Статті в журналах: "Insurance Intermediarie"

1

Filippenkova, Olesya G. "Insurance Actuary as Insurance Intermediary." Proceedings of the Southwest State University. Series: History and Law 11, no. 6 (2021): 35–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.21869/2223-1501-2021-11-6-35-43.

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Relevance. Currently, it is difficult to classify our state as one of the countries with a developed insurance market. Despite the fact that almost thirty years have passed since the adoption of the Law of the Russian Federation №. of November 27, 1992 4015-1 "On the organization of insurance business in the Russian Federation", the adoption of special laws on insurance in certain areas, the market of intermediary insurance services is only getting on its way of development. Numerous problems that have not been resolved to date, ambiguous judicial practice delay this process. At the same time, it is necessary to note the positive dynamics: the emergence of new participants in insurance mediation brings Russian insurance legislation closer to world standards. One of the manifestations of the transformation of the insurance sector is the emergence of an insurance actuary. The definition of its legal status, role and functional potential is of considerable interest for the theory of private law about its subjects and law enforcement practice. The purpose is to determine the legal status of an insurance actuary as an insurance intermediary. The objectives of the study are as follows: to define an insurance actuary, taking into account its features; to identify the signs of an insurance actuary; to identify the main types of insurance actuaries. Methods. The article is based on the methods of analysis, synthesis, induction, deduction, formal legal. Results. During the scientific work, the legal position of the insurance actuary as one of the insurance interme-diaries was determined, a common understanding of the term insurance actuary was developed, and the specific fea-tures of this subject were determined. Conclusion. The insurance actuary is an intermediary in insurance, acting in the interests of the insurer. The legal status of an insurance actuary depends on whether it acts on its own behalf on the basis of an actuarial settlement service agreement with the insurer, or on behalf of an insurance organization in the performance of an employment function.

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Bähre, Erik. "THE JANUS FACE OF INSURANCE IN SOUTH AFRICA: FROM COSTS TO RISK, FROM NETWORKS TO BUREAUCRACIES." Africa 82, no. 1 (January 19, 2012): 150–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0001972011000787.

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ABSTRACTThis study examines the consequences of the rapid and unprecedented expansion of insurances for the poor in South Africa. Over the last ten years, South African insurance companies established a myriad of policies in order to incorporate the previously excluded, mostly African, poor and lower middle classes. While poverty, violence and AIDS put state institutions and social relations under pressure, insurances enable people to manage risks in hitherto unthinkable ways. The article examines the development of this new regime of risk as a Janus head, after the Roman god of opening and closing. At the heart of access to insurance were the incongruencies that were caused by the ‘translation’ of risk into the seemingly neutral concept of costs and the inability of brokers and intermediary organizations to navigate these translations successfully. Access to insurance – here not defined as having an insurance policy but as making a successful claim when confronted with the insured risk – was fraught with the contradictions of complex high-tech bureaucracies and the poor's social networks.

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Latorre Guillem, Miguel Ángel. "Insurance Brokers’ behaviour: the effect of policy collection on management decisions." HUMAN REVIEW. International Humanities Review / Revista Internacional de Humanidades 11, Monográfico (December 15, 2022): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.37467/revhuman.v11.4035.

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Spanish legislation on insurance and reinsurance mediation stipulates that intermediary can only receive commissions and fees for the management of their policies and prohibits any other form of remuneration. However, it is possible that financial intermediaries who manage larger risks wait until the end of the legal deadline to settle with insurance companies. This common practice in the insurance market hides additional remuneration in defiance of the law. It also means that the risk is not covered within the prescribed period and would, involve a commercial payment to the client, and, on the other hand, affect sustainable claims management.

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4

Cummins, J. David, and Neil A. Doherty. "The Economics of Insurance Intermediaries." Journal of Risk Insurance 73, no. 3 (September 2006): 359–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1539-6975.2006.00180.x.

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5

Goel, Rajeev K. "Insurance intermediaries and contractual relations." Applied Financial Economics Letters 2, no. 4 (July 2006): 211–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17446540500541876.

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6

Ramchander, M. "Measuring consumer knowledge of life insurance products in South Africa." South African Journal of Business Management 47, no. 2 (June 30, 2016): 67–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/sajbm.v47i2.61.

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The financial services industry is characterized by product suppliers having more information than consumers regarding product features and services. The purpose of this article is to explore this information asymmetry with particular reference to the life insurance industry. Financial advisors, acting as intermediaries, are charged with the task of resolving this asymmetry through mandatory disclosures demanded by regulation. In South Africa, the Financial Services Board (FSB) monitors, regulates and supervises the financial services industry through the Financial Advisory and Intermediary Services Act of 2002 and The Code of Conduct for Financial Advisors. This paper distinguishes financial products from other products and highlights the need for disclosures regarding product features, by financial advisors. Using multistage sampling a national survey was conducted to establish whether consumers are knowledgeable of the features of basic insurance products. The findings were that consumers have a low to very low level of understanding of the features of basic insurance products. The study makes an important contribution to insurers’ understanding of consumers’ knowledge regarding the features of basic life insurance products. Furthermore, the findings would also contribute to insurersunderstanding the level to which intermediaries resolve the information asymmetry between product suppliers and consumers.

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7

Marano, Pierpaolo. "Navigating InsurTech: The digital intermediaries of insurance products and customer protection in the EU." Maastricht Journal of European and Comparative Law 26, no. 2 (April 2019): 294–315. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1023263x19830345.

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Emerging technology-driven innovations in the insurance industry is a trend of recent years. ‘InsurTech’ is the portmanteau describing this phenomenon. Insurance intermediaries are the main distributors of the insurance contracts and several digital intermediaries are already operating with InsurTech. The European Union legal framework on insurance distribution mainly consists of the Insurance Distribution Directive, which came into force a few months ago. However, the Insurance Distribution Directive does not provide standards specifically dictated to these intermediaries. The paper aims to verify, despite this shortcoming, whether and how the recent discipline applies to digital intermediaries.

