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1
Ghnaya, Imed. "Résilience de la perception collective et augmentée des véhicules autonomes connectés par les C-ITS." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Bordeaux, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024BORD0068.
Анотація:
Les Systèmes de Transport Intelligents Coopératifs (C-ITS) représentent une approche avancée dans le transport moderne. Ces systèmes exploitent les technologies de communication, telles que ETSI ITS-G5 et Cellular Vehicle-to-Everything (C-V2X), pour améliorer la sécurité routière et le flux de trafic. Au cœur des C-ITS se trouve le concept de perception coopérative, une caractéristique transformatrice qui permet aux Véhicules Coopératifs et Autonomes (CAVs) et aux unités d'infrastructure routière de partager et d'analyser collectivement les données de divers capteurs, y compris les caméras, le lidar et le radar. Cette coopération est facilitée par l'échange de Messages de Perception Coopérative (CPM), qui fournissent une description des objets routiers détectés, via des réseaux de communication. L'objectif principal est d'améliorer la conscience environnementale des CAVs, en particulier dans des scénarios complexes comme les conditions d’obstructions. Cependant, plusieurs défis surviennent avec l'augmentation du volume de données généré par les CAVs et les capteurs d'infrastructure. Ces défis incluent mais ne se limitent pas à :- Surcharge de Données dans les Réseaux de Communication : Le volume croissant de données générées par les capteurs embarqués conduit à des réseaux de communication congestionnés. Cette congestion peut retarder ou empêcher la transmission d'informations cruciales dans les CPMs, empêchant les CAVs de recevoir des informations pertinentes, qui peuvent être essentielles pour une navigation sûre et une opération efficace.- Méthodes Inefficaces de Contrôle de la Congestion et d'Allocation des Ressources : Les méthodes actuelles du contrôle de la congestion et d'allocation des ressources peuvent ne pas gérer efficacement le volume élevé de trafic de données dans les réseaux C-ITS. Ces méthodes échouent souvent à considérer la criticité de certains scénarios contextuels de données qui peuvent conduire à une utilisation sous-optimale des ressources réseau. Cette inefficacité peut entraîner que les informations de perception soient dépriorisées ou perdues, affectant davantage la capacité des CAVs à percevoir et répondre précisément à leurs environnements de conduite.Cette thèse, intitulée « Résilience de la Perception Coopérative et Augmentée des Véhicules Autonomes Connectés par C-ITS », se concentre sur les défis d'amélioration de la résilience et de la qualité des systèmes de perception coopérative et augmentée des CAVs. Elle propose des mécanismes robustes pour aborder les problèmes clés à travers deux contributions principales. La première, intitulée « Stratégies de Perception Coopérative et Augmentée Intelligentes pour les CAVs à travers des Techniques d'Apprentissage par Renforcement », se concentre sur le développement de stratégies intelligentes utilisant l'apprentissage par renforcement pour optimiser la perception coopérative des CAVs. Les méthodes proposées dans le cadre de cette contribution permettent aux CAVs d’adapter continuellement leur partage de données à l’état actuelle de l’environnement, améliorant ainsi la sécurité et l'efficacité dans diverses conditions de conduite. La deuxième contribution, « Allocation de Ressources Adaptative pour une Perception Coopérative et Augmentée Optimisée des CAVs », aborde la gestion des ressources dans les systèmes C-ITS. Elle propose une allocation adaptative des ressources de communication dans le réseau ITS-G5, optimisant l'échange d'informations entre les CAVs et l'infrastructure routière. Cette approche vise à réduire la congestion du canna et assurer une perception environnementale fiable et en temps réel pour les CAVs, contribuant ainsi à la résilience et à la qualité améliorées des systèmes de perception coopérative et augmentéeCooperative Intelligent Transport Systems (C-ITS) represent an advanced approach in modern transportation. They leverage communication technologies, such as ETSI ITS-G5 and Cellular Vehicle-to-Everything (C-V2X), to enhance road safety and traffic flow. Central to C-ITS is the concept of cooperative perception, a transformative feature that enables Cooperative and Autonomous Vehicles (CAVs) and roadside infrastructure units to share and collectively analyze data from various sensors, including cameras, lidar, and radar. This cooperation is facilitated through the exchange of Cooperative Perception Messages (CPM), which provide a high-level description of detected road objects, via communication networks. The primary objective is to enhance the environmental awareness of CAVs, especially in complex scenarios like non-line-of-sight conditions. However, several challenges arise with the increasing volume of data generated by CAVs and infrastructure sensors. These challenges includes but not limited to:- Data Overloads in Communication Networks: The growing volume of data generated by onboard sensors leads to congested communication networks. This congestion can delay or prevent the transmission of crucial information in CPMs, impairing CAVs’ from receiving timely and relevant information, which may be essential for safe navigation and efficient operation.- Inefficient Congestion Control and Resource Allocation Methods: Current methods may not effectively manage the high volume of data traffic in C-ITS networks. They often fail to consider the criticality of certain data contextual scenarios that can lead to suboptimal utilization of network resources. This inefficiency can result in perception information being deprioritized or lost, further affecting the CAVs ability to accurately perceive and respond to their driving environments.This thesis, titled « Resilience of Cooperative and Augmented Perception of Autonomous Vehicles Connected by C-ITS, » focuses on the challenges of improving the resilience and quality of cooperative and augmented perception systems for CAVs. It proposes robust mechanisms to address key issues through two main contributions. The first, titled « Intelligent Cooperative and Augmented Perception Strategies for CAVs through Reinforcement Learning Techniques, » focuses on the development of intelligent strategies using reinforcement learning to optimize the cooperative perception of CAVs. These strategies allow CAVs to continuously adapt their data sharing to the current state of the environment, thus improving safety and efficiency in various driving conditions. The second contribution, « Adaptive Resource Allocation for Optimized Cooperative and Augmented Perception of CAVs, » addresses resource management in C-ITS systems. It proposes an adaptive allocation of communication resources in the ITS-G5 network, optimizing the exchange of information between CAVs and roadside infrastructure. These methods aim to reduce channel congestion and ensure reliable and real-time perception for CAVs, thus contributing to the improved resilience and quality of cooperative and augmented perception systems
2
Lukens, Jonathan. "DIY infrastructure." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/47634.
Анотація:
This document investigates a set of projects I call DIY Infrastructure, in which designers are building alternative infrastructural systems. Through these projects, new actors-often non-experts-reveal and re-imagine long-established social and technological relationships which were previously off limits to them. These projects are significant to the study of design and digital media for the following reasons:
First, they detail a new area of design. The designers of DIY infrastructure present an expansion of the scope of design coupled with a nuanced and almost paradoxical understanding of infrastructure as an intractable and exceedingly complex problem. At the same time, their work reveals the extensive social and political effects of existing design decisions-the far-reaching consequences of the design decisions which formed existing infrastructure. These decisions are in play across a variety of scales of time and space, affecting individual bodies as much as continental ecosystems, and shaping personal behavior as much as global commerce and trade.
Second, they expand the scope of digital media studies. Digital media studies often overlook infrastructure, in spite of their interdependence. Digital media are involved in areas including the control and monitoring of the electrical system, the treatment and movement of water and sewage, and the routing of freight through intermodal shipping systems. The study of DIY infrastructure design, and infrastructure more broadly, exposes the role of digital media in shaping these overlooked aspects of modern life. There is an invisible relationship between digital media, infrastructure, and political authority, and it includes the interdependence of infrastructure and the contingent nature of our ongoing reliance on these complex sociotechnical systems.
For example, Cloacina is the project of two activists developing a new municipal waste disposal system in which a decentralized networked system significantly lessens the amount of water used in processing human waste. Another project, Feral Trade Courier, employs the sort of shipping database we might associate with FedEx or UPS to facilitate an alternative shipping infrastructure, in which volunteers transport goods in an ad hoc freight network.
I begin by surveying and defining DIY practice, delineating the properties of infrastructure, and determining the ways that those properties and practices can be augmented or diminished by the affordances of digital media. Next, I review the attributes that these DIY infrastructure projects share before revealing their significance through in-depth case studies. Finally, each of these case studies highlights a particular lesson from DIY infrastructure. Feral Trade Courier exposes the role of the social and the subjective in the design of logistics systems. Village Telco and Fluid Nexus show us that the relationship between established infrastructure and DIY infrastructure can be both complementary and antagonistic. Cloacina provides us an example of a way that DIY infrastructure might scale up and effect lasting sociotechnical change.
Whether motivated to reveal or overcome dependence on infrastructure, address flaws in its design, or correct externalities generated by its use, new designers have begun to engage with the problem of infrastructure in new ways. This document analyzes these design projects through a series of case studies, synthesizing a new perspective on the study of infrastructure through design and on the scope of digital media research along the way.
3
Murithi, Kirimania (Kirimania Mwiti) 1974. "IP multicast in digital television transmission infrastructure." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/86694.
Анотація:
Thesis (M.Eng. and S.B.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 2001.Includes bibliographical references (leaf 88).
by Kirimania Murithi.
M.Eng.and S.B.
4
Sheppard, Daniel P. "Infrastructure to support reasoning with documents." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.247567.
5
Noora, Jay Maryam. "Defining infrastructure requirements for the creation of Digital Twins." Thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för innovation, design och teknik, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-51051.
Анотація:
Along with the evolution of the new technologies such as industrial internet of things (IIoT), big data, cloud computing, artificial intelligence (AI), etc., the amalgamation between the cyber and physical worlds in the industrial field has become necessary to realize and achieve the smart factory and increase its productivity. The emergence of the Digital Twin (DT) concept as a technology that ties the physical and digital worlds has gained significant attention around the world during the last years. However, this concept is relatively new; the literature related to this concept is limited, and its application is still under development and requires further participation from both the industry and academia. This thesis project presented the main requirements and the steps for building a DT. Three research questions have been formulated and answered separately to fulfill the objective of this research study. The answer to the first two research questions was mainly based on surveying the scientific literature to explore this concept's background, main infrastructure, related technologies, its applications in the manufacturing domain, open issues, and some opportunities and challenges that hinder its implementation. Further, the answer to the last research question is represented in proposing a general methodology with some detailed steps for DT's building process and validating this methodology with an existing case study to show it works in practice. Further, several aspects needed for future work have also been addressed.
