Статті в журналах: "Institute of hiring labourers"

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Bernotavicz, Freda, and Amy Locke. "Hiring Child Welfare Caseworkers." Public Personnel Management 29, no. 1 (March 2000): 33–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/009102600002900103.

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When this study was conducted, both authors were on the staff of the Maine Child Welfare Training Institute. The Institute is a collaborative program of the Edmund S. Muskie School of Public Service at the University of Southern Maine and the Maine Department of Human Services.

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Nogalski, Bogdan, and Rafał Tyburcy. "Acqui-Hiring as a Method of Minimization of the Competence Gap." Kwartalnik Ekonomistów i Menedżerów 51, no. 1 (March 15, 2019): 57–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0013.2343.

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The number of company acquisitions in recent years has been increasing every year (Institute for Mergers, Acquisitions and Alliances, IMAA). At the same time, as research and analysis show, it is increasingly difficult to obtain employees for the organization. According to Manpower in 2016 as many as 40% of all respondents in the world declared problems in finding employees, while in 2014 there were 36% of them. There is also an increase in the value of the valuation of intangible assets. As a result of these activities, an increasingly common phenomenon of acquiring key resources to the company appeared by buying a company to acquire high-skilled employees, called acqui-hiring. The article characterizes the phenomenon on the example of global and national experience of enterprises and shows future challenges.

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Fix, Michael, and Frank D. Bean. "The Findings and Policy Implications of the GAO Report and the Urban Institute Hiring Audit." International Migration Review 24, no. 4 (1990): 816. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2546210.

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Fix, Michael, and Frank D. Bean. "The Findings and Policy Implications of the GAO Report and the Urban Institute Hiring Audit." International Migration Review 24, no. 4 (December 1990): 816–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/019791839002400409.

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Hsu, Nina S., K. Paul Rezai-zadeh, Michael S. Tennekoon, and Stephen J. Korn. "Myths and facts about getting an academic faculty position in neuroscience." Science Advances 7, no. 35 (August 2021): eabj2604. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.abj2604.

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We at the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke routinely receive questions and statements from trainees and faculty that suggest widespread beliefs about the necessity of a National Institutes of Health K99/R00 award, other prior funding, and/or specific types of publications for obtaining one’s first tenure-track position in neuroscience. To address these beliefs, we examined the funding and publication history of a cohort of investigators who began their first academic faculty position between 2009 and 2019, and we interviewed several senior academic leaders with extensive experience in hiring new faculty. Our data show that <11% of newly hired faculty had a K99/R00 award and that neither prior funding nor papers in prestigious journals were necessary to obtain a tenure-track faculty position. Interviews with academic leaders almost uniformly referred to critically important factors that were considered to be more important in the hiring process than funding or publishing in high-profile journals.

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Dhillon, S. Singh, S. S. "Socio-economic analysis of lavender crop in Himachal Pradesh." Journal of Spices and Aromatic Crops 26, no. 1 (June 26, 2017): 63. http://dx.doi.org/10.25081/josac.2017.v26.i1.811.

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The data collected from 20 lavender growers of three blocks of Chamba district by personal interview using multi-stage purpose sampling technique. In lavender farms share of male labour was found to be more than female labour. Working as daily paid labourers followed by farming, service and business was the main occupation of adult family members. BCR (over total variable cost) as well as BCR (over total cost) was worked out as 3.170 and 0.642 respectively for lavender crop. Family labour income and net income measures per hectare were found to be negative for lavender crop. About 95% and 25% of selected lavender farmers’ responded positively regarding availability of good quality seed/seedlings and disease problem in seed/seedlings respectively, in the initial stage of sowing of lavender crop. Besides, 90% responded that cost of marketing of produce was high, all the respondents were hiring transport to market the produce. Likewise, 65% responded that there is lack of cheap credit from banks for lavender farming. The lack of profitability indicates the need to strengthen R&D work, extension services, training of farmers, establishment of cold storage facilities, and co-operatives farming societies for enhancing prospects of lavender farming.

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Gárdos, Judit. "Jak ułożyć puzzle? Badania nad kulturą węgierskich robotników z połowy lat siedemdziesiątych XX wieku i kilka zagadnień epistemologicznych." Kultura i Społeczeństwo 59, no. 3 (August 11, 2015): 113–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.35757/kis.2015.59.3.5.

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The text contains information about The Voices of the 20th Century Archive and Research Group, a department created in 2009 in the Institute of Sociology of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences. The archive is a collection of data from historical—and sometimes forgotten—qualitative research. The Group attempts to complete the information and protect it from destruction. For example, in regard to research into labourers’ life styles in the 1970s, the author shows how difﬁcult it is after years to create a cohesive whole from the scattered materials. She likens the task to putting together a puzzle. She points to the possible advantages of reusing the material, as well as the limitations a contemporary researcher encounters in attempting to make sense of it.

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Mendez, Ricardo Salvador Castro, Aurora Serrato Rivera, and César Francisco Guerrero Sandoval. "Tools and methods for decision support." South Florida Journal of Development 3, no. 1 (January 21, 2022): 558–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.46932/sfjdv3n1-041.

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The Instituto Tecnologico de Ensenada (Ensenada Technological Institute), as provider of higher education, must face at least two perspectives for the community: on one hand, graduates from the high school are looking careers as tagged as interested for them; but on the other hand, in the future they should have a hiring panorama (labor force requested in the region). The present work provides an analysis perspective from a probabilistic point of view using Markov matrices, to study whether there is a possible future congruence point which would indicate which is (are) the career(s) that university should bet as "safe". Namely, according with the historical data of new student’s vs graduates and considering that every semester involves costs offer a career that has a major probability that students do not continuous with their studies; knowing this, will allow at school to redirect their resources to another career that has this possibility; i.e., continuity in their student’s and hiring probability. Additionally, this methodology may help to other universities in the region to make decisions that will influence in the future of the entity.

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Senapathi, Pradeep, Hemant Kumar, Shama Kamath, Nischitha S., Mahesh V., and Pradyumna Bhandary. "A study on the pattern of skin diseases among migrant labourers visiting a teaching hospital." International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health 5, no. 8 (July 23, 2018): 3600. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20183106.

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Background: Skin diseases are quite common among migrant workers, yet little research has been done to determine their prevalence and risk factors. Poor living conditions, over-crowding, low standards of personal hygiene and environmental sanitation make them even more vulnerable. The objective of the study was to assess the prevalence and pattern of skin infections among migrant labourers and their relationship with selected socio-demographic factors.Methods: A hospital based cross sectional study was carried out among 300 temporary migrants visiting dermatology OPD of A.J. Institute of Medical Sciences teaching hospital. The duration of study was two months. All patients were diagnosed clinically by qualified dermatologists and supported by relevant investigations.Results: Most of the migrants were males (62%) while remaining (38%) were females. Majority of the migrants (42.3%) belonged to 20-40 years age group. Infectious skin diseases were found among 64.3% of the study subjects while 34.7% of them had non-infectious skin diseases. The lesions were mainly over head and neck (23.3%) followed by abdomen (23%), upper limbs (21.3%) and lower limbs (21.3%).Conclusions: The study revealed a high prevalence of infectious skin diseases among the migrant workers.

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Brohan, Elaine, Claire Henderson, Kirsty Little, and Graham Thornicroft. "Employees with mental health problems: Survey of UK employers' knowledge, attitudes and workplace practices." Epidemiology and Psychiatric Sciences 19, no. 4 (December 2010): 326–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1121189x0000066x.

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SUMMARYAim– To investigate whether employers who have experience of hiring people with mental health problems differ significantly from those without such experience in terms of knowledge, attitudes and behaviours regarding mental health in the workplace, and the concerns which they report about employing people with mental health problems. We also examine whether non-workplace social contact is associated with the above variables.Methods– A telephone survey was conducted with a randomly selected sample of British employers. The sample included a similar number of human resource managers and managers/executive employees in other roles.Results– 502 employers took part. Having employed someone with a mental health problem was associated with closer non-workplace social contact. Those with experience of employing applicants with mental health problems had significant differences in knowledge (regarding the law), and behaviour (having a policy on hiring applicants with disabilities) but not in attitudes.Conclusions– Non-workplace social contact may be useful to consider in understanding hiring practices. The nature of social contact at work and possible lack of impact of this contact on employer attitudes and concerns warrants further study. Greater support is needed for employers to understand the law regarding mental health problems in the workplace.Declaration of Interest:The study was part funded by Big Lottery and Comic Relief through their funding of the Time to Change programme. The study was also supported by the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) applied programme grant awarded to the South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust. The authors report no conflict of interest in the preparation of this manuscript.

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11

Altorki, Soraya. "Taking stock: wither the social sciences in Gulf universities†." Contemporary Arab Affairs 6, no. 2 (April 1, 2013): 237–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17550912.2013.779452.

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This paper investigates the status of social science in the universities of the Gulf states. It tries to identify what is taught and to suggest why. It examines the positives, which include the construction of buildings, the effort to institute diversity in hiring faculty, and the institution of faculty exchange programmes. The negatives include state interference in curricula, the failure to establish courses in the philosophy of science and the philosophy of the social sciences, rote learning, and excessive deference to the needs of the market in structuring an academic programme, with a consequent stress on market economics, management and business administration at the expense of the social sciences.

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Daviron, Benoit. "Mobilizing labour in African agriculture: the role of the International Colonial Institute in the elaboration of a standard of colonial administration, 1895–1930." Journal of Global History 5, no. 3 (October 27, 2010): 479–501. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1740022810000239.

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AbstractHow could labour be mobilized for the production of agricultural commodities in colonial lands? This question was discussed by European powers on many occasions between 1895 and 1930, within the International Colonial Institute (ICI). Three key phases and issues can be identified in these debates relating to Africa: the recruitment of Indian indentured labour (1895–1905); the recruitment and management of indigenous peoples as paid labourers (1905–1918); and the mobilization of indigenous smallholder agriculture (1918–1930). During the whole period under study, the use of constraint, and its legitimacy, appear as a permanent feature of ICI debates. Associated first with European plantations, the use of force became a means to mobilize native farmers in accordance with the conceptions of colonial administrations regarding good agricultural practices. In addition, the ICI’s vision of colonial realities evolved from an out-of-date position during the first and second phases to a forward-looking one during the third phase, albeit one quite unrealistic in the scope of its ambition.

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Fauzi, Muhammad Ashraf, Christine Tan Nya-Ling, Ramayah Thurasamy, and Adedapo Oluwaseyi Ojo. "An integrative model of knowledge sharing in Malaysian Higher Learning Institute." Kybernetes 47, no. 5 (May 8, 2018): 1031–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/k-10-2017-0388.

