Дисертації з теми "Integrated platform"

Thesis: Ph. D., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, 2017.
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 113-117).
Infrared spectrum, especially mid-infrared range (2.512tm) covers the absorption peaks of many important chemicals including carbon monoxide, methane and water vapor. By analyzing the absorption spectrum of achemical, one can measure the concentration of the chemicals as well as distinguish the chemical species. The purpose of this work is to build a Si CMOS compatible integrated mid-infrared (MIR) platform for sensing. In this work, we evaluated the three major components (materials and devices) comprising an integrated mid-infrared (MIR) sensing platform: the light source, the waveguide sensor and the detector. To build an integrated MIR light source, we evaluated three approaches. 1) Germanium light source, which is the representative of the CMOS compatible semiconductor light source. By applying tensile strain as well as increasing doping and injection level, Ge is tuned to pseudo-direct or direct bandgap structure and the emission wavelength extends to MIR range. 2) Er-doped GaLaS (GLS) platform which is the representative of the rare earth doped material system. A new laser structure is designed for this system with a threshold power of 7.6 ptW and a slope efficiency of 10.26%. 3) Frequency comb generation which is a new area using nonlinearity to generate new frequencies. Thick Si3N4 material for comb structures are designed, fabricated and tested. In the waveguide sensor section, a waveguide structure based on chalcogenide glass (ChG) is built and tested. The sensing limit for methane reaches 2.5 vol. %. Besides, a ChG based small-footprint plasmonic optical switch is designed to work as an optical router for integrated spectrometer applications with a small (167 nm long) footprint. In the last part, a MIR PbTe based integrated detector has been successfully demonstrated for the first time. A further improvement in the material property and device structure yields a responsivity is about 1.4 A/W in the MIR regime.
by Zhaohong Han.
Ph. D.

Photonic crystals have been shown to be a promising technology for improving the performance of light emitting diodes, solar cells and optical communication components. More recently there has been interest in the application of photonic crystals for bio‐chemical sensing since they provide the potential benefits of high sensitivity, label free, real time detection with low limit of detection. Optical sensing mechanisms such as Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR), and Evanescent Field (EF) sensing methods are currently popular. These are all sensitive to small changes in refractive index (RI) of part of the device. To date SPR methods provide the highest level of sensitivity but have the disadvantage of requiring an expensive gold coating. AROMA Sensor: As a high sensitivity, low cost alternative to conventional SPR methods, this thesis investigates a new concept for bio‐chemical sensing recently developed at Southampton, which uses vertical projection of leaky transmitted modes of a photonic crystal as the sensing method. We call this Angle Resolved Out‐coupled Mode Analysis (AROMA). This method is highly sensitive to small changes in refractive index at the sidewalls of the holes of a photonic crystal resulting in a strong angular shift of an out coupled beam of light. Changes in RI causes a shift in the projected spot position that can be recorded by a CCD/ CMOS camera. Sensor performance is shown to far exceed normal SPR. Simulation and experimental results demonstrate a sensitivity of 10 degree/RIU from a non‐optimised sensor and simulation results indicate an improved sensitivity of 6500 degree/RIU by optimising the sensor operating point. Responsivity of the sensor was investigated by sequentially depositing a series of sub nm ZnO layers, and was found to be highly linear. Photonic crystal coupler and system integration: Apart from the sensor, a new concept for light coupling is developed and optimised. We extend photonic crystal technology to create a combined light coupler/splitter component allowing arbitrary N‐channel light coupling to a simple slab waveguide device. The coupler is combined with multiple sensors to make a fully functional multi‐channel (4‐12 channels) sensor operating at 785nm. This is integrated into a high refractive index (n=1.7) Silicon Oxynitride (SiON) slab waveguide deposited onto a transparent borosilicate glass substrate. The aim for the slab waveguide was to mimic the refractive index of available polymer materials so that the entire system could eventually be fabricated on a flexible polymer substrate by nanoimprint lithography. Design and modelling: This thesis describes the design and optimisation of each component (sensor, coupler and slab waveguide), presenting in depth background physics and rigorous design methods for each component. 3D models were developed based on Rigorous Coupled Wave Analysis (RCWA) and Finite‐Difference Time‐Domain (FDTD) methods. RCWA models allowed accurate prediction and optimisation of light coupling and projection angles for any selected operating wavelength. FDTD methods allowed careful analysis of the interaction between the light field in the slab waveguide and materials placed in the holes. It also predicts the far‐field projected beam pattern for the sensor. Applications: Capability to detect (dry) monolayer coatings was proven for a simple self‐assembled monolayer molecule coating (p‐tolyltrichlorosilane (TTCS)) and also deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) was successfully detected, close to physiological levels. To achieve this a complex hybridisation process was developed. Sensor response as a function of self‐assemble molecule (SAM) length and distance from the sidewalls was investigated in detail by using reversible chains of long chain charged molecules (lysine, poly‐lysine, bovine serum albumin protein). A detector surface with a layer of poly‐lysine‐g‐PEG was successfully replaced by a poly‐lysine molecule with larger molecule weight. Sequentially additional bovine serum albumin protein binding with the Polylysine was detected. Capability to detect biomolecules in an aqueous environment is intrinsically difficult for most bio‐sensors. By fabricating the device on a transparent glass substrate, and designing the device to project light backwards through the substrate, it became possible to detect small changes in refractive index for liquids placed on the exposed top surface with no detriment to the readout method. The bulk sensitivity of the sensor for liquids was evaluated by measuring a sequence of glucose solutions with increasing concentrations. A highly linear response was again observed.

With a rising demand for low cost solutions to healthcare services, analysis, and toxicology, the Integrated Biosensor Platform developed by Acreo Swedish ICT and Linköping University, fills the gap where conventional sensors are not suitable. This report focuses the update of hardware and software in order to increase stability, introduce new sensors, and allow for wireless communication through NFC. Positive result and increased stability is presented, when measuring with a stable reference potential. The potential of NFC is shown in a breadboard setup and problems when printing an antenna is elaborated in terms of coil turns and size. An ethanol sensor is introduced to the platform and discussion manly focuses on characterization of the sensor. A potentiometric setup is also tested with low results and the problems of the current platform as a potentiometric sensor is discussed. From the collective results and a broader look at society is the justification of the platform existence evaluated. The need for the platform, especially as a mean to solve health problems in development countries, is argued to justify the environmental footprint of a disposable platform.
Med en ökad efterfrågan på tjänster inom hälsovård, analys, och toxikologi är målet för Integrated Biosensor Platform från Acreo Swedish ICT och Linköpings Universitet, att fylla gapet där konventionella sensorer inte är brukliga. Den här rapporten fokuserar på uppdateringen av hård och mjukvara för att öka stabiliteten, introduktionen av nya sensorer samt möjligheten till trådlös kommunikation genom NFC. Positiva resultat och ökad stabilitet presenteras med introduktionen av en stabil referens spänning. NFC och dess möjligheter testas i utvecklingsmiljö och problem diskuteras i samband med tryckta antenner utifrån storlek och design. En ethanolsensor inkluderas till plattformen och resultatet utvärderas främst från användningsområden och karaktärisering av sensorn. En potentiometrisk konfiguration av plattformen testas med lågt resultat och problemen med den nuvarande plattformen som potentiometrisk sensor presenteras. En samlad utvärdering av plattformens existensberättigande görs från både resultat som rapporten presenterat och en omvärldsanalys. Behovet av plattformen är, framför allt som en lösning till hälsovård i utvecklingsländer, ansett att rättfärdiga dess negativa miljöpåverkan som en "engångssensor".

Mestrado em Engenharia de Computadores e Telem atica
In this dissertation it is proposed a solution which, starting from data gathered by specialized equipment installed in a IDAD's vehicle, frequently left taking measurements in places of inconvenient access and which does not provide a simple way to access the data, allows the disclosure of them to the IDAD's team and all the interested clients. The solution developed involves the whole process of taking the data to the user, since its collection, passing by its dispatch to an online server through a messaging service where they are stored for easy access at any time needed, data processing and the creation of RESTful services for their provision to external services. Moreover it was developed a web interface that allows the user to easily check the state of the air quality at any moment, controlling user access and managing the data available for each one. Lastly, it was also developed an Android mobile application which represents the easiest and fastest way of checking the state of the air at the current time and also opens the possibility of using the noti cation system to alert the user of hazard situations and speci c events without the need of manually accessing one of the platforms to detect that situation.
Nesta dissertação e proposta uma solução que, partindo de dados recolhidos por equipamento instalado numa carrinha do IDAD, Instituto do Ambiente e Desenvolvimento, que e frequentemente deixada a realizar medições em locais de acesso inconveniente e que não fornece uma forma simples de acesso aos mesmos, permite disponibiliza-los para os membros do IDAD e para os clientes interessados. A solução desenvolvida envolve todo o processo de fazer os dados chegarem ao utilizador, desde a sua recolha na carrinha, passando pelo seu envio para um servidor online através de um servi co de queueing de mensagens onde são alojados de forma a permitir o seu acesso em qualquer momento, tratamento dos dados obtidos e a criação de servi cos REST para a sua disponibilização para servi cos externos. Além disso, foi criada uma interface web que permite aos utilizadores facilmente verificarem o estado da qualidade do ar em qualquer momento, controlar o acesso dos utilizadores e gerir a informação disponível para cada um. Por fim, foi também desenvolvida uma aplicação móvel Android que constitui o método mais simples e rápido de verificar o estado da qualidade do ar no momento atual e o qual abre a possibilidade de utilizar o sistema de notificações do Android para alertar o utilizador de situações de alarme e eventos específicos sem este ter que aceder manualmente a uma das plataformas para detetar essa situação.

