Статті в журналах: "Infrared waves"

1

Jessup, A. T., C. J. Zappa, M. R. Loewen, and V. Hesany. "Infrared remote sensing of breaking waves." Nature 385, no. 6611 (January 1997): 52–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/385052a0.

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2

Datars, W. R., and A. Weingartshofer. "Far-infrared Alfven waves in graphite." Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter 1, no. 38 (September 25, 1989): 6829–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0953-8984/1/38/007.

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3

Laux, Leo. "Infrared and millimeter waves, volume 10." Spectrochimica Acta Part A: Molecular Spectroscopy 41, no. 8 (January 1985): 1017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0584-8539(85)80067-2.

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4

Marmorino, G. O., G. B. Smith, J. H. Bowles, and W. J. Rhea. "Infrared imagery of ‘breaking’ internal waves." Continental Shelf Research 28, no. 3 (February 2008): 485–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.csr.2007.10.007.

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5

Richards, P. L. "Bolometers for infrared and millimeter waves." Journal of Applied Physics 76, no. 1 (July 1994): 1–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.357128.

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6

Marmorino, G. O., G. B. Smith, and G. J. Lindemann. "Infrared imagery of ocean internal waves." Geophysical Research Letters 31, no. 11 (June 2004): n/a. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2004gl020152.

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7

Sun Zheng, 孙正, 宁辉 Ning Hui, 谢永杰 Xie YongJie, and 曹鑫 Cao Xin. "Refractivity profile distribution model for infrared waves." High Power Laser and Particle Beams 24, no. 12 (2012): 2778–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.3788/hplpb20122412.2778.

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8

Gürsey, Yusuf. "Solitary waves in infrared-active Raman scattering." Physical Review A 36, no. 10 (November 1, 1987): 4792–801. http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physreva.36.4792.

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9

Tan, C. Z., and C. Yan. "Self-modulation of infrared waves in rutile." Physics Letters A 360, no. 6 (January 2007): 742–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.physleta.2006.09.093.

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10

Wu, Zhong, and Qi Wang. "Infrared waves in a nonlinear magnetic waveguide." Optics Communications 442 (July 2019): 46–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.optcom.2019.02.072.

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11

Henney, William J., and S. J. Arthur. "Bow shocks, bow waves, and dust waves – III. Diagnostics." Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 489, no. 2 (August 16, 2019): 2142–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stz2283.

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ABSTRACT Stellar bow shocks, bow waves, and dust waves all result from the action of a star’s wind and radiation pressure on a stream of dusty plasma that flows past it. The dust in these bows emits prominently at mid-infrared wavelengths in the range 8 to 60 $\mu$m. We propose a novel diagnostic method, the τ–η diagram, for analysing these bows, which is based on comparing the fractions of stellar radiative energy and stellar radiative momentum that is trapped by the bow shell. This diagram allows the discrimination of wind-supported bow shocks, radiation-supported bow waves, and dust waves in which grains decouple from the gas. For the wind-supported bow shocks, it allows the stellar wind mass-loss rate to be determined. We critically compare our method with a previous method that has been proposed for determining wind mass-loss rates from bow shock observations. This comparison points to ways in which both methods can be improved and suggests a downward revision by a factor of two with respect to previously reported mass-loss rates. From a sample of 23 mid-infrared bow-shaped sources, we identify at least four strong candidates for radiation-supported bow waves, which need to be confirmed by more detailed studies, but no strong candidates for dust waves.

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12

Wu, Zhong, and Hai Zhu. "Soliton-like surface waves propagating along the interface between a metamaterial and an antiferromagnet." Journal of Applied Physics 131, no. 10 (March 14, 2022): 105302. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0079233.

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Nonlinear surface waves propagating along a single interface between a linear metamaterial and a nonlinear antiferromagnet are theoretically studied. The frequency response of transverse-magnetic-polarized waves covering the frequency range from the microwave to the infrared regime is investigated in detail. We find that the waveguide supports soliton-like surface waves with low-pass response in the microwave range and bandpass response in the microwave and infrared ranges. The bandwidth is a function of the nonlinearity and can be tuned by controlling the incident wave power.