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Purpose This paper aims to understand the factors that can determine the knowledge sharing (KS) intention and behaviour of academics in Malaysian higher learning institutes (HLIs), thus affecting academics research productivity. Design/methodology/approach The study’s respondents were 525 academics from public and private HLI in Malaysia. This study adapts theory of planned behaviour (TPB) and social capital theory (SCT) to determine academics KS intention and behaviour of academics and the factors that can influence along the KS process. Findings Results indicate that among the factors of academics KS behaviour, there are two factors that are not significant, commitment and perceived cost, while the rest showed significant results. The strongest factors are management support and social media use among academics. The result also shows that academics intention to share is explained by 62.1 per cent of the variance, while academics KS behaviour is explained by 47.1 per cent of the variance. Research limitations/implications This study shows the high intention and behaviour of sharing among Malaysian academics and suggests that academics in this country are cautious and aware of the importance of knowledge for human capital and development of nation. Practical implications This paper facilitates university in hiring academics that support KS activities. Originality/value The integration of TPB and SCT in evaluating Malaysian academics KS behaviour can eventually affect the research productivity. Furthermore, addition of several variables, such as perceived cost, facilitating conditions make this study a holistic model to predict academic research performance.

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Shrestha, BP, SR Niraula, GP Khanal, NK Karn, P. Chaudhary, R. Rijal, and R. Maharjan. "Epidemiological study of back pain in the Teaching Districts of B.P.Koirala Institute of Health Sciences." Health Renaissance 10, no. 3 (December 4, 2012): 170–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/hren.v10i3.7130.

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Introduction: The prevalence of back pain is very high in the general population but little is known about the predictors of back pain in the general population. Though certain risk factors have been associated with back pain, these are mentioned in Western literature. It is not known how much of these hold true for a developing country like Nepal. Objective: To estimate the prevalence of back pain in the Teaching Districts of B.P.Koirala Institute of Health Sciences and to identify predictors of back pain in the community. Methods: Three hundred and fourteen persons of eighteen years and above were included in this crosssectional descriptive study conducted from January 2006 to December 2009 using pretested questionnaires. Results: The annual prevalence of back pain among males (67.9%) and females (74.3%) were similar (P>0.05) and the overall annual prevalence was 71%. The highest prevalence of back pain was found in the age group of 31-40 years. Age, marriage and occupation were related significantly to the occurrence of back pain. The total duration of back pain in one year was less than 15 days in 73%. The number of workdays lost was upto 5 in 81% of people with back pain. Conclusion: Back pain is a very common complaint among the adult population in the community. Population belonging to 31-50 age group, married status and farmers and labourers are more prone to have back pain. Gender, height and weight are not associated with back pain.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/hren.v10i3.7130 Health Renaissance; September-December 2012; Vol 10 (No.3);170-174

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Weaver, Caleb. "Borderlands Earth Care Youth Institute Restoration Work in the U.S./Mexico Borderlands." Air, Soil and Water Research 14 (January 2021): 117862212110159. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/11786221211015962.

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The Borderlands Earth Care Youth (BECY) Institute is an example of hands-on environmental education where high school students engage with restoration. BECY inspires and trains the next generation of land stewards by hiring borderland youth to restore their home watersheds. The 12-person youth crews, currently located in two rural communities just north of the U.S./Mexico border, are paid to implement hands-on restoration, utilizing science-based techniques, to return biodiversity to the landscape and urban binational communities. During its 8-year program, BECY interns have been hired to refill plummeting groundwater tables, stabilize dwindling native pollinator populations, revegetate barren landscapes, arrest erosion, link fragmented wildlife corridors, and support sustainable food systems. Each BECY crew is led by two young adults, ages 21 to 26, who are graduates of the program. Restoration projects are completed in collaboration with local conservation professionals working in careers accessible to local youth. Along with tiered near-peer mentorship, BECY crews develop leadership and team-building skills while learning critical concepts in watershed, ecosystem, and food system restoration. Youth interns graduate from the BECY crew by completing independent restoration projects and presenting a report of their project at a community graduation ceremony. Through prolonged contact with restoration professionals across the Sky Island Restoration Collaborative, BECY has bridged a gap in establishing viable restoration-based economies in multiple underserved rural border communities, with the goal of catalyzing an ethic of cross-border land stewardship for generations into the future.

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Briggs, Vernon M. "Comments on "The Findings and Policy Implications of the GAO Report and the Urban Institute Hiring Audit" by Michael Fix." International Migration Review 24, no. 4 (1990): 828. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2546211.

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Briggs, Vernon M. "Comments on “The Findings and Policy Implications of the GAO Report and the Urban Institute Hiring Audit” by Michael Fix." International Migration Review 24, no. 4 (December 1990): 828–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/019791839002400410.

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González-González, Desireé, Josué Gutiérrez-Barroso, Ana Isabel González-Herrera, and Yolanda Márquez-Domínguez. "Inserción Laboral De Personas Con Discapacidad." European Scientific Journal, ESJ 13, no. 29 (October 31, 2017): 109. http://dx.doi.org/10.19044/esj.2017.v13n29p109.

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The aim of this study is to perform an analysis of all the variables affecting the hiring of people with Special Educational Needs. It also aims to find out the different opinions and expectations that teachers and business managers have regarding the inclusion of people with disabilities into the labour market. In this study, samples were taken both from teachers working with Special Educational Needs students and teachers from regular schools. In addition, samples from different job areas business managers were taken. It should be noted that data have also been extracted from the Instituto Nacional de Estadística (INE, National Statistics Institute) as well as from different researches and studies on the employability of people with disabilities carried out from 2012 onwards. Finally, the same methodology and procedures were established and specific questionnaires were designed for each of the samples referred to above.

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Antonellis, Paul James, and Danielle Flam. "Phoning it in? Examining Pre-Employment Phone Interview Procedure in Higher Education." International Journal of Human Resource Studies 6, no. 1 (February 20, 2016): 21. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/ijhrs.v6i1.8982.

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In the United States, the employment screening process for hiring full-time faculty in higher education involves the vetting of curricula vitae, phone interview(s), and/or campus visits (Cardeiro, 2010; Shively, Woodward, & Stanly, 1999). The purpose of this research was to examine the phone interview procedure at one institute of higher education, and from there, formulate a systematic phone interviewing procedure that could be put to use at this particular university. After conducting a review of relevant literature, the researchers engaged in action research that utilized qualitative data of 10 participants who took part in the pre-interview, professional development intervention, and the post-interviews for this research project. The action research protocol involved identifying the problem to bring about a positive organizational change, selecting the needed change, implementing the proposed change, and evaluating the results of the change. Upon completion of which, three emerging themes from the collected data were determined: a) phone interview procedure and structure, b) assessment and screening procedures, c) organizational fit. This research proves to be significant because it expands the current knowledge on the topic of conducting employment phone interviews in higher education for tenure track faculty. How higher educational institution conduct faculty screening is often considered a trade secrete, resulting in other institutions unwillingness to provide information on how they conducting faculty screening (Trower, 2012). By sharing this protocol with the field, places of higher learning can begin to assess and measure their own hiring procedures, and correct practices that may be flawed, inequitable, or possibly illegal.

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Brown, Alan S. "The State of American Manufacturing 2017." Mechanical Engineering 139, no. 05 (May 1, 2017): 38–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2017-may-2.

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This article provides an insight into the state of American manufacturing through five snapshots based on research data. Two recent trends—outsourcing and digital services—have enabled manufacturers to stretch that old definition to the breaking point and made it difficult for statistics to capture the entirety of the manufacturing sector. Research and development supports better design and engineering, which add the majority of value to high-value products and the industrial processes needed to make them. Experts suggest that manufacturers are hiring people with the right skill sets. In a 2015 Deloitte Consulting and Manufacturing Institute survey, 80% of manufacturers reported a moderate or serious shortage of qualified applicants. Chinese exports have depressed entire manufacturing-oriented communities, leading to widespread unemployment and lower wages as local markets failed to adjust to this onslaught. However, it is believed that cheaper, more capable robots working with people might improve the economics of domestic production.

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Siddiqui, Rehana. "Bernhard Glaeser. Housing, Sustainable Development and the Rural Poor. A Case Study of Tamil Nadu. New Delhi: Sage Publications, 1989. 432 Pages. Hardbound, Indian Rs 465.00." Pakistan Development Review 36, no. 3 (September 1, 1997): 293–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.30541/v36i3pp.293-295.

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Shelter is the most pressing need of the present times. Strategies to satisfy this need are urgently needed, particularly for the rural poor. Since eighty percent of the Indian population lives in the rural areas, the author tries to identify their demand for better houses and the required improvements in construction technology in rural India. This study is the result of a joint project of two institutes, i.e., Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) and Wissenschaftszentrum Berlin für Sozialforschung (Social Science Research Centre, Berlin) (WZB), based on a survey conducted in Tamil Nadu, India. The majority of the rural population covered by this study are landless labourers. The survey covered 300 households in 20 selected villages where 71 percent of the respondents were living in traditional katcha houses made of mud, bamboo, and palm leaves. The study concentrates on the poorest strata of rural society and collects information about socioeconomic properties such as income, occupation, education, energy, and water sources used by the respondents. The respondents were asked during the survey to reveal the household preferences for more living space, privacy, ownership, and availability of public services like piped water, electricity, sewerage system, etc. The analysis is based on 291 (out of 300) questionnaires (households schedule).

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Giacchero, D., C. Mateus, F. Frigui, J. P. Arnault, L. Maksimovic, B. Thuillier, A. Celebic, A. Auperin, B. Escudier, and C. Robert. "Management of adverse skin reactions to anticancer agents: The Gustave Roussy Institute experience." Journal of Clinical Oncology 27, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2009): e20638-e20638. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2009.27.15_suppl.e20638.

