Дисертації з теми "Interactions protéine – protéine (IPP)"
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Alleman, Cécile. "Accès synthétique au châssis [5-8-5] de la fusicoccine-A pour la synthèse d’analogues simplifiés en vue d'étudier les interactions protéine-protéine." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Rennes (2023-....), 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023URENS090.
In biological media, protein-protein interactions (PPI) are of huge importance, as they allow the regulation of many cellular events. PPI classically involve two partners: an adapter protein and its effector protein(s) regulated either in a positive or a negative manner. Inhibition of PPI has thus been considered as a solid therapeutic approach. On the other hand, stabilization of PPI remains scarcely investigated, but may lead to new promising approaches. This project focuses on the 14-3-3 family adapter protein which interacts with more than 200 protein partners. Among them, p53 protein is subjected to a lot of studies as this tumor suppressor protein regulates multiple biological processes (DNA repair, apoptosis). However, those major functions appear to be silenced in most cancer cases, thus allowing tumor cells proliferation. Some studies have shown that stabilization of the 14-3-3/p53 pair with the help of a molecular glue permitted to restore tumor suppressor activity of p53. Among the examined molecular glues, the fusicoccin-A (FC-A) natural product is shown to lodge in the valley formed by 14-3-3 and increases stabilization of the 14-3-3/p53 interaction. In this context, to enlarge the p53/14-3-3 molecular glue library, this project focuses on the access to simplified FC-A analogs through the synthesis of tricyclic scaffold. [6-8-5] analogs from an aromatic substrate are envisaged, as well as [5-8-5] analogs from a cyclopentane derivative, closer to the target structure. Various strategies have been explored in order to access these analogs
Kuenemann, Mélaine. "Etude de l'espace chimique des modulateurs d'interactions protéine-protéine et leurs applications en chimie biologie." Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015USPCC215.
Protein-protein interactions (PPI) represent a wealth of potential therapeutic targets. However targeting them with synthetic compounds represent a major challenge. The aim of this thesis was to find a way to overcome these challenges by studying the physicochemical profile of PPI inhibitors (aka chemical space). We firstly manually collected structures, pharmacological and physicochemical profiles of inhibitors of PPI (iPPI) in a database named iPPI-DB. Then, we identified new iPPI properties to favour and that did not preclude further drug development. Indeed, 4 descriptors were found specific to iPPI and that do not rely on the hydrophobicity and on the size. They represent either the 3D shape of the compounds or the distribution of their hydrophobic/hydrophilic interacting regions. This opens new ways to design and select iPPI. In a second analysis, we further validated these properties on larger datasets and address the disparity between PPI families. We could demonstrate that comparable classes of PPI targets can identified using separately their target- or their ligand-space. This analysis may help to prioritize the desired physicochemical properties of iPPI using class-specific profiles. Finally, using a combination virtual screening and cell viability assay, we were able to identify 6 compounds that inhibit the interaction between TRAIL and DR5 implied in HIV (human immunodeficiency virus)
Chamoun, Jean. "Contribution du couplage CE-ICP/MS dans l'étude des interactions métals-protéine non-covalentes." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005STR13090.
The screening of metal/protein interactions using CE coupled to ICP/MS was investigated. The development of this new analytical tool requires, besides the hyphenation of the two techniques, both an efficient separation of the proteins and a sensitive detection of metals. The optimization of the electrophoretic separation of a protein-test mixture led to the use of a borate buffer, pH 9. 2, which both minimizes adsorption and allows the separation of all proteins’ mixture with a good migration times reproducibility. The hyphenation between capillary electrophoresis and ICP/MS was performed using a sheath flow interface. The optimization of parameters, such as coolant, auxiliary and nebulizer gases, composition and flowrate of the sheath flow solution and position of the capillary in the nebulizer was carried out in order to obtain the best detection sensitivity and separation efficiency. However, this type of interface involves important samples dilutions, which led us to develop an on-line preconcentration technique in order to improve the detection limits. The detection limits calculated for the copper and zinc contained in the carbonic anhydrase, the less efficiently concentrated protein, showed an improvement of the detection limits in CE-ICP/MS of 6 times for copper and 5 times for zinc. CE-ICP/MS was then used in the study of the interactions of three transition metals (Cd, Co and Ni) with a mixture of proteins made of metalloproteins and major blood serum proteins. These studies revealed a similar behavior of cobalt and nickel, completely different from that of cadmium. In the case of the metalloproteins, hyphenated CE-ICP/MS allowed to identify the probable nature of the interaction sites. Moreover, this method allowed studies on the relative affinity of various metals with a mixture of proteins. The dissociative aspect of the separation was also exploited in order to obtain kinetic data which allowed the access to the dissociation constants of the complexes and in certain cases, highlighted the presence of multiple interaction sites. Finally, the technique was applied to so-called “hard cations”: lanthanides and uranyl ion (UO22+). The first results showed a massive adsorption of these cations on the capillaries surface. Nevertheless, the studies, carried out on a mixture of six proteins, previously identified as uranium-targets, showed that four of them interact with the uranium, among which albumin and transferrin
Becker, Emmanuelle. "Prédictions bioinformatiques des propriétés des domaines de reconnaissance peptidique." Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00553471.
Pinet, Louise. "Structural and functional investigation of the C-terminal intrinsically disordered fragment of ErbB2." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SACLS375/document.
ErbB2/HER2 is a receptor tyrosine kinase of the EGFR (ErbB1) family overexpressed in 20% of breast cancers and associated to a particularly aggressive form of the disease. ErbB receptors are only active upon dimerization that enables phosphorylation of their C-terminal tail by their tyrosine kinase domain. Phosphorylation then triggers interaction with adaptor proteins and activation of signaling pathways, mainly Ras/MAPK and Akt/PI3K. Those pathways control cell proliferation, motility and resistance to apoptosis. Contrary to ErbB1/3/4, ErbB2 can dimerize without any ligand. Understanding other mechanisms of regulation of its tyrosine phosphorylation and of its interactions is thus particularly interesting.ErbB2 structure and function have been extensively studied. This has led to the development of several FDA-approved targeted drugs, that are effective but to which resistance occurs, amongst which the Trastuzumab antibody that targets ErbB2 extracellular domain. The C-terminal tail of ErbB2 (CtErbB2) has been widely ignored in these studies. Since it is intrinsically disordered, the concepts and tools to study it have only emerged in the last few years.In the present work, I have performed the structural and dynamic study of CtErbB2. I showed that despite its lack of any stable structure, this proline-rich region exhibits several transient secondary structures and a long-range contact that might participate in the regulation of its intra- and inter-molecular interactions. Then, I characterized the adaptor protein Grb2, which is a partner of ErbB2 that is essential for the activation of the MAPK pathway. The solution organization of the domains of this modular protein in its apo-form was unknown so far. I also studied the interaction between Grb2 and CtErbB2, showing that in addition to the known SH2-phosphotyrosine interaction, a polyproline motif of CtErbB2 binds to the N-terminal SH3 domain of Grb2. Finally, I implemented several strategies to phosphorylate CtErbB2 tyrosines, to study more extensively the effect of phosphorylation on the whole tail
Boudoukha, Selim. "Étude de la régulation post-transcriptionnelle de l’expression des gènes par la protéine de liaison à l’ARN IMP-2 au cours de la myogenèse." Thesis, Paris 11, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA11T095/document.
The RNA-binding proteins IMPs (IGF-II mRNA binding protein) first discovered in rhabdomyosarcoma cells (RMS) are expressed during embryonic development but their expression is decreased in adult tissues.We showed that IMPs and particularly IMP-2 are strongly expressed in mouse myoblatsts, during early regeneration of skeletal muscle in vivo and in and RMS. IMP-2 loss of function experiments using siRNA have shown that IMP-2 is necessary for microtubules stability(MTs), cell motility and invasion of myoblasts and RMS.Expression of IMP-2 specifically increases MTs stability by an enrichment of detyrosinated tubulin Glu-tubulin. Detyrosination is indispensable for myogenic differentiation and plays substantial role in tumor growth. Additionaly, MTs stabilization play an important role in focal adhesion remodeling, in cytoskeleton integrity, cell adhesion and cell motility.To get new insight into molecular mechanism underlying the function of IMP-2 in MTs stability and cell motility, full ranscriptome analysis was performed between IMP-2 knockdown (KD) myoblasts and control myoblatsts. We have further shown that IMP-2 controls the mRNA levels of many important mediators of cell adhesion such as PINCH-2, as well as multiple cytoskeleton remodeling, such as MuRF-3.We have identified a number of functionally relevant protein partners of IMP-2.Moreover subsequent RNAi screens have revealed the importance of IMP-2 regulated transcripts involved in cell motility and cell adhesion In conclusion, we show that IMP-2 dependent regulation of mRNA such as MuRF3 and PINCH2 largely contributes to the motility –deficient in IMP-2 KD cells. Moreover these results indicate clearly, that further analysis of IMP2 protein partners and RNA targets regulated by IMP-2 will help to characterized the function of IMP-2 and to propose a model of IMP-2 transcriptional regulation of gene expression in myoblasts and RMS cells
Milhas, Sabine. "Développement d'outils pour l'étude des interactions protéine-protéine." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016AIXM4020.
