATIONAL TREATY." In Перспективные исследования в сфере права, общества и управления: сборник статей международной научной конференции (Мурманск, Декабрь 2022). Crossref, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.58351/221224.2022.45.84.003.

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В данной статье рассмотрена толкование международного договора, выяснение и разъяснение правильного смысла договора (его содержания) в целях наиболее правильного его применения и осуществления. This article discusses the interpretation of an international treaty, the clarification and clarification of the correct meaning of the treaty (its content) in order to most correctly apply and implement it.

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Nita, Andreea, and Laurentiu Rozylowicz. "Dynamics of the international environmental treaties - perspectives for future cooperation." In 2020 IEEE/ACM International Conference on Advances in Social Networks Analysis and Mining (ASONAM). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/asonam49781.2020.9381333.

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Farida, Elfia, and Adya Prabandari. "The Status of International Treaties in the Indonesian National Law." In The First International Conference On Islamic Development Studies 2019, ICIDS 2019, 10 September 2019, Bandar Lampung, Indonesia. EAI, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4108/eai.10-9-2019.2289450.

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Battalova, Sania. "The right to reading: The principles of the Marrakesh Treaty in Russia." In The Book. Culture. Education. Innovations. Russian National Public Library for Science and Technology, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.33186/978-5-85638-223-4-2020-38-43.

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The Marrakesh Treaty on facilitating access for blind and visually impaired people and people with print disabilities to published works is one of the first international treaties in copyright aimed at widening the access to printed works under the copyright for up to 300 million people with print disabilities. The member states are to amend their national laws correspondingly. Russia ratified the Treaty in November, 2017 2 [4] and on May 8, 2018, the Treaty will come into effect in this country. By doing this, Russia accepts responsibility to eliminate legislative barriers preventing inequality of blind, visually impaired people and persons with print disabilities in the access to books and other materials and widening this access. The key Treaty provisions are analyzed; amendments to and provisions of the RF copyright law are discussed as they are to enable the libraries and other organizations to provide the rights to equal access to the information and knowledge for the target groups of population.

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Özkan, Almıla, and Ayşe Sena Aksakallı. "Transfer of Risk of Loss in Turkish Law and International Treaties." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c12.02381.

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The risk of loss refers to the value of the goods that were damaged or destroyed without responsibilities of any party. While the matter of risk of loss differs from legal systems to legal systems, it has been subject to international treaties as well. In Turkish legal system, the abrogated Code of Obligation and Turkish Code of Obligations have different features in terms of transfer of risk of loss. According to abrogated Code of Obligation, the buyer is responsible for the value of the damaged goods as soon as the parties sign the contract. In Turkish Code of Obligations, the seller bears the risk of loss until the delivery of goods or registration. Turkish Code of Obligation is compatible with civil law. And abrogated Code of Obligation is compatible with common law system. There are rules regarding transfer of risk of loss in many international treaties. By the way, it must be stated that rules of transfer of risk of loss in Vienna Convention are compatible with Turkish Code of Obligations.

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Nový, Zdeněk. "The Dichotomy of Obligations of Conduct and Result in International Investment Law." In COFOLA International 2022. Brno: Masaryk University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5817/cz.muni.p280-0231-2022-7.

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The content of an international obligation must be ascertained before the investment tribunals have decided that the international obligation was breached. Whilst some obligations in investment treaties require a result to be attained by states or investors, others demand they undertake their best efforts. The dichotomy of obligations of conduct and result is a useful tool in analysing the content of international obligations derived from standards of treatment contained in investment treaties, thereby assisting in determining international responsibility. Firstly, the standard of full protection and security is analysed through the lenses of the dichotomy. Secondly, the procedural obligations stemming from dispute resolution provisions are examined, including the obligation to submit to arbitration, the obligation to comply with arbitral awards, and the obligation to recognise and enforce the latter. Thirdly, the dichotomy serves to enhance the understanding of investors’ obligations to respect human rights under investment treaties. The dichotomy may thus assist in establishing the content of the human rights’ obligation in question, and thus the investor’s responsibility for its breach.