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e20638 Background: Anticancer therapies are associated with various and multiple cutaneous side effects frequently impacting patients’ quality of life and sometimes impairing treatment continuation. Some new skin syndromes and their potential relationship with drug efficacy have been the subject of hundreds of publications over the last few years. Methods: All physicians in our institution were informed by mail about the creation of a weekly consultation and the availability of an emergency call number specifically devoted to the management of adverse cutaneous reactions to anticancer agents. Patients could be referred to us from our institute or from other french institutes. All cutaneous side effects were recorded. Type, severity, and duration of symptoms were described. Imputability of the drugs was evaluated according to semiological, chronological and bibliographical criteria. Results: Over a 4 months period, 215 visits have been performed for a total of 128 patients. 169 events were reported among which 123 were considered to be imputable to the drugs. Several new cutaneous side effects were identified. Hiring a beautician and a pedicure for aesthetic complaints or hand foot skin reactions has been necessary in several cases. Causative agents were mostly targeted therapies (76.4%). Topical (n=132) or systemic treatments (n=45) were prescribed. Temporary dose reduction or treatment interruption was recommended in 18 cases (10.6%). This pilot experience was highly appreciated by both patients and physicians. It was consolidated as a permanent organization at the frontier between oncology and dermatology with the creation of an adapted case report form (CRF). Conclusions: There is a real need for dermatological management of skin side effects in a cancer institute, especially if early trials testing new agents are performed. Dedicated collaboration between oncologists and dermatologists should be promoted as well as the creation of a global skin-oriented CRF in order to facilitate international collaborations and to evaluate the impact of this dermatological management on compliance to treatment. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

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Fleßner, Alfred B. "Tuberkulosebekämpfung im Bezirk der Landesversicherungsanstalt Oldenburg-Bremen in der NS- und in der Besatzungszeit." Die Rentenversicherung in der Zeit des Nationalsozialismus 68, no. 2-3 (February 1, 2019): 163–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.3790/sfo.68.2-3.163.

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Zusammenfassung Der Beitrag behandelt die stationäre Versorgung von Tuberkulosekranken im Nationalsozialismus und in der anschließenden Besatzungszeit im Bezirk der Landesversicherungsanstalt (LVA) Oldenburg-Bremen. Nachdem die Wehrmacht 1939 große Teile der Bettenplätze in Lungenheilstätten beschlagnahmt hatte, organisierte die LVA ein System der Ausdifferenzierung von Patienten. Heilbehandlungen wurden stark eingeschränkt, viele Tuberkulosekranke erhielten nur noch eine Grundversorgung. Dadurch stieg die Zahl der schweren Erkrankungsformen und der Sterbefälle bis über das Kriegsende hinaus an. Tuberkulosekranke Zwangsarbeiter blieben gänzlich unversorgt. Letzteres änderte sich erst durch das Eingreifen der Besatzungsmächte, die das deutsche System der Krankenversorgung im Übrigen weitgehend unangetastet ließen. Abstract This article examines the inpatient care of tuberculosis patients under National Socialism and during the period of allied occupation in the district of the Oldenburg-Bremen Regional Insurance Institute [Landesversicherungsanstalt (LVA)]. After the Wehrmacht had commandeered large numbers of beds in tuberculosis sanatoria in 1939, the LVA organised a system for prioritising patients. Curative treatments were significantly reduced and many tuberculosis patients only received basic medical care. This led to a rise in more serious forms of the disease and in the numbers of terminal cases up to and beyond the end of the war. Forced labourers suffering from tuberculosis received no treatment whatsoever. This changed only following the intervention of the allied occupying powers, who otherwise left the German health care system largely unchanged.

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Fleßner, Alfred B. "Tuberkulosebekämpfung im Bezirk der Landesversicherungsanstalt Oldenburg-Bremen in der NS- und in der Besatzungszeit." Die Rentenversicherung in der Zeit des Nationalsozialismus 68, no. 2 (February 1, 2019): 163–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.3790/sfo.68.2.163.

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Zusammenfassung Der Beitrag behandelt die stationäre Versorgung von Tuberkulosekranken im Nationalsozialismus und in der anschließenden Besatzungszeit im Bezirk der Landesversicherungsanstalt (LVA) Oldenburg-Bremen. Nachdem die Wehrmacht 1939 große Teile der Bettenplätze in Lungenheilstätten beschlagnahmt hatte, organisierte die LVA ein System der Ausdifferenzierung von Patienten. Heilbehandlungen wurden stark eingeschränkt, viele Tuberkulosekranke erhielten nur noch eine Grundversorgung. Dadurch stieg die Zahl der schweren Erkrankungsformen und der Sterbefälle bis über das Kriegsende hinaus an. Tuberkulosekranke Zwangsarbeiter blieben gänzlich unversorgt. Letzteres änderte sich erst durch das Eingreifen der Besatzungsmächte, die das deutsche System der Krankenversorgung im Übrigen weitgehend unangetastet ließen. Abstract This article examines the inpatient care of tuberculosis patients under National Socialism and during the period of allied occupation in the district of the Oldenburg-Bremen Regional Insurance Institute [Landesversicherungsanstalt (LVA)]. After the Wehrmacht had commandeered large numbers of beds in tuberculosis sanatoria in 1939, the LVA organised a system for prioritising patients. Curative treatments were significantly reduced and many tuberculosis patients only received basic medical care. This led to a rise in more serious forms of the disease and in the numbers of terminal cases up to and beyond the end of the war. Forced labourers suffering from tuberculosis received no treatment whatsoever. This changed only following the intervention of the allied occupying powers, who otherwise left the German health care system largely unchanged.

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Basanets, A. V., and O. V. Ermakova. "BRONCHIAL ASTHMA AS A PROBLEM OF OCCUPATIONAL PATHOLOGY (CLINICAL CASE)." Asthma and allergy 2021, no. 3 (2021): 56–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.31655/2307-3373-2021-3-56-60.

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BRONCHIAL ASTHMA AS A PROBLEM OF OCCUPATIONAL PATHOLOGY (CLINICAL CASE) A. V. Basanets, O. V. Ermakova State Institution «Kundiiev Institute of Occupational Health of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine Abstract. Aim of the study: to analyze a clinical case of occupational bronchial asthma in a librarian with many years of experience, which was diagnosed in the Clinic of occupational diseases of the State Institution «Kundiiev Institute of Occupational Health of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine». Materials and research methods: Patient`s medical history, results of clinical, radiological, laboratory and functional examinations. Research results. The examined patient B., 63 years old, worked as a librarian for more than 40 years. The diagnosis was established: Bronchial asthma, ІІІ stage, moderate-severe course, uncontrolled, persistent, phase of exacerbation, basal and lower lobe pneumosclerosis, pulmonary insufficiency І-ІІ stage. Year-round allergic rhinitis — occupational diseases (in the profession for more than 40 years, has been in contact with dust of plant and animal origin) Diagnoses are confirmed by physical examination data, results of clinical laboratory, functional and imaging examination, and data on working conditions. Conclusion: An analysis of epidemiological data on occupational bronchial asthma in Ukraine in recent years has shown a decrease in the incidence, while this indicator is increasing throughout the world. Given the current situation, special attention should be paid to the need for a serious improvement in the training of family doctors, therapists and pulmonologists in occupational pathology. Improving the quality of preliminary (hiring) and periodic medical examinations is of great importance for improving the diagnosis of occupational bronchial asthma. Key words: occupational bronchial asthma, allergic rhinitis, allergens. Angela V. Basanets State Institution «Kundiiev Institute of Occupational Health | of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine Head of the department of occupational pathology Corresponding member of NAMS of Ukraine, professor 75, Saksaganskogo str., 01033, Kyiv, Ukraine a_basanets@meta.ua Аsthma and Allergy, 2021, 3, P. 56–60.

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Soares, Raphael Portilho, Julio Vieira Neto, Mirian Picinini Méxas, and Tayana Aparecida Rigueira. "LIFE MICROINSURANCE IN BRAZIL: A PROPOSAL FOR PRICING AND ASSESSING THE TARGET AUDIENCE." Brazilian Journal of Operations & Production Management 14, no. 1 (May 15, 2017): 38. http://dx.doi.org/10.14488/bjopm.2017.v14.n1.a5.

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The purpose of this article is the creation of a pricing model for life micro-insurance, as well as the analysis of its market potential in Brazil. In this sense, we sought to address issues relating to a biometric table used for pricing, such as the financial impact that the hiring value of this type of product reflects on family income. In addition, it is intended to expose the anti-selection risk made by the insurer, as well as the difference between the premium values for male and female genders, as women outlive men according to life tables published by the Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística (IBGE) (Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics). In the development of the research, the methodology adopted was an exploratory, documental study by means of a qualitative research on the micro-insurance theme, especially life insurance, as well as the elements used in the measurement of insurance. It can be concluded in this work, that the financial impact on family income is not relevant, especially when the premium is parceled monthly according to the terms of the proposed product, making it accessible.

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Islam, Md Serajul, Md Mahmudul Hasan, and Md Mosaddeque Hossain. "Current status of plastic production, prospects and training of manpower in Bangladesh." Journal of Chemical Engineering 30, no. 1 (December 7, 2017): 69–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jce.v30i1.34801.

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The main strategy for achieving accelerating growth and reducing poverty, income inequality and regional disparity include creation of productive employment in the manufacturing and organized service sector is to accelerate trade and investment in each and every sector. Development of small and medium enterprises (SMEs) is envisaged as a key element in this strategy. In this aspect, a survey on 43 plastic factories, 5 mold industries, 5 importers of plastic raw materials and machineries, 5 National & International Industries (RMG, Leather and plastic Sectors), 2 Association (BGMEA & BPGMEA) & 3 Government Agencies (Export Promotion Bureau (EPB), Ministry of Labor & Empowerment and Bangladesh Technical Education Board (BTEB)) was conducted on the name of ¡°Need assessment to set-up Bangladesh Institute of Plastic Engineering & Technology (BIPET)¡±. SMEF and BPGMEA offered this study on plastic sector. The plastic factories surveyed included micro, small, medium and large factories. About 80% factories belonged to the SMEs. Technical persons in the Management positions were interviewed using detailed questionnaire. The questionnaire was set to analyze the present status of production process, existing working conditions, hiring trends, education-training-technical skills- working experience of workers and technicians, wages framework, troubleshooting problems, types of machine, technology level, training facilities, need for testing, product quality, research & development facilities, existing factory owner.s qualification, their demand and facing challenges by entrepreneur & future prospect of plastic production in Bangladesh. Key recommendation for the development and future prospect of this sector is to support newly established Bangladesh Institute of Plastic Engineering & Technology under the supervision of BPGMEA and technical assistance from BUET.Journal of Chemical Engineering, Vol. 30, No. 1, 2017: 69-76

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Figura-Osełkowska, Emilia. "Memoirs and diaries of prisoners of German camps and forced labourers in East Prussia in the collection of the library of the North Institute of Wojciech Kętrzyński in Olsztyn." Masuro-⁠Warmian Bulletin 309, no. 3 (December 5, 2020): 404–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.51974/kmw-134762.