Melanoblasts are the embryonic precursors of melanocytes, the pigment producing cells of the skin and hair. Melanoblasts are of key interest to developmental biologists for numerous reasons, including their ability to migrate throughout the body from a single origin in the neural crest (NC). Current methods for the study of the melanocyte lineage are limited by the heavy reliance on animal models. To challenge this, a platform of in vitro tools were designed to replace and complement current studies. A major obstacle is the transition from 2D cultures, which provide only limited behavioural information, to 3D models which are able to recapitulate the environmental conditions. 3D cultures are regularly created using tissue samples and synthetic matrices for attachment, but building a model from cell lines only has not been achieved. A co-culture model using immortalised keratinocyte (COCA) and melanoblast cell lines proved unsuitable for observing developmental processes, due to lack of movement at high cell densities, but may be practical in pigmentation research. Other methods were explored to examine melanoblast behaviour, including the use of cell derived matrices (CDMs) integrated with melanoblast cell lines, and aggregates formed by hanging drop (HD) culture. CDMs were successfully generated from the COCA line, as well as NIH3T3 fibroblasts which has been shown previously. These structures are denuded of cells to leave the deposited extracellular matrix (ECM) components intact, representative of the dermal (fibroblast) and epidermal (keratinocyte) layers of the skin. HDs were prepared from cultured melanoblast cell lines, and form tight aggregates which disseminate when plated, in a manner similar to the dissemination of cells from the NC in explant cultures. The receptor tyrosine kinase KIT and its ligand (KITL), are vital for melanoblast development. Previous study of this signalling complex has often focussed on the haematopoietic lineage and spermatogenesis, where they perform essential roles. KITL is expressed in a membrane localised form found on the surface of keratinocytes thought to promote melanoblast/melanocyte survival, and a soluble isoform found sequestered in the ECM which promotes cell migration. Cell lines expressing fluorescently tagged KIT and KITL were created to visualise their interactions using live-cell confocal imaging. Firstly, cell lines were generated to perform co-culture experiments with KIT and KITL, and we showed that these constructs are able to interact by uptake of KITL into KIT cells. Secondly, tandem fluorescent protein timers of KIT and KITL were generated which were used to observe protein kinetics. We showed that these protein timers can be manipulated using cycloheximide to block protein production, or by increasing ligand availability. These protein timers reveal that soluble KITL (sKITL) has a faster turnover than membrane bound KITL (mKITL), and that in all three proteins, there is distinct change in spatial localisation as the proteins age. Using a novel melanoblast reporter mouse, Pmel-CMN, primary mouse melanoblasts between E12.5 and E14.5 were isolated for RNA sequencing. This time period is the earliest reported for melanoblast isolation for use in gene expression analysis. We show that within this time course, there are significant changes in the RNA expression profiles, including decreasing expression of other NC cell markers, and huge increasing expression of pigmentation genes. To assess the biological relevance of using in vitro assays, cells of the immortalised melanoblast cell line, melb-a, were cultured under different conditions and examined via RNA sequencing. Results reveal differences in several areas between primary cells and those in culture, including loss of melanocyte specificity. The different tools described in this thesis provide a platform on which to study various aspects of cell behaviour, including migration, morphology and cell adhesion at both the individual cell and population levels.

This PhD Thesis contributes to the domain of Educational Technologies, and more specifically to the Learning Design (LD) research field, which focuses on supporting teachers in the creation of effective computer-supported learning activities considering the needs of their educational contexts. Research in LD has provided a myriad of tools and methods. Yet, existing tools lack collaboration support for communities of teachers engaged in learning (co-)design. Moreover, scope of tools is varied in terms of representations used, pedagogical approaches supported, and design phases targeted (from conceptualization to authoring and implementation). This diversity of tools contrasts with lack of articulation of their synergies to offer meaningful, manageable and integrated LD ecosystems for teachers and communities of teachers. This Thesis is framed in this problem area. Its guiding research question is: How can community platform management mechanisms support teachers in integrated learning design ecosystems? This question is addressed by more specific investigation towards addressing four specific research objectives. The first objective is explorative, focused on understanding needs for management mechanisms in LD community platforms. The resulting contribution includes participation in building and evaluating LD community platforms (LdShake, Learning design Sharing and co-edition, and ILDE, Integrated Learning Design Environment) in the context of Spanish and European projects, and the identification of needs tackled in the following three research objectives. The second objective deals with enabling flexible management of learning (co-)design processes that involve use of several LD tools. The associated contribution is a model and implementation for LD Workflows, which shape orchestrated uses of selected LD tools that can be applied to LD Projects. The third objective focuses on supporting management of multiple learning design versions in scenarios of reuse and co-design. The contribution is a model and visualization strategy based on a family tree metaphor. The fourth objective concerns the need for interoperability between co-(design) tools and platforms, and in particular focuses on design patterns as structured LD representations of special interest because they collect repeatable good teaching practices. The contribution is a pattern ontology for computationally representing a pattern language (working case of design patterns in Computer-Supported Collaborative Learning) and a derived model together with an architecture for interoperable management of patterns across LD tooling. Contributions have been implemented in LdShake and ILDE community platforms, showing feasibility, enabling proofof-concept in significant scenarios and user studies involving teachers.
Las contribuciones de esta Tesis Doctoral se enmarcan en el ámbito de las Tecnologías Educativas, y más concretamente en el campo de investigación del Diseño de Aprendizaje (LD acrónimo en inglés). Este campo se centra en dar apoyo a los profesores en la creación de actividades educativas apoyadas por ordenador teniendo en consideración sus contextos educativos. La investigación en el campo de LD ha proporcionado gran cantidad de herramientas y métodos. Sin embargo, estas herramientas todavía carecen de mecanismos que posibiliten la colaboración en comunidades de profesores involucradas en el (co-)diseño de aprendizaje. Además, el alcance de las herramientas es muy variado en cuanto a las representaciones utilizadas, los enfoques pedagógicos utilizados, y fases de diseño a las que van dirigidas (desde la conceptualización, hasta la autoría y hasta la implementación). Esta diversidad de herramientas contrasta con la falta de articulación de sus sinergias para ofrecer ecosistemas LD significativos, manejables e integrados para profesores y comunidades de profesores. Esta problemática motiva la investigación realizada en esta Tesis. La pregunta de investigación que la guía es: ¿Cómo pueden apoyar los mecanismos de gestión de plataformas comunitarias dar soporte en ecosistemas de diseño de aprendizaje integrado? Esta cuestión se aborda en la investigación más concreta de cuatro objetivos específicos. El primer objetivo es exploratorio, se centra en la comprensión de las necesidades de mecanismos de gestión en plataformas para comunidades en LD. La contribución resultante incluye la participación en la implementación y evaluación de las plataformas para comunidades en LD (LdShake, acrónimo en inglés de Learning design Sharing and co-edition, e ILDE, acrónimo en inglés de Integrated Learning Design Environment) en el contexto de proyectos españoles y europeos, así como la identificación de las necesidades abordadas en los tres siguientes objetivos de la investigación. El segundo objetivo busca permitir una gestión flexible de los procesos de (co-)diseño de aprendizaje que implique el uso de varias herramientas de LD. La contribución asociada es un modelo e implementación de los flujos de trabajo de LD (LD Workflows en inglés). Los LD Workflows se definen para permitir la representación de las herramientas de LD seleccionadas que se pueden aplicar a proyectos de LD (LD Projects, en inglés). El tercer objetivo se centra en el apoyo a la gestión de múltiples versiones de diseño de aprendizaje en escenarios de reutilización y (co-)diseño. La contribución es un modelo y una visualización basada en una metáfora del árbol familiar (family tree, en inglés). El cuarto objetivo trata la necesidad de interoperabilidad entre herramientas de (co-)diseño y plataformas de LD, y en particular, se centra en los patrones de diseño como representaciones LD estructuradas de especial interés ya que recogen buenas prácticas docentes repetibles. La contribución es una ontología de patrones que representa computacionalmente un lenguaje de patrones (centrándose en los patrones de CSCL, del inglés:Computer-Supported Collaborative Learning) y un modelo derivado junto con una arquitectura para la gestión interoperable de patrones a través de herramientas de LD. Las contribuciones se han implementado en las plataformas de comunidades de LD LdShake e ILDE mostrando su viabilidad, ofreciendo la prueba de conceptos en escenarios significativos y estudios con profesores en entornos reales.

This paper addresses the question of how to make use of Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) systems in companies in the process industry were there is a pervasive need of process standardization. ERP systems have the potential to contribute with standardization and integration of organizational data through an of-the-shelf solution. In practice results of ERP systems implementation has varied greatly. Considering their implications on business processes and the complexity of the systems this should not come as a surprise. ERP systems do not only imply standardization of data but also standardization of key processes in the company. The consequences on the individual organization are therefore hard to predict. Making strategic choices between different degrees of in-house developed systems, integration of solutions from many different suppliers or to only rely on the ERP systems consultants and their proposed implementation of solutions, can be a troublesome balance act. This paper describes a case study of the Swedish diary company Norrmejerier and the implementation of the ERP system IFS analyzed from a perspective of complex system and standardization. The use of IFS at Norrmejerier can be characterized as a loosely coupled integration with the ERP system as a central integration facilitator. This solution allowed the company to make use of standardization benefits, filling the need of special functionality and at the same time limiting the negative unexpected consequences such as decreased activity support and increased complexity. The key contributions of this paper are that it shows how ERP´s can contribute to standardization and integration efforts in IT environments with peculiar demands on functionality. Secondly it demonstrates how negative side effects related to implementation of ERP systems can be managed and limited.