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8

Tsokur, Elena F. "Powers and Specific Features of the Activity of Insurance Agents and Brokers." Civil law 6 (December 17, 2020): 20–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.18572/2070-2140-2020-6-20-23.

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The article considers the legal status of insurance agents and insurance brokers in the light of recent legislative changes. The provision of insurance services to the population is an urgent topic that requires detailed consideration, especially the legal status of insurance intermediaries causes a lot of discussion. This study examines the legal status, powers and features of insurance agents and insurance brokers. According to the results of the study, it was concluded that it is necessary to introduce legislative amendments to control the activities of insurance intermediaries and to determine the legal status of the document circulation of insurance brokers.

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9

Marano, Pierpaolo. "Management of Distribution Risks and Digital Transformation of Insurance Distribution—A Regulatory Gap in the IDD." Risks 9, no. 8 (August 2, 2021): 143. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/risks9080143.

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The Insurance Distribution Directive (IDD) aims to regulate insurance distribution in the EU regardless of distribution channels and means. Although new technologies affect insurance distribution, the IDD does not explicitly regulate this digital transformation. Insurers and intermediaries must comply with detailed business conduct rules that aim to counteract distribution risks. However, the IDD exempts ancillary insurance intermediaries from its scope when they meet certain conditions. The article highlights the regulatory framework on insurance, requiring insurers and intermediaries to address distribution risks, and analyses how this exemption affects the management of distribution risks in online distribution from a legal perspective. The focus on online distribution depends on the scale such distribution can achieve. The consideration of the scale allows for challenging the political choice behind the exemption of ancillary insurance intermediaries, which consists of the principle of proportionality. A regulatory proposal to counteract these adverse effects is to remove the exemption from the IDD rules for ancillary intermediaries in online distribution. Such a proposal is compliant with the principle of technological neutrality and is in line with the new legislative proposals in the Digital Services Act and Digital Markets Act.

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10

Yu, Tsu-Wei, and Mei-Su Chen. "Developing life insurer-insurance intermediary relationships." Managing Service Quality 24, no. 5 (September 2, 2014): 455–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/msq-09-2013-0181.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to investigate the influential factors of the antecedents of relationship quality (RQ), RQ, and long-term relationship orientation between the members that constitute the insurance marketing channel. Design/methodology/approach – This study uses in-depth interviews as well as a survey to examine long-term relationship orientation between life insurers and insurance intermediaries in Taiwan. Findings – Results indicate that antecedents of RQ (customer orientation, expertise, similarity, and contact intensity) have a positive effect on RQ. Relationship qualities (trust, satisfaction, and commitment) have a positive effect on the long-term relationship orientation. The antecedents of RQ have a positive effect on the interaction of long-term relationship orientation through mediating effects of RQ. Originality/value – It fills a gap in the literature by explores the long-term cooperative relationship between life insurers and insurance intermediaries based on the RQ perspective. Further, previous studies have focused on the automobile, food, electronic information, textile, and financial industries. Few studies have looked at insurance marketing outsourcing from a RQ perspective. Thus, this study will be useful to decision makers in the insurance industry seeking to improve their supplier-distributor relationships.

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Ma, Yu-Luen, Nat Pope, and Xiaoying Xie. "Contingent Commissions, Insurance Intermediaries, and Insurer Performance." Risk Management and Insurance Review 17, no. 1 (July 1, 2013): 61–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/rmir.12004.

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12

Dominique-Ferreira, Sérgio. "The key role played by intermediaries in the retail insurance distribution." International Journal of Retail & Distribution Management 46, no. 11/12 (December 10, 2018): 1170–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijrdm-10-2017-0234.

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PurposeThe insurance market has high churn rates because customers’ purchase decision-making process and claims management rely heavily on intermediaries. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the role played by insurers and intermediaries in customer satisfaction, as well as in the preferences of customers regarding the purchase decision-making process.Design/methodology/approachThe first step was to select the most important attributes for Portuguese insurance customers. Three focus groups were conducted (using B2C and B2B markets), and data from Portuguese car insurance customers were gathered through anad hocquestionnaire. Structural equation models and the multidimensional scaling unfolding model were applied.FindingsIntermediaries play a key role in the retail insurance distribution channels by influencing customer satisfaction, claims management and the purchasing process (premium acceptance).Practical implicationsBecause of the influence that intermediaries have on customer satisfaction, insurers should improve their partnerships (back office support) with intermediaries.Originality/valueThe study contributes to the retail distribution literature of the insurance sector by providing empirical evidence of the impact of intermediaries on customers’ satisfaction.

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13

Reverchuk, Serhiy, Olga Vovchak, Tetyana Yavorska, Lyudmyla Voytovych, and Olesya Irshak. "Investment activities of banks, insurance companies, and non-government pension funds in Ukraine." Investment Management and Financial Innovations 17, no. 2 (July 3, 2020): 353–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/imfi.17(2).2020.27.

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Successful solution of main problems and contradictions in the development of financial intermediaries’ investment activities largely depends on their timely detection, which is facilitated using trend forecasting models. The research aims to determine the current investment potential of financial intermediaries in the Ukrainian economy, find out the features and general problems, and identify the main perspective directions for the development of their investment activities. The article reveals the main internal and external factors and the source of development and inhibition of Ukrainian banks’ investment activities, insurance companies, and non-government pension funds. Based on the analysis, the investment structure patterns for key groups of financial intermediaries were defined. The forecast of their investments for 2020–2022 allows comparing the investment activities of selected financial intermediaries and offering conditions for the intensification of investment activities for banks (formation of reserves and cash flows control), insurance companies (to develop investment strategies), and private pension funds (to allow investing funds in collateralized government debt securities).

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Cerrone, Rosaria. "Risk management as increased corporate governance requirement in Italian banks and insurance companies." Corporate Board role duties and composition 15, no. 3 (2019): 58–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.22495/cbv15i3art5.

