Дисертації з теми "Interaction choc"
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Duquesne, Nathalie. "Modélisation et simulation numérique d'une interaction choc-choc tridimensionnelle en écoulement hypersonique turbulent." Poitiers, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995POIT2340.
Повний текст джерелаAymer, de la Chevalerie Dominique. "Interaction onde de choc-couche limite modélisation et calcul." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1986. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37595581g.
Повний текст джерелаMNIF, MAHER. "Interaction de deux ondes de choc pour une loi de conservation." Paris 11, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA112032.
Повний текст джерелаRaimbaud, Quentin. "Interaction entre une onde de choc et un film de savon." Thesis, Rennes 1, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019REN1S103.
Повний текст джерелаNumerous works have proven that liquid foams significantly attenuate shockwaves. However, even though many theories have been developed, the underlying mechanisms behind this attenuation remains mostly unknown. For the sake of simplicity, we studied the interaction between shockwaves and one of the base elements of foam: foam films. To generate the shockwaves we needed, we created a modular shocktube that allows us to modify both the shape of the pressure signal and the orientation of the films. We started by studying the acceleration of a single foam film impacted by a parallel shockwave. We observed the reflexion and transmission of the shockwave and the movement of the film, which allowed us to get the film’s acceleration time and terminal velocity. We then studied the effects of thickness gradients within the film during the acceleration phase. We developed a model to explain how these gradients affect the breaking of the films. Finally, we studied the interaction between a shockwave and a film, when the two are not parallel to each other. We observed the development of a Kelvin-Helmholtz instability in the film before its rupture
HADDAD, Christian. "Instationnarités, mouvements d'onde de choc et tourbillons à grandes échelles dans une interaction onde de choc / couche limite avec décollement." Phd thesis, Université de Provence - Aix-Marseille I, 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00008394.
Повний текст джерелаHaddad, Christian. "Instationnarités, mouvements d'onde de choc et tourbillons à grandes échelles dans une interaction onde de choc / couche limite avec décollement." Aix-Marseille 1, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005AIX11003.
Повний текст джерелаSolakoglu, Erhan. "Modélisation des écoulements compressibles turbulents. Interaction onde de choc/couche limite turbulente." Rouen, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994ROUES023.
Повний текст джерелаRiveiro, Moreno Carmen. "Interaction of shock waves with compliant walls." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Institut polytechnique de Paris, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024IPPAX011.
Повний текст джерелаThis thesis aims to characterize the interaction between a compliant wall and a transonic normal shock. The flow topology and dynamics over a rigid wall is first determined. Using schlieren visualisation and unsteady pressure measurements the different temporal and length scales involved in the shock wave turbulent boundary layer interaction are characterized.A compliant wall is then designed so that its natural frequencies are within the same order of magnitude as the frequency range of the shock oscillations. In that manner, the compliant wall is expected to react to the shock wave forcing. The compliant wall's material and geometry are determined through numerical parametric studies based on modal analysis as well as the static deformation of the compliant wall caused by the flow. Two compliant walls are manufactured, one exhibiting elastic behavior, and the other viscoelastic behavior.The interaction between the normal shock wave and the compliant walls are experimentally characterized. In both cases the shock location is varied. In the elastic compliant wall configuration, the fluid-structure interaction is highly dependent on the shock position. The fluid-structure interaction varies from a large-amplitude synchronized regime to a non-synchronized regime, depending on the shock position. The large-amplitude synchronized regime was studied as a function of the structural natural frequencies. For that purpose, the compliant wall thickness and boundary conditions were modified. With increasing thickness, the amplitude of the oscillations considerably diminishes. Clamping the bottom surface of the elastic compliant wall yields no fluid-structure interaction. On the viscoelastic compliant wall configuration, large deformations of the compliant wall with no dynamic fluid-structure interaction are found. Such a result highlights the capability of viscoelastic materials to react differently depending on the external forcing frequency: the compliant wall's large static deformation corresponds to a soft structure, whereas its dynamic response is characteristic of a rigid one
Bardy, Simon. "Contrôle et optimisation du test d'adhérence par choc laser sur assemblages collés." Thesis, Paris, ENSAM, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017ENAM0061/document.
Повний текст джерелаBonding process generalization within aerospace, aeronautical and automotive structures faces the need of quantitative non-destructive evaluation of assemblies. Laser shock adhesion test (LASAT) meets this requirement by applying a calibrated stress to bonded joints and using non-destructive diagnostics to determine the post-shock state of the joint. The calibrated stress must disbond weak joints and keep correct assemblies intact. Optimal laser parameters determination aims at implementing this non-destructive proof test (ND-LASAT). It is achieved through application of a well-defined methodology, which implies the concerned assembly characterization by an experimental and numerical approach, followed by an optimization step. Optimization implies diversification of laser-matter configurations. Use of numerical tools for predicting loadings applied to bonded joints is then required. Models development within a multi-physics code is proposed and validated here to respond to this need. A significant effort has been made for evaluating models’ precision. Experimental demonstration of ND-LASAT process is achieved on three different bonded assemblies, and thus validating both methodology and numerical chain developed in this study
LACASSIN, GERALD. "Etude d'une interaction tridimensionnelle onde de choc/couche limite turbulente en ecoulement supersonique." Paris 6, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA066131.
Повний текст джерелаGoyon, Clément. "Etude de l'interaction d'un faisceau laser intense avec un plasma long et chaud dans le contexte du schéma d'allumage par choc." Palaiseau, Ecole polytechnique, 2014. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-01061546/document.
Повний текст джерелаShock ignition is an alternative direct-drive scheme for inertial fusion that consists in two steps. The first one is a several nanoseconds long compression with low intensity beams. The second one is a several hundred of picoseconds stage using high intensity beams to create a converging shock leading to ignition. During the second phase, the laser beam goes through a long and hot under-critical plasma. However, the coupling of this intense pulse with the coronal plasma has not been much studied experimentally or numerically. Then, the energy absorbed as well as the role of parametric instabilities regarding reflected or transmitted intensity cannot be predicted. In this PhD dissertation, we describe an experimental study of an intense laser pulse between 2. 1015 W/cm2 and 2. 1016 W/cm2 interacting with millimetric plasma heated close to one keV. We begin with a theoretical description of the interaction conditions in the coronal plasma. Brillouin scattering is in strongly coupled regime, Raman instability is kinetic regime and laser intensity is above ponderomotive filamentation threshold. We recreate these interaction conditions experimentally by means of pre-heated targets which are foams or thin plastic foils. Then, we present the first measurements of time resolved backscattered spectra from the smoothed picosecond beam as well as transmitted intensity distribution through the plasma. We find that Brillouin instability can be responsible for up to 60% reflectivity in plasmas with electronic density close to critical while Raman reflectivity stays at low levels. Transmitted intensity distribution is smoothed by the propagation and its diameter increases compared to the laser focal spot in vacuum. Finally, we discuss interaction measurements in nanosecond regime to highlight the fact that parametric instabilities reduction is essential for shock ignition to be a successful scheme
Melot, Vincent. "Hydrodynamique instationnaire d'un cylindre sous choc." Phd thesis, Université de Nantes, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00124063.