In my thesis I became interested in protein-protein interactions (PPI's). PPI's play a major role in a variety of cellular processes and are now considered a major target in order to develop new drugs. However, targeting such interactions requires the development of dedicated libraries, to accelerate the discovery of “hits”molecules .To overcome this issue, a focused chemical library PPI (2P2I3D) was designed in the laboratory.At first, I evaluated this chemical library on different complexes with diverse interfaces. The results showed higher hit rate to those obtained with non-oriented libraries, from 0.2 to 1.6% against 0.01 to 0.1%, respectively. This study has established a proof of concept of the feasibility of creating a focused chemical library PPI, thus accelerating the discovery of biologically active compounds.Secondly, I am interested in the interaction between two major proteins of dengue virus: the NS3 and NS5 proteins. I initially identified and characterized a novel interaction site, which allowed me to demonstrate that this interaction had the effect of increasing the enzymatic activity of the helicase domain. I searched and identified small molecules able to inhibit this interaction. The different characterizations helped to highlight an antiviral effect. These inhibitors are an excellent starting point to further explore the biological role of this complex
Herrada, Isaline. "Etude des interactions protéine-protéine à l'enveloppe nucléaire." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015SACLS278/document.
During my PhD, several papers revealed that the inner nuclear membrane (INM) proteins, andespecially emerin, lamin A, SUN1, actin and BAF, played an essential role in the mechanicalproperties of the nucleus and the cell. The nuclear envelope assembly and the interactions betweenthese proteins are regulated by phosphorylation and oligomerization events. My aim was to describemolecular events essential for inner nuclear envelope assembly as a first step to understand how thenuclear envelope responds to a mechanical stress.I first characterized the oligomerization and phosphorylation states of the protein emerin. I showedthat this protein is capable of forming, in vitro and in cells, large oligomers essential to its interactionwith lamin A. I also observed that several emerin mutations leading to Emery-Dreifuss musculardystrophy impaired the self-association properties of this protein.In parallel, I studied the interactions between emerin, lamin, SUN1, actin and BAF in vitro. I was ableto demonstrate direct interactions between the C-terminal domain of lamin A and the proteins emerin,actin and SUN1. These three proteins bind lamin A on different surfaces suggesting the existence ofcomplexes of 3 or 4 proteins in the cell. Analysis of the mechanisms regulating interactions betweenthese proteins should be pursued in order to understand what are the molecular events responsible forthe maintenance of nuclear integrity and the transmission of a mechanical signal between thecytoskeleton and the nucleoskeleton
Lugari, Adrien. "Spécificité et inhibition des interactions protéine-protéine : Exemples d'approches." Thesis, Aix-Marseille 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011AIX10210.
Protein-protein interactions (PPIs) participate in and regulate almost all essential cellular functions. As a consequence, they are frequently involved in various pathologies (going from cancer development to viral replication and host cell infection) but their study remains a challenge.Thus understanding those interactions as well as finding small drug candidates able to modulate them, a field of research not currently fully developed, appear as the future of the healthcare industry.In this context, I chose to learn different techniques to study PPIs that are usually employed in academic (IMR laboratory, CNRS, France) or corporate environments (Genentech, USA). Moreover, I also worked on the development of small organic inhibitors of PPIs coupling in silico methodologies (chemo-informatics, Drug Design) to biological and structural validations.During my PhD, I could manage and work on different projects involving the study of PPIs involved in cancer signaling pathways as well as the development of potent antiviral drugs targeting the HIV and SARS viruses.My organizational, personal and scientific skills as well as the practical experience I developed on various techniques (from cell biology to biophysics, structural biochemistry and Drug Design), make me feel confident on the management of PPIs drug discovery projects.I am thus able to efficiently work on, and manage, the study of protein-protein interactions in various pathologies as well as the development of potent PPIs inhibitors, that will be a major breakthrough for Biotech/Pharma companies in the coming years
Costenaro, Lionel. "Interactions faibles protéine – protéine en solution : La malate déshydrogénase halophile." Phd thesis, Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2001. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00007698.
Dans quelle mesure les interactions protéine – solvant influencent-elles les interactions protéine – protéine ? Nous avons mis en relation ces deux types d'interactions pour la malate déshydrogénase (Hm MalDH) de Haloarcula marismortui, protéine halophile très acide qui a des solvatations variées et très riches en eau et en sel.
Nous avons développé une nouvelle méthode de détermination du second coefficient du viriel A2 par la modélisation des profils de vitesse de sédimentation en ultracentrifugation analytique, qui permet l'étude de solvants complexes.
Les interactions protéine – protéine de la Hm MalDH en divers sels ont été caractérisées par diffusion de neutrons ou de rayons X aux petits angles. Les A2 et les facteurs de structure en solution ont été modélisés par des potentiels d'interaction de type DLVO. Les interactions répulsives sont principalement dues au terme de volume exclu et dans une moindre mesure au terme électrostatique. Les interactions attractives sont qualitativement corrélées à des valeurs positives ou négatives des paramètres d'interaction préférentielle avec le sel. Ces résultats permettent d'expliquer l'adaptation moléculaire des protéines halophiles qui doivent ainsi avoir une solvatation riche en sel pour rester soluble à haut sel.
La cristallisation par dilution de la Hm MalDH dans des mélanges sel – MPD (méthyl-2-pentanediol-2,4) résulte d'une lente évolution des interactions protéine – protéine, de répulsives à modérément attractives. Le MPD modifie les interactions protéine – protéine en divers sels en ajoutant une attraction qui est liée à la répulsion du MPD par les charges de la protéine.
Jagot, Lacoussière Léonard. "Interactions protéine-protéine dans le contrôle de l'apoptose : Développements thérapeutiques." Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015USPCC218.
My work is based on the identification and the biological characterization of new molecules implicated in the apoptotic response by the study of protein interactions. Our goal is to produce small molecules effective against cancer cells by the control of protein-protein interactions. My work has two main axes. Le first one is focused on the non-apoptotic functions of the Apaf-1 protein in the stress response induced by anti-cancer agents through the arrest of the cell cycle. This role of Apaf-1 requires a redistribution of the protein from the cytoplasm to the nucleus and its nuclear translocation seems to be a positive prognosis for patients with non-small cell lung cancer. I show that this process of redistribution of Apaf-1 from the cytoplasm to the nucleus, dependent on the DNA damage, is mediated by an interaction between the protein and the nucleoporin NUP107. The second axe is based on the validation of the inactivation of the AAC-11 protein as a therapeutic strategy for the cancer. This protein, initially identified as a survival protein in the absence of growth factors, is overexpressed in a large number of tumor tissues and is essential to their survival. It interacts with its partners through a leucine-zipper domain and we have developed cell penetrating peptides targeting this domain, preventing the interaction between AAC-11 and its protein partners and interfering with its functions. My work is based on the evaluation of these peptides and on their optimization
Andreani, Jessica. "Analyse évolutive, prédiction structurale et inhibition des interactions protéine-protéine." Paris 6, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA066291.
Les interactions protéine-protéine sont fondamentales dans la plupart des processus cellulaires. Cette thèse est centrée sur l’analyse et la prédiction de ces interactions en utilisant à la fois les données structurales et l’information issue de l’évolution. A travers l’étude de plus de 1000 couples d’interfaces homologues, extraits d’une base de données développée dans notre équipe, nous avons mis en évidence une plasticité étonnante dans l’évolution de la structure des interfaces. Nous avons cependant identifié des propriétés assez conservées qui fournissent des pistes pour l’extraction d’information à partir des alignements de séquences multiples de deux partenaires en interaction. Nous avons ensuite développé une fonction de score « gros grain » utilisant un potentiel statistique multi-corps couplé à l’information évolutive. Cette fonction améliore les prédictions d’interfaces protéiques et a été utilisée dans deux cas concrets d’amarrage moléculaire. Enfin, nous avons développé un protocole bio-informatique robuste pour le design d’inhibiteurs peptidiques d’une interaction protéine-protéine
Betzi, Stéphane. "Inhibition des interactions protéine/protéine : application à la conception d'antiviraux." Aix-Marseille 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008AIX11008.