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The paper explores how risk management and internal audit functions can be used effectively to strengthen governance frameworks and ensure compliance with new regulatory requirements in the financial services industry. The aim of the paper is the description of the regulatory framework which gives great relevance to risk management both in banks and in insurance companies. A right and efficient risk management scheme, in fact, is based on efficient corporate governance of the financial intermediary. Better corporate governance ensures the achievement of risk management principles. For this, the paper explores the organizational and governance structure of financial intermediaries. The paper is a timely addition to the current discussion around the relevance of sound governance for banks and insurance. It extends the effort to evaluate risk governance standards at these financial intermediaries against regulatory requirements. The paper comes to the conclusion that risk mitigation as the process of reducing risk exposure and minimizing the likelihood of an incident needs to be continually addressed to ensure the business is fully protected and this aim is reached by linking controls to risks, activities, policies, and procedures and to track their effectiveness.

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Sholoiko, Antonina. "ACTIVITIES OF INSURANCE AND REINSURANCE INTERMEDIARIES IN UKRAINE." «SCIENTIFIC NOTES OF OSTROH ACADEMY NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, SERIES "ECONOMICS", no. 5(33) (June 29, 2017): 120–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.25264/2311-5149-2017-5(33)-120-125.

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16

Yu, Tsu-Wei, and Yung-Ming Shiu. "Partnership between life insurers and their intermediaries." Management Research Review 37, no. 4 (March 11, 2014): 385–408. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/mrr-11-2012-0243.

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Purpose – The purpose of this study attempts to fill the gap in the literature by investigating partnerships between life insurers and insurance intermediaries, the effects of these partnerships, and the parties' willingness to cooperate. Design/methodology/approach – Data were collected in a survey of general managers of the insurance intermediaries in Taiwan and were analysed using in-depth interviews and questionnaires. A structural equation modelling approach is employed to test the hypotheses. Findings – The paper finds that partnership components, communication strategies, conflict resolution approaches, and market orientation are related to partnership performance. The paper also finds that willingness to continue cooperation increases with partnership performance. The results have implications for managers of life insurers and their intermediaries. Originality/value – This research is one of the first studies to conceptualize and empirically examine the partnerships of life insurers and insurance intermediaries. Theoretically, a specification of the linkages between characteristics of the partnership, communication strategies, conflict resolution approaches, the market orientation of the partners, the partnership's performance and both parties' willingness to continue cooperation can provide a useful framework for future research. Practically, this study offers insights into how to proactively manage partnerships in order to improve partnership performance, willingness to continue cooperation and avoid the damaging costs inherent in failure.

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17

Kulvinskienė, Violeta Raimonda, and Gintarė Apčelauskaitė. "INSURANCE INTERMEDIARIES’ WORK-RELATED STRESS: CONNECTIONS WITH LABOUR PRODUCTIVITY." Ekonomika 93, no. 1 (January 1, 2014): 146–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.15388/ekon.2014.0.3016.

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Abstract. The article deals with work-related stress, the reasons for its occurrence, consequences, and ways how to manage stress in the Lithuanian “X” life insurance company. The intermediaries’ work stress connection with labour productivity and type A personality behaviour are analyzed. The study aims to find out how the insurance company takes certain measures to minimize work-related stress and to increase labour productivity.Key words: work-related stress, labour productivity, Type A character behaviour, work-related stress management

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Tiwari, Pradeep. "The Role of an Insurance Intermediary in Fiji: A Critical Perspective of the Consumer." Business Law Review 43, Issue 6 (October 1, 2022): 257–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/bula2022039.

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The purpose of this article is to critically examine the role played by insurance brokers in the non-life or general insurance sector in Fiji with reference to consumer protection. The article evaluates the regulatory framework enshrined under the Insurance Act 1998 (Fiji) (1998 Act) related to intermediaries in the insurance sector. The article aims to analyse and compare the position of the Act in Fiji with that in the United Kingdom and Australia. The comparative analysis reveals shortfalls in the Fijian legislation and paves the way for legislative reforms in the 1998 Act. Insurance, insurance broker, consumer protection, Fiji, UK, Australia

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Maśniak, Dorota. "Complementarity of the Provision of Insurance Services and Services of a Different Kind, i.e. Cross-Selling." Prawo Asekuracyjne 2, no. 99 (June 15, 2019): 60–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0013.5665.

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This article focuses on discussing the standards laid down in Article 10 of the Insurance Distribution Act. It concerns the so-called packages of insurance services and other services or sale of things. Complementarity of the provision of insurance services poses the threat of misselling. Hence, the legislature desires to limit the freedom of insurance distribution by additional information obligations imposed on insurance intermediaries, to whom the analyzed regulation is primarily addressed.

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Vojvodić-Miljković, Nevenka, and Milica Stojković. "Interdependence of insurance need and development insurance markets." International Review, no. 3-4 (2022): 104–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/intrev2204110v.

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On the one hand, the insurance market is no different from other markets, as it has market entities, supply, demand, price and "product" (sale of security). Still, on the other hand, it is specific in relation to all other markets; the market subject to sale is a risk that may or may not be realized in the future. Insurance is a form of risk management, primarily moderate to reduce financial losses or transfer of risk from the insured to the insurance company, with insurance premium payment. The security market has its own branch institutional network consisting of: companies (important factors in the global financial economy), intermediaries (brokers), insurance agents (banks, companies), directorates for business supervision of insurance organizations, professional associations (insurance associations), the association of actuaries, etc. In addition to them, an important place belongs to the individuals and legal entities like insured objects. This topic has been insufficiently researched in practice, so the authors consider it important.

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21

Millard, D., and B. Kuschke. "Transparency, trust and security: An evaluation of the insurer's precontractual duties." Potchefstroom Electronic Law Journal/Potchefstroomse Elektroniese Regsblad 17, no. 6 (November 14, 2014): 2412. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/pelj.v17i6.05.