We investigate the properties of integrated dielectric filters for the purposes of on-chip routing of photons. We started with the use of high quality factor tunable photonic crystal nanobeam cavities and moving on to examine a new class of reflection based reverse designed filters that maintain the footprint of a waveguide while allowing for arbitrary amplitude and phase response.
Engineering and Applied Sciences

[eng] Functional diversification in the More than Moore era has attracted an increasing attention on MEMS resonators as sensing devices for system-on-chip applications thanks to its miniaturization capabilities, simple readout schemes, and integration with current ICs fabrication technologies. These advantages make them the perfect candidates to develop biosensing applications in the chemical and biological domains provided its portability, high-throughput, reduced footprint, and minimal processing time. This thesis focuses on analyzing, designing, and developing MEMS resonators oriented and optimized for VOCs detection and calorimetric sensing that are monolithically integrated with a commercial 0-35-μm CMOS technology with on-chip readout via a CMOS-MEMS fabrication approach. An electrostatic actuation scheme and a capacitive readout allow the MEMS structures to operate as a self-sustained oscillator when coupled to a specific amplifier providing a quasidigital output signal. The MEMS resonators are defined using the available CMOS layers. The adopted fabrication approach uses an intra-CMOS post-fabrication wet-etching step to release the mechanical moving parts by removing the surrounding sacrificial oxide, while the readout circuit is protected thanks to the passivation layer. Extensive analytical studies and FEM simulations, together with experimental characterization in open-loop and closedloop configuration of the fabricated CMOS-MEMS devices are addressed, offering an invaluable source of information for design optimization. Four-anchored plate resonators operating in the MHz range are designed and evaluated to work as a gas sensor with specific surface functionalization (via dip-cast immersion and inkjet polymer deposition) achieving a mass resolution per unit area as low as 213 pg·cm-2·Hz-1 and an Allan deviation below 0.5 ppm. Tolerance against environment perturbations such as temperature, humidity and fluid flow are discussed in detail for multiple anchor topologies, providing an optimum folded flexure alternative that alleviates such disturbances by 20-times. After P4V polymer coating, the fabricated system demonstrated acetone detection with a resolution down to 20 ppb that directly points towards non-invasive exhaled breath diagnosis for diabetic patients. In the case of calorimetric sensing, CC-Beams resonators in the MHz range have been designed as the temperature sensor providing extremely high temperature sensitivity up to -7900 ppm·ºC-1 that, together with a fair sub-ppm Allan deviation, achieves an outstanding temperature resolution of 300 μK. In this line, a cointegration of the resonator within a microfluidics PDMS-based platform has been developed that enables a Lab-on-Chip CMOS-compatible system capable of routing a fluid of interest to interact with a CMOS electrode. A conformal 2D planarization process is proposed to increase the IC active surface, combined with a standard wire bonding technique for socket connection. The obtained results confirm micro-calorimetric operation with an experimentally measured thermal efficiency from sample to resonator of 20%, conducting to an energy and heat resolutions as low as of 150 pJ and 630 nW, respectively.
[cat] La diversificació de funcionalitats en un mateix sistema integrat intrínsec a l’aproximació “More than Moore” ha evidenciat un interès creixent en els dispositius basats en ressonadors MEMS per aplicacions tipus “System-on-Chip” gràcies a la seva capacitat de miniaturització, a la implementació directa d’esquemes de lectura elèctrics i a la seva possible integració amb les tecnologies actuals de fabricació de circuits integrats. Aquests avantatges els fan candidats idonis pel desenvolupament d’aplicacions de bio-sensat en l’àmbit de la química i de la biologia donada la seva portabilitat, elevat rendiment, dimensions reduïdes i temps mínim de processat. Aquest treball de tesi es focalitza en l’anàlisi, disseny i desenvolupament de ressonadors MEMS orientats i optimitzats per a la detecció de COVs i pel sensat calorimètric, integrats monolíticament amb circuits CMOS de lectura mitjançant l’ús d’una tecnologia comercial CMOS de 0.35-μm i d’una estratègia de fabricació CMOS-MEMS. Els ressonadors MEMS desenvolupats poden operar en mode oscil·lador, gràcies a la implementació d’un esquema elèctric amb actuació electrostàtica i lectura capacitiva, que permet la seva connexió directa a un circuit amplificador específic obtenint-se així un senyal de sortida quasi digital. Els dispositius MEMS s’han mecanitzat emprant les capes disponibles de la tecnologia CMOS mitjançant una aproximació intra-CMOS per la seva fabricació. Aquesta requereix d’una etapa posterior de gravat humit per a l’alliberació de les parts mecàniques mòbils dels ressonadors basada en l’eliminació de l’òxid de sacrifici tot mantenint-se protegit la resta del circuit integrat gràcies a la capa de passivació. En aquest treball es presenten un gran nombre d’estudis analítics i simulacions FEM que, juntament amb la caracterització experimental tant en llaç obert com en llaç tancat dels diferents dispositius CMOS-MEMS fabricats, suposen una important font d’informació per a l’optimització dels dissenys. S’han dissenyat ressonadors tipus plataforma amb quatre ancoratges que operen dins el rang dels MHz i seguidament, s’han avaluat per la seva operació com a sensors de gas gravimètrics mitjançant una funcionalització superficial específica (ja sigui a través d’immersió en dissolució o bé per deposició d’un polímer emprant impressió de tinta) amb els que s’ha obtingut una resolució en massa per unitat de superfície de 213 pg·cm-2·Hz-1 així com una desviació d’Allan inferior als 0.5 ppm. Addicionalment s’ha analitzat la tolerància que presenten varies topologies de suport front a pertorbacions ambientals com la temperatura, la humitat i el flux d’un gas constatant que les estructures tipus “U” minimitzen aquests efectes fins 20 vegades. Mitjançant la deposició del polímer P4V sobre els sistemes fabricats, s’ha demostrat la capacitat de detectar acetona amb una resolució de 20 ppb el que capacita per la seva potencial aplicació en el diagnosi clínic de pacients diabètics de forma no invasiva per mitjà de l’exhalat. En el cas dels sensors calorimètrics, s’han dissenyat ressonadors tipus pont amb dos ancoratges que operen dins el rang dels MHz i funcionen com a sensors de temperatura de molt alta sensibilitat assolint un valors de fins a -7900 ppm·ºC-1 que, juntament amb una desviació Allan de l’oscil·lador inferior a ppm, s’assoleix una excel·lent resolució tèrmica de 300 μK. En aquesta línia d’actuació, s’ha desenvolupat tot un procés de co-integració dels ressonadors juntament amb una plataforma de microfluídica basada en PDMS amb el que s’obté un sistema tipus “Lab-on-Chip” compatible amb circuits integrats i que permet dirigir un fluid d’interès per a la seva interacció sobre un elèctrode CMOS. Es presenta un procés de planarització 2D, que permet incrementar la superfície efectiva del xip, juntament amb la utilització de la tècnica “wire bonding” estàndard per a la connexió elèctrica amb l’encapsulat. Els resultats experimentals confirmen l’operació del sistema com a micro-calorímetre obtenint una eficiència tèrmica de la mostra cap al ressonador del 20%, que esdevé en una resolució d’energia i calor de 150 pJ i 630 nW, respectivament.
[spa] La diversificación de funcionalidades en un mismo sistema integrado intrínseca a la aproximación “More than Moore” ha evidenciado un interés creciente en los dispositivos basados en resonadores MEMS para aplicaciones tipo “System-on-Chip” gracias a su capacidad de miniaturización, a la implementación directa de esquemas de lectura eléctricos y a su posible integración con las tecnologías actuales de fabricación de circuitos integrados. Estas ventajas los hacen candidatos idóneos para el desarrollo de aplicaciones de bio-sensado en el ámbito de la química y de la biología dada su portabilidad, elevado rendimiento, tamaño reducido y tiempo mínimo de procesado. Este trabajo de tesis se focaliza en el análisis, diseño y desarrollo de resonadores MEMS, orientados y optimizados para la detección de COVs y para sensado calorimétrico, integrados monolíticamente con circuitos CMOS de lectura mediante el uso de una tecnología comercial CMOS de 0.35-μm y de una estrategia de fabricación CMOS-MEMS. Los resonadores MEMS desarrollados pueden operar como oscilador, gracias a la implementación de un esquema eléctrico con actuación electrostática y lectura capacitiva, que permite su conexión directa a un circuito amplificador específico obteniéndose así una señal de salida casi digital. Los dispositivos MEMS se han mecanizado utilizando las capas disponibles de la tecnología CMOS mediante una aproximación intra-CMOS para su fabricación. Esta requiere de una etapa posterior de gravado húmedo para la liberación de las partes mecánicas móviles de los resonadores basada en la eliminación del óxido de sacrificio manteniéndose protegido el resto del circuito integrado gracias a una capa de pasivación. En este trabajo se presentan un gran número de estudios analíticos y simulaciones FEM que, junto con la caracterización experimental tanto en lazo abierto como lazo cerrado de los diferentes dispositivos CMOSMEMS fabricados, suponen una importante fuente de información para la optimización de los diseños. Se han diseñado resonadores tipo plataforma con cuatro anclajes que operan en el rango de los MHz y seguidamente, se han evaluado para su operación como sensores de gas gravimétricos mediante una funcionalización superficial específica (ya sea a través de inmersión en disolución o bien por deposición de un polímero usando impresión de tinta) con los que se ha obtenido una resolución en masa por unidad de superficie de 213 pg·cm-2·Hz-1 así como una desviación Allan inferior a los 0.5 ppm. Adicionalmente se ha analizado la tolerancia que presentan varias topologías de anclaje frente a perturbaciones ambientales como la temperatura, la humedad y el flujo de un gas constatándose que las estructuras tipo “U” minimizan estos efectos hasta 20 veces. Mediante la deposición del polímero P4V sobre los sistemas fabricados, se ha demostrado la capacidad de detectar acetona con una resolución de 20 ppb lo que capacita para su potencial aplicación en el diagnóstico clínico de pacientes diabéticos de forma no invasiva a través del exhalado. En el caso de los sensores calorimétricos, se han diseñado resonadores tipo puente de doble anclaje que operan en el rango de los MHz y funcionan como sensores de temperatura de muy alta sensibilidad alcanzando valores de hasta -7900 ppm·ºC-1 que, junto con una desviación Allan del oscilador inferior a ppm, se consigue una excelente resolución térmica de hasta 300 μK. En esta línea de actuación, se ha desarrollado todo un proceso de co-integración de los resonadores junto con una plataforma de microfluídica basada en PDMS con lo que se obtiene un sistema tipo “Lab-on-Chip” compatible con circuitos integrados y que permite dirigir un fluido de interés para su interacción sobre un electrodo CMOS. Se presenta un proceso de planarización 2D, que permite incrementar la superficie efectiva del chip, junto con la utilización de la técnica “wire bonding” estándar para la conexión eléctrica con el encapsulado. Los resultados experimentales confirman la operación del sistema como micro-calorímetro obteniendo una eficiencia térmica de la muestra hacia el resonador del 20%, lo que supone una resolución de energía y calor de 150 pJ y 630 nW, respectivamente.

