Дисертації з теми "Interactive diagnostic system"

Диссертация на соискание ученой степени кандидата технических наук по специальности 05.13.05 – Компьютерные системы и компоненты. – Национальный технический университет "Харьковский политехнический институт", Харьков, 2016. Диссертация посвящена созданию новых и усовершенствованию существующих методов и технических средств компьютерной диагностики уровня подготовленности спортсменов на базе комплексного решения задачи характеризации функциональных и биомеханических показателей. В диссертации разработаны методы компьютерной диагностики технических и функциональных параметров, максимально влияющих на результат с использованием комплекса двигательных и функциональных моделей, экспериментально определен уровень достоверности измерений применяемыми средствами, реализованы методы компьютерной диагностики уровня подготовленности спортсменов контрольно-диагностическими средствами на базе созданной аппаратуры и систем, определены способы и области их применения.
Dissertation for the degree of candidate of technical sciences by specialty 05.13.05 – computer systems and components. – National technical university "Kharkiv polytechnical institut", Kharkov, 2016. This thesis is devoted to the creation of new and improvement of existing methods and means of computer diagnostics level of athletes. It is determined on the basis of a comprehensive solution to the problem of characterizing the functional and biomechanical parameters of athletes. The thesis developed methods for computer diagnostics of technical and functional parameters, the maximum impact on the result from the use a complex of motor and functional models, experimentally determined the level of reliability measurement means employed, implemented methods of computer diagnosis the level of readiness of sportsmen control and diagnostic tools on the basis of established instruments and systems identified methods and their applications.

Дисертація на здобуття наукового ступеня кандидата технічних наук за спеціальністю 05.13.05 – Комп'ютерні системи та компоненти. – Національний технічний університет "Харківський політехнічний інститут", Харків, 2016. Дисертація присвячена створенню нових та удосконаленню існуючих методів і технічних засобів комп'ютерної діагностики рівня підготовленості спортсменів на базі комплексного розв'язання задачі характеризації функціональних і біомеханічних показників. В дисертації розроблено методи комп'ютерної діагностики технічних і функціональних параметрів, що максимально впливають на результат з використанням комплексу рухових і функціональних моделей, експериментально визначено рівень достовірності вимірювань засобами, що використовуються, реалізовані методи комп'ютерної діагностики рівня підготовленості спортсменів за допомогою контрольно-діагностичних засобів на базі створеної апаратури та систем, визначено способи та галузі їх застосування.
Dissertation for the degree of candidate of technical sciences by specialty 05.13.05 – computer systems and components. – National technical university "Kharkiv polytechnical institut", Kharkov, 2016. This thesis is devoted to the creation of new and improvement of existing methods and means of computer diagnostics level of athletes. It is determined on the basis of a comprehensive solution to the problem of characterizing the functional and biomechanical parameters of athletes. The thesis developed methods for computer diagnostics of technical and functional parameters, the maximum impact on the result from the use a complex of motor and functional models, experimentally determined the level of reliability measurement means employed, implemented methods of computer diagnosis the level of readiness of sportsmen control and diagnostic tools on the basis of established instruments and systems identified methods and their applications.