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Afandi Salleh, Mohd, Abdul Majid Tahir Mohamed, Mohd Lotpi Mohd Yusob, and Fazidatul Aida Mat Yazid. "Maqasid Al-Shariah as a Parameter in International Treaty." In International Conference on Ethics in Governance (ICONEG 2016). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/iconeg-16.2017.40.

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Cameron, Phil. "SPACE TRAVEL LAW AND THE RIGHT TO STARLIGHT." In 14 Majsko savetovanje. University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Law, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.46793/xivmajsko.101c.

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This paper provides an overview of the development of space travel law rules, principles governing the space exploration (equality, cooperation, accessibility, reciprocity, consultation), steps undertaken by certain states (USA, Russia, China) for the purpose of space exploration, space travel providers. The legal basis for conducting the space activities is provided in the five outer space treaties – Outer Space Treaty 1967, Rescue Agreement 1968, Liability Convention 1972, Registration Convention 1974, Moon Agreement 1974. In addition, paper analyzes the right to starlight. Starlight is a cultural and scientific property right, owned by all of humanity, protected by international law and norms, whose guardianship has been entrusted to individual States, for the benefit and enjoyment of all human kind. As a property right, Starlight must be made available to the owners of this property, so that members of humanity may freely enjoy their property and be free to travel to it for scientific and leisure purposes. The right to starlight is analyzed from the aspect of international law, travel and tourism law, world heritage law, religion, sustainable development.

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Shchukin, Andrey. "The unifcation of the rules of international jurisdiction in the universal multilateral treaties." In Problems of unification of private international law in contemporary world. Infra-M Academic Publishing House, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1215.15.

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Hicks, Jacqueline. Drivers of Compliance with International Human Rights Treaties. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), August 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2021.130.

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Are international human rights treaties associated with better rights performance? The appetite for a conclusive answer has driven a number of large scale quantitative studies that have broadly shown little or no effect, and sometimes even a backsliding. However, the headline conclusions belie much more complicated findings, and the research methods used are controversial. These issues undermine confidence in the findings. Comparative and individual case studies allow for more detailed information about how domestic human rights activists use international human rights laws in practice. They tend to be more positive about the effect of treaties, but they are not as systematic as the quantitative work. Some indirect measures of treaty effect show that the norms contained within them filter down into domestic constitutions, and that the process of human rights reporting at the UN may be useful if dialogue can be considered an a priori good. It is likely that states are driven to comply with human rights obligations through a combination of dynamic influences. Drivers of compliance with international law is a major, unresolved question in the research that is heavily influenced by the worldview of researchers. The two strongest findings are: Domestic context drives compliance. In particular: (1) The strength of domestic non-governmental organisations (NGOs), and links with international NGOs (INGOs), and (2) in partial and transitioning democracies where locals have a reason to use the treaties as tools to press their claims. External enforcement may help drive compliance when: (1) other states link human rights obligations in the treaties to preferential trade agreements, and (2) INGOs ‘name and shame’ human rights violations, possibly reducing inward investment flows from companies worried about their reputation. Scholars also identify intermediate effects of continued dialogue and norm socialisation from the UN’s human rights reporting processes. Interviews with diplomats involved in UN reporting say that the process is more effective when NGOs and individual governments are involved.

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Rose, Andrew, and Mark Spiegel. Non-Economic Engagement and International Exchange: The Case of Environmental Treaties. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, May 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w13988.

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Michel, Bob, and Tatiana Falcão. Taxing Profits from International Maritime Shipping in Africa: Past, Present and Future of UN Model Article 8 (Alternative B). Institute of Development Studies (IDS), November 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/ictd.2021.023.