[ES] Esta tesis se ha centrado en el modelado, diseño y demostración experimental de un sensor espectroscópico integrado basado en un AWG (del inglés Arrayed Waveguide Grating). El dispositivo ha sido diseñado y fabricado en una nueva plataforma de nitruro de silico (Si3N4) en oxido de silico (SiO2) desarrollada en España. El trabajo realizado en esta tesis se puede dividir en dos secciones principalmente. En la primera parte, se describe el panorama general de las plataformas de Si3N4 existentes y su estado del arte, junto con la descripción de los procesos de fabricación y caracterización de nuestra plataforma de Si3N4 con 300 nm de altura en la capa de guiado. En la segunda parte, se presenta el dispositivo bautizado como Integrated Optical Spectroscopic Sensor (IOSS). El IOSS consiste en un AWG cuyo conjunto de guías de onda está dividido en dos subgupos diseñados para replicar los canales del AWG. Las guías de uno de los subgrupos contienen ventanas de sensado, que están definidas por secciones en las que el núcleo de las guías está al descubierto y, por tanto, en contacto con el medio que las rodea. De esta manera, el sensado se lleva a cabo mediante la interacción del campo evanescente con la muestra depositada. Las guías del segundo subconjunto permanecen inalteradas. Por lo tanto, el dispositivo proporciona al mismo tiempo los espectros de sensado y de referencia. El modelo matemático del IOSS, su procedimiento de diseño y la prueba de concepto del sensor configurado para espectroscopía de absorción se describen en esta tesis.
[CAT] La present tesi s'ha centrat en el modelatge, disseny i demostració experimental d'un sensor espectroscòpic integrat basat en un AWG (de l'anglès Arrayed Waveguide Grating). El dispositiu ha sigut dissenyat i fabricat en una nova plataforma de nitrur de silici (Si3N4) en òxid de silici (SiO2) desenvolupada a Espanya. El treball realitzat en aquesta tesi es pot dividir en dues seccions principalment. En la primera part, es descriu el panorama general de les plataformes de Si3N4 existents i el seu estat de l'art, juntament amb la descripció dels processos de fabricació i caracterització de la nostra plataforma de Si3N4 amb 300 nm d'altura en la capa de guiat. En la segona part, es presenta el dispositiu batejat com Integrated Optical Spectroscopic Sensor (IOSS). El IOSS consisteix en un AWG en el que el seu conjunt de guies d'ona està dividit en dos subgrups dissenyats per a replicar els canals del AWG. Les guies d'un dels subgrups conté finestres de detecció, que estan definides per seccions en les quals el nucli de les guies d'ona està al descobert i en contacte amb el mitjà que li envolta. D'aquesta manera, la detecció es duu a terme mitjançant la interacció del camp evanescent amb la mostra depositada. Les guies del segon subconjunt romanen inalterades. Per tant, el dispositiu proporciona al mateix temps els espectres de detecció de referència. El model matemàtic del IOSS, el seu procediment de disseny i la prova de concepte del sensor configurat per a espectroscopia d'absorció es descriuen en aquesta tesi.
[EN] This thesis is focused on the model, design and experimental demonstration of an integrated spectroscopic sensor based on a modified Arrayed Waveguide Grating (AWG). The device has been designed and fabricated in a new silicon nitride (Si3N4) on silicon oxide (SiO2) platform developed in Spain. The work performed for this thesis can be then divided into two main sections. In the first part, an overview of the existing Si3N4 platforms and their state of art is described, alongside the report on the fabrication and characterization of our 300 nm guiding film height Si3N4 platform. On the second part, the device named Integrated Optical Spectroscopic Sensor (IOSS) is presented. The IOSS consists of an AWG which arrayed waveguides are divided into two sub-sets engineered to replicate the AWG channels. The waveguides of one of the sub-sets contain sensing windows, defined as waveguides sections which core is in contact with the surrounding media. Thus, the sensing is performed through evanescent field interaction with the sample deposited. The waveguides from the second sub-set remain isolated. Therefore, the device provides both sensing and reference spectra. The IOSS mathematical model, design procedure and proof of concept configured for absorption spectroscopy are reported in this thesis.
Micó Cabanes, G. (2020). Integrated Spectroscopic Sensor fabricated in a novel Si3N4 platform [Tesis doctoral]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/159381
TESIS

Thesis (M. Eng.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 2011.
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 69-70).
This thesis presents the design of a vision framework integrated into a robotics research and development platform. The vision system was implemented as part of the software platform developed by the Personal Robots Group at the MIT Media Lab. Featuring representations for images and camera sensors, this system provides a structure that is used to build robot vision applications. One application shows how to merge the representations of two different cameras in order to create a camera entity that provides images with fused depth-color data. The system also allows the integration of computer vision algorithms that can be used to extract perceptual information from the robot's surroundings. Two more applications show detection and tracking of human face and body pose using depth-color images.
by Julián Hernández Muñoz.
M.Eng.

Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, 2007.
Includes bibliographical references.
This thesis describes the design and development of a microfluidic platform to reduce costs and improve the quality of in the DNA sequencing methodology currently implemented at the Broad Institute in Cambridge, Massachusetts. The Sequencing Center at the Broad Institute currently generates an average of 130 million bases per day with an average read length of 800. This is enabled by the successful preparation and detection of over 97,000 unique samples. Most of the cost per sample is tied up in expensive proprietary reagents utilized in the various reactions comprising the preparation process. Through the application of microfluidics, the possibility of drastically scaling down the amount of proprietary reagents is explored. Stamp-sized elastomeric polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) microfluidic devices were developed and microfluidic sample manipulation techniques were standardized. Using these devices and techniques, an attempt was made to adapt the various components of the sequencing process to the microfluidic platform. Work within the scope of this thesis is focused on the adaptation of the commercial sequencing protocols, which are labor intensive, consume costly reagents and serve as limitations for high-throughput parallelization of the process.
(cont.) The first is the amplification reaction. By scaling down the process from a plate-based format to an integrated microfluidic device, amplification reagent consumption was reduced by two orders of magnitude while maintaining the quality and length of the sequencing reads (with the subsequent sequencing reaction run off chip). As a follow up project, an attempt was made to scale down the Sequencing Reaction, which, in spite of limitations, suggested a good path toward the eventual development of an integrated microfluidic device for the preparation of running the complete sequencing reaction protocol on-chip.
by Mayank Kumar.
S.M.

In this thesis, the focus is on addressing the gaps that exist between (a) utility companies’ efforts to implement and diffuse Internet-based services and (b) their goal to achieve users’ expectations in terms of managing their domestic utility services online. The research highlights the importance of shifting the focus towards a user-centric and integrated virtual enterprise service delivery platform that factors in user demands and functions as a medium for interaction between all utility parties to cooperate in achieving efficient resources usage, while promoting sustainability and environmental welfare. The research involves a critical investigation of users’ perspectives related to the success of the creation of the proposed platform in the utility domains, with particular emphasis on its potential influence on user perceptions in terms of benefits, technology-fit, acceptance, and service adoption; in addition to the potential role of such platform in promoting individual pro-environmental sustainability. The research methodology design involves the collection of information (n=1142) about individual opinions, views, beliefs and expectations towards the new conceptualised innovation platform. The methodology involves four main stages. The initial stage was devoted to defining the research problem, conceptual model, developing a theoretical validation framework and the research questions with a formulation of the related hypothesis. This stage of the research design is critical to identify the key underpinning aspects of the research topic and to determine the main variables that have an impact on the research problem. The second stage involves an empirical investigation of Internet-user’s perceptions of task-technology fit, new technology innovation adoption, barriers, trends and difficulties for both existing and future technology innovation as well as an electronic service delivery approach, using a quantitative questionnaire survey. In the third stage, a mock-up prototype system is implemented to illustrate and validate the proposed research concepts. The last stage, aimed at analytically validate users’ perspective towards the new technology innovation platform as formulated in the research model and to predict their willingness to adopt the platform and impact on their individual sustainable behaviour. The resulting validated model and service platform provide a means for utility companies to deliver user accepted electronic utility management services, while promoting environmental friendly behaviour.

