Дисертації з теми "Integrated rural electrification system"
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Liang, Tian Shen. "Rural Electrification in East Malaysia : Achieving optimal power generation system and sustainability of rural electrification projects." Thesis, KTH, Energiteknik, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-192252.
Повний текст джерелаSyftet med detta projekt är att föreslå förbättringar till en icke-statlig organisation i Malaysia, Lightup Borneo, för utformning av ett optimalt elproduktionssystem som kontinuerligt kan leverera el. Dessutom diskuteras hur hållbarhet kan uppnås i elektrifieringsprojekt på landsbyggden. Projektet har sträckt sig över sex månader, och inkluderar resultat från faktainsamling, fältarbete, samt en datorsstödd fallstudieanalys med hjälp av mjukvaran Homer. Statliga program för elektrifiering har undersökts, och verkar som referenser för genomförande av projektets mål. Kampung Mantapok valdes som föremål för fallstudien. Det system som för närvarande är installerat i denna by består endast av en 10 kW mikrovattenkraftverk med en enkel kontrollmodul. Byns totala elbehov är 53.72 kWh/d, med dagliga toppbelastningar kl 11 samt 17. Ett antal systemkonfigurationer, baserade på faktorförsök har utvärderas med HOMER. En systemkonfiguration bestående av en 10 kW mikrogenerator för vattenkraft, en 3 kW inverter samt två 280 Ah batterier valdes. I denna utformning erhölls det lägsta COE och NPC – RM 0.181 (US$ 0.045) respektive RM 46,230 (US$ 11,558). Denna konfiguration tillgodoser 100% av elbehovet på årsbasis. Systemkostnaden ökar då flödesuttaget från floden minskar. COE minskar när ellasten, kapacitetbrist och batteriets livstid ökar.Lika viktiga som systemkostnaden är bybornas tillfredsställelse och tillit till systemet för eltillförsel. Det nuvarande systemet har en 5%-ig kapacitetsbrist på årsbasis och visar sämre flexibilitet vad gäller att hantera varierande flöden och en framtida behovstillväxt. Därför är förbättringar i det nuvarande systemet motiverade. Investeringskostnaderna för förbättringar utgör 19% av investeringskostnaden för nuvarande system, men 11 ton koldioxid kan sparas genom minskat behov av diesel, och COE och NPC minskar med 73%. För att uppnå hållbarhet i elektrifieringsprojekt på landsbygden föreslås fyra rekommendationer: integrering av utvecklingsprogram, upprättande av samhällsorganisation per by, samt förbättrat utbyte av kunskap och kommunikation. Projektets resultat är användbara för Lightup Borneos kommande projekt, livscykelanalys av system för elproduktion och studie av samhällsbaserade elproduktion, och om energireform i Malaysia.
Oama, Clint Arthur. "Hybrid Energy System for Off – Grid Rural Electrification(Case study Kenya)." Thesis, Högskolan på Gotland, Institutionen för kultur, energi och miljö, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-217001.
Повний текст джерелаWilliams, Jada Bennette. "Strategies for Improved Microgrid System Selection for the Electrification of Rural Areas." University of Dayton / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=dayton1437961472.
Повний текст джерелаPokharel, Shaligram. "Integrated rural energy decision support system." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp05/nq22228.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаSuwannakum, Tawatchai. "Mini-grid system for rural electrification in the great Mekong sub-regional countries." Kassel Kassel Univ. Press, 2007. http://d-nb.info/987579800/04.
Повний текст джерелаAzimoh, Chukwuma Leonard. "Sustainability and development impacts of off-grid electrification in developing countries : An assessment of South Africa's rural electrification program." Doctoral thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Framtidens energi, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-30762.
Повний текст джерелаKoko, S. P., K. Kusakana, and H. J. Vermaak. "Techno-economic analysis of an off-grid micro-hydrokinetic river system for remote rural electrification." Interim : Interdisciplinary Journal, Vol 13, Issue 3: Central University of Technology Free State Bloemfontein, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11462/311.
Повний текст джерелаThis study investigates the use of off-grid micro-hydrokinetic river system as a cost-effective and sustainable electricity supply option for remote rural residents in close proximity to flowing water and not having access to grid electricity. This hydrokinetic technology is still in the development stage and there is a lack of application especially in rural areas with reasonable water resource. This study will present the economic and environmental benefits of the proposed system. A mathematical model is developed to simulate the system performance as submitted to different solicitations. A test prototype will also be used in order to validate the simulation results.
Suwannakum, Tawatchai [Verfasser]. "Mini-Grid System for Rural Electrification in the Great Mekong Sub Regional Countries / Tawatchai Suwannakum." Kassel : Kassel University Press, 2008. http://d-nb.info/100661608X/34.
Повний текст джерелаKayumba, Epimaque. "Design of a Battery Charging System Using a Micro-Hydro Power for Rwandan Rural Area Electrification." Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Avdelningen för bygg- energi- och miljöteknik, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-17973.
Повний текст джерелаGaslac, Lucero, Sebastian Willis, Grimaldo Quispe, and Carlos Raymundo. "A hybrid energy system based on renewable energy for the electrification of low-income rural communities." Institute of Physics Publishing, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/624632.
Повний текст джерелаRevisión por pares
Mahmud, Abdul M. "A post-installation analysis of solar PV-diesel hybrid systems for school electrification in Sabah, Malaysia." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2016. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/24725.
Повний текст джерелаSilinto, Berino Francisco, and Nelso Alberto Bila. "Feasibility Study of Solar-Wind Hybrid Power System for Rural Electrification at the Estatuene Locality in Mozambique." Thesis, KTH, Kraft- och värmeteknologi, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-178345.
Повний текст джерелаKoko, Sandile Phillip. "Techno-economic analysis of an off-grid micro-hydrokinetic river system as a remote rural electrification option." Thesis, Bloemfontein: Central University of Technology, Free State, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11462/272.