Contabilidade Gerencial e a Estratégia têm em comum a questão do desempenho organizacional, a primeira tem como objetivo medir o desempenho, a segunda se preocupa em como as organizações podem obter desempenho por meio de vantagens competitivas. Uma abordagem utilizada pela Estratégia é a Visão Baseada em Recursos, nessa ótica, o desempenho é potencializado pelas competências organizacionais da empresa, mas, nessa busca pelas competências, as organizações utilizam-se do Sistema de Controle Gerencial - SCG. Dependendo de como o SCG é utilizado, diagnóstica ou interativamente, ou uma combinação dos ambos, este pode contribuir para o desenvolvimento das competências e balancear as Tensões Dinâmicas e, indiretamente, influenciar o desempenho organizacional. Fundamentado no modelo teórico de Henri (2006), o objetivo deste trabalho foi contribuir para o entendimento deste relacionamento nas 1.000 maiores empresas brasileiras, utilizando a técnica estatística multivariada Modelagem de Equações Estruturais com o método de estimação Partial Least Square PLS. Os resultados em um total de 104 empresas indicam que (i) não existem evidências de relacionamento negativo entre o Uso Diagnóstico e o desenvolvimento de competências organizacionais, sugerindo que, no Brasil, o Uso Diagnóstico pode ter um menor componente disfuncional, e também, que este pode ser visto como uma rotina organizacional necessária para manter a organização dentro de um caminho planejado, o que não é incompatível com o desenvolvimento das competências; (ii) não existem relacionamentos significativos positivos entre desenvolvimento de competências e desempenho econômico, medido pelo Retorno sobre Patrimônio Líquido, o que é coerente com o estudo de Henri (2006), sugerindo que devem existir outras variáveis não contempladas no modelo, ou ainda que o indicador RSPL possa não ser uma proxy adequada de desempenho nos anos de 2005 a 2007; (iii) existe relacionamento positivo entre o Uso Interativo e o desenvolvimento de competências, com exceção do Empreendedorismo, o que é consistente com os resultados de Henri (2006); (iv) existe relacionamento positivo entre as Tensões Dinâmicas e as competências, o que está em linha com Henri (2006) e valida a teoria de que as tensões são importantes para busca da eficácia organizacional; (v) Uso Diagnóstico e Uso Interativo do SCG influenciam positivamente as Tensões Dinâmicas, podendo configurar o SCG como um recurso complementar na ótica da VBR; (vi) quando o desempenho é medido por auto-avaliação, ocorre uma alteração nos resultados dos relacionamentos entre competências e desempenho, com as competências Aprendizagem Organizacional e Orientação para Mercado influenciando positivamente o desempenho, indicando que estas duas competências/orientações devem ser estimuladas pelo uso do SCG. Os resultados da pesquisa estão sujeitos a algumas limitações, a principal delas refere-se ao fato que as respostas refletem a percepção dos profissionais de controladoria e finanças das empresas e a análise dos dados também não considerou a estratificação por setores econômicos. Estas limitações ensejam futuras pesquisas, como a sua replicação utilizando outro perfil de respondente, a realização de estudos de casos em empresas com diferentes culturas e desempenhos, bem como estudos que aprofundem a dimensão uso com competências específicas e mesmos construtos oriundos de outros campos de conhecimento.
Managerial Accounting and the Strategy have in common the issue of organizational performance; the first has as the objective of performance measuring the second focuses on how the organizations can obtain performance through competitive advantages. An approach used by the Strategy is the Resource-Based View, through this point of view, the performance is maximized by the company organizational competences, but in this competences search, the organizations use the Management Control System - MCS. Depending on how the MCS is used diagnostically or interactively, or in a combination of both, this can contribute to the competences development and the dynamic tensions balance and indirectly, influence the organizational performance. Originated by the Henri (2006) theoretical model this study proposal is to contribute for this relationship understanding in the 1,000 Brazilian biggest companies, using the multivariate statistic technique Structural Equation Modeling with the estimation method Partial Least Square PLS. The result in a total of 104 companies indicates that (i) there are no evidences of negative relationship between the diagnostic use and the organizational competences development, suggesting that in Brazil, the diagnostic use can have a minor dysfunctional component, and also, that the diagnostic use can be seen as an organizational routine needed to maintain the organization in a planned path, which is not incompatible with the competences development ; (ii) there are no meaningful positive relationships between the competence development and the economical performance, measured by the Return on Equity, which is coherent with the Henri (2006), suggesting that there must be other variables not contemplated in the model, or even that the indicator ROE might not be an adequate proxy of development in the years of 2005-2007; (iii) there is a relationship between the interactive use and the development of competences, excepting the enterprising, which is consistent with Henri (2006) results; there is a positive relation between the dynamic tensions and the competences, which is aligned with Henri (2006) and validates the theory that the tensions are important for the search of the organizational effectiveness (v) diagnostic use and interactive use of the MCS have a positive influence on the dynamic tensions, being able to configure the MCS as an additional resource in the RBV framework ; (vi) when the development measurement is made by self-evaluation, there happens a results change of the relations between competences and performance, with the organizational learning competences and market orientation having a positive influence on the performance, indicating that this two competences/orientations must be stimulates by the MCS use. The research results have some limitation; the main one is that the answers reflect the perception of corporate controllers and finance managers The data analyses did not take in account the stratification by economical sector. These limitations enhance future researches, such as its reply using others professional profiles ; the use cases study methodology in companies with different cultural and performance profiles, and more accurate studies of the usage dimension of specific competences and the same construct deriving from other fields of knowledge.

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This paper investigated the associations between the usage of management reports for managers of business units from a retail company, the effectiveness of decisions and performance. To do this, we adopted the Mahama and Cheng (2013) model to measure the perceived benefits on usage of management reports, Widener (2007) to measure the intensity of usage of reports and cost of attention, and Baum and Wally (2003) to measuring the speed of decisions. We have also performed a quantitative analysis of the data obtained by combining survey data with historical data of the company. The results showed that there is a positive and significant statistical relationship between the perceived benefit of management reports and the intensity of their usage and the intensity of usage is positively associated with taking a more rapid, efficient and comprehensive decision. Moreover, most decision speed is related to improved financial performance and greater coverage of the decision is negatively associated with non-financial and financial performance. The main limitation of this study lies in the fact that the survey reflects the reality of a particular organization, so any generalizations should be avoided. Moreover, the results suggest that the company should invest in spreading the benefits of the use of management reports as a way to improve organizational performance.
Esta pesquisa estudou as associações entre o uso dos relatórios gerenciais por gestores das unidades de negócios de uma rede varejista, a eficácia das decisões e o desempenho. Para tanto, adotou-se o modelo Mahama e Cheng (2013) para se medir a percepção de benefícios do uso dos relatórios gerenciais, Widener (2007) para se medir a intensidade do uso dos relatórios e custo da atenção, e Baum e Wally (2003) para se medir a velocidade das decisões. Realizou-se também uma análise de dados quantitativa, combinando dados obtidos por survey com dados históricos da empresa. Os resultados apontaram que há uma relação estatística positiva e significante entre a percepção de benefício dos relatórios gerenciais e a intensidade de seu uso e que a intensidade de uso está positivamente associada a uma tomada de decisão mais veloz, eficiente e abrangente. Ademais, a maior velocidade de decisão está relacionada a melhores desempenhos financeiros e a maior abrangência da decisão está negativamente associada ao desempenho não financeiro e financeiro. A principal limitação do trabalho repousa no fato de que a pesquisa reflete a realidade de uma organização específica, portanto deve ser evitada qualquer generalização. Por outro lado, os resultados sugerem que a empresa deve investir na divulgação dos benefícios do uso dos relatórios gerenciais como forma de melhorar o desempenho organizacional.