My thesis focused on the future of biomedical research. We have developed for this purpose a protocol allowing to speed-up the discovery of new bio-active molecules targeting the interactions between two proteins. Using this protocol that we call "2P2I approach", acronym of Protein/Protein Interaction Inhibition, we proposes to combine molecular modeling methods for small molecules screening (in silico screening) with experimental screening using in vitro and cellular assays. It permits to create and adapt a fast and efficient strategy to design bio-active compounds according the biological subject specificities (known structures, known inhibitors, directed mutagenesis data) and applicable in academic research programs. The manuscript describes how we applied the 2P2I approach to several research projects to design antiviral drugs as well as the modeling tools and strategies we developed
Parra, Julien. "Sulfoprotéomique : développement analytique et rôle dans les processus d'interactions protéine / protéine." Thesis, Evry-Val d'Essonne, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014EVRY0045.
Sulfoproteomics term designs protein sulfation studies. It appears during the 2000’s, when the interest for others Post-Translational Modifications (PTMs) than phosphorylation and glycosylation was growing up. Even though sulfation is thought to be an important PTM, a weak number of publications has emerged about it, notably if we compare with the huge quantity of phosphorylation papers. This difference is mainly due to the difficulty to correctly analyze sulfated proteins and peptides in the classical ways of proteomics, as in mass spectrometry for example. The goal of this thesis is to develop mass spectrometry methods dedicated to the characterization of sulfated species, in order to improve the knowledge of this PTM. To do that, we have mainly used negative ion mode, which is almost never used, with two fragmentations techniques for the MS/MS spectra, which are CID and HCD. Results obtained allow us to pinpoint an analytical method allowing the differentiation between sulfation and phosphorylation (they are isobaric), based on the presence of specific ion for each PTM in MS/MS. In another part of the project, we have investigated the role of sulfation in the interaction between a cellular receptor, CXCR4, and its in vivo ligand, the chemokine SDF-1/CXCL12. We used capillary electrophoresis for this work, and it could be a good basis for future analyses using capillary electrophoresis coupled with mass spectrometry, in order to have a better characterization of the observed complexes
Roy, Marie-Odile. "Caractérisation structurale et étude des interactions protéine-protéine et protéine-lipides de dérivés acyles de ribonucléase." Montpellier 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997MON13524.
Guigou, Ludovic. "L'arginyl-ARNt synthétase de mammifère : rôle des interactions protéine-protéine et protéine-ARN sur son activité." Paris 11, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA112141.
Each aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase catalyze the esterification of its cognate amino acid to the 3'-end of its cognate tRNA(s). Some aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases (aaRSs) catalyze the amino acid activation step only in the presence of a cognate tRNA. This behaviour has been studied in Arginyl-tRNA synthetase (ArgRS) from hamster. Our results show that three contact points with the tRNA molecule are important in the activation step : bases A76, A20 and C35. These three bases must be presented by a tRNA possessing both rigidity (intact " L " shape) and flexibility (provided by G-U base-pairs). We conclude that the triggering of the activation step in ArgRS implies an induced-fit mechanism. Enzymes from the multi-aaRSs complex found in higher eukaryotes display additional basic domains, some of them interacting with tRNAs. We show that these domains increase the affinity of the enzymes of the complex for their specific tRNAs only. Thus, the catalytic body of each enzyme determines its specificity, while the additionnal basic domains increase the affinity of the enzymes for their specific tRNA(s). The p43 protein, a component of the complex able to interact with tRNAs and ArgRS, does not affect the catalytic parameters of this enzyme. Crystals of a short form of the p43 protein have been obtained and the structure has been solved by molecular replacement, but the N-terminal residues, that are responsible for the interaction with tRNAs, are not visible. Conditions for the isolation of the multi-aaRSs complex have been refined in order to carry out a structural study using cryo-electron microscopy and crystallography
Yu, Jinchao. "développement méthodologique et applications de la prédiction des interactions protéine-protéine." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017SACLS021.
Protein-protein interactions (PPIs) play essential roles in life. My PhD work aimed at developing advanced bioinformatics methods in the field of PPI prediction at the structural scale. My goal was to improve the predictive power of methods which model the structures of macromolecular assemblies (docking) and to tackle real-life problems faced by biologists.First, I developed HHalign-Kbest server using algorithms for the search of suboptimal solutions to gain better-quality models. Second, in the field of protein docking, I built InterEvDock server which can take co-evolutionary information into account. It yields better performance than other state-of-the-art servers. In order to further test our methods, we participated in CAPRI – an international challenge for prediction of protein interactions. Over years 2013-2016, our group ranked 1st at the 6th CAPRI evaluation meeting. At last, I developed a realistic benchmark dataset PPI4DOCK, largest dataset so far, in order to improve docking methods for the scientific community.In terms of applications, I was involved in a variety of collaborative projects with different labs. As representative examples, I searched for binding partners of the histone chaperone Asf1; I studied the CENP-F/Nup133 interaction in the context of mitosis and the Exo70/Abi interaction related to cell mobility regulation; I also simulated the binding modes of multiple peptides, partners of Ku complex involved in DNA repair pathway
Thevenet, Pierre. "Exploration des interactions peptide-protéine." Paris 7, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA077092.
Thanks to high-throughput sequencing, many genomic sequences are identified as capable of expressing peptides. The naturel products extractions techniques expose a large number of peptides expressed, such as venom peptide. Ln addition, peptides whose sequence is derived from protein would better characterize and monitor protein-protein interactions. However, experitnental methods do not solve the structures of peptides on a large scale, as shown by the small amount of peptide structures present in the PDB. Therefore, in silico modeling is crucial to fil this gap. Homology modeling, requiring rigid reference structures, is not suitable fo peptides for which the known structures are a few. This is why de novo modeling methods were developed. My thesis focused on the adaptation of PEP-FOLD, a method for de novo prediction of peptide structures, for large seule modeling. A first point was th consideration of the disulfide bridges, commonly found in natural peptides, but also used as the stabilizing elements of the structures of peptides in the context of their engineering. A second point was to focus on optimizing PEP-FOLD. The development of a new algorithm has accelerated computing time by a factor of ten, opening the possibility to structure prediction of millions of sequences, The applications stemming from this improvement are interactions between peptides proteins, and modeling novo protein fragments of smaller sizes, difficult to model by homology, such as N and C extemities, and the linker inter-domains
Moreau, Violaine. "Analyse bioinformatique des sites d'intéractions protéine-protéine et prédictions épitopiques." Montpellier 1, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006MON13515.
Xicluna, Jérôme. "Régulations des canaux potassiques par des interactions protéine-protéine chez Arabidopsis thaliana." Montpellier 2, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006MON20220.
Thierry-Mieg, Nicolas. "Modélisation informatique et analyse prédictive des interactions protéine-protéine chez Caenorhabditis elegans." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001GRE10185.
Seaayfan, Elie. "Régulation du contrôle de qualité de NKCC2 par les interactions protéine-protéine." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017USPCB026.