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13

Brescia, Jonathan R., Justin W. Cleary, Evan M. Smith, and Robert E. Peale. "Infrared Propagating Electromagnetic Surface Waves Excited by Induction." MRS Advances 5, no. 35-36 (December 23, 2019): 1827–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/adv.2019.472.

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AbstractPropagating inhomogeneous electromagnetic waves called surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) can be excited by free-space beams on corrugated conducting surfaces at resonance angles determined by corrugation period, permittivity, and optical frequency. SPPs are coupled to and co-propagate with surface charge displacements. Complete electrical isolation of individual conducting corrugations prevents the charge displacement necessary to sustain an SPP, such that excitation resonances of traveling SPPs are absent. However, SPPs can be excited via electric induction if a smooth conducting surface exists below and nearby the isolated conducting corrugations. The dependence of SPP excitation resonances on that separation is experimentally investigated here at long-wave infrared wavelengths. We find that excitation resonances for traveling SPPs broaden and disappear as the dielectric’s physical thickness is increased beyond ~1% of the free-space wavelength. The resonance line width increases with refractive index and optical thickness of the dielectric.

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14

Al Naboulsi, Maher. "Fog attenuation prediction for optical and infrared waves." Optical Engineering 43, no. 2 (February 1, 2004): 319. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/1.1637611.

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15

Kaufman, Michael J., and David A. Neufeld. "Far-Infrared Water Emission from Magnetohydrodynamic Shock Waves." Astrophysical Journal 456 (January 1996): 611. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/176683.

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16

Harrison, R. G. "Reviews of Infrared and Millimeter Waves. Vol. 2. Optically Pumped Far-infrared Lasers." Optica Acta: International Journal of Optics 32, no. 8 (August 1985): 845. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/713821806.

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17

Yoon, Hosang, Kitty Y. M. Yeung, Philip Kim, and Donhee Ham. "Plasmonics with two-dimensional conductors." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 372, no. 2012 (March 28, 2014): 20130104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2013.0104.

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A wealth of effort in photonics has been dedicated to the study and engineering of surface plasmonic waves in the skin of three-dimensional bulk metals, owing largely to their trait of subwavelength confinement. Plasmonic waves in two-dimensional conductors, such as semiconductor heterojunction and graphene, contrast the surface plasmonic waves on bulk metals, as the former emerge at gigahertz to terahertz and infrared frequencies well below the photonics regime and can exhibit far stronger subwavelength confinement. This review elucidates the machinery behind the unique behaviours of the two-dimensional plasmonic waves and discusses how they can be engineered to create ultra-subwavelength plasmonic circuits and metamaterials for infrared and gigahertz to terahertz integrated electronics.

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18

Brioschi, M. L., O. Malafaia, A. F. C. B. Costa, and J. V. Vargas. "SURGERY BY INFRARED VISION." Revista de Engenharia Térmica 3, no. 1 (June 30, 2004): 33. http://dx.doi.org/10.5380/reterm.v3i1.3480.

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This paper is about the development, uses and advantages of infrared thermography. Its principles had already been used by old civilizations as a manner of diseases diagnosis. The discovery of the infrared waves and its heating power happened on 1800, but its use in modern Medicine as a diagnosis method was only possible because of the scientific and technological development demanded by the Great Wars, in the 20th century. Here the authors present some news and promising surgery applications.

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19

Huang, Jinwen, and Zhengyong Song. "Low-Loss Graphene Waveguide Modulator for Mid-Infrared Waves." IEEE Photonics Journal 13, no. 2 (April 2021): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/jphot.2021.3057447.

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20

WANG Rong-rong, 王蓉蓉, 吴振森 WU Zhen-sen, 张艳艳 ZHANG Yan-yan, and 巩蕾 GONG Lei. "Transmission Characteristics for THz and Infrared Waves in Fog." ACTA PHOTONICA SINICA 43, no. 10 (2014): 1001001. http://dx.doi.org/10.3788/gzxb20144310.1001001.