Повний текст джерелаViala, Diego. "Étude de la physique de l'allumage par choc." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Bordeaux, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024BORD0127.
Повний текст джерелаA decade of experiments at the National Ignition Facility has proven that inertial confinement fusion is a credible approach to energy production, with experiments having exceeded the ignition regime. However, the indirect-drive approach is not suited for high gain implosions and reliable energy production. The direct-drive ignition approach is favoured for energy production as it features simpler target designs and couples more energy to them. There are currently no ignition-scale laser facilities configured for the standard direct-drive approach. Integrated direct-drive experiments have mostly been focused on understanding the physics at reduced scales, with the ultimate goal of demonstration of necessity and feasibility of construction of an international direct-drive laser facility.This thesis manuscript presents a study on the validation of state-of-the-art 3D radiative hydrodynamics codes and the understanding of low modes and laser coupling which play crucial roles in the study of inertial fusion energy. Careful examination of CBET models is of paramount importance in this context, ensuring the accuracy of simulations and contributing to the design of future direct-drive facilities. In addition, the investigation of laser homogeneity on target is imperative to understand its overall impact on the system
Laurent, Henri. "Turbulence d'une interaction onde de choc/couche limite sur une paroi plane adiabatique ou chauffée." Aix-Marseille 2, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996AIX22122.
Повний текст джерелаLepecuchel, Lydia. "Interaction de la troisième région hypervariable des molécules HLA-DR avec la protéine de choc thermique HSP73." Aix-Marseille 2, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002AIX22048.
Повний текст джерелаBekka, Nadir. "Problématique des phénomènes des ondes de choc dans les tuyères supersoniques et leur interaction avec la structure." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Evry-Val d'Essonne, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014EVRY0005.
Повний текст джерелаThe problem of side loads occurring in rocket engine nozzles remains a major issue for the aerospace industry. Furthermore, the desire to reduce the overall mass of the launcher leads to the design of nozzles with increasing fineness, which, in turn, can pose aeroelastic problems. Indeed, it is well established that during the start-up and shutdown phases of a rocket engine, the structure interacts with the main flow, leading to the generation of aeroelastic effects. This interaction can further amplify the lateral loads and even put the integrity of the launcher at risk. Such phenomena can be addressed through a multiphysical approach, such as coupled numerical simulations. However, for complex problems such as coupled computation for 3D nozzles in turbulent flow, even with significant computational resources deployed, the time required to complete this type of numerical simulation remains exorbitant. Another alternative is to model these effects using relatively simple aeroelastic stability models, which allow for the detection of potential instabilities at a lower cost. Aeroelastic phenomena in nozzles operating under an overexpansion regime are thoroughly analyzed using aeroelastic stability models. Derived from the simplified Pekkari model, new aeroelastic stability models taking into account the viscous effects of the flow have been proposed. The coupling between the flow and the structure is achieved via the theory of small perturbations or piston theory. This is made possible by introducing a more realistic pressure profile through the use of Chapman's free interaction theory for uniform incident flow. The resulting formulation, of which the initial Pekkari model can be considered a special case, is based on the calculation of interaction length and relies on Michel's integral method for boundary layers, whether laminar or turbulent. Numerical calculations were performed using a weak coupling between a CFD code and a structural code, employing the transpiration method. This method, even limited to small displacements of the structure (linear case), generally allows for the prediction of instabilities. Data exchange between the two codes, fluid, and structure, was facilitated through a simple interface written in Fortran, allowing for dynamic data exchange. The results from the different models are presented in a comparative
Tarasov, Victor. "Interaction du vent solaire avec l'environnement de la planète Mars : étude des fluctuations électromagnétiques en amont du choc." Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998VERS0009.
Повний текст джерелаDereure, Corentin. "Comportement mécanique des verres sous choc produit par interaction laser-matière : une approche expérimentale et numérique multi-échelles." Thesis, Rennes 1, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019REN1S018/document.
Повний текст джерелаFused silica (SiO₂) is one of the most commonly used materials in our modern society. Among other uses, it is the main component of highly critical structures like spacecraft windows or shields for optical equipments. This PhD thesis is done within the context of the ANR GLASS project, whose objective is to model the behavior of silica glass from the atomic cluster to the whole structure under dynamic loading (high pressures and high strain rates). Its main objective is to conduct an experimental study of this material in this loading domain to enable an efficient dialog between experiments and simulations. To this end, samples of fused silica are impacted with high-power laser impulses, generating a shockwave that propagates in the material. A first study is done with in situ results of shockwave propagation in fused silica, giving some data of the equation of state. Subsequently, Raman spectroscopy is used to observe the atomic structure modifications of shocked samples. These measurements show that silica glass is densified in the shocked area, and also that the zones where the highest pressures were applied are subjected to thermal relaxation. This last effect is caused by the important temperature increase during the shock loading. All these results are in accordance with those of numerical simulations performed within the ANR project. Finally, X-Ray microtomography highlight complex fracture patterns inside some of the shocked samples. Numerical simulations using peridynamic formulation, a method specialized to study fracture patterns, provide a possible scenario for the formation and propagation of these cracks
Biamino, Laurent. "Etude expérimentale de l'interaction d'une onde de choc avec une structure mobile autour d'un axe." Thesis, Aix-Marseille 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011AIX10093/document.
Повний текст джерелаThis thesis is based on an experimental study carried out in shock tube; in particular, this is an experimental approach to the study of fluid-structure interaction. Consider a rigid body which is allowed to rotate only around an axis and which closes a confined space. If a shock wave crosses the content of the confined space, the body will accelerate and rotate around its axis. Specifically, the shock wave will increase the physical characteristics, especially its pressure, of the fluid acting on the impacted face of the door. The opposite side of the door is not influenced by the incident shock wave, only one of its faces is subjected to overpressure. Following the first impact, the resulting imbalance imposes a mechanical action on the door that will increase its speed and make it turn around its rotation axis. The difficulty comes when the door begins to open: the volume boundaries in which the fluid is contained are modified. Leaks occur and the gas kept in this closed volume can now flow to the atmosphere. Communication between the gas acting on each side of the door is created modifying their properties and consequently the pressure acting on each side of the door.The mechanical actions that apply to the door are no more the same with time, and therefore the acceleration of the door is changing. As the door moves, the fluid problem continues to be changed and in turn it changes its action on the door. This interaction process continues until either the limits of the problem ceases to be changed, the door cannot move, or when the mechanical actions acting on the door are in equilibrium, fluids on each side of the door are in the same physical state. The presented work is a study of the parameters of the fluid or the solid motion which are main actors in the behavioral law managing this complex system. In this aim, we designed an experimental device involving the physics that we have described and we have adapted it to a shock tube. Testing many experimental configurations, we could determine how the internal flow of a shock tube evolves when the end of this shock tube is more or less open.How a closed door reacts to the impact of a shock wave and what are the implications for the evolution of the involved fluids? What are the consequences of a different position of the door at the instant of the impact with the incident shock wave? What role plays the intensity of the incident shock wave or the inertia of the door on this dynamic?