The kidney-specific Na + -K + -2C1 co-transporter, sensitive to bumetanide, NKCC2, plays an essential role in the body's fluid, electrolyte and acid-base homeostasis. Mutations of NKCC2 cause antenatal type 1 Bartter syndrome, a life-threatening kidney disease characterized by arterial hypotension associated with electrolyte abnormalities. In contrast, an increase in NKCC2 activity is associated with salt-sensitive hypertension. Yet the mechanisms underlying the regulation of NKCC2 trafficking in renal cells are scarcely known. The aim of this work was to identify the protein partners involved in the regulation of the expression and the intracellular trafficking of NKCC2, specifically in the quality control of this co-transporter. Using the yeast tow-hybrid system, we identified OS-9 as a specific binding partner of NKCC2. Lectin OS-9 is a key factor in the regulation of protein quality control at ER. Co-immunoprecipitation assay in renal cells showed that OS-9 interacts mainly with NKCC2 immature forms. Accordingly, immunocytochemistry analysis showed co-localization of the proteins mainly in the ER. Overexpression of OS-9 decreased the total abundance of NKCC2. This effect is abolished following the inhibition of the proteasome protein degradation pathway by MG132. In addition, the pulse-chase and cycloheximide-chase assays demonstrated that the marked reduction in the co-transporter protein levels was essentially due to increased protein degradation of NKCC2 immature forms. Conversely, knock-down endogenous of OS-9 increased the expression of the co-transporter by increasing the stability of its immature form. Finally, inactivation of the Mannose 6-phosphate Receptor Homology domain had no effect on its action on NKCC2, while mutation of the two NKCC2 N-glycosylation sites abolished the effect of OS- 9. In summary, our results demonstrate the involvement of lectin OS-9 in the ERAD of NKCC2. The second part of this work focused on the identification of new molecular mechanisms involved in Bartter Syndrome. We found that MAGE-D2 mutations caused X-linked new and severe form of antenatal Bartter's syndrome, characterized by a very early polyhydramnios with a high risk of premature delivery and mortality. We have shown that MAGE-D2 abnormalities lead to a lack of maturation and membrane expression of NKCC2 as well as that of the Na-Cl co-transporter, NCC, of the distal tubule. In vitro comparison of the wild-type and mutated MAGED2 interactome revealed that wild-type MAGE-D2 interacts specifically with DNAJB1 (HSP40) and / or GNAS, suggesting involvement of these two protein partners in NKCC2 and NCC regulation by MAGE-D2 during pregnancy. The third part of this work focused on the study of the effect of DNAJB1 / HSP40, partner of MAGE-D2, on the expression of NKCC2. HSP40 was also identified as a specific binding partner of NKCC2 by the yeast two-hybrid system realized by our team. We have shown that HSP40 and its co-chaperone HSPA1A (HSP70) interact with the immature form of NKCC2 at the ER. The co-expression of HSP40 and HSP70 increased the expression of NKCC2 by increasing its stability and maturation. In addition, these two co-chaperones regulate the expression of NCC in the same way. These findings suggest that MAGE-D2 cooperates with DNAJB1 / HSP40 and HSPA1A / HSP70 to protect NKCC2 and NCC against retention and degradation of NKCC2 at ER during pregnancy, revealing a new pathway for regulating NKCC2 and NCC intracellular trafficking. A better understanding of NKCC2 and NCC regulatory pathways would help to better understand the pathophysiology of sodium retention and ultimately would provide a new target for a pharmaceutical approach to preventing and / or treating kidney disease related to sodium balance
Cussol, Léonie. "Inhibition d'interactions protéine-protéine par des foldamères mixtes oligoamide/olugourée." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018BORD0394.
Protein-protein interactions (PPI) have a key role in physiological processes. The inhibition of these PPI may lead to new therapeutic strategies. Secondary structures in α-helix are frequently involved in protein interactions where they may contribute significantly to binding. Designing molecules which mimic the helical motif for protein surface recognition and inhibition of the natural partner represents an innovative path to discover new drug candidates. Aliphatic urea oligomers, a class of foldamers that adopt a well-defined H-bonded helical secondary structure with good similarity to the α-helix have been proposed as possible α-helix mimics to inhibit protein-protein interactions. The first part of this PhD project was dedicated to the design and synthesis of oligoureas and oligourea/α-peptide chimeras for specific protein surface recognition. We have selected the vitamin D receptor as a potential target, mainly because (i) it is therapeutically relevant; (ii) its protein partner (coactivators) interact through a short region which adopts an α-helical structure upon binding and (iii) structures at atomic resolution were available to enable the design of effective mimetics. In the second part, we investigated methods to generate foldamer covalent dimers that could potentially be used to cover larger interaction surfaces. The rationale is that the binding interface is often more complex than a single helix and may involve tertiary and quaternary structures such as coiled coils which in turns may also serve as a basis for the design of new classes of inhibitors
Bourquard, Thomas. "Exploitation des algorithmes génétiques pour la prédiction de structures protéine-protéine." Paris 11, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA112302.
Most proteins fulfill their functions through the interaction with one or many partners as nucleic acids, other proteins…. Because most of these interactions are transitory, they are difficult to detect experimentally and obtaining the structure of the complex is generally not possible. Consequently, “in silico prediction” of the existence of these interactions and of the structure of the resulting complex has received a lot of attention in the last decade. However, proteins are very complex objects, and classical computing approaches have lead to computer-time consuming methods, whose accuracy is not sufficient for large scale exploration of the so-called “interactome” of different organisms. In this context development of high-throughput prediction methods for protein-protein docking is needed. We present here the implementation of a new method based on : Two types of formalisms : the Vornonoi and Laguerre tessellations, two simplified geometric models for coarse-grained modeling of complexes. This leads to computation time more reasonable than in atomic representation, the use and optimization of learning algorithms (genetic algorithms) to isolate the most relevant conformation between two two protein parteners, an evaluation method based on clustering of meta-attributes calculated at the interface to sort the best subset of candidate conformations
Bourgeas, Raphael. "2P2IDB : Une base de données dédiée à la druggabilité des interactions protéine-protéine." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012AIXM4725/document.
The number of protein-protein interactions (PPIs) existing in an organism, and their crucial implication in cellular life and in many pathologies, demonstrates the importance of PPIs as a large reservoir of potential targets for medicinal research. Neglected for a long time by both pharmaceutical companies and academic laboratories because they were historically classified as difficult targets, PPIs are now getting into the groove due to the development of innovative methodologies and the growing number of small molecule compounds modulating these interactions.The study of PPI modulators has implications in both fundamental and therapeutics research. On the one hand, PPI modulators can be used in basic research to decipher the role of PPIs in biological networks. On the other hand, they represent a valuable source of new families of therapeutic agents in pathologic processes.In the first part of my PhD, I contributed to the development of a structural database dedicated to protein-protein interactions: 2P2IDB (http://2p2idb.cnrs-mrs.fr/). The interface descriptors of protein-protein interfaces which are typical of complexes present in 2P2IDB have been used to develop a qualitative scoring function to assess the ‘druggability' of PPI targets.In the second part of my PhD, I contributed to the analysis of the chemical space of PPI inhibitors present in the 2P2I database using chemoinformatics tools. We defined the ‘Rule-of-4' as a guideline to characterize these compounds. We have used support vector machine approaches to elaborate a protocol: 2P2IHUNTER, which allows filtering large collection of compounds to design chemical libraries dedicated to PPI targets
Rouhana, Jad. "Etude et modulation des interactions protéine-protéine : l’activation de la petite protéine G Arf1 par son facteur d’échange Arno." Thesis, Montpellier 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013MON13507/document.
Arf1 is a small GTPases, essentially involved in the vesicular traffic. Arf1 switch between two conformations, an active form bound to GTP and an inactive form bound to GDP. Arno is one of the exchange factors (GEF) that can activate Arf1, through its catalytic Sec7 domain, promoting the exchange of GDP by GTP. Activated in breast cancer cells, Arf1 plays an important role in the migration and proliferation of cancer cells.The aim of my thesis was the study and the modulation of the interaction between small G proteins and their GEFs, more precisely the Arf1-Arno interaction. My work has been planned around two axes: (1) the study of the interaction between Arf1 and Arno, and its modulation with a known inhibitor Brefeldin A (BFA). (2) The development of a rational strategy for designing inhibitors of protein-protein interaction for the Arf1-Arno complex.In the first part of my PhD work, we set up a Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) method allowing to determine the kinetic parameters of the interaction between Arf1 and Arno. We also studied the effects of allosteric partners such as GDP, GTP and Mg2+ as well as the known uncompetitive inhibitor (Brefeldin A). This SPR approach allowed a very informative analysis at qualitative and quantitative levels of the various complexes taking place during the exchange reaction that should help to solve the inhibitory mechanism for the known inhibitors reported in the literature. In the second part of my thesis, we propose a strategy for targeting the interaction between Arf1and Arno. This approach is based on virtual screening of fragments at hotspot regions. Using biophysical techniques such fluorescence techniques, SPR, NMR and X-Ray crystallography, we identified and validated Hits, showing by crystallographic structural data their modes of interaction with the target protein Arno. A fluorescence polarization test was also developed to identify false positive fragments to eliminate promiscuous aggregators. Taken together, our work proposes a method based on SPR allowing the study of known inhibitors of GEFs, understanding at molecular level their mode of action. We also propose a general strategy for finding Hit fragments that designing competitive inhibitor of the interaction small G protein with its GEFs, that can be the scaffold for designing more powerful inhibitors
Douguet, Dominique. "Etude des interactions protéine-protéine et protéine-ligand par bio- et chimie-informatique structurale : Identification de petites molécules bio-actives." Habilitation à diriger des recherches, Université de Nice Sophia-Antipolis, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00320089.