Atherosclerosis is a disease of the cardiovascular system where a stenosis may develop in an artery which is an abnormal narrowing in the blood vessel that adversely affects the blood flow. Due to the constriction of the blood vessel, the flow is disturbed, forming a jet and recirculation downstream of the stenosis. Dynamic pressure fluctuations on the inner wall of the blood vessel leads to the vibration of the vessel structure and acoustic energy is propagated through the surrounding tissue that can be detected on the skin surface. Acoustic energy radiating from the interaction of blood flow and stenotic blood vessel carries valuable information from a diagnostic perspective. In this study, a constricted blood flow is modeled by using ADINA finite element analysis software together with the blood vessel in the form of a thin cylindrical shell with an idealized blunt constriction. The flow is considered as incompressible and Newtonian. Water properties at indoor temperature are used for the fluid model. The diameter of the modeled vessel is 6.4 mm with 87% area reduction at the throat of the stenosis. The flow is investigated for Reynolds numbers 1000 and 2000. The problem is handled in three parts which are rigid wall Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) solution, structural analysis of fluid filled cylindrical shell, and Fluid Structure Interaction (FSI) solutions of fluid flow and vessel structure. The pressure fluctuations and consequential vessel wall vibrations display broadband spectral content over a range of several hundred Hz with strong fluid-structural coupling. Maximum dynamic pressure and vibration amplitudes are observed around the reattachment point of the flow near the exit of the stenosis and this effect gradually decreases along downstream of flow. Results obtained by the numerical simulations are compared with relevant studies in the literature and it is concluded that ADINA can be used to investigate these types of problems involving high frequency pressure fluctuations of the fluid and the resulting vibratory motion of the surrounding blood vessel structure.

Mestrado em Contabilidade, Fiscalidade e Finanças Empresariais
Este estudo teve como objectivo analisar as relações entre perceived environmental uncertainty (PEU), estrutura organizacional, tecnologia e a utilização diagnóstica e interactiva dos sistemas de controlo de gestão (SCG) no sector financeiro português. O estudo é desenvolvido tendo por base a Teoria da Contingência e os Levers of Control e utiliza PLS-SEM para realizar as análises tendo por base dados de um inquérito realizado a 50 empresas do sector. Os resultados indicam que níveis mais elevados de PEU estão associados a estruturas organizacionais mais descentralizadas e com maiores níveis de especificação e especialização de tarefas. O estudo também indica que níveis mais elevados de PEU estão associados a uma utilização mais intensiva dos SCG de forma diagnóstica e interactiva. Adicionalmente, os resultados sugerem que as empresas mais centralizadas e com níveis mais baixos de especificação e especialização de tarefas tendem a utilizar de forma mais intensiva um menor número de SCG quando comparadas com empresas mais descentralizadas e com maiores níveis de especificação e especialização de tarefas. Finalmente, a associação entre tecnologia e a utilização diagnóstica e interactiva dos SCG não é suportada estatísticamente.
The purpose of this research is to explore the relationships between perceived environmental uncertainty (PEU), organizational structure, technology and management control systems (MCS) diagnostic and interactive uses in the Portuguese financial services industry. The study is built upon the Contingency Theory and the Levers of Control framework and employs PLS-SEM to conduct the analyses on data from a survey of 50 firms. Results indicate that higher levels of PEU are associated with organizational structures that are more decentralized and that exhibit a higher degree of specification and specialization of tasks. This study also finds that higher levels of PEU are associated with a more intense use of MCS for diagnostic and interactive purposes. Additionally, results suggest that firms exhibiting higher centralization and lower levels of task specification and specialization will tend to use more intensively a lower number of MCS than more decentralized firms with higher levels of specification and specialization of tasks. Finally, the association between technology and MCS diagnostic and interactive uses were not found to be statistically significant.