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Transparency in insurance law attaches to the rights and duties of the parties, the relationships between insurers, insurance intermediaries such as agents and brokers, insurance supervisory law and insurance dispute resolution procedures. Regarding the rights and duties of the insurer and the prospective policyholder, it requires insurers to disclose precontractual information in a timely manner that is clear, understandable, legible and unambiguous. Transparency as a value is incredibly important in insurance contracts. This contribution focuses exclusively on the insurer's duty of disclosure during precontractual negotiations. Although the insured's duty of disclosure has enjoyed more attention in the past, the duty clearly applies to the insurance proposer as well as the insurer. The purpose of this contribution is to evaluate the nature and extent of the insurer's transparency duties as informed by both common and statutory laws.The insurer's duty is derived primarily from the statutory rights of access to information in accordance with the provisions of the Constitution of the Republic of South Africa and the Promotion of Access to Information Act. It is furthermore supported by specific insurance consumer protection law found in the detailed provisions on mandatory disclosures in the Financial Advisory and Intermediary Services Act, the Long-term Insurance Act, the Short-term Insurance Act and, finally, the Policyholder Protection Rules issued in accordance with these acts. Strict rules on advertising can be found in the General Code of Conduct issued under the FAIS Act.The Act furthermore specifically targets the activities of insurance intermediaries in precontractual disclosures. The fact that insurance products and services have been exempted from the scope of the Consumer Protection Act from 28 February 2014 should not diminish the insured's right to rely on universal consumer protection principles as envisaged by South African insurance legislation. The insurer's duty to disclose is in the last instance also derived from the common law duty not to make misrepresentations by commission or omission. When negotiating an insurance contract, the insurer's duty to speak is not based on a general requirement of bona fides, but is recognised as an ex lege duty due to the involuntary reliance of the prospective insured on information supplied by insurers in the market. A lack of transparency should lead to the insurer's accountability. A failure to disclose material information or a disclosure of false information that goes to the root of the matter and that induces the prospective policyholder to buy the insurance product is recognised as an actionable misrepresentation. Statutory provisions do not diminish the common-law duty not to make misrepresentations, but provide details of the nature and extent of the information duty to provide clarity and legal certainty in the determination of the standards of transparency required in law. In addition, statutes provide for enforcement actions by regulators, orders that could affect the licence of the insurer and provide for punishable offences and penalties. In terms of common law, a misrepresentation by omission or commission renders the insurance contract wholly or in part voidable. The policyholder may decide to rescind the contract and claim restitution. He may also, in conjunction with rescission, or as an alternative when deciding to maintain the contract, claim delictual damages or even constitutional damages when judged by a court of law as appropriate relief. Statutory remedies include a monetary award by the Insurance Ombud. Even though such an award is capped at R800 000, it is submitted that it is preferred to a civil law damages claim.

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Nesterova, D., and N. Kudriavska. "DEVELOPMENT OF INSURANCE INTERMEDIARIES IN THE DEVELOP EUROPEAN COUNTRIES." Bulletin of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv Economics, no. 180 (2016): 42–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/1728-2667.2016/180-3/7.

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23

Rubtsova, N. "ASSESSMENT OF ACTIVITY OF INSURANCE INTERMEDIAR-IES IN THE INSURANCE MARKET OF UKRAINE." Scientific papers OF DMYTRO MOTORNYI TAVRIA STATE AGROTECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY (ECONOMIC SCIENCES) 42 (2020): 128–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.31388/2519-884x-2020-42-128-136.

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Tsvetkova, Liudmila. "Financial Intermediary and Insurance Companies: Assessing Financial Stability." Montenegrin Journal of Economics 15, no. 3 (September 15, 2019): 189–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.14254/1800-5845/2019.15-3.14.

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25

Sarjono, Bayu. "Total Benchmarking Sebagai Alat Menilai Kewajaran Laporan Keuangan Dan Pemenuhan Kewajiban Perpajakan." AKRUAL: Jurnal Akuntansi 6, no. 1 (October 1, 2014): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.26740/jaj.v6n1.p1-16.

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AbstractThe objective of this research is to provide empirical evidence on the utilization of total benchmarking ratio as a mean to assess the fairness of financial statement and the fulfilment of tax obligation in financial intermediaries sector. Variables to be tested in this research are 14 ratio of benchmarking total consist of: Gross Profit Margin (GPM), Operating Profit Margin (OPM), Pretax Profit Margin (PPM), Corporate Tax to Turn Over Ratio (CTTOR), Net Profit Margin (NPM), Dividend Payout Ratio (DPR), Value-added Tax Ratio (pn), Salary/Sales Ration (g), Interest/Sales Ratio (b), Rent/Sales Ratio (s), Depreciation/Sales Ratio (py), Outside-business Revenue/Sales Ratio (pl), Outside-business Cost/ Sales (bl), Other-input/Sales Ratio (x). This research incorporates financial intermediaries sector because it has contributed to the 5 largest tax revenue in last 5 years. The research method used is descriptive qualitative method by calculating ratios then compare them to the benchmark set by the Directorate General of Taxes. The sample of this research is Business Field Classification (Klasifikasi Lapangan Usaha) in the financial intermediary sector: foreign exchange banks, insurance and consumer financing companies. The type of data used is secondary data, that is audited financial statements gathered form ICMD. The research results show that the largest ratio difference for foreign exchange banks and insurance companies is at interest expense; however, the largest ratio difference for consumer financing is at outside-business Costs.

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Kudriavska, Nataliia. "THE MODEL OF INTERACTION BETWEEN INSURANCE INTERMEDIARIES AND INSURANCE COMPANIES IN THE ASSURANCE OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF THE INSURANCE MARKET." Baltic Journal of Economic Studies 3, no. 1 (2017): 58–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.30525/2256-0742/2017-3-1-58-63.

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27

Wu, Shuang, and Yi Li. "Impact of the Business Structure on Solvency of Property-Liability Insurance Companies and Its Mediating Effect." Discrete Dynamics in Nature and Society 2021 (August 9, 2021): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/5457846.