Повний текст джерелаRemote rural electrification via grid-extension is a challenging solution due to high connection costs and low electricity consumption rate. As a result, it is difficult to recover the initial investment costs. Therefore, electrification is made possible by means of the commonly used off-grid approaches such as solar, wind, diesel generator and conventional micro-hydro. However, owing to non-continuous availability of sunlight and wind, high cost of diesel fuel, and requirements for construction of diversion weirs, these off-grid approaches might not offer a cost-effective and reliable solution to low income rural residents. There are many rural communities throughout the world without access to grid electricity and with access to flowing water. An off-grid micro-hydrokinetic river (MHR) system is one of the promising technologies to be used in remote rural areas with flowing water. It can bring sustainable improvement to their quality of life due to its high energy density and minimal environmental impact. This technology is still in the development stage and there is a lack of application, especially in rural areas. Hence, this study investigates the current status of MHR technology in rural applications. To demonstrate the economic feasibility of an off-grid MHR system, a rural site with multiple energy sources within South Africa has been used. The economic benefit offered by this proposed system at the selected site is compared to the economic benefits offered by other commonly used standalone systems such a solar, wind and diesel generator (DG). This economic comparison has been performed by making use of a Hybrid Optimization Model for Electric Renewable (HOMER) simulation tool. Grid extension has also been used as a comparison method for obtaining an economical distance between grid lines and the remote rural site. The results highlighted the acceptable economic performance of the MHR system. Finally, most of the available modelling and simulation tools for mechanical and electrical systems are not equipped with hydrokinetic modules. Hence, an MHR system model has been developed in MATLAB/Simulink in order to study its dynamic performance as submitted to variable water resource. Its performance has then been compared to the performance of a wind system counterpart for generating the same amount of electrical power. This proved/verified that the proposed system can generate electricity markedly cheaper than a wind system even in areas with adequate wind resource within South Africa.
Mamphweli, Ntshengedzeni Sampson. "Implementation of a 150kva biomass gasifier system for community economic empowerment in South Africa." Thesis, University of Fort Hare, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10353/262.
Повний текст джерелаPagani, Letizia. "Mini-grid for rural electrification: EMTP model and system analysis. The case of Idjwi Island, Democratic Republic of Congo." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2021.
Знайти повний текст джерелаSoares, Emanoel Augusto Paulo. "A New perspective in rural electrification in DC voltage: an experience in the State of PiauÃ." Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2011. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=14989.
Повний текст джерелаThis work presents the studies, specifications, installation and operation of a photovoltaic system in order to provide electricity to a public school located in an isolated area of the southern state of PiauÃ. The system was proposed and its prototype constituted by photovoltaic panel, battery bank, charger from the battery bank and converter DC / DC elevator, that feed the chargers in direct current designed for a range of three days, even in minimum solar radiation. The solar energy captured by solar panel is stored in a stationary batteries, lead acid type. The battery charger working at maximum power point (MPP) of the panel is responsible for load bank. The load is supplied by the DC / DC converter lift high gain (24 Vdc to 311 Vdc). The complete design system and its control are presented throughout this work, as well as presented the main results of the experimental prototype shown and installed in the field.
Sadiqi, Mahdi. "Basic design and cost optimization of a hybrid power system in rural communities in Afghanistan." Kansas State University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/13824.
Повний текст джерелаDepartment of Electrical and Computer Engineering
Anil Pahwa
In Afghanistan, electricity is mostly generated by hydroelectric, diesel and natural gas generators. A significant amount of electricity also is imported from neighboring countries. Accessibility of electricity is mostly limited to the capital and main towns. The government of Afghanistan and other development organizations, such as The United States Agency for International Development (USAID) and Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (German Agency for International Cooperation “GIZ”), are striving to develop accessibility of electricity to remote communities by supporting the local population of people to enhance living conditions. Although some of these remote communities are served by local diesel fuel generators for just a couple of hours during the night, still most communities do not have access to electricity and they are using wood and kerosene as major sources of energy in cooking, heating and lighting. For those remote communities who are served by local diesel fuel generators, the cost of electricity is much higher than from the national grid. On the other hand, grid extensions are too expensive and, in some cases, impossible for such communities because of the geographical features of Afghanistan. Afghanistan is a mountainous country which receives a significant amount of snow during the winter and once it melts the water runs into rivers, lakes and streams. Therefore mostly it does not face any shortage of running water during the year. Also Afghanistan has plentiful wind and solar energy. Therefore, small hydro-power, wind turbine and solar energy are attractive renewable energy sources for remote communities. The development of such a hybrid power system is a complex process and technical expertise is essential in design and construction phases. The main challenges are the high cost of civil works and equipment, technical expertise for design and construction and encouragement of local people for the support of the project. This report will give an insight into design, cost-effectiveness and feasibility of the system using HOMER in order to encourage private investors and local community people to take advantage of this potential available in Afghanistan and be convinced of the sustainability for investments in micro-hydropower, wind and solar.
UGWOKE, BLESSING ONYECHE. "The Integrated Rural Renewable and Sustainable Energy Planning Framework for Low-Income Countries: A Nigerian case study." Doctoral thesis, Politecnico di Torino, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11583/2907016.
Повний текст джерелаSloan, L'Tanya Webb. "The effect of implementing integrated learning system technology on teacher attitudes in rural and urban schools." DigitalCommons@Robert W. Woodruff Library, Atlanta University Center, 1993. http://digitalcommons.auctr.edu/dissertations/2130.
Повний текст джерелаGkiala, Fikari Stamatia. "Modeling and Simulation of an Autonomous Hybrid Power System." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Fasta tillståndets fysik, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-267767.