Increasing interest in productivity, safety and environmental issues have highlighted the area of maintenance and reliability. The increasing cost of maintenance covers both preservation and sustainable exploitation of resources and awareness in maintaining equipment in a way to ensure return on investment both in the short and long run. The information obtained from condition monitoring of existing turbine, plant, rails and pumps can provide an important basis for dimensioning of future systems and components. The main objective of this research work is to develop and apply methods for efficient condition monitoring, and hence reduce maintenance costs and provide a framework for development and implementation of computer based decision tools. Furthermore, methods enabling existing process data and cost effective transducers to be used together with modern data analysis and diagnostic tools for condition monitoring of complex mechanical systems have been examined and prototypes developed. The areas of investigation covered in this work are hydropower turbines, rails and the main cooling pumps in a nuclear power-plant. The interest in diagnostics for hydropower turbines was driven by the obvious risk of contamination of water by oil leaks and expensive refurbishments caused by wear of the Kaplan turbine vane bearings. The intrest in risk analysis was motivated by Vattenfall's intrest in gaining knowledge about the state of all turbines in the company. The aim of this project was to develop a generic model of hydropower turbine behavior using physics-based models based on material properties, load tolerances, etc.. An important question was whether it was possible to predict the wear rate and plan predictive replacement or maintenance. A systematic approach to find failure modes, their effects, their causes and consequences in combination with Fault Tree Analysis was needed. The objective of this project was to examine a systematic approach to map failure modes and their causes in an hydropower turbine. We have restricted the study to turbine units of the Kaplan, Francis and tube types. The objective of the study concerning rail track was to develop methods and equipment for detection of surface damage in rail track rail in addition to the present system of practice of visual examination. The equipment developed has to be used to obtain objective statistical data for evaluating maintenance methods and efforts. We have restricted the study to spalling and headchecks on the rail head surface and running edge. The method developed enables measurements of different types of surface damage such as spalling and shelling to be made with inductive transducers sensitive to the distance to the measured object. The assumption here is that the damage being detected is characterized by the absence of material from rail surface. The main object of condition monitoring of the cooling pumps was to be able to detect bearing wear in order to be able to plan and carry out restoration well ahead of breakdown or bearing seizure. The study was restricted to the main cooling pump motor and its main bearings. Condition monitoring of the pumps was done using a method based on current measurements. Analysis of the currents on the main cooling pump of the power plant proved that it is possible to monitor the condition of the pump in spite of the presence of electronic frequency converters which distorts the signal.

Godkänd; 2002; 20070222 (ysko)

Background: Strategic renewal is a phenomenon where companies decide to do strategic alterations with the aim to improve their stasis in the current market (Kiesler & Sproull, 1982). This can be accomplished in several ways; in this report the focus is on management control systems and how they are incorporated in the strategic implementation process in order to drive and generate renewal. Management control systems are considered to be an important aspect of the strategy process (Simons, 1994). Purpose: The purpose of this thesis is to analyze to what extent and in what form interactive and diagnostic management control systems are employed in large organizations in order to drive strategic renewal. Methodology: This is a qualitative research with an abductive approach that is based on a single case study. Through interviews we answer how management control systems are used in the implementation process of strategic renewal on different levels of an organization; we have made ten interviews with top-, middle- and operational management.  Conclusion: Our main finding is that the process of implementing a successful strategic renewal through the adoption of MCS is not a linear one. The process is continuous and conducted in a circular manner; this also implies the interrelation of the variables.

Cette thèse étudie la façon dont les gestionnaires utilisent les systèmes de contrôle de gestion comme des leviers de changement stratégique. Cette question est intéressante tant du point de vue théorique et une pratique. L'enquête se concentre sur le cas d'opérations de services industriels. Les spécificités de ce secteur - les flux immatériels, les compétences hétérogènes implication du client, - prendre son environnement particulièrement instable. Pendant ce temps, les forces de technologie de l'information époque les entreprises de services sans cesse procéder à des changements stratégiques à créer un avantage concurrentiel durable. Simons (1995, 2000) d 'un levier de contrôle de cadre est utilisé comme point de départ. Ce cadre propose deux repères extrêmes de classer les systèmes de contrôle de gestion: par rapport aux systèmes interactifs de diagnostic en fonction du degré d'implication du top management. Cette thèse développe deux idées nouvelles: premièrement, que le cadre de l'analyse pourrait être étendue à quatre dimensions: l'outil de gestion, la structure organisationnelle, l'utilisation du système de contrôle, et le système d'indemnisation, d'autre part, il explore la manière dont les quatre dimensions interagissent dans la pratique. La dimension outil provient de la littérature managériale sur les systèmes de contrôle. Il souligne l'importance de la coordination horizontale des flux de matières provenant de fournisseurs aux clients. La dimension organisationnelle est de la littérature sur la gestion de projet, ce qui élargit la coordination de cette question à de nouveaux produits et de nouveaux services. La dimension de compensation a déjà été mis en place par Simons, bien que cette dimension a rarement été exploré dans la pratique. Deux études de cas sont utilisées pour explorer la pertinence de cette grille. L'analyse porte sur plusieurs années où les changements stratégiques survenus, d'expliciter la manière dont ces changements ont été traduits dans les quatre dimensions de notre grille. Il semble que certaines configurations long de ces quatre dimensions sont plus efficaces que d'autres. Une configuration plus efficace à la fois présente des éléments interactifs et de diagnostic. Cette approche équilibrée, qui nous caractérisent des sociétés de services industriels, est présentée comme une idée intéressante à explorer dans de futures recherches. Conséquences en termes du rôle du contrôleur sont également discutées ..

The phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase/AKT (Protein Kinase B)/mammalian target of rapamycin (PI3K/AKT/mTOR) signalling pathway, downstream of tyrosine kinase receptors, is upregulated in human cancers including breast and colon cancers. Glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK 3) is a serine/threonine protein kinase plays important role in various cellular processes including glycogen synthesis mediated by insulin signalling pathway. Moreover, 5' adenosine monophosphate activated protein kinase (AMPK), a crucial cellular energy sensor, has regulatory role in cell growth and proliferation through mTOR pathway. Phosphatidylcholine (PtdCho) is the major phospholipid in the mammalian cell membranes and is mainly synthesized by the CDP-choline pathway. Malignant transformation has been reported to be associated with altered choline metabolism. Hyperactivation of the PI3K/AKT signalling pathway upregulates the key enzymes of phospholipid metabolism. The first line antidiabetic drug, metformin, modulates glucose and concomitant lipid metabolism through AMPK activation. Studies suggest phosphatidylcholine biosynthesis and breakdown through CDP-choline pathway are modulated by glucose metabolism and de novo fatty acid synthesis. Cancer cell growth inhibitory effect of PI3K/AKT/mTOR/GSK3 pathway inhibitors and metformin were investigated by cytotoxic assay, western blot and cell cycle analysis in breast and colon cancer cells. IC50 values of anticancer drugs and combination indices between drug combinations were determined. 31P-NMR was carried out on cell extracts after drug treatments. [14C (U)] glucose and [3H] choline incorporation into lipids were also determined. All inhibitors targeting PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway, GSK3 and metformin have cancer cell growth inhibition. By 31P-NMR, PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway inhibition induced agent-specific changes in PCho intensity. Increased UDP-sugars observed in breast and colon cancer cell extracts treated with LY294002 and AZD8055, an effect abrogated by inclusion of a GSK3 inhibitor. A link between glycolytic intermediates and phosphatidylcholine biosynthesis was investigated by metformin and GSK3 inhibitor in breast and colon cancer cells.

U radu se razmatra model sistema baziranog na Internet tehnologijama za psihometrijsku dijagnostiku.Sistem je baziran na kombinaciji sistema za upravljanje sadržajem (Content Management Systems, CMS) i sistema za podršku grupnom radu (Computer Supported Cooperative Work, CSCW), omogućava dijagnostiku kognitivnih sposobnosti putem multimedijalnih testova, kontrolu nad tokom testiranja, skladištenje i analizu podataka o korisnicima i rezultata testova, kao i platformu za kolaborativni naučno istraživački rad.
In this thesis is analyzed model of system based on Internet technologies for psychometrics diagnostics.System is based on combinations Content Management Systems, (CMS) and Computer Supported Cooperative Work, (CSCW). System enables: diagnostics cognitive capabilities using multimedial tests, control on process of diagnostics, recording data in databases, data analysis. System represent environment for collaborative scientific work.

En kris är vanligtvis förknippad med ett stort hot till företag och med en hög grad av osäkerhet. Varje krissituation är också unik vilket innebär att krishanteringen kommer att skilja sig åt beroende på den givna situationen. Coronavirusets utbrott utgör en global och unik kris som kommit att ställa restaurangbranschen inför en stor utmaning. Myndigheter har infört hårda restriktioner som har bidragit till ett minskat gästantal hos restaurangföretagen vilket resulterat i en minskad försäljning på kort tid. Med hänsyn till detta är syftet med denna studie att beskriva och förklara hur företag inom restaurangbranschen har hanterat rådande Coronakris. Syftet uppnås genom att jämföra restaurangföretagens strategier under Coronapandemin. Mer specifikt uppnås detta genom en kvalitativ studie i form av semistrukturerade intervjuer med elva restaurangföretag i Norrbotten. Restaurangföretagens sätt att hantera Coronapandemin har sedan analyserats utifrån Contingency Theory, Simons LOC med utgångspunkt i interaktiva- och diagnostiska styrsystem samt teorin om den ideala användningen av ekonomistyrning. Studiens slutsatser visar att det finns många likheter i hur restaurangföretagen har hanterat och fortfarande hanterar den rådande Coronakrisen. Nya intäktsställen, finansiella åtgärder för att minska kostnader och förändring i planeringen har varit återkommande strategier för att överleva krisen. Resultatet visar att dessa strategier indikerar på ett möjlighetssökande beteende som stimulerar lärande, idéskapande och kreativitet samt uppmuntrar till dialog och debatt vilket tyder på att interaktiva styrsystem har en betydelsefull roll för att anpassa sig till rådande situation och bemöta de osäkerheter som uppstår under en krissituation. Studiens resultat visar även att många av restaurangföretagen upplever ett ökat behov av kontroll under osäkra perioder och nämner budget som en relevant kontrollmekanism, vilket tyder på ett diagnostiskt arbetssätt. Huvudslutsatsen blir därför att restaurangföretagen främst arbetar interaktivt men till viss del även diagnostiskt i sitt sätt att hantera Coronakrisen, vilket tyder på en viss balans mellan dessa styrsystem.
A crisis is usually associated with high uncertainity and with a major threat to companies. Each crisis is also unique, which means that every situation will be handled differently. The Coronavirus outbreak is a global and unique crisis that has posed a major challenge to the restaurant industry. Authorities have introduced restrictions that have limited the amount of guests at restaurants, which has in a short time frame resulted in reduced sales. With this in mind, the purpose of this study is to describe and explain how companies in the restaurant industry have managed the current Coronacrisis. The purpose is achieved by comparing the restaurants´ strategies during the Coronapandemic. More specifically, this is achieved through a qualitative study through semi-structured interviews with eleven restaurants in Norrbotten. The restaurants´ way of manage the Coronacrisis has then been analyzed from Contingency Theory, Simon´s LOC based on interactive- and diagnostic control systems and the theory of the ideal use of management control systems. The conclusion of the study show that there are many similarities in how restaurants have managed and still manage the current Coronacrisis. New revenue streams, financial measures to reduce costs and changes in planning have been recurring strategies for surviving the crisis. The results show that these strategies indicate on an opportunity-seeking behaviour that stimulates learning, creativity and encourages dialouge and debate. This, in turn, shows that interactive control systems play a significant role in adapting to the current situation and responding to the uncertainties that arise during a situation of crisis. The results of the study also show that many of the restaurants experience an increased need of control during uncertain times and mention budget as a relevant control mechanism, which indicates on a diagnostic approach. The main conclusion is therefore that the restaurants mainly work interactively but to some extent also diagnostically in their way of managing the Coronacrisis, which indicates on a certain balance between these control systems.