6
Mangione, Anthony F. "Reconciling Craft with Digital Design: Building a New Infrastructure." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1448037156.
7
Hansson, Nilson Leo. "Inevitable Algorimages : The Necropolitical Infrastructure of YouTube's Digital Dispositif." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Institutionen för mediestudier, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-169547.
Анотація:
This thesis explores the relation between technology and the social, how they determine and naturalize each other, by examining YouTube's socio-technical infrastructure. YouTube is theorized as a dispositif that produces regimes of knowledge, power and subjectification within "control societies" characterized by an informational mode of production. Utilizing a media archaeological and materialist, critical theoretical approach, I analyze YouTube's database, interface, users, algorithms and protocols alongside economic factors, media, advertising and intellectual property laws, as technical and social forces of production in which power relations arise. I find that YouTube incites users to make themselves visible through information inputs, processed by database algorithms to produce outputs as inevitable representations of user actions. On the interface, this is translated as a sequence of algorimages, defined by what is "up next", in accordance with an information and "attention economy" extracting revenue by capturing and commodifying users' attention into hierarchies of value. I conclude that algorimages, whether of cats or political violence, are made homogeneous by the execution of an algorithmic command of continual update, propagating them through their destruction as necropower in a necropolitical regime of visibility, producing YouTube as an "ecology of finitude" and control societies as an inevitable, "third nature".
8
Oja, Björn. "Digital projekthantering och införandet av BIM i projekteringen." Thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för samhällsbyggnad och naturresurser, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-75176.
9
Van, 'T Hof Marcus Daniel. "Digital boundaries: A study into how mobile devices and information + communication technologies can influence the social programming, spatial conditions and construction of public architecture." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/27988.
Анотація:
DIGITAL BOUNDARIES explores the notion of how ICTs and mobile devices can influence the social programming, spatial conditions and construction of public architecture. This topic is derived from the study of Urban Informatics which looks at three key actors: people, place and technology. This can be seen in South Africa where many young individuals inhabit public buildings in the urban environment purely to be connected to wireless internet through their mobile devices. This is done so that they are able to do research for studies, look for job opportunities or socialise. This digital infrastructure then becomes an important aspect of the public realm, not only for personal benefit and need, but for attracting people to place. Situated in the Nyanga Junction precinct south of Gugulethu, the architectural proposition looks at adding digital infrastructure to this complex precinct in the informal area of Cape Town through three scales of architecture; small, medium and large. The small scale is that of Wi-Fi hotspots at street level embedded within the informal market at ten strategically located sites. The medium scale interventions are upgrades to four existing trade posts elevated above at first floor level. Lastly the large scale which is of catalytic and institutional architecture at two proposed sites, of which one is the main architectural focus of the design dissertation and explored further. The architectural programme provides spaces for: IT learning and skills development to help individuals seek employment, collaborative hubs for those developing new entrepreneurial ideas, and youth hubs for students to study and socialise. These three scales and their locality have been informed by social thresholds developed through the theory and technology studies that have been influential in the urban strategy of the design dissertation. It has created a framework for digital infrastructure to be implemented that will help enhance the public realm for a safer and more conducive urban environment.
10
Lama, Salomon Abraham. "Digital State Models for Infrastructure Condition Assessment and Structural Testing." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/84502.
Анотація:
This research introduces and applies the concept of digital state models for civil infrastructure condition assessment and structural testing. Digital state models are defined herein as any transient or permanent 3D model of an object (e.g. textured meshes and point clouds) combined with any electromagnetic radiation (e.g., visible light, infrared, X-ray) or other two-dimensional image-like representation. In this study, digital state models are built using visible light and used to document the transient state of a wide variety of structures (ranging from concrete elements to cold-formed steel columns and hot-rolled steel shear-walls) and civil infrastructures (bridges). The accuracy of digital state models was validated in comparison to traditional sensors (e.g., digital caliper, crack microscope, wire potentiometer). Overall, features measured from the 3D point clouds data presented a maximum error of ±0.10 in. (±2.5 mm); and surface features (i.e., crack widths) measured from the texture information in textured polygon meshes had a maximum error of ±0.010 in. (±0.25 mm). Results showed that digital state models have a similar performance between all specimen surface types and between laboratory and field experiments. Also, it is shown that digital state models have great potential for structural assessment by significantly improving data collection, automation, change detection, visualization, and augmented reality, with significant opportunities for commercial development. Algorithms to analyze and extract information from digital state models such as cracks, displacement, and buckling deformation are developed and tested. Finally, the extensive data sets collected in this effort are shared for research development in computer vision-based infrastructure condition assessment, eliminating the major obstacle for advancing in this field, the absence of publicly available data sets.Ph. D.
11
Siberski, Wolf. "A schema-based peer-to-peer infrastructure for digital library networks." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2006. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=983762465.
12
Brodic, Bojan. "Multicomponent digital-based seismic land-streamer for urban underground infrastructure planning." Licentiate thesis, Uppsala universitet, Geofysik, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-267426.
13
Hasan, S. M. Shamimul. "A Semantic Web-Based Digital Library Infrastructure to Facilitate Computational Epidemiology." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/88386.
Анотація:
Computational epidemiology generates and utilizes massive amounts of data. There are two primary categories of datasets: reported and synthetic. Reported data include epidemic data published by organizations (e.g., WHO, CDC, other national ministries and departments of health) during and following actual outbreaks, while synthetic datasets are comprised of spatially explicit synthetic populations, labeled social contact networks, multi-cell statistical experiments, and output data generated from the execution of computer simulation experiments. The discipline of computational epidemiology encounters numerous challenges because of the size, volume, and dynamic nature of both types of these datasets.
In this dissertation, we present semantic web-based schemas to organize diverse reported and synthetic computational epidemiology datasets. There are three layers of these schemas: conceptual, logical, and physical. The conceptual layer provides data abstraction by exposing common entities and properties to the end user. The logical layer captures data fragmentation and linking aspects of the datasets. The physical layer covers storage aspects of the datasets. We can create mapping files from the schemas. The schemas are flexible and can grow.
The schemas presented include data linking approaches that can connect large-scale and widely varying epidemic datasets. This linked data leads to an integrated knowledge-base, enabling an epidemiologist to ask complex queries that employ multiple datasets. We demonstrate the utility of our knowledge-base by developing a query bank, which represents typical analyses carried out by an epidemiologist during the course of planning for or responding to an epidemic. By running queries with different data mapping techniques, we demonstrate the performance of various tools. The empirical results show that leveraging semantic web technology is an effective strategy for: reasoning over multiple datasets simultaneously, developing network queries pertinent in an epidemic analysis, and conducting realistic studies undertaken in an epidemic investigation. The performance of queries varies according to the choice of hardware, underlying database, and resource description framework (RDF) engine. We provide application programming interfaces (APIs) on top of our linked datasets, which an epidemiologist can use for information retrieval, without knowing much about underlying datasets. The proposed semantic web-based digital library infrastructure can be highly beneficial for epidemiologists as they work to comprehend disease propagation for timely outbreak detection and efficient disease control activities.PHD
14
Klic, Lukas <1983>. "Digital publishing and research infrastructure for cultural heritage : an institutional roadmap." Doctoral thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/15587.
Анотація:
The burgeoning field of Digital Humanities has seen a great deal of interest in methodologies that support the exploration, cross-pollination, and programmatic analysis of heritage collections across the web of data. Although the heritage community has generally agreed that these data should be semantically enriched using the CIDOC Conceptual Reference Model and published as Linked Open Data, a lack of agreement at both data and infrastructural levels has hindered advancements that would allow for greater data integration and computational exploration. This project provides an institutional roadmap for publishing such data in a Semantic Web research environment, proposing a set of best practices for the community. Using a collection of 230,000 images and index metadata, this project presents methodologies and tools for data cleaning, reconciliation, enrichment, and transformation for publishing in a native Resource Description Framework system. A semantic framework for integrating computer vision services enables subsequent enrichment and visual analysis, enabling the mass-digitization of heritage collections with minimal burden on institutions, all while ensuring the long-term preservation and interoperability of these data at a global scale.
15
Sjöberg, Mikael. "Post-quantum algorithms for digital signing in Public Key Infrastructures." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för datavetenskap och kommunikation (CSC), 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-210909.
Анотація:
One emerging threat to Public Key Infrastructures is the possible development of large-scale quantum computers, which would be able to break the public-key cryptosystems used today. Several possibly post-quantum secure cryptographic algorithms have been proposed but so far they have not been used in many practical settings. The purpose of this thesis was to find post-quantum digital signature algorithms that might be suitable for use in Public Key Infrastructures today. To answer the research question, an extensive literature study was conducted where relevant algorithms were surveyed. Algorithms with high-grade implementations in different cryptographic libraries were benchmarked for performance. Hash-based XMSS and SPHINCS, multivariate-based Rainbow and lattice-based BLISS-B were benchmarked and the results showed that BLISS-B offered the best performance, on par with RSA and ECDSA. All the algorithms did however have relatively large signature sizes and/or key sizes. Support for post-quantum digital signature algorithms in Public Key Infrastructure products could easily be achieved since many algorithms are implemented in cryptographic libraries. The algorithms that could be recommended for use today were SPHINCS for high-security applications and possibly BLISS-B for lower security applications requiring higher efficiency. The biggest obstacles to widespread deployment of post-quantum algorithms was deemed to be lack of standardisation and either inefficient operations compared to classical algorithms, uncertain security levels, or both.Ett nytt hot mot Public Key Infrastructures är den möjliga utvecklingen av storskaliga kvantdatorer som kan knäcka de asymmetriska kryptosystem som används idag. Ett flertal eventuellt kvantsäkra algoritmer har presenterats men de har än så länge inte sett mycket praktisk användning. Målet med detta examensarbete var att försöka identifiera eventuellt kvantsäkra signaturalgoritmer som skulle kunna lämpa sig för användning i Public Key Infrastructures idag. För att besvara forskningsfrågan gjordes en utredande litteraturstudie där relevanta signaturalgoritmer identifierades. Därefter prestandatestades de algoritmer som var implementerade i kryptografiska bibliotek. De algoritmer som prestandatestades var de hash-baserade algoritmerna XMSS och SPHINCS, flervariabel-baserade Rainbow och gitter-baserade BLISS-B. Resultaten visade att BLISS-B hade bäst prestanda och att prestandan var i nivå med RSA och ECDSA. Samtliga algoritmer hade emellertid relativt stora signatur- och/eller nyckelstorlekar. Eventuellt kvantsäkra algoritmer skulle redan idag kunna stödjas i Public Key Infrastructures eftersom många algoritmer finns implementerade i kryptografiska bibliotek. SPHINCS kunde rekommenderas när hög säkerhet krävs medan BLISS-B möjligtvis skulle kunna användas när lägre säkerhet kan tolereras i utbyte mot bättre prestanda. Största hindren för utbredd användning ansågs vara en brist på standardisering samt ineffektiva operationer jämfört med klassiska algoritmer och/eller tveksamma säkerhetsnivåer.