Повний текст джерелаPeña, La Torre Walter José, and Talledo José Eduardo Nevado. "Desarrollo de un sistema de control que hace el seguimiento del máximo punto de potencia en paneles solares aplicado a sistemas de generación fotovoltaica para entornos rurales." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/626089.
Повний текст джерелаThe present project details the development of a control system that aims to improve the performance of solar applications for rural electrification. The designed system monitors the maximum power point in a solar panel stabilizing its operation in this area. In order to design and build the system, control techniques, knowledge of DC-DC converters and programming of microcontrollers were use. This thesis consists of five chapters. In the first chapter the problem and justification of the development of the project is presented, as well as the objectives sought. The second chapter deals with the theoretical framework of the thesis, an explanation of the control techniques used, concepts applied of DC-DC sources and a description of the elements that make up the Photovoltaic Autonomous System. The third chapter deals with the hardware description, in which the design of the chosen DC-DC converter is detail. In the fourth chapter the description of the control stage is presented, which shows the fuzzy algorithm used for the control, as well as the simulation and the results. Finally, in the fifth chapter, the experimental results of the developed prototyped are shown in a 100W photovoltaic panel control scenario then conclusion of the development process are presented as well.
Tesis
Kim, Bunthern. "Contribution to the design and control of a hybrid renewable energy generation system based on reuse of electrical and electronics components for rural electrification in developing countries." Thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019INPT0041/document.
Повний текст джерелаWhile the Cambodia’s government is making effort to increase electricity production for its energy demand, it still remains dependent on the existing or the expansion of the centralized grid lines which have high initial investment cost. The temporally solution is to employ a distributed energy generation system which has lower life cycle cost and provides a diversity of technologies to meet the desired applications. Minimizing environmental impacts represents a major objective of sustainable development considering resources depletion and the limited capabilities of the environment to adapt. The potential of renewable energy resources has been well understood as the solutions to power rural development and to reduce the environmental impacts of energy generation. Due to advance in technologies and increasing consumer demands, there has been a vast amount of electrical and electronic waste which introduces severe impacts on the environment. The current strategies mainly rely on conventional waste collection and processing techniques for material recovery. This thesis proposed a solution of reusing discarded components in an isolated hybrid renewable energy system as the solution for electrification of rural Cambodia. This is frugal innovation, local solution with local materials for and with local people. A suitable configuration for the proposed system is a solar-hydro hybrid generation system since solar and water resources are plentiful in rural Cambodia. The components that are reused in the solution after being discarded include computer power supply units (PSUs) for the solar part, uninterruptable power supply units (UPSs) and three phase induction machines for the electrohydro part. Used auto-mobile batteries will be used for the system storage. The thesis presents in the first part the evaluation of the environmental impacts of the proposed reuse solution for rural electrification. The study of the environmental impacts is based on Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) methodology which compares the life cycle impacts of the proposed solution to that of a conventional solution. Moreover, a sensitivity analysis is achieved in order to evaluate the impacts of uncertainties of the environmental impacts. The second part of this work deals with the technological aspects of the reuse solution in both theory and experimentation. The first part of this aspect is focused on the repurposing of used computer power supply units (PSUs), through limited modifications of the circuits in order to increase its range of operation. The PSU which usually contains one of a few types of isolated DC-DC converters is repurposed as charge controller with MPPT control in a cheap micro-controller with very good results. The last part of this thesis studies a new configuration of generators based on re-used three-phase induction motors. The proposed single-phase generator is based on a three-phase machine in a modified version of the coupling and with a rather uncommon supply. Modelling is highly investigated. An inverterassisted topology where two windings will be supplied separately by two inverters for excitation and the remaining winding is connected to load. A new modeling of the generator has been studied. The results of simulation were compared to experimental test results in open loop study. These results have demonstrated the advantages of the new configuration in comparison to the previously proposed inverter-assisted topology in term of efficiency and minimization of torqueripple
Bakkabulindi, Geofrey. "Planning Models for Single Wire Earth Return Power Distribution Networks." Licentiate thesis, KTH, Elektriska energisystem, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-107160.
Повний текст джерелаQC 20121207
Sustainable Technological Development in the Lake Victoria Region
Bandara, Jayasinghe. "An Integrated Power Supply System for Water Pumping and Lighting in a Rural Village Utilizing Renewable Energy Sources." Thesis, KTH, Energiteknik, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-178068.
Повний текст джерелаTsuanyo, David. "Approches technico-économiques d’optimisation des systèmes énergétiques décentralisés." Thesis, Perpignan, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PERP0017/document.
Повний текст джерелаThe development of renewable and / or conventional energy systems for power supply to decentralized areas faces many technical, institutional, socio-cultural and financial barriers. The solution recommended in this thesis is to look for approaches to design sustainable and cost-effective systems for the development of rural electrification by the private sector. An analysis of various economic criteria allows first to define several types of equivalence inter-linking them: equivalence for investment decision, equivalence for the optimal sizing and equivalence for ranking technical solutions. This first study shows that the three economic criteria usually used (levelized cost of energy, internal rate of return and discounted payback period) lead to different optimal technical solutions. A techno-economic model is then developed for off-grid batteryless PV/Diesel hybrid systems. An application to 2iE-K1 campus (Ouagadougou) has been done to validate the compliance of models compared to HOMER software. It shows that the maximum internal rate of return criteria or minimum discounted payback period criteria reduces the initial investment and the amount of the maximum debt. Several optimal solutions are then obtained, depending on economic criteria under consideration. The electrification of the rural community of Bilgo has been chosen for a real case study. The work carried out, through this thesis, could be classified in the category of optimal design and techno-economic optimization tools for off-grid energy production systems
Lee, Chi-on. "Sustainable development and integrated transport planning : "Is Hong Kong moving towards a more sustainable transport system for new development areas?" /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1999. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B2104238X.