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21

Fenton, E. W., and G. C. Aers. "Theory of Infrared Conductivity from Density Waves: (TMTSF)2X." Molecular Crystals and Liquid Crystals 119, no. 1 (March 1985): 201–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00268948508075158.

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22

Calvani, P., G. De Marzi, P. Dore, S. Lupi, P. Maselli, F. D'Amore, S. Gagliardi, and S.-W. Cheong. "Infrared Absorption from Charge Density Waves in Magnetic Manganites." Physical Review Letters 81, no. 20 (November 16, 1998): 4504–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.81.4504.

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23

Shvartsburg, A. B. "High speed tunable thermic modulation of far infrared waves." Optical and Quantum Electronics 22, no. 5 (September 1990): 417–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02113965.

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24

Hooper, Brett A., Anjul Maheshwari, Adam C. Curry, and Todd M. Alter. "Catheter for diagnosis and therapy with infrared evanescent waves." Applied Optics 42, no. 16 (June 1, 2003): 3205. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ao.42.003205.

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25

Qiu, Weibin, Xianhe Liu, Jing Zhao, Shuhong He, Yuhui Ma, Jia-Xian Wang, and Jiaoqing Pan. "Nanofocusing of mid-infrared electromagnetic waves on graphene monolayer." Applied Physics Letters 104, no. 4 (January 27, 2014): 041109. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4863926.

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26

Vaicikauskas, V. "Far infrared surface electromagnetic waves propagation on A3B5 semiconductors." International Journal of Infrared and Millimeter Waves 15, no. 1 (January 1994): 303–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02265892.

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27

Rybarczyk, R. Joseph, Alexandria E. D. Federick, Oleksandr Kokhan, Ryan Luckay, and Giovanna Scarel. "Probing electromagnetic wave energy with an in-series assembly of thermoelectric devices." AIP Advances 12, no. 4 (April 1, 2022): 045201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0082749.

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We study the interaction of radio waves, microwaves, and infrared laser light of power P and period τ with a macroscopic thermoelectric (TEC) device-based detector and probe the energy Pτ as being the energy of these electromagnetic (EM) waves. Our detectors are in-series assemblies of TEC devices. We treat these detectors as equivalent to capacitors and/or inductors. The energy Pτ enables characterizing detector’s parameters, such as equivalent capacitance, inductance, resistance, responsivities, effective power, and efficiency. Through various scaling procedures, Pτ also aids in determining the power P of the EM waves. We compare the performance of our detectors with that of other TEC devices and with radio- and microwave-sensitive devices reported in the current literature, such as spin–orbit torque and spin–torque oscillator devices, heterojunction backward tunnel diodes, and Schottky diodes. We observe that the performance of our detectors is inferior. However, the order of magnitude of our detector’s parameters is in reasonable agreement with those of other TEC and non-TEC devices. We conclude that TEC devices can be used to detect radio waves and that Pτ effectively captures the energy of the EM waves. Considering Pτ as the EM wave’s energy offers a classical approach to the interaction of EM waves with matter in which photons are not involved. With the EM wave’s energy depending upon two variables (P and τ), a similar response could be produced by, e.g., radio waves and visible light, leading to interesting consequences that we briefly outline.

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28

Krisch, Isabell, Jörn Ungermann, Peter Preusse, Erik Kretschmer, and Martin Riese. "Limited angle tomography of mesoscale gravity waves by the infrared limb-sounder GLORIA." Atmospheric Measurement Techniques 11, no. 7 (July 23, 2018): 4327–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/amt-11-4327-2018.