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It is an important objective for insurers to optimize their business structures to prevent business risks. This paper examines the solvency risk management in property-liability insurance companies from the perspective of business structure optimization. We construct a logical framework to explain the impact of the business structure on solvency through profitability and reinsurance behavior of property-liability insurance companies. By constructing a mediating effect model, we tested 35 Chinese-funded property-liability insurance companies and 18 foreign-funded property-liability insurance companies in China’s insurance market from 2009 to 2015. Two major results were found as follows: first, the impact of the business structure on solvency is positively significant in small Chinese-funded insurance companies as well as foreign-funded insurance companies, while it is insignificant in large Chinese-funded insurance companies. Second, the mediating effect test shows that the intermediary channel of profitability does not exist, while the intermediary channel of reinsurance exists, and the reinsurance fully mediated the relationship between business structure and solvency only in foreign-funded insurance companies. Therefore, we suggest that small Chinese-funded insurance companies should actively develop nonauto insurance and improve the risk diversification effect of the diversified business structure. On the contrary, foreign-funded insurance companies should give play to their differentiated advantages and continue to concentrate on the operation of nonauto insurance in China’s insurance market. Besides, the above two types of companies should attach more importance to the positive role of reinsurance in solvency risk management in their business development strategies.

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Sholoiko, A. "EUROPEAN VECTOR OF DEVELOPMENT OF NON-INSURANCE INTERMEDIARIES IN UKRAINE." Bulletin of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv Economics, no. 194 (2017): 66–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/1728-2667.2017/194-5/10.

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Peng, Jin Lung, Lih Ru Chen, Jennifer L. Wang, and Larry Y. Tzeng. "Diversification Versus Strategic Focus: Evidence from Insurance Intermediaries in Taiwan." Geneva Papers on Risk and Insurance - Issues and Practice 42, no. 3 (March 10, 2017): 530–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/s41288-017-0045-4.

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30

Bouwman, H., Hugo Ter Doest, and Patrick Van Der Duin. "Developing new business models for intermediaries in the insurance sector." International Journal of Management Practice 3, no. 3 (2009): 263. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijmp.2009.022510.

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Adams, Michael, Lars Fredrik Andersson, Magnus Lindmark, and Elena Veprauskaite. "Competing Models of Organizational Form: Risk Management Strategies and Underwriting Profitability in the Swedish Fire Insurance Market Between 1903 and 1939." Journal of Economic History 72, no. 4 (December 14, 2012): 990–1014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022050712000666.

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Mutual and stock insurers have coexisted and competed against each other in insurance markets for centuries. In this article, we examine the risk management strategies and underwriting profitability of the different organizational forms in Sweden's property fire insurance market between 1903 and 1939. We demonstrate that stock insurers acted as intermediaries between policyholders and reinsurers to operate effectively in the potentially high-risk segments of the fire insurance market. In contrast, nationwide mutual insurers kept larger reserves to balance fluctuations in claims experiences, while local insurance pools relied on social obligation and trust to mobilize capital after adverse fire events.

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Bukhtiarova, Alina, Andrii Semenog, Yevgeniya Mordan, Viktoriia Kremen, and Yevgen Balatskyi. "Modeling the dynamic patterns of banking and non-banking financial intermediaries’ performance." Banks and Bank Systems 17, no. 1 (February 10, 2022): 49–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/bbs.17(1).2022.05.

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Nowadays, there are many preconditions and circumstances for conducting shadow schemes in the financial market. Therefore, the level of risk of participation of bank and non-bank financial intermediaries in such schemes is assessed as high. The lack of a practical methodology for assessing the development trajectory of financial intermediaries raises the question of the need for preventive control and quality modeling of their growth dynamics. The study aims to identify and formalize the patterns of development paths of banking and non-banking financial intermediaries based on the Harrington desirability function, which will be used to identify risk patterns as indicative patterns of financial intermediaries’ participation in shadow schemes. The sample includes 13 banking institutions, 3 credit unions, 3 pawnshops, 3 insurance companies, and 3 financial companies. The obtained results showed the relationship between the financial intermediary risk level in terms of its participation in shadow schemes and the phases of the economic cycle as a catalyst for the economic dynamics of the formal and informal economy. Thus, in 2012–2015, most financial intermediaries were in the zone of most significant risk, especially banks, characterized by economic, social, and political instability. Today, banks are in the group with a controlled level of risk of participation in scheme operations. Over the years analyzed, a stable neutral level of risk of participation in shadow schemes was inherent in most non-bank financial institutions. They were less sensitive than banks to the phases of the economic cycle. AcknowledgmentAlina Bukhtiarova and Yevgeniya Mordan gratefully acknowledge financial support from the Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine (0120U100473, 0121U100469).

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Ahmad Mokhtar, Hamim Syahrum, Izwayu Abdul Aziz, and Noraziyah Md Hilal. "Corporate demand for general takāful in Malaysia." ISRA International Journal of Islamic Finance 9, no. 2 (December 4, 2017): 164–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijif-08-2017-0024.

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Purpose This study on corporate demand for general takāful (Islamic insurance) aims to identify potential growth areas and areas for improvement in takāful business practices in Malaysia. Design/methodology/approach A survey on corporates’ protection needs, takāful/insurance coverage obtained and awareness on takāful/insurance was conducted for this paper. Findings The findings from the survey are as follows: There is potential for takāful operators to further penetrate the corporate sector, as the majority of respondents indicated willingness to spend on takāful/insurance. Emphasis on takāful value propositions apart from its Sharīʿah compliance status is needed to attract corporates, as respondents were found to be indifferent on Sharīʿah compliance status of their protection. Strong market presence, expanded product offerings and efficient services were key determinants to attract takāful subscription. Respondents’ heavy reliance on intermediaries warrants strong collaboration with intermediaries to widen market outreach. The small and medium enterprises segment appeared promising, as it is found to be underserved despite having higher propensity to obtain takāful/insurance coverage compared to the overall respondents. Research limitations/implications This study is limited to Malaysia’s experience. The findings are indicative (though they may not be conclusive) of the target segment as well as the takāful industry as a whole. Originality/value The insights on respondents’ considerations when obtaining takāful/insurance coverage and the correlation of these factors with respondents’ characteristics can assist takāful/insurance providers in structuring products and business strategies to better serve this market segment. The paper may also aid discussions among researchers and regulators on areas for further development of the industry.

