Дисертації з теми "Interactions bilingues"
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1
Doumbia, Mahamadou Siaka. "Les pratiques de reformulation dans les interactions bilingues bamanankan-français à l'école fondamentale 1er cycle au Mali." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lille (2022-....), 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024ULILH007.
Анотація:
La thèse a pour objectif d'analyser le phénomène des reformulations en contexte d'interactions bilingues français-bamanankan dans les classes de l'enseignement fondamental (premier cycle) au Mali. L'étude prend appui sur un corpus de 39h 35min d'enregistrements vidéo et audio constitués de séquences de classes et d'entretiens. Les séquences, filmées dans 12 classes de 4ème Année, concernent deux disciplines non linguistiques : la géographie, dispensée en bamanankan L1 et les sciences d'observations, dispensées en français L2. Les films ont été retranscrits et analysés à l'aide du logiciel CLAN qui a permis l'extraction de toutes les occurrences de reformulations annotées. L'analyse effectuée sur celles-ci, tant sur le plan qualitatif que quantitatif, aboutit à plusieurs résultats. Il s'avère que les reformulations constituent un phénomène omniprésent dans le discours des interactants, enseignants et élèves, en géographie comme en sciences d'observations, en L1 comme en L2. Ces activités participent de la construction des savoirs chez les élèves, ce qui a pu être vérifié à l'aide d'une évaluation de compréhension. La comparaison des enseignants montre que l'expérience, parmi d'autres facteurs, a des incidences sur la production et la gestion des reformulations. Sur la base des pratiques observées, des propositions, plaidant pour une optimisation de l'usage des reformulations didactiques et de l'ensemble des pratiques bilingues, ont été formulées comme contributions à une amélioration de la qualité des enseignements au Mali, voire en Afrique de l'OuestThe thesis aims to analyze the phenomenon of reformulations in the context of bilingual French-Bamanankan interactions in the classes of elementary shool in Mali. The study is based on a corpus of 39h 35 min video and audio recordings consisting of sequences of classes and interviews. The sequences, filmed in 12 classes of the 4th year, concern two non-linguistic disciplines: geography, taught in Bamanankan L1, and observation sciences, taught in French L2. The films were transcribed and analyzed using the CLAN software which allowed the extraction of all instances of annotated reformulations. The analysis carried out on them, both qualitatively and quantitatively, leads to several results. It turns out that reformulations are an omnipresent phenomenon in the discourse of interactants, teachers, and students, in geography as well as in observational sciences, in L1 as in L2. These activities participate in the construction of knowledge in students, which could be verified with the help of an understanding assessment. The comparison of teachers shows that experience, among other factors, affects the production and management of reformulations. Based on observed practices, proposals, arguing for an optimization of the use of didactic reformulations and all bilingual practices, were formulated as contributions in the direction of improving the quality of teaching in Mali, or even in West Africa
Nin dɔnniyafasɛbɛn laɲini ye ka kuma tɛrɛmɛwalew taabolo fɛsɛfɛsɛ kumaɲɔgɔnya senfɛ farasɛkan ni bamanankan kanfilakalan hukumu kɔnɔ Mali dugumakalan tigɛyɔrɔ fɔlɔ kalansow kɔnɔ. Baara in sinsinna ɲininikunnafoni kan min labɛnna ni lamagaja dɔw ye ani kumakan tàlenw, minnu bɛɛ bὲnna waati 39 ni sanga 35 ma kàlansenw ni koɲɛɲinibarow kan. Jàw tàli bòlila sàn 4nan kàlanso 12 minnu kan, olu bɛ kàlanbolo fila kan kandɔn sèn tɛ minnu na : sìgidɔn min bɛ lakalan bamanankan na (kalankɛkan fɔlɔ - K1 sugandilen) ani nimadɔn, o min bɛ lakalan faransɛkan na (kalankɛkan filannan -K2 suguandilen). Ja kumakanw sɛbɛnna k’u fɛsɛfɛsɛ ni jàtebila kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnen ye, CLAN, ale min kɛra sababu ye kà kumatɛrɛmɛwalew tàamasiyɛnnenw bɛɛ tɔmɔ ka kɛ ɲɔgɔn kan. Sɛgɛsɛgɛli minnu kɛra olu kan, hakɛko ni ɲùmanya kiimɛni na, o wolola jaabi caman na. A yera k’a fɔ kumatɛrɛmɛwalew ye kow ye minnu bɛ kumaɲɔgɔnmaw, karamɔgɔw ni kalandenw, ka kumaɲɔgɔnya tɔ jiidi sìgidɔn ni nimadɔn kàlanni sèn fɛ, K1 ni K2 fìla bɛɛ la fana. O kumatɛrɛmɛwalew jɔyɔrɔ ka bon kosɛbɛ dɔnniyaw sɔrɔli la kàlandenw fɛ. O sera ka sɛmɛntiya ni kalandenw ka faamuya kiimɛni ye. Karamɔgɔw ka sangaɲɔgɔnmani y’a jira k’a fɔ ko lahalaya wɛrɛw cɛ la, ko kɛbaakɔrɔya jɔyɔrɔba bɛ kumatɛrɛmɛwalew fɔli n’u tɔbɔtɔli la. Ka kɛɲɛ ni kalankɛwale lajɛlenw ye, hakilinajira dɔw kɛra minnu bɛ kàlanɲɛdɔn kumatɛrɛmɛwalew waleyali senkɔrɔmatintin kà fàra kanfilakan baara bɛɛ kan walasa o ka kɛ kàlanko sankɔrɔtali sababu ye Mali la, fo ka se Farafinna tilebinyanfan bɛɛ ma
2
Ayer, Dorothée. "L'intercompréhension entre langues distantes. Quelles pratiques ? Quelle formation ? Le cas d'une Haute école spécialisée bilingue en Suisse." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017USPCA026/document.
Анотація:
Ce travail doctoral s’intéresse à la pratique de l’intercompréhension dans un contexte officiellement bilingue, à savoir une Haute école spécialisée en Suisse. Les langues utilisées dans les échanges entre membres de l’école (enseignants, étudiants, employés) sont l’allemand et le français, selon le principe du « chacun parle sa langue », calqué sur les pratiques de l’administration fédérale suisse. Les langues en présence sont distantes, par opposition aux langues proches ou voisines. Ce mode de communication nécessite de la part des participants des compétences réceptives dans la langue partenaire ainsi que des compétences communicationnelles pour interagir dans un contexte bilingue.Cette étude se donne comme objectif de comprendre comment les participants à une réunion bilingue choisissent la/les langue(s) pour communiquer. La question est de savoir si le principe de s’exprimer chacun dans sa langue est respecté ou si une langue domine les échanges. Le cas échéant, divers paramètres influencent le choix de la langue. Des réunions de cette école ont été enregistrées de manière à observer la répartition de l’utilisation des langues en contexte de communication professionnelle. Ce corpus de réunions a été complété par des entretiens semi-directifs, menés auprès de membres de l’école.L’institution propose des cursus en allemand et en français et par là, encourage le bilinguisme des étudiants. La communication bilingue fait également l’objet d’un enseignement dans le cadre d’un cours de langue bilingue, réunissant des étudiants francophones et germanophones. À l’inverse de la pratique de l’intercompréhension, les apprenants s’expriment dans la langue cible. Un tel cours soulève des questions quant à l’approche adoptée par les enseignants pour favoriser l’apprentissage et quant aux stratégies de communication développées par les étudiants. La portée de ce cours observé sur trois années, a été étudiée grâce aux documents de cours, à des enregistrements effectués par les étudiants et les textes réflexifs de ceux-ci.Afin d’assurer le succès de la communication dans ce contexte bilingue, les interlocuteurs, natifs et non-natifs, adaptent leur discours et mettent en place des stratégies, tout en puisant dans leur répertoire plurilingue, que ce soit en contexte professionnel ou en contexte d’apprentissageThis doctoral research is interested in the practice of intercomprehension in an officially bilingual context: a department of a university of applied sciences in Switzerland. The languages used in exchanges between members of the school (lecturers, students, employees) are German and French, according to the ‘each speaks their own language’ principle, based on the practices of the Swiss federal administration. Languages in presence are distant, in contrast with the languages from the same family. This communication mode requires from the participants receptive skills in the other language as well as general communicative competence to interact in a bilingual context.The objective of this study is to understand how the participants in a bilingual meeting choose the language(s) in which to communicate. The question is whether the ‘each speaks their own language’ principle is respected or if one language dominates the meetings. In this case, various parameters influence the choice of the language. Several meetings at this department were recorded in order to observe the distribution of languages used in a professional communication context. This corpus of meetings was supplemented by semi-structured interviews with members of the department.The institution offers degree programmes in German and in French and in that way encourages bilingualism in the students. Furthermore, bilingual communication is also the objective in a bilingual language module, uniting French- and German-speaking students, in which, contrary to the practice of intercomprehension, learners expresses themselves in the target language. Such a module questions the pedagogic approach adopted by lecturers and the communication strategies developed by students. The impact of this module, observed over three years, was studied using module documents, audio-visual recordings of student performance and reflexive texts written by the students. To ensure the success of communication in this bilingual context, the interlocutors, both native and non-native speakers, adapt their speech and use strategies, while mining their multilingual repertoire, in professional or educational contexts
Diese Doktorarbeit untersucht die Praxis der Interkomprehension im offiziell zweisprachigen Kontext einer Schweizer Fachhochschule. Die von den Lehrpersonen, Studierenden und Mitarbeitenden verwendeten Sprachen sind Deutsch und Französisch. Sie werden nach dem Prinzip "jeder und jede spricht die eigene Sprache" angewendet, analog zur Praxis in der Schweizer Bundesverwaltung. Deutsch (germanische Sprache) und Französisch (romanische Sprache) stammen nicht aus dem gleichen Zweig der indogermanischen Sprachfamilie und sind folglich nicht nah verwandt. Diese Art zu kommunizieren verlangt von den Teilnehmenden deshalb ausgeprägte rezeptive Kompetenzen in der Partnersprache sowie auch kommunikative Kompetenzen, um in diesem zweisprachigen Kontext interagieren zu können.Diese Studie hat zum Ziel zu verstehen, wie die Teilnehmenden an einer zweisprachigen Sitzung ihre Sprache(n) wählen, um zu kommunizieren. Es soll aufgezeigt werden, ob das Prinzip "jeder und jede in der eigenen Sprache" respektiert wird oder ob eine Sprache den Austausch beherrscht. Verschiedene Parameter beeinflussen hier die Sprachwahl. Um die Verteilung der Sprachverwendung im beruflichen Kontext zu untersuchen, wurden Sitzungen aufgezeichnet. Dieser Korpus wurde mit Leitfadeninterviews ergänzt, die mit Mitarbeitenden der Fachhochschule geführt wurden. Die Schule führt Sprachkurse in Deutsch und Französisch durch und fördert so die Zweisprachigkeit der Studierenden. Die zweisprachige Kommunikation wird auch im Rahmen eines zweisprachigen Sprachkurses mit deutsch- und französischsprachigen Studierenden vermittelt. Im Gegensatz zur Praxis der Interkomprehension drücken sich die Lernenden hier aber in der Zielsprache aus. Bei so einem Kurs interessieren einerseits die von den Lehrpersonen verwendeten Methoden und andererseits die von den Studierenden entwickelten Kommunikationsstrategien. Die Wirkung dieses Kurses wurde über drei Jahre hinweg mit Hilfe der Kursunterlagen, von Audioaufnahmen und Lernreflexionstexten der Studierenden untersucht. Um in diesem zweisprachigen Kontext erfolgreich zu kommunizieren, passen die Sprechenden, ob Muttersprachler oder nicht, ihren Diskurs an. Sie legen sich Strategien zurecht und schöpfen aus ihrem mehrsprachigen Repertoire, sei es nun im beruflichen oder im Lernkontext
3
Midgley, Katherine J. "Le lexique bilingue : études électrophysiologiques des interactions inter-langues." Aix-Marseille 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009AIX10005.