Повний текст джерелаTHOLLEY, JOSEF BILSHAN. "Integrated agricultural technology in food and energy production with small scale farmers at community level in the upland ecology of Sierra Leone." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2434/251409.
Повний текст джерелаElbana, Karim. "Socio-Technical Analysis for the Off-Grid PV System at Mavuno Girls’ Secondary School in Tanzania." Thesis, Högskolan Dalarna, Energiteknik, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:du-28839.
Повний текст джерелаHolmberg, Aksel, and Oscar Pettersson. "DESIGN OF A TECHNO-ECONOMIC OPTIMIZATION TOOL FOR SOLAR HOME SYSTEMS IN NAMIBIA." Thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för ekonomi, samhälle och teknik, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-33151.
Повний текст джерелаAlbaz, Abdulkarim. "Investigation into using Stand-Alone Building Integrated Photovoltaic System (SABIPV) as a fundamental solution for Saudi rural areas and studying the expected impacts." Thesis, Brunel University, 2015. http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/15844.
Повний текст джерелаGranqvist, Jessica, and Lily Gao. "The electricity demand andsupply in El Espino : Alternatives for diversification of renewabletechnologies." Thesis, KTH, Hållbar utveckling, miljövetenskap och teknik, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-254415.
Повний текст джерелаAnvändningen av alternativa bränslen, särskilt förnybara energikällor, har varit en viktig strategi för att minska utsläppen av växthusgaser. I Bolivia kämpar många landsbygdsområden med en opålitlig strömförsörjning. Den vanligaste lösningen för elektricitet i sådana områden är off-grid system, där hybridsystem har blivit en lämplig lösning. I denna studie, optimeras ett hybridsystem beläget i byn El Espino, med ett linjärt programmeringsverktyg; MicroGridsPy. För närvarande drivs byn av ett hybridsystem bestående av solceller, en dieselgenerator och blybatterier för att lagra energin. För att optimera systemet på ett hållbart sätt, utifrån ett ekonomiskt, miljömässigt och socialt perspektiv, studeras två vindturbiner med de nominella kapaciteterna 5 och 10 kW, för att sedan introduceras till hybridsystemet. För att göra detta simuleras områdets solstrålning och vindhastighet med hjälp av en WRF-modell (Weather Research and Forecast). Effekten från vindturbinerna kan då erhållas genom att modellera effektkurvorna, och kan därefter läggas till i optimeringsmodellen. Optimeringen utförs både med och utan vindturbiner för att på så sätt utvärdera deras inverkan på systemet. I optimeringsmodellen fastställs egenskaper hos komponenterna, techno-ekonomiska parametrar, inklusive investeringskostnader och begränsningar såsom förnybar penetration och kostnad för energispill. De erhållna resultaten visade bland annat att vindhastigheten är högre under vintersäsongen, och att effekten är proportionell mot vindhastigheten, oavsett storlek på vindturbin. Vidare har vindturbinen med kapacitet 10 kW visat sig vara den mest lämpade för systemet av de två jämförda. Systemets ekonomiska värden, såsom NPC och LCOE, är högre, ju högre förnybar penetration, men lägre för systemet med vindturbiner. Detta implicerar att vindenergi kan vara till nytta för hybridsystemet, både ur miljösynpunkt och ur en ekonomisk synvinkel. En slutsats som kan dras är att vindturbiner är en passande teknik för landsbygdselektrifiering, och att optimeringsverktyget som användes är känslig mot kostnader. Vidare konstateras att vind- och solenergi kompletterar varandra både säsongsvis och på daglig basis.
Jackisch, Conrad. "Towards applied modeling of the human-eco-system an approach of hydrology based integrated modeling of a semi-arid sub-catchment in rural north-west India." Master's thesis, Universität Potsdam, 2007. http://opus.kobv.de/ubp/volltexte/2007/1351/.
Повний текст джерелаDie Entwicklung ländlicher Regionen hinsichtlich von Ernährungssicherheit, Nachhaltigkeit und sozio-ökonomischer Stabilität ist eine der wichtigsten Aufgaben unserer globalisierten Gemeinschaft. In Hinblick auf den Klimawandel sind insbesondere semi-aride Gebiete im Einfluss von Monsun oder El Niño von extremen Wetterereignissen betroffen. Tockenheiten, Überschwemmungen, Erosion, Bodendegradation, Verschlechterung der Wasserqualität und Versteppung sind nur einige, oft beobachtete Folgen. Der Stand der Forschung in Sachen hydrologischer Umweltmodellierung ist insbesondere einem reduktionistischen Paradigma verhaftet (Sivapalan 2005). Obwohl eine enorme Menge verschiedenster Prozessmodelle existiert können auf Grundlage kleinskaliger Prozessapproximationen die komplex interagierenden Prozesse in ihren wirkenden Skalen im Raum-Zeit-Kontinuum nur begrenzt beschreiben werden (z.B. Beven 2002). Während die verwendeten Modelle große Mengen an Parametern und Daten benötigen, können wichtige Informationen über Muster und Organisationsprinzipien nicht in die Simulationen einfließen. Für eine Analyse möglicher Wege und Restriktionen der integrierten hydrologischen Modellierung als Mittel in der Entscheidungsunterstützung wurde das 512 km² große Einzugsgebiet des Mod Flusses in Jhabua, Madhya Pradesh, Indien ausgewählt. Es ist gekennzeichnet von charakteristischen Problemen der Neuen Peripherie (z.B. Scholz 2004) (im human-geographischen Kontext) und intensiv anthropogen beeinflusster Agrar-Öko-Systeme der semi-ariden Tropen. Die dünne Datengrundlage des nicht-bepegelten Einzugsgebiets stellt dabei eine besondere Anforderung an die Datenakquise. In der vorliegenden Arbeit wird ein methodischer Ansatz vorgestellt, der Feld- und Fernerkundungstechniken zur Landschaftsanalyse verbindet. Mit dem Fokus auf Plausibilität statt strenger "Datengenauigkeit" wird eine Datenbank zur hydrologischen Modellierung des Gebiets entwickelt. Das Catena-basierte hydrologische Prozessmodell WASA (Güntner 2002) wird um eine Routine zur Simulation der Entwicklung von Nutzpflanzen nach de Wit (z.B. in Bouman et al. 1996) erweitert. Zur Anwendung des Modells als Entscheidungsunterstützungssystem ist ein agentenbasierter Landnutzungsalgorithmus entwickelt worden, welcher auf Grundlage von Standorteigenschaften und politischen Vorgaben wie Profitmaximierung oder Standortanpassung über die Landnutzung entscheidet. Das neue Modellsystem wird zur Untersuchung von einigen Landnutzungstrategien so verwendet, dass nicht antizipierte Szenarien sondern die Wechselwirkung des Systems selbst die Realisation des Modells bestimmen. Die Umsetzung zeigt einerseits mögliche Ansätze zur Verbesserung der Situation im Untersuchungsgebiet auf. Anderseits gibt sie konkrete Vorschläge zu zentralen Fragen hydrologischer Umweltmodellierung und zur Überwindung bestehender Paradigmen.