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Spis materiałów wspomnieniowych i pamiętnikarskich dotyczących więźniów obozów niemieckich oraz robotników przymusowych w Prusach Wschodnich znajdujących się w bibliotece Instytutu Północnego im. W. Kętrzyńskiego w Olsztynie został sporządzony na podstawie aktualnego katalogu biblioteki w oparciu o opracowanie Zbigniewa Frasa – Materiały pamiętnikarskie w zbiorach Ośrodka Badań Naukowych im. Wojciecha Kętrzyńskiego, którego jest uzupełnieniem i rozszerzeniem o publikacje oraz materiały zgromadzone w dziale zbiorów specjalnych po 1985 roku. Celem niniejszego zestawienia tematycznego było przede wszystkim zebranie i uaktualnienie dokumentacji do obecnego stanu wiedzy, wyjaśnienie różnic między opracowaniem, katalogiem, a stanem faktycznym oraz poprawienie zauważonych błędów.

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Milanovic, Biljana. "Petar Konjovic’s contribution to the constitution and the beginnings of the Institute of Musicology of the Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts." Muzikologija, no. 25 (2018): 15–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/muz1825015m.

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In the text I deal with the period of establishment and the beginnings of the work of the Institute of Musicology of the Serbian Academy of Sciences, which is marked by the role of composer and music writer Petar Konjovic (1883- 1970), who founded and was the first director of the Institute (1947-1954). I examined and problematized Konjovic?s efforts to establish and manage the institution, which were inseparable from his role of Fellow of the Academy and Secretary of the Department of Fine Arts and Music of the Serbian Academy of Sciences (1948-1954), through the analysis of archival documentation. The basic assumption that I started from was related to the interdependence between (1) the establishment of an institutional order and (2) the disciplining of scientific research in the direction of the emergence of musicology and ethnomusicology in the local context. In particular, issues related to the Institute?s relationship with the wider organizational environment and research policy of the SAN, as well as the role and support of its significant individuals in the process of the institutionalization of music science were especially highlighted. The problem of acquiring legitimacy in clearly hierarchical relationships proved to be very complex, since the Institute represented, on the one hand, a scientific unit of the Academy of Arts, that is, the Department of Fine Arts and Music, which, on the other hand, was marked by the inheritance of marginalized status of artists in comparison to other entities within the SAN. The formation of scientific tasks and objectives and the questions related to their realization were shaped in such a context. I analyzed these problems within three subchapters. The first of them provides basic information on the reorganization of the Serbian Academy of Sciences within the framework of the cultural policy of the new regime and deals with the aspects of the formal establishment of the Institute (1947) and the contextualization of the first programmatic projections of its work. The second question relates to the diverse problems that accompanied the delay of the start of the Institute?s activities, while the final subchapteris dedicated to the period from hiring the first associates to the end of Konjovic?s directorship (1948-1954). Konjovic?s strategies pointed to his simultaneous stability and flexibility in the design of thematic areas and methodological approaches. The policy of the scientific-research work of the Institute of Musicology from Konjovic?s time can be outlined in several general aspects: reliance on pre-war experiences, without the destruction of inherited value canons, but with constant changes in the direction of widening the scope of processed material through research of hitherto neglected creative personalities, performing practices and institutions; melographed and studied folklore material from various rural and urban areas, including different national and ethnic communities; the establishment of completely new thematic areas in the local context that destabilize the concept of purely national science; the emphasis on interdisciplinarity and openness to communication and exchange of scientific and methodological experiences in the international context. Konjovic?s position at the Serbian Academy of Sciences, his experience in managing various institutions, persistence and strategically planned actions, his high criteria and consideration in the selection of associates, managing without ideological divergences from his position of the bourgeois pre-war intellectual, but also his patient waiting for certain decisions of the competent instances, were crucial for the constitution and survival of the Institute of Musicology, within which the platform of musicological and ethnomusicological disciplines in Serbia was established in just a few years.

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Yamini, K., B. T. Rao, and K. Valleswary. "Socio demographic determinants of health care seeking behaviour among tuberculosis patients admitted in the isolation ward of tertiary care hospital: a health belief model." International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health 4, no. 12 (November 23, 2017): 4668. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20175348.

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Background: Health care seeking behavior explains that people differ in their willingness to seek help from health care services. It is difficult to identify which determinants are most influential in the decision to utilize health care. The health belief model proposes that a person's health-related behaviour depends on the person's perception in critical areas. The aims and objectives of the study was planned to determine the socio demographic factors of sputum positive tuberculosis patients and to assess the health care seeking behaviour of patients by health belief model.Methods: Cross sectional descriptive study was conducted on sputum positive tuberculosis patients above 15 years in Tuberculosis wards of Rajiv Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences, Ongole from April to September 2014. Results: Mean age group of the 100 participants was 48.89±5.93 years, 92% were males and 49.5% were labourers. Accessibility of the health care services was good in 95% of the cases, diagnostic tests and ATT treatment were accepting in good way by 71% of cases. In first contact, 36% of the cases contacted rural RMPs and 39% of the patients visited private practitioners. Symptoms of the tuberculosis were recognized by 20% of the patients and only 22% of them were perceived about the signs and symptoms. Significant association observed between the recognition of severity of symptoms and awareness on threat of tuberculosis among Tuberculosis patients (p<0.5). Conclusions: Heath education can be done by using the results of health belief model to increase awareness on perception, susceptibility, threat and understanding about the tuberculosis, there by patient’s intake of the drugs will be increased so that we can prevent chances of transmission of the disease.

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Khisty, C. Jotin, and Shinya Kikuchi. "Urban Transportation Planning Education Revisited: Reading the Dials and Steering the Ship." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1848, no. 1 (January 2003): 57–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/1848-08.

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Now, more than ever, the planning and management of transportation systems in the real world is beset by change and uncertainty. Under these conditions, the quality of transportation education continues to be a matter of concern for the profession because of continuing demands and commitments at several levels. From an academic standpoint, topics such as public involvement, strategic management of capital resources, soft systems methodology, and applied ethics need to be incorporated in the curriculum in more substantial ways. On the basis of the demands of professional practice, as suggested by hiring agencies, the political working of the real world also needs to be understood by entry-level graduates. These and other relevant issues, relevant particularly for a graduate-level course on urban transportation planning, are described and discussed. On the basis of the “Millennium State-of-the-Art and Future Directions White Paper” sponsored by the Committee on Transportation Education, students are expected to have a deeper knowledge and acquire greater skills in the following four topics: intermodalism and systemicity, soft systems methodologies, applied ethics, and communication. A sample course outline incorporating these suggestions based on a three-credit course offered at the Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, in 2001 is described. Finally, the composition of the class and the student course evaluation are discussed. Overall, the course was well received by students.

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Bhardwaj, Mohit, and Kusum V. Shah. "A cross-sectional study to correlate demographic and clinical profile of multi-drug resistant tuberculosis patients in a tertiary hospital." IP Indian Journal of Immunology and Respiratory Medicine 6, no. 2 (June 15, 2021): 80–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.18231/j.ijirm.2021.018.

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One of the major hurdles in eradication of Tuberculosis is the development of Multi-drug resistant Tuberculosis, which needs timely identification and treatment to avoid its spread in the community. The present study is an attempt to correlate demographic and clinical profile of multi drug-resistant tuberculosis cases coming to the facility A Hospital-based Cross-sectional Observational Study in Department of Respiratory Medicine, Smt. B.K. Shah Medical Institute and Research Center and Dhiraj Hospital, Vadodara, Gujarat. Among subjects diagnosed as Multi-drug Resistant Tuberculosis over a period of one and a half years from May 2016 to November 2017. A detailed clinical profile physical examination and laboratory investigations were done and correlated with demographic profile. Data was analyzed in Open source software OpenEpi. P value was considered to be significant at P<0.05. Arithmetic Mean was used wherever deemed necessary. Majority of patients were aged between 40 to 50 years with Male to female ratio was 1.5:1. Most patients were farmers, home makers (unemployed), and labourers and had a low education with lower socioeconomic status. The symptom profile indicated weight loss, loss of appetite, cough with expectoration, dyspnoea and fever. 70% of the patients had haemoglobin levels < or = 10 g/dl. A high proportion of patients had normal TLC (Total Leucocyte Count) levels (n=21; 70%), thus indicating the absence of an inflammatory condition. A major proportion of patients (n=24; 80%) had lymphocyte count > 20. The patients had high prevalence of co-morbidities.Most of patients of multidrug resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB)were 40 to 50 years of age with male predominance from lower socio-economic strata, had a low annual income and a positive history of tuberculosis. Multidisciplinary approach for the management of MDR-TB is needed.

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Wood, Eric. "Osposobljavanje liječnika medicine rada i stručnjaka zaštite na radu u SAD-u." Sigurnost 60, no. 4 (January 3, 2019): 357–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.31306/s.60.4.2.

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SUMMARY: Professionals have been working in occupational safety and health (OS&H) in the United States since at least the advent of the Industrial Revolution. Formal educational in OS&H began in earnest with passage of the Occupational Safety and Health Act (OSHA) of 1970 that included provisions for funding training in OS&H disciplines. A study conducted by the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) in 2011 estimated that there were over 48,000 (2.3/10,000 working age adults) OS&H professionals working in the US. Employers surveyed in this study reported a need to hire over 25,000 OS&H professionals in the next 5 years. OS&H training programs were projected to graduate less than 13,000 students in that period. Core knowledge and skills in the various OS&H disciplines typically includes academic training in epidemiology, biostatistics, administration & management, behavioral health science, industrial hygiene, ergonomics, and foundation courses in occupational injury and disease prevention. Employers report interest in additional training in communication, technical writing, leadership, cross-disciplinary training, emerging hazards, and knowledge of regulations and compliance. Funding of OS&H programs has been a persistent challenge. A lack of student awareness of training and career opportunities poses additional challenges for recruitment of qualified applicants. While hiring demands and career prospects remain high for most OS&H disciplines, the support for training programs, and the supply of new graduates presents ongoing challenges for OS&H educators.

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Kamarova, T. A. "NECESSARY COMPETENCES OF STUDENTS AND UNIVERSITY GRADUATES FOR SUCCESSFUL EMPLOYMENT." Vektor nauki Tol'yattinskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Seriya Ekonomika i upravlenie, no. 4 (2021): 25–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.18323/2221-5689-2021-4-25-35.