Анотація:
Depuis que François Grosjean a noté que le bilingue n'égale pas deux monolingues (1989) on a prêté une grande attention aux interactions entre les deux langues et à l'interactivité inhérente dans le lexique bilingue. Cette thèse tente de préciser les mécanismes cognitifs spécifiques impliqués dans la reconnaissance des mots écrits chez les bilingues et les apprenants en langue seconde. L'interaction entre les deux langues d'un bilingue et l'évolution de cette interaction sont le focus primaire de cette recherche. Nous déclinerons cette exploration en quatre chapitres ; une comparaison directe du traitement des L1 et L2 dans diverses populations bilingues, une étude de l'accès sélectif par langue utilisant une manipulaton de voisinage orthographique inter-langue, l'étude de cognats en L1 et L2 et l'observation de l'amorçage masqué de répétition et par équivalent de traduction. C'est avec des mesures électrophysiologiques qui sont très sensibles aux différentes étapes de reconnaissance des mots et très précises quant au décours temporal que cette recherche a été effectuée. Nos résultats indiquent que le lexique bilingue est hautement intégré et les items L2 montrent un pattern de traitement plus lent et moins robuste, surtout dans un contexte L1. Il est démontré que ce handicap de traitement en L2 évolue au cours de l'apprentissage.
4
ALFAIFI, SAEEDA HASSAN. "CODE SWITCHING AMONG BILINGUAL SAUDIS ON FACEBOOK." OpenSIUC, 2013. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/theses/1077.
Анотація:
This study investigated the use of intrasentential code switching on Facebook. The corpus included 1000 screenshots of Facebook comments collected from 10 Saudi female Facebook friends who were bilingual in Arabic and English. The data were examined through statistical and content analysis. The results showed that intrasentential code switching occurs frequently in informal Facebook interactions. Further, the occurrence of code-switching was analyzed in relation to 10 topics of Facebook interactions, including gossip, humor, technology, compliments and thanking, achievement, movies and songs, family and intimacy, makeup, travelling, and religion. Among these 10 topics, gossip and humor elicited significantly higher frequencies of intrasentential code-switching. Moreover, the qualitative results showed that the most frequent English words within Arabic sentences were technical and academic terms, whereas the most frequent Arabic words within English sentences were religious words. Overall, this study shows that the use of intrasentential code-switching among Arabic-English female friends on the social network Facebook is a natural part of their interactions and the frequency with which they employ code-switching is related to the topic of their communication, their language environment, their cultural experiences, and their religion.
5
Abou-Samra, Myriam. "Analyse d'interactions verbales dans des cours de DNL dans les écoles de l'UNWRA (Liban) : Pratiques explicatives et enseignement des disciplines scientifiques en langue étrangère." Thesis, Paris 3, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA030155.
Анотація:
Cette recherche propose une étude des séquences explicatives relevées au sein de cours de disciplines non-linguistiques dispensés en langue étrangère. Elle s'inscrit dans le cadre plus général des travaux ayant pour objet l'analyse des interactions de classes dans des structures d'enseignement bi- ou plurilingues. La première partie vise à caractériser le terrain spécifique qui est le nôtre : à la lumière des typologies existantes, nous y présentons le système d'enseignement bilingue adopté parles écoles de l'UNRWA (Liban). Ces repères sociolinguistiques donnés, nous apportons des éléments relatifs à notre démarche méthodologique en questionnant le rôle du chercheur et en nous arrêtant sur ce qui a guidé notre collecte et notre analyse de données. Nous définissons ensuite ce que nous entendons par "séquences explicatives" en situant ces séquences au sein des discours de la classe. La deuxième partie est consacrée à l'analyse de nos données et nous permet de travailler sur la réalisation de quatre tâches du cours de DNL : comprendre un document scientifique en classe de biologie, mener une expérience en physique-chimie, écrire un compte-rendu d'expérience dans cette même discipline et résoudre une équation en mathématiques. Notre analyse s'articule principalement autour de trois critères : celui de l'intégration entre langue et discipline, celui du mode bilingue de conversation et enfin celui des formes que prennent les interactions pédagogiquesThis research studies explanatory discourse as it occures in CLIL classrooms. It is set in the widerfield of classrooms' interaction analysis in the context of bi- or multilingual education. The first partaims at specifying the characteristics of our field of research : in the light of existing typologies, wepresent the bilingual education system adopted by UNRWA schools in Lebanon. We will first takeinto account some sociolinguistic elements and then present our methodological approach. We thendefine explanatory discourse, considering it as a part of classroom discourse. The second part isdevoted to our data analysis. We focus on four tasks : understanding a scientific document inbiology, experiment and write a experiment report in physics and chemistry, solve an equation inmathematics. Our analysis first focuses on the issue of language and content integration, then dealswith the question of code-switching and at least studies the participation of each in the interaction
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Poh, Wei Lin. "The interaction between reflective processing and language among bilingual speakers." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2017. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/39741/.
Анотація:
Internal or Reflective attention can refer to our thoughts/reflections in order to make sense of our external world through our senses and perception. Reflective attention also includes the act of refreshing which is the act of thinking back and shifting internal attention towards previously activated mental representations. Previous research (M.R. Johnson et al., 2013) has shown that refreshing mirrors a striking similarity to that of inhibition of return (IOR) effect which inhibits visual attention to return to a previously cued location (Posner & Cohen, 1984; Posner, Rafal, Choate, & Vaughan, 1985). This IOR-like mechanism helps facilitate our thoughts (similarly to perception) by encouraging internal attention to move towards new information and avoid constant fixation on a single thought (M.R. Johnson et al., 2013) which was coined as reflective IOR (rIOR). The objective of the thesis investigates variables such as time duration and language during the production of rIOR mechanism. A total of seven experiments were conducted. The first set of experiments (Experiments 1 to 3) aimed to examine the time course of refreshing while the second set and (Experiments 4 to 7) examined the effect of language on reflective attention. In each experiment, participants were shown two stimuli, either in the form of pictures or English/Malay words. They were instructed to refresh by keeping one item (i.e., mental representation) active while ignoring the other. Results showed an attentional shift or bias towards the unrefreshed mental representation, more so in the experiments which used word stimuli rather than picture stimuli. The novelty of the current thesis is that early language processing (i.e., English and Malay words) in bilingual speakers was taken into account while investigating the reflective attention. This pattern was consistent whether the words were presented in English or Malay which are consistent with M. R. Johnson and colleagues’ finding that IOR mechanism shifts internal attention to new information However, if participants were presented with English stimuli, refreshed the English word but were then probed in the equivalent Malay word, a stronger priming effect emerged instead. The behavioural pattern implicated that asymmetrical cost during language switching could be reduced as a result of refreshing. The data also showed that while refreshing may cause a temporary inaccessibility to recently activated items, refreshed words were more memorable in a later recognition task. This suggested the role of refreshing plays an important role encoding and storing mental representations in later long term retrieval. Mental representations that were ignored or were not give n attention tended to fade away more quickly. The novelty of the thesis is that language processing was explored as a component to this mechanism by manipulating languages of the refreshed words presented. Participants were more likely to make false alarms when they were presented with an English equivalent word in the recognition task, when the original word had in fact been presented (i.e., previously refreshed) in Malay. Language models such as the Revised Hierarchical Model (RHM) ( Kroll and Stewart, 1990, 1994) were applied in examining refreshing in stronger or weaker languages that gave rise to poor memory performance. According to the RHM’s logic, words activated in non-dominant language would subsequently activate words in the dominant language in order to access the meaning of the word. In this language processing route, it is possible that refreshing a word in the weaker language would subsequently activate the similar word in the stronger language which is reflected as a false memory incident.
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Hatzidaki, Anna. "Interactions between languages in verb- and pronoun-agreement in bilingual sentence production." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/6583.
Анотація:
This thesis investigates how fluent bilinguals make use of the grammar of their two languages when they construct verb- and pronoun-agreement only in one language (monolingual mode) or in both their languages (bilingual mode). We are particularly interested in the impact of the non-response language in sentence processing on the response language. Bilingual research has provided evidence for language integration in bilingual speech (e.g., Hartsuiker, Pickering, & Veltkamp, 2004) which is also consistent with the phenomenon of code-switching whereby speakers can use elements of each language in producing mixed-language utterances (e.g., Myers-Scotton, 2002). So far, studies at the lexical level have provided support for parallel language activation (e.g., Colomé, 2001), yet the issue of whether activation of either language can be strong enough to influence the workings of the other is still in dispute (e.g., Hermans, Bongaerts, de Bot, & Schreuder, 1998, but see Costa, La Heij, & Navarrete, 2006). In three separate sections of the thesis we employ a sentence-completion paradigm widely used in monolingual agreement literature (Bock & Miller, 1991) to examine language interaction effects in the monolingual and the bilingual modes of speech (Grosjean, 2000). English-Greek and Greek-English fluent bilinguals produced completions to singular or plural subjects when the number of the translation was either the same or different, and when their completion either did or did not switch languages. The first section investigates whether there is influence of the divergent number properties of the nonresponse native language (L1) on verb-agreement in the response second language (L2). The results of Greek-English bilinguals show influence of the underlying number of the L1 on completions in the L2. We interpret this in terms of a markedness account (e.g., Eberhard, 1997) whereby parallel activation and competition between an L2 singular subject noun and its L1 plural translation results in plural verbagreement because the singular form is more vulnerable to the marked plural form. English-Greek bilinguals who perform on the same monolingual mode do not show influence of their L1 when speaking in the L2 (Greek). We attribute this finding to a difference of morphological/inflectional properties between the two languages which renders a language that displays fewer overt markings (English) easier to control when utterances are produced in a language that displays more overt markings (Greek) (e.g., Vigliocco, Butterworth, & Semenza, 1995).
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Sato, Masatoshi. "Peer interaction and corrective feedback: proceduralization of grammatical knowledge in classroom settings." Thesis, McGill University, 2011. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=104584.