Kronebrant, Mattias. "Cost comparison of solar home systems and PV micro-grid : The influence of inter-class diversity." Thesis, Högskolan i Halmstad, Akademin för ekonomi, teknik och naturvetenskap, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-33997.
Повний текст джерелаNästan en femtedel av världens befolkning saknar tillgång till elektricitet. Nicaragua är ett av de länder där en stor del av befolkningen saknar eltillgång och det gäller speciellt hushållen på landsbygden. Utbyggnader av elnätet till dessa områden är ofta låg-prioriterade på grund av höga kostnader för att tillgodose ett många gånger lågt energi och effektbehov. En alternativ lösning för att ge dessa hushåll tillgång till elektricitet är att använda off-grid system, system frikopplade från det nationella elnätet. Två vanligt förekommande off-grid system är solar home systems (SHSs) och micro-grids. Det faktum att flera hushåll ofta använder sin toppeffekt vid olika tillfällen (sammanlagring av effekt) har visat sig vara till stor fördel för micro-grids. Tidigare studier har visat att sammanlagringsfaktorn i ett micro-grid kan reducera nödvändig kapacitet av solceller och energilager upp till 80%, i jämförelse med enskilda system (t.ex. SHSs). Dessa studier bygger dock på antagna sammanlagringsfaktorer, overkliga lastprofiler och nödvändig kapacitet beräknas med intuitiva metoder. Med data från intervjuer i ett landsbygdssamhälle i Nicaragua skapas lastprofiler och en sammanlagringsfaktor beräknas för samhället. Lastprofilerna skapas i en programvara utvecklad för att formulera realistiska lastprofiler för off-grid konsumenter i landsbygdsområden. Lastprofilerna används senare i programvaran HOMER där sammanlagringens påverkan på nödvändig kapacitet och kostnad undersöks genom en jämförelse mellan SHSs och ett solcellsdrivet micro-grid. Studien visar att nödvändig kapacitet och nuvärdeskostnad för växelriktare och laddningsregulator tydligt minskar till följd av sammanlagring. Nödvändig kapacitet på solceller och batterier minskar också när ett micro-grid används. Dock beror detta med stor sannolikhet inte på sammanlagring utan är ett resultat från de begränsade märkeffekter på komponenter som användes i HOMER.
Duarte, Natalia da Silva. "Sistemas Produtivos Locais SolidÃrios como EstratÃgia de InserÃÃo da PEA Rural na Economia como Sujeito da sua Historia: Estudo de Caso no MunicÃpio de QuixadÃ/CE." Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2008. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=3352.
Повний текст джерелаO modelo de desenvolvimento adotado no Brasil, e em especial no Estado do CearÃ, ainda està longe de ser a efetiva soluÃÃo dos problemas acumulados ao longo de sÃculos de colonizaÃÃo sÃcio-econÃmico-polÃtico-cultural. Ao contrÃrio, à ele a origem principal da pÃssima distribuiÃÃo de renda vigente em nosso paÃs, regiÃes e estados. Assim, faz-se necessÃrio uma nova reflexÃo sobre o real significado do desenvolvimento, partindo inicialmente do entendimento das potencialidades e necessidades locais de uma determinada regiÃo. Este à o conceito de desenvolvimento local integrado e sustentÃvel. Onde para a sua aplicaÃÃo à preciso mudar o foco do olhar econÃmico vigente, da visÃo tradicional capitalista, cujo cerne à o mero crescimento econÃmico, para uma nova visÃo humanitÃria, da atividade econÃmica: a economia solidÃria, onde o foco à o desenvolvimento humano. Conceito ainda em construÃÃo a economia solidÃria reflete, atravÃs dos seus princÃpios, a necessidade de uniÃo de esforÃos numa perspectiva oposta à concorrÃncia entre seres humanos. Utopia? Alguns assim a julgarÃo. Outros nela acreditarÃo e nela se engajarÃo, crendo ser possÃvel a construÃÃo de uma nova sociedade - mais justa e fraterna, superando o atual contexto sÃcioeconÃmico-polÃtico-cultural do Brasil. Uma das formas de operacionalizar o desenvolvimento local endÃgeno à organizar a atividade econÃmica de pequenos produtores rurais atravÃs de sistemas produtivos locais de modo a tornÃ-los sujeitos de suas prÃprias HistÃrias. Partindo deste princÃpio o presente trabalho contÃm um estudo de caso no municÃpio de Quixadà na regiÃo do sertÃo central do CearÃ. Teve-se como intuito elaborar uma estratÃgia de desenvolvimento com base em polÃticas que contribuam para o desenvolvimento de regiÃes precÃrias e subdesenvolvidas, utilizando-se como estratÃgia o desenvolvimento os sistemas produtivos locais solidÃrios, formados pelos atores locais a partir das suas potencialidades e dos recursos locais.