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Since 2000, the focus of employers’ attention in recruiting personnel for a company has been gradually shifting from hard skills towards soft skills. The results of a study carried out by Harvard University and Stanford Research Institute show that the contribution of hard skills to the professional success of an employee accounts for only 15 %, while soft skills add up to the remaining 85 %. Today, it is not enough for a graduate to acquire special knowledge and expertise – they are required to have soft skills to succeed in a job search. The paper discusses the issue of transformation of the qualifying requirements to the job seekers claimed by employers when hiring personnel. The objective of the work is to identify the structure of the key skills and competencies of university students and graduates essential for their successful employment. The analysis of the requirements of employers to graduates of one of the universities was carried out in 2017–2021. The empirical base was a sociological survey of the heads of Russian companies on the issues of the important soft and hard skills of young specialists. The results of the analysis prove that the rapidly changing economic conditions affect the pool of soft skills that are significant in the labor market. The paper presents the structure of soft skills, describes the pool of important skills and competencies that encourage an employer’s decision to hire an inexperienced university graduate. Thus, the results of the study confirm the importance of the development of soft and hard skills of university students and graduates.

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Poll, Jordan, Ayse Buyktur, Aalap Doshi, Linde Huang, Tricia Piechowski, Meghan Spiroff, and Erica Marsh. "4455 Advancing the Science of Community Engagement with Human-Centered Design." Journal of Clinical and Translational Science 4, s1 (June 2020): 77–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cts.2020.252.

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OBJECTIVES/GOALS: To describe how the Community Engagement (CE) Program at the Michigan Institute for Clinical & Health Research (MICHR), a Clinical & Translational Science Award (CTSA) site at the University of Michigan, is adopting human-centered design (HCD) to advance the science of community engagement in translational research and CE’s programmatic efforts. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: The MICHR CE Program supports academic-community partnerships to transform translational research across the state of Michigan. As the team aims to better engage partners to help guide the direction of their work, CE is collaborating with MICHR’s Design and Innovation Core to incorporate human-centered design (HCD). HCD is an approach that prioritizes the needs, values, and perspectives of direct users during the creation of a new product or service. The MICHR team created interactive HCD activities for two statewide retreats to elicit feedback from community and academic members on ways to enhance community-engaged research (CEnR). Retreat participants worked on a variety of problems, such as barriers to partnering and defining impact for CEnR. These activities generated authentic, contextual, and multi-view data captured in various artifacts for systematic analysis. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: In the first retreat, a HCD activity had participants reflect on their own barriers to partnering in research and potential solutions. In the second retreat, an HCD activity facilitated participants interviewing each other on their views of the impact in CEnR. Results from the first activity identified a set of common barriers to CEnR, some related to partnership formation, communication, and partner equity, among others. These led the CE Program to specific programmatic efforts, such as designing a statewide partnership platform, hiring a communication program manager, and sponsoring community partners to join national conferences. The second retreat activity produced rich data to identify overlaps between different perspectives to inform how impact can be defined and measured in CEnR. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF IMPACT: HCD activities provide means to include community and academic members in the science of CEnR. They allow systematic ways to gather information directly from the diverse set of current or prospective partners of community engagement programs about their needs, experiences, and values, which can be translated to programmatic innovation.

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Soares, M. J., L. S. Piers, P. S. Shetty, A. A. Jackson, and J. C. Waterlow. "Whole Body Protein Turnover in Chronically Undernourished Individuals." Clinical Science 86, no. 4 (April 1, 1994): 441–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/cs0860441.

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1. Two groups of adult men were studied in Bangalore, India, under identical conditions: the ‘normal weight’ subjects (mean body mass index 20.8 kg/m2) were medical students of the institute with access to habitual energy and protein intakes ad libitum. The other group, designated ‘undernourished’, were labourers on daily wages (mean body mass index 16.7 kg/m2). 2. In an earlier study we obtained lower absolute values for both basal metabolic rate and protein synthesis in the undernourished subjects; however, when the data were expressed on a body weight or fat-free mass basis, a trend towards higher rates of protein synthesis, as well as higher basal metabolic rate, was evident. The suggestion was made that such results reflected the relatively higher energy intakes per kg body weight of the undernourished subjects on the day of study. The objective of the present study was therefore to control for the dietary intake during the measurement of whole body protein turnover. 3. In the present study dietary intakes were equated on a body weight basis; however, expressed per kg fat-free mass, the normal weight subjects had received marginally higher intakes of energy and protein. The results, however, were similar to those of the previous study. In absolute terms, basal metabolic rate, protein synthesis and breakdown were lower in the undernourished subjects. When expressed per kg body weight or per kg fat-free mass, the undernourished subjects had higher basal metabolic rates than the well-nourished subjects, whereas no differences were seen in the rate of protein synthesis or breakdown. 4. Estimates of muscle mass, based on creatinine excretion, indicated that the undernourished subjects had a higher proportion of non-muscle to muscle mass. Nitrogen flux (Q) was determined from 15N abundance in two end products, urea (Qu) and ammonia (Qa). The ratio Qu/Qa was increased in the undernourished subjects and was significantly correlated with the ratio of non-muscle to muscle mass (r = 0.81; P < 0.005). These results fit in with our earlier suggestion of a greater proportion of non-muscle (visceral) mass in undernourished subjects. 5. The present data suggest that there are no changes in the rate of protein synthesis or breakdown in chronic undernutrition when results are expressed, conventionally, per kg fat-free mass. It can be theoretically shown, however, that there could be a 15% reduction in the rate of turnover of the visceral tissues in chronic undernutrition. This, together with the reduced urinary nitrogen excretion, would contribute to nitrogen economy in these individuals.

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Sauter, Craig, W. Jeffrey Baker, Elizabeth Rodriguez, Silvia Willumsen, Barbara Morcerf, Kristi Gafford, Jessica Kennington, et al. "QIM19-134: Improving Access to Bone Marrow Transplant in the Community: The Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Alliance Shared Care Program." Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network 17, no. 3.5 (March 8, 2019): QIM19–134. http://dx.doi.org/10.6004/jnccn.2018.7247.

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Background: Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (MSK) created the MSK Cancer Alliance in 2014, a dynamic and bidirectional collaboration with high-quality community providers to enhance access to state-of-the-art cancer care close to home. Hartford HealthCare Cancer Institute (HHC), joined the MSK Cancer Alliance as the first member in 2014. Research suggests that bone marrow transplant (BMT) is an underutilized definitive therapy (Yao et al, Biol Blood Bone Marrow Transplant 2013) for patients with hematologic malignancies and the timing of a referral for transplant has significant impact on patient outcomes (National Marrow Donor Program, available at: https://bethematchclinical.org/transplant-indications-and-outcomes/additional-outcomes/timing-impact-on-outcomes/). MSK and HHC developed the BMT Shared Care program to improve access to transplant, ensure BMT specialist consults for appropriate candidates occur during initial treatment planning, reduce burdensome travel for patients by facilitating care locally, and enhance seamless coordination between local oncologists and BMT providers from initial consult through post-transplant care. Methods: To achieve these goals, MSK and HHC physicians, nurses, and staff created a program that includes: HHC hiring a BMT nurse, who trained for 4 weeks at MSK, and works with MSK counterparts to create a streamlined referral process, pretransplant care at HHC, and travel logistics to MSK; MSK and HHC physicians hold virtual tumor boards to jointly evaluate patients and provide BMT consults at the optimal time; onsite lectures and observer-ships focused on advances in BMT, supportive care, and management of complications like graft versus host disease, leading to the integration of additional clinical services like infectious disease and dermatology; and research, including an MSK clinical trial open at HHC to identify and understand barriers to transplant in the community for patients with newly diagnosed or relapsed acute leukemia. Results: Since November 2015, HHC has referred 86 patients for BMT consult through this Shared Care program, with 35 patients transplanted or receiving immune effector cells (IEC) to date. Conclusions: The BMT Shared Care program effectively facilitates the referral and transplant of appropriate patients while allowing them to receive much of their pre- and post-transplant care in their local communities. Collaboration between BMT nurse coordinators and robust physician engagement are essential to this program. Future opportunities include expanding the use of telemedicine, enhancing electronic data sharing, quantifying and analyzing patient satisfaction, and expanding BMT research at HHC.

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Suciaty, Prisyanti, Dedi Sutedi, and Herniwati Herniwati. "KEPOLISEMIAN VERBA TSUKERU: KAJIAN LINGUISTIK KOGNITIF." JAPANEDU: Jurnal Pendidikan dan Pengajaran Bahasa Jepang 2, no. 1 (June 27, 2017): 68. http://dx.doi.org/10.17509/japanedu.v2i1.6791.

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Polisemi merupakan salah satu tema yang dibahas ketika berbicara mengenai makna sebuah kata. Kata yang berpolisemi adalah kata yang memiliki makna lebih dari satu. Penelitian ini meneliti makna verba tsukeru yang berpolisemi. Verba tsukeru dianalisis dengan menggunakan kajian linguistik kognitif. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mendeskripsikan makna dasar, mengklasifiksikan makna perluasan, serta mendeskripsikan hubungan antara makna dasar dan makna perluasan dari verba tsukeru. Metode yang dilakukan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode deskriptif. Data yang digunakan yaitu jitsurei yang diperoleh dari korpus BCCWJ (Balanced Corpus of Contemporary Written Japanese) yang bersumber dari dokumen, majalah, koran, buku pelajarann, buletin, dan yahoo yang terbit antara tahun 2000-2008. Selanjutnya dicatat dalam bentuk kartu data. Kemudian dilanjutkan dengan mengklasifikasikan data ke dalam makna dasar dan makna perluasan,dan menganalisis hubungan makna dasar dan makna perluasan menggunakan kajian linguistik kognitif yakni menurut majas metafora, metonimi, dan sinekdoke. Hasil penelitian yang ditemukan adalah verba tsukeru memiliki makna dasar memasang. Kemudian ditemukan 15 makna perluasan yaitu memberi, menempatkan, menambahkan, merendam, mencampurkan, menyalakan, mengoles, mengawasi yang masuk kepada perluasan metafora, selanjutnya menetapkan, mempekerjakan, dan menulis masuk ke peluasan metonimi, terakhir menggores, mengenakan, dan menghentikan perluasan makna sinekdoke. Selain itu ditemukan juga makna idiomatikal seperti membatasi, terbiasa, bertengkar, menuduh, lepas tangan, berhati-hati, memandang, mengerjakan, dan melengkapi diri.This paper present an analysis of tsukeru verb which have multiple meanings and in which the mulitple meanings of a word may be connected or related. While this analysis based on cognitive linguistics. The goal of this analysis is describe basic meaning and another meanings of tsukeru verb, and also describe relation of basic meaning and another meanings, and the last present meanings structure of tsukeru verb. The analysis using data form Balanced Corpus of Chunagon contemporary Written Japanese corpus presented by National Institute for Japanese Language and Linguistics. Sentence data in this paper based on document, magazine, newspaper, study books, bulletin, and yahoo at 2000-2008. This data clasification using data card (table data). Decription of relation basic meaning and another meanings using cognitive linguistics analysis which is metaphor, metonymy , and synecdoche. The result of this research is tsukeru verb have basic meaning is put on, and then founded 15 another meanings. Result are follow including metaphor are give, put, adding, soaking, mix, ignite, spreading, watching, including metonymy are decide, hiring, writing, and the last is including synecdoche are slash, dress, stop. Furthermore, fouded idiom meanings such as define, common, quarrel, accuse, hands off, be careful, starring at, doing, acquire.