16
Allwein, Florian. "The role of digital infrastructures in performances of organizational agility." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2017. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/3510/.
Анотація:
Organizational agility has received much attention from practitioners and researchers in Information Systems. Existing research on agility, however, often conceptualizes information systems in a traditional way, while not reflecting sufficiently on how, as a consequence of digitalization, they are turning into open systems defined by characteristics like modularity and generativity. The concept of digital infrastructures captures this shift and stresses the evolving, socio-technical nature of such systems. This thesis sees IT in large companies as digital infrastructures and organizational agility as a performance within them. In order to explain how such infrastructures can support performances of agility, a focus on the interactions between IT, information and the people using and designing them is proposed. A case study was conducted within Telco, a large telecommunications firm in the United Kingdom. It presents three projects employees regarded as agile. A critical realist ontology is applied in order to identify generative mechanisms for agility. The thesis develops a theory of agility as a performance within digital infrastructures. This contains the central generative mechanism of agilization – making an organization more agile by cultivating digital infrastructures and minding flows of information to attain an appropriate level of agility. This is supported by the related mechanisms of informatization and infrastructuralization. Moreover, the concept of bounded agility illustrates how people in large organizations do not strive for agility unreservedly, instead aiming for agility in well-defined areas that does not put the business at risk. This theory of agility and the concept of bounded agility constitute the main theoretical contributions of this thesis. It also contributes clear definitions of the terms ‘information’ and ‘data’ and aligns them to the ontology of critical realism. Finally, the proposed mechanisms contribute to an emerging middle range theory of organizational agility that will be useful for practitioners.
17
Kouhbor, Shahnaz University of Ballarat. "Optimal number and placement of network infrastructure in wireless networks." University of Ballarat, 2007. http://archimedes.ballarat.edu.au:8080/vital/access/HandleResolver/1959.17/12762.
Анотація:
Wireless Local Area Networks (WLANs) have become a major success in telecommunications during the last few years, due to advantages such as mobility, flexibility, and easier maintenance. A device called an access point (AP) acts as a base station in WLAN for connecting a group of users to the network via radio signal. During the planning of such a network an important problem is to determine the optimal number of these devices and their placement/distribution so that coverage, capacity, and physical security are maximised at minimum cost. In this thesis we are using continuous optimisation techniques to optimise the number of APs and their distribution while cost of deployment is reduced and physical security of the network is enhanced. To find the number and placement of APs, we developed a multi-objective functions model based on path losses and power for free space environments. The two functions in the models are combined by using a balancing parameter. Since it is recognised that some of the objectives can be handled one at a time, in another approach, we followed a step-by-step procedure. We start with a novel optimisation model based on path losses for indoor environments including obstacles. Cost of deployment is saved by finding the minimum number of APs ensuring that the path loss at each test point/receiver is below the given maximum path loss. Next, the physical security of the network is enhanced by placing the APs far from places accessible to unauthorised users to reduce the risk of intrusion into the network. This is achieved in the framework of the model by introducing potential unauthorised users in unauthorised areas for whom coverage is minimised. Due to the presence of obstacles in indoor buildings, the path loss function is discontinuous. Therefore, the objective functions are very complicated and most of the existing optimisation algorithms cannot be applied to solve the problem. We use a global optimisation algorithm that is not used by other researchers to solve the same problem. To validate the accuracy of the optimisation model and performance of the numerical methods, we run tests on several indoor buildings and use wide range of WLAN parameters. The results demonstrate the quality of our model and algorithm. Based on the proposed model and algorithm, we developed a software to assist the network designers in planning wireless LANs.Doctor of Philosophy
18
Kouhbor, Shahnaz. "Optimal number and placement of network infrastructure in wireless networks." Thesis, University of Ballarat, 2007. http://researchonline.federation.edu.au/vital/access/HandleResolver/1959.17/65892.
Анотація:
Wireless Local Area Networks (WLANs) have become a major success in telecommunications during the last few years, due to advantages such as mobility, flexibility, and easier maintenance. A device called an access point (AP) acts as a base station in WLAN for connecting a group of users to the network via radio signal. During the planning of such a network an important problem is to determine the optimal number of these devices and their placement/distribution so that coverage, capacity, and physical security are maximised at minimum cost. In this thesis we are using continuous optimisation techniques to optimise the number of APs and their distribution while cost of deployment is reduced and physical security of the network is enhanced. To find the number and placement of APs, we developed a multi-objective functions model based on path losses and power for free space environments. The two functions in the models are combined by using a balancing parameter. Since it is recognised that some of the objectives can be handled one at a time, in another approach, we followed a step-by-step procedure. We start with a novel optimisation model based on path losses for indoor environments including obstacles. Cost of deployment is saved by finding the minimum number of APs ensuring that the path loss at each test point/receiver is below the given maximum path loss. Next, the physical security of the network is enhanced by placing the APs far from places accessible to unauthorised users to reduce the risk of intrusion into the network. This is achieved in the framework of the model by introducing potential unauthorised users in unauthorised areas for whom coverage is minimised. Due to the presence of obstacles in indoor buildings, the path loss function is discontinuous. Therefore, the objective functions are very complicated and most of the existing optimisation algorithms cannot be applied to solve the problem. We use a global optimisation algorithm that is not used by other researchers to solve the same problem. To validate the accuracy of the optimisation model and performance of the numerical methods, we run tests on several indoor buildings and use wide range of WLAN parameters. The results demonstrate the quality of our model and algorithm. Based on the proposed model and algorithm, we developed a software to assist the network designers in planning wireless LANs.Doctor of Philosophy
19
Kouhbor, Shahnaz. "Optimal number and placement of network infrastructure in wireless networks." University of Ballarat, 2007. http://archimedes.ballarat.edu.au:8080/vital/access/HandleResolver/1959.17/14597.
Анотація:
Wireless Local Area Networks (WLANs) have become a major success in telecommunications during the last few years, due to advantages such as mobility, flexibility, and easier maintenance. A device called an access point (AP) acts as a base station in WLAN for connecting a group of users to the network via radio signal. During the planning of such a network an important problem is to determine the optimal number of these devices and their placement/distribution so that coverage, capacity, and physical security are maximised at minimum cost. In this thesis we are using continuous optimisation techniques to optimise the number of APs and their distribution while cost of deployment is reduced and physical security of the network is enhanced. To find the number and placement of APs, we developed a multi-objective functions model based on path losses and power for free space environments. The two functions in the models are combined by using a balancing parameter. Since it is recognised that some of the objectives can be handled one at a time, in another approach, we followed a step-by-step procedure. We start with a novel optimisation model based on path losses for indoor environments including obstacles. Cost of deployment is saved by finding the minimum number of APs ensuring that the path loss at each test point/receiver is below the given maximum path loss. Next, the physical security of the network is enhanced by placing the APs far from places accessible to unauthorised users to reduce the risk of intrusion into the network. This is achieved in the framework of the model by introducing potential unauthorised users in unauthorised areas for whom coverage is minimised. Due to the presence of obstacles in indoor buildings, the path loss function is discontinuous. Therefore, the objective functions are very complicated and most of the existing optimisation algorithms cannot be applied to solve the problem. We use a global optimisation algorithm that is not used by other researchers to solve the same problem. To validate the accuracy of the optimisation model and performance of the numerical methods, we run tests on several indoor buildings and use wide range of WLAN parameters. The results demonstrate the quality of our model and algorithm. Based on the proposed model and algorithm, we developed a software to assist the network designers in planning wireless LANs.Doctor of Philosophy
20
King, Jonathan Lee. "Deployable Infrastructure in Support of Science and Education." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/76890.
Анотація:
P.L.U.G. is a prototypical solution to a highly specialized design problem that emerged in support of remote biological field research in the Mahale mountains of Western Tanzania. In collaboration with researchers from the Virginia Maryland Regional College of Veterinary Medicine's (VMRCVM) Bush to Base Bioinformatics(B2B) group a team of students and faculty from the Virginia Tech School of Architecture + Design designed, constructed, tested, and deployed the mobile field laboratory which houses up to four researchers and includes clean laboratory space, living accommodation, autonomous electricity generation, and a satellite-based communications network. P.L.U.G. consists of two primary elements, a rigid enclosed laboratory and fabric super structure that are constructed using a series of functionally-complex building components that are designed to be carried and assembled by two researchers, in one day, without the use of tools. (Kaur etal. 2007) The resulting system can be mass produced and utilized in the establishment of infrastructure in remote, environmentally sensitive, and unstable environments and has implication in disaster relief housing, human heath stations, remote research, mobile educational facilities, and any other environment or event that requires rapidly deployable, self-sufficient infrastructure.
The prototype laboratory was successfully deployed during the summer of 2007 and has been field tested by the Virginia Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine (VMRCVM) Bush-2-Base Bioinformatics (B2B) research group. Currently the laboratory program exists as part of a newly developed long-term research initiative surrounding Deployable Infrastructure in Support of Science and Education (DISSed Lab) initiated by the author in response to perceived demand for such accommodation.Master of Science
21
Frank, Florian. "Hybrid analogue & digital access network architectures for the mobile/fixe infrastructure convergence." Phd thesis, Université Paris-Est, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00665650.