The development model adopted in Brazil, and especially in the State of CearÃ, is still far from being the effective solution to the problems accumulated along centuries of social, economical, political and cultural colonization. Instead, it is the main cause of the bad income distribution occurring in our country. Therefore, it is necessary to make a new reflection on the real meaning of development, by starting with the understanding of the local potentialities and needs of a certain region. This is the concept of integrated and sustainable local development. To apply that concept, it is necessary to change the focus of the current economical approach from the capitalist traditional vision, whose essence is only the economic growth, to a new humanitarian vision concerning the economic activity. That is the solidarity economy, in which the focus is the human development. Being a concept still under construction, the solidarity economy reflects, through its principles, the need for combining efforts in a view opposite to the competition among human beings. Is it a utopia? Some will judge it like that. Others will believe and engage in it, believing that it is possible to construct a new society, a fairer and fraternal one, overcoming the current socio, economical, political and cultural context of Brazil. One the ways to operationalize the endogenous local development is to organize the economic activity of small rural producers through local production systems so as to make them subject of their own histories. Based on that principle, the present work consists of a case study in the municipal district of QuixadÃ, in the central countryside of Cearà State. The objective was to formulate a development strategy based on policies that contribute to the development of precarious and underdeveloped areas, using as strategy the development of local solidarity production systems formed of local actors based on their potentialities and the local resources.
Campanale, Letizia. "Integrated study and modelling of the factors affecting small-scale subsistence farming in eSwatini (southern Africa) through the use of causal diagrams and agent-based models." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2021. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/23940/.
Повний текст джерелаChimatira, Raymond. "Challenges, barriers and opportunities in integrating TB/HIV services in Tsandi District Hospital, Namibia." Thesis, University of Western Cape, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/3308.
Повний текст джерелаBACKGROUND: Namibia has generalised Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and tuberculosis (TB) epidemics. In response to the TB/HIV co-epidemics in Namibia, the Ministry of Health and Social Services approved a policy of TB/HIV collaborative activities at national level and the integration of TB/HIV services at the point of service delivery. The present study explored barriers and facilitators of integration of TB and HIV service delivery in Tsandi District Hospital, which lies in rural northern Namibia. It focused on understanding the perspectives of healthcare workers and service users on integration of TB and HIV services at the health facility. AIMS & OBJECTIVES: The study aimed to describe the barriers, facilitators, and opportunities of integrated TB/HIV service delivery in Tsandi District Hospital. The specific objectives were: to describe the staffing and support systems in place for the integration of TB/HIV care; to describe the perceptions and experiences of integrated TB/HIV care by the health care workers, management and co-infected clients; and to describe the factors that facilitate or hinder the integration of TB/HIV services in the district from the point of view of district hospital managers, health care workers and co-infected clients. METHODS: The study used a descriptive qualitative study design with semistructured key-informant interviews conducted with five healthcare managers and senior clinicians and focus group discussions with 14 healthcare workers and five TB/HIV co-infected patients, supplemented by non-participant observation in Tsandi district hospital over two weeks between May – June 2011. Sessions were audiorecorded, transcribed, and thematically analysed. RESULTS: Several factors influenced whether and to what degree Tsandi district hospital was able to achieve integration of TB and HIV services. These are: (1) model of care and nature of referral links; (2) the availability and use of human resources and workspace; (3) the system of rotating staff among departments in the hospital; (4) the supply and mode of providing medicines to patients; (5) information systems, recording and reporting arrangements; (6) and the amount of follow-up and supervision of the integrated services. The main suggested barrier factors are: (1) poor communication and weak referrals links between services; (2) inadequate infrastructure to encourage and deliver TB and HIV care; (3) staff shortages and high workload; (4) lack of training and skills among healthcare workers; (5) financial constraints and other socioeconomic challenges; and (6) fragmented recording and reporting systems with limited data use to improve service delivery. The four main facilitating factors are: (1) positive staff attitudes towards TB/HIV integration; (2) common pool of staff managing different programmes; (3) joint planning and review of TB and HIV activities at the ARV Committee; and (4) informal task sharing to alleviate healthcare worker shortages. CONCLUSIONS: This study recommends that the district build on the current facilitators of integration, while the inhibitors should be worked on in order to improve the delivery of TB/HIV services in the district. Simple and practical recommendations have been made to address the some of the barriers at district level. It is hoped that these will inform future planning and review of the current model of care by the District nagement Team.
Ngxetwane, Vuyolwethu. "Integrated crop-livestock farming system for sustainable economic empowerment of small-scale and emerging farmers in the former homeland of the Eastern Cape province of South Africa: a case study of Ciskei area in Nkonkobe municipality." Thesis, University of Fort Hare, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10353/459.
Повний текст джерелаAla-Mutka, Jonatan. "Powering Africa by Empowering its People : An Action Research study at a Zambian microgrid company building local capacity to reach large scale viability." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för industriell teknik och management (ITM), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-261596.