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GARB, MAJA. "PROBLEMS OF MILITARY SECURITY CONTRACTORSHIP IN IRAQ AND AFGHANISTAN." CONTEMPORARY MILITARY CHALLENGES, VOLUME 2014/ISSUE 16/4 (October 30, 2014): 125–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.33179/bsv.99.svi.11.cmc.16.4.rr.

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The issue of military privatization, where we refer both to the privatization of military supply and the privatization of military activities in general, has been very topical, especially in the period of Iraq War, which started in 2003, and later. Various private military companies had, of course, been active even before that (e.g. currently inactive companies Executive Outcomes and Sandline International) and external contractors have been increasingly providing for military supply ever since the introduction of the professional soldier recruitment. Nevertheless, Private Military Security Contractors (PMSCs) spread substantially during the topical conflicts in Iraq and Afghanistan. The work by Thomas R. Mockaitis Soldiers of Misfortune? (Strategic Studies Institute and U.S. Army War College Press, May 2014. ISBN 1-58487- 613-1) presents the functioning of PMSCs in the above-mentioned conflicts, while focusing on the issue of armed contractors. The author finds that, generally, logistics activities (troop housing and facilities, food service operations, laundry operations etc.) do not represent a problem when carried out by contractors. Armed members of PMSCs participating in U.S. operations are, however, something different. Based on the official reports, the author gives account of some of the most exposed incidents and problems (too early and unnecessary firing during armed escorting, inclusion of local contractors, paying warlords for smooth passage, the culture of impunity etc.), thus brutally revealing the problems of military privatization. Mockaitis mentions two main levels where decision-makers should pay attention to what a government contract with a PMSC means: i.e. control level and legislation level. Control is difficult, since contracts with private companies are not concluded only by the Department of Defense, but also by other government agencies. It is thus impossible to ensure control from one single point, and difficult to coordinate all U.S. stakeholders involved in operations. As far as international and national (U.S. and the country where the operation is taking place) legislations are concerned, the author establishes that PMSC members virtually enjoy immunity from prosecution. It becomes perfectly clear, both, from the Mockaitis’ monograph as well as from other sources that the military as well should be familiar with the problem of PMSC members’ participation in operations. The cooperation of national armed forces (an interesting fact is that Mockaitis capitalizes the word Soldier when referring to members of national armed forces) and contractors necessarily requires certain common bases. In this respect, military competence represents the least of a problem, since PMSC members are usually well-trained and have military experience. It can be established on the basis of a number of incidents that contractors in themselves represent a risk, since they do not abide by the principle of the minimum use of force and very quickly become involved in an armed conflict. The cooperation of national military with such entities does not only pose a direct threat to soldiers, but also worsens the attitude of the local population towards the armed forces in the area. Instead of contributing to the success of the operation, the contractors threaten its success. Mockaitis, however, underlines that all contractors cannot be equated. A number of them do a good and professional job. Nevertheless, the incidents provoked by the minority (Blackwater has proved to be an especially notorious company) reflect unfavorably on all PMSCs. In the conclusion of his monograph, which is short, though, (64 pages) considering the topicality and appeal of the discussed problem, Mockaitis recaps the experiences drawn from the functioning of military security companies in Iraq and Afghanistan and provides a few recommendations which would be good to take into consideration when hiring these companies to do military work.

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Marques Manique Tomaz Flores, Diana Raquel, Inês Imperadeiro Ribeiro Ferreira, Patrícia Sofia Rodrigues Correia, Maria Manuela Madureira Lebre Mendes, Patrícia Cruz Pontífice Sousa Valente Ribeiro, and Filipa Alexandra Veludo Fernandes. "Dificuldades e estratégias na integração ao cuidado da pessoa em situação crítica: uma scoping review." Enfermería Global 21, no. 2 (April 1, 2022): 469–516. http://dx.doi.org/10.6018/eglobal.478501.

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Introduction: The nurses’ integration in specialized care provision to critically ill patients is an increasing concern in the context of hiring and mobilizing nursing professionals. An adequate integration is crucial for the nurses’ success and adaptation to the new service, as well as to ensure the quality and safety of the provided care.Objective: To map the existing knowledge on the difficulties experienced by nurses, as well as on the strategies that facilitate their integration in specialized care provision to the critically ill.Method: A scoping review was conducted, following the method proposed in the Joanna Briggs Institute Reviewers’ Manual 2015. The following were used as inclusion criteria: Population - nurses; Concept - the experienced difficulties and the strategies employed to facilitate the nurses’ integration; Context - the provision of care to the critically ill. A total of 13 articles, published until May 2020, were included.Results: The following difficulties were reported: communication issues with the team, as well as with the patients and/or their relatives; overall stress; dealing with complex health conditions, as well as with intricate procedures and/or techniques; work overload; high staff turnover rate between services; dealing with a patient’s death and/or with organ donation planning. The following were pointed out as facilitating strategies: simulated practice; performing teamwork; assignment of a nursing supervisor/tutor; receiving feedback; developing resilience mechanisms.Conclusion: As regards care provision, the nurses’ integration process requires planning and the inclusion of facilitating strategies is crucial. Simulated practice leads to the acquisition of fundamental skills, as does the assignment of a nursing supervisor/tutor and receiving feedback on the conducted tasks. In addition to overcoming the difficulties experienced, these strategies also allow developing resilience and coping mechanisms, which help prevent burnout and the adverse effects caused by the high staff turnover rate between services. Introducción: La integración del enfermero en el cuidado de la persona en situación crítica es una preocupación creciente debido a la movilización y contratación de profesionales. Una integración adecuada es fundamental para el éxito y adaptación del enfermero al servicio nuevo, garantizando la calidad y seguridad del cuidado. Objetivo: Mapear el conocimiento sobre las dificultades del enfermero y las estrategias que pueden facilitar su integración en el cuidado de las personas en situación crítica.Método: Se realizó una revisión de alcance, basada en el Instituto Joanna Briggs. Criterios de inclusión: Población - Enfermero; Concepto - dificultades experimentadas y estrategias que facilitan la integración; Contexto - Cuidado a la persona en situación crítica. Se incluyeron 13 artículos, publicados hasta mayo de 2020.Resultados: Dificultades experimentadas por los enfermeros: comunicación con el equipo, personas en situación crítica y/ o familiares; estrés; complejidad de la situación de salud, técnicas y/ o procedimientos realizados; sobrecarga de trabajo; rotación de enfermeros entre servicios; afrontar la muerte y/ o la donación de órganos. Estrategias facilitadoras: simulación de situaciones reales; trabajo en equipo; enfermero/ tutor de referencia; transmisión de informaciones de retorno; estrategias de resiliencia.Conclusión: El proceso de integración requiere planificación y el desarrollo de estrategias que lo hagan más sencillo es fundamental. La formación a través de la simulación de prácticas conduce a la adquisición de habilidades fundamentales para el cuidado, como la asignación de un enfermero tutor e información de retorno sobre el trabajo desarrollado. Esto permite subsanar las dificultades experimentadas a través de la resiliencia y estrategias de afrontamiento, evitando el bounout y la rotación de profesionales entre servicios. Introdução: A integração do enfermeiro no cuidado à pessoa em situação crítica constitui uma preocupação cada vez maior devido à mobilização e contratação de profissionais de enfermagem. Uma integração adequada é crucial para o sucesso e adaptação do enfermeiro ao novo serviço, garantindo a qualidade e segurança do cuidado.Objetivo: Mapear o conhecimento relativamente às dificuldades sentidas pelo enfermeiro e estratégias que podem facilitar a sua integração no cuidado à pessoa em situação crítica.Método: Foi realizada uma Scoping Review, com base no Joanna Briggs Institute. Critérios de inclusão: População - enfermeiro; Conceito - dificuldades sentidas e as estratégias facilitadoras na integração; Contexto - cuidado à pessoa em situação crítica. Foram incluídos 13 artigos, publicados até maio de 2020. Resultados: Dificuldades sentidas pelos enfermeiros: comunicação com a equipa, pessoa em situação crítica e/ou familiares; stress; complexidade da situação de saúde, técnicas e/ou procedimentos realizados; sobrecarga de trabalho; rotatividade de enfermeiros entre serviços; lidar com a morte e/ou a doação de órgãos. Estratégias facilitadoras: simulação de situações reais; trabalho em equipa; enfermeiro de referência/tutor; transmissão de feedback; estratégias de resiliência.Conclusão: O processo de integração requer planeamento, sendo crucial o desenvolvimento de estratégias que o facilitem. O treino através da simulação de práticas leva à aquisição de competências fundamentais para o cuidado, tal como a atribuição de um enfermeiro tutor e feedback sobre o trabalho desenvolvido. Isto permite colmatar as dificuldades sentidas através da construção da resiliência e estratégias de coping, prevenindo o burnout e a rotatividade dos profissionais entre serviços.

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Marques, Mário C. "Five years in Sports Sciences." Motricidade 12, no. 4 (May 3, 2017): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.6063/motricidade.11883.