Les maladies rénales concernent 5 millions de personnes en France et ce nombre ne cesse de croître compte tenu de l'augmentation de l'espérance de vie et de l'évolution de nos modes de vie (sédentarité, alimentation). La prise en charge des malades est actuellement peu efficace en raison d'un diagnostic trop tardif et de notre méconnaissance des mécanismes complexes qui régissent leur progression. L'étude du protéome urinaire s'est imposée comme un excellent moyen pour découvrir des biomarqueurs des néphropathies et ainsi mieux comprendre les mécanismes physiopathologiques. La biologie des systèmes permet d'exploiter l'information moléculaire contenue dans l'urine pour en déduire l'organisation globale des réseaux de régulation dans le tissu rénal malade. C'est dans ce contexte que se situe ce travail de thèse. Deux problématiques ont été abordées dans cette thèse : La première relève de la compréhension des mécanismes physiopathologiques : " Comment identifier de nouveaux acteurs clés dans le développement des maladies rénales à partir de l'analyse de la composition moléculaire de l'urine ? " . L'information du protéome urinaire se limitant majoritairement aux protéines excrétées, il est essentiel d'avoir à disposition des méthodes d'analyses bio-informatiques pour "remonter" aux protéines clés présentes dans le tissu rénal, mais non excrétées dans l'urine. Ce type de méthodes étant peu utilisé en néphrologie, nous avons développé un outil méthodologique fiable pour identifier in silico de nouveaux acteurs clés des maladies rénales à partir de l'analyse du protéome urinaire. Ce nouvel outil, appelé PRYNT (PRioritization bY causal NeTwork), repose sur l'utilisation des interactions protéine-protéine associée à une méthode de priorisation pour repérer les protéines du réseau qui interagissent préférentiellement avec les biomarqueurs protéines urinaires. La seconde problématique s'inscrit dans une démarche de médecine diagnostique, la question étant : " Comment détecter la présence d'une maladie rénale ou prédire son évolution à partir de l'analyse de la composition de l'urine ? ". J'ai développé une approche quantitative pour proposer une réponse à cette question. J'ai ensuite appliqué cette approche au métabolome de l'urine et au peptidome du liquide amniotique qui reflètent la fonction rénale. La modélisation et les méthodes statistiques permettent dans ce contexte de prédire la maladie
Kidney disease affects about 5 million people in France mostly due to the increase in life expectancy and the evolution of our lifestyles (sedentary living, diet). Patient management is currently largely ineffective due to late diagnosis and our lack of understanding of the complex mechanisms that govern its progression. The study of the urinary proteome has emerged as an excellent way to discover biomarkers of nephropathies and thus to better understand the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms. Systems biology allows the molecular information contained in urine to be used to understand the overall organization of the regulatory networks in the diseased kidney tissue. In my thesis we have applied systems biology with two aims : The first aim was to improve the understanding of the pathophysiological mechanisms of kidney disease based on the analysis of urine molecular composition. Since the information in urinary proteome is mainly limited to excreted proteins, it is essential to have bioinformatic analysis methods available to "trace back" the key proteins present in the kidney tissue, but not excreted in the urine. Since this type of method is not widely used in nephrology, I have developed a methodological tool to identify in silico new key actors in kidney disease from the analysis of the urinary proteome. This new tool, called PRYNT (PRioritization bY causal NeTworks), is based on the use of protein-protein interactions with a prioritization method to identify proteins in the network that preferentially interact with urinary protein biomarkers. The second aim of my thesis was to develop systems biology approaches for the detection and progression of kidney disease using the molecular composition of urine. We developed a quantitative approach to propose an answer to these questions. I then applied this approach to the analysis of the urinary metabolome and amniotic fluid peptidome. Modelling and statistical methods allowed in these contexts to predict the presence of kidney disease and its progression