Анотація:
This quasi-experimental study implemented an original instructional unit in second language (L2) classrooms where the learners were taught (a) how to interact with each other (peer interaction), and (b) how to provide corrective feedback (CF) to each other (peer CF). This Second Language Acquisition (SLA) intervention was examined from three different viewpoints. First, from a psycholinguistic perspective, the effect of the intervention on learners' interactional patterns as well as its effects on their L2 development (i.e., grammatical knowledge and fluent spontaneous production) were investigated. Second, the learners' perceptions (referred to in this dissertation as learner perceptions) of the intervention relative to classroom dynamics were examined to ensure its ecological validity. Third, the construct of the target of instruction (i.e., interactional oral fluency) was scrutinized so as to ensure the validity of the testing used for measuring L2 development. This exploration was informed by theoretical and methodological frameworks from Language Testing (LT) research. Four university-level required English classes in Japan participated (N = 167), each assigned to one of four treatment conditions. Of the two CF groups, one was taught to provide prompts and the other to provide recasts. A third group participated in only peer interaction activities and a fourth served as the control group. The three experimental classes were given (a) a peer-interaction awareness activity and (b) fluency-focused paired activities over one academic semester. In addition to the pre- and post-tests that examined accuracy and fluency development, all participants completed questionnaires designed to elicit their perceptions before and after the intervention. Selected learners were interviewed at the end of the semester as well. In order to explore the construct of interactional oral fluency and the validity of the measurements, speech samples were rated by human raters based on empirically-based rating scales developed specifically for this study. The results revealed that, after one semester, participants used a greater number of interactional moves hypothesized to be conducive to L2 development. Also, the two CF groups improved overall accuracy as well as fluency measured as unpruned and pruned speech rates, whereas the peer-interaction-only group outperformed the control group only on fluency measures. It is argued that while peer interaction offered opportunities for repeated practice facilitating proceduralization, CF refined learners' ability to monitor both their own output and that of their interlocutors. The questionnaire and interview data showed that participants' perceptions changed over time in certain respects. Specifically, they believed in the effectiveness of peer interaction and peer CF from the onset and, thus, no significant change was observed with their belief pertaining to the effectiveness of the intervention. However, their feelings towards peer interaction showed positive change over time. Also, those who were taught how to provide CF to their classmates became more confident in providing CF. Finally, the correlation and regression analyses of the results of the speech rates, grammatical accuracy, and rated scores both in individual and interactional contexts showed that (a) the empirically-based rating scales were reliable, with the interactional samples yielding a weaker agreement rate; (b) the individual rated scores were not significantly correlated with those of interactional performance but highly correlated with unpruned speech rates; and (c) among the four fluency measures only the pruned speech rates were a significant predictor of the grammatical accuracy scores.Cette étude quasi-expérimentale a intégré un volet d'enseignement en classe d'une langue seconde (L2) dans lequel les apprenants ont appris (a) à interagir les uns avec les autres et (b) à fournir une rétroaction corrective (RC) les uns aux autres. Cette intervention a été examinée selon trois approches. Premièrement, dans une perspective psycholinguistique, l'effet de l'intervention sur les patrons interactionnels des apprenants et ses effets sur leur développement en L2 ont été étudiés. Deuxièmement, les perceptions des apprenants sur l'intervention relative aux dynamiques de salle de classe ont été examinées. Troisièmement, la construction de l'objet d'enseignement (c'est-à-dire, la fluidité dans les interactions à l'oral) a été étudiée afin d'assurer la validité du test utilisé pour mesurer le développement de la compétence en L2. Quatre classes japonaises de mise à niveau en anglais à l'université ont participé (N = 167). Chaque classe s'est vue attribuée une des quatre conditions de traitements. Des deux groupes de RC, l'un a appris à fournir des incitations et l'autre à fournir des reformulations. Le troisième groupe a seulement participé aux activités d'interaction entre pairs et le quatrième a servi de groupe témoin. Les trois classes expérimentales ont reçu (a) une activité de prise de conscience sur les interactions entre pairs et (b) des activités en groupe de deux basées sur la fluidité à l'oral tout au long d'un semestre universitaire. En plus des pré- et des post-tests qui ont examiné le développement en termes de précision et d'aisance à l'oral des participants, ces derniers ont rempli des questionnaires établissant leurs perceptions avant et après l'intervention. De plus, des apprenants ont été choisis pour être interviewés à la fin du semestre. Afin d'explorer la construction de l'aisance des interactions à l'oral et de valider les mesures utilisées, les enregistrements ont été évalués par des examinateurs humains. Les résultats ont révélé que, après un semestre, les participants ont utilisé un plus grand nombre d'interactions supposées contribuer au développement de l'acquisition de la L2. De plus, les deux groupes RC ont amélioré leur précision et leur aisance, évaluées par des mesures de taux de discours non élagués et élagués, tandis que le groupe d'interaction entre pairs a réalisé de meilleurs résultats que le groupe témoin uniquement sur les mesures d'aisance. Il a été supposé qu'alors que les interactions entre pairs offrent des occasions pour l'entrainement répété facilitant la mise en place des procédures requises, la rétroaction corrective a permis d'affiner la capacité des apprenants à contrôler leur propre production ainsi que celle de leurs interlocuteurs. Le questionnaire et les données enregistrées des interviews ont montré que les perceptions des participants ont évolué au fil du temps dans une certaine mesure. Plus particulièrement, les participants ont, dès le début, cru en l'efficacité des interactions et de la RC entre pairs. Cependant, leurs sentiments envers les interactions entre pairs ont évolué positivement à travers le temps. De même, ceux qui ont appris à fournir une RC à leurs camarades de classe sont devenus plus confiants dans cette tâche. Enfin, les analyses de corrélation et de régression des résultats des taux de discours, de l'exactitude grammaticale et des scores réalisés aussi bien en contexte individuel qu'interactionnel indiquent que (a) les échelles d'évaluation était fiables; (b) les scores individuels n'étaient pas significativement corrélés avec ceux des performances interactionnelles, mais fortement corrélés avec ceux des taux de discours non élagués; (c) parmi les quatre mesures d'aisance, seule la mesure taux de discours élagués s'est révélé être un facteur significativement prédictif des résultats d'exactitude grammaticale.
9
Fitzpatrick, FinbarreÌ. "Language and interaction among young bilingual children in the first year at school." Thesis, University of Ulster, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.359317.
10
St, John Oliver. "Approaching classroom interaction dialogically : studies of everyday encounters in a 'bilingual' secondary school." Doctoral thesis, Örebro universitet, Institutionen för humaniora, utbildnings- och samhällsvetenskap, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-34591.
Анотація:
This thesis approaches classroom interaction in association with Bakhtin and conversation analysis (CA). The four studies presented in this thesis seek to highlight different aspects of classroom interactional encounters between the students and teachers of a secondary school class. Through these studies, the thesis addresses the following challenges: How can analysts account for ‘multilingual’ communicative practices in a way which respects the views and orientations of the participants? How may dialogism be relevant for classroom interaction? How can we move beyond the representational (in)sufficiency of an oral language focus on (classroom) communication for analysis of human meaning making practices? The studies arise from ethnographic fieldwork at an independent secondary school with a ‘bilingual’ educational profile where data of everyday instructional life was generated through participant observation and video recordings. Methodologically, the studies have been enabled by Bakhtinian concepts and conversation analytic conventions amplified for analysis of the complex range of modalities composing classroom interaction. Study 1 examines the way participants’ use of two (or more) languages in a ‘foreign’ language classroom throw light on each other in processes of lexical orientation which challenge the privileging or the subordination of any one language in language learning. Study 2 demonstrates the consequences for understanding the participants’ sense-making efforts of making representationally (in)visible integral aspects of their multimodal cooperations. Study 3 focuses on whole-class task instructions as interactionally complex by showing some of the mutual orientations through which teacher and students coordinate each other’s stances and consequently craft instructions collaboratively. Study 4 examines the concept of languaging critically in the light of Bakhtin’s penetrating perception of the utterance and underscores that while we may be able to language when communicating, we are also languaged communicators.The research is a part of Swedish Research Council project LISA-21
11
Greer, Timothy S. "Accomplishing identity in bilingual interaction: codeswitching practices among a group of multiethnic Japanese teenagers." University of Southern Queensland, Faculty of Education, 2007. http://eprints.usq.edu.au/archive/00003592/.
Анотація:
[Abstract]: The number of so-called ‘half-Japanese’ children (haafu) has been increasing in Japan over the last twenty years, and one place in which such multiethnic people exist in community is in the international school system. Although international schools typically deliver their curricula in English, most multiethnic students are equally familiar with the dominant Japanese culture and language, and can alternate between English and Japanese to accomplish discourse functions and express their hybrid identities. However, little research has been conducted into the bilingual interactional practices that multiethnic Japanese people use to accomplish aspects of their identity in mundane conversation.In conjunction with ethnographic observations and focus group discussions, this study adopts a conversational analytic (CA) approach to investigate some of these interactional practices. Specifically, the investigation draws on video-recorded data of the participants’ speech in naturally occurring conversations to explore the role of codeswitching in co-constructing aspects of identity in interaction with others.The study draws on Membership Categorization Analysis to examine the participants’ use of competency-related category bound activities to index identity in mundane talk, and Conversation Analysis to explore the role of discursive and situated identities in indexing transportable identities like ‘multiethnic Japanese’ in bilingual interaction. The investigation found several bilingual practices that index identity in multi-party talk, including the use of forward-oriented self-repair in bilingual word search sequences and backwards-oriented repair to design a translation in bilingual multi-party talk for a known non-native (or novice) speaker. In combination with embodied practices such as gaze shift, these bilingual practices worked by altering the participant constellation to partition recipients based on their perceived language preference.Throughout the study, mundane talk is seen as a key site in which multiethnic identity is made visible and co-accomplished by the participants.
12
Sugimoto, Amanda Tori. "A Qualitative Study of the Positioning of Emergent Bilinguals during Formal and Informal School-Based Interactions." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/612433.
Анотація:
The education of emergent bilinguals in the United States is overtly and covertly shaped by social, political, and institutional ideologies about languages and speakers of languages other than English. Using a multiple case study design, this study sought to explicate the often-complicated intersection of outsider institutional and societal ideologies with the insider lived experiences of emergent bilinguals in schools. The population of the school under study uniquely positioned emergent bilinguals as not only the linguistic minority but also the numeric minority, a population dynamic notably underrepresented in the literature. Using a positioning theory framework that focused on the normative constraints that support meaning making during social interactions, this study explored how primarily monolingual English-speaking teachers and peers interactionally positioned three fourth grade emergent bilinguals, as well as how these emergent bilinguals reflexively positioned themselves. Data collection efforts consisted of multiphase observations of classrooms including the creating of sociograms and fieldnotes, interviews with emergent bilinguals, teachers, and key peers, as well as a localized artifact analysis. Findings suggested that the emergent bilinguals unique backgrounds contributed to their variable reflexive positioning, as well as teachers' variable interactional positioning. Additionally, peer positioning and institutional norms contributed to emergent bilinguals having limited access to academic language development opportunities.
13
Keffala, Bethany J. "Learning to share| Interaction in Spanish-English bilinguals? acquisition of syllable structure and positional phonotactics." Thesis, University of California, San Diego, 2016. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10128285.
Анотація:
Though the majority of the world’s population is bilingual, most of the existing research on child language acquisition has focused on monolinguals. Increasingly, research has begun to investigate language acquisition in bilingual contexts, and has found evidence of both similarity to and difference from patterns found in monolingual language acquisition. One evident source of difference in bilingual language acquisition is interaction, where bilinguals’ acquisition of one language affects their acquisition of the other language. Interaction has been shown to occur at multiple levels of linguistic structure (syntactic, phonological, phonetic), and manifests in three different patterns: acceleration, deceleration, and transfer. Acceleration and deceleration refer to the rate at which bilinguals acquire some property relative to monolinguals in the same language. Acceleration occurs when bilinguals acquire some property faster or earlier compared to monolingual peers, whereas deceleration occurs when bilinguals acquire some property later or more slowly than monolingual peers. Transfer refers to bilinguals’ use of a property specific to one language in their other language. While the occurrence of each of these patterns has been demonstrated in bilinguals’ language acquisition, it is not well understood what causes interaction to occur where and how it does. In this dissertation, I propose that frequency of occurrence and linguistic complexity, both features of the input that are known to affect the course of monolingual acquisition, also direct the appearance of interaction in bilinguals’ acquisition of language. I present findings from a series of studies demonstrating that differences between languages in frequency of occurrence and complexity of phonological properties influence bilinguals’ acquisition of aspects of Spanish and English phonotactics in predictable ways. Specifically, greater frequency of occurrence and greater complexity of phonological properties in one language are shown to promote bilinguals’ acquisition of related phonological properties in their other language.
14
Stein, Rita de Cassia Glaeser. "Cross-linguistic interaction in L3 production : portuguese as a third language in a bilingual context." Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10923/5860.
Анотація:
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Previous issue date: 2014Extensive research on Bilingualism and Multilingualism has found evidence that different languages compete for activation in the bilinguals and multilinguals‟ mind (Dijkstra, Van Heuven, 2002; Dijkstra, 2003, Green, 1998. ) The present study investigates crosslinguistic interaction in the oral productions of Portuguese by English-Spanish and Spanish-English bilinguals. For the study, twelve participants – all learners of Portuguese as a third language – were divided in two groups according to their first language (either English or Spanish). For the data collection, participants narrated the picture story “Frog, where are you?” by Mercer Mayer (1969). Participants also filled out the Language Experience And Proficiency Questionnaire (LEAP-Q) (Marian, Blumenfeld, and Kaushanskaya, 2007. ) The instances of language interaction were coded as "syntactic‟, "morphological‟, and "vocabulary‟.Statistics tests were run in order to determine which of the linguistic levels were highly present in the tokens and from which source language: English or Spanish. According to Hammarberg (2001), factors such as typology, second language (L2) status, proficiency, and language mode can predict the interactions among different languages in multilinguals. Based on the factors for interaction, two research questions were asked: 1) Which factors exert more influence in third language oral production: the typological distance or the L2 status?; 2) Which linguistic features in the target language (Portuguese) will be more influenced by the two previously acquired languages (English and Spanish): vocabulary, morphology or syntax?Based on these questions, two mutually exclusive hypotheses were formulated: 1) There will be more language interaction from Spanish than English due to the closest typological distance of Spanish in relation to Portuguese, if compared to English (Carvalho and Silva, 2006; Rothman, 2010;) 2) When English is the speakers‟ second language, it will generate more language interaction to Portuguese as L3 due to the foreign language status shared by the L2 and the L3 (Hammarberg, 2001. ) The results show that the typology factor seems to play a more important role in the types of interaction found in the sample researched. When Spanish as L2 was a more recurrent source of language interaction, it coincided with its closest typological distance in relation to Portuguese. Vocabulary interaction occurred more frequently than syntactic or morphological interaction. English as L2 did not show significance in the interaction of items with Portuguese.