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I was glad to read today, on December 16th of 2016, that the Sports Sciences Department of the University of Beira Interior (UBI) appears in an outstanding place in the Shanghai Ranking's Global Ranking for Sport Science Schools and Departments. We could indicate that this small department is actually in the top 80 of the sports schools of the world, which is something that should be highlighted.In 2007, the head of the Department of Sports Sciences at UBI and currently president of the Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities (UBI) called for the development of internal research in the field of sports sciences, not only on the national panorama, but above all on an international level. This wish was strongly based on a complete lack of research in the department, in which until 2007 there was no single publication with indexing, much less with ISI or Scopus or any relevant project or book recognized by the scientific community. It was a herculean and risky challenge, but today we think that it has been more than achieved. At that time the cornerstones for the development and sustainability of the investigation in the department were based on three key-vectors: selection and recruitment of more teachers with experience and research potential; acquisition of equipment, laboratory software and reformulation of the advanced training proposal (reformulation of the Master course and Doctoral study plan).As a complement to the quality of the existing teachers, external professors were hired. The rectory was present in the creation of an R & D unit in consortium with UTAD, UMa and 5 Polytechnics Schools, under the designation of CIDESD with headquarters in UTAD and a center in UBI. As far as the equipment is concerned, the department has acquired high quality material and diversification through internal funds (Department / Faculty) and also with the individual scientific production funds of the research unit CIDESD/UBI. Between 2008 and 2013, these acquisitions encouraged the exponential writing of articles, the development of projects and the conclusion with high quality of masters and doctoral theses. This was only possible due to the high scientific production carried out, which was strictly thought in favor of our students and the Department of Sports Sciences. The acquisition of research material had not only a typical laboratory concern but also an ecological one, that is, most of the acquired equipment was portable, allowing us to carry out several studies outside the Department, going to the places where the individuals that composed the samples were. Finally, since 2009, there has been a strong internationalization policy for the Masters course, especially with the arrival of highly qualified teachers from worldwide, which has allowed the promotion of research policies and a significant increase in quantity, but above all in the quality of the published articles. In this research policies project - it was sought to present a line of concrete study that addressed some pertinent problems to which the international literature has not yet shown any final conclusions.In the last two decades, scientific research in Sport Sciences has grown exponentially in the department. Unfortunately, most of the resources, such as critical mass or equipment (laboratories) are still scarce in our country, although some universities have taken important steps in order to reverse this situation. Thus, UBI could not remain unaware of this "revolution". We had a young department with quality and capacity to perform quality research. To this purpose, it was urgent to develop protocols and / or connect with universities and researchers of international reference, which would transport us to higher levels of research. Since our field of study was so vast and complex, we had to focus on the following points of interest: A) preparing research projects in the field of sports performance; B) drawing short - term strategies for the construction of a root laboratory that would be able to transport us to the "front line"; C) helping integrate our young doctoral students (teachers) into the "world" of research. Considering the opening of the European university space resulting from the Maastricht Treaty, one of the pillars of the internationalization policy has been the focus on European cooperation activities. Numerous protocols were developed with the University of Pitesti, the Public University of Navarra, the Pablo de Olavide University, and the University of Barry State. These contacts were a result from the social and academic networks established with members of these universities.After hiring the new professors whose doctorates were concluded between 2007 and 2009, the mission of equating a course development strategy and improving its attractiveness was crucial. Given the fact that, at the level of the 2nd cycle offer, the demand was low, it was therefore necessary to attract students from other schools of the country. It was obvious that this would only be possible with the use of previous personal knowledge networks and the support of the Center for Research in Sport, Health and Human Development (CIDESD), a research center where UBI is an integrated member.The 2nd cycle of studies of the Master’s Degree in Sports Sciences was created in the 1st year of the Bologna Process adjustments of the courses given at the UBI. At that time, the Department's doctoral faculty was exiguous and very little diversified. For this reason, the Curricular Units proposed for the curriculum were based in the possibility of hiring other human resources. National and international teachers of recognized pedagogical and scientific value were recruited, with special emphasis on the prestigious curriculum of publications in the area of Sports Sciences. Provisional calls were launched and readily accepted on the condition that they taught concentrated classes, similar to what already being done in many foreign universities and also in some national ones.In the main scientific area of the cycle of studies (Sports Sciences) all the teachers integrated in the service distribution are effective members or collaborators of CIDESD. CIDESD is a research unit accredited by FCT (since the 12th of December of 2009) with the initial classification of GOOD and nowadays of VERY GOOD. Also worth mentioning is the collaboration with the Center for Excellence in Studies, Research and Sports Medicine and the Navarro Institute of Sport, Government of Navarra.The approach to scientific research has also been a point of honor of this department, carried out in a sustainable way, mainly through teaching / learning methodologies specific to each curricular unit (CU), mostly through research seminars. This approach begins in the 1st semester of the 1st year, encouraging the student to the good practices of scientific research, particularly in his area of interest. However, the ultimate milestone of his effective integration into the scientific research can only be consolidated if the student is qualified to prepare or eventually to submit a scientific paper in an ISI-indexed journal provided by the Seminar CUs. Finally, we must highlight the involvement in the implementation of technical-scientific events allowing contact with basic and applied science, of which the Research Seminar of CIDESD and CIDESD Junior is the best example. It should also be said that the scientific activity produced by teachers and students is strongly implemented in the methodological orientation of teaching / research and in the provision of services and advice to the academic community and to civil society in general. Regarding to the research-community relationship, the type of research developed is powerfully applied by integrating and transmitting immediately the produced knowledge to the stakeholders (e.g., clubs, municipalities, gymnasiums and swimming pools). Therefore, this applied research par excellence in the physical activity context of exercise and sport in its most diverse fields of application brings economic benefits to the partners of the course.It should be mentioned that in the last two years there has been a significant increase in the publication of scientific articles in journals indexed to the ISI Web of Knowledge, a true and successful Case Study at the national level. Also note that part of the articles published during the last years were launched in magazines with an impact factor higher than 1.0. Also noteworthy are the publications in book or chapter format of books with scientific review. There are also dozens of abstracts published in national and international conferences (with scientific review). In fact, we consider this type of publication as an excellent measure of dissemination of the work produced by senior researchers and 3rd cycle students. In some cases, even for the 2nd cycle students.We succeeded in spreading knowledge through the range of articles available in worldwide renowned journals, i.e.: Original Research, Brief Reviews, Reviews, Methodological Reports, Research Notes, and Letters to Editor. In terms of impact, if we consider that the UBI Teaching Activity Regulation defined 0.4 as the impact reference median to the Sports Sciences, the publications in question are clearly above this level with an average close to 1.0 impact, a high value for the sports sciences. It should be emphasized that more than 50 percent of the articles refer to 1.8-1.9 impact journals, and that we have had a review - recently published in the highest impact factor journal of the area (Sports Medicine: 5.2).With this philosophy of publications, it was intended to carry out a large number of scientific studies that addressed a panoply of issues considered more relevant like the ones related to the effectiveness of Strength Training and Physical Condition on performance improvements in High Performance Sports, Public School and Exercise /Health. Consequently, this line of thought / intervention, in addition to discussing in a pragmatic and scientific way different topics related to the methodology of Strength Training and Physical Condition, tried to do a parallelism between theory and practice, that is, most of the abovementioned articles are of a highly practical nature in order to daily assist coaches, physical education teachers and health / sport professionals. We also analyzed the Simultaneous Training of Strength and Aerobic thematic, as well as the problematic of the Detraining. These are two hot topics as both are far from consensus in the scientific community.Since the origin of the Department (1994), the first four experimental studies conducted in our laboratories have been published in two of the best sports training magazines. In the five-year period in question, the level of scientific production was exponential with more 100 international ISI articles published or accepted for publication in journals indexed to international reference databases by the end of 2013. The participation in conferences such as the American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM) and the European College of Sport Science (ECSS) as well as the positive evaluation of 2 R & D projects by international panels (with emphasis on the project approved in call 2010) seem to indicate that the scientific community recognizes the efforts done to contribute for a better understanding of the sportive phenomenon, both in theoretical as in empirical terms. We should also note the level of involvement in the scientific community with referee reports for international reference journals and with several coauthors affiliated to different universities (national and international).The research networks developed in 5 years and the funding of the international R & D Projects planned for the coming years, will not only allow the renewal of equipment and software, but also bring the possibility of hiring highly qualified human resources, guaranteeing important conditions to continue in the line of international merit investigation. It is also an important incentive to further progress in the worldwide scientific production, recognized by the scientific community as well as helping UBI to consolidate its role in the country and in the world, in this scientific area. However, there are still some teachers who feel some lack of motivation to publish regularly.

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Shrestha, Jitendra. "Clinical Research and Medical Journal." Nepal Medical Journal 1, no. 01 (August 21, 2018): 5–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.37080/nmj.3.

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Health system should be supported by health research to deliver quality, accountable, equitable, fairer, better health care to target population.1 Earlier; defenseless people like prisoners, soldiers, poor and mentally ill along with animals were subjected to medical research without taking consent. As time pass by, new emerging health problems, shifting of epidemiological trends in disease patterns, rapid increase in population, new and emerging health problems, increasing commercial interests of private health sector and shrinking resources all contribute in inequity to health care.2 Hence it is extremely important that research addresses priorities and focuses on the most important health issues and conditions. Research must serve as a driver for health system, policies and practice. For this to happen, the health research systems should be fully accountable for sake of transparency and also have to be capable of delivering the desired returns. We are fortune to take benefit from documented experiences from history. The main goal of medical research article is to share one’s valuable experience so as to contribute to the progress of science.3 Conducting a medical research and publishing it in a medical journal, is sharing an important knowledge and experience to the world. A physician from one part of the world may have significant load of certain disease and sharing management experience in that particular disease may help doctors of other part of the world treat such kind of patient. Furthermore, author may also have individual benefits, like higher positions in academic hierarchy.4 The Journal of the institution reflects the academics wealth of the institute. Earlier, only few used to grab opportunities for professional growth via publication, majority of them suffer to lack of publication culture in the institution resulting in fossilization of their professional caliber.5 In developing countries like ours, to do quality medical research is often difficult. Furthermore, getting the article published in medical journal is another challenge. Leading international medical journals underreport on health research priorities for developing countries because of improper material, methods quality. Many factors play role in the paucity of inclusion of research papers from developing countries. Lack of resources like funding, proper man power and less access to scientific literature in similar setting leading to poor research output, faulty manuscript preparation and language proficiency may be the common problems. Inadequate laboratory facilities and training may be the other cause. Hence, researchers in developing countries should be supported and encouraged to produce material of the quality by proper guidance and required trainings. Open access journal is the window to the research world. It is one of the tools to increase publications. These journals facilitate the publication of local research output and may play defining role in helping researcher to improve their publication records, and make it accessible to other researchers. This type of open access journal is an important entity in national publishing that will hopefully gain broader prominence as awareness increases and the above efforts are implemented. To make our journal an index and of international stature is strenuous but with the help from our fraternity, we will surely reach the goal soon. Our journal will surely serve as a medium to access information, updated knowledge and a symbol of ideal journal in Nepal. This journal is the result of hard work, dedication and sacrifice. We apologize for taking this extra long time to publish but as they say ‘good things come to those who wait’ we proudly present you our journal, our masterpiece. No one is to be blamed for the delay of this process. Working with teachers, selecting experts for review, suggesting authors, verifying manuscripts, editing and proof reading was an arduous job but was done meticulously. We run out of words to express our gratitude to the reviewers who reviewed and upgraded the journal’s contents. It is very hard to imagine this journal with their crucial help and guidance. We apologize for not being able to incorporate all the articles due to some academic standards and expectations. I would also like to take this opportunity to thank Dr. Angel Magar, without whom this journal would be impossible. His valuable guidence help us shape the journal. We shall forever the indebted to him for his support. Dr. Bibek Rajbhandari is another individual we need to thank. His hard work and dedication can be seen in our journal. We are grateful for his help and support. We appreciate everything he has done selflessly and for the betterment of the journal. We would like to acknowledge Dr. Krishna Rana (JNMA Assistant Editor) and JNMA Trainees (Asmita Neupane, Rakshya Pandey, Suzit Bhusal, Suraj Shrestha, Nabin Sundas, Prastuti Shrestha, Riyaz Shrestha, Prabha Bhandari, Nita Lohala, Samiksha Lamichhane, Sushmita Bhattarai, Laxman Aryal, Barsha Karki and Kajol Ghimire, Sushil Dahal, Shraddha Bhattarai) for the consistent support during the phase of publication. REFERENCES Inis C. The WHO Strategy on research for Health. France:WHO,2012. Santosa A, Wall S,Fottrell E,Hogberg U, Byass P.The Deveopment and experience of epidemological transition theory over four decades: a systematic review. Glob Health Action.2014;7:10. Mohmoud F, Mohamed F. A practical guide for health researchers. Eastern Mediteranean:WHO Regional Publications, 2004. Clauset A, Arbesmans, Larremore D. Systematic inequtiy and hierarcy i faculty hiring networks. Sci.Adv.2015;1:e 1400005. Koul B, Kanwar A (ed.). Toward a Culture of Quality. Vancouver:Common Wealth of Learning, 2006.