Анотація:
In order to realize the convergence of the optical infrastructure of fixed and mobile access networks, the objective of this thesis is to study the solutions for distributing native radio carriers through typical optical access networks.The first Part describes the contexts and the main physical properties of the optical and radio access networks: from nowadays deployed Fiber To The Home (FTTH) systems, and their expected evolutions, to the current radio system Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) towards the expected requirements of modern mobile radio systems. This allows to settle the optical environment in which the Radio over Fiber(RoF)-functionalities will have to be integrated, and to know on which radio systems'figures of merits to focus on when implementing it. The second Part shows the benefit and possibilities of re-using the optical infrastructure of the fixed access networks for distributed radio systems. Then a review of the analog and digital RoF techniques is proposed, and their feasibility of integration into legacy FTTH systems is discussed. The third part deals with the computing and simulations of an analog RoF-system where the optical link is either passive or optically pre-amplified, and even boosted. The goal is to provide numerical results to the practical lab. results of the second half of the fourth part where the Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR) matters. Therefore successively formal expressions, numerical results for simple 2-tone signals and more realistic UMTS signals are considered. The fourth and last part deals with the obtained practical results. These can be split into two main categories : Error Vector Magnitude (EVM)-oriented results where an Avalanche Photo-Detector (APD) is used for legacy and extended-reach PON architectures using a direction shared Semiconductor Optical Amplifier (SOA) ; and an Adjacent/Alternate Channel power Leakage Ratio (ACLR)-driven part where the focus is seton a very critical figure of merit of radio systems, especially in the downlink. The latter part turned out to be mandatory and prevailing over the initially considered EVM concerns. Hence several RoF architectures, compatible with PONs, are introduced in order to overcome the non-linearities undergone by the RoF-signals, induced by the chromatic dispersion of the PON's fiber and the laser chirp, and degrading the ACLR performances
22
Daly, Brenda. "Building biodiversity data infrastructure for science and decision-making: information needs and information-seeking patterns in South Africa." Master's thesis, Faculty of Humanities, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/32635.
Анотація:
Biodiversity information is critical to inform science-based policy development as well as to support responsible and accountable land-use planning and decision-making practices. The uptake of available information for these uses is, however, not yet quantified or understood. Here, the extent to which the needs of biodiversity information end-users in South Africa are supported via existing information sources was investigated, at the science, practice and policy interface, using the South African National Biodiversity Institute (SANBI's) online conservation mapping service users as a case study. A quantitative investigation of the information needs of end-users of biodiversity information was made, their information-seeking patterns analysed and the various uses of information by different user groups in South Africa investigated. This allowed for the implications of these needs and behaviour on system design and information provision to be formulated to better design the envisaged National Biodiversity Information System at SANBI. Based on a representative sample of end-users from policy, implementation and research backgrounds, a questionnaire was used and the responses were examined to determine which content was most useful, what barriers and enablers they face when trying to access biodiversity information, and what degree of interdisciplinary information is needed in addressing environmental problems. A sample of 778 (13%) respondents from a total of 5977 biodiversity information users was analysed from across the country. The study found that the lack of appropriate or available information remains one of the three highest unmet needs of biodiversity information end-users. The absence of good prior knowledge of sources of biodiversity information and unreliable and inaccurate information are two additional factors that hinder respondents in finding biodiversity information and achieving their goals. The major implication of information deficiency identified by respondents related to uncertain and/or inaccurate outcomes resulting in ill-informed decision-making. A key outcome of the analysis of the survey results are a series of recommendations on how these issues might be addressed, and it is envisioned that these may be used to help guide the development of a National Biodiversity Information System. A broad range of recommendations have been proposed, principally that the interoperability of information from various adjacent and disparate fields of study be combined with biodiversity information as a means of addressing environmental problems.
23
Forsgren, Tuuli, and Göran Larsson. "The digital infrastructure of the archives : workshop in Umeå and Sandslån 15-19 May 2000." Umeå universitet, Umeå universitetsbibliotek (UB), 2002. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-33294.
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Fleming, Theodor. "Decentralized Identity Management for a Maritime Digital Infrastructure : With focus on usability and data integrity." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Programvara och system, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-155115.
Анотація:
When the Internet was created it did not include any protocol for identifying the person behind the computer. Instead, the act of identification has primarily been established by trusting a third party. But, the rise of Distributed Ledger Technology has made it possible to authenticate a digital identity and build trust without the need of a third party. The Swedish Maritime Administration are currently validating a new maritime digital infrastructure for the maritime transportation industry. The goal is to reduce the number of accidents, fuel consumption and voyage costs. Involved actors has their identity stored in a central registry that relies on the trust of a third party. This thesis investigates how a conversion from the centralized identity registry to a decentralized identity registry affects the usability and the risk for compromised data integrity. This is done by implementing a Proof of Concept of a decentralized identity registry that replaces the current centralized registry, and comparing them. The decentralized Proof of Concept’s risk for compromised data integrity is 95.1% less compared with the centralized registry, but this comes with a loss of 53% in efficiency.
25
Romine, Jessica D. "Business Continuity and Resilience Engineering: How Organizations Prepare to Survive Disruptions to Vital Digital Infrastructure." The Ohio State University, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1330986438.
26
Picard, Stephan. "Leveraging the National Guard's existing Information Technology infrastructure to bridge the incident response digital divide." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2004. http://library.nps.navy.mil/uhtbin/hyperion/04Sep%5FPicard.pdf.
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Wallin, Rickard. "Blockkedjan : Organisationers möjligheter och utmaningar." Thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för system- och rymdteknik, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-72674.
Анотація:
Organizations wants to be at the top when it comes to using new technologies in order to retain a strong position on the market and also create innovative and unique service offerings. New technologies put pressure on organizations, that have to answer to its challenges. Blockchain is a new technology that is very well heard of, it is a complicated technology and is in constant development. The purpose of this study is to identify challenges that the blockchain technology brings to organizations as well what opportunities organizations are looking with the technology. There will also be discussions about potential opportunities that arise when organizations overcome the challenges and what the blockchain can contribute to digital services.Organisationer vill vara ledande inom nya teknologier för att skapa unika tjänsteerbjudande och behålla drivkraft. Nya teknologier sätter press på organisationer som måste besvara dess utmaningar. Blockkedjetekniken är en omtalad teknologi som har fått stor uppmärksamhet de senaste åren, tekniken är komplicerad och i ständig utveckling. Syftet med denna studie är att identifiera utmaningar som blockkedjetekniken medför till organisationer samt vad organisationer ser för möjligheter med tekniken. Det kommer att diskuteras potentiella möjligheter som uppstår när organisationer överkommer utmaningarna och vad tekniken kan bidra med till digitala tjänster. I kombination med tidigare forskning och en kvalitativ studie som utförts hos en organisation som tillhandahåller digitala tjänster och som är intresserade att investera i blockkedjan har utmaningar och möjligheter identifierats.
28
Rodriquez, Lorena. "COVID-19 AND ITS IMPACT ON A RAPID DIGITAL IMPLEMENTATION : An employee’s insight of a company without the prior infrastructure." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Sociologiska institutionen, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-187850.
Анотація:
The COVID-19 pandemic impacted many around the world, some more than others, having socioeconomic impacts around the globe. Due to its rapid spread many countries implemented restrictions, such as quarantines to uphold social distancing between its citizens. In addition, the coronavirus has not only affected people’s way of life but also many companies’ financial health worldwide. This pandemic’s side effects has resulted in increased digital transformation, causing many companies without the required infrastructure to rapidly implement mechanism and strategies to handle this type of work style. This studies aim is to give an insight in employee’s experiences and reactions to a rapid digital implementation, in a company without the infrastructure in place. With the help of an inductive approach and a multi level framework, four themes emerged from the interviews conducted ImplementationConsequences, Organizational Support, Expectations of Digital Implementation and Work-related Differences. The results showed that there is a discrepancy between the necessary factors for a successful implementation, highlighted in the model used and the respondent’s answers. Linked to this was the gender differences, a new factor arising from the data collected, emphasising the difficulties linked to teleworking but affecting a proactive use of digital tools, and hence lowering the work productivity. Even though there were differences, there were also parables showing that acceptance, attitude, and involvement in the implementation, among other factors are crucial for an openness towards digitalization. Finally, these factors and their relationship with digital implementation as well as the pandemic were explored trough a multi level framework.
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Göransson, Martin, and Philip Brodnäs. "Kvalitetssäkring av packning med digitala verktyget MCA-3000." Thesis, Jönköping University, JTH, Byggnadsteknik och belysningsvetenskap, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-54054.
Анотація:
Purpose: Compaction is one of the fundamental pillars of construction, without a proper compaction of ground material deformation may occur shorty after completed construction. A flaw of the traditional method of compaction control is that only point sources are obtained. This means that you can easily miss weak points of the compaction. This becomes significant when dealing with compaction of larger areas. The purpose of this study is to investigate how digital technology can ensure the compaction quality compared to traditional methods, and to expand the company’s knowledge of the application of the compaction computer MCA-3000. Method: The method chosen to gather data for this study were literature study, case study and interviews. Findings: The findings show how the compaction computer can be used to ensure compaction quality. An important factor is to know the conditions of the ground material in order to ensure a credible result. The case study suggest that the compaction computer can be used to visually show the compaction quality of an area. However, I cannot be used as a separated method to ensure compaction quality. The compaction computer needs test surfaces to be calibrated with assistance of traditional methods. This means that it cannot replace the traditional method. However, it can be used as a complementary tool to support the traditional methods. In the interviews, both the respondents pointed out that the compaction computer cannot be used as a separate method but can be used as a complementary tool for the contractors. Implications: Our conclusions are as followed: · The compaction computer cannot be used as a single method to ensure compaction quality. · The compaction computer implies that it can be used as a complementary tool to support the traditional methods to ensure compaction quality of lager areas. · The compaction computer allows the user to detect faults in real time during the compaction prosses. Our results indicate that the compaction computer can be uses as a complementary tool to support the traditional methods but not as its own method. To ensure the reliability of the compaction computer MCA-3000 further studies needs to be conducted to see how it preform with different ground material condition. Limitations: Our result was limited by access of data. We were only able to collet data from a single project in a relatively small area, this means we only were able to get three data sources of compaction quality conducted with a tradition method. Another limitation was that the entire area had the same ground condition which means the result is only applicable in our case.