The prevalent pathology leading to high mortality from cardiovascular disease is atherosclerosis. Despite strong evidence for the association of shear stress and the site-specificity of atherosclerosis initiation, there is a lack of treatment focusing on modulating shear stress-induced phenotypes in endothelial cells. The overarching theme of the thesis is to uncover the causal molecular networks that are activated by mechanical forces in endothelial cells. We present an integrated platform for gene network inference and validation, which integrates network inference from gene expression data with functional genomics within a single framework to set up an iterative cycle of measurement and network refinement. In order to achieve this, a number of technological innovations were necessary and developed. We present an approach, named ARNI, to logically model and construct through abductive reasoning, regulatory gene networks from gene expression profiles and background prior knowledge on gene functions and interactions. We demonstrate the improved predictive power and complexity of our inferred network topologies compared with those generated by other non-symbolic inference approaches. A bioinformatics workflow for the integration of gene expression profiles across platforms and species is presented and applied for generating an integrated endothelial cell mechanoresponsive gene expression profile. The integrated dataset identified >1600 genes to be shear responsive, more than any other study, and in this gene set all known mechanosensitive genes and pathways were present. We also present the first high-throughput RNAi platform to demonstrate successful reverse electroporation of mammalian primacy cell lines and which couples RNAi screening with mechanotransduction studies. Each step of the assemblage is evaluated and effective loss-of-function is demonstrated for multiple gene targets. The tools presented in this thesis provide the basis for developing qualitative models and targeted therapies, in order to further our pursuit for shear-mediated atherosclerosis prevention.

Heterogeneity in the pore network of carbonate rocks can be attributed to variable mineralogy, lithology, sedimentary facies, diagenesis, and fracturing. These factors determine porosities and permeabilities within carbonate platform deposits which control their reservoir properties. This study has investigated all these controlling factors over six different carbonate formations from Northwestern Iraq represented by Butmah Formation (Liassic), Mauddud Formation (Albian), Gir Bir Formation (Cenomanian), Wajnah Formation (Late Santonian), Mushorah Formation (Early Campanian), and Shiranish Formation (Late Campanian-Early Maastrichtian). These investigations are applied with respect to various depositional positions within the carbonate platform, as well as diagenetic and fracturing history using a range of techniques across various scales from 10^2 to 10^-6 metres including analysis at macroscopic, mesoscopic and microscopic scales. The macroscopic scale analysis involved analysis of well log data and core description investigation, while the mesoscopic scale analysis includes a routine core plugs analysis (RCAL) and some special core plugs analysis (SCAL). The microscopic scale analysis involves thin section photomicrography and scanning electronic microscope techniques (SEM). These quantitative analyses are required to fuse geological information through multiscale integration. Integrated multiscale analysis has enabled reservoir properties to be identified, together with their depositional factors, diagenetic history, and those characteristic controlling factors which play an effective role in improving or reducing the reservoir properties. According to the difference between lithology, the studied formations were divided into many lithofacies, and later on, the identified lithofacies were subdivided into microfacies according to the difference in their allochems and crystal size. These facies were deposited in various environments to show the differences in the heterogeneity of the carbonate platform. Dolomitization, dissolution and fracturing were the most effective factors in improving reservoir quality of all of the studied formations, while cementation and compaction represented important negative factors that reduced the reservoir quality again in all of the studied formations. Fracture intensity was variable within the identified lithofacies of the studied formations, and cementation plays an important role, occluding most of them, especially in the Butmah and Mushorah Formations, while less effectively developed cementation was found in the Shiranish Formation. Nine reservoir classes and nineteen petrophysical rock zones were identified in this study using a novel classification system, depending on the well log data and derived values iii of shale volume, porosity and matrix fraction of the studied formations. In this new classification, Classes 1, 4, and 7 are clean matrix reservoir rocks composed mainly of a matrix porosity system (e.g., intergranular, intercrystalline, moldic and vuggy porosity). The porosity of rocks in this class may be derived solely from the matrix. However, there also is an additional contribution to porosity by open fractures, forming a hybrid or dual porosity system. Classes 2, 5, and 8 are wacke matrix reservoir rocks. The porosity in these classes may be derived in part from the matrix, but it is the fracture porosity which dominates in creating a hybrid or dual porosity system while classes 3, 6, and 9 are shale rocks which exhibit a fracture-controlled porosity system. These reservoir classes were distributed within four defined petrofacies; A, and B as reservoir units, and C and D as non-reservoir units. Integrated results of the identified petrofacies and reservoir classes help in understanding the fracturing control on the reservoir rocks which is used effectively in characterising the fractured reservoir type of the studied formation using Nelson classification. On the other hand, calibration between the SF indicator (the separation between the bulk porosity (ɸnd) and sonic (ɸs) porosity) and microscopic thin section study was applied to identify whether the SF indicator is due to fracturing or other positive diageneses such as dissolution and dolomitization. The results of applying this technique show that the Shiranish, Mushorah and Gir Bir Formations host diffuse fractures only within tight or no matrix porosity. The reservoirs are suggested to be Type-I as the oil storage and flow paths are in the fractures without matrix contribution. The limestone lithofacies of the Butmah and Wajnah Formations show diffuse fractures and possible matrix properties. Therefore, the reservoir is characterised as Type-I or Type-II where the oil is mainly stored in the matrix, and its flow occurs through fractures. While the Mauddud Formation and the dolomite lithofacies of the Butmah and Wajnah Formations are suggested to be reservoir Type-II or Type-III, as the oil is in the matrix and its flow occurs both in the matrix and fractures. A combined analysis of porosity, permeability, pore throat and the pore type data show that the studied carbonate rocks can be classified into three rock types: Type 1 consists of limestone with low porosity, a permeability less than 0.001 mD, a pore throat diameter range between 0.005 and 0.1 μm, and qualitative pore styles represented by some biomold and interparticles pores. This type of rock is identified in petrofacies C and D. Type 2 is composed mainly of dolomite or fractured limestone with low to moderate porosity, a permeability range between 0.001 and 0.1 mD, a pore throat diameter range between 0.1 and 10 μm, and with a pore type which is characterized by a large variety of pores including isolated and/or connected vugs, intercrystalline and microfractures pores. This type of rock is identified in petrofacies A and B. Type 3 consists of fractured limestone and/or dolomite with low porosities, a high permeability range between 0.1 and 20 mD, a pore throat diameter range between 10 and 50 μm, and pore types which are mainly fractured networks that could contain some biomold and/or interparticles pores. This type of rock is identified as Petrofacies A. Integrated study over three different scales provides the best way to interpret the complexity of the studied formations, where new definitions, classifications, and simulation techniques were applied to minimise the uncertainty in the carbonate reservoir characterisation and reservoir quality. This study shows that heterogeneity in carbonate rocks generally increases towards the shallowest environments (inner platform) assuming the fracturing effect and tectonic control are constant. Where deposits in the shallow environment are more susceptible to diagenesis than the deep environment (outer platform) and as a result, the pore system in the studied formations changed from hybrid diagenesis and fracturing in the Butmah Formation to fracturing pore system in the Shiranish Formation.

This work deals with verification possibilities of integrated circuits, especially with hardware emulation. The first part of the text briefly describes designing process of an integrated circuit, which includes emulation using emulation platforms. The main part of this work deals with the innovation of the emulation platform, which is used by SCG Czech Design Center s. r. o. Possible ways to improve the current emulation platform are explored and further taken into account when designing a universal emulation platform. Last part of this work deals with functional verification of the proposed universal emulation platform. Functionality will be verified by emulation of the basic control functions of the NCP1246 circuit.

Thesis: S.M. in Engineering and Management, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, System Design and Management Program, February 2018.
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 62-65).
Two-sided platforms include some of the largest and fastest-growing businesses of the past decade. They are composed of three parts: two distinct groups of end-users and a platform. Two-sided platforms face unique challenges such as design, pricing, governance rules etc. The pricing decision specifically has been the subject of rigorous research. As the value that each group derives from using the platform depends on the size of the other side of the market, the platform's pricing strategies of the two groups are closely linked. A platform pricing strategy includes decisions about which side of the platform to charge, how much to charge them and an overall approach to attract and benefit both sides of the platform. Though the study of platform strategies has been quite popular among many economists, they have focused on analyzing the strategies from a static perspective. Because platforms have evolved their pricing strategies over time to be competitive in the market and have faced challenges, the process deserves attention. This thesis therefore analyzes the evolution of pricing strategies of platforms such as eBay (sellers and buyers) and Uber (riders and drivers) and the challenges they overcame to stay ahead in the market. We study that eBay initially used a complex pricing strategy but simplified it to compete in the market with Amazon and other e-commerce firms. Uber, in contrast, began with a simple "taxi-meter" pricing but changed their pricing strategy to account for the multiple variables such as demand, supply, location etc. The study concludes that to stay relevant in the market and to be successful, platforms need to evolve their pricing strategy over time depending on various market conditions. Though there is not one fixed pattern of how platforms evolve their pricing, their strategies consider simplicity, data availability and transparency while making pricing decisions. Future platforms can use these learnings while designing their pricing strategies.
by Banda Shruti.
S.M. in Engineering and Management

Current major demands in SPR sensor development are system miniaturization and throughput improvement. Structuring an array of integrated optical SPR sensor heads on a semiconductor based optoelectronic platform could be a promising solution for those issues, since integrated optical waveguides have highly miniaturized dimension and the optoelectronic platform enables on-chip optical-to-electrical signal conversion. Utilizing a semiconductor based platform to achieve optoelectronic functionality poses requirements to the senor head; the sensor head needs to have reasonably small size while it should have reasonable sensitivity and fabrication tolerance. This research proposes a novel type of SPR sensor head and demonstrates a fabricated device with an array of integrated optical SPR sensor heads endowed with optoelectronic functionality. The novel integrated optical SPR sensor head relies on mode conversion efficiency for its operational principle. The beauty of this type of sensor head is it can produce clear contrast in SPR spectrum with a highly miniaturized and simple structure, in contrast to several-millimeter-scale conventional absorption type or interferometer type sensor heads. The integrated optical SPR sensor with optoelectronic functionality has been realized by structuring a dielectric waveguide based SPR sensor head on a photodetector-integrated semiconductor substrate. A large number of unit sensors have been fabricated on a substrate with a batch fabrication process, which promises a high throughput SPR sensor system or low-priced disposable sensors.
Ph.D.
Optics and Photonics
Optics and Photonics
Optics PhD

Thesis (M. Eng.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 2011.
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 56-57).
Quest Atlantis is a 3D multi-user narrative game used as a teaching tool for children from ages 9 to 16. It has become highly successful and used by over 15,000 4th - 8th graders worldwide. Building upon this successful Quest Atlantis project, the designers of Quest Atlantis want to develop a narrative-based programming environment where users are able to design their own objects in the virtual world, script certain sequences of animations and behaviors into them, and share these narratives with others. Through this, users of this system will be able to learn fundamental computer science concepts and skills. Previous work has been done to build a simple platform that enables users to accomplish this. However, this previous platform was immature and lacked many of the important needed features. As a result, using this previous platform as the groundwork, I designed a fully integrated platform that is not only easy to use, but also contains all the features a user would need.
by David Lam.
M.Eng.

Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, 2005.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 115-120).
Treatment for end stage lung disease has failed to benefit from advances in medical technology that have produced new treatments for cardiovascular disease, certain cancers, and other major illnesses in recent years. As a result, end stage lung disease remains a devastating condition with few therapeutic options. To address the need for improved methods of respiratory life support, a novel technology was developed capable of generating oxygen directly from water present in blood plasma. This technology is intended to provide a self-contained, mobile oxygen supply suitable for implantation or extracorporeal oxygenation in support of an acute or chronically disabled lung. The core technology couples an optoelectronic metal oxide film with a microfluidic capillary network to facilitate oxygen exchange with flowing blood and replicate pulmonary capillary respiration. This thesis focuses on the optimization of this microfluidic capillary network with respect to hemocompatibility, mass transfer, and dissolved oxygen detection. Microfluidic capillary devices were fabricated from silicone rubber using multilayer soft lithography to create dense 2D networks of bifurcating channels. To quantify the effectiveness of mass transfer in various channel geometries under differing experimental conditions, a mathematical model of oxygen convection and diffusion was generated. A novel integrated optical oxygen sensor based on an oxygen-quenched luminescent dye was developed to detect oxygen concentrations within the microfluidic device. Mass transfer within the microfluidic oxygenator was characterized experimentally, employing the integrated optical sensor, and analytically, using the convective model.
(cont.) Excellent agreement was found between experimental and analytical results. We conclude that the microfluidic platform achieves rapid and efficient diffusion of oxygen into a liquid medium, effectively mimicking the function of the pulmonary system. The combination of precise oxygen delivery and detection, integrated into a miniature device, is widely applicable both to the photolytic artificial lung and to a broader class of applications related to detection of chemical species in biological microdevices.
by Adam P. Vollmer.
S.M.

Dissertação apresentada na Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia da Universidade Nova de Lisboa para obtenção do grau de Mestre em Engenharia Electrotécnica e Computadores
O desenvolvimento de um pacote de software para lidar facilmente com electrocardiogramas de alta resolução tornou-se importante para pesquisa na área de electrocardiografia. O desenvolvimento de novas técnicas para detecção de potenciais tardios e outros problemas associados a arritmias cardíacas têm sido objecto de estudo ao longo dos anos. No entanto, ainda existe a lacuna de um pacote de software que facilmente permita implementar algumas destas inovadoras técnicas de uma forma integrada, possibilitando avaliar técnicas clássicas como o protocolo de Simson para a detecção de sinais não estacionários (potenciais tardios). Algumas destas inovadoras técnicas envolvem a detecção tempo-frequência usando escalogramas ou a análise espectral usando metodologias wavelet-packet, sendo implementadas no software desenvolvido com flexibilidade e versatilidade suficientes para que futuramente sirva de plataforma de pesquisa para o refinamento destas mesmas técnicas no que toca ao processamento de sinais de electrocardiogramas de alta resolução. O software aqui desenvolvido foi também desenhado de forma a suportar dois tipos de ficheiros diferentes provenientes de outros tantos sistemas de aquisição. Os sistemas suportados são o ActiveTwo da Biosemi e o USBamp da g.tec.

Pharma industry currently works on shortening the time required to manufacture drug candidates to support early preclinical testing, and reduces the failure rate by early screening of the molecules with the best potential to reach the market later on. This thesis focused on the development and integration of three aspects of manufacturing to contribute in achieving these objectives. The first one looked at the way to approach experimentation. The use of DOE was generalised to the whole development and the creation of a library of statistical tools to develop an algorithm for the analysis of the commonly used Central composite and Box-Behnken designs. This algorithm proved to be as efficient as commercially available statistical softwares but presents the advantage of automating the analysis of the DOE designs. The second aspect consisted in developing viable manufacturing steps such as an upstream PEI-mediated transfection process in CHO cells, capable of generating 100mg L-1 of product in less than 15 days, or a cation exchange purification platform using a Quality by Design approach. The third aspect focused on the integration of different processing steps to yield a whole integrated platform for the production, then purification of one gram of a reporter antibody. This platform proved to be a cost effective alternative to the development of a stable producing cell clone for the production of recombinant product. In addition, this research reveals that the adoption of a statistically driven approach to process development is as important as the implementation of innovative technologies to address the challenges ahead.

Au cours de ma thèse, j'ai développé un procédé de fabrication spécifique capable de produire un biocapteur qui combine deux techniques de biodétection différentes, la réponse plasmonique basée sur la résonance de plasmon de surface localisée (LSPR) et la réponse électrochimique. Les méthodes et les résultats qui sont présentés dans ce manuscrit ont été définis pour converger vers un dispositif fluidique unique combinant ces deux approches de détection différentes. Afin de trouver la configuration permettant l'excitation des résonances plasmoniques, la géométrie des nanocavités MIM (métal/isolant/métal) en réseau de lignes interdigitées a été optimisée par des simulations électromagnétiques. La fabrication par nanoimpression douce assistée UV (SoftUV-NIL) a été optimisée et, finalement, la caractérisation optique de ces nanocavités a été comparée avec succès aux simulations théoriques. Parallèlement à la réalisation de ce dispositif nanostructuré, des dispositifs électrochimiques fluidiques plus simples qui intègrent des microélectrodes classiques ont également été développés. L'objectif était d'abord de développer une chimie innovante pour le couple « biotine/streptavidine » et de comprendre ensuite comment les paramètres fluidiques peuvent affecter l'efficacité de capture des biomolécules. Ce manuscrit se termine par une discussion sur le rôle des paramètres fluidiques concernant l’efficacité de la biodétection sur la base de la théorie de Squires
During my thesis, I worked on the development of a specific fabrication process able to produce a device that combines two different biodetection techniques, plasmonic response based on Localized Surface Plasmon Resonance (LSPR) and electrochemical response. Methods and results that are presented in this manuscript were defined to converge towards a unique fluidic device combining these two different sensing approaches. This device integrates interdigitated array of MIM nanocavities. In order to find the easier working configuration allowing the excitation of plasmonic resonances, their geometry has been optimized through electromagnetic simulations. The fabrication of these dual devices has been optimized based on Soft-UV NIL and, finally, optical characterization of these nanocavities has been successfully compared with theoretical simulations. In parallel to this challenging goal, simpler fluidic electrochemical devices that integrate conventional microelectrodes have also been developed. The goal was first to develop an innovative chemistry for the couple biotin/streptavidin and secondly to learn how fluidic parameters can affect the capture efficiency of molecules. This manuscript ends with a discussion on the role of the fluidic parameters on the biodetection efficiency based on the theory of Squires

Thesis: S.M. in Engineering and Management, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, System Design and Management Program, 2018.
Thesis: S.M., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, 2018.
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 121-126).
Airborne wind energy (AWE) technologies have the potential to become a dominant source of clean electricity generation and help humanity reach many of the key sustainable development goals (SDGs) established by the United Nations as part of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. AWE systems eliminate the need for a tower, large blades and substantial foundations used in modern wind turbines and replace it with a wing (i.e. kite or glider aircraft) tethered to the ground. This technology can reach higher-altitude winds which is an untapped source of clean and highly abundant energy with the potential to power civilization 100 times over. As part of this work, an AWE research platform has been designed and developed based on a concept that emphasizes low-complexity, safety and low-cost. This research platform can be used to evaluate different sensor frameworks, airfoil/tether designs, control systems and optimal operational strategies for AWE systems operating under lift mode. A first-order techno-economic analysis was also performed to assess the cost and technical feasibility of developing a small-scale AWE system for distributed generation applications. In addition to estimating the approximate cost of the system, the analysis also determines the potential power generated by a specific AWE system design operating at a maximum elevation of 152 meters, to comply with existing regulation. The results of the techno-economic analysis suggest that small-scale AWE systems have the potential to produce electricity at a much lower cost than small-wind turbines of the same rated capacity.
by Carlos Emilio Perez Damas.
S.M. in Engineering and Management
S.M.

The design of chromatographic purification processes for non-platform biologic therapeutics is a complex problem due to the multitude of species involved and the difficulty of predicting their interactions with the separations media. This design problem is made even more challenging if the target therapeutic is to be manufactured in an integrated fashion, in which hold tanks, buffer conditioning, and other steps which allow the design of each unit operation on an individual basis are removed. This thesis explored several strategies to develop purification processes for non-platform biologics which were to be manufactured in a small-scale, integrated system with no conditioning steps or hold tanks between chromatographic unit operations.

In the first approach, a multiscale platform for the discovery of peptide affinity chromatography ligands was developed and applied for the purification of human growth hormone (hGH) from yeast cultures. A high-throughput batch screening approach using RP-UPLC was created to rapidly sample portions of the competitive adsorption isotherms for the biologic, allowing the selection of peptide leads based on their abilities to both bind the product from representative mixtures and subsequently desorb it from the chromatographic resin. A peptide ligand, SMWRTYH, was selected as the final candidate for the purification of hGH and in column-scale experiments was shown to purify hGH from yeast (Pichia pastoris) cultures with a product recovery of 80% and purity of 95% after a single step.