La modélisation par homologie permet d'obtenir un modèle tridimensionnel d'une protéine lorsque sa structure n'a pas été déterminée expérimentalement. Ma contribution dans ce domaine fut la réalisation du serveur @TOME avec le soutien de la GENOPOLE Languedoc-Roussillon (accessible à l'adresse http://bioserver.cbs.cnrs.fr). Ce serveur était le premier de ce type à avoir été développé en France. Le serveur @TOME rassemble et traite d'une manière automatique toutes les étapes nécessaires à la construction d'un modèle 3D d'une protéine. Cela inclut la reconnaissance du repliement, la construction des modèles protéiques et leur évaluation. Les résultats du CASP5 en 2005 (session internationale d'évaluation des méthodes de prédiction de la structure des protéines ; http://predictioncenter.llnl.gov/) ont montré que notre serveur utilisé en mode automatique propose des modèles très proches de la structure expérimentale lorsque l'identité de séquence avec la structure support est supérieure à 30%. Le serveur a été classé 26ième sur 187 groupes inscrits.
Dans un second temps, mes recherches m'ont permis de réaliser une base de données de complexes protéiques co-cristallisés, base fondatrice du projet DOCKGROUND. Ce projet de grande envergure, soutenu par le NIH depuis 2005, vise à établir un système intégré et dynamique de bases de données dédié à l'étude et à la prédiction des interactions entre protéines et permettre ainsi d'améliorer nos connaissances des interactions et de développer des outils de prédiction plus fiables. Ce travail a été effectué au sein de l'équipe du Pr. Ilya Vakser à l'Université de Stony Brook, NY, USA. Dans la réalisation de cette première base de données, un ensemble de programmes collectent, classent et annotent les complexes protéiques qui ont été co-cristallisés (données sur la séquence, la fonction, le repliement 3D, les particularités telles qu'une fixation à de l'ADN, ...). Ensuite, j'ai mis en œuvre une sélection dynamique des représentants des complexes contenus dans cette base. Les représentants sont essentiels pour éviter une surreprésentation de certaines familles de protéines. Cette base de donnée est accessible par Internet et est régulièrement mise à jour (http://dockground.bioinformatics.ku.edu). Le projet DOCKGROUND va être poursuivi par la réalisation de 3 autres bases de données qui s'ancreront sur la présente appelée ‘Bound-Bound'.
L'objectif principal de mes travaux est d'identifier de nouveaux composés bio-actifs afin de comprendre le fonctionnement de leur cible dans un contexte biologique. Les méthodes que j'utilise se basent sur la chémoinformatique, le criblage virtuel et le de novo ‘drug design'. Dans le cadre de ce dernier, j'ai mis au point un programme propriétaire LEA3D (‘Ligand by Evolutionary Algorithm' 3D). Le programme génère des petites molécules à partir de la combinaison de fragments moléculaires issus de drogues et de molécules ‘bio' (substrats ou produits de réactions enzymatiques). Le criblage virtuel basé sur la structure protéique et le de novo ‘drug design' par LEA3D, ont été appliqués avec succès à la thymidine monophosphate kinase (TMPK) de Mycobacterium tuberculosis dans le cadre d'une collaboration avec une équipe de chimistes et de biologistes de l'Institut Pasteur. De nouvelles familles d'inhibiteurs ont été identifiées dont un inhibiteur synthétique trois fois plus affin que le substrat naturel. Plusieurs publications et une demande de brevet couvrent les résultats de ces recherches. Dans la continuité de ces travaux, je m'intéresse maintenant, plus particulièrement, à développer des stratégies de criblages de fragments (molécules de petit poids moléculaire). Il a été montré que de petites chimiothèques contenant des petites molécules polaires sont plus efficaces pour identifier des touches. Ce travail doit être réalisé conjointement avec des criblages structuraux expérimentaux comme la RMN ou la diffraction des rayons X. Ces derniers se posent comme une alternative aux tests in vitro avec pour avantage de donner une information détaillée, au niveau atomique, des interactions entre le ligand et sa cible. S'ensuit une étape d'optimisation/maturation des touches en ligands plus élaborés et plus affins par l'utilisation d'outils de chémoinformatique.
Vézina-Dawod, Simon. "Design et synthèse de macrocycles pseudopeptidiques pour le développement d'inhibiteurs d'interactions protéine-protéine." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/26046.
Popov, Petr. "Nouvelles méthodes de calcul pour la prédiction des interactions protéine-protéine au niveau structural." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015GRENM005/document.
Molecular docking is a method that predicts orientation of one molecule with respect to another one when forming a complex. The first computational method of molecular docking was applied to find new candidates against HIV-1 protease in 1990. Since then, using of docking pipelines has become a standard practice in drug discovery. Typically, a docking protocol comprises different phases. The exhaustive sampling of the binding site upon rigid-body approximation of the docking subunits is required. Clustering algorithms are used to group similar binding candidates. Refinement methods are applied to take into account flexibility of the molecular complex and to eliminate possible docking artefacts. Finally, scoring algorithms are employed to select the best binding candidates. The current thesis presents novel algorithms of docking protocols that facilitate structure prediction of protein complexes, which belong to one of the most important target classes in the structure-based drug design. First, DockTrina - a new algorithm to predict conformations of triangular protein trimers (i.e. trimers with pair-wise contacts between all three pairs of proteins) is presented. The method takes as input pair-wise contact predictions from a rigid-body docking program. It then scans and scores all possible combinations of pairs of monomers using a very fast root mean square deviation (RMSD) test. Being fast and efficient, DockTrina outperforms state-of-the-art computational methods dedicated to predict structure of protein oligomers on the collected benchmark of protein trimers. Second, RigidRMSD - a C++ library that in constant time computes RMSDs between molecular poses corresponding to rigid-body transformations is presented. The library is practically useful for clustering docking poses, resulting in ten times speed up compared to standard RMSD-based clustering algorithms. Third, KSENIA - a novel knowledge-based scoring function for protein-protein interactions is developed. The problem of scoring function reconstruction is formulated and solved as a convex optimization problem. As a result, KSENIA is a smooth function and, thus, is suitable for the gradient-base refinement of molecular structures. Remarkably, it is shown that native interfaces of protein complexes provide sufficient information to reconstruct a well-discriminative scoring function. Fourth, CARBON - a new algorithm for the rigid-body refinement of docking candidates is proposed. The rigid-body optimization problem is viewed as the calculation of quasi-static trajectories of rigid bodies influenced by the energy function. To circumvent the typical problem of incorrect stepsizes for rotation and translation movements of molecular complexes, the concept of controlled advancement is introduced. CARBON works well both in combination with a classical force-field and a knowledge-based scoring function. CARBON is also suitable for refinement of molecular complexes with moderate and large steric clashes between its subunits. Finally, a novel method to evaluate prediction capability of scoring functions is introduced. It allows to rigorously assess the performance of the scoring function of interest on benchmarks of molecular complexes. The method manipulates with the score distributions rather than with scores of particular conformations, which makes it advantageous compared to the standard hit-rate criteria. The methods described in the thesis are tested and validated on various protein-protein benchmarks. The implemented algorithms are successfully used in the CAPRI contest for structure prediction of protein-protein complexes. The developed methodology can be easily adapted to the recognition of other types of molecular interactions, involving ligands, polysaccharides, RNAs, etc. The C++ versions of the presented algorithms will be made available as SAMSON Elements for the SAMSON software platform at http://www.samson-connect.net or at http://nano-d.inrialpes.fr/software
Benziane, Boubacar. "Contrôle de l' expression apicale du co-transporteur NKCC2 : rôle des interactions protéine-protéine." Paris 6, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA066005.
Burzicki, Grégory. "Synthèse de nouvelles oligopyridines potentielles mimes d’hélice alpha et perturbatrices des interactions protéine-protéine." Caen, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010CAEN4068.