30
Rynmark, Anneli, and Inger Lison Almkvist. "Digitala signaturer : ett verktyg för säkerhet?" Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Institutionen för programvaruteknik och datavetenskap, 2002. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-1633.
Анотація:
Statliga myndigheter använder i allt större utsträckning öppna system, så som Internet, i sin kommunikation med medborgare, företag och andra myndigheter, därmed ställs allt högre krav på säkerhet och tillit. I takt med den ökade användningen av elektronisk kommunikation uppstår nya problem. Några av dessa är att vi inte med säkerhet vet vem vi kommunicerar med, vem som beställer tjänster och att vi inte kan vara säkra på att information kommer till rätt person eller har ändrats på vägen. Verktyg som finns för att lösa dessa problem och öka säkerheten är digitala signaturer och elektronisk identifiering. Med detta som bakgrund ställde vi oss följande frågor, vilken teknik ska statliga myndigheter använda för elektronisk identifiering och signering? Vilken teknik ska användas för att uppfylla kraven på säker elektronisk överföring? Kan statliga myndigheter ersätta traditionella namnunderskrifter med kvalificerade elektroniska signaturer? Syftet med vår uppsats blir därför att i första hand redogöra för hur statliga myndigheter avser att ersätta traditionella namnunderskrifter med kvalificerade elektroniska signaturer. Genom litteraturstudierna skaffade vi oss kunskaper om både teknik och användningsområden för digitala signaturer och genom att beskriva dessa tekniker får läsarna en introduktion i ämnet. Våra intervjuer gav oss en övergripande bild av hur statliga myndigheter avser att ersätta traditionella namnunderskrifter och hur de tänker förse medborgare med elektroniska identitetshandlingar så att myndigheternas e-tjänster kan användas. Vid intervjuerna framkom också att lagen om kvalificerade elektroniska signaturer föreskriver Public Key Infrastructure, PKI, och inte accepterar några andra tekniska lösningar, därför har myndigheterna valt denna teknik. För att se hur statliga myndigheter, i verkligheten, har ersatt traditionella namnunderskrifter med kvalificerade elektroniska signaturer och hur kraven på säker elektronisk identifiering och överföring uppfylls har vi gjort en fallstudie på Riksskatteverket, RSV. Vi intervjuade en projektledare på RSVs IT- enhet och ansvarig på statskontorets enhet för IT- infrastruktur och såg att RSV har försett företag med elektroniska identitetshandlingar. Med hjälp av dessa handlingar kan företag lämna sin månatliga skattedeklaration, via Internet. Genom PKI har myndigheterna de tekniker och metoder som behövs för elektronisk identifiering, signering, kryptering och säker elektronisk överföring. Med PKI kan myndigheterna med säkerhet identifiera avsändare, signera elektroniskt, kryptera dokument och ersätta traditionella namnunderskrifter med elektroniska signaturer. Trots att alla ingredienser finns så kan myndigheterna i dagsläget inte nå den höga säkerhetsnivån som krävs för att kunna ersätta traditionella namnunderskrifter med kvalificerade elektroniska signaturer.
31
Petersson, Erica, and Claire Denisse Manito. "Digitala skyltars påverkan på människors boendemiljö." Thesis, Jönköping University, Tekniska Högskolan, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-53330.
Анотація:
At present, light pollution is one of the fastest growing types of environmental pollution, mainly due to increased use of artificial light during the dark hours of the day. There are especially four factors that contribute to light pollution; glare,skyglow, light trespass and clutter. Digital billboards are becoming more common in urban environments and cause all these types of light pollution. The newest type of digital billboard shows a series of very bright images that change every few seconds. Although digital billboards become more common in the urban environment, there is very little research on how it affects people living adjacent to digital billboards. The majority of the research available is about how traffic safety is affected. It is important to study how traffic safety is affected, but it is an environment where people stay for shorter periods of time. Light, and light pollution, can affect people both physically and mentally, and therefore the lack of research on how the housing environment is affected must be addressed. The purpose of the study is to investigate how the living environment is affected by a digital sign, and if it is affected, how do residents relate to it? The results from the study can be used to discuss guidelines for how digital signs should be planned for urban environments to minimize discomfort. Prevention is important in order to avoid a negative impact on human health. To investigate whether light from digital billboard affects people's living environment, a case study with a quantitative approach was performed. The study was conducted in a residential area adjacent to a digital sign. The residents were contacted and asked to fill in a questionnaire with questions about their living environment and their attitude towards the digital sign. The results show that the resident living closest to the digital sign is affected the most. How the living environment is affected depends to a large extent on the placement of the sign in relation to the residence. Conclusions that can be drawn based on the results are that the respondents most affected live within a 30-degree angle seen from the sign. Many of the problems that arise due to digital billboards are due to lack of knowledge and shortcomings in planning. Lack of research and deficiencies in the signage programs make it difficult to plan suitable installations. To cause minimal discomfort, no digital signs should be placed directly in front of a residential building.I dagsläget är ljusföroreningar en av de snabbast växande typerna av miljöföroreningar främst på grund av ökad användning av artificiellt ljus under dygnets mörka timmar. Det är framförallt fyra faktorer som bidrar till ljusföroreningar; bländning, himmelssken, ljusintrång och ljusansamlingar. Digitala skyltar blir allt vanligare i urbana miljöer och orsakar alla dessa typer av ljusföroreningar. Den nyaste typen av digitala skyltar visar en serie av väldigt ljusa bilder som byts med några sekunders mellanrum. Trots att digitala skyltar blir ett vanligare inslag i stadsmiljön finns det väldigt lite forskning om hur det påverkar människor som bor i anslutning till digitala skyltar. Majoriteten av forskningen som finns handlar om hur trafiksäkerheten påverkas. Det är viktigt att studera hur trafiksäkerheten påverkas men det är en miljö där människor vistas under kortare perioder. Ljus, och ljusföroreningar, kan påverka människor både fysiskt och psykiskt och därför måste bristen på forskning om hur boendemiljön påverkas åtgärdas. Syftet med studien är att undersöka hur boendemiljön påverkas av en digital skylt, och om den påverkas, hur förhåller de boende sig till det. Resultaten från studien kan användas för att diskutera riktlinjer för hur digitala skyltar ska planeras in i stadsmiljön för att minimera obehag. Att arbeta förebyggande är viktigt för att undvika en negativ påverkan på människors hälsa. För att undersöka om ljus från digitala skyltar påverkar människors boendemiljö utfördes en fallstudie med kvantitativ ansats. Studien utfördes i ett bostadsområde som låg i anslutning till en digital skylt. De boende kontaktades och ombads fylla i ett enkätformulär med frågor om sin boendemiljö samt attityd till den digitala skylten. Resultatet visar att de som bor närmast den digitala skylten påverkas mest. Hur boendemiljön påverkas beror till väldigt stor del på skyltens placering i förhållande till bostaden. Slutsatser som kan dras baserat på resultatet är att de respondenter som påverkas mest bor inom en 30-gradig vinkel sett från skylten. Många av de problem som uppstår på grund av digitala skyltar beror på okunskap och brister vid planeringen. Avsaknad av forskning och brister i de skyltprogram som finns gör det svårt att planera lämpliga installationer. För att orsaka minimalt obehag bör inga digitala skyltar placeras direkt framför ett bostadshus.
32
Guelfi, Airton Roberto. "Análise de elementos jurídico-tecnológicos que compõem a assinatura digital certificada digitalmente pela Infra-estrutura da Chaves Públicas do Brasil (ICP-Brasil)." Universidade de São Paulo, 2007. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/3/3142/tde-26072007-164132/.
Анотація:
Este trabalho faz uma análise crítica dos elementos jurídicos-tecnológicos de uma assinatura digital certificada digitalmente. O primeiro aspecto a ser abordado advém da verificação da competência para o desenvolvimento da atividade de certificação, em decorrência da natureza jurídica do certificado digital. Consoante se verificou, o certificado digital é o instrumento hábil a assegurar a autenticidade dos documentos eletrônicos por meio de uma assinatura digital. Dessa forma, equipara-se ao ato de reconhecimento de firma, atividade notarial desenvolvida pelos Cartórios Notariais, de acordo com a competência fixada no artigo 236 da Constituição da República Federativa do Brasil. Todavia, segundo regra presente na Medida Provisória 2.200-2/01, desde 2001 essa atividade vem sendo desenvolvida sob a competência do Governo Federal, através do Instituto Nacional de Tecnologia da Informação - ITI (Autoridade Certificadora Raiz da Infraestrutura de Chaves Públicas do Brasil. Como decorrência tem-se que a Medida Provisória 2.200-2/01 é inconstitucional, uma vez que não respeita regra de competência material fixada pela Constituição da República Federativa do Brasil para o desenvolvimento da atividade notarial. Sob um prisma tecnológico, têm-se que a ICP-Brasil, por meio de seu Comitê Gestor, fixa expressamente qual a tecnologia que deve ser empregada para a produção das assinaturas digitais. Neste caminho, até maio de 2006, entre outros, foi indicado o algoritmo criptográfico de função hash MD5 para a geração das assinaturas digitais com autenticidade e integridade garantidas por lei. Todavia, o MD5 perdeu sua utilidade em 2004, quando foi quebrado, ocasionando a possibilidade de fraudes, inclusive a geração de documentos eletrônicos forjados. Sem dúvida, a legislação brasileira vinha assegurando validade jurídica e força probante a documentos eletrônicos assinados com algoritmo criptográfico de função hash MD5 que poderiam ter sido forjados. Para que o documento eletrônico assinado digitalmente possa ser amplamente utilizado em relações sociais é preciso que regras jurídicas e tecnológicas sejam respeitadas, sob pena de se criar uma enorme insegurança social.This work presents a critical analysis of the technology and law aspects of certified digital signatures, and their implementation in Brazil. We discuss and verify the competency rules that apply to the certification activity according to the legal nature of the digital certificate. A digital certificate is the instrument that secures the authenticity of an electronic document by means of a digital signature. According to the article 236 of the Brazilian Constitution, authenticity certifications are of exclusive competence of public notaries. Nevertheless, based on an under constitutional statute, digital certification has being conducted by the Federal Government thru its National Institute of Information Technology (Instituto Nacional de Tecnologia da Informação - ITI), who is responsible for the Brazilian public key root certification authority. We found that the statute that supports those activities (Medida Provisória 2.200-2/01) is unconstitutional, and therefore invalid and unenforceable, since it does not satisfy constitutional rules of material competency. Under a technology view, we find that the Managing Committee of the Brazilian Public Key Infrastructure explicitly defines the technology to be used in digital signatures. According to that ruling, until may 2006, among others, the MD5 hashing algorithm was used to generate digital signatures with statutory presumption of authenticity and integrity. Nevertheless, MD5 lost its technical usefulness in 2004, when it was broken, and became prone to fraud such as the generation of forged electronic documents. There is no doubt that Brazilian legislation gave legal value and probatory force to electronic documents signed using the already broken MD5 hashing algorithm that could very well had been forged. Digitally signed electronic documents can only be successfully used if legal rules and the technological aspects be fully understood and respected. Otherwise, the result will be high levels of uncertainty in law relations.