Pesquisas sobre Bilinguismo e Multilinguismo encontraram evidência de que diferentes línguas competem entre si por ativação na mente de bilíngues e multilíngues (Dijkstra, Van Heuven, 2002; Dijkstra, 2003, Green, 1998). O presente estudo busca investigar a interação crosslinguística na produção oral de Português por bilíngues Inglês-Espanhol e Espanhol-Inglês – todos alunos de Português como terceira língua (L3). Para o estudo, doze participantes foram divididos em dois grupos de acordo com a sua primeira língua. Para a coleta de dados, os participantes narraram a história em imagens "Frog, where are you?" de Mercer Mayer (1969). Os participantes também preencheram o Questionário de Experiência Linguística e Proficiência (LEAP-Q na sigla em inglês) (Marian, Blumenfeld e Kaushanskaya, 2007. ) As interações crosslinguísticas foram codificadas de acordo com os níveis linguísticos em: sintáticas, morfológicas e de vocabulário.Testes estatísticos foram realizados para se determinar os níveis linguísticos mais transferidos e de qual língua fonte partiram: se do Inglês ou do Espanhol. De acordo com Hammarberg (2001), fatores como a tipologia, o status de língua estrangeira da segunda língua (L2), a proficiência e o modo de linguagem podem prever as interações entre os diferentes idiomas em multilíngues. Com base nos fatores para interação linguística, duas questões de pesquisa foram feitas: 1) Quais os fatores que exercem maior influência na produção oral de uma terceira língua: a distância tipológica ou o status de língua estrangeira da L2?; 2) Quais níveis linguísticos da língua-alvo (Português) serão mais influenciados pelas duas línguas previamente adquiridas (o Inglês e o Espanhol): o vocabulário, a morfologia ou a sintaxe?Baseando-se nessas questões teóricas, duas hipóteses mutuamente excludentes foram feitas: 1) Haverá maior interação crosslinguística partindo do Espanhol do que do Inglês devido à menor distância tipológica do Espanhol em relação ao Português, se comparado ao Inglês (Carvalho e Silva, 2006; Rothman, 2010); 2) Quando o Inglês for a segunda língua dos falantes, ele gerará mais interação com o Português como L3 devido ao status de língua estrangeira compartilhado entre a L2 e a L3 (Hammarberg, 2001. ) Os resultados mostram que o fator tipologia parece desempenhar um papel mais importante no tipo de interação encontrada na amostra pesquisada. Quando o Espanhol como L2 revelou-se fonte mais recorrente de interações, isso coincidiu com a sua distância tipológica ser mais próxima ao Português do que o Inglês. A transferência de vocabulário ocorreu com maior frequência do que a gramatical (morfológica e sintática). O Inglês como L2 não mostrou taxa significativa de interação com o Português.
15
Dong, Bei <1993>. "Investigating interpreter-mediated interaction in the Chinese bilingual courtroom: Analysis based on a multimodal corpus." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2022. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/10238/1/PhD%20thesis_Bei%20DONG.pdf.
Анотація:
This research project is based on the Multimodal Corpus of Chinese Court Interpreting (MUCCCI [mutʃɪ]), a small-scale multimodal corpus on the basis of eight authentic court hearings with Chinese-English interpreting in Mainland China. The corpus has approximately 92,500 word tokens in total. Besides the transcription of linguistic and para-linguistic features, utilizing the facial expression classification rules suggested by Black and Yacoob (1995), MUCCCI also includes approximately 1,200 annotations of facial expressions linked to the six basic types of human emotions, namely, anger, disgust, happiness, surprise, sadness, and fear (Black & Yacoob, 1995).
This thesis is an example of conducting qualitative analysis on interpreter-mediated courtroom interactions through a multimodal corpus. In particular, miscommunication events (MEs) and the reasons behind them were investigated in detail. During the analysis, although queries were conducted based on non-verbal annotations when searching for MEs, both verbal and non-verbal features were considered indispensable parts contributing to the entire context. This thesis also includes a detailed description of the compilation process of MUCCCI utilizing ELAN, from data collection to transcription, POS tagging and non-verbal annotation.
The research aims at assessing the possibility and feasibility of conducting qualitative analysis through a multimodal corpus of court interpreting. The concept of integrating both verbal and non-verbal features to contribute to the entire context is emphasized. The qualitative analysis focusing on MEs can provide an inspiration for improving court interpreters’ performances. All the constraints and difficulties presented can be regarded as a reference for similar research in the future.
16
Bellini, Serge. "Insécurité linguistique et alternance codique : le cas des professeurs de biologie dans les classes bilingues franco-moldaves." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA030013.
Анотація:
Notre recherche a été motivée par l’observation personnelle que nous avons pu faire des dispositifs d’enseignement bilingues scolaires en Europe centrale et orientale. Il nous ait paru justifié d’apporter notre réflexion à la problématique générale de l’enseignement bilingue. Nous avons choisi comme entrée la description, au sein du dispositif franco-moldave, des pratiques de classes des professeurs de biologie dispensant leur discipline en utilisant le français. Notre observation se focalise sur la gestion de leurs compétences langagières dans l’alternance entre le roumain et le français. Pour ce faire nous nous appuyons sur les analyses d’un corpus d’entretiens avec les enseignants et d’un corpus important de cours filmés.Nous sommes inscrits dans une démarche ethnographique en convoquant les outils de l’analyse interactionnelle. Notre analyse montre que, dans les classes observées, la transmission des connaissances disciplinaires se fait soit dans un registre monolingue L1 ou L2, soit dans un registre bilingue L1 et L2.La description détaillée que nous en faisons, montre des stratégies d’enseignement appliquées à la discipline avec une intégration de la L2 plus ou moins importante.Paradoxalement, les enseignants disposant moins de compétences langagières en L2 développent davantage un enseignement bilingue, soit un enseignement en deux langues, de leur discipline.En résumé, la gestion raisonnée de l’alternance codique est le coeur du processus de l’enseignement bilingue dont le bénéfice repose sur la maitrise de celle-ciOur research was motivated by personal observation realized in bilingual education systems of Central and Eastern Europe. We found it, justified tobring our thoughts to the general issue of bilingual education. We chose to enter in the reflection by the descriptive way of franco-moldovian practica classes of biology, where teachers provide their discipline using French. Our observation focuses on the management of their language skills in the alteration between Romanian and French built on the analysis of the corpus of interviews with the teachers and another filmed one with the lessons.To achieve this, we entered into the ethnographic approach applying the tools of the interactional analysis. Our analysis shows that in the classes underobservation, the transmission of discipline was made either in a monolingualL1/L2 register or in bilingual L1 and L2 one. The detailed description we make shows the teaching strategies applied with more or less important integration of L2 in the discipline.Paradoxically enough, the teachers with less L2 language skills develop moreb ilingual education, meaning more instructions in two languages in their discipline.To summarize, the heart of the process of bilingual education is the rational management of code-switching and the benefit is based on the level of its mastery
Cercetarea noastră a fost motivată de observația personală pe care amputut sa o facem a sistemelor școlare de învățământ bilingv din EuropaCentrală și de Orientală. Ne pare a fi justificat de a aduce reflecţia noastrăasupra problemei generale a învățământului bilingv. Am ales să abordămreflecţia prin descriere, în cadrul dispozitivului franco-moldovenesc, orepractice a profesorilor de biologie care asigură disciplina utilizînd limbafranceză. Analiza noastră se concentrează pe gestionarea competențelorlingvistice în alternanța între limba romană și limba franceză sprijinindu-ne peanalizele unui corpus de interviuri cu profesori și a unui corpus foarteimportant, a lecţiilor filmate.Pentru a face acest lucru, noi ne-am înregistrat la o abordareetnografică convocînd instrumentele unei analize interacționale. Analizanoastră arată că în clasele observate, transmiterea de cunoștințe disciplinare seefectuiaza fie într-un registru L1 monolingv sau L2 sau într-un registru bilingvL1 și L2. Descrierea detaliată pe care noi o facem, arată strategii de predareaplicate la disciplină cu o integrare a L2 mai mult sau mai puțin importantă.În mod paradoxal, profesorii care dispun de mai puţine competențelingvistice în L2 dezvoltă un învățământ bilingv, fie un învăţămînt în douălimbi, a disciplinei lor.Pe scurt, gestionarea rațională a alternanţei codicale este centrulprocesului învăţămîntului bilingv, a cărui beneficiu se bazează pe stăpânireaacesteia
17
Wehbe, Mathilda. "Dialogue, interaction et apprentissage : les pratiques dialogales : de la méthode aux classes de FLES au Liban." Thesis, Lyon 2, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LYO20074.
Анотація:
Dans ce travail de thèse, nous étudions les pratiques dialogales dans les classes de FLES au Liban. L’objectif est de caractériser le rapport existant entre les manifestations dialogales présentes, en amont, sous diverses formes (dialogue modèle, consignes…) dans un manuel de FLE et les phénomènes dialogaux observables, en aval, dans les classes de FLES qui les utilisent, en particulier lors des jeux de rôle mis en œuvre par les apprenants.La visée de cette recherche est d’étudier l’exploitation qui est faite du dialogue fictionnel du manuel à travers les interactions entre partenaires de la classe de langue au Liban. Qu’est-ce que les enseignants et/ou les apprenants en gardent et, au contraire, qu’est-ce qu’ils laissent de côté ? Comment les dialogues ou documents pédagogiques du manuel sont-ils exploités ? Les consignes du livre de l’élève sont-elles exécutées (ou non) à la lettre ? Les conseils « interactionnels » du livre du professeur sont-ils suivis (ou non) ? Etc. Nous tentons ainsi d’apporter une meilleure compréhension de la variété et de la spécificité des pratiques dialogales mises en œuvre dans des classes de FLES arabo-libanaises utilisant un manuel franco-françaisIn this PhD thesis, we investigate dialogical practices in French as Foreign and Second Language (FFSL) classrooms in Lebanon. The objective is to characterize the relationship between the existing dialogical manifestations in various forms (model dialogue, instructions...) found in the FFL textbook and the dialogical phenomena observable in FFSL classes that use them, particularly during role-play activities performed by the learners.The aim of this research is to study the exploitation of fictional dialogue found in the textbook through interactions among partners in the classroom in Lebanon. What do teachers and/or students keep from the dialogue and what do they leave aside? How are the textbook’s dialogues or pedagogical documents implemented? Are the instructions of the student’s textbook applied literally or not? Are the interactional tips of the teacher’s book abided by or not? Thus, we try to provide a better understanding of the variety and specificity of dialogical practices implemented in Lebanese FFSL classes using a French textbook
18
Tognini, Rita. "Interaction in languages other than English classes in Western Australian primary and secondary schools: Theory, practice and perceptions." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2008. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/26.
Анотація:
This descriptive study investigated the interaction of teachers and learners in ten primary and secondary school languages other than English (LOTE) classes in Western Australia, with the aim of providing a detailed picture of its nature and patterns. Teachers' and learners' perceptions of this interaction were also examined as part of the study, through interviews conducted with them.
19
Yamamoto, Noriko. "Effects of setting on Japanese ESL students' interaction patterns." PDXScholar, 1991. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/4272.
Анотація:
Japanese ESL students are often evaluated negatively by their teachers because of their quiet verbal behavior in the classroom; yet, this study suggests that such silence may be situation specific. The purpose of this study is to describe characteristics of eight Japanese ESL students' production and interaction by comparing with those of four non-Japanese students, across three settings: teacher-fronted, group work, and NS-NNS conversation.
20
Sepulchre-Manteau, Elisabeth. "Role d'une interaction langagiere bilingue (langue des signes francaise/francais oral) au cours de l'acquisition du langage par l'enfant sourd." Paris 3, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA030066.
Анотація:
Cette these presente l'importance, pour le petit enfant sourd profond, de pouvoir acquerir precocement la langue des signes comme langue premiere dans sa famille et son cadre educatif : la langue vocale francaise, orale et ecrite, sera alors sa langue seconde. Malgre les difficultes d'acces a la langue vocale, il semble neanmoins important et possible de la lui apporter, en utilisant tous les canaux sensoriels, mais sans acharnement reeducatif. Dans cette education bilingue, pour que l'acquisition de la langue orale se passe de facon plus naturelle, il est possible pour des adultes connaissant bien la langue des signes d'utiliser une forme souple de francais signe. Des dialogues entre des orthophonistes, travaillant dans cette optique, et des enfants sourds sont enregistres et transcrits selon une methologie specifique elaboree pour cette recherche. L'analyse des corpus met en evidence les strategies communicatives originales utilisees par les adultes et les enfants et confirme que chaque enfant sourd a son propre parcours langagier. Elle demontre que ces echanges bilingues permettent d'offrir a l'enfant sourd des situations interactives comparables a celles vit que l'enfant entendant : ils facilitent l'intercomprehension et permettent a l'enfant sourd de s'approprier des elements lexicaux et des constructions syntaxiques du language de l'adulte, pour son propre fonctionnement cognitivo-langagierThis thesis describes the importance for little deaf children to learn, so early as possible, sign language as a first language in their family and educative context, so, oral and written vocal french will be their second language. Even if having access to this vocal language is difficult, it seems important and possible to offer it to the child, using all sensorial ways, but without reeducational relentiessness. In this bilingual education, to make this language learning more natural, it is possible for adults having a good knowledge of sign language to use an adaptable form of signed french. Conversations between speech-therapists, working in that way, and deaf children are recorded and written according to a method especially elaborated for this research. Corpus analysis shows up orignal communicative strategies used by adults and children and confirms that each deaf child has its own linguistic course. This proves that these bilingual exchanges alow to offer the deaf child interactive situations as well as for the hearing child : they make mutual inderstanding easier and allow the deaf child to appropriate lexical constituents and syntactical forms of adult's language, for its own cognitive and linguistic working
21
Fahad, Ahmed K. "Understanding How Power and Identity Work in Interactions between Native and Non-Native English Speakers." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1490698649076512.