In order to obtain new non-peptidic scaffolds as potential alpha helix mimetics, we developed a convergent and highly flexible synthesis of new oligopyridines variously substituted by using iterative Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling reactions in a regioselective strategy named Garlanding. The first part presents chemical library and screening concepts. We focus on the chemical space concept and the exploration of new chemical spaces in order to discover new drugs. This is in this approach that our research program takes place, and particularly concerning protein-protein interactions and the “BH3” mimetics able to interact with the proteins of the Bcl-2 family. The second one describes the personal work of the author on the synthesis of bi-, ter-, quater-, quinque- and sexipyridines variously substituted, particularly by methyl or styryl groups. The molecular modelling studies and the first biological results of the compounds are presented in this part. Then experimental procedure and physico-chemical characteristics of all synthezised compounds are described. Finally, 265 bibliographical references replace this study in both its chemical and biological context
Moine-Franel, Alexandra. "Cartographie des poches aux interfaces protéine-protéine et identification de nouvelles cibles thérapeutiques potentielles." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2023. https://accesdistant.sorbonne-universite.fr/login?url=https://theses-intra.sorbonne-universite.fr/2023SORUS634.pdf.
Protein-protein interactions (PPIs) constitute a significant source of potential therapeutic targets because they play a crucial role in numerous and diverse biological processes, including the development of pathologies. While PPIs appear as promising therapeutic targets, they are more challenging to study than conventional therapeutic targets. Indeed, known PPIs are characterized by specific structural motifs that limit their ‘druggability’, meaning their ability to bind to and be modulated by a small drug molecule. However, the growing identification of small molecules modulating various PPIs demonstrates that, with an appropriate methodology, they can represent a class of novel and innovative therapeutic targets. The objective is, therefore, to develop an in silico protocol to aid in identifying new therapeutic targets involving PPIs by rationalizing the key elements that determine the ‘druggability’ of the interaction
Loehr, Jérémy, and Jérémy Loehr. "Cartographie des complexes multiprotéiques humains suite à la modification ciblée du génome." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/27877.
La purification par affinité couplée à l’analyse par spectrométrie de masse (AP-MS) est une méthode de choix pour l’étude des interactions protéines-protéines chez les cellules humaines. Par contre, cette technique est sensible aux perturbations causées par la surexpression ectopique des protéines cibles. Des effets anormaux, tels que la formation d’agrégats et la délocalisation des protéines cibles, peuvent mener à des conclusions erronées. Il est donc important de reproduire le plus précisément possible les niveaux physiologiques normaux des protéines à l’étude. Les travaux présentés dans ce mémoire décrivent le développement d’un système robuste et rapide couplant l’édition du génome et la protéomique permettant l’isolation de complexes protéiques natifs exprimés à des niveaux quasi physiologiques. L’approche a servie de tremplin afin d’atteindre l’objectif ultime qui est de caractériser les protéines exprimées à partir de leur contexte génomique naturel. À l’aide des outils d’édition génomique, nous avons introduit de façon ciblée au locus AAVS1 une cassette permettant l’expression de protéines d’intérêt étiquetées avec une séquence permettant la purification par affinité. Ainsi, nous avons purifié de nombreuses holoenzymes impliquées dans la réparation de l’ADN et la modification de la chromatine. Nous avons identifié de nouvelles sous-unités et interactions au sein de complexes déjà bien caractérisés et rapportons l’isolation de MCM8/9, soulignant ainsi l’efficacité et la robustesse de notre approche. La technique présentée dans ce mémoire améliore et simplifie l’exploration des interactions protéiques ainsi que l’étude de leur activité biochimique, structurelle et fonctionnelle.
Conventional affinity purification followed by mass spectrometry (AP-MS) analysis is a broadly applicable method to decipher molecular interaction networks and infer protein function. However, it is sensitive to perturbations induced by ectopically overexpressed target proteins and does not reflect multilevel physiological regulation in response to diverse stimuli. Here, we developed an interface between genome editing and proteomics to isolate native protein complexes produced from their natural genomic contexts. We used CRISPR/Cas9 and ZFNs to insert cDNA of interest in the endogenous genomic safe harbor locus AAVS1 and purified several DNA repair and chromatin modifying holoenzymes to near homogeneity. We uncovered novel subunits and interactions amongst well-characterized complexes and report the isolation of MCM8/9, highlighting the efficiency and robustness of the approach. These methods improve and simplify both small and large-scale explorations of protein interactions, as well as the study of biochemical activities and structure-function relationships.
Conventional affinity purification followed by mass spectrometry (AP-MS) analysis is a broadly applicable method to decipher molecular interaction networks and infer protein function. However, it is sensitive to perturbations induced by ectopically overexpressed target proteins and does not reflect multilevel physiological regulation in response to diverse stimuli. Here, we developed an interface between genome editing and proteomics to isolate native protein complexes produced from their natural genomic contexts. We used CRISPR/Cas9 and ZFNs to insert cDNA of interest in the endogenous genomic safe harbor locus AAVS1 and purified several DNA repair and chromatin modifying holoenzymes to near homogeneity. We uncovered novel subunits and interactions amongst well-characterized complexes and report the isolation of MCM8/9, highlighting the efficiency and robustness of the approach. These methods improve and simplify both small and large-scale explorations of protein interactions, as well as the study of biochemical activities and structure-function relationships.
Botella, Eric. "Interactions entre le pilus du système de sécrétion de type IV de Brucella suis et la cellule hôte." Montpellier 2, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006MON20118.
Bacteria of the genus Brucella are facultative intracellular pathogens which have developed the ability to survive and replicate in professional and non-professsional phagocytes. The VirB type IV secretion system (T4SS) is a key virulence determinant used by Brucella, thought to deliver effector proteins directly into eukaryotic host cells, where these molecules subvert host cell biology. VirB mutants have lost the ability to perturb vesicular trafficking essential for the establishment of the bacterium's intracellular replication niche. Structural models suggest that the T4SS machinery is composed of inner membrane associated ATPases, a putative pore structure spanning the envelope, and a pilus like appendage exposed on the bacterial surface. It is not known how the T4SS interacts with the host cell, however the components of the pilus are prime candidates. Recently, plant proteins that interact with the Agrobacterium VirB pilus have been identified. We used the B. Suis VirB2 and VirB5 proteins as baits to screen a Hela cell cDNA library to identify « host interacting proteins » (HIPs). Three HIPs interacting with VirB2 and one interacting with VirB5 were identified. The three VirB2 HIPs are membrane proteins; CD98hc is a cell surface protein that acts as a receptor for certain viruses and modulates integrins functions, LZIP is a transcriptional activator involved in the response to viral infections and MCL-1 is an anti-apoptotic factor. The protein Galectin-1 that interacts with VirB5 is a lectin like. With confocal microscopy, we find that CD98 is recruited to wild type, but not virB- Brucella containing phagosomes from the early stages of infection. Furthermore, we showed using cd98hc-/- cells that CD98hc is involved in Brucella (in a VirB2 independent manner) and Listeria monocytogenes internalization into the host cells but, it has no effect on Salmonella enteritica serovar Typhimurium entry
Lafont, Virginie. "Analyse de la reconnaissance antigène-anticorps par modélisation moléculaire et mesures biophysiques en vue du développement de méthodes d'ingénierie rationnelle des protéines." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004STR13042.
Brouard, Céline. "Inférence de réseaux d'interaction protéine-protéine par apprentissage statistique." Phd thesis, Université d'Evry-Val d'Essonne, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00845692.
Laudet, Béatrice. "Stratégies pour inhiber une interaction protéine-protéine de haute affinité : l'exemple de la protéine kinase CK2." Grenoble 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007GRE10172.
Many arguments in favour of oncogenic potential of CK2 protein kinase make it a promising therapeutic target in oncology. This protein kinase is composed of a tetrameric complex of two catalytic subunits CK2a constitutively active and a dimmer of two regulatory subunits CK2b. Our laboratory showed that dynamic interaction between these two subunits in cell is an essential component for this enzyme regulation. For better understanding this regulation in normal and pathologic processes, it seems necessary to develop compounds able to perturb this proteinprotein interaction. In this respect, three complementary strategies were used: 1) hot spots characterization for CK2a-CK2b interaction based on tetramer crystal structure. 2) rational conception of the first antagonist of this interaction as a mimetic cyclic peptide (IC50 = 3 mM). 3) pharmacophore definition based on this peptide allowing to identify chemical molecules analogs by virtual screening. A cluster of chemical compounds active as well in vitro as in vivo has been identified. They represent the first inhibitors for this interaction
Meyer, Sandra. "Caractérisation des domaines N-terminal et de liaison à l'ADN du récepteur des androgènes par des approches biophysiques." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015STRAJ091/document.