33
Chow, Sze-ming Sherman. "Forward security from bilinear pairings signcryption and threshold signature /." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2004. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B30679424.
34
Chow, Sze-ming Sherman, and 周斯明. "Forward security from bilinear pairings: signcryption and threshold signature." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2004. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B30679424.
35
Siveris, Daiane. "Política de constituição do dicionário Caldas Aulete Digital." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/179407.
Анотація:
Nesta pesquisa tivemos como objetivo explicitar a política de constituição do Dicionário Caldas Aulete Digital a partir da compreensão do funcionamento da concepção de língua veiculada nesse dicionário, uma vez que esta se constitui na tensão entre infraestrutura e superestrutura. Analisamos o funcionamento do conceito de língua na relação entre infraestrutura e superestrutura; compreendemos o conceito de política e suas relações com o sentido; apresentamos as especificidades e as condições de produção do Dicionário Caldas Aulete Digital, pensando a reformulação, do Dicionário Houaiss e do Dicionário Aurélio para entender que relações se estabelecem entre esses diferentes dicionários e buscamos apresentar o espaço de reformulação na articulação com as práticas sociais. O percurso teórico desenvolvido teve por base o materialismo histórico e dialético, perpassando também pelos estudos filológicos, estudos linguísticos estruturalistas e culminando nos estudos discursivos. Com os estudos filológicos de Michel Bréal, entendemos que a linguagem reflete o homem, suas vontades e seus desejos, remontando à condição humana de sujeito histórico e responsável pelas mudanças em uma língua. Os estudos linguísticos estruturalistas de Ferdinand de Saussure apontam a língua como objeto abstrato, cujas alterações ocorrem no deslocamento da relação entre o significante e o significado, sem qualquer interferência externa à língua, limitando-se o objeto língua, portanto, a um sistema estável. Os estudos materialistas de Mikhail Bakhtin/Valentin Volochínov abordam a linguagem enquanto materialidade, cujas condições de uso remetem aos sentidos, logo em funcionamento na realidade concreta de uso. Nos estudos discursivos de Michel Pêcheux, o conceito de língua está articulado ao de discurso, para o qual a língua serve de suporte para a realização dos efeitos de sentido. O conceito de política abordado a partir de Hannah Arendt está articulado ao de liberdade e é a criação do novo, do inesperado, é ação plural, sendo inerente à condição humana. Para Jacques Rancière, a política se instaura com o dano e este desfaz a ordem policial instituída, rompendo com a configuração da sociedade em que se definem as parcelas. Na teoria de Michel Pêcheux, observamos que a política se relaciona com o conceito de formação discursiva, pois é nesta que as palavras adquirem seus sentidos a partir da inscrição dos sujeitos em determinada formação ideológica. Para as análises, selecionamos verbetes que contribuíssem para ilustrar as relações infraestruturais e superestruturais que se estabelecem na produção do dicionário, bem como que possibilitassem a articulação com os conceitos estudados. As análises centraram-se, ainda, nos projetos da editora Lexikon e permitiram apresentar que no projeto inicial de produção dicionarística visava-se a uma obra aberta, de dicionarização da língua viva, isto é, a língua em funcionamento na sociedade, reflexo das práticas dos sujeitos na infraestrutura e na superestrutura, cuja contribuição era estendida aos sujeitos falantes da língua, leigos quanto aos critérios lexicográficos de constituição de um dicionário. No projeto seguinte, reformulado, há um retorno aos dicionários clássicos e tradicionais, pois há um controle sobre a dicionarização na medida em que o sujeito das forças orgânicas não pode mais contribuir com a produção desse dicionário, e a tarefa da lexicalização da língua retorna aos lexicógrafos, sujeitos academicamente instruídos para tal.In this research we have aimed to explicit the politics of constitution of Caldas Aulete Digital Dictionary, starting from the comprehension of the functioning of the concept of language assumed in this dictionary, since this language is constituted by the tension between infrastructure and superstructure. We analyzed the functioning of the concept of language in the relationship between infrastructure and superstructure; we comprehended the concept of politics and its relations with meaning; we pointed the specificities and the conditions of production of Caldas Aulete Digital Dictionary, considering the reformulation of Houaiss Dictionary and Aurélio Dictionary in order to understand what relations are established between these different dictionaries, and we sought to present this space of reformulation in the articulation with social practices. The theoretical course developed was based on historical and dialectical materialism, also going through philological studies, structuralist linguistic studies, culminating in discursive studies. With Michel Bréal’s philological studies, we understand that language reflects the human being, its wills and desires, reinforcing the human condition of historical subject, responsible for changes in a language. The structuralist linguistic studies of Ferdinand de Saussure point to language as an abstract object, whose alterations occur in the displacement of the relation between the signifier and the signified, without any language external interference, thus limiting the language object to a stable system. Materialistic studies of Mikhail Bakhtin / Valentin Volochínov approach language as materiality, whose conditions of use refer to meaning, therefore, in functioning in the concrete reality of use. In discursive studies of Michel Pêcheux, the concept of language is articulated to the concept of discourse, to which the language serves as support for the accomplishment of the effects of meaning. The concept of politics taken from Hannah Arendt is articulated to the notion of freedom and it is the creation of the new, the unexpected, it is plural action and inherent to the human condition. To Jacques Rancière, politics is established with the damage and this damage undoes the police order instituted, breaking with the configuration of the society in which social classes are defined. In Michel Pêcheux’s theory, we observe that politics is related to the concept of discursive formation, as the words acquire their meaning inserted in such discursive formation, from the inscription of the subjects in a certain ideological formation. For the analysis, we selected entries which could contribute to illustrate the infrastructural and superstructural relations that are established in the production of the dictionary, as well as entries that could enable the relation with the concepts addressed. Such analysis also focused in the projects of Lexikon editor and allowed to present that in the initial project of the dictionary production an open work was aimed; a work of living language in the dictionary, that is, the functioning language in society, as a reflection of the practice of the subjects in infrastructure and superstructure, whose contribution was extended to the language speaking subjects, lay people when it comes to lexicographic criteria of the constitution of a dictionary. In the following project, redesigned, there is a return to classical and traditional dictionaries, as there is a control on the entries inclusion in the extent that the subject of organic forces can no longer contribute to the production of such dictionary, and the task of lexical establishment returns to lexicographers, subjects who are academically instructed to do so.
36
Alcena, Reynolds. "Information Technology Infrastructure: Global Economy and National Development in Haiti." ScholarWorks, 2018. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/4830.
Анотація:
Political and environmental chaos recently experienced in Haiti has damaged the economic sector and telecommunication infrastructure. Developmental data from Haiti show 3 major trends: inadequate social and economic development, insufficient benefits from the global economy, and poorly planned information technology infrastructure (ITI). The specific problem addressed in this study is a knowledge gap in the views of stakeholders within Haiti's national culture on how the country's ITI can be developed to better engage Haiti in 21st century global and digital economy. The purpose of this qualitative case study was to explore the views of 48 expert participants regarding ITI development within Haiti's national culture to better engage Haiti with the 21st century global and digital economy. To satisfy the goal of this exploratory research a case study research design was used, and data were collected from multiple sources including in-depth interviews of 48 participants, observational field notes, and archival documentation. The analysis of the archival data, online surveys, and semi-structured interviews of expert informants revealed that nationwide broadband internet availability has been achieved, which has resulted in internet usage increasing from 2% in 2002 to 12% in 2009. The study participants noted the lack of reliable access to electricity limits the implementation of ITI in the nation. Legislation and financial investment are needed to improve ITI in Haiti. The academic significance and social change implications of the study include filling the knowledge gap of the status of ITI in Haiti, helping the national development of a modernized ITI well-connected to the global economy, and a better quality of life for Haiti's people.
37
Schnurr, Daniel [Verfasser], and J. [Akademischer Betreuer] Krämer. "Open Access to Telecommunications Infrastructure and Digital Services: Competition, Cooperation and Regulation / Daniel Schnurr ; Betreuer: J. Krämer." Karlsruhe : KIT-Bibliothek, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1119242940/34.
38
Devenny, Joah Nicole. "CRITICAL DIGITAL INFRASTRUCTURE PROTECTION: AN INVESTIGATOIN INTO THE INTERGOVERNMENTAL ACTIVITIES OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY DIRECTORS IN FLORIDA COUNTIES." Doctoral diss., University of Central Florida, 2004. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/4396.