Le travail présenté dans ce document a pour but la mise en oeuvre d'un système de segmentation d'Images de Résonance Magnétique (IRM) cérébrales qui permette de tirer parti de plusieurs approches complémentaires en réponse à la complexité du problème posé. Face à la diversité des approches existant pour la segmentation (classification, modèles déformables,...) nous montrons que l'on peut définir un cadre de travail commun qui permette la mise en oeuvre de coopération entre des approches hétérogènes. Le cadre méthodologique que nous avons défini s'articule autour des notions d'apprentissage et d'adaptativité. L'apprentissage permet d'introduire des connaissances a priori, explicites, sur le contexte de travail sous la forme d'un modèle statistique déformable du contour du cerveau. L'information qui en résulte est exploitée pour spécialiser localement des agents de segmentation, ce qui confère au système son adaptativité. Nous avons mis en oeuvre trois grands principes de coopération pour réaliser la combinaison d'informations : (i) coopération par initialisation, qui exploite le résultat d'une méthode pour initialiser une seconde méthode, (ii) coopération par fusion d'informations, qui permet de tirer parti de la fusion de plusieurs sources d'informations complémentaires pour guider une phase de traitement, (iii)coopération par rétroaction, qui permet de revenir sur le processus complet de segmentation pour l'affiner ou encore pour transmettre des informations entre images. L'ensemble du travail a été validé sur des images synthétiques fournies par le Montreal Neurological Institute et illustré sur un ensemble d'images réelles.

碩士
逢甲大學
自動控制工程所
100
During the last several decades, there has been a dramatic increase in the number of publications on computer-assisted diagnostic system of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). The relevant equipments and diagnostic systems in recent years had increased noticeably. However, the data could not communicate between different systems, due to the difference in the data format. Therefore, the aim of this research is to develop an interactive online diagnostic platform of traditional Chinese medicine with a function of multimedia data mining system. This model provided the fundamentals of data format, database, online platform, interaction, and data mining functions. We have developed the web-based interactive online diagnostic platform for TCM, and the platform provides the user can share the data in a standard format. To conclude, through this model of interactive and data exchange for multimedia data of TCM, the system can be helpful to provide the fundamental service of data management, data exchange, and data mining.

博士
國立成功大學
電機工程學系碩博士班
91
Using medical image analysis for diagnosis and treatment of disease relies on the recognition and identification of the organs as one prerequisite step. Once the organ contour has been identified, several objectives can be fulfilled easily such as three dimensional treatment planning, organ volume computing, disease diagnosis, and so on. As such, recognition and identification of the organs is an important pre-processing during analysis. However, analysis of abdominal medical image is more difficult because there are several organs in abdominal images and the tissues usually show overlapping gray levels. The dissertation proposes to identify abdominal organs from CT (Computerized Tomography) image series, by combining a multi-module contextual neural network, fuzzy rules, and fuzzy-inference-based RBF (Radial Basis Function) neural network. The multi-module contextual neural network is to segment each image slice through a divide-and-conquer concept embedded within multiple neural network modules, where the results obtained from each module are forwarded to other modules for integration, in which contextual constraints are enforced. With this approach, the difficulties arising from partial volume effects, gray level similarities of adjacent organs, and contrast media affect can be reduced to the extreme. To address the issue of high variations in organ position and shape, fuzzy inference is adopted. In this dissertation, a RBF network is implemented to perform the fuzzy inference for recognizing the organ of interest due to its properties of the local model and the functional equivalence between the fuzzy inference systems. This approach has been tested on more than forty sets of abdominal CT images, where each set consists of about 40 image slices, and the experimental results show the high promise of the proposed method. While diagnosis of abdominal diseases usually relies on various areas of experts, in view of the fast development of telecommunication, this dissertation also design the abdominal organ identification into an interactive cooperative system where physicians could deliver their discussions on the diagnosis and identification results on the provided system. The interactive telemedicine system is built with CSCW (Computer-Supported Cooperative Work), DICOM (Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine) standard, security functions, image processing/analysis tools, and streaming management. The built-in CSCW creates a collaborative consultation environment for synchronous interactive face-to-face discussion. The security functions provide the privacy and integrity in patient data transmission. The DICOM standard enables the medical image access to the PACS (Picture Archiving and Communication System) connecting with various imaging modalities. The image processing/analysis tools supported by CSCW functions provide useful tools for physicians to examine the images, and short-code messages are defined to transmit the image operation command for maintaining the system consistency between users. The streaming management module dynamically tunes the sending rate of the data according to its priority and the available bandwidth to accommodate the transmission to different network situations. These functions are tested on the NGN (Next Generation Network) transmission for its characteristics including transmission latency, jitter, data loss rate, and multicast performance. The experiments show that adopting the short-code message drastically reduces the bandwidth requirement and also the user waiting time, under which the basic bandwidth requirement of the system during consultation is about 160 Kbps.