Haboussa, Grégory. "Contribution à la validation des méthodes numériques pour les problèmes dynamiques couplés fluide-structure." Valenciennes, 2008. http://ged.univ-valenciennes.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/66881e67-4270-45a8-943c-a32adee5eda6.
Повний текст джерелаNumerous numerical methods exist that can be used to solve fluid/structure interactions during hydrodynamic impacts on deformable structures. The purpose of the present work is to define a methodology which allows validating these numerical methods. The first stage of this work is to establish experimental reference, using a pressure transducer, in order to validate these methods. A methodology of exploitation of dynamics test responses, dedicated to the elimination of such measurement if needed, in order to get the true contact pressure that deformable structures have to support during hydrodynamic impacts, is proposed. For that purpose, the dynamic calibration of a pressure transducer is performed using shock tube, and a dynamic correction function is established, first theoretically, then practically. The obtained function is then applied on existing test results coming from water drop impacts onto the studied pressure transducer, in order to calculate the corresponding contact pressure on a flat panel. The second stage of this research is to model this phenomenon with different numerical methods: Finite Element Method, Arbitrary-Lagrange-Euler (ALE) Method and Smooth Particles Hydrodynamic Method, with a conforming –or not- interface. Comparison between corrected pressure and calculated pressure, corresponding to contact pressure on a flat panel, shows that ALE Method using a conforming interface (continuous mesh) is able to give good assumption of the hydrodynamic impact phenomenon, under the hypothesis that dynamic effect are more important than numerical diffusion. In conclusion, it is possible today to simulate correctly, with ALE method, hydrodynamic impacts on deformable structures
Guiho, Florian. "Analyse de stabilité linéaire globale d'écoulements compressibles : application aux interactions onde de choc / couche limite." Thesis, Paris, ENSAM, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015ENAM0003/document.
Повний текст джерелаThe general purpose of this study is to provide a better understanding of the dynamics of an interaction between a shock wave and a laminar or turbulent boundary layer. In particular, we were interested in mechanisms responsible for the emergence of low-frequency self-sustained oscillations. This phenomenon arises in numerous industrial cases as in air inlets of supersonic aircrafts, around a profile of wing in transonic regime and within over-extended nozzle. The first part of this report handles various studies carried out to determine the phenomenology of this kind of dynamics. Secondly, we explain the strategy adopted to make our study which consists in developing a tool of study of the instabilities adapted to turbulent flows including an interaction between a shock wave and a boundary layer. The development of a linearized CFD tool coupled with a method of resolution of a eigenvalue problem by a free-matrix approach ( " time-stepping " approach), allowed the realization of such a study. After a stage of validation of our tool, we studied cases of flows including an interaction between a shock wave and a boundary layer. Three cases in particular were handled. The first case corresponds to an interaction enter an oblique shock wave impacting on a laminar boundary layer developing on a flat plate. This case is generally qualified in the literature of case as " reflected shock wave". We show that such a flow is globally stable and that the dynamics of such a flow behaves as a selective noise amplifier, the dynamic is mainly driven by receptivity mechanisms and by the response of upstream white nose disturbance. Two other cases have been studied on this work, the case of a transonic flow around a profile wing of NACA0012 type around the onset of buffet phenomenon and the case of transonic nozzle of Sajben type on over-extended regime. In the first case, the global stability analysis allows us to highlight the buffet phenomenon of on the profile NACA0012, what shows that the phenomenon is linked to a linear global instability. In the second case, the analysis of stability does not allow to explain the self-sustained low frequencies phenomenon, and shows that the flow is linearly globally stable. In this case, the dynamics is convective, passing and piloted by receptivity mechanisms
Monloubou, Martin. "Interaction d'une onde de souffle avec une mousse liquide : atténuation et rupture." Thesis, Rennes 1, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015REN1S067/document.
Повний текст джерелаLiquid foams are used in various domains in our everyday life. Their excellent ability to dissipate energy makes foams widely used in the military domain to mitigate blast waves produced after an explosion. In this Thesis, we have designed an original experimental setup allowing us to image the deformation of a liquid foam after the impact of a blast wave exiting a shock tube. We also measure the overpressure in the foam, within a range of 5 to 50\,kPa. We evidence a pressure attenuation, increasing and then saturating at increasing bubble size, while all the other parameters of the foam, especially liquid fraction, are kept constant. Those results are interpreted with a thermal dissipation model at the bubble scale, suggesting the existence of a maximum dissipation for a given bubble size. We then characterise the wave velocity in the foam. At small amplitudes, the velocity follows Wood's model, based on linear propagation in an effective continuous medium. At greater amplitudes, we show the apparition of a non-linear regime, with a higher propagation velocity and a lower attenuation, those two features being captured theoretically and numerically. Close to the source, the foam is destroyed by the shock. We close our study with more qualitative results on the quantity of destroyed foam and the propagation velocity of the rupture front, which have been evidenced for the first time in a three-dimensional foam
Sollier, Arnaud. "Etude des plasmas générés par interaction laser-matière en régime confiné : application au traitement des matériaux par choc laser." Phd thesis, Université de Versailles-Saint Quentin en Yvelines, 2002. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00089243.
Повний текст джерелаAfin de mieux comprendre les phénomènes physiques mis en jeu dans ce régime d'interaction particulier, une modélisation originale du procédé a été développée. Un code numérique traitant les processus de claquage dans l'eau de confinement permet dans un premier temps de déterminer les caractéristiques (intensité crête et durée à mi-hauteur) de l'impulsion laser transmise à travers la fenêtre de confinement. Un modèle hydrodynamique auto-consistant traitant les plasmas confinés (plasmas froids et denses, corrélés et partiellement dégénérés) utilise ensuite ces paramètres pour calculer les chargements mécaniques et thermiques induits à la surface de la cible traitée. Pour terminer, ces chargements sont utilisés en entrée du code aux éléments finis ABAQUS afin de simuler les contraintes résiduelles d'origine mécanique et thermique induites par le traitement.
Les résultats de ces simulations ont été validés par comparaison avec différentes mesures expérimentales réalisées pour des conditions d'irradiation laser (longueurs d'ondes de 1064 nm et de 532 nm, durées d'impulsion de 3 ns et 10 ns) typiques des conditions opératoires réelles utilisées au niveau industriel.