Анотація:
As cyber attacks become more sophisticated, the risk to all networked computer systems increases. Whether public or private, whether federal, state, or local, the threat is equally real. Consequently, local governments must respond accordingly to understand the threats, take measures to protect themselves, and determine how to respond in the event of a system breach. Additionally, since cyber criminals do not respect geographic or administrative boundaries, local leaders must be prepared to instantly interact with other governments, agencies, and departments to suppress an attack. Guided by the theory of intergovernmental management (IGM), this exploratory research investigated how Information Technology (IT) Directors in Florida county constitutional offices use intergovernmental relations and management activities as part of their information security efforts. Specifically, this research sought to determine: 1) which IGM activities do county IT Directors most often perform; 2) do county IT Directors make more use of vertical or horizontal IGM relationships; 3) is there a relationship between office/county demographics and the IGM activities its IT Directors most often perform? To answer these questions, an electronic survey was distributed to 209 directors, of which 125 responded. Overwhelmingly, the findings indicate that these Directors rarely engage in IGM activities regardless of the purpose or type of government/department contacted. However, when seeking intergovernmental assistance, it is most often horizontally with other Departments within their own government and least often vertically with Federal offices. The most frequently performed intergovernmental activity is seeking technical assistance, however seeking program/project information is also perform more frequently than the other activities explored in this research. The least frequently performed activities involved seeking to modify established IT partnerships. Further, there was evidence of relationships between certain office/county demographics and IGM activity. The discovery of these patterns and relationships can be used to aid policy and program development, as well as to stimulate deeper inquiry into the intergovernmental dimensions involved in protecting local elements of the U.S. Critical Digital Infrastructure.Ph.D.
Program of Public Affairs
Health and Public Affairs
Public Affairs
39
Plitt, Sophia. "Digital tools for urban green infrastructure: : Investigating the potential of e-tools to inform and engage stewards." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Stockholm Resilience Centre, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-170269.
Анотація:
As the planet rapidly urbanizes and demand for locally-produced ecosystem services grows, the effective management of urban green infrastructure is increasingly important. A number of digital tools have recently been developed and released that share information and incite citizen participation in the governance, management and planning of urban green infrastructure. In this paper, I analyse six different e-tools within the context of New York City with a focus on the types of knowledge they share and the forms of participation they incite in relation to urban green infrastructure. I explore how e-tool knowledge exchange and participation relate to civic stewardship of urban green spaces, as stewards play a significant role in the local production of urban ecosystem services. The findings indicate that most e-tools are designed to share a large amount of data describing social-ecological systems. In many cases, the tool developers hope that through gaining knowledge about the system, users will develop an ethical consideration for the environmental resource and even take action as environmental stewards. Additionally, while many of the e-tools present complex, exploratory digital learning environments, many also combine virtual experiences with in-person trainings, workshops and coaching. These hybrid approaches harness the power of digital platforms to organize diverse social networks and share large amounts of data while employing more traditional on-the-ground organizing techniques and offer a way forward in an age of increasing dominance of digital data. Further research on these types of hybrid digital approaches is warranted. Future research on e-tool usership and connections to stewardship outcomes could enrich the understanding of how e-tools operate as well as their social-ecological potential and impact.
40
Jukic, Boris. "Demand estimation techniques and investment incentives for the digital economy infrastructure : an econometric and simulation-based investigation /." Digital version accessible at:, 1998. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/utexas/main.
41
Yu, Kin-ying, and 余見英. "Long term preservation of electronic documents." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2004. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B30073200.
42
Reiss, Jeffrey. "STUDENT DIGITAL PIRACY IN THE FLORIDA STATE UNIVERSITY SYSTEM:AN EXPLORATORY STUDY ON ITS INFRASTRUCTURAL EFFECTS." Doctoral diss., University of Central Florida, 2010. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/3537.
Анотація:
Digital piracy is a problem that may never disappear from society. Through readily available resources such as those found in a university, students will always have access to illegal goods. While piracy is a global phenomenon, an institution s resources combined with the typical college student s lack of funds makes it more lucrative. Students use a number of methods to justify their actions ranging from previewing media to bringing justice to a corrupt company. While trying to understand the mindset of pirates is one route to deal with piracy, corporations attempted to alleviate the situation using added software encoding. These messages are not always effective, and in some cases caused further damage to consumer morale. Furthermore, students such as Joel Tenenbaum, who continued to pirate music despite warnings from his parents and the recording industry, exemplify the type of person that is unfazed by legal threats, leading to a question of ethics. Students may not feel that downloading is stealing despite numerous warnings from the Digital Millennium Copyright Act and other major media organizations. The predominant solution used by universities involves monitoring the students network connection to detect Peer-to-Peer (P2P) connections or other connections that involve the transferring of copyrighted goods. Unfortunately, the current tools contain flaws that a crafty student may easily circumvent, undermining any attempts a university s IT department may use to deter piracy. This study explored the nature of piracy prevention tools used by IT departments in the Florida State University System in order to determine their relative effectiveness. The study also looked into the opinions of the Information Security Officer in terms of alternative piracy prevention techniques that do not involve legal action and monitoring. It was found that most institutions do not use a formal piece of software that monitors for infringing data. They also stated that while their current techniques can do its required task, it was not perfected to a point where it could run autonomously. Furthermore, institutions agreed that students lack proper ethics and concern over the matter of copyright, but were not fully convinced that other preventions methods would be effective. The study ultimately considered monitoring techniques a short-term solution and that more research should be put into finding long-term solutions. It also implied that IT departments should be better funded in order to keep up with the technological gap.Ed.D.
Department of Educational Research, Technology and Leadership
Education
Educational Leadership EdD
43
Varney, Eliza Constantina. "An evaluation, via comparative case studies, of the most appropriate level for regulating bottlenecks in the digital television infrastructure." Thesis, University of Hull, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.421990.
44
Reiss, Jeffrey. "Student digital piracy in the Florida State University System an exploratory study on its infrastructural effects /." Orlando, Fla. : University of Central Florida, 2010. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/CFE0003131.
45
Penberthy, Louise. "The philosophy and digital representation of traumatic, non-volitional, physio-somatic experiences." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/17555.
46
Rossi, Magali Andréia. "Avaliação do uso da rede de telecomunicações aeronáuticas (ATN) para comunicação digital na operação de veículos aéreos não tripulados (VANT)." Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/3/3141/tde-18082014-120328/.
Анотація:
Esta Tese apresenta uma contribuição para avaliação da comunicação digital na operação de veículos aéreos não tripulados (VANT) no ambiente aeronáutico. A comunicação digital aeronáutica relaciona-se diretamente ao nível de segurança crítica desejado para o controle do fluxo de tráfego aéreo, por parte de autoridades e de órgãos normativos, os quais possuem como objetivo tornar a comunicação uniforme para todos os continentes. Diversas são as discussões acerca do nível de segurança crítica que a comunicação digital entre VANT e controle em terra possa exibir, sempre buscando redução da exposição a riscos inerentes à operação desse tipo de veículo. Nesse contexto, a proposta desta Tese é avaliar a segurança na comunicação digital, por meio do uso de injeção de falhas, para operações de veículos aéreos não tripulados. Este trabalho descreve a importância de analisar as interferências causadas por falhas na comunicação digital, relacionadas ao envio de mensagens entre o órgão de controle e a aeronave não tripulada. Também são definidos quais os tipos de falhas que causam um maior impacto na comunicação, bem como quais os parâmetros que devem ser utilizados para manipulação das variáveis de falhas na comunicação. Para atender a avaliação proposta, foi utilizado o ambiente simulado que reúne as características do ambiente aeronáutico, denominado PipE-SEC (Plataforma Integrada para Ensaios de Sistemas Embarcados Críticos), bem como o protocolo CPDLC (Controller-Pilot Data Link Communications) para troca de mensagens digitais.This thesis presents a contribution to the evaluation of digital communication in the operation of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) in the aeronautical environment. Aeronautical digital communication relates directly to the critical safety level required for controlling the air traffic flow by authorities and regulatory agencies, which are aimed at making communication uniform for all continents. There are several discussions about the safety critical level that digital communication between UAVs and ground control can display, always seeking to reduce exposure to risks inherent in the operation of such vehicles. In this context, the proposal of this thesis is to evaluate the safety in digital communication, through the use of fault injection for operations of UAV. This work describes the importance of analyzing the interference caused by faults in digital communication related to sending messages between the control agency and the UAV. There are also defined what types of faults cause a greater impact on communication as well as which parameters should be used to simulate communication faults. To answer the proposed evaluation, we used the simulated environment that combines the features of the aeronautical environment, called PIpE-SEC (Integrated Platform for Test Critical Embedded Systems), as well as the protocol CPDLC (Controller-Pilot Data Link Communications) to exchange digital messages.
47
Cardoso, Décio José Fernandes de Gois. "Plataformas em rede. Um interface urbano para as redes de transporte e digital." Master's thesis, Faculdade de Arquitectura de Lisboa, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/2968.
Анотація:
Tese de Mestrado em ArquitecturaA sociedade contemporânea tem hoje como seu suporte vital uma rede global de comunicações composta por infraestruturas físicas e por sistemas digitais. As redes físicas formam um organismo de fluxos estruturante do território humanizado, enquanto as redes digitais criam uma realidade virtual omnipresente que também constrói o nosso mundo. Com base nestes sistemas desenvolveram-se novos paradigmas civilizacionais que reformularam conceitos clássicos de lugar, distância, tempo ou espaço, e gerou-se uma nova dimensão do real onde somos interlocutores em contacto e trânsito permanente num território ilimitadamente contínuo. O desafio passa por isso pela procura de um novo modelo de construção integrada e coesa do território, da urbe e dos espaços de habitar em consonância com os fluxos de pessoas, valores e dados em circulação. Este trabalho em particular promove esta nova ordem contemporânea através da integração morfológica e funcional da infraestrutura férrea com o tecido urbano de um ponto da cidade de Lisboa, em paralelo com a criação de um interface digital de contacto com a rede global. O projecto resultante, as plataformas em rede, surge assim como uma nova abordagem possível para o séc.XXI na reabilitação do sistema urbano pós-industrial, em que a realidade virtual é vista como uma oportunidade e as limitações técnicas de um canal ferroviário passam a ser um valor formal e simbólico do urbano. E forma-se um interface integrado entre o local e o global.