Повний текст джерелаTrots en positiv utveckling i tillgång till el globalt, ökandes från 76% år 1990, till 85% år 2012, så är Förenta Nationernas mål om universell tillgång till el till år 2030, långt ifrån att bli uppfyllt. 1.1 miljarder människor estimeras vara utan tillgång till el globalt, där över hälften av dessa bor i Sub-Saharanska Afrika, med majoriteten levandes på landsbygden och i extrem fattigdom. Stora utmaningar finns med innevarande elektrifierings strategin, som handlar om centraliserad elproduktion och distribution genom ett centralt elnät, detta kommer att lämna dessa människor utan el under lång tid framöver. Mikronät, ett decentraliserat energisystem, som kan producera och distribuera el, har lyfts fram som det bästa alternativet för att försörja livsförbättrande och produktivitetsökande elektricitet för samhällen på landsbygden i Afrika. Dock, trots nylig hype och utveckling i mikronät sektorn, så är spridningen av mikronät fortfarande inkrementell, beroende av en brist på genomförbarheten av att driva mikronät verksamheten i stor skala, vilket krävs för lönsamhet. Detta förklaras av den fundamentala utmaningen i att inrikta sig mot kunder i avlägsna områden, med en låg förmåga att betala, kombinerat med leveransen av dyr teknologi, och de komplex operativa strukturerna som krävs. Det finns ingen forskning eller blåkopia i industrin som visar hur man skulle kunna bedriva mikronäts verksamhets i stor skala, eller på ett lönsamt vis. Denna forskning undersöker en möjlig sådan blåkopia, med löftet att öka lönsamheten och möjliggöra en mer hållbar spridning. Utveckling av lokal kapacitet, är ett decentraliserat tillvägagångssätt för att utveckla kapacitet direkt i dessa avlägsna samhällen, genom rekrytering, färdighetsutveckling och utbildning av människor för att bli anställda för att sköta deras lokala mikronät. Resultaten i studien består av ett ramverk som visar vad utveckling av lokal kapacitet innebär, genom forskningsförslag som definierar vilka nyckelkomponenter som krävs för att skala upp en mikronäts verksamhet, tillsammans med utmaningar och möjligheter för att göra detta. Ramverket har utvecklats iterativt genom applicering av Action Research, utförd i ett småskaligt mikronät företag i Zambia som står inför en radikal expansion. Forskaren var fördjupad i företagskontexten, i hjärtat av förändringen, och på ett ingripande och deltagande sätt vänt på varenda sten för att utforska vad utveckling av lokal kapacitet är. Detta resulterade i en robust studie, förankrad i verkligheten. På grund av den kontextuellt inbäddade naturen av datan, så betyder detta även att resultaten är lokala. Det är upp till läsaren att bedöma till vilken grad resultaten kan appliceras i en annan kontext. De omfattande resultaten spänner över många olika områden i företaget, och lyckas fånga komplexiteten i vad utveckling av lokal kapacitet är. Blåkopian som utvecklades, bedömdes värdefull att utveckla vidare i företaget där studien gjorde, specifikt för dess potential att minska de operativa kostnaderna och erbjuda ett mer hållbart sätt att skala verksamheten, och i förlängningen, erbjuda ett mer hållbart sätt att sprida tillgång till el i Afrika.
Yadav, Dinesh Kumar. "Automatic control of integrated rural electrification system with renewable sources of power generation and limited grid power." Thesis, 2017. http://localhost:8080/xmlui/handle/12345678/7313.
Повний текст джерелаTACCONELLI, CARLO. "An integrated approach to decentralized energy systems planning for developing countries." Doctoral thesis, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11573/1446865.
Повний текст джерелаNtobeng, Ntwampe Albert. "Rural energy systems and the rural development process: a case study from Limpopo Province." Thesis, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/777.
Повний текст джерелаGEOGRAPHY
MA (GEOGRAPHY)
Lameck, Niyomugabo. "Design and Optimisation of PV-Biogas Hybrid system for rural electrification in Rwanda." Thesis, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-36844.
Повний текст джерелаUnger, Kurtis. "Organically Grown Microgrids: the Development and Simulation of a Solar Home System-based Microgrid." Thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10012/6727.
Повний текст джерелаLiu, Ting-yu, and 劉庭妤. "Exploring the Health Service Quality in Rural Areas after the Implementation of Integrated Delivery System." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/4h9w48.
Повний текст джерела嘉南藥理科技大學
醫療資訊管理研究所
99
【Background and Motives】 The Bureau of National Health Insurance (NHI) has implemented ”The National Health Insurance Project of Integrated Delivery Systems in Mountainous and Islet Districts” (IDS program) in order to improve the accessibility and wholeness of medical care in rural areas. Because of the less researches of health services quality in the past, this study tried to explore the importance and satisfaction of health services quality which are perceived by people in rural areas after the implementation of IDS program. 【Objective】 The importance of health services quality not only to influenced patients’ satisfaction, but also to affected patients’ loyalty. The objectives of the study are as follows: 1. To understand the patients’ perceived importance and satisfaction of health services quality in rural areas. 2. To explore the factors that influences the perceived importance and satisfaction of health services quality in rural areas. 【Methods】 The study adopted the SERVQUAL questionnaire with five-point Likert’s scale and convenience sampling to collect data. Objects were residents who lived in Maulin, Namashia and Taoyaun and looked for medical services in health centre in the past one year. 286 valid questionnaires were collected with a response rate 84.62%. After data collecting, the study adopted SPSS 17.0 to run the descriptive analysis, bivariate analysis and regression analysis. 【Results】 On the aspect of the importance of health services quality, the most important one of five dimensions is “Responsiveness” (Mean=4.15, SD=0.689), and the lowest important one is “Empathy” (Mean=4.039, SD=0.703). As for the satisfaction of health services quality, the most satisfied one of five dimension is “Assurance” (Mean=3.842, SD=0.723), and the least satisfied one is “Tangibles” (Mean=3.72, SD=0.703). The results show us that “place of residence” and “transportation time” could significantly influence patients’ perceived importance and satisfaction. The residents who lived in Namashia perceived significantly lower importance and satisfaction of health services quality than residents who lived in Maulin and Taoyaun. The residents who spent less then thirty minutes to clinic perceived higher importance and satisfaction of health services quality than those who spent more then two hours. 【Conclusions and Suggestion】 The results show that there are all negative gaps of five dimensions of health services quality. The biggest gap of five dimensions of health services quality is “Responsiveness”, the administrators of hospitals and health centres should improve the professional skill and manner of all medical staffs first in order to minimize the gap. The study also suggests that the managers should improve the whole health services quality in order to raise the perceived importance and satisfaction by residents who live in Namashia. In addition, the residents who spent more then two hours to clinic percived lower importance and satisfaction of health services quality. Health services providers should provide more mobile health services to improve the accessibility and usability of health services.