Ces résultats montrent que les petites taches focales permettent de limiter fortement le chauffage de la cible par le plasma confiné, et donc de s'affranchir des effets thermiques induits par le traitement. Ils ouvrent donc de nouvelles perspectives quant à la réalisation du traitement par choc laser sans utiliser de revêtement thermo-protecteur. Par ailleurs, ils permettant d'expliquer les résultats obtenus avec la configuration de traitement développée par Toshiba (très petites taches focales, haute cadence, pas de revêtement protecteur), qui demeuraient incompris jusqu'alors.
Aubard, Guillaume. "Simulation des grandes échelles des instationnarités basses fréquences d'une interaction onde de choc couche limite sur plaque planeTexte imprimé." Paris, ENSAM, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012ENAM0019.
Повний текст джерелаShock wave / turbulent boundary layer interactions arising on aeronautical vehicles are prone to unsteadiness with a low frequency of few hundred Hertz, which can induce severe aerodynamic loads. The present study is done in the framework of the ANR project SPICEX, which deals with the numerical modeling of these low-frequency phenomena. The unsteady dynamics of a shock wave / turbulent boundary layer interaction (SWTBLI) on a flat plate is investigated. A numerical tool based on Large Eddy Simulation (LES) is developed for the compressible regime. In particular, efficient strategies for shock capturing and turbulent inflow generation are implemented. A particular attention is devoted to the validation of the present algorithms, notably concerning the LES models. Turbulent boundary layer and SWTBLI simulations are conducted, and give confidence in the present numerical strategy. LES of an unsteady SWTBLI covering dozens of low-frequency cycles is performed. The results suggest that the low-frequency dynamics is related to a global synchronization of the flow, characterized by a cyclic breathing motion of the recirculation bubble, associated with a fore-and aft motion of the reflected shock, together with a modulation of the mixing layer. The study shows that the coupling between the restoring force due to the incident shock and the disturbances generated by the incoming turbulence and the mixing layer is responsible for the low-frequency broadband modulation of the vortex shedding in the downstream flow, corresponding statistically to the low frequency of interest
Galais, Sébastien. "Shock wave and neutrino self-interaction effects upon neutrino flavor conversion in the supernovae environment." Paris 7, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA077090.
Повний текст джерелаThe works presented in this thesis deal with the flavor conversion of the supernova neutrinos. In a first work, we performed the first complete calculation including the shock wave and the self-interaction for the estimate of the diffuse supernova neutrino background (dsnb) flux arriving on earth. This flux corresponds to the combination of the neutrinos coming from all the supernovae that exploded in the visible universe. By varying the angle theta_13 of the mixing matrix u_mnsp, we showed that the shock wave has a significant impact on the dsnb flux. At the same time we proposed a smplified model that accounts for the shock wave effects and that could be used for future calculations of the dsnb. The other two works are focused on the first exact analytical derivation of the matter basis in the presence of the self-interaction. We underlined, for the two flavors case, the important role of the matter phase beta tilde and we established a condition on the elements of the flavor hamiltonian for the end of the synchronization phase and the onset of the bipolar oscillations. Through the matter basis, we identified, by using the polarization vector formalism, a correspondence between the "spectral split" and the magnetic resonance phenomena. This has allowed us to confirm hypothesis such as the adiabaticity of the propagation, the use of the average magnetic field et the corotating frame that were postulated with the help of smplified models. A prelminary study of the three flavors case indicate us the conservation of this correspondence
Courapied, Damien. "Etude de l’interaction laser matière en régime de confinement par eau avec deux impulsions laser. Application au test d’adhérence par choc laser." Thesis, Paris, ENSAM, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016ENAM0073/document.
Повний текст джерелаThe laser shock wave generation is a novel process becoming more and more common. The shock waves are used to generate mechanicals effects in the sample. The laser absorption results in the creation of a plasma at the surface. This plasma during its expansion creates a shock wave propagating through the sample. This work aims to study the various phenomena involved in the laser-matter interaction. In the field of laser generated shock waves, two different processes exist: the Laser Shock Peening (LSP) and the LASer Adhesion Technique (LASAT). The new challenge deals with the limitations of those processes and the solutions to be setting up to improve them. Some ideas concerning the confinement improvement as water substitution or thermal coatings optimization are suggested in this work. Moreover, the use of double delayed laser pulses allows, for LASAT, the location of main tensile stresses near interfaces. However, for LSP, some aspects dealing with the profitability linked to the peening rate are investigated here. Last but not least, whether the very short (0 to 1000 ns) or very long delays (from 200µs to 200ms), the study of the laser-matter interaction phenomena allows to overcome some limitations for both laser shock processes
Chaumonnot, Killian. "La protéine de choc thermique Gp96 dans les macrophages au cours du stress du RE : Interaction avec le complément C3." Thesis, Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020UBFCJ002.
Повний текст джерелаThe stress protein Gp96, is an endoplasmic reticulum (ER) protein of the HSP90 family, expressed in all cells. Under ER stress, it is induced and can then be expressed at the membrane and extracellular levels. Gp96 is known to have a dual role in immune responses, having both pro- and anti-inflammatory effects. Although it has been shown to be necessary for the tolerance of intestinal macrophages to the microbiota, its role has not been elucidated at the molecular level. Moreover, its effects in macrophages under ER stress are not known, despite their involvement in many pathologies. In this work, we first show that Gp96 is expressed at the membrane of M2 and not M1 macrophages derived from blood monocytes of healthy volunteers. We show that ER stress, generated by the disruption of calcium homeostasis induced by thapsigargine (Tg), results in a switch from the M2 phenotype to a functional Gp96-dependent pro-inflammatory profile. This switch is associated with the decrease in membrane expression of Gp96 and its secretion. In a second step, we demonstrate that Gp96 interacts with intracellular complement C3 in macrophages M1 and M2. This interaction is more important in stressed M2 macrophages than in untreated M2 and, C3b, the fragment resulting from the cleavage of C3, is present only in the culture supernatant of the stressed M2, and could moreover be co-immunoprecipitated with Gp96. Finally, like Gp96, the inactivated fragment of C3b, iC3b, is detected only at the membrane of unstressed M2 and its presence is dependent on functional Gp96. These results suggest that membrane Gp96 and iC3b could be markers of anti-inflammatory M2 macrophages. They show that Gp96 is involved in the modulation of the M2 phenotype towards a pro-inflammatory profile induced by a disruption of calcium homeostasis. This effect could be related to its ability to interact with the C3 complement whose C3a and C3b cleavage fragments have pro-inflammatory effects
Roussel, Corentin. "Modelisation et simulation de l'interaction onde de choc/couche limite turbulente en écoulement interne avec effets de coins." Thesis, Paris, ENSAM, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016ENAM0025/document.