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Abstract. Three-dimensional measurements of gravity waves are required in order to quantify their direction-resolved momentum fluxes and obtain a better understanding of their propagation characteristics. Such 3-D measurements of gravity waves in the lowermost stratosphere have been provided by the airborne Gimballed Limb Observer for Radiance Imaging of the Atmosphere (GLORIA) using full angle tomography. Closed flight patterns of sufficient size are needed to acquire the full set of angular measurements for full angle tomography. These take about 2 h and are not feasible everywhere due to scientific reasons or air traffic control restrictions. Hence, this paper investigates the usability of limited angle tomography for gravity wave research based on synthetic observations. Limited angle tomography uses only a limited set of angles for tomographic reconstruction and can be applied to linear flight patterns. A synthetic end-to-end simulation has been performed to investigate the sensitivity of limited angle tomography to gravity waves with different wavelengths and orientations with respect to the flight path. For waves with wavefronts roughly perpendicular to the flight path, limited angle tomography and full angle tomography can derive wave parameters like wavelength, amplitude, and wave orientation with similar accuracy. For waves with a horizontal wavelength above 200 km and vertical wavelength above 3 km, the wavelengths can be retrieved with less than 10 % error, the amplitude with less than 20 % error, and the horizontal wave direction with an error below 10∘. This is confirmed by a comparison of results obtained from full angle tomography and limited angle tomography for real measurements taken on 25 January 2016 over Iceland. The reproduction quality of gravity wave parameters with limited angle tomography, however, depends strongly on the orientation of the waves with respect to the flight path. Thus, full angle tomography might be preferable in cases in which the orientation of the wave cannot be predicted or waves with different orientations exist in the same volume and thus the flight path cannot be adjusted accordingly. Also, for low-amplitude waves and short-scale waves full angle tomography has advantages due to its slightly higher resolution and accuracy.

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29

Krisch, Isabell, Peter Preusse, Jörn Ungermann, Andreas Dörnbrack, Stephen D. Eckermann, Manfred Ern, Felix Friedl-Vallon, et al. "First tomographic observations of gravity waves by the infrared limb imager GLORIA." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 17, no. 24 (December 18, 2017): 14937–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-14937-2017.

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Abstract. Atmospheric gravity waves are a major cause of uncertainty in atmosphere general circulation models. This uncertainty affects regional climate projections and seasonal weather predictions. Improving the representation of gravity waves in general circulation models is therefore of primary interest. In this regard, measurements providing an accurate 3-D characterization of gravity waves are needed. Using the Gimballed Limb Observer for Radiance Imaging of the Atmosphere (GLORIA), the first airborne implementation of a novel infrared limb imaging technique, a gravity wave event over Iceland was observed. An air volume disturbed by this gravity wave was investigated from different angles by encircling the volume with a closed flight pattern. Using a tomographic retrieval approach, the measurements of this air mass at different angles allowed for a 3-D reconstruction of the temperature and trace gas structure. The temperature measurements were used to derive gravity wave amplitudes, 3-D wave vectors, and direction-resolved momentum fluxes. These parameters facilitated the backtracing of the waves to their sources on the southern coast of Iceland. Two wave packets are distinguished, one stemming from the main mountain ridge in the south of Iceland and the other from the smaller mountains in the north. The total area-integrated fluxes of these two wave packets are determined. Forward ray tracing reveals that the waves propagate laterally more than 2000 km away from their source region. A comparison of a 3-D ray-tracing version to solely column-based propagation showed that lateral propagation can help the waves to avoid critical layers and propagate to higher altitudes. Thus, the implementation of oblique gravity wave propagation into general circulation models may improve their predictive skills.

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30

Сивцева, Вера, Vera Sivtseva, Петр Аммосов, Petr Ammosov, Галина Гаврильева, Galina Gavrilyeva, Игорь Колтовской, Igor Koltovskoi, Анастасия Аммосова, and Anastasiya Ammosova. "Comparison between seasonal variations in tidal and internal gravity wave activity as derived from observations at Maimaga and Tiksi." Solar-Terrestrial Physics 4, no. 2 (June 29, 2018): 69–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/stp-41201811.