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Miao, Yi, Wei Xu, Lei Fan, and Jianyong Li. "Association of Insurance Status and Marital Status with Outcomes of Patients with Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia: A Population-Based Study." Blood 134, Supplement_1 (November 13, 2019): 5459. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2019-127756.

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Introduction: Socioeconomic factors including insurance and marital status have impacts on the outcomes of cancer patients. Until now, there are few data regarding whether insurance status and marital status have effects on the outcomes of patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). In this study, the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database was used to evaluate the prognostic roles of insurance and marital status in patients with CLL. Methods: Data from the SEER 18 Registries were used to conduct this study. Cases with newly-diagnosed CLL/small lymphocytic lymphoma (CLL/SLL) (International Classification of Diseases for Oncology, 3rd Edition [ICDO-3] codes 9823) in the time period between 2008 and 2015 were included. Exclusion criteria included history of cancer, unknown insurance status, unknown marital status, unknown survival data, unknown cause of death and survival months documented as 0. For each case we included age at the time of diagnosis, sex, marital status (married, divorced, single, widowed, unmarried or domestic partner, or separated), insurance status (Medicaid, insured, or uninsured), SEER cause-specific death classification, survival months and vital status. Survival curves were plotted by the Kaplan-Meier method and the log-rank test was used for comparison. P value was 2-sided and P<0.05 was considered to be statistically significant. All analyses were conducted using Graphpad Prism 6. Results: Atotal of 23,611 patients with CLL/SLL were included into the current analysis. The median follow-up was 34 months. We found that insurance status (uninsured or Medicaid) was significantly associated with decreased cancer-specific survival (CSS) (hazards ratio[HR]: 1.378, 95% confidence interval [CI]:1.251-1.664, P<0.0001) and overall survival (OS) (HR: 1.413, 95%CI:1.357-1.645, P<0.0001) (Figure 1A-B). Marital status (other than married) was also associated with decreased CSS (HR: 1.692, 95%CI:1.604-1.898, P<0.0001) and OS (HR: 1.791, 95%CI:1.757-1.968, P<0.0001) (Figure 1C-D). We then developed a prognostic index incorporating insurance status, marital status, and the well-known prognostic factor age (age≥65), with each risk factor being assigned 1 point. Four risk groups were generated: low (0), low-intermediate (1), high-intermediate (2), and high (3). The 5-year CSS rates for patients in low-risk, low-intermediate-risk, high-intermediate-risk, and high-risk subgroups were 94.2%, 85.8%, 77.7%, and 67.0%, respectively (P<0.0001) (Figure 1E). And the 5-year OS rates for patients in low-risk, low-intermediate-risk, high-intermediate-risk, and high-risk subgroups were 90.8%, 71.3 %, 55.7%, and 41.5%, respectively (Figure 1F) (P<0.0001). Conclusion: Insurance status and marital status have significant impacts on survival outcomes of patients with CLL/SLL. A 3-points prognostic index comprising insurance status, marital status and age could be used for risk stratification for patients with CLL/SLL. Figure 1 Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

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Dominique-Ferreira, Sérgio, Helder Vasconcelos, and João F. Proença. "Determinants of customer price sensitivity: an empirical analysis." Journal of Services Marketing 30, no. 3 (May 9, 2016): 327–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jsm-12-2014-0409.

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Purpose Consumer price sensitivity has become a major issue over the past few decades. This paper aims to investigate the importance that insurance customers give to premiums, insurers, intermediary recommendations and bundling strategies. The relationship between attributes and consumer price sensitivity is also studied. Design/methodology/approach To calculate the importance of attributes and part-worth utilities, a Conjoint Analysis with Full Profile was performed. To segment the market, a two-stage cluster analysis was performed. The traditional formula for estimating price elasticity of demand was also used. Findings Price sensitivity is affected by the level of purchase involvement, bundled discounts and brand loyalty. Also, brand loyalty has a strong influence on customer acceptance of bundled discounts. Price bundling increases a firm’s revenues and profits. Research limitations/implications The size of the sample of the second stage of the research could be higher. It would also be interesting to have the collaboration of an actuary to carry out more precise analysis of premium estimation of bundling strategies and to study the ideal number of products that would compose the bundling strategy. Moreover, it could be relevant to consider life insurance products as part of the bundling strategy. It would also be interesting to study whether there is any benefit in applying the bundle discount to the anchor product instead of applying it to the accessory product. Practical implications Insurers and intermediaries can benefit from price bundling strategies to increase sales and profit. Originality/value The study contributes to the service marketing literature and marketing of the insurance sector by providing empirical evidence of the impact of price bundling on insurance customer sensitivity, with the use of a methodological and experimental approach.

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Obeid, Hassan. "Bank-Insurance Integration Level In Ukraine: Science-Methodological Approach." Journal of Applied Business Research (JABR) 31, no. 6 (October 28, 2015): 2253. http://dx.doi.org/10.19030/jabr.v31i6.9481.

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The methodological approach to the assessment of bank-insurance integration (BII) level in Ukraine based on the calculation of integration index using of binary characteristics and matrix analyses instruments is given in the following paper. The proposed approach considers the presence of part (full) integration of bank capital and insurance companies, and the connection between these financial intermediaries in spheres of life and risk insurance in terms of the absence of their mutual participation in capital (bancassurance). Our findings evidence a low value of BII level in Ukraine during 2002-2013 in conditions of the gradual integration processes’ acceleration and the appearance of new innovative forms of bank-insurance cooperation.

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Rejesus, Roderick M., Bertis B. Little, Ashley C. Lovell, Mike Cross, and Michael Shucking. "Patterns of Collusion in the U.S. Crop Insurance Program: An Empirical Analysis." Journal of Agricultural and Applied Economics 36, no. 2 (August 2004): 449–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1074070800026730.