Повний текст джерелаTo design innovative propulsion systems, improving the performance of supersonic air intakes is a major issue. In particular, the flows through the air intakes and/or supersonic diffusers involve complex unsteady phenomena associated with various spatial and temporal scales such as: wall-bounded turbulence dynamics, interaction between a shock-wave and a turbulent boundary layer, three-dimensional separated flows and corners effects. Despite the significant contributions from recent high-fidelity simulations of unsteady shock-wave boundary layer interaction in the absence of side walls, few numerical studies were conducted with secondary flows due to corner effects. In the presence of side walls and at Mach numbers large enough, the topology of the interaction is modified and a shock-train forms in the diffuser. In this thesis, the Navier-Stokes compressible equations are solved using high-order schemes. Simulations of supersonic flows in rectangular diffusers of different widths are carried out. The study allows to highlight the influence of confinement and corners effects on the mean flow. A second part of the study is devoted to the understanding of the unsteadiness associated with a shock-train in a rectangular supersonic diffuser. For that purpose, advanced post-processing tools have been developed such as: dynamic mode decomposition and Fourier analysis. The results show the presence of a possible resonance phenomenon in the diffuser at frequencies close to those associated with the flow
Llor, Aisa Emma. "Génération de très hautes pressions d'ablation laser et de chocs forts pour l'allumage des réactions de fusion nucléaire." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017BORD0013/document.
Повний текст джерелаThe Shock Ignition (SI) scheme is a promising approach to obtaining energy on alarge scale. However, this scheme needs ablation pressures in the range of 300-400Mbar to reach ignition. The objective of this thesis is therefore to better understandthe underlying physics of high pressure generation by energetic electrons in a regimeof intensity between one and ten petawatt per cm2. In this thesis, a model hasbeen established for calculating the shock pressure generated by hot electrons andthe time of its formation for an arbitrary electron energy distribution and plasmadensity profile. It is shown that a broader electron energy distribution leads to amore homogeneous energy deposition which implies a longer shock time formationand a reduction of the shock strength. These consequences should be taken intoaccount in shock ignition target design. The extension of this model to the case ofa inhomogeneous plasma shows that the low density corona decreases fast electrons energy and then the amount of energy deposited in the compressed target. This leads to a reduction of the time needed for the shock formation, of the shock pressure and the energy invested in the shock. This theoretical model allows us to interpret the experiment performed in spherical geometry on the OMEGA laser facility. The comparison between numerical simulations and experimental results allow us to characterize the electron source as well as shock pressure and dynamic. Finally, we propose a preliminary design of an experiment to explore the hot electron role in shock generation in planar geometry on the LMJ-PETAL laser facility
Sartor, F. "Instationnarités dans les interactions choc/couche-limite en régime transsonique : étude expérimentale et analyse de stabilité." Phd thesis, Aix-Marseille Université, 2014. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01018720.
Повний текст джерелаGrossi, Fernando. "Physique et modélisation d’interactions instationnaires onde de choc/couche limite autour de profils d’aile transsoniques par simulation numérique." Thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014INPT0015/document.
Повний текст джерелаShock wave/boundary layer interactions arising in the transonic flow over airfoils are studied numerically using different levels of turbulence modeling. The simulations employ standard URANS models suitable for aerodynamics and hybrid RANS-LES methods. The use of a compressibility correction for one-equation closures is also considered. First, the intermittent shock-induced separation occurring over a supercritical airfoil at an angle of attack close to the buffet onset boundary is investigated. After a set of URANS computations, a scale-resolving simulation is performed using the best statistical approach in the context of a Delayed Detached-Eddy Simulation (DDES). The analysis of the flow topology and of the statistical wall-pressure distributions and velocity fields show that the main features of the self-sustained shock-wave oscillation are predicted by the simulations. The DDES also captures secondary flow fluctuations which are not predicted by URANS. An examination of the unsteady RANS-LES interface shows that the DDES successfully prevents modeled-stress depletion whether the flow is attached or separated. The gray area issue and its impact on the results are also addressed. The conclusions from the supercritical airfoil simulations are then applied to the numerical study of a laminar transonic profile. Following a preliminary characterization of the airfoil aerodynamics, the effect of the boundary layer transition location on the properties of two selected shock wave/boundary layer interaction regimes is assessed. In transonic buffet conditions, the simulations indicate a strong dependence of the shock-wave motion amplitude and of the global flow unsteadiness on the tripping location
Humières, Emmanuel d'. "Accélération de protons par interaction laser-plasma et applications." Paris 6, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA066047.
Повний текст джерелаTurc, Lucile. "Interaction des nuages magnétiques éjectés par le Soleil avec l'environnement terrestre." Palaiseau, Ecole polytechnique, 2014. https://theses.hal.science/tel-01112997/document.
Повний текст джерелаMagnetic clouds are huge structures released from the Sun through violent eruptions, which then propagate into the solar system at supersonic speeds. They are characterised in the solar wind by an enhanced and smoothly-rotating magnetic field. They cause large disturbances in the Earth's environment which sometimes have an impact on human activity in space (telecommunications, GPS, …) and on the ground (electrical networks,. . . ). When magnetic clouds arrive in the vicinity of Earth, they first encounter the bow shock. In this thesis, we focus on the alteration of the magnetic structure of the clouds at the bow shock's crossing and during their propagation in the downstream region. Any significant modification would indeed have important implications on the prediction of geomagnetic disturbances. Three different approaches complementing one another are employed to address this issue: we first analyse data from different spacecraft orbiting Earth, in particular from ESA's Cluster mission, then we develop a model describing as a whole the bow shock's crossing and the propagation of the magnetic cloud in the downstream region, and finally we use numerical simulations to study in more detail some aspects of the physics of this interaction. The results obtained with these three methods consistently show that the variation of the cloud's structure across the bow shock is strongly related to the magnetic configuration of the magnetic cloud relative to the shock. This can be quantified by the value of $$\Theta_{\mathrm{Bn}}$$, the angle between the normal to the shock's surface and the magnetic cloud's magnetic field in the solar wind. We show that a quasi-perpendicular configuration ($$\Theta_{\mathrm{Bn}} \sim 90^{\circ}$$) keeps the cloud's magnetic structure roughly unchanged. When the configuration becomes more oblique, a rotation of the magnetic cloud's structure is observed in some parts of the downstream region. In a quasi-parallel geometry, the magnetic cloud's structure is strongly altered. Its magnetic field direction can then reverse and a high level of turbulence is observed downstream of the shock. Using the model we developed, we estimate the location of the regions favourable to reconnection processes, which give rise to disturbances in the Earth's environment. The numerical simulations allow us to investigate the turbulent regions downstream and also upstream of the bow shock. Finally, we find that, owing to the modification of their magnetic structure across the bow shock, the impact of certain magnetic clouds on the Earth's environment can differ from that estimated from their characteristics in the solar wind
Crespo, Matthieu. "Etude de l'interaction entre une onde de choc et une turbulence cisaillée en présence de gradients moyens de température et de masse volumique." Thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009INPT039H/document.