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Das, Anup Kumar. "The Hiring of Labour for Field Cultivation: A Study in the Brahmaputra Valley of Northeast India." International Journal of Rural Management, May 18, 2022, 097300522210971. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/09730052221097187.

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On the basis of household-level data, the present study examines the hiring of farm labour in the Brahmaputra Valley of Assam in the north-eastern part of India. By adopting a multi-stage sampling technique, the primary data were collected from 237 randomly selected field crop cultivating households located in the lower, upper and central parts of the Brahmaputra Valley. The hiring of labour for field cultivation is extensive among the sample farm households of all size groups, but it varies across locations and activities. There are three forms of farm labour hiring, among which the hiring of labour on daily basis is common and pre-dominant. The wage of farm labourers is not same across activities, sex and locations. The estimation of independent double hurdle model depicts the farm size, type of cultivator and age of head of the household as the common factors that affect both the adoption and the extent of hiring of farm labour. The availability of family labour is another factor that affects the extent of hiring of farm labour.

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Van Eck, Ernest, and John S. Kloppenborg. "An unexpected patron: A social-scientific and realistic reading of the parable of the Vineyard Labourers (Mt 20:1–15)." HTS Teologiese Studies / Theological Studies 71, no. 1 (March 23, 2015). http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/hts.v71i1.2883.

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Many readings of the Parable of the Labourers in the vineyard want to treat the owner as representing God. Knowledge of actual agricultural practices relating to the management of vineyards suggest, on the contrary, that the details of the parable obstruct an easy identification of the owner with God, and that he displays unusual behaviour not only by paying all the labourers the same wage, but by his very intervention in the hiring process. The conclusion reached is that the parable constructs the vineyard owner, typically one of the nouveau riche who lived in cities, not only as a ‘good employer’ but also, contrary to expectation, as a patron who intervened well beyond the strict norms of economic exchange.

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Xweso, Mzukisi, Catherina Schenck, and Derick Blaauw. "“Will wait for the government pension here”: Structural factors impacting on day labourers’ access to employment in East London, South Africa." Local Economy: The Journal of the Local Economy Policy Unit, August 3, 2021, 026909422110364. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/02690942211036406.

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The study investigated barriers and enablers that day labourers in East London, in the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa, experience while attempting to access temporary employment opportunities. The focus was on the constraints and enablers of the structures in East London’s local economy. The research adopted a sequential exploratory design, utilising a three-phase approach. The first phase of the study was a quantitative process to determine the socio-economic profile of the day labourers. The second and third phases were qualitative. In phase 3, semi-structured interviews were conducted with day labourers at three selected hiring sites. Political interference, lack of access to information, insufficient skills and skills accreditation, a difficult local business environment and limited access to the Extended Public Works Programme as a result of age and gender are the key endogenous and exogenous constraints and structures at play in the day labour market in East London. These structures render day labourers structurally vulnerable despite the agency and resilience displayed through their daily endeavours. The COVID-19 pandemic illustrates this vulnerability vividly. It is imperative that the government revisits relevant policies to accommodate the ‘missing middle’ still on the margins and outside the catchment area of protective measures.

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Blaauw, Phillip F., Ilse Botha, and Catherina Schenck. "The subjective well-being of day labourers in South Africa: The role of income and geographical location." South African Journal of Economic and Management Sciences 21, no. 1 (April 30, 2018). http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/sajems.v21i1.2087.

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Background: The informal economy in South Africa provides employment to large numbers of people who would otherwise have no opportunity to earn a living. Yet informal activities, such as day labouring, generate highly uncertain returns. Although it seems reasonable to conclude that day labourers would be dissatisfied with their lives, this is not necessarily the case as several factors contribute to people’s subjective well-being. Aim: This study is in response to a call for more research on the subjective well-being of marginalised groups in South Africa’s informal labour market. Setting: The day labour market in South Africa, whose members congregate at hiring sites hoping to be picked up by passers-by in need of temporary, casual workers. Methods: Using Sen’s Capability Approach, the study builds on earlier research conducted on the general well-being of day labourers in South Africa, with specific focus on their subjective well-being and geographical location. The results from a countrywide survey of 3830 day labourers were used in a regression analysis to compare the subjective well-being among day labourers across the nine provinces of South Africa. Results: There are statistically significant differences in the well-being of day labourers across the nine provinces. Economic variables play a role in both objective and subjective measures of well-being, while attitudinal and comparison variables are significant for the objective and subjective measures, respectively. Conclusions: Although they have to operate in harsh conditions, day labourers in South Africa display agency by choosing to migrate to richer provinces in search of greater economic opportunity and reward. However, these potential gains are often negated by increased levels of competition and thus depressed wage levels. How to nurture marginalised groups’ abilities to exercise agency and take more control of their lives represents fertile ground for researchers in future.

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Xweso, Mzukisi, Derick Blaauw, and Catherina Schenck. "“I do not Have Anything Else, Bra”: The Hardships of Day Labourers in East London, South Africa, and the Implications for Developmental Social Welfare/Work." Southern African Journal of Social Work and Social Development 32, no. 2 (July 6, 2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.25159/2415-5829/7462.

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The social work profession has seen significant changes in approach, with more focus on developmental social welfare in response to structural injustices, poverty, inequality, well-being and development. Day labouring is a global phenomenon and typical of the South African informal sector. This study analyses the hardships of day labourers in East London to reflect on developmental social welfare and its relevance for informal workers in South Africa. A sequential explanatory research design and a mixed-methods approach were adopted. In phase 1 (quantitative), 131 participants were interviewed. In the second phase qualitative interviews were conducted with 18 participants at six different hiring sites. The findings reveal that day labourers work under conditions in which even their basic human rights cannot be guaranteed. Failure to take decisive steps to ensure that their rights are upheld amounts to turning a blind eye to the gross exploitation of one segment of society by another. An inclusive, appreciative and participatory approach is needed to facilitate strategies to integrate informal workers such as day labourers into initiatives that are designed to grant social justice to groups who continue to be marginalised and to live in abject poverty more than two decades after the official demise of apartheid.

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Nanjunda, D. C., and Pulamaghatta N. Venugopal. "Hard and Invisible Bricks in the Wall: An Empirical Investigation on Gender, Caste, and Health Among Migrant Brick Workers in South India." Journal of the Anthropological Survey of India, October 27, 2021, 2277436X2110461. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2277436x211046125.

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The current cross-sectional study is on the pathetic and excruciating conditions of employees in the brick industry conducted using a mixed-method approach in selected kilns from the four Districts of Karnataka State, South India. India is the country producing the highest number of bricks after China. Economic coercion is pushing the massive poor, especially the women labourers to engage in hard physical labour to survive. This study has explored that labourers in the brick industry are being exploited and excluded in voluminous ways. Caste plays a predominant role while hiring, wage fixation, and assigning the job at kilns. Women labour is being devalued in the name of the traditional and irrational social construction of gender. Sexual exploitations, low payment, restless work, harassment, absence of labour laws, are common here. It is found that rigid intergenerational occupational mobility into unorganised sectors among lower-caste people, as well as intra/intra-community social networks, among brick workers, are being called into question. We conclude that this is the time to think about the ‘National Register of Interstate Migrants’ and ‘National Mission to the Brick Industry’ in the context of the post-economic situation of COVID-19.

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Mago, Vishal. "EP.FRI.148 Profile and management of Hand injuries in a tertiary institute." British Journal of Surgery 108, Supplement_7 (October 1, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/bjs/znab312.030.

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Abstract Aims To outline the demographic profile and outcome of hand injuries in a tertiary institution Methods This study was done over a period of 4 years in a tertiary institution in patients presenting with open hand injuries and management protocols will be discussed based on presentation in emergency and opd of burn and plastic surgery. Results Majority of patients were labourers or skilled artisans who sustained injury during operation of machines and right hand was predominantly affected. Maximum injuries occurred in night time. Traumatic amputations were commonly seen along with involvement of thumb in some patients. Various reconstructive options will be discussed based on the involvement of hand injury. Conclusion Proper knowledge of mechanism of injury can guide in the management of patients. Exposure to machines and hazard prevention should be taught in factory establishments or threshers for reducing this menace.

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"Levels, Pattern and Distribution of Income of Farmers in Rural Punjab: An Empirical Analysis." Indian Journal of Economics and Development, June 6, 2020, 112–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.35716/ijed/ns20-050.

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The present study examined the levels, pattern and distribution of income of farmers in rural Punjab. For this purpose, the primary data was collected from 510 farm households randomly from the selected villages from all the development blocks of the high, medium and low productivity regions during the period of 2015-16. The results of the study revealed that average household and per capita income increased with an increase in the farm size. The average household income of the large farm-size category was 9.94 and 6.31 times of the marginal and small farm-size categories, respectively. Farm business income was the largest source of income for all the farm-size categories followed by milk and milk products. The marginal and small farm-size categories have to work as labourers in agricultural and non-agricultural sector due to inadequate income from small landholdings, whereas the semi-medium, medium and large farm-size categories supplemented their income by hiring out agricultural machinery. The marginal and small farm-size categories earned 6.05 and 4.28 times less per capita income than the large farm-size category. The study showed the highly skewed distribution of per household and per capita income among farmers in the rural areas of Punjab.

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