Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Institutional development of Australian visual arts sector"

A considerable decreasing number of visitors to artistic and cultural institutions, which in certain European countries has dropped 50%, the unfavourable demographic situation, receding public finances, the growing competitive ability of user-oriented, interactive entertainment industries, and the new technology sector, which is especially disturbing for artistic institutions in post-Soviet countries, where they are used to limit competition – these are the major issues that are forcing the decision makers of cultural politics to focus their attention on art audiences at the topmost institutional level. In the context of these transformations, the concept of audience development, denominated by Nobuko Kawashima “a conflicting term” almost two decades ago, is becoming even more complex. Placed at the centre of the political and financial agenda of the European Union (EU) by its cultural policy makers, it is, on the one hand, born out of the desire to place part of the financial burden of support for cultural institutions on the shoulders of the public, but on the other hand, it also signals the wish to shake up the passive European citizen, to activate his/her civic sense through artistic practices, or even to help “combat social exclusion”. The article focuses on the theoretical and practical implications as well as the effectiveness and limitations of various forms of audience development employed by publicly funded theatres in Lithuania. Empirical research is based on qualitative interviews with managers and art directors of Lithuanian theatre companies as well as focus group audience research. The larger questions about the possible outcomes of various audience development strategies – whether during these developments, Lithuanian theatres will become places of creative cooperation open to diverse audiences or simply fields of aggressive marketing – will be addressed as well.

The establishment of the national image repository hosted by the Visual Arts Data Service (VADS) at the University for the Creative Arts was an early pioneering effort in the 1990s to provide shared online access and preservation for digitised visual arts collections. Over the 15 years since the VADS image repository was first launched, and as the internet has rapidly expanded and transformed, the VADS team has also sought project funding to explore and address new themes and issues that have emerged within the arts education sector. Three of these recent collaborative endeavours are detailed in this article: the Kultur II Group which is supporting the development of institutional repositories in the arts; the Spot the Difference project which is researching the emergence and extent of a perceived ‘copy and paste’ culture; and the Look-Here! project, which has worked with ten partners to foster digitisation skills and strategies in the arts.

Growing development needs and requirements for mineral resources endorsed by the contemporary society reopen the issues of mineral resources finitude and effects that mineral industry imposes on the global scene. Mining is certainly among the activities which raise numerous environmental and social concerns being enhanced by continuous demand for new exploitation areas. Experience supports the need for continuous process of planning in the mining areas and development of extensive research, both fundamental and applied. With particular focus on spatial plans for the mining areas in Serbia, this paper addresses current mining regulatory framework and issue of harmonization between spatial plans for the mining areas with other pertinent strategic documents on environmental and social protection. Regardless they have been prescriptive or legally binding, fundamental principles of these strategic documents serve as guidance towards sustainable development in the mining sector under the new institutional, organization and economic settings.

Although history has frequently identified subsidised housing with economical popular housing, this paper reconsiders the role played by some public sector actors in the construction of housing for white collar workers in Italy in the 1950s and 1960s. The paper attempts a preliminary and brief account of the work of Incis (Istituto Nazionale per la Casa degli Impiegati dello Stato - national housing institute for state office workers) in Italy in the post-war period. It focuses in particular on the contribution of this institution to collective imagery, symbols and housing models - ranging from the urban scale to domestic interiors - and to the places where those models were formulated and transmitted, the result of a meeting of institutional programmes, professional cultures and the housing aspirations of public sector office workers.

This article explores the development and implementation of a new Doctor of Creative Arts program in a regional university. The experiences of key leadership staff and Doctor of Creative Arts candidates enrolled in the foundation year of the program are contextualised within the current landscape of practice-based arts research in the higher education sector. The process was shaped by the tension between financial imperatives and the possibilities, ambiguity and ambivalence inherent in the arts. The implementation of the Doctor of Creative Arts in 2016, the Chinese Year of the Fire Monkey with its emphasis on intelligent, flexible and creative leadership, was one that offered the most relevant metaphorical framework within which the challenges were best articulated and explored. The findings revealed significant institutional awareness of the new program’s potential to facilitate innovative, creative and traditional research outputs, the importance of communicating the value of creative practice-led research for artists and the university, and leadership and support throughout planning and implementation.