The second process development approach made use of a novel method for characterizing the host-related impurities in Pichia cultures. This characterization data was analyzed by an in silico tool which synthesized tentative chromatographic purification processes and ranked them based on predicted impurity clearance. The utility of the approach was demonstrated by employing it to develop integrated, 3-step purification processes for two therapeutic proteins using only commercially available separations media. This impurity characterization based approach could have applications in the development of highly constrained purification processes for a wide range of non-platform biologics.

Finally, a more straightforward approach was used to develop an integrated purification process for an Interferon mutant. This approach combined the lessons learned from the impurity characterization experiments with the results from a gradient elution screen on the product and its key variants to guide process development. These results demonstrate that integrated purification processes can also be designed for molecules with significant (>30%) product variant separation challenges and that a characterization of the host-related impurities can be used to guide decisions in the development process, even without the use of the in-silico process synthesis tool.

The successful implementation of the strategies presented in this thesis provides evidence that a characterization of both the product and the impurity interactions with the separations media can enable the development of highly constrained, integrated purification processes for non-platform biologics. Moreover, this body of work offers perspective on the relative merits and drawbacks of the various strategies that can be employed to design these processes.

碩士
國立臺灣大學
資訊管理學研究所
95
Strengthen the management ability has become one of the fundamental modes for raising the competitive capability of enterprises or organizations nowadays. With the intention of increasing the administration facility, the scholars have proposed a lot of supervision models in order to be a basis for the companies or the corporations and the Project Management Model is one of the most successful and popularized examples. However, for the business or the institutes, the Project Management Model might cause the raise of the switching costs, the resists of the user and further problems. For that reason, the situation will be always maintained if it is not essential necessary and generate the resources utilizations to be not able optimization. In order to reduce the negative influence of The Project Management Model to the organization, the academics suggested a lot of the Project Management Maturity Models as well to assist the enterprises could be leaded-in to the Project Management model smoothly. Base on the condition, the model will need an appropriate and low learning cost program in order to increase the practicability of the theory and decreases the obstruct, such as the efficiency of the information communicate and the negativistic mind. First of all, the efficiency of the information communicate will not improve if the required information flow cannot be coordinated with the management flow path. Second, the users are still negativistic with this method. Therefore, this research is to establish a administration system with low learning cost and also can be cooperated with the management flow. The research will conformity the EAI (Enterprise Application Integration) architecture to integrate the software that the users are using ordinary days to facilitate a management platform with the ability to be coordinated with the management flow and diminished the installation, preservation, maintenance and education costs. This will take advantage of decreasing the learning cost, avoid the users’ resistance of the new working system and simultaneously let the information flow breakthrough the limitation of the application programs in order to be fully coordinated with operation of the management flow and promoted the efficiency of the information transmission.

碩士
國立陽明大學
生物資訊研究所
95
Background: Genetic linkage analysis is a useful statistical tool for mapping disease susceptibility genes. There is now a wide choice of methods and software available for performing genetic linkage analysis, however majority of them are command driven and are not user friendly. To solve the problem, I have generated a platform CombLinkage that combines system portability and performance of linkage analyses under an easy to handle graphical user interface. Method: We constructed this platform using Perl language and used module Perl/Tk to establish graphical user interface; Tk::JPEG to show the result graph; DBI to link public database and search information; LWP::Simple to download website information. The platform includes six common used linkage analyses software such as LINKAGE, SUPERLINK, GENEHUNTER, ALLEGRO, MERLIN, and SIMWALK2 which can run in Windows system. Furthermore, we also used HaploPainter program to show the pedigree graph and visualization of haplotypes calculated by the common linkage programs and used Gnuplot software to draw a linkage result file graph. Result: In CombLinkage, we provided Format program which can convert STR genotyping data or SNP genotyping array data into appropriate format for specific linkage analysis. And we also make these six linkage analysis software to operate graphical interface display. The linkage output file would collate and use in follow-up analysis. Gene Finding is a program which can draw analysis result file graphs and allow users to set a threshold and link to Ensembl Homo Sapiens database or NCBI dbSNP database to find the disease related susceptibility gene. Conclusions: We have developed a graphical interface integrated linkage analysis platform which named CombLinkage. The platform can help researchers to quickly convert information into linkage analysis input format. And let users can easy operate six different genetic linkage analysis software under a graphical user interface system. After linkage analyses, the output files will be sorted and use Intenet to connect the public database. A follow-up gathering of gene information can accelerate the disease gene finding jobs and enable users to utilize these data for further research.

碩士
中原大學
電子工程研究所
97
Acknowledgement My sincere and great gratitude I would like to express to Prof. Yuh-Sow Tsai (蔡育秀) and Prof. Wen-Yaw Chung (鍾文耀) as advisors during the study and research in Chung Yuan Christian University under Distinguished International Graduate Student (DIGS) scholarship program. The author also would like to thank Director of Office of International Affairs, Prof. Jyh-Tong Teng and staffs for providing immense assistances during acceptance and graduation process. The author would like to express gratitude and appreciation to dearest fellows in Lab. 501 for warmly accepting the author as a family member despite our difference. May our friendship will last forever. Last but not least, the author also would like to thank the other fellows, both local and international who cannot be mentioned one by one. Thank you for the friendship and encouragement.

The paper overviews theoretical background and real-world implementations for High Availability (HA) and Storage Area Network (SAN). A systems analysis process is described and a platform was built to integrate the HA and the SAN for an academic library's critical web server and its Content Management System. Recommendations for selection and implementation are suggested for people adapting this approach.

碩士
國立臺灣大學
資訊管理學研究所
96
The related discussions on the success and failure of electronic-business (e-business) operations have been the center of focus for various professionals and scholars, with the discussions including the element of profitability, key success factor as well as the strategic planning direction of e-business websites. However, the discussions are mostly based on enterprise operations (B2B or B2C), with the ultimate goal being the enterprise operational profitability. The terms of the involved profitability vary; however, seldom do the discussions consider the overall developments of an industry and a country. Nevertheless, during the vigorous development of the e-business, the government plays a vital role in the common platform as needed by the industry in improving its global competitiveness. Although the specific industry integrated service platform is essentially an e-business platform, it has a specific service range and target due to the special goal of that industry. Therefore, the overall strategic planning and operational model concept are still different from that of the general e-business website, so are its related key success factor, operational detail planning and operational model. The development and improvement of the competitiveness of the industry will greatly depend on the construction of an integrated service platform for a specific industry from the success model of a general e-business website and the special service needs of the industry, to be followed by the assistance on the industry from its special position. Since the discussion on operating and planning of the integrated service platform of a specific industry is a vital issue, this research endeavors to launch such discussion, intends to find out the most suitable operational planning model for the integrated service platform and refer to the verification of the operational planning model of the Energy-using Products (EuP) integrated service platform. In the end, this research aims to create a triple-win situation for the government, industry and the user, and thereby improving the competitiveness of the country and the industry. This research aims to emphasize both on the theoretical investigation and practical analysis, so that each analysis will be close to completeness and will not favor either end. In the theoretical investigation part, this research will clarify the definitions of portal and e-business. As well, this research will explain the e-business categories, Internet economy characteristics and information security behaviors. Later on, this research will quote the concept of Transaction Cost Theory to analyze the structure of e-business transaction costs while discuss on which planning model can help reach the win-win situation. Meanwhile, this research aims to conclude the elements of success of general e-business websites and the principles of launching strategic planning. For practical analysis, this research collects related information of e-invoice platform and material verification platform. By offering “the operational strategic planning chart for the integrated service platform,” this research analyzes and induces eleven key success factor of the integrated service platform from three facets—policy, demand planning and operational practice. When this research launches external analysis of the EuP integrated service platform using this structure, it is discovered that the commonly-used Porter 5 force analysis for general industry analysis presents tremendous advantages among the analysis of EuP integrated service platform while being contradictory as well as complementary for supply and demand in dealing with the supplier and the buyer relationships. In addition, the development trend of information technology, the direction of government policy and social structure heavily influence EuP integrated service platform since the government policy has a part in the platform and this platform is an innovative service. After launching external analysis, it is obvious that the platform generates strong value chain advantages such as the ability to recruit and serve member clients, to offer long-term operation and service, as well as a healthy financial structure, complete consultancy team, a mature EuP database and platform-maintaining ability. This research will also use the offered eleven key success factor of the integrated service platform to correspond to the practical operational planning and operational model content of the EuP integrated service platform, with focuses including using the service concept to construct the operational model and launch related procedure planning, as well as integrate and simplify the structure for an independent operation while offering the best operational planning model of EuP integration service platform.

碩士
國立交通大學
電控工程研究所
101
Nowadays, the civil infrastructures are subjected to disasters such as fires, floods, and earthquakes. So, how to managing crisis situations via providing a good disaster management and emergency response information is very important now. This paper addresses the civil infrastructure issue of health monitoring and disaster management and propose an intelligent disaster information integrated platform. The framework of this platform is a three layered architecture. The top layer is a wireless sensor networks (WSN) client which is deployed in civil infrastructure to perform specific tasks such as sensing, data processing, and acknowledgement. The middle layer is an information exchange web service (IEWS), all information such as sensor data, structural health, and location are exchanged via this service. The third layer is a mobile device based information platform for data representation, control, and event notification. Three application cases are proposed to verify the feasibility of our platform. The experimental results shows that our proposed platform works fine and can be easily extended to other specific applications.

The aim of the thesis was to design and develop a unified application for installation and integration of the software management tools into a single comprehensive and functional unit. The application should also allow export of the project metadata via the RESTful API. The goals of the thesis were fulfilled relatively well. A set of installation scripts was created, as well as a functional web application built using the JavaEE platform. The application can be deployed in a small company after performing minor modifications. Less common deployment scenarios for CGI based applications on Apache Tomcat were also examined. Minor enhancements in the open-source project NetBeans were implemented as well. Also, a branded version of Bugzilla was created and deployed in an existing small software company.