碩士
國立暨南國際大學
資訊管理學系
89
The active of test and evaluation is a very important part in the domain of Computer-Assisted Instruction (CAI) and distance learning. But the general methods that to evaluate students can’t diagnose the students’ learning barriers and blind spots, researchers purposed the method of concept inheritance relationship that use the “Concept Inheritance Graph” to find out students’ assisted learning path deeply. In order to construct a concept inheritance graph that can reflect students’ needs is not only complex and spend time but also lose its effect by some unofficially. So we purposed the “Interactive concept relationship construction assisted system” that can accord students’ grade to generate concept inheritance graph automatic by “Apriori for concept algorithm” or “generalize concept relationship algorithm”. The system cannot only assist teachers to construct concept inheritance graph but also reflect students’ situation more accurate. In addition, we find out the higher discriminability of an examination paper can generate concept inheritance graph more detailed. When the constructor of courses is more connected, the concept inheritance graph that system generated can fit in with teachers’ objects. In feature, we will observe situations that teachers and students use the system to improve system’s effect. In addition, we will analyze data that generate by users use this system, such as: parameters, discriminability of examination papers, subject, and etc. to suggest the concept inheritance graph most satisfactorily automatic.

by Ping-Fu Fung.
Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1998.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 98-102).
Abstract also in Chinese.
Abstract --- p.iv
Acknowledgements --- p.vi
Chapter 1 --- Introduction --- p.1
Chapter 1.1 --- Medical Visualization System --- p.4
Chapter 1.1.1 --- Data Acquisition --- p.4
Chapter 1.1.2 --- Computer-aided Medical Visualization --- p.5
Chapter 1.1.3 --- Existing Systems --- p.6
Chapter 1.2 --- Research Goal --- p.8
Chapter 1.2.1 --- System Architecture --- p.9
Chapter 1.3 --- Organization of this Thesis --- p.10
Chapter 2 --- Volume Visualization --- p.11
Chapter 2.1 --- Sampling Grid and Volume Representation --- p.11
Chapter 2.2 --- Priori Work in Volume Rendering --- p.13
Chapter 2.2.1 --- Surface VS Direct --- p.14
Chapter 2.2.2 --- Image-order VS Object-order --- p.18
Chapter 2.2.3 --- Orthogonal VS Perspective --- p.22
Chapter 2.2.4 --- Hardware Acceleration VS Software Acceleration --- p.23
Chapter 2.3 --- Chapter Summary --- p.29
Chapter 3 --- IsoRegion Leaping Technique for Perspective Volume Rendering --- p.30
Chapter 3.1 --- Compositing Projection in Direct Volume Rendering --- p.31
Chapter 3.2 --- IsoRegion Leaping Acceleration --- p.34
Chapter 3.2.1 --- IsoRegion Definition --- p.35
Chapter 3.2.2 --- IsoRegion Construction --- p.37
Chapter 3.2.3 --- IsoRegion Step Table --- p.38
Chapter 3.2.4 --- Ray Traversal Scheme --- p.41
Chapter 3.3 --- Experiment Result --- p.43
Chapter 3.4 --- Improvement --- p.47
Chapter 3.5 --- Chapter Summary --- p.48
Chapter 4 --- Parallel Volume Rendering by Distributed Processing --- p.50
Chapter 4.1 --- Multi-platform Loosely-coupled Parallel Environment Shell --- p.51
Chapter 4.2 --- Distributed Rendering Pipeline (DRP) --- p.55
Chapter 4.2.1 --- Network Architecture of a Loosely-Coupled System --- p.55
Chapter 4.2.2 --- Data and Task Partitioning --- p.58
Chapter 4.2.3 --- Communication Pattern and Analysis --- p.59
Chapter 4.3 --- Load Balancing --- p.69
Chapter 4.4 --- Heterogeneous Rendering --- p.72
Chapter 4.5 --- Chapter Summary --- p.73
Chapter 5 --- User Interface --- p.74
Chapter 5.1 --- System Design --- p.75
Chapter 5.2 --- 3D Pen Input Device --- p.76
Chapter 5.3 --- Visualization Environment Integration --- p.77
Chapter 5.4 --- User Interaction: Interactive Navigation --- p.78
Chapter 5.4.1 --- Camera Model --- p.79
Chapter 5.4.2 --- Zooming --- p.81
Chapter 5.4.3 --- Image View --- p.82
Chapter 5.4.4 --- User Control --- p.83
Chapter 5.5 --- Chapter Summary --- p.87
Chapter 6 --- Conclusion --- p.88
Chapter 6.1 --- Final Summary --- p.88
Chapter 6.2 --- Deficiency and Improvement --- p.89
Chapter 6.3 --- Future Research Aspect --- p.91
Appendix --- p.93
Chapter A --- Common Error in Pre-multiplying Color and Opacity --- p.94
Chapter B --- Binary Factorization of the Sample Composition Equation --- p.96