<p>Enrolments in higher education programs in the creative and performing arts are increasing in many countries. Yet graduates of these degrees, who enter the broad sector known as the creative industries, face particular challenges in terms of securing long-term and sustainable employment. In addition, creative and performing artists face a range of mental challenges, caused by such factors as: the solitary nature of much creative practice, critical feedback by audiences and gatekeepers, or the general pressures associated with maintaining artistic relevance or integrity. The concepts of resilience and professional wellbeing are therefore highly relevant to those who pursue a career in creative industries, and while there has been an emerging body of work in this area, to date it has focussed on the performing arts area (e.g. music, theatre). Hence, in order to expand knowledge relevant to resilience and artists, this paper sets out to explore the extent to which current educators in the Australian context specifically address these issues within higher visual arts curricula; specifically the areas of illustration, design, film and photography. This was achieved via interviews with seventeen current academics working in these areas. The findings propose that higher education providers of programs in the visual arts consider placing a stronger emphasis on the embedded development of resilience and professional wellbeing capacities.</p>

The article gives an insight into the theatre system of Estonia, the development of the system in the turmoil of history and the current situation in the 21st century. The first part of the article looks back at the period of 30 years: what happened with the Estonian theatre system when it moved from the Soviet occupation period into the Republic of Estonia. We show the developments in the funding system of theatres during the big changes in the socio-economic environment. We give an insight into how theatres are funded nowadays: how the funding of public and private theatres is connected with the quantitative (the number of premieres, performances and visits to the theatre) and qualitative (nominations, awards and artistic tendencies) results. The second part of the article is a case study. We introduce a new type of performing arts organization in the Nordic and Baltic countries – Vaba Lava (Open Space) in Tallinn, which is funded as a PPP (public private partnership) in cooperation between the private and the public sector. Vaba Lava offers an open platform to all private theatres and companies offering them both a stage for performing as well as support services. The core of the Vaba Lava programme is its International Curated Programme. Performances of the programme are selected by a team of curators, who announce an International Open Call. The projects are selected from the applications submitted to the competition. We show how this kind of theatre is adapting to the funding system and what kind of performance strategies and working practices have been developed. We analyse what are the main artistic ideas of the international programme that also gives voice to underprivileged people talking about socially relevant themes. The general research questions of the article are: how Estonian theatre has developed during the last decades and how it is adapting to the prevailing financial system? What kind of performance strategies and working practices have been developed and how do the economic conditions affect the artistic outcome?

In the technological sector, the first development stage of a product is known as ‘Alpha’ phase. The essay posits that techno-industrial culture and the production of technological art have been superimposed to the point where artists are often indistinguishable from commercial entities trying to sell the next hype-laden device. This is also true in the case of intangible on-line art, as market and institutional forces rematerialize net and other forms of screen-based art. The combination of hype and the temporal constraints of development and production result in a milieu where professed claims seldom live up to the final product. The cycle of promotion of the ‘Next Big Thing,’ whether art, data, or consumer object, outstrips any possibility for finished products to keep pace with expectations raised by the ‘Alpha’ and ‘Beta’ prerelease stages. The result is an inordinate degree of media attention focused on ideas that are barely out of conceptual stages or ‘Alpha Revision,’ so that conceptual artists of the informational milieu must become engaged in the high-speed production of concept proposals, or ‘Alpha Revisionist’ works.

In Australia a vibrant tradition of participatory and often politically motivated performance work developed under the term ‘community arts and cultural development’ across the 1980s, 1990s and early 2000s. In this body of practice, considerations of ethics are articulated through process, practices and representation rather than content. Though effective, community arts as it developed in Australia is often time, resource and emotionally intensive for artists, community participants and audiences. In recent years, retraction of funding, as well as shifts in practice towards live art, performance art and relational aesthetics have reduced the resources available for these once prominent practices. Practitioners are confronting challenges and needing to develop new ways of working in an operating environment where long-term consultation is not necessarily possible or preferred by stakeholders. In this article, we reflect on the current state of play for practitioners seeking to develop ethical dramaturgy in performance works that collaborate with communities to tell life stories or represent participants’ lived experiences in Australia. Through examples from our own practice, as practice-led researchers, we consider how work in this sector is under strain and experiencing scarcity, precarity and an increasing lack of access to institutional resources that have historically enabled ethically rigorous dramaturgical practices. We aim, through this process, to rediscover and rearticulate an ethical dramaturgy for deployment in the Australian environment as it exists today.