Contemporary society stands today on a vital mainstay of global communication networks composed of physical infrastructures and digital systems. The physical networks mold an interconnected flowing organism in which the human territory develops; parallel to this fact, digital networks also helps to build our world through an omnipresent virtual reality. Under these systems, new civilization paradigms transformed the classical concepts of place, distance, time or space, generating a new dimension of the real, embodying an endless territory in which we are the main protagonists. The challenge is therefore to search for a novice model of construction, one capable of blending in the urban tissue, through cities and spaces to inhabit, alongside human streams, values trade and exchanging data. This paper promotes this new contemporary order through a morphologic and functional juxtaposition of the railroad infrastructure from an exact location in Lisbon, apace with a digital interface within the global network. The final outcome, the networking platforms, posits itself as a feasible approach to the XXI Century, in rehabilitating the post-industrial urban system, where virtual reality is perceived as an opportunity and the railroad’s technical constraints an upright and symbolic urban asset. Hence the formation of an integrated interface between the local and the global.
48
Peterson, Lukas, and Samuel Johansson. "Det mobilanpassade id-kortet : En behovsanalys och modell för framtida utveckling." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för informatik och media, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-297496.
Анотація:
Mycket av plånbokens innehåll och funktion, såsom medlemskort och betallösningar, är idag ersatt av mobila lösningar. Däremot finns det i Sverige ingen mobil lösning för id-kort som kan användas på samma sätt som det fysiska id-kortet. Denna uppsats syftar till att undersöka huruvida svenska myndigheter ser ett behov av en mobilanpassad id-kortslösning och, om detta behov konstateras, föreslå en modell för hur en sådan lösning skulle kunna utformas. För att undersöka detta ämne har tre intervjuer med svenska myndigheter (Elegitimationsnämnden, Polismyndigheten och Transportstyrelsen) samt en litteraturstudie genomförts. Uppsatsens resultat består av tre kunskapsprodukter: en behovsanalys, en kravsammanställning och en infrastrukturmodell. Behovsanalysen undersöker behovet av en mobilanpassad id-kortslösning, sett från de intervjuade myndigheternas perspektiv. Denna analys visar att myndigheterna ser ett behov av en sådan lösning. Kravsammanställningen består av krav på en mobilanpassad id-kortslösning som härletts från de genomförda intervjuerna samt från uppsatsens huvudsakliga teoribas: Kim Camerons The Laws of Identity (2005). Infrastrukturmodellen är utformad efter dessa krav och beskriver hur en mobilanpassad id-kortslösning skulle kunna utformas för att passa in i den svenska infrastrukturen för digital identitetshantering. Modellen är även utformad för att följa Hanseth och Lyytinens (2010) designregler för informationsinfrastrukturutveckling och den visar att utveckling av en mobilanpassad id-kortslösning i Sverige är tekniskt genomförbar.Much of the contents and functionality of the traditional wallet, such as membership cards and payment solutions, have been replaced by smartphone solutions. Yet, in Sweden there is no smartphone based solution for ID cards that can be used in the same way as the physical ID card. This paper examines whether the Swedish authorities see a need for a smartphone based ID card solution and, if such a need is identified, suggests a model for how such a solution could be designed. To explore this topic, a literature review and three interviews with Swedish authorities (the E-identification Board, the Police Authority and the Transport Agency) have been conducted. The results of this report consists of three knowledge products: a demand analysis, a requirements specification and an infrastructure model. The demand analysis examines the need for a smartphone based ID card solution, as seen from the interviewed authorities' perspective. This analysis indicates that the authorities see a need for such a solution. The requirements specification consists of requirements for a smartphone based ID card solution, derived from the conducted interviews and Kim Cameron's The Laws of Identity (2005). The infrastructure model is designed to meet these requirements and describes how a smartphone based ID card solution could be designed to fit into the Swedish infrastructure for digital identity management. The model is also designed to follow the design rules for information infrastructure development derived by Hanseth and Lyytinen (2010) and shows that the development of a smartphone based ID card solution in Sweden is technically feasible.
49
JERNBECK, THERESE. "Implementing an Address System in Uganda : How will it Affect Commerce?" Thesis, KTH, Industriell ekonomi och organisation (Inst.), 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-237526.
Анотація:
Uganda is a low-income country in eastern Africa which has experienced social and economic improvements since the mobile phone was launched (Deloitte, GSMA, and Cisco, 2012). The positive attitude towards mobile solutions contributes to the country´s growth in the international world, even if some circumstances are blocking the full potentials (African Development Bank, 2014). Current research regarding Uganda´s need for an address system is lacking. Based on six (6) interviews with people who have worked with business environments and infrastructure, this thesis examines how a mobile-based address system can enhance Uganda’s trading situation via improving time efficiency, opportunities, accessibilities, collaboration, and delivery. The formation of a physical address system has started in Kampala, the capital, but the results from this thesis further emphasize the importance of a national wide, all-compassing address system that reaches all citizens. The conclusion of this thesis shows how the standard of living, the business environment, the public sector, entrepreneurs, market entry, services, and commerce would benefit from the implementation of an address system in a sustainable way in Uganda. It occurs mainly through improved infrastructure, delivery system, navigation, service availability, and transportation. This has a potential to improve time and cost efficiency for daily activities.Uganda är ett låginkomstland i östra Afrika där både ekonomisk och social utveckling har frodats sedan lanseringen av mobiltelefoni (Deloitte, GSMA, and Cisco, 2012). Att ugandier är positivt inställda till utvecklingen och användningen av mobilteknologi är väsentligt för att den internationella handeln ska kunna växa. I dagsläget finns olika faktorer som hindrar utveckling i landet (African Development Bank, 2014). Det saknas aktuell forskning gällande Ugandas behov av ett adressystem. Den här uppsatsen är baserad på intervjuer med 6 personer som har arbetat med affärsklimat och infrastruktur. Denna kvalitativa studie undersöker hur ett digitalt baserat adressystem kan bidra till en förbättrad handel för Uganda genom förbättrad tidseffektivitet, fler möjligheter, tillgänglighet, samarbete och leveranser. Lanseringen av fysiska adresser har börjat i huvudstaden, Kampala. Däremot tyder resultatet från den här uppsatsen på att ett nationellt etablerat, nåbart och flitigt använt adressystem skulle gynna Ugandas ekonomi. Slutsatsen är att levnadsstandard, affärsklimat, den offentliga sektorn, entreprenörskap, marknader, tjänster och handel skulle främjas på ett hållbart sätt av en rikstäckande implementering av ett adressystem. Det sker genom förbättrad infrastruktur, leveranssystem, navigationsmöjligheter samt tillgänglighet till tjänster och transport. Detta förväntas resultera i ökad tids- och kostnadseffektivitet för dagliga affärsaktiviteter.
50
Salmi, Källström Cecilia, and Sebastian Nilsson. "Digitala verktyg i Skanskas produktion : En jämförelse av användandet av digitala verktyg mellan verksamhetsgrenarna Hus respektive Väg och anläggning." Thesis, KTH, Byggteknik och design, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-259937.
Анотація:
I en rapport finansierad av Smart Built Environment konstateras att stora möjligheter finns att höja kvaliteten på och sänka kostnader för den slutgiltiga produkten via digitala lösningar i byggbranschen. Ett område där digitaliseringen har stor inverkan är just digitala verktyg på byggarbetsplatsen (Bygg 4.0, u.å.). Digitala verktyg definieras i studien som programvara och applikationer lämpade för byggbranschen. Syftet med examensarbetet var att kartlägga vilka digitala verktyg som används inom Skanskas produktion samt jämföra användandet av digitala verktyg inom verksamhetsgrenarna Hus respektive Väg och anläggning. Studien fokuserar på hur användandet av digitala verktyg främjas genom strategier och målsättningar i Skanskas organisation. Metoden för insamling av material var inledningsvis en litteraturstudie av teori, fortsättningsvis utfördes en kvantitativ enkätundersökning och en kvalitativ intervjuundersökning. Enkätundersökningen fokuserade på användandet av digitala verktyg och intervjuerna på hur Skanskas medarbetare uppfattar att Skanska arbetar med digitaliseringen. Resultatet av studien visar på skillnader i utsträckningen som de digitala verktygen används inom verksamhetsgrenarna. Resultatet av enkätstudien visar att verksamhetsgren Hus använder de digitala verktygen i större utsträckning. Resultatet av intervjustudien visar att orsaken till detta är att verksamhetsgren Hus arbetar proaktivt genom strategier och målsättningar som Basnivå hus, Projekt i världsklass och Smarta projekt. Verksamhetsgren Hus har även digitala ledare ute i projekt som stöds av en digital coach på regionnivå. Verksamhetsgren Väg och anläggning har inte en lika etablerad grund då enbart Projekt i världsklass är utgångspunkten för digitalt arbete. Det finns inte heller några digitala ledare i projekten. Den rollen uppstår organiskt genom engagerade individer med kunskaper i digitala verktyg. Verksamhetsgren Hus har ett mer väletablerat system för arbete med digitala verktyg vilket leder till att verksamhetsgrenens arbete med digitala verktyg har kommit längre än verksamhetsgren Väg och anläggning.In a report financed by Smart Built Environment it was stated that there are possibilities to improve quality and reduce cost in the finished product through digital solutions in the construction industry. One area where digitization has got a high impact is in the use of digital tools on the construction site (Bygg 4.0, u.å.). Digital tools are defined as software and applications suited for the construction industry. The purpose of this thesis was to map out the digital tools used in Skanska's production and to compare the use of digital tools within the business areas infrastructure and commercial building. The study focuses on how the use of digital tools is encouraged through strategies and objectives in Skanska's organization. The method for collecting material was a literature study of theory, a quantitative survey and qualitative interviews. The survey focused on the use of digital tools and the interviews on Skanska's employees perception on Skanska's work with digitization. The results of the study show differences in the extent that the digital tools are used within the business areas. The results of the quantitative study show that the business area commercial building uses the digital tools to a greater extent. The reason for this is that the business area commercial building works proactively through recommendations such as Basnivå Hus, Projekt i världsklass and Smarta projekt. The business area commercial building also has a role called digital leader in every project, who are supported by a digital coach in every region. The business area infrastructure does not have an equally established foundation, since only Projekt i världsklass is the starting point for digital work within the business area. There are also no digital leaders in projects within the business area. This role arises organically through committed individuals with good knowledge of digital tools. The business area commercial building has a well-established system for working with digital tools, which means that the business area has come further than the business area infrastructure.