22
Ngo, Sarah Marie. "Reading Aloud to Bilingual Students: Examining the Interaction Patterns Between Pre-service Elementary Teachers and Bilingual Children in the Context of Small Group Read Alouds in Maintstream Classroom Settings." Thesis, Boston College, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2345/2528.
Анотація:
Thesis advisor: Curt Dudley-MarlingFederal legislation now requires that all children participate in large-scale, statewide assessments in English in an effort to increase accountability and bolster student achievement (Abedi, Hofstetter, & Lord, 2004; Hass, 2002). Students labeled as "English language learners" (ELLs) consistently score dramatically lower on English language and literacy assessments than their native speaking peers (Au & Raphael, 2000; National Center for Educational Statistics, 2011). Additionally, most mainstream teachers are not adequately prepared to meet the linguistic challenges that ELLs face in classroom settings (Lucas & Villegas, 2011). Reading aloud to bilingual students, specifically using components of a shared reading model (Holdaway, 1979), potentially provides an avenue for meaningful language and literacy development. While a corpus of research exists about reading aloud with English-speaking students, there has been limited research on its use with bilingual students in classroom settings. Drawing on a sociocultural theoretical framework (Gee, 1996; Vygotsky, 1978), the Output Hypothesis of second language acquisition (Swain, 1985), ethnographic perspectives (Heath & Street, 2008), action research (Stringer, 1999) and discourse analysis (Bloome et al., 2008), this qualitative study examined the practice of four pre-service elementary teachers reading aloud English texts (fiction, expository, and poetry) to small groups of bilingual students across four grade levels. The research was conducted to study pre-service teachers' language and literacy teaching practices and pre-service teacher-bilingual student interaction patterns in read aloud contexts to better understand their potential for bilingual student language and literacy learning. Additionally, the study provided beginning teachers with professional development geared towards helping pre-service teachers to meet the unique language and literacy needs of bilingual students. It was found that pre-service teachers consistently strived to develop students' word knowledge and support text comprehension. In doing so, teachers utilized a variety of teaching practices and linguistic patterns of interaction during read alouds which varied across teachers. The argument is made that these various teacher moves and discourse patterns led to qualitatively different types of interactions and affordances for bilingual student learning. Implications for mainstream classroom teachers and teacher education programs are provided
Thesis (PhD) — Boston College, 2012
Submitted to: Boston College. Lynch School of Education
Discipline: Teacher Education, Special Education, Curriculum and Instruction
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Brezjanovic-Shogren, Jelena. "Analysis of code-switching and code-mixing among bilingual children: two case studies of Serbian-English language interaction." Thesis, Wichita State University, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10057/5051.
Анотація:
This research attempts to expose the patterns of language behavior of two five-year old bilingual children through the analysis of the code-switching and code-mixing occurrences in their everyday conversational interactions. The goal of the study is to analyze the code choice and the motivation behind such pattern in order to see whether there are any differences between the two case studies, and most of all, what is causing these differences in linguistic behavior to occur. Data used in analysis was collected during informal conversations recorded in home domain of the two families studied. The recorded data along with the observational notes collected was then analyzed sentence by sentence and separated into several dyads in order to understand the relation between the children‟s code-switching/code-mixing and the interlocutor.
It is concluded that most common motivation behind their code choice is solidarity –establishing “we code”, referential, directive, and reactive to positive/ negative face and power. The major difference between the two children‟s language behavior regarding code choice is rather in the patterns of code-switching versus code-mixing. The boy, being a natural bilingual who acquired the second language (L2) simultaneously is more prone to code-switch in certain situations. On the other hand, the girl, who acquired L2 consecutively and therefore adopted the syntax of Serbian language, uses more code-mixing during her conversational interactions. This showed close connection of the linguistic behavior with the linguistic environment exposing essential mechanisms of children‟s ability to adjust their language skills to their conversational needs.Thesis (M.A.)--Wichita State University, College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, Dept. of Anthropology
24
Ooi, Seok Hui. "Linguistic and non-linguistic factors influencing attentional control performance in bilinguals and monolinguals in Singapore and Edinburgh." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/31209.
Анотація:
The suggestion that bilinguals show enhanced cognitive control compared to monolinguals in certain aspects of executive function has received much contention. While this has been explained as a result of the extensive training in bilinguals having to manage the conflict that arises from their concurrently active langauges, others have argued that the superiority in executive control is attenuated when background variables such as immigration status, education and general cognitive ability is taken into account. This thesis was motivated by the general question: How is executive control influenced by differing bilingualism experiences? To this end, we compared attentional control performance in bilinguals and monolinguals on the Attention Network Test, the auditory Elevator task (Test of Everyday Attention), and the number Stroop task. The main aim of the thesis was to examine the role of two bilingualism factors: (i) interactional context (defined in the Adaptive Control Hypothesis, Green & Abutalebi, 2013), which pertains to how bilinguals switch between their languages, and (ii) linguistic distance, which refers to the extent of similarity between the bilingual's languages. The comparison between Edinburgh monolinguals, Edinburgh late bilinguals, Edinburgh early bilinguals, and Singapore early bilinguals as differentiated by their interactional context revealed better performance in bilinguals on two specific test components. Singapore bilinguals, who came from a dual-language and dense code-switching context, showed enhanced conflict resolution on the Attention Network Test, whilst Edinburgh late bilinguals, who were from a single-language context, were better on the Elevator reversal subtest tapping on attentional switching. The results thus suggest differential effects of interactional context on attentional control. We further compared task performance of bilinguals with related or distant L1-L2 combinations as defined by the linguistic and orthography overlap between their two languages. The data did not support a role of linguistic distance on attentional control. Edinburgh bilinguals studying an Indo-European language performed similarly to those studying the non Indo-European languages of Chinese and Japanese. In Singapore bilinguals, English-Chinese bilinguals also did not differ from English-Malay bilinguals on any of the test components. We supplemented the investigation by further examining if the factors of test-order and age could impact on how differences between monolinguals and bilinguals are exhibited. Our results suggest that monolinguals may show an improvement in attentional control after relatively short periods of engagement in experimental tasks, whilst bilinguals did not receive this boost. Test order may therefore partly explain the inconsistencies in literature regarding the claimed bilingual advantage. The comparison between older and younger adults also implied an effect of age. In young adults, bilinguals outperformed monolinguals on the Elevator reversal subtest of auditory switching, whereas the advantage shown in older bilinguals was on visual attentional orienting. The results across the various themes are reviewed and discussed with relevance to the current standing in the field, and suggestions for future research directions are put forth.
25
Vickers, Caroline H. "Interactional accommodation and the construction of social roles among culturally diverse undergraduates." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/290133.
Анотація:
This study explores the interactional achievement of intersubjectivity between native speakers (NS) and nonnative speakers (NNS) of English engaged in high stakes teamwork. I term the interactional achievement of intersubjectivity Interactional Accommodation. In particular, this study examines how strategies that NSs and NNSs employ to interactionally accommodate are related to language proficiency, successful team outcomes, and to the construction of team hierarchy. The context of the study is the team meeting associated with a design course in the department of electrical and computer engineering (ECE) at an American university, a setting in which NSs and NNSs work together on teams throughout the year to design operable electronic devices. Data was collected during one year from seven teams and a total of 27 participants through participant observation, video and audio taping of team meetings, and participant playback sessions. Data analysis incorporated an integrated approach informed by a variety of discourse analytic approaches. Findings demonstrate that the ability of teammates to interactionally accommodate to each other is correlated with the team's success. However, NSs and NNSs tend to employ strategies with different frequencies and in qualitatively distinct ways. These differences become important to the development of team hierarchy because strategies that NSs and NNSs employ tend to allow NSs control over the interpretive frame, which contributes to the construction of NSs as higher status team members than NNSs. The ability to control the interpretive frame is related to language proficiency, but in some cases NNSs develop strategies that allow them to control the interpretive frame and gain high status.
26
Morgan, Larry Douglas. "Effects of participant roles on input interactions and comprehensible output." PDXScholar, 1992. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/4431.
Анотація:
The purpose of this thesis is to investigate what effect, if any, the social roles between second language learners and their conversational partners have on the types and frequencies of the following discourse categories: (a) input interactional modifications (b) corrections of language learners' linguistic errors by others and (c) language learners' production of comprehensible output. This study also seeks to corroborate previous research findings with regards to negotiation of meaning interactions (Pica, 1988; Pica, Holliday, Lewis & Morgenthaler, 1989) and other-corrections of language learners' linguistic errors (Chun, Day, Chenoweth & Luppescu, 1982).
27
Liang, Mei-Ya. "Interaction in EFL online classes how Web-facilitated instruction influences EFL university students' reading and learning /." [Bloomington, Ind.] : Indiana University, 2006. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:3215226.
Анотація:
Thesis (Ph.D.)--Indiana University, Dept. of Language Education, 2006.Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 67-04, Section: A, page: 1257. Advisers: Larry Mikulecky; Curtis J. Bonk. "Title from dissertation home page (viewed June 19, 2007)."
28
Chiao, Yun-Chuang. "Extraction lexicale bilingue à partir de textes médicaux comparables : application à la recherche d'information translangue." Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2004. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00007704.
Анотація:
L'accroissement explosif des connaissances dans le domaine médical et l'inflation textuelle et multilingue, notamment sur le Web, confèrent à l'accès, l'exploitation ou la traduction de ces informations un enjeu important. Ces traitements nécessitent des ressources lexicales multilingues qui font partiellement défaut. L'actualisation de ces ressources multilingues est donc une problématique clé dans l'accès à ces informations. Les travaux présentés ici ont été réalisés dans le cadre de l'extraction de lexique bilingue spécialisé à partir de textes médicaux comparables. L'objectif est d'évaluer et de proposer un outil d'aide à l'actualisation de lexique bilingue spécialisé et à la recherche d'information translangue en s'appuyant sur l'exploitation de ressources bilingues provenant du Web dans le domaine médical. Nous présentons un modèle fondé sur l'analyse distributionnelle en introduisant à cette occasion une nouvelle notion que nous nommons symétrie distributionnelle. En général, les modèles classiques d'extraction de lexique bilingue à partir de corpus comparables établissent la relation de traduction entre deux mots en calculant la ressemblance entre leurs distributions d'une langue vers l'autre (par exemple, du français vers l'anglais). L'hypothèse de symétrie distributionnelle postule que la ressemblance des distributions de deux mots dans les deux directions de langues est un critère fort du lien traductionnel entre ces mots. Deux grandes applications de ce modèle ont été expérimentées afin de le valider. Il s'agit de l'extraction d'un lexique bilingue médical (français-anglais) et de la recherche d'information translangue. Dans le cas de l'extraction lexicale bilingue, les résultats montrent que la prise en compte de la symétrie distributionnelle améliore la performance de manière significative par rapport aux modèles classiques. Dans le cas de la recherche d'information translangue, notre modèle a été appliqué pour traduire et étendre les requêtes. Les résultats montrent que lorsque les propositions de traduction ou d'extension sont supervisées par l'utilisateur, il améliore la recherche d'information par rapport à une traduction basée sur un dictionnaire initial.
29
Ng, Eva. "The atypical bilingual courtroom : an exploratory study of the interactional dynamics in interpreter-mediated trials in Hong Kong." Thesis, Aston University, 2013. http://publications.aston.ac.uk/20908/.