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This article analyzes anomalous patterns of agent, adjuster, and producer claim outcomes and determines the most likely pattern of collusion that is suggestive of fraud, waste, and abuse in the federal crop insurance program. Log–linear analysis of Poisson-distributed counts of anomalous entities is used to examine potential patterns of collusion. The most likely pattern of collusion present in the crop insurance program is where agents, adjusters, and producers nonrecursively interact with each other to coordinate their behavior. However, if a priori an intermediary is known to initiate and coordinate the collusion, a pattern where the producer acts as the intermediary is the most likely pattern of collusion evidenced in the data. These results have important implications for insurance program design and compliance.

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Borysiuk, Olena, Tеtiana Shmatkovskaya, and Maria Datsyuk-Tomchuk. "PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS OF UKRAINIAN INSURANCE MARKET DEVELOPMENT IN MODERN CONDITIONS." Economic journal of Lesya Ukrainka Volyn National University 2, no. 26 (June 30, 2021): 71–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.29038/2786-4618-2021-02-71-78.

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Annotation. Imperfect insurance legislation, lack of proper regulation and supervision of the activities and market behavior of insurance companies and intermediaries have led to the accumulation of systemic problems that need to be solved immediately in order to intensify the development of the insurance market of Ukraine. In general, all of them lead to low confidence in the companies of the insurance sector and do not allow it to develop properly. In modern conditions, the market of insurance services goes through a stage of transformation in the field of supervision and regulation in connection with the change of regulator, which became a new structural unit of the NBU – the Department of Insurance Market Supervision. Therefore, it is important to investigate what innovations the new regulator will introduce in order to eliminate those problems that hinder its development.

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Orlicki, Marcin. "Insurance law in Poland." Pravovedenie 65, no. 3 (2021): 254–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.21638/spbu25.2021.301.

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In recent years Polish insurance law has undergone a series of rapid changes. The key driving force behind these changes has been the need to adapt national legal regulations to requirements of Community law. Consumer pressure has also been a powerful influence, as a result of which insurance services are gradually becoming more customer-friendly. Polish laws on insurance contracts have been developing primarily in the following directions: strengthening the position of insurance service customers, creating dedicated regulations for group insurance, extending the scope of compulsory insurance, ensuring full compensation for traffic accident damages, and regulation of insurance distribution business (including insurance intermediaries). This article discusses basic issues of insurance law under the Polish legal system and general trends in its development, especially as regards adapting national regulations to requirements of European Union, the strengthening of the position of the customers buying insurance services, creation of regulations dedicated for group insurance, and extending the scope of compulsory insurance and ensuring full compensation for traffic accident damages. In particular, the article addresses issues of insurance contracts, protection of clients of insurance services (favoring customers concluding and delivery of insurance contracts), compulsory insurance, insurance concluded on behalf of a third party, group insurance, and new rules of insurance distribution in European and Polish law. The article indicates the main legislative acts of the Polish insurance law and the most important decisions and resolutions of the Polish Supreme Court.

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Pena, Nuno, and Pedro Isaías. "Assessing the Effectiveness of an E-Learning Framework." Journal of Cases on Information Technology 15, no. 1 (January 2013): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jcit.2013010101.

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Effectiveness, a major concern in corporate e-Learning, is particularly decisive when projects face financial as well as time-to-market constraints. They are also important when projects target a range of attendees that are socio-demographically and geographically dispersed. This paper describes the case study about the assessment of the effectiveness of IPTEACES framework, a new instructional design Framework. This framework designated, as the name says, as IPTEACES, was conceived to facilitate e-Learning by reducing diversity in programmes facing a non-homogeneous audience, and it was applied to the insurance intermediaries’ certification course in Portugal. These intermediaries came from sixteen different corporations related to the insurance and the banking industry.

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Tokareva, E. A. "FEARURES AND PROBLEMS OF NATURAL HAZARDS INSURANCE MARKET." MGIMO Review of International Relations, no. 6(33) (December 28, 2013): 127–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.24833/2071-8160-2013-6-33-127-133.

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The article deals with characteristics and problems of world natural hazards insurance market. Special attention in this article is paid to activity of direct and indirect participants of the market: policy holders, insurance intermediaries, insurers, reinsurers, companies of construction industry and real estate, banks and other financial institutions, investors, rating agencies, Government. The article underlines the importance of adequate natural hazard risks assessment. The article describes factors that influence demand and supply aspects on the market. The supply is constrained by insurer’s and reinsurer’s capacity and the willingness of investors to finance natural hazard insurance market. Low interest of potential policy holders to buy natural hazard insurance is explained mainly by practice of post-disaster government relief programs. As insurance component increases in natural disaster compensation schemes, moral hazard decreases, but adverse selection goes up.

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Boileau, Wadnerson. "Turning the Disruptive Power of Blockchain in the Insurance Market into Innovative Opportunities." International Journal of Network Security & Its Applications 14, no. 6 (November 30, 2022): 01–07. http://dx.doi.org/10.5121/ijnsa.2022.14601.

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Insurance has been around for more than centuries. This risk mitigation strategy has been utilized in maritime commerce as early thousand years ago, where Asian merchant seafarers were pooling together their wares in collective funds to pay for damages of individual’s capsized ship. In 2018, insurance industry made up 6% of global domestic product, and amounted to about 7-9% of the U.S.GDP;2020, the industry net premiums totalled $1.28 trillion, by 2030, blockchain insurance market value is estimated to reach $39.5 Billion. Despite of growing reform, the insurance market is dominated by intermediaries assisting people to match their insurance needs. While many predictions focused on artificial intelligence, cloud computing, blockchain stands out as the most disruptive technology that can change the driving forces underlying the global economy. This paper presents a blockchain business use case and how insurance market can turn disruptive power of this technology into innovative opportunities.

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Bahşi, Hayretdin, Ulrik Franke, and Even Langfeldt Friberg. "The cyber-insurance market in Norway." Information & Computer Security 28, no. 1 (October 18, 2019): 54–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ics-01-2019-0012.