Повний текст джерелаThis study sheds some light on the effects of a specific sheared flow over the shock / turbulence interaction phenomenon. An efficient and modular computational tool using an oriented object approach has first been developed in order to carry out direct numerical simulations of this configuration. The use of high order shock capturing schemes allows to solve accurately the turbulent flow, even in presence of physical discontinuities. A detailed study concerning the effects of this specific mean shear on the turbulent flow has then been conducted in a shock-free configuration. This preliminary study emphases some significant parameters of this flow configuration. In a second step, DNS of the interaction between the turbulent shear flow and a normal shock ware are performed. These simulations are compared to the isotropic turbulence / shock interaction situation, which allows to underline the activationof specific mechanisms due to the presence of the mean shear in the upstream flow. An interesting database is now available and can be used to assess and improve turbulence models. This is also an interesting point of view for studying the shock/boundary layer interaction phenomenon
Bergier, Thomas. "Étude numérique de stratégies de contrôle de l'interaction onde de choc/couche limite en présence d'effets de dérapage." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Toulouse, ISAE, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024ESAE0030.
Повний текст джерелаThe interaction between a shock wave and a turbulent boundary layer (SBLI) is a phenomenon present in many aeronautical and aerospace applications (supersonic air intakes, rocket ejection nozzles, supersonic aircraft wings and fuselages, etc.). This interaction, generally leading to strong boundary layer separation, induces significant spurious effects, potentially generating a reduction in aerodynamic performance (reduced engine performance in the case of an air intake, increased drag and acoustic radiation) as well as high thermal loads and pressure fluctuations. The latter, combined with very low-frequency dynamics (linked to the motion of the foot of the shock wave), are likely to cause structural fatigue and lasting damage to aircraft.For these reasons, this phenomenon has been widely studied by the scientific community, both experimentally and numerically. Most of these studies have focused on the so-called "canonical" SBLI, in which the main flow direction is orthogonal to the plane of the shock wave, generating a predominantly two-dimensional and homogeneous interaction in the spanwise direction. The aim of this thesis is to study the SBLI phenomenon by introducing a "sweep" angle (β), leading to a configuration in which the upstream flow direction is no longer orthogonal to the plane of the incident shock, introducing potential three-dimensional effects and getting closer to a real SBLI application case.To this end, a numerical campaign of large eddys simulations is conducted with an upstream Mach number M∞=2.7 and a Reynolds number based on the boundary layer momentum thickness of Reθ=3400. A total of four sweep angles are studied (including the canonical case), β=[0; 15; 20; 40]°. The aim of these simulations is to quantify the differences between the swept cases and the canonical case, both on the mean flow and on the unsteady dynamics of the SBLI. To achieve this, the simulations are carried out over physical times long enough to capture several tens of low-frequency cycles, enabling a complete analysis of the unsteady behavior of the phenomenon. In particular, analysis of the swept cases shows the appearance of energy at frequencies higher than those usually associated with shock wave motion. These frequencies are linked to structures present in the vicinity of the separation line and convective in the spanwise direction.With the aim of controlling the SBLI and reducing the harmful effects mentioned above, simulations are also carried out with passive control devices placed in the boundary layer upstream of the interaction. In the non-swept case, these generate two longitudinal contra-rotating vortices, which redistribute the momentum in the boundary layer, leading to spanwise modulation of the size of the separated zone and an overall reduction in separation length. In addition, the unsteady dynamics of the SBLI are modified, particularly in the direct wake of the mVG, where low-frequency activity is attenuated compared with the uncontrolled case. The effect of sweep is also investigated for this geometry in presence of mVGs in order to quantify their control potential in a non-canonical configuration, but only one sweep angle, β=20°, is analyzed here. The results indicate that the vortex structure of the wake of mVGs is strongly modified in the presence of sweep, inducing a decrease in their efficiency. This conclusion is valid both with regard to the size of the detached zone, but also with unsteady dynamics
Otsuka, Masahiko. "Applications effectives de l'onde de choc hydrodynamique générée par pulsation électrique ou par explosion." Lille 1, 2007. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/RESTREINT/Th_Num/2007/50376-2007-9.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаA choc wave generated by an underwater explosion or electric pulsed power can be used for industrial applications. Ln automotive and aerospace industry, sheet metal forming is usually used for parts production. Ln metal forming we usually encounter numerical difficulties as spring back problems, which requires implicit time integration, since the time for the structure to damp out from high frequency vibrations is long compare to loading time. Metal forming has a high cost for industrial applications. . Pressure loading due to the press machine in metal forming can be generated through pressure waves from detonation points in hydrodynamic medium. The aim of this work, which has an experimental part, that is validated by numerical simulation, consists of generating pressure waves for dynamic problems, through discrete detonation points, at different locations and detonating at different detonation time. Pressure waves from detonation create a structure loading similar to the one created by the press machine in metal forming. The problem is a fluid structure interaction problem, where the fluid has high damping properties compare to those of ambient air. The fluid is solved using compressible Navier-Stokes equations with equation of state relative to explosive material, the structure is solved with structural dynamic equations, using explicit time integration
Galais, S. "Effets de l'onde de choc et de l'auto-interaction des neutrinos sur la conversion de saveur des neutrinos dans l'environnement des supernovae." Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00683078.
Повний текст джерелаAudebert, Bruno. "Contribution à l'analyse des modèles aux tensions de Reynolds pour l'interaction choc turbulence." Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00850928.
Повний текст джерелаHoornaert, Anne. "Mise en œuvre et validation d'une méthode inverse de caractérisation du transfert de chaleur sur un véhicule hypersonique." École nationale supérieure de l'aéronautique et de l'espace (Toulouse ; 1972-2007), 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005ESAE0008.
Повний текст джерелаDARQUEY, PATRICK. "Ondes de choc et acceleration de feuilles minces par impulsion laser en interaction confinee : tests d'application a la compaction dynamique de poudres metalliques." Poitiers, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989POIT2302.
Повний текст джерелаGrébert, Arnaud. "Simulation numérique aux grandes échelles du contrôle de l'interaction onde de choc/couche limite au moyen de micro-générateurs de vortex." Thesis, Toulouse, ISAE, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018ESAE0046.