碩士
東吳大學
企業管理學系
105
The consumer behavior in tourism marketing changes over time. Travel agencies have switched their purchasing-and-selling broker roles and face-to-face service to Online Travel Agent since many years ago. However, though travel agencies have stepped into the new OTA era , they are still looking for more revenue generation and margins since the tourism business has developed its selling and purchasing into up and down stream vending system (such as airlines, local partners, etc.) due to the trend of disintermediation in the industry. As a result, the travel agencies in Taiwan are pressured by the business system. Big travel agencies fight teeth and nails to take more market share and more seats from the airlines. On the other hand, small local travel agencies face the difficulties in surviving in the market. This study is to investigate the difficulties of the small travel agencies in business operation and transformation, in order to develop a new form in online consulting and tourism tip sharing platform by adopting the big travel agency employees’ practical experience in managing online tourism websites. This platform is aimed to assist the small local travel agencies to gain more experience in hand-on practice which they are not familiar with and to provide the needed information for their business transformation by increasing business consulting in the hope that the small agencies can be transformed successfully and improve the condition and value of tourism in Taiwan.

碩士
國立交通大學
電信工程系所
95
Abstract Streaming technology allows people to enjoy the multimedia contents while downloading them. With the advantages of this technology, users don’t need to spend extra hours on downloading multimedia contents or spare memory space to save them. Streaming technology consists of three components. 1. File Format, for example, *.avi, *.mp4, *.wmv, and *.mpg. Decoder can parse video stream and audio stream via analyzing the header of a file format. 2. Codec, for example, mpeg-4, mp3, and AAC. By using Codec, users can compress original file several folds. 3. Network Streaming Technology. User can present smooth and real-time multimedia contents via network. In order to develop a perfect multimedia streaming platform, one have to realize all kinds of file formats and network streaming technology. In addition, the perfect platform has to possess all kinds of Codec to decode or encode multimedia contents. This complex perfect multimedia streaming platform is being built gradually by global software engineers. We will introduce an open source software which is produced by free software foundation in chapter 3. Surveillance system is an important application in streaming technology, we will build a real-time two camera model multimedia streaming surveillance system in this thesis, we use VFW SDK to capture this two camera image and encode image to mpeg-4 simple profile, and stream the mpeg-4 video stream via internet. In order to decrease the cpu loading, we try to use hardware mpeg-4 simple profile encoder to replace the software one. Although both hardware encoder and software decoder are mpeg-4 simple profile codec, the difference of codec tool will cause decoder error, we will resolve this problem in this thesis and successfully streaming multimedia contents which is made by hardware encoder.

碩士
臺中健康暨管理學院
資訊科技研究所
92
Due to the PC popularized and the performance improved, then the network bandwidth increased day after day, the distributed computing is valued gradually. Problems need high computing power originally, but now they don’t only depend on Super Computers or other high computing power machine. Distributed computing is using low cost PC with network of high bandwidth, providing low cost and high computing power to coordinate processing problems. The goal of this paper is building a easy using distributed computing and data sharing platform. Our purpose is in order to solving a problem of distributing computing: a distributing computing program just designed to solve a problem, in the other word, there isn’t a environment to provide a distributed computing power, let a single executing problem become a distributed executing problem. Even though now having some high all-purpose middleware which provide distributed computing: like PVM (Parallel Virtual Machine), MPI (Message Passing Interface). But user still aim at different problems to develop needed programs by middleware providing functions and libraries. So our research is want to building a reliable and convenient using integrated distributed computing and data sharing platform for some programs that already developed and hope to become distributed computing.

碩士
國立臺北大學
資訊工程學系
102
With the development of cloud computing, it can provide many services through network. Also with the development of virtual technology, we can use virtual machines instead of physical machines to do some research or other usages. In tradition, if we want to create a virtual machine with software, we have to make many virtual machine templates with different software on them. It may waste storage. Therefore, we have proposed system architecture to solve this problem. It can let user easy to create instance and with the automatically installing software, we don’t need to create many virtual machine templates. We believe that this system will save more time and physical resources.

碩士
國立清華大學
通訊工程研究所
104
In this thesis, an integrated wearable application platform with physiological sensors are presented. We use the wearable devices to collect the electrocardiography (ECG) respiration (RESP) signals. The first wearable device is a prototype with analog front-end, FPGA controller and Bluetooth module. The other wearable device is using accelerometers and a microphone to collect respiration signals and snore sound. The mobile phone is a platform for dealing with the digital signal processing. We design an Android app with convenient user interface for every application. In order to get more convenient to analyse these biomedical signals, we choose cloud computing system to be our computing platform. We implement the cloud computing by Apache Storm, which can transmit the data by streaming via 3G/Wi-Fi. Depending on the advantages of the cloud computing, we develop an application with the wearable device for the emotion recognition. The extracted-features of biomedical signals are implemented with methods by the cloud computing. The support vector machine (SVM) is a classifier for classifying the data set into the correct classes. The accuracy of the classification is 58.3 %. Besides the detecting emotion recognition system, this wearable device can be applied in various applications. The heart and brain crosstalk system is an application of using ECG and Electroencephalography (EEG) signals to observe the patients’ surgery recovery. The special part is that the mental status of the patients can use colors scale to represent. The home monitoring system for sleep-disordered breathing is an application to monitor the patients who is obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and uses the accelerometers and microphones to detect the symptoms of disease. We modify the monitor platform from using MATLAB to Android mobile phone. The last application is using the same wearable device to collect RESP signals and then develop an entertaining app game.

碩士
明志科技大學
機電工程研究所
95
This thesis presents a system combines the Microsensor, Wireless transmission technologies(Zigbee), micro controller, and a monitor system to install a platform of wireless sensor network and application to Telehomecare and animal husbandry. In this research, we use a barometric sensor and a color sensor to build wireless transmission technologies and a platform of monitor. Then, expand to detect system of temperature or something else. Finally, it will apply to agriculture, fishery, husbandry or home care services. The planning of the whole system is low cost and stability transmission situation. We also want to develop a circuit of multi-function chip that combines USB, A/D and zigbee. In our initial design, the circuit of A/D Converter is manly 8-12 bits, so as to ensure exactness and accuracy of delivering data. The wireless delivers system to draw up to take the chip of Microchip or Zigbee as to develop a platform, this platform has many channels to input / output in order to offer each detect usage. The Windows supervision is an interface for receiving and recoding data by transmitting, it’s a simple platform that operated by diagram control. With the preliminary research of this thesis, it can develop a simple platform for detect and wireless deliver technique, if we apply this technology to some application, for example, home care services for nursing or detect the temperature or salt degree of water for aquaculture, it will quite beneficial to the development of many industry.

碩士
國立成功大學
電機工程學系碩博士班
100
Various protein interactions are essential to many biological functions. The existence of diverse types, such as physically contacted or functionally related, makes protein interactions more complicated. These different interaction types are quite distinct and should not be confused with one another. However, most of existing tools either focused on a specific interaction type or mixed different ones. In this study, we collected 7234058 interactions with experimentally verified interaction types from five databases and compiled individual probabilistic models for different types of interactions. The experimental results show the performance of PRASA on different interaction types. The proposed method has been implemented as a web site, named PRASA, which predicts protein interactions as well as the interaction types. PRASA provides a centralized and organized platform for easily browsing, downloading and comparing the interaction types, which helps to reveal more insights of the complicated roles that the proteins play in organisms.

Over the past few decades, optics-based time-domain spectroscopic systems have significantly promoted the developments of terahertz science and technology. Despite their success in physics, the bulky and costly optical systems are not readily amendable to various applications such as communications, imaging, sensing, and radar. These applications require devices with structural compactness, integrability, and portability. Leveraging both electronic and photonic technologies, terahertz integrated circuits have emerged and gradually bridged the gap between ’concept’ and ’application’. To realise multifunctional terahertz integrated circuits, efficient and broadband platforms able to accommodate various passive and active components are in great demand, while interconnects with low loss, low dispersion, and broad bandwidth are vital. To this end, this thesis focuses on an efficient and broadband terahertz integrated platform based on silicon. Firstly, a class of self-supported substrateless dielectric waveguides are proposed based on the effective medium theory. The effective-mediumclad dielectric waveguides are purely built into a high-resistivity intrinsic float-zone silicon wafer to achieve extremely low loss and low dispersion. The effective medium is realised by periodically perforating the silicon slab with a deep subwavelength spacing, leading to a tailorable effective relative permittivity tensor. Consequently, an additional degree of freedom is granted in this design to manipulate the waveguides’ modal indices and adapt to different guiding scenarios. Through in-depth investigations of various propagation characteristics, the proposed waveguides show a potential to establish a terahertz integrated platform with a high level of design flexibility. Benefiting from the concept of effective medium to create this new waveguide platform, various fundamental building blocks and functional components are proposed including bends, crossings, directional couplers, filters, and polarisation splitters. All these components inherit high efficiency and broad bandwidth, which are much needed for terahertz applications that typically leverage a vast available bandwidth with limited source power. The proposed concepts can benefit terahertz integrated circuits at large, in analogy to the silicon-on-insulator platform for integrated photonics.
Thesis (Ph.D.) -- University of Adelaide,School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, 2022

博士
朝陽科技大學
資訊科技研究所博士班
97
An Intelligent Transportation System (ITS) incorporates a variety of equipment and devices all working in mutual harmony. However, each piece of equipment or device has its own data format and protocol such as GPS, TMC, Wi-Fi, and Bluetooth. Therefore, they cannot exchange data with each other directly. In this paper, an integrated platform of data exchange in an ITS is proposed that can receive data from several types of equipment external to automobiles, repackage the received data, and then dispatch the data to different devices inside the vehicles. Based on this platform, data in equipment and devices can be interchanged to share data.