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Purpose This paper aims to describe the cyber-insurance market in Norway but offers conclusions that are interesting to a wider audience. Design/methodology/approach The study is based on semi-structured interviews with supply-side actors: six general insurance companies, one marine insurance company and two insurance intermediaries. Findings The Norwegian cyber-insurance market supply-side has grown significantly in the past two years. The General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) is found to have had a modest effect on the market so far but has been used by the supply-side as an icebreaker to discuss cyber-insurance with customers. The NIS Directive has had little or no impact on the Norwegian cyber-insurance market until now. Informants also indicate that Norway is still the least mature of the four Nordic markets. Practical implications Some policy lessons for different stakeholders are identified. Originality/value Empirical investigation of cyber-insurance is still rare, and the paper offers original insights on market composition and actor motivations, ambiguity of coverage, the NIS Directive and GDPR.

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Tatarina, T. V. "Insurance Intermediaries in Ukraine: Functional Peculiarities, Problems and Prospects of Development." Business Inform 7, no. 510 (2020): 236–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.32983/2222-4459-2020-7-236-242.

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Kozhoridze, Ilia. "Impact of Covid-19 on Georgian Insurance System." Journal of Social Research and Behavioral Sciences 8, no. 15 (March 28, 2022): 97–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.52096/jsrbs.8.15.7.

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Insurance companies, as representatives of financial intermediaries, have an important role in stabilizing the country's financial system. In the context of the Covid-19 pandemic, great importance is attached to the effective financial and operational management of insurance companies, not only to ensure the sustainability of the financial system, but also their efficient operations are one of the main guarantees of the solvency of insurance companies. The Covid-19 pandemic revealed the weaknesses that existed in the global insurance system and provided us with important data to address potential problems in the future. The current pandemic has also accelerated existing digitization trends. Insurance companies will have to innovate and adapt as much as possible to the needs of consumers in order to withstand stiff competition. The aim of the research is to assess the impact of Covid-19 on insurance companies in Georgia, to identify its features, as well as to identify potential problems and develop recommendations for their elimination. The subject of research is the operational and financial functioning of insurance companies in the conditions of the Covid-19 pandemic, and the object of research is Georgian insurance companies. Keywords: Covid-19, Insurance industry, Georgian insurance system, Insurance companies. Jel Codes: G01, G22.

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Racheva, Desislava. "Analyzing Different Approaches to the Relations with the Insurance Intermediaries on the Non-Life Insurance Market in Bulgaria." Izvestia Journal of the Union of Scientists - Varna. Economic Sciences Series 9, no. 3 (2020): 117–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.36997/ijusv-ess/2020.9.3.117.

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Jana, Debabrata. "Role of Insurance Sector on Inclusive Growth in India." International Research Journal of Business Studies 13, no. 2 (August 20, 2020): 139–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.21632/irjbs.13.2.139-147.

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In the present era insurance sector plays a vital role in both developed and developing countries. Insurance markets working as a financial intermediary to contribute economic growth of the country as well as risk management more efficiently. The purpose of the study is to investigate the relationship between insurance sector development and economic growth in India. For this study, data has been collected only from the secondary sources for the period 2000 to 2019. To run linear regression, four variables are taken viz. GDP as a surrogate of economic growth and Real Premium Growth Rate, Total Investment in Insurance Sector and Insurance Claim. Finally, it can be suggested that more attention in the insurance market is to be paid so that proper economic growth will be possible in the developing country in India.

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Aryonindito, Said, Winwin Yadiati, and Sofik Handoyo. "Effect of Market Share and Firm Size on Efficiency and its Implications to Profitability of Sharia Insurance in Indonesia." Journal of Accounting Auditing and Business 3, no. 1 (February 3, 2020): 122. http://dx.doi.org/10.24198/jaab.v3i1.25911.

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Since Indonesia as a developing country which consists of 87.2% of Muslim citizens, sharia insurance plays an important role. However, this presence of sharia insurance does not show significant growth compared to Malaysia. This study aims to determine whether efficiency may serve as an intermediary variable in linking market share and company size to the profitability of Islamic insurance in Indonesia. It employs secondary data to collect data by involving 11 sharia insurance companies with 4 years ranging from the year 2014 to 2017. The collected data were analyzed through Path analysis and Sobel test with the DEA VRS as an indicator of efficiency. In analyzing the collected data, the Path equation has passed the classic assumption test. The findings reveal that the market share and company size have respectively significant positive and negative influences on efficiency. It indicates that market share is a variable that shows a significant positive effect on profitability compared to the other two variables. Whereas, the results of Sobel tests show that efficiency cannot serve as an intermediary in this research model

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Eckardt, Martina, and Solvig Räthke-Döppner. "The Quality of Insurance Intermediary Services-Empirical Evidence for Germany." Journal of Risk and Insurance 77, no. 3 (April 28, 2010): 667–701. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1539-6975.2010.01361.x.

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Russo, Simone, Francesco Caracciolo, and Cristina Salvioni. "Effects of Insurance Adoption and Risk Aversion on Agricultural Production and Technical Efficiency: A Panel Analysis for Italian Grape Growers." Economies 10, no. 1 (January 10, 2022): 20. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/economies10010020.

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This article aims to evaluate the effect of insurance on production, technical efficiency, and input use of Italian specialised-quality grape growers. A panel instrumental variable stochastic frontier approach is applied over the years 2008–2017 using data from the Farm Accountancy Data Network. The results show the requirement to correct for the endogeneity that stems from insurance adoption. Insurance has an enhancing effect on production and efficiency and reduces the use of intermediate inputs. It suggests that insurance helps to diminish the risk-averse farmers’ suboptimal input use due to the presence of uncertainty. Crop insurance leads risk-averse farmers to behave as if they were risk neutral and employs the profit-maximising input vector. Therefore, by reducing the risks linked to the uncertainty of outcomes, crop insurance leads grape growers to go in the direction of profit maximisation.

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