My PhD project is at the boundary between biology and biophysic. Methods used include nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), small ange X-ray scattering (SAXS), circular dichroïsm (CD) and fluorescence spectroscopy. The androgen receptor (AR) DNA binding domain (DBD) and its interaction with DNA was studied in a first part. A mutation in the DBD leads to a modified DNA recognition by the mutant compared to the wild-type. Our results indicate changes in dynamic of the mutant receptor that leads to the homodimer destabilisation.The second part of my project aim to establish a link between sequence and function of the AR N terminal domain (NTD).As described in literature, this region is involved in the activity of the receptor and is also an intrinsically disordered protein (IDP). The results obtained during my thesis indicate that this region is involved in transient contact with the DBD. This suggest an allosteric coupling between the DBD and the neighboring residues on the NTD.This coupling modifies the conformational ensemble accessible to the NTD by stabilizing a α-helix conformation
Marois-Blanchet, François-Christophe. "Le rôle de la régulation transcriptionnelle dans l'évolution des réseaux d'interaction protéine-protéine." Thesis, Université Laval, 2011. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2011/28445/28445.pdf.
Evolution by gene duplication is considered one of the most important mechanisms of evolutionary innovation. What is less known and highly debated is the relative role of the divergence of transcriptional regulation and the divergence of protein coding sequence in the evolution of molecular networks. We developed a method aimed at evaluating the role of transcriptional regulation in the divergence of protein-protein interactions among duplicated genes in the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Our results demonstrate that our approach can be used effectively to test if divergence of protein-protein interaction profiles can be explained by the divergence of transcriptional regulation or the divergence of coding sequences. We found evidence supporting different scenarios, whereby expression regulation has a large effect, no effect or little effect on protein-protein interaction profiles of paralogous proteins. Our method can be brought to large scale and help elucidate the importance of gene transcriptional regulation in evolution of complex cellular networks.
Goffard, Nicolas. "Interactions protéiques et évolution : approches bioinformatiques." Bordeaux 2, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004BOR21141.
The knowledge of protein interactions is essential to understand cell functions. This work concerns the study of relationship between protein interactions and molecular evolution. We first studied conservation and co-evolution of proteins involved in interactions for various hemiascomycete yeasts. Then, we were interested by the link between modular composition of proteins and interactions. At last, we applied a new strategy for the integration of data to multiprotein complexes. Our results show that there is a variety of complex mechanisms whose elucidation requires at the same time quality data in large quantity and development of in silico approaches allowing the integration of heterogeneous information
Shinada, Nicolas. "Détection, caractérisation et comparaison des interactions protéine - ligand." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019USPCC090.
Apprehending the binding mechanism in a protein – ligand complex is a major goal in pharmaceutical industry. The objective of this thesis was to improve the understanding of this mechanism through molecular interactions study. Consequently, a large-scale contact detection protocol was designed to achieve this goal. The first chapters highlight known interaction types observed in the literature and the resulting tools that were developed during this thesis. Using our dataset of intermolecular contacts, a comprehensive analysis underlines the intricacy of describing interaction patterns of halogen atoms in the protein-ligand context. Then, a structural comparison of ligand binding modes quantitatively assesses its diversity on the entire PDB dataset. Finally, protein function and interaction mechanism are strongly related to its structure. Using a clustering approach, dynamic behavior of helix structures was highlighted through transitional patterns and unsuspected stable conformations for rare helices
Florescu, Ana-Maria. "Modélisation de l'ADN et des interactions ADN-protéine." Grenoble, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010GRENY054.
The first part of my thesis deals with the modelling of DNA denaturation. I first used a statistical model (Poland-Scheraga) to show that one can predict the final positions of the fragments during 2D electrophoresis assays with a precision greater than experimental uncertainties. Then, I improved a dynamical model developed in our group by showing how its parameters can be varied to get predictions in better agreement with experimental results that were not addressed until now, like mechanical unzipping, the evolution of the critical temperature with sequence length, and temperature resolution. In the second part of my thesis I present a dynamical model for non-specific DNA-protein interactions. This model is based on a previously developed “bead-spring” model for DNA with elastic, bending and electrostatic interactions, while I chose to model protein-DNA interactions through electrostatic and excluded-volume forces. For the protein, I used two simple coarse-grained models: I first described the protein as a single bead and then improved this description by using a set of thirteen interconnected beads. I studied the properties of this model using a Brownian dynamics algorithm that takes hydrodynamic interactions into account, and obtained results that essentially agree with experiments. For example, I showed that the protein samples DNA by a combination of 3D diffusion in the buffer and 1D sliding along the DNA chain. I have also showed that this process, which is known as facilitated diffusion, cannot accelerate DNA sampling by proteins as much as it is sometimes believed to do
Cisneros, Caballero Angel Fernando, and Caballero Angel Fernando Cisneros. "The role of structural pleiotropy in the retention of protein complexes after gene duplication." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/37529.
La duplication de gènes est l’un des plus importants mécanismes évolutifs pour la génération de diversité fonctionelle. Lorsqu’un gène est dupliqué, la nouvelle copie partage toutes ses fonctions avec la copie ancestrale car elles encodent pour des protéines identiques. Donc, les deux protéines, appelées paralogues, auront le même réseau d’interactions physiques protéine-protéine. Cependant, dans le cas de la duplication des gènes qui codent des protéines qui interagissent avec elles-mêmes (homomères), la nouvelle protéine interagira aussi avec la copie ancestrale, ce qui introduit une nouvelle interaction (heteromère) (Kaltenegger and Ober, 2015; Pereira-Leal et al., 2007). Puisque ces interactions peuvent avoir des différents motifs de rétention et de fonction (Ashenberg et al., 2011; Baker et al., 2013; Boncoeur et al., 2012; Bridgham et al., 2008), il est important de mieux comprendre comment ces états sont atteints et quelles forces évolutives les favorisent. Dans ce memoire, je cible ces questions avec des simulations in silico de l’évolution des protéines suite à la duplication de gènes en travaillant avec des structures crystallographiques de haute qualité, provenant de la Protein Data Bank (Berman et al., 2000; Dey et al., 2018). Les simulations montrent que les sous-unités et interfaces partagées entraînent une forte corrélation entre les trajectoires évolutives de ces complexes. Ainsi, les simulations prédisent que la préservation de seulement les deux homomères ou seulement l’hétéromère ne devrait pas être fréquente. Toutefois, la simulation qui applique la sélection seulement sur un homomère montre que l’homomère neutre est destabilisé plus rapidement que l’hétéromère neutre. Nous avons comparé ces prédictions avec des résultats expérimentaux du réseau d’interactions protéine-protéine de la levure. Comme suggéré par les simulations, les patrons d’interactions les plus fréquents ont été la formation des trois complexes (deux homomères et un hétéromère) ou la formation de seulement un homomère. Les patrons correspondants à deux homomères sans hétéromères ou un hétéromère sans homomères sont rares. Nos résultats démontrent l’extension de l’hétéromérisation entre paralogues dans le réseau d’interactions physiques protéine-protéine de la levure, les mécanismes sous-jacents et ses implications.