Анотація:
This study investigates the communication process in the atypical bilingual Hong Kong courtroom, where, unlike in most other jurisdictions, interpreting services are routinely provided for the linguistic majority instead of the linguistic minority and the interpreter usually has to work with court actors who share his/her bilingual knowledge. It sets out to explore how the unique nature of the bilingual Hong Kong courtroom impacts on interactional dynamics in communicative process in the courtroom and potentially on the administration of justice, using authentic recordings of nine criminal trials from three court levels, supplemented by a survey administered to court interpreters. It compares the participant roles of different court actors in different court settings, monolingual and bilingual, using Goffman’s (1981) participation framework and Bell’s (1984) audience design as the conceptual framework. It is found that the notion of recipientship in the atypical bilingual Hong Kong courtroom is complicated by the presence of other bilinguals, which inevitably changes the interactional dynamics and impacts on the power of court interpreter as these bilinguals take on more participant roles in the process. The findings of this study show that the power of court actors is realised in the participant role(s) they and the other co-present court actors take on or are capable of playing. The findings also indicate that a change in the participant role of a court actor has an impact on the participation status other actors, which may in turn hamper the administration of justice. It is also found that the notion of power asymmetry in the courtroom has an effect on the footings adopted by the interpreter and thus on his/her neutrality. This thesis identifies training needs and makes recommendations for best practice in the courtroom and for institutional administrative practice.
30
Mann, Lisa Sybil. "The Influence of Student Gender on Teacher/Student Interactions in ESL Classrooms." PDXScholar, 1996. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/5085.
Анотація:
Because teacher I student interactions provide opportunities for correction and comprehensible input, a major component of successful language learning, equitable distribution of teacher I student interactions in the language classroom is an important element for the success of all second language students. The purpose of the present study was to determine whether differences in teacher I student interactions based on student gender occurred in four college English as a Second Language instructors' classrooms. The role of instructor gender and student ethnicity in teacher I student interaction content and frequency were also examined. Informal interviews were designed to determine the instructors' awareness of their classroom behaviors as they relate to equality in teacher I student interactions. The subjects in this study were two male and two female ESL instructors and their students from two private Portland area universities. Interaction frequency data were collected using a seating chart instrument which placed interactions into three categories. Interaction content was determined through the use of a modified Equivalent Talk Category Classroom Interaction Inventory (ETC) (developed by Bentley and Miller, 1971) which classified the interactions into eight separate categories. All data were analyzed using a factorial ANOV A for which the mean behaviors per fifty minute observation acted as the dependent variable and student gender, student ethnicity, instructor gender, and category type served as the independent variables. The analysis revealed that one male and one female instructor interacted significantly more frequently with their male students than they did with their female students and one female instructor interacted significantly more frequently with her female students. Student ethnicity was a major contributor to the disparity in interactions in both classrooms in which males interacted more than females. Middle Eastern and African male students were found to interact with their instructor significantly more frequently than Asian male students. No difference in interaction content was found in interactions between instructors and their male and female students. Instructor interviews revealed that all instructors believed they used a variety of methods to ensure interaction equality in their classrooms indicating that they were not aware of the differences in interaction frequencies which were discovered.
31
McParker, Matthew Carl. "Intercultural Interactions Among Burmese Refugees in Multicultural Middle School Classrooms." Thesis, Portland State University, 2016. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10132008.
Анотація:
The largest refugee group entering the United States in recent years is from Burma. Refugee students face a daunting set of challenges, from language and cultural differences to living in poverty, in becoming successful in their new homes. To be successful in schools and gain cultural and social capital, refugee students must learn and internalize the specific norms of their classrooms. In middle school, students are particularly reliant upon their peers for support, making peer interactions especially important. In multicultural settings, students have ample opportunities for intercultural interactions, which can help refugee students navigate their new settings and become more successful. Unfortunately, there has been little research on the experiences of Burmese refugee students in classrooms in the United States.
I used a qualitative, transcendental phenomenological approach to study how three female Burmese refugee students experienced multicultural middle school classrooms in the United States, especially their intercultural interactions, through interviews, observations, and stimulated recall.
The participants reported wanting to understand what they were learning, stay on task, and be kind to other students. Those traits developed from their experiences in their countries of origin and combined to create a picture of what a good student should be. In observations, students acted out their ideas of what it meant to be a good student. Their intercultural interactions in class reaffirmed their identities as good students.
Implications based on the findings include setting up intentional intercultural interactions with a diverse group of students in classrooms with multicultural approaches and that researchers examine the experiences of various groups of marginalized students while accounting for the context in which they learn and acknowledging a multifaceted view of adolescent identity development.
32
Burgat, Sandrine. "Approche directe de l'écrit chez l'apprenant sourd dans une perspective bilingue : analyse longitudinale d'une expérimentation de dictée à l'expert en LSF conduite auprès de cinq enfants sourds." Paris 8, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA082957.
Анотація:
L'objectif de notre recherche est de penser autrement un apprentissage de la lecture-écriture chez l'enfant sourd signeur et de montrer que le langage de l'enfant sourd n'a pas lieu de s'inscrire dans une perspective pathologique. Nous tentons de mettre en lumière comment on peut concevoir l'accès à la littératie des personnes sourds dans une optique bilingue LSF/ français écrit et via des méthodes directes d'enseignement. Notre hypothèse de recherche est que la démarche de la dictée à l'expert peut être utilisée auprès d'un public sourd avec la langue des signes comme langue des interactions. Pour répondre à cette hypothèse, nous avons testé sur une base longitudinale l'efficacité de la démarche de dictée à l'adulte auprès de 5 enfants sourds locuteurs de la LSF scolarisés en CLIS dans une école de Nevers (Nièvre). L'analyse des corpus met à jour le rôle de la dictée à l'expert en LSF dans la progression de ces enfants vers la maîtrise de l'écritThe aim of this research is to find new perspectives for teaching to write and read in french language to deaf children expressing themselves in sign language. We try to show that the language of these children is not to be considered as pathological. We are proposing a model to access literacy in a bilingual way (sign language/ french written language) and through direct method of instruction. Our hypothesis is that a method called in French "dictée à l'expert" (dictation to an expert) can be used in sign language interacting with deaf people. We have tested on a longitudinal base the efficiency of this way of learning with five young children studying in a school of Nevers (Nièvre, France). The analysis of the corpus demonstrate the role of "dictée à l'expert" in these children progression with reading and writing
33
Koo, Bonhee. "Developing the English interactional competence of junior college students in Korea." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 1998. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/1449.
34
Hernandez, Gonzalez Olivia. "Predictors of Behavior Problems in the Context of Peer Play Interactions: A Sample of Low-Income Latino Preschoolers." Scholar Commons, 2017. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/6861.
Анотація:
Latinos are the fastest-growing minority group in the United States and have higher dropout rates compared to other groups. Moreover, problem behaviors are common in preschool classrooms, and the incidence of these problems is higher for children from low-income families. The purpose of this study was to understand Latino children's problem behaviors in the context of peer play interactions and identify those variables that influence such behavior. 265 five and six-year-old Spanish-speaking children (53.6% female) attending Head Start or kindergarten participated in the study. Additionally, 198 mothers and 78 pre-kindergarten and kindergarten lead teachers participated in the study. Child level data were gathered through the Penn Interactive Peer Play Scale, Teacher (PIPPS-T), the Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test, Fourth Edition (PPVT-4), and the Test de Vocabulario en Imágenes Peabody (TVIP). Maternal data were obtained from the Demographic Parent Interview, the Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI), and the Breve Inventario de Síntomas (BIS). Both correlations and the multilevel models showed play disconnection related negatively to the child’s English proficiency and positively to maternal depression. Results suggest that children with lower English proficiency tend to be more disconnected from their peers as compared to children with higher English proficiency. Similarly, mothers with higher levels of depression symptoms had children with higher levels of play disconnection (internalizing behaviors). The current findings are consistent with previous studies and relevant to both researchers and practitioners.
35
Jackson, Marguerite Faye. "Improving interactional competence in a Teaching-English-to-Speakers-of-Other-Languages training program." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2000. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/1619.
36
Hargrave, Lauren D. "An Examination of the Association Between Student-Teacher Interactions and Academic Self-Concept Among African American Male High School Students." UKnowledge, 2015. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/edp_etds/35.
Анотація:
Students generally spend more than ten years interacting with teachers in a classroom and thus, such interactions can have a positive or negative impact on students’ academic self-concept and educational goals (Rosenthal, Folse, Allerman, Boudreaux, Soper, & Von Bergen, 2000). The purpose of this study is to determine whether there is a significant relationship between student-teacher interactions and academic self-concept. Participants in the study include African American male high school students in an urban school district. The independent variable is the student-teacher interactions, as measured by the Student-Professor Interaction Scale (Cokley et al., 2004). The dependent variable is the students’ academic-self-concept, which is measured by the Academic Self-Concept Scale (Reynolds, Ramirez, Magrina, & Allen, 1980). The data was analyzed by using Pearson’s correlation and hierarchical multiple regression to determine if there was a statistically significant relationship between the two variables. Findings, study limitations, and future research directions are also discussed.
37
Gynne, Annaliina. "Languaging and Social Positioning in Multilingual School Practices : Studies of Sweden Finnish Middle School Years." Doctoral thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Utbildningsvetenskap och Matematik, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-31774.
Анотація:
The overall aim of the thesis is to examine young people’s languaging, including literacy practices, and its relation to meaning-making and social positioning. Framed by sociocultural and dialogical perspectives, the thesis builds upon four studies that arise from (n)ethnographic fieldwork conducted in two different settings: an institutional educational setting where bilingualism and biculturalism are core values, and social media settings. In the empirical studies, micro-level interactions, practices mediated by languaging and literacies, social positionings and meso-level discourses as well as their intertwinedness have been explored and discussed. The data, analysed through adapted conversational and discourse analytical methods, include video and audio recordings, field notes, pedagogic materials, policy documents, photographs as well as (n)ethnographic data. Study I illuminates the doing of linguistic-cultural ideologies and policies in everyday pedagogical practices and focuses on situated and distributed social actions as nexuses of several practices where a number of locally and nationally relevant discourses circulate. In Study II, the focus is on everyday communicative practices on the micro and meso levels and the interrelations of different linguistic varieties and modalities in the bilingual-bicultural educational setting. Study III highlights young people’s languaging, including literacies, in everyday learning practices that stretch across formal and informal learning spaces. Study IV examines social positioning and identity work in informal and heteroglossic literacy practices across the offline-online continuum. Consequently, the four studies map the kinds of languaging practices young people are engaged in both inside and outside of what are labelled as bilingual school settings. Furthermore, the studies highlight the kinds of social positions they perform and are oriented towards in the course of their everyday lives. Overall, the findings of the thesis highlight issues of bilingualism as pedagogy and practice, the (un)problematicity of multilingualism across space and time and multilingual-multimodal languaging as a premise for social positioning. Together, the studies and the thesis form a descriptive-analytical illustration of “multilingual” young people’s everyday lives in and out of school in late modern societies of the global North. Overall, the thesis provides insights concerning the education and lives of a large, yet sparsely documented minority group in Sweden, i.e. the Sweden Finns.Denna avhandling fokuserar på ungdomars språkande, inklusive literacy-praktiker, och dess relation till deras meningsskapande och social positionering. Avhandlingen tar avstamp i sociokulturell och dialogisk teoribildning och bygger på fyra studier som blivit till genom (n)etnografiskt fältarbete i två olika sammanhang: inom en skola där tvåspråkighet och bikulturalitet är viktiga värderingar, och sociala medier. I de empiriska studierna undersöks hur interaktion, språkande och literacy-praktiker och sociala positioneringar görs på mikronivå. Dessa fenomen studeras vidare i anslutning till och som en del av diskurser som drivs på meso-nivå. Avhandlingens data har analyserats med tillämpade samtals- och diskursanalytiska metoder och inkluderar video- och audioinspelningar, fältanteckningar, pedagogiska material, policy-dokumentation, fotografier samt (n)etnografiskt skapad data. I Studie I undersöks hur lingvistisk-kulturella ideologier och policys görs i vardagliga pedagogiska praktiker. Den fokuserar på situerade och distribuerade sociala handlingar som praktiknexus där flera lokalt och nationellt relevanta diskurser cirkulerar. Studie II intresserar sig för vardagliga kommunikativa praktiker på mikro- och meso-nivåer samt för samspelet av språkliga varieteter och modaliteter i den tvåspråkiga-bikulturella skolan. I Studie III studeras ungdomars språkande, inklusive literacies, i vardagliga lärandepraktiker som sträcker sig över tid och rum i formella och informella lärandemiljöer. Studie IV fokuserar på social positionering och identitetsarbete i informella och heteroglossiska literacy-praktiker både offline och online. Tillsammans kartlägger de fyra studierna olika slags språkandepraktiker som ungdomarna deltar i och bidrar till både inom och utanför vad som kallas för tvåspråkiga skolsammanhang. Vidare illustrerar studierna vardagslivets görande av olika slags sociala positioneringar och identitetsperformanser. Resultaten visar på hur tvåspråkigheten i skolans värld kan ses som både pedagogik och praktik, att flerspråkigheten är (o)problematisk för ungdomarna och för skolan och att språkandets karaktär som flerspråkig och multimodal är central för social positionering. Studierna och avhandlingen bildar tillsammans en deskriptiv-analytisk illustration av ”flerspråkiga” ungdomars vardag i och utanför skolan i ett senmodernt nordiskt samhälle. Vidare bidrar avhandlingen till kunskapsbasen gällande utbildningsfrågor och vardag för en av Sveriges nationella minoriteter, sverigefinländare.