Повний текст джерелаBecause it is ubiquitous in high Mach number internal and external flow of interest in aeronauticalapplications, shock wave/turbulent boundary layer interaction (SBLI) is characterised by alow-frequency unsteadiness which generates large wall-pressure fluctuations that can occur at theresonant frequency of the structures. This work is devoted to the study of passive flow controldevices such as microramp vortex generators (mVGs) to alleviate these detrimental effects of SBLI.Large-eddy simulations (LES) have been performed based on an experimental configurationby Wang et al. (2012) of a SBLI under the influence of microramps at a Mach number ofM = 2.7 and a Reynolds number of Re× = 3600. The use of microramps has been shown toenable a reorganisation of the recirculation zone by breaking the spanwise homogeneity of theinteraction, yielding to a change of the reflected shock foot back and forth motion along the span.Additional simulations on three new configurations allowed to assess the effectiveness of microrampsin controlling the SBLI by comparing reduced size mVGs with more conventional ones
Yudiana, Irman. "Etude des modèles à bas nombre de Reynolds pour la simulation numérique des écoulements turbulents compressibles de proche paroi avec et sans interaction de choc." Ecully, Ecole centrale de Lyon, 1996. http://bibli.ec-lyon.fr/exl-doc/TH_T1660_iyudiana.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаThis work has been carried out within the context of the study of compressible turbulent flows at La-boratoire de Mecanique des Fluides et d'Acoustique de l'Ecole Centrale de Lyon. Previous work have shown that the standard k — e turbulence model coupled with wall functions had not been able to predict correctly flows with separation. In the present study, we have used some models taking into account two additional physical parameters: low Reynolds effects and compressibility effects. So, we have studied different versions of low Reynolds k — e models, as well as others two equation models such as k — w, k — R and k — I models. Then, these models have been used to study these two problems: - Simulation of turbulent compressible boundary layers. - Simulation of shock wave/turbulent boundary layer interactions. The two phenomena play a dominant role in internal as well as external aerodynamics. So, it is important to be able to predict correctly characteristics of such flows. It is seen that low Reynolds models bring a clear improvement on prediction of separation flows. On the other hand, the results show that compressibility modeling leads to growing recirculation bubble
Pekerjaan ini termasuk dalam kerangka penelitian aliran turbulen "mampu mampat" di Laboratoire de Mecanique des Fluides et d'Acoustique Ecole Centrale de Lyon. Dari hasil penelitian-penelitian sebelumnya, telah terbukti bahwa model turbulen klasik "k — e" bersama "hukum dinding" tidak mampu untuk raem-prediksi aliran-aliran yang mengandung "arus balik". Dalam penelitian ini, kami menggunakan pemodelan-pemodelan yang memperhitungkan efek-efek bilangan "Reynolds" rendah dan efek-efek "mampu mampat", untuk memperbaiki prediksi aliran-aliran tersebut. Untuk itu, kami mempelajari beberapa versi dari model "k — s" bilangan "Reynolds" rendah dan juga model-model lainnya yang menggunakan dua persamaan, seperti model "k — u>", model nk — R" dan model "k — Model-model tersebut kemudian digunakan untuk mempelajari dua masalah berikut: - Simulasi aliran lapis batas turbulen "mampu mampat". - Simulasi interaksi supersonik antara gelombang kejut dan aliran lapis batas turbulen. Kedua fenomena tersebut memegang peranan penting di berbagai situasi, baik dalam aerodinamika intern maupun aerodinamika ekstern. Oleh sebab itu, sangat penting bagi kita untuk mampu memprediksi dengan baik aliran-aliran tersebut. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa model-model bilangan " Reynolds" rendah mampu memperbaiki prediksi " arus balik". Kemudian hasil simulasi tersebut juga membuktikan bahwa pemodelan-pemodelan efek-efek "mampu mampat" berpengaruh untuk memperbesar daerah " arus balik"
Piponniau, Sébastien. "Instationnarités dans les décollements compressibles : cas des couches limites soumises à ondes de choc." Phd thesis, Université de Provence - Aix-Marseille I, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00403795.
Повний текст джерелаCes interactions, pour des ondes de choc assez fortes, engendrent le décollement et le recollement de la couche limite, et sont le siège d'instationnarités basses fréquences dont les origines sont mal connues. Ces instationnarités ont été caractérisées expérimentalement en partie dans des travaux précédents, et des similarités entre l'interaction étudiée ici et d'autres configurations d'interactions ainsi qu'avec les décollements de couche limite subsonique ont été mis en évidence, suggérant que les mécanismes responsables des instationnarités sont de même nature.
Pour ces travaux, la Vélocimétrie par Imagerie de Particules (PIV) a été utilisée afin de décrire spatialement l'organisation longitudinale et transversale de cette interaction. L'exploitation des mesures a mis en évidence un lien statistique fort entre les mouvements basses fréquences du choc réfléchi et les contractions/dilatations successives du bulbe décollé. L'interprétation proposée est que les grands mouvements du choc sont liés aux pulsations basses fréquences du décollement, associées à sa réalimentation intermittente en air frais.
Un modèle aérodynamique en a été déduit et permet de préciser les principaux paramètres contrôlant l'échelle de temps du phénomène. En particulier, il permet de déterminer la fréquence des battements du choc. Ce modèle a été appliqué aux interactions sur plaques planes ainsi que pour d'autres configurations expérimentales, pour un éventail de nombres de Mach allant de M=0 à 5, et montre un bon accord avec les mesures.
Haddar, Mohamed. "Modélisation numérique d'un système mécanique couplé (fluide-structure) en présence du phénomène de choc : application au support moteur hydroélastique." Compiègne, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991COMPD412.
Повний текст джерелаSauvan, Pierre-Emmanuel. "Etude des phénomènes physiques associés à la propagation d'ondes consécutives à une explosion et leur interaction avec des structures, dans un environnement complexe." Phd thesis, Université d'Orléans, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00802429.
Повний текст джерелаRendu, Quentin. "Modélisation des écoulements transsoniques décollés pour l'étude des interactions fluide-structure." Thesis, Lyon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LYSE1328/document.
Повний текст джерелаTransonic flows, which are common in aeronautical and spatial propulsion systems, produce shock-waves over solid boundaries. When a shock-wave impacts the boundary layer, an adverse pressure gradient is generated and a thickening or even a separation of the boundary layer is induced. If the solid boundary vibrates, the shock-wave oscillates, interacts with the boundary layer and produce a fluctuation of the static pressure at the wall. This induces an exchange of energy between the fluid and the structure which can be stabilising or lead to an aeroelastic instability (flutter).The main objective of this PhD thesis is the modelling of the unsteady behaviour the simulation of the shock-wave/boundary layer interaction for fluid-structure interaction studies. To this end, simulations have been carried out to solve Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes equations using two equations turbulence model. The method is validated thanks to experimental data obtained on a transonic nozzle dedicated to aeroelastic studies. This method is then use to increase the predictability of flutter events in turbomachinery.A time linearised frequency-domain method is applied to RANS equations. It is shown that the unsteady behaviour of the turbulent boundary-layer contributes to the fluctuating static pressure when the shock-wave boundary layer interaction is strong. Hence, the frozen turbulence assumption is not valid and the turbulence model must be derivated. Thus, the regularisation of the non derivable operators is proposed and applied on k-? Wilcox (2006) turbulence model.The unsteady behaviour of the shock-wave/boundary-layer interaction in a transonic nozzle is evaluated thanks to 2D numerical simulations and shows good agreement with experimental data. When varying the reduced frequency an aeroelastic instability is found, known as transonic flutter. An active control device generating backward travelling pressure waves is then designed and numerically validated.Finally, a methodology is proposed to understand the aerodynamic onsets of transonic flutter. To this end, a preliminary design of a high bypass ratio transonic fan has been carried out. This fan, named ECL5, is dedicated to experimental aerodynamic and aeroelastic studies. The methodology relies on 2D simulations of a tip blade passage and uses linearisation to analyse the contribution of local sources as a function of reduced frequency, nodal diameter and mode shape
Franzkowiak, Jean-Eloi. "Interaction lumière-nuage de particules micrométriques hautes vitesses : application à la Vélocimétrie Hétérodyne." Thesis, Paris, ENSAM, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018ENAM0053/document.