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International maritime shipping is an essential part of global business. Since the establishment of the current international tax regime in the 1920s, there has been a consensus that profits generated by this business are taxable only in the residence state –the state where the shipowners are located. Source states – the port states where business physically takes place – are generally expected to exempt income from international shipping. This standard is currently reflected in Article 8 of the OECD Model and Article 8 (Alternative A) of the UN Model, and is incorporated in the vast majority of bilateral tax treaties currently in force. Exclusive residence state taxation of shipping profits is problematic when the size of mercantile fleets and shipping flows between two states are of unequal size. This is often the case in relations between a developed and developing country. The latter often lack a substantial domestic mercantile fleet, but serve as an important revenue-generating port state for the fleet of the developed country. To come to a more balanced allocation of taxing rights in such a case, a source taxation alternative has been inserted in UN Model Article 8 (Alternative B). From its inception, Article 8B has been labelled impractical due to the lack of guidance on core issues, like sourcing rules and profit allocation. This gap is said to explain the low adoption rate of Article 8B in global tax treaty practice. In reality, tax treaty practice regarding Article 8B is heavily concentrated and flourishing in a handful of countries in South/South-East Asia – Bangladesh, India, Indonesia, Myanmar, Pakistan, the Philippines, Sri Lanka and Thailand. All these countries subject non-resident shipping income to tax in their domestic income tax laws. Except for India, all countries are able to exercise these domestic tax law rules in relation to shipping enterprises located in the biggest shipowner states, either because they have a treaty in place that provides for source taxation or because there is no treaty at all and thus no restriction of domestic law. None of the relevant tax treaties contain a provision that incorporates the exact wording of Article 8B of the UN Model. If other countries, like coastal countries in sub-Saharan Africa, are looking to implement source taxation of maritime shipping income in the future, they are advised to draw on the South/South-East Asian experience. Best practice can be distilled regarding sourcing rule, source tax limitation, profit attribution and method of taxation (on gross or net basis). In addition to technical guidance on tax, the South/South-East Asian experience also provides important general policy considerations countries should take into account when determining whether source taxation of maritime shipping profits is an appropriate target for their future tax treaty negotiations.

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Lehtimaki, Susanna, Kassim Nishtar, Aisling Reidy, Sara Darehshori, Andrew Painter, and Nina Schwalbe. Independent Review and Investigation Mechanisms to Prevent Future Pandemics: A Proposed Way Forward. United Nations University International Institute for Global Health, May 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.37941/pb-f/2021/2.

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Based on the proposal by the European Council, more than 25 heads of state and the World Health Organization (WHO) support development of an international treaty on pandemics, that planned to be negotiated under the auspices of WHO, will be presented to the World Health Assembly in May 2021. Given that the treaty alone is not enough to ensure compliance, triggers for a high-level political response is required. To this end, to inform the design of a support system, we explored institutional mechanismsi with a mandate to review compliance with key international agreements in their signatory countries and conduct independent country investigations in a manner that manages sovereign considerations. Based on our review, there is no single global mechanism that could serve as a model in its own right. There is, however, potential to combine aspects of existing mechanisms to support a strong, enforceable treaty. These aspects include: • Periodic review - based on the model of human rights treaties, with independent experts as the authorized monitoring body to ensure the independence. If made obligatory, the review could support compliance with the treaty. • On-site investigations - based on the model by the Committee on Prevention of Torture according to which visits cannot be blocked by state parties. • Non-negotiable design principles - including accountability; independence; transparency and data sharing; speed; emphasis on capabilities; and incentives. • Technical support - WHO can provide countries with technical assistance, tools, monitoring, and assessment to enhance emergency preparedness and response.

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Draelos, T. J., and R. L. Craft. Comprehensive test ban treaty international monitoring system security threats and proposed security attributes. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), March 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/243017.

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Lehtimaki, Susanna, Aisling Reidy, Kassim Nishtar, Sara Darehschori, Andrew Painter, and Nina Schwalbe. Independent Review and Investigation Mechanisms to Prevent Future Pandemics: A Proposed Way Forward. United Nations University International Institute for Global Health, April 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.37941/rr/2021/1.