LIMCUL
DIMuL
38
Mermet, Michel Favereau Francis. "Informatique et maîtrise de l'oral en maternelle bilingue breton-français modèle de l'élève dans le dialogue enfant-ordinateur et ergonomie de la parole /." Rennes : Université Rennes 2, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00199337/fr.
39
Bravo, Cladera Nadezhda. "Y, PERO, ASÍ QUE y ES QUE : Un estudio de su uso en las interacciones del español de jóvenes bilingües y unilingües." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Romanska språk, 2004. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-4308.
Анотація:
The focus of this study is use of discourse markers (DM). Data consists of taped interactions of informants. From this data, four particular DM are analyzed with regard to distribution in turn taking. The concepts of cohesion and coherence in text or discourse, together with informants´ communicative and discourse strategies, in a group of bilingual speakers (BS) and a control group of monolingual speakers (MS), are also analyzed. The findings confirm that BS, compared to the MS, make more frequent use of y with a pragmatic meaning when introducing various types of questions that constitute requests for elucidation directed to an interlocutor and thereby continue the interaction. In general, however, the MS use the DM y more frequently than the BS, demonstrating a more elaborate sense of stylistics in the coordination of their turn as narrations and descriptions. With regard to pero, the BS prefer to use this DM with a pragmatic meaning, in the continuation of an intervention or at the end of a turn, in order to question that which has been stated. The MS use pero primarily with a semantic meaning, to express counter-arguments inside a turn. It is exclusively the BS who use the DM así que with pragmatic meaning of consequence, in interactional exchanges, when they wish to introduce questions and assertions, where así que begins their reaction to the utterance of the interlocutor. Such questions may be regarded as a discourse strategy that permits possibilities for avoiding taking responsibility for how an utterance is interpreted. In addition, both the BS and the MS use así que at the end of turns, providing the discourse with meta-pragmatic meaning whereby it allows possibilities for interpreting this as finalizing. Through their use of es que, the BS gradually explain and justify statements made in utterances during their turns while the MS, through use in their discourse of this DM, allows them to introduce explications, justifications or excuses in the event of possible disagreement. In addition, the MS use justification introduced through this DM as a strategy to take a turn or to attempt to take over the turn, where es que conveys discourse-pragmatic meaning and introduces a tone of verbal courtesy.Den digitala versionen: ny rev. utg. 2005.
40
Gordeeva, Olga. "Language interaction in the bilingual acquisition of sound structure : a longitudinal study of vowel quality, duration and vocal effort in pre-school children speaking Scottish English and Russian." Thesis, Queen Margaret University, 2006. https://eresearch.qmu.ac.uk/handle/20.500.12289/7440.
Анотація:
This PhD thesis contributes new empirical knowledge to the question of what paths bilingual acquisition of sound structure can take in early simultaneous bilinguals. The issues of language differentiation and interaction are considered in their relationship to language input, crosslinguistic structure and longitudinal effects. Two Russian-Scottish English subjects aged between 3;4 and 4;5 were recorded longitudinally. Russian was spoken in their families, and Scottish English in the community (Edinburgh, UK). The family environments were similar, but one subject had received substantially more input in Russian than the other one. We addressed the detail of their production of prominent syllable-nuclear vowels in Scottish English and in Russian with regard to their vowel quality, duration and vocal effort. Language differentiation and interaction patterns were derived by accounting for the language mode, and by statistical comparison of the crosslinguistic structures to the speech of monolingual peers (n=7) and adults (n=14). Subjects' bilingual results revealed both substantial language differentiation and systematic language interaction patterns. The extent of language differentiation and directionality of interaction depended on the amount of language exposure. Its directionality did not necessarily depend on the markedness of the crosslinguistic structures, and could be bi-directional for the same properties. Longitudinally, language differentiation increased, while interaction reduced. The amount of reduction depended on both language input and the structural complexity of the languages with segmental tense/lax contract and complex postvocalic vowel duration conditioning showing more persistent language interaction effects. The results confirmed the importance of language input. We showed that in bilingual phonological development language interaction should be considered as a normal but non-obligatory process. Besides, some structurally complex processes potentially explainable by 'markedness' (applied to isolated segments) could rather be explained by lexical and phonotactic factors.
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Chenon, Christophe. "Vers une meilleure utilisabilité des mémoires de traduction, fondée sur un alignement sous-phrastique." Phd thesis, Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00012126.
Анотація:
La traduction assistée par ordinateur a connu un grand essor dans les années 1990 avec l'arrivée des environnements à mémoires de traduction. Ces systèmes exploitent la redondance des textes techniques produits et traduits dans l'industrie, en proposant aux traducteurs de réutiliser des traductions archivées et d'accroître ainsi leur productivité. Ces mémoires utilisent, sans analyse, des segments de textes (le plus souvent des phrases entières) dont le découpage et l'alignement sont garantis par le traducteur.Pourtant ces mémoires recèlent des gisements d'information importants au niveau sous-phrastique dont les utilisateurs ne peuvent pas bénéficier. Le formalisme TransTree permet de représenter des correspondances sous-segmentales enchassées bilingues. Ces correspondances complexes (les amphigrammes) forment une structure arborescente exprimable en XML. Une transformation de surface conduit à une visualisation dynamique mettant en évidence les différents niveaux de correspondance entre sous-segments.
TransTree s'accompagne d'une méthode générale de construction par voie statistique, fondée sur les arbres binaires de sécabilité. Cette méthode permet d'établir des amphigrammes à partir des correspondances entre mots typographiques. Il est possible d'abstraire des patrons de traduction (amphigrammes génériques) par classification des exemples rencontrés dans le corpus.
Quelques expérimentations ont été effectuées pour valider le pouvoir d'expression du formalisme, explorer différentes options de construction et esquisser un algorithme de reconstitution d'un segment cible à partir d'un segment source inconnu avec la connaissance extraite des mémoires de traduction.
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Almeida, Djair Lázaro de. "Português como segunda língua para surdos : a escrita construída em situações de interação mediadas pela Libras." Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016. https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/8756.
Анотація:
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This research aims to describe and analyze the process of writing in Portuguese as a second language, undertaken by deaf participants in context of interactional and dialogical workshops, from a collective rewriting work of an adventure story, reflecting on interdiscursive interactions between sign language and written Portuguese. The rewrite was placed in this work as the object of reflection on practices and discursive formations which focused on learning of deaf participants. The discussions on this theme were guided by Bakhtin assumptions from the enunciative-discursive conception of language. This design allows us to understand the subjects in their discursive constitution through social relations in which they participate, incorporating the different social voices. For this purpose the workshops were videotaped as the intention to focus dialogic aspects of the interaction between the subjects. The episodes that make up the corpus of analysis were selected from the workshops developed in the course of the years 2013 and 2014, considering the communicative context. The excerpts of the episodes whose enunciations presented significant in relation to production strategies, review and language reflection collectively were transcribed from sign language (Libras) to Portuguese writing. The data was treated from three axes of analysis: interaction between deaf peers and between educators and listeners; language skills and written evidence. The axes analyzed allowed the establishment of qualitative values of the demanding language working by deaf people in writing workshop activities. Regarding the education of deaf people, this study points to the necessity of having the Portuguese language effectively treated as a second language, where its teaching and learning process is mediated by the sign language. Thus, the spaces that support the education for this portion of the population must be organized so as to ensure the verbal interaction, through Libras, as a written language development condition.
A presente pesquisa tem o objetivo de descrever e analisar o processo de escrita em Língua Portuguesa, como segunda língua, empreendido por participantes surdos, em contextos interacionais e dialógicos de oficinas, a partir de um trabalho de reescrita coletiva de uma história de aventura, refletindo sobre as interações interdiscursivas entre língua de sinais e o português escrito. A reescrita foi colocada neste trabalho como objeto de reflexão sobre as práticas e as formações discursivas que incidiram sobre a aprendizagem dos participantes surdos. As discussões em torno desta temática foram orientadas por pressupostos bakhtinianos a partir da concepção enunciativo-discursiva de linguagem. Tal concepção permite entender os sujeitos em suas constituições discursivas por meio das relações sociais das quais participam, incorporando as diferentes vozes sociais. Para tanto as oficinas foram videogravadas como o intuito de focalizar aspectos dialógicos da interação entre sujeitos. Os episódios que constituem o corpus de análise foram selecionados entre as oficinas desenvolvidas no transcorrer dos anos de 2013 e de 2014, considerando o contexto comunicativo. Os trechos dos episódios cujas enunciações se apresentaram significantes em relação às estratégias de produção, revisão e reflexão da língua coletivamente foram transcritos da Libras para a Língua Portuguesa escrita. Os dados obtidos foram tratados a partir de três eixos de análise: interação entre pares surdos e entre estes e educadores ouvintes; aspectos linguísticos e indícios de autoria. Os eixos analisados permitiram o estabelecimento de valores qualitativos do trabalho de linguagem demandado pelos sujeitos surdos nas atividades de escrita das oficinas. Em relação à educação de surdos, o presente estudo aponta para a necessidade de a Língua Portuguesa ser efetivamente tratada como segunda língua, e que o processo de ensino e de aprendizagem desta seja mediado pela língua de sinais. Desta forma, os espaços que se propõem à educação desta parcela da população devem ser organizados de maneira a garantir a interação verbal, por meio da Libras, como condição de desenvolvimento da linguagem escrita.
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Drake, Penny Marie. "Classroom as text: A study of the integration of multiculturalism." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 1995. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/1076.
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Stymne, Sara. "Swedish-English Verb Frame Divergences in a Bilingual Head-driven Phrase Structure Grammar for Machine Translation." Thesis, Linköping University, Department of Computer and Information Science, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-6708.
Анотація:
In this thesis I have investigated verb frame divergences in a bilingual Head-driven Phrase Structure Grammar for machine translation. The purpose was threefold: (1) to describe and classify verb frame divergences (VFDs) between Swedish and English, (2) to practically implement a bilingual grammar that covered many of the identified VFDs and (3) to find out what cases of VFDs could be solved and implemented using a common semantic representation, or interlingua, for Swedish and English.
The implemented grammar, BiTSE, is a Head-driven Phrase Structure Grammar based on the LinGO Grammar Matrix, a language independent grammar base. BiTSE is a bilingual grammar containing both Swedish and English. The semantic representation used is Minimal Recursion Semantics (MRS). It is language independent, so generating from it gives all equivalent sentences in both Swedish and English. Both the core of the languages and a subset of the identified VFDs are successfully implemented in BiTSE. For other VFDs tentative solutions are discussed.
MRS have previously been proposed as suitable for semantic transfer machine translation. I have shown that VFDs can naturally be handled by an interlingual design in many cases, minimizing the need of transfer.
The main contributions of this thesis are: an inventory of English and Swedish verb frames and verb frame divergences; the bilingual grammar BiTSE and showing that it is possible in many cases to use MRS as an interlingua in machine translation.
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Onorato, Patricia G. "Investigating the Effects of a Parent-Mediated Intervention on Latino Parent-Child Verbal Interaction and Children's Receptive Vocabulary." VCU Scholars Compass, 2016. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/4600.