Gene duplication is one of the most important evolutionary mechanisms for the generation of functional diversity. When a gene is duplicated, the new copy shares all of the ancestral copy’s functions because they encode identical proteins. Therefore, the two proteins, called paralogs, will have the same protein-protein interaction network. However, in the case of the duplication of genes encoding proteins that self-interact (homomers), the new protein will also interact with the ancestral copy, introducing a novel interaction (heteromer) (Kaltenegger and Ober, 2015; Pereira-Leal et al., 2007). As these interactions can have different retention and functional patterns (Ashenberg et al., 2011; Baker et al., 2013; Boncoeur et al., 2012; Bridgham et al., 2008), it is important to understand better how these states are reached and what evolutionary forces favor each of them. In this thesis, I approach these questions by means of in silico simulations of protein evolution after gene duplication by working with high-quality crystal structures from the Protein Data Bank (Berman et al., 2000; Dey et al., 2018). The simulations show that the shared subunits and interfaces lead to these complexes having highly correlated evolutionary trajectories. Thus, the simulations predict that the preservation of only the two homomers or only the heteromer is not likely to happen often. Nevertheless, simulating evolution with selection on only one homomer shows that the neutral homomer is destabilized faster than the neutral heteromer. We compared these predictions against experimental results from the yeast protein-protein interaction network. As suggested by the simulations, the most abundant interaction patterns were either the formation of all three complexes (two homomers and one heteromer) or the formation of only one homomer, with motifs corresponding to two homomers without a heteromer or a heteromer without homomers being rare. Our results highlight the extent of heteromerization between paralogs in the yeast protein-protein interaction network, the underlying mechanisms, and its implications
Gene duplication is one of the most important evolutionary mechanisms for the generation of functional diversity. When a gene is duplicated, the new copy shares all of the ancestral copy’s functions because they encode identical proteins. Therefore, the two proteins, called paralogs, will have the same protein-protein interaction network. However, in the case of the duplication of genes encoding proteins that self-interact (homomers), the new protein will also interact with the ancestral copy, introducing a novel interaction (heteromer) (Kaltenegger and Ober, 2015; Pereira-Leal et al., 2007). As these interactions can have different retention and functional patterns (Ashenberg et al., 2011; Baker et al., 2013; Boncoeur et al., 2012; Bridgham et al., 2008), it is important to understand better how these states are reached and what evolutionary forces favor each of them. In this thesis, I approach these questions by means of in silico simulations of protein evolution after gene duplication by working with high-quality crystal structures from the Protein Data Bank (Berman et al., 2000; Dey et al., 2018). The simulations show that the shared subunits and interfaces lead to these complexes having highly correlated evolutionary trajectories. Thus, the simulations predict that the preservation of only the two homomers or only the heteromer is not likely to happen often. Nevertheless, simulating evolution with selection on only one homomer shows that the neutral homomer is destabilized faster than the neutral heteromer. We compared these predictions against experimental results from the yeast protein-protein interaction network. As suggested by the simulations, the most abundant interaction patterns were either the formation of all three complexes (two homomers and one heteromer) or the formation of only one homomer, with motifs corresponding to two homomers without a heteromer or a heteromer without homomers being rare. Our results highlight the extent of heteromerization between paralogs in the yeast protein-protein interaction network, the underlying mechanisms, and its implications
Le, Drévo Marie-Anne. "L'Annexine A5 : une nouvelle protéine régulatrice du canal CFTR (cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator)." Brest, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007BRES3201.
The cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) functions as a cAMP-activated chloride channel which is regulated by protein-protein interactions. The extent to which CFTR is regulated by these interactions remains unknown. Annexin A5 (anxA5) is overexpressed in cystic fibrosis (CF) and given the functional properties of anxA5 and CFTR we considered whether they are associated and if so whether this has implications for CFTR function. In the first part of this thesis, we show for the first time that anxA5 is associated with nucleotide-binding domain 1 (NBD1) of CFTR and that this interaction is Ca2+ and ATP-dependent. The decreased anxA5 expression was correlated with a decreased CFTR chloride channel function. We concluded that anxA5 is necessary for normal CFTR chloride channel activity. In the second part of this thesis, our results indicated that the overexpression of anxA5 permitted to partially correct the ceIl surface expression defect of the misfolded ΔF508-CFTR, the most common mutation. Moreover, we show that the increase of intracytosolic Ca2+ concentration, induced by a thapsigargin treatment, allowed to increase the anxA5 effect. All these results suggest that anxA5 may be seen as a potential therapeutic target
Granier, Sébastien. "Interaction des récepteurs de la vasopressine avec leurs partenaires intracellulaires : Approche peptido-mimétique, pharmacologique et protéomique." Montpellier 2, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004MON20152.
Chesneau, Alban. "Génération et utilisation d'un réseau d'interaction protéine/protéine : Exemple des protéines de remodelage de la chromatine chez C. elegans." Montpellier 2, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005MON20029.
Collin, Pierre. "Étude des interactions protéiques entre les formes d'épissage du gène UGT1A." Thesis, Université Laval, 2013. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2013/30073/30073.pdf.
Alternative splicing of UDP-glucuronosyltranferase UGT1A gene results in the production of enzyme, isoforms i1 and i2. Unlike the active i1 proteins, i2 are truncated proteins which lack the transmembrane domain and glucuronic acid transferase activity, but have an inhibitory effect on UGT1A activity likely through the formation of hetero-oligomers with i1. We believe that i1-i2 interaction involves binding of more than one domain. Our results showed that i1, in the presence or absence of the transmembrane domain, without the signal peptide did not self-interact but instead interacted with i2. In addition, high molecular weight complexes were observed by immunoblotting under non-reducing conditions. It demonstrates the involvement of disulfide bonds in the formation of i1-i2 complexes. In summary, these results support that i1-i2 interactions involve multiple protein domains and they differ from those involved in homo-oligomerization of i1.
Rochette, Samuel. "Utilisation de pertubations environnementales et génétiques du réseau d'interactions protéine-protéine pour disséquer des processus cellulaires." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/25483.
Proteins are the molecular machines allowing the cell to accomplish a myriad of biological functions. To do so, proteins physically interact with each other in a reversible and tunable way, providing the cell a mechanism to quickly adapt to a changing environment. Thus, studying the dynamics of protein-protein interactions is key in understanding how cells adapt to various perturbations. The chapters included in this thesis illustrate the development of a method to identify and quantify changes in protein-protein interactions in response to environmental perturbations and how protein-protein interactions can be used as reporters to dissect the regulatory network of a protein phosphatase, calcineurin, using a network perturbation approach. Together, these two chapters illustrate the utility of network perturbation approaches to dissect complex cellular processes.
Le, Chevalier Isaad Alexandra. "Peptides modifiés avec des acides aminés non-naturels comme outils synthétiques pour étudier des interactions protéine-protéine." Cergy-Pontoise, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008CERG0367.
During this PhD thesis our attention was focused on protein-protein interactions, in particular on hormone-receptor (for the parathyroid hormone: hPTH) and antigen-antibody interactions (for Multiple Sclerosis: MS). Amino acids bearing on the side chain azide or alkynyl functions were synthesized and introduced in the PTH-rP peptide sequences, to generate via click chemistry a collection of cyclopeptides containing the triazolyl moiety. A conformational study of these cyclopeptides was performed to compare the collection to the parent lactam model. Moreover, to further investigate the molecular mechanism of an antibody-mediated MS, C-glucosylated and N-ribosilated amino acids were synthesized and introduced in the ß-hairpin structure of CSF114, that was demonstrated in our laboratory an efficient N-glucosylated probe detecting antibodies in the MS patients’ sera
Shi, Xiaoli. "Etude de la spécificité des interactions protéine-protéine : application au complexe Alix-domaine SH3 des Src Kinases." Thesis, Aix-Marseille 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011AIX10024/document.
Src homology (SH) 3 domains is one of the most wide-spreaded protein modules found in nature. They mediate both inter- and intra-molecular protein-protein interactions (PPIs) through the formation and dissociation of multi-protein complexes. These SH3-mediated interactions are responsible for signal transduction, cytoskeleton organization and other cellular processes. The nef gene of Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) encodes the HIV-1 Nef protein, which is important for optimal virus replication and development of AIDS (acquired immunize deficiency syndrome) in HIV-1 infected persons. Previous studies show that the HIV-1 Nef protein uses a “tertiary” binding mode to achieve high affinity and selectivity toward SH3 domains of Src-family kinases (SFKs). Whether this strategy of ‘tertiary’ binding mode of SH3 domains can be found in human cellular proteins, besides HIV-1 Nef, is an important question in the specificity of the HIV-1 Nef protein as an anti-HIV target. We identified Alix (ALG-2 [apoptosis-linked gene 2]-interacting protein X) as a novel protein interacting with Hemopoietic cell kinase (Hck) SH3 domain. Alix has similar selectivity towards SH3 domains of SFKs as the HIV-1 Nef. We have combined biophysical and structural biology analysis, including ITC (isothermal titration calorimetry), SPR (surface Plasmon resonance), GST (glutathione S-transferase) pull-down, interferometry, HSQC (heteronuclear single quantum coherence) and SAXS (small-angle X-ray scattering) to explore the characteristics of Alix-SH3 recognition mode. This study shows that Alix as a unique cellular protein, which is structurally different but functionally similar in recognizing HIV-1 Nef. The structural information of the Alix-Hck association facilitates the understanding of how Hck and Alix assist viral budding and cell surface receptor regulation