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The COVID-19 pandemic has created enormous challenges for national economies, livelihoods, and public services, including health systems. In January 2021, the World Health Organization proposed an international treaty on pandemics to strengthen the political commitment towards global pandemic preparedness, control, and response. The plan is to present a draft treaty to the World Health Assembly in May 2021. To inform the design of a support system for this treaty, we explored existing mechanisms for periodic reviews conducted either by peers or an external group as well as mechanisms for in-country investigations, conducted with or without country consent. Based on our review, we summarized key design principles requisite for review and investigation mechanisms and explain how these could be applied to pandemics preparedness, control, and response in global health. While there is no single global mechanism that could serve as a model in its own right, there is potential to combine aspects of existing mechanisms. A Universal Periodic Review design based on the model of human rights treaties with independent experts as the authorized monitoring body, if made obligatory, could support compliance with a new pandemic treaty. In terms of on-site investigations, the model by the Committee on Prevention of Torture could lend itself to treaty monitoring and outbreak investigations on short notice or unannounced. These mechanisms need to be put in place in accordance with several core interlinked design principles: compliance; accountability; independence; transparency and data sharing; speed; emphasis on capabilities; and incentives. The World Health Organization can incentivize and complement these efforts. It has an essential role in providing countries with technical support and tools to strengthen emergency preparedness and response capacities, including technical support for creating surveillance structures, integrating non-traditional data sources, creating data governance and data sharing standards, and conducting regular monitoring and assessment of preparedness and response capacities.

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Sills, Joe B., Jerome C. Glenn, Theodore J. Gordon, and Renat Perelet. Environmental Security: United Nations Doctrine for Managing Environmental Issues in Military Actions. Volume 2. Selected International Treaties, Conventions and Protocols that Address Environment-Related Issues. Selected International Organizations Relevant to Environmental Security. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, July 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada572508.

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Turrentine, A. Nonproliferation treaty review conference 4: The international calendar and the significance of key events leading up to the review conference. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), May 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6927087.

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Revill, James, Rebecca Katz, Elena Fasoli, Einas Mohammed, Himayu Shiotani, and Jens Hillebrand Pohl. Tools for Compliance and Enforcement from Beyond WMD regimes. The United Nations Institute for Disarmament Research, February 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.37559/wmd/21/wmdce10.

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In seeking fresh ideas for twenty-first century WMD arms control and disarmament, there is value in looking at other regimes for tools and approaches that could be adapted and developed to enhance compliance and enforcement in contemporary WMD-related regimes. To this end, this report comprises a series of short essays that outline tools for treaty compliance or enforcement from regimes dealing with the environment, public health, small arms, international trade, and core international crimes.

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Findlay, Trevor. The Role of International Organizations in WMD Compliance and Enforcement: Autonomy, Agency, and Influence. The United Nations Institute for Disarmament Research, December 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.37559/wmd/20/wmdce9.

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Major multilateral arms control and disarmament treaties dealing with weapons of mass destruction (WMD) often have mandated an international organization to monitor and verify State party compliance and to handle cases of non-compliance. There are marked differences in the mandates and technical capabilities of these bodies. Nonetheless, they often face the same operational and existential challenges. This report looks at the role of multilateral verification bodies, especially their secretariats, in dealing with compliance and enforcement, the extent to which they achieve “agency” and “influence” in doing so, and whether and how such capacities might be enhanced. In WMD organizations it is the governing bodies that make decisions about noncompliance and enforcement. The role of their secretariats is to manage the monitoring and verification systems, analyse the resulting data – and data from other permitted sources – and alert their governing bodies to suspicions of non-compliance. Secretariats are expected to be impartial, technically oriented and professional. It is when a serious allegation of non-compliance arises that their role becomes most sensitive politically and most vital. The credibility of Secretariats in these instances will depend on the agency and influence that they have accumulated. There are numerous ways in which an international secretariat can position itself for maximum agency and influence, essentially by making itself indispensable to member States and the broader international community. It can achieve this by engaging with multiple stakeholders, aiming for excellence in its human and technical resources, providing timely and sustainable implementation assistance, ensuring an appropriate organizational culture and, perhaps most of all, understanding that knowledge is power. The challenge for supporters of international verification organizations is to enhance those elements that give them agency and influence and minimize those that lead to inefficiencies, dysfunction and, most damaging of all, political interference in verification and compliance judgements.

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