Анотація:
This study aimed to investigate parent-child verbal interactions in Spanish in a group of Latino preschoolers growing up in the United States through a parent-mediated program at home, and the effects of the program on their receptive vocabulary in Spanish. A single subject multiple baseline across participants design was used in the study. The participants were 3 Latino mothers and their sons, with low family income, living in the United States. The intervention taught the mothers strategies to enhance their children’s language through a sharing-book activity. The study lasted for 6 weeks during which baseline and intervention conditions data were collected through videotapes of the Dyads’ mealtimes. The results of the study showed that their verbal interactions were functional, brief, and typically not extended to children’s activities. The number of verbal interactions increased for 2 of the 3 Dyads from baseline to intervention condition and decreased for 1 of them. The children’s receptive vocabulary and school readiness skills increased after the intervention as showed by pre and post intervention assessments. The social validity survey suggested that Latina mothers found the project beneficial since, it not only increased their children’s interest in books, but also their own motivation to share books with them. Research and practical implications were discussed.
46
Oh, Grace Eunhae 1980. "The Effect of Age of Acquisition and Second-Language Experience on Segments and Prosody: A Cross-Sectional Study of Korean Bilinguals' English and Korean Production." Thesis, University of Oregon, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/12066.
Анотація:
xviii, 210 p. : ill. (some col.)The current dissertation investigated segmental and prosodic aspects of first- (L1) and second-language (L2) speech production. Forty Korean-speaking adults and children varying in L2 experience (6 months-inexperienced vs. 6 years-experienced) as well as twenty age-matched native English speaking adults and children participated. Experienced children born in the U.S. were first exposed to English much earlier than inexperienced children. Group differences were investigated for insight into the effect of differing language experience on speech production. For segmental aspects, spectral quality and duration of English and Korean vowels (Chapter II), the effect of English coda consonant voicing on vowel and consonant closure duration (Chapter III), and language-specific voice onset time (VOT) in English and Korean stops (Chapter IV) were examined. All Korean groups except the experienced children differed from the native English speakers in vowel spectral quality and coda voicing production. The experienced children showed native-like production of both English and Korean vowels and also used VOT to distinguish Korean aspirated and English voiceless stops. These results suggest that the experienced children have separate phonological representations for their two languages. For prosodic aspects, stressed and unstressed vowels in English multisyllabic words (Chapter V) and Korean four-syllable phrases (Chapter VI) were elicited. The results of stressed and unstressed vowel production revealed that the Korean adults were able to acquire English prosody in a native-like manner, except for reduced vowel quality. Contrary to the little L1-L2 interaction in prosody for adults, Korean experienced children's production suggested a strong influence of English acquisition on the development of Korean prosody in terms of fundamental frequency, intensity, and duration patterns. Different degrees of L1-L2 interaction between Korean experienced children's production of segments and prosody are discussed from the developmental standpoint of simultaneous bilingual children's language shift from the mother tongue to English. In addition to children's greater plasticity of language acquisition, external (e.g., peer pressure, language input) and internal (e.g., ethnic self-identity) factors are likely to have created a language learning environment different from that of the Korean adults. As a result, the degree and direction of L1-L2 interaction varied by linguistic domains, depending on the age of the learner and the language experience.
Committee in charge: Susan Guion-Anderson, Chairperson; Melissa Redford, Member; Vsevolod Kapatsinski, Member; Kaori Idemaru, Outside Member
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Mårtensson, Christian. "Managing language learning data in mobile apps." Thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för system- och rymdteknik, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-81078.
Анотація:
On the journey of learning a language we are exposed to countless words that are easily forgotten and subsequently difficult to find again. This study investigates how to design a personal data management system that enables its users to efficiently organize, find and input the words and phrases that they encounter on their journey. Using DSRM, an artifact was iteratively developed and tested in usability tests and interviews by a total of 10 participants. The feedback from the respondents indicates a strong demand for this type of app and also uncovered design knowledge in this new context. The contribution of this study is a set of 14 design principles for making data management in language learning apps more user-friendly and efficient.
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Mermet, Michel. "Informatique et maîtrise de l'oral en maternelle bilingue breton-français : modèle de l'élève dans le dialogue enfant-ordinateur et ergonomie de la parole." Phd thesis, Université Rennes 2, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00199337.
Анотація:
Notre étude vise à construire un "modèle de l'élève bilingue", au sens large, permettant de caractériser une situation d'apprentissage qui a pour fonction la maîtrise de l'oral et pour objet le dialogue enfant-ordinateur. Nous avons analysé, à partir d'un corpus de paroles bilingues breton-français, les conditions d'apprentissage précoce d'une deuxième langue entre deux et quatre ans, auprès d'élèves d'une classe bilingue de petite section de maternelle. Nos objectifs sont de cerner le contexte d'apprentissage du breton à l'école, d'analyser la parole bilingue de l'élève et de construire des outils d'évaluation des interfaces orales. Ceci afin d'évaluer, dans le dialogue oral enfant-ordinateur, les attributs phonétiques et prosodiques (synthèse vocale en breton), la facilité d'apprentissage de l'élève et la qualité de l'apprentissage.
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Jonsson, Karin. "Students' Oral Participation in the CLIL Classroom. : A comparative study of oral participation of CLIL students and students taught through their native language Swedish." Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Estetisk-filosofiska fakulteten, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-7304.
Анотація:
Studies have shown that participation and interaction in a language classroom are important. Especially so in the CLIL classroom where the target language is both the subject of study and the medium of instruction. However, it can be difficult for a teacher to get students to participate orally. Many researchers claim that students’ oral output in the CLIL classroom is minimal, and that they speak less than students who are taught through their native language. The aim of this paper was to study Swedish CLIL students’ oral participation and to find out whether the amount of oral classroom interaction was similar in a CLIL classroom and in a classroom where Swedish was the medium of instruction. I also wanted to investigate if male and female students interacted to the same extent, and whether the amount of interaction was evenly distributed within the classroom. The results show that CLIL students’ oral participation tended to be very high. The CLIL students produced even more total oral output than students in the control groups, which had their native language as their medium of instruction.
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Erazo, Munoz Angela Maria. "L’intercompréhension dans le contexte plurilingue de l’Université Fédérale de l’intégration Latino-Américaine (UNILA) : expériences, contact et interaction plurilingue." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016GREAL001/document.
Анотація:
Nous envisageons de mener une étude sociolinguistique, en centrant notre recherche sur les procédés de communication tels qu’ils s’appliquent dans le contexte de l’expérience menée par l’UNILA (L’Université Fédérale d’Intégration Latino-Américaine) située dans la ville brésilienne de Foz do Iguaçu, Etat du Paraná. La particularité de cette Université réside dans le caractère international de la composition de ses effectifs: la moitié du corps enseignant et des étudiants est brésilienne donc lusophone et l’autre moitié hispanophone. Cette recherche portera sur l'observation et l'analyse des processus de communication entre les étudiants lusophones (Brésiliens) et hispanophones (Argentins, Paraguayens...) en relation avec la politique linguistique de l’UNILA, et en particulier le rôle actuel et potentiel de l'intercompréhension dans cette Université (quelles pratiques actuelles, quelles pratiques possibles, leurs effets, etc.) et la place que peuvent occuper le français langue étrangère et le guarani (3ème langue officielle du Mercosur) dans ce contexte. Dans cette étude de cas, nous nous intéresserions plus particulièrement à la possibilité de recourir à l’intercompréhension, même lorsque ce recours est déjà spontané, dans certains groupes de locuteurs ignorant encore tout des découvertes des chercheurs dans ce domaine. Notre recherche serait basée sur l’observation et l’analyse des processus de communication entre les étudiants de l’Université UNILA à partir des questions suivantes : • Quels sont les procédés que les étudiants et les professeurs utilisent pour communiquer dans l’environnement bilingue proposé par l’UNILA? (les opérations, les stratégies…) • Quelles sont les possibilités el les limites de l’intercompréhension comme stratégie de communication dans le contexte académique ? • Quelles expériences par rapport à un contexte académique bilingue émergent dans le discours des étudiants. Ce projet de recherche se trouve lié à l’espace MERCOSUR, mais ce travail contribuera à créer un contexte propice à l’émergence de propositions pédagogiques applicables aussi en Europe. En effet, à l’issue de ce travail de recherche il est possible de prévoir une proposition de formation dans le domaine de l’intercompréhension et dans la promotion du plurilinguismeToday, the constant mobility of populations, information, and merchandise creates the need for new ways or new types of communication. In some ways, this situation highlights the communication options available to people speaking different languages. In this field, my research aims to explore and to study the methods and strategies of communication, especially in bilingual or multilingual contexts. Because the MERCOSUR trade zone in its entirety is too large an area for a detailed study, my research focuses on analyzing the strategies of communication in a smaller academic context: the University of Latin American Integration (UNILA). This university—located in the border zone between Argentina, Brazil and Paraguay — is the first bilingual Spanish and Portuguese University in South America. This institution can certainly be considered a very rich context in which to study and observe whether mutual intelligibility can be implemented, applied, and taught as a tool for better communication and as a means of maintaining respect and the preservation of each language. In this case study, my intention is to describe the possibility and potential that mutual intelligibility can supply as a way of multilingual communication. In order to reach this aim, an ethnographical study is applied based on observation and analysis of the communication process between the students of the University UNILA following these questions: • What are the processes that students and teachers use to communicate in a bilingual environment offered by the Unila? • What opportunities and limits provide mutual intelligibility as a mode of communication in the academic context? • What experiences in relation to a bilingual academic context are emerging in the student speeches? Although this research is related to the MERCOSUR trade zone, this work could contribute to understands multilingual and educational proposals in Europe, since the streamlining of communication is a factor whose consideration is vital in order to forge stronger ties and integration among the countries. Indeed, at the end of this research our intention is also to provide a proposal and various experiences in the field of mutual intelligibility and the promotion of multilingualism
La educación, así como los modelos educativos desempeñan un papel fundamental, tanto enla difusión del plurilingüismo, como en la promoción del aprendizaje de lenguas, ycontribuyen a la integración regional, la movilidad académica y el contacto entre lenguas yculturas. Sin embargo, no parece ser una tarea fácil entender las dinámicas de este fenómeno.En la misma linea, esta investigación tuvo como objetivo principal la descripción de losprocesos de comunicación que se han llevado a cabo hasta ahora, en el contexto de laUniversidad Federal de Integración Latinoamericana (UNILA), mediante un estudiosociolingüístico de cuño etnográfico centrado en las experiencias lingüísticas de losestudiantes de este ámbito académico. La UNILA, localizada en Foz do Iguaçu, (en lafrontera entre Argentina, Brasil y Paraguay), es una universidad construida con base en losconceptos de integración, interdisciplinariedad, bilingüismo (portugués/español). La UNILAabrió sus puertas en 2010 para la entrada de estudiantes de varios países latinoamericanos.Estos estudiantes, que llegaron desde diversos ambientes escolares, sociales y culturales,acceden a un entorno en donde se ven enfrentados a convivir, estudiar y llevar procesos deaprendizaje en una lengua extranjera y con diversas culturas académicas, lo cual proporcionóun terreno fértil para la observación y el análisis de experiencias de comunicaciónplurilingües y de intercomprensión académica en lenguas romances
A educação assim como os modelos educativos desempenham um papel fundamental, tantona difusão do plurilinguismo, como na promoção da aprendizagem de línguas com o intuitode contribuir para a integração regional, a mobilidade acadêmica e o contato entre línguas eculturas. No entanto, não parece ser uma tarefa fácil entender as dinâmicas deste fenômeno.Nessa linha de ideias, esta pesquisa teve como objetivo principal a descrição dos processos decomunicação que foram desenvolvidos até o momento no contexto da Universidade Federalda Integração Latinoamericana (UNILA), mediante um estudo sociolinguístico de cunhoetnográfico centrado nas experiências linguísticas dos estudantes dessa instituição de ensino.A UNILA, localizada em Foz do Iguaçu (na fronteira entre a Argentina, Brasil e Paraguay), éuma universidade construída com base nos conceitos da integração, interdisciplinaridade ebilinguismo (português/espanhol). A referida universidade iniciou suas atividades em 2010com a entrada de estudantes de vários países latinoamericanos. Esses estudantes provenientesde diferentes ambientes escolares, sociais e culturais deparam-se com culturas acadêmicasdiversas das suas e começam a conviver, estudar e desenvolver processos deaprendizagens de uma língua estrangeira com culturas acadêmicas díspares. Essa integraçãoproporciona um terreno fértil para a observação e a análise de experiências de comunicaçõesplurilíngues e de intercompreensão acadêmica em línguas românicas