Повний текст джерелаAs a shockwave reaches a roughened metal’s surface, high-speed micron-sized particles are ejected. The spectral signature of the cloud can be measured using a fiber-based interferometric setup, so-called Photon Doppler velocimetry (PDV).In the single scattering regime, we study how the parametric dependencies of the cloud influence its Doppler response. Using a Maximum Likelihood technique, we estimate the mass-velocity function of ejected material, and its uncertainty. The time-dependent statistical properties of the spectrum, coming from the complex optical collection efficiency of the probe, are also explained.We present a Monte Carlo method to incorporate multiple scattering. Three different ejecta experiments are studied and the presence of non-physical velocities attributed to multiple scattering between surface and ejecta. Cloud’s visibility and backscattered power decrease with time due to the existence of different scattering regimes. Whatever the ejected mass, multiple scattering effects have to be integrated in PDV calculations. A single scattering will only be asymptotically valid, when time reaches infinity and/or the beam diameter is negligible with respect to the scattering mean free paths
Philit, Mickaël. "Modélisation, simulation et analyse des instationnarités en écoulement transsonique décollé en vue d'application à l'aéroélasticité des turbomachines." Thesis, Ecully, Ecole centrale de Lyon, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013ECDL0033/document.
Повний текст джерелаIn modern turbomachinery design, predicting aerolastic phenomena has become a key point. The development of highly loaded components, while reducing their weight, increases the risk of failure. In this context, good understanding and prediction of various instabilities are a major industrial and scientific challenge. This research work aims to improve the prediction of unsteady phenomena involved in turbomachinery aeroelasticity. This study focuses especially on the simulation of shock wave/boundary layer interaction. To begin with, a transonic nozzle separated flow is investigated. Forced oscillation of the shock wave system is simulated through a small unsteady perturbation method combined with the assumption of variable turbulence. This approach is validated against exprimental measurements. The first harmonic of pressure on the wall of the nozzle is predicted quite satisfactorily. The need to linearize the turbulence model was shown of high importance. Deriving the turbulence model, leads us to investigate the turbulence modeling performed to predict the shockwave/boundary layer interaction. A two equations turbulence model supplemented by a "time-lagged" equation is implemented to capture non-equilibrium effects of turbulence. All achieved results for a nozzle are consistent with theory, but overproduction of turbulent kinetic energy at leading edge makes the model useless for turbomachinery configurations. However, the introduction of an eddy viscosity stress limiter inside a two-equation turbulence model proves to give good results. The derivation method is thus presented on such a model, precisely on Wilcox model proposed in 2008. Finally, the linearization technique is extended to aeroelastic problems. A loose fluid-structure coupling strategy is adopted. The structural oscillation of the blades is considered for eigen-modes but frequency is free to change during coupling resolution. The new approach is based on the building of a meta-model to describe the fluid dynamic behavior in order to solve directly the coupled fluid-structure system. This technique is validated on a standard high subsonic turbine configuration and takes advantage of a reduced computation time
Messahel, Ramzi. "ALE and SPH formulations for Fluid Structure Interaction : shock waves impact." Thesis, Lille 1, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LIL10022/document.
Повний текст джерелаThis thesis focuses on the numerical study of the propagation of shock waves in compressible multiphase flows and fluid structure interaction. Two approaches are being studied for the numerical solution of the fluid part: the ALE approach (Arbitrary Lagrangian Eulerian) and the Lagrangian SPH (Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics) approach; while the structure part is solved by a conventional FE (Finite Element). The numerical investigation of the ALE and SPH methods are the two main areas of research.Water Hammers phenomena occuring in nuclear industries are investigated in this thesis. During a Water Hammer, the shock waves reflections in nuclear piping may drop locally the water pressure below its saturation pressure and generate cavitation. The three equations HEM (Homogeneous Equilibrium Model) phase change model proposed by Saurel et al. (1999) is studied and applied to solve water hammers. The obtained results are compared with experimental data. Despite the use of renormalization techniques in SPH, instabilities (numerical oscillations) are developed at the interface between particles from different materials. These instabilities restrict the use of traditional SPH schemes to problems with low density ratio. In order to solve the shock problems in the compressible regime, the scheme originally proposed by Hu and Adams (2006) is adapted to fully compressible regime (FC-SPH) by considering the coupling between the density and the smoothing length. The different SPH schemes are compared for 1-D and 2-D multiphase shock problems. Validation is performed in comparison with exact solutions for 1-D problems and ALE solution for 2-D problems
Chaulagain, Uddhab Prasad. "Radiative shocks : experiments, modelling and links to astrophysics." Thesis, Paris 6, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA066734.
Повний текст джерелаRadiative shocks are strong shocks which are characterized by a plasma at high temperatures emitting an important fraction of its energy as radiation. Radiative shocks are found in many astrophysical systems, including stellar accretion shocks, supernovae remnants, jet driven shocks, etc. Recently, radiative shocks have also been produced experimentally using high energy lasers. Thus opening the way to laboratory astrophysics studies of these universal phenomena.In this thesis we discuss the results of an experiment performed on the Prague Asterix Laser System facility. Shocks are generated by focusing the PALS Infrared laser beam on millimetre-scale targets filled with xenon gas at low pressure. The shock that is generated then propagates in the gas with a sufficiently high velocity such that the shock is in a radiative flux dominated regime. We used different diagnostics to characterize these shocks. The two main ones include a radiography of the whole shock structure using sub-nanosecond Zn X-ray laser at 21.2 nm, which is able to penetrate the dense post-shock layer, and a space-and-time resolved plasma self-emission using high speed diodes.The experimental results show, for the first time, an unambiguous shock structure which includes both the post-shock and the precursor, and we also obtained multiple shock velocity measurements from the different diagnostics. The experimental results are compared to simulations, and show good agreement with the numerical results