Kirkby, S. D. (Stephen Denis). "Managing dryland salinisation with an integrated expert system/geographic information system / S.D. Kirkby." 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/21517.
Повний текст джерелаxiv, 218 leaves : ill. (some col.), maps (some col.) ; 30 cm.
Title page, contents and abstract only. The complete thesis in print form is available from the University Library.
Salt Manager represents the software system developed by this thesis to implement an interactive land classification methodology. An Expert System (ES), a Geographic Information System (GIS), remotely sensed information and a relational database management system (RDBMS) have been utilised to construct the methodology.
Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Adelaide, Dept. of Geography, 1995
Kirkby, S. D. (Stephen Denis). "Managing dryland salinisation with an integrated expert system/geographic information system / S.D. Kirkby." Thesis, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/21517.
Повний текст джерелаxiv, 218 leaves : ill. (some col.), maps (some col.) ; 30 cm.
Salt Manager represents the software system developed by this thesis to implement an interactive land classification methodology. An Expert System (ES), a Geographic Information System (GIS), remotely sensed information and a relational database management system (RDBMS) have been utilised to construct the methodology.
Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Adelaide, Dept. of Geography, 1995
Gambino, Valeria. "Business model analysis and methodologies to optimize the system design of renewable energy mini-grids in developing countries." Doctoral thesis, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/2158/1245799.
Повний текст джерелаSekgale, Ngatane Zachariah. "Investigating teachers' perceptions of integrated quality management system effectiveness on teaching and learning in a rural secondary school." Diss., 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/20690.
Повний текст джерелаEducational Leadership and Management
M. Ed. (Educational Leadership and Management)
Wirastuti, N. M. A. E. Dewi, R. Luckin, Ray E. Sheriff, K. Walker, J. Underwood, and L. Dunckley. "Development of a Knowledge Management System Integrated with Local Communication Channels and Knowledge Management Initiatives for Kenyan Rural Farming Communities." 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/4489.
Повний текст джерелаThis paper presents an innovative application of wireless, mobile and ubiquitous technologies to support informal and collaborative learning in Kenyan rural farming communities. Such an approach is achieved by the development of a knowledge management system (KMS) integrated with existing local community communication channels, together with experimental knowledge management (KM) initiatives employing the VeSeL (Village e-Science for Life) distributed resource kits (DRKs). The initiatives support illiterate and semi-literate farming community groups, in learning new agriculture practices, and also enable the use of advanced digital technology to improve their agricultural practices and literacy levels. Results of a recent field trip to Kenya are presented and an application sketch is developed. The process of applying wireless and Internet technologies for the education of local farming communities, using irrigation and water management as the application, concludes the paper.
EPSRC
Yang, Kuei-Lan, and 楊貴蘭. "The influence on the medical utilization and the improvement of accessibility of the implementation of Integrated Delivery System in rural-mountain areas --A case study of Mwudan Siang, a mountain aboriginal village in southern Taiwan." Thesis, 2004. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/26543892013653185167.
Повний текст джерела國立臺灣大學
醫療機構管理研究所
92
In order to improve accessibility of medical and health services at remote mountain areas, the Bureau of National Health Insurance (NHI) has implemented Integrated Delivery Systems (IDS) in all the mountain village since 1999. The purposes of the research were to evaluate the effectiveness of the IDS implemented in Mwudan Siang, during the period of July, 2001 to June, 2003. We wanted to see the first, whether the policy has influences on the residents’ medical-seeking behaviors and what are the major parts of it;and the 2nd ,what and which characters of these residents might influence on their medical-seeking decision ,preference in or outside the village. This study used the insurance database provided by the Bureau of NHI. A total of 5,015 residents of Mwudan Siang were included in the study. The study results show: 1). The rate of out-patient utilization inside the village increased significantly from 20.3% to 28.4% after the IDS was implemented (p<0.0001); 2). The average medical cost of outpatient inside the village decreased significantly from NT$ 648.1 to NT$611.0 after IDS (p<0.0001), 3).Rates of visit due to acute upper respiratory, arthritis, skin disease, low back pain, eyes disease, gastroenteritis, gout, and Diabetes mellitus were all significantly increased inside the village after IDS (p<0.001); 4).Admission rate increased significantly (p<0.0001) but avoidable hospitalization conditions decreased significantly after IDS (p<0.001 ); 5). Utilization rate of adult preventive health service and cervical cancer screening increased significantly inside the village after IDS (p<0.001); 6).The factors affecting out-patient utilization were analyzed with multiple logistic regression. The results revealed the following significant factors : predisposing factors (female, age>65, married), enabling factors (living in Si-menh village, the category III insurance), and need factors (chronic disease patients); 7.) The factors affecting inside the village out-patient utilization were analyzed with multiple regression model, the results show that some factors favored inside-village out-patient utilization: predisposing factors (female, age>65, elementary school education, the singles), enabling factors: (living in Si-menh and Kau-sih villages, the category III insurance) and need factors: (chronic disease patients). In general, the IDS program successfully increased the accessibility of medical care of the villagers. According to the study results, we suggest the authority should establish the system to manage chronic disease, and reinforce the service and education in disease prevention to improve the quality of medical care and health status in the aboriginal mountain area.