This article is an introduction to three contributions about research related to food and technology. The text introduces the reader to different forms of research from historical reflections, applied action research based on new technologies, and artistic speculations. The author places these different research approaches in the context of the Dutch scientific and higher vocational education, focussing particularly on art academies.<br/> This edition of APRIA considers to what extent art research can contribute to our relationship with food. This immediately raises the question of the defining nature of art research. For some time now, Dutch arts education has been pondering how art or artistic research relates to academic research in universities. The desire of Dutch art academies to present themselves as fully fledged research institutes, preferably with a third level of graduate research, is closely related to their status within the higher professional education sector and to their own history. Owing to their orientation towards professional education, Dutch higher vocational education institutes have focussed on practice-based research since the introduction of research groups in 2002. In most cases, that means that these institutions utilise existing scientific and technological know-how for innovations intended to have an economic or societal impact in close collaboration with businesses and public agencies. So-called 'fundamental knowledge development' is seen as the exclusive preserve of universities.<br/> However, arts education in the form of an institute where students learn how to produce art has no counterpart within university education in the Netherlands. Moreover, the history of visual arts education reveals that its origins and rationale reside in large part in theorising about and reflecting on artistic production that occurs inside and outside the walls of the academy. Fundamental knowledge development relating to artistic production should, therefore, logically take place within arts education. Thus, in the Netherlands, the answer to the question as to the precise nature of art research is strongly influenced by institutional, political, and, as a result, financial interests. In my opinion and based on practical experiences, the academies of art have more in common with the curious and critical driven nature of academic education, and less with the strong focus on a specific field of a métier that still dominates the higher vocational education profile.

The significance of the Mildura Sculpture Triennials from 1961 to 1978 lies in their role as critical nodal points in an expanding and increasingly complex system of institutions and agents that emerge, expand and interact within the Australian art world. These triennial events provide a valuable case-study of the developments in sculptural practice in Australia and offer a close reading of the genesis of an autonomous field of visual art practice; a genesis dependent upon the expansion of the new tertiary education policies for universities and colleges of advanced education that arose in response to the generational pressure created by the post war baby boom. Given that there was virtually no market for modern sculpture in Australia at the inauguration of these triennials in the 1960s, the extent of the impact of the pressures and expectations of a burgeoning young population upon tertiary education, specifically the art schools, art history departments and art teacher training and, the expanding desire for cultural fulfilment and rapid developments in the cultural institution sector, is delineated at these triennial events. The expansion of the education system and the consequent expanded employment opportunities this offered to young sculptors in the late 1960s and throughout the 1970s, posited the first real challenge and alternative economy to the existing heterogeneous market economy for artistic works. In order to reinscribe the Mildura Sculpture Triennials into recent Australian art history as an important contributor to the institutional development of Australian contemporary art practice, I have drawn upon the reflexive methodological framework of French cultural theorist and sociologist Pierre Bourdieu and his explanation of the factors necessary for the genesis and development of autonomous fields of cultural production. Bourdieu's method provides an interpretative framework with which to identify these components necessary to the development of an institutional identity - the visual arts profession. This autonomous field parallels, conflicts with and at times connects with the heterogeneous art market economy, depending on the strength of its relative autonomy from the field of economic and political power. However, this is beyond the scope of this thesis. Mildura's significance lies in the way that the triennial gatherings provide a view into the disparate components that would connect to and eventually create an autonomous field of artistic production, that of the visual arts profession. However, the evolution of each of the components, which were the bedrock of Mildura, was driven by its own needs and necessities and not by the needs of the larger field of which they would eventually become a part. Bourdieu's understanding of the ontologic complicitiy between dispositions and the development of an autonomous field offers a non-teleological approach to the significance of Mildura as a site to map these rapid changes and also Mildura's subsequent displacement from the historical record.

The Sunshine Coast (unless otherwise specified, Sunshine Coast refers to the region which includes both Sunshine Coast and Noosa council areas) is a classic regional hotspot. In many respects, the Sunshine Coast has assets that make it the “Goldilocks” of Queensland hotspots: “the agility of the region and our collaborative nature is facilitated by the fact that we're not too big, not too small - 330,000 people” (Paddenburg, 2019); “We are in that perfect little bubble of just right of about everything” (Erbacher 2019). The Sunshine Coast has one of the fastest-growing economies in Australia. Its population is booming and its local governments are working together to establish world-class communications, transport and health infrastructure, while maintaining the integrity of the region’s much-lauded environment and lifestyle. As a result, the Sunshine Coast Council is regarded as a pioneer on smart city initiatives, while Noosa Shire Council has built a reputation for prioritising sustainable development. The region’s creative economy is growing at a faster rate that of the rest of the economy—in terms of job growth, earnings, incomes and business registrations. These gains, however, are not spread uniformly. Creative Services (that is, the advertising and marketing, architecture and design, and software and digital content sectors) are flourishing, while Cultural Production (music and performing arts, publishing and visual arts) is variable, with visual and performing arts growing while film, television and radio and publishing have low or no growth. The spirit of entrepreneurialism amongst many creatives in the Sunshine Coast was similar to what we witnessed in other hotspots: a spirit of not necessarily relying on institutions, seeking out alternative income sources, and leveraging networks. How public agencies can better harness that energy and entrepreneurialism could be a focus for ongoing strategy. There does seem to be a lower level of arts and culture funding going into the Sunshine Coast from governments than its population base and cultural and creative energy might suggest. Federal and state arts funding programs are under-delivering to the Sunshine Coast.