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Since 2015, simultaneous observations of temperature of the high-latitude mesopause (87 km) have been made at Maimaga (63.04° N, 129.51° E) and Tiksi (71.58° N, 128.77° E) stations. These stations record spectra with Shamrock (Andor) photosensitive infrared spectrographs detecting the OH (3, 1) band in the near-infrared region (about 1.5 μm). We analyze temperature data obtained in observation seasons from 2015 to 2017. Standard deviations of temperature σ from its mean values are taken as characteristics of wave activity at night. We have obtained standard temperature deviations corresponding to internal gravity waves (IGW) (σgw) and tidal waves (σtd). Mean night rotational temperatures of hydroxyl emission almost coincide, and seasonal variations of gravity and tidal waves have a similar form during two seasons of simultaneous observations at Tiksi and Maimaga.

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31

Сивцева, Вера, Vera Sivtseva, Петр Аммосов, Petr Ammosov, Галина Гаврильева, Galina Gavrilyeva, Игорь Колтовской, Igor Koltovskoi, Анастасия Аммосова, and Anastasiya Ammosova. "Comparison between seasonal variations in tidal and internal gravity wave activity as derived from observations at Maimaga and Tiksi." Solnechno-Zemnaya Fizika 4, no. 2 (June 29, 2018): 109–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/szf-42201811.

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Since 2015, simultaneous observations of temperature of the high-latitude mesopause (87 km) have been made at Maimaga (63.04° N, 129.51° E) and Tiksi (71.58° N, 128.77° E) stations. These stations record spectra with Shamrock (Andor) photosensitive infrared spectrographs detecting the OH (3, 1) band in the near-infrared region (about 1.5 μm). We analyze temperature data obtained in observation seasons from 2015 to 2017. Standard deviations of temperature σ from its mean values are taken as characteristics of wave activity at night. We have obtained standard temperature deviations corresponding to internal gravity waves (IGW) (σgw) and tidal waves (σtd). Mean night rotational temperatures of hydroxyl emission almost coincide, and seasonal variations of gravity and tidal waves have a similar form during two seasons of simultaneous observations at Tiksi and Maimaga.

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32

Chen, Xiao Li, Chang Hui Tian, and Zhi Xin Che. "Frequency Selective Surface for Infrared Transmission Suppression at Atmospheric Window." Materials Science Forum 937 (October 2018): 89–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.937.89.

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A double screen infrared frequency selective surface (FSS) with dual transmission stopbands was proposed and numerically investigated. Simulation results show that the infrared transmittance of the structure is lower than 10% in mid-infrared band (3~5 μm) and far-infrared band (8 ~14 μm).This structure is polarization insensitive to the incident electromagnetic waves. For a wide range of incident angles from 0° to 60°, the infrared transmittance of the structure is still lower than 25% in the band of interest. Compared with black body, the radiation ratio of structure is lower in the MWIR and LWIR ranges. The structure provide the potential applications for infrared stealth.

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33

Kubyshkin, A., M. Paul, and W. Arnold. "Detection of laser excited surface acoustic waves by infrared radiation." Review of Scientific Instruments 71, no. 3 (March 2000): 1429–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1150475.

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34

Yang, Qianru, Cheng Zhang, Shaolong Wu, Shaojuan Li, Qiaoliang Bao, Vincenzo Giannini, Stefan A. Maier, and Xiaofeng Li. "Photonic surface waves enabled perfect infrared absorption by monolayer graphene." Nano Energy 48 (June 2018): 161–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nanoen.2018.03.048.

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35

Palmieri, Beniamino, Maria Vadalà, and Carmen Laurino. "The FIT therapy for the treatment of musculoskeletal and neurological disorders related symptoms: A retrospective observational study." Asian Journal of Medical Sciences 10, no. 5 (August 11, 2019): 6–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ajms.v10i5.21230.

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Background: Far Infrared Waves (FIW) with frequency range among few hundreds gigahertz (GHz) and few terahertz (THz) display some positive effects on neurological and musculoskeletal disorders. Aims and Objectives: Our retrospective observational study describes the benefits observed by the administration of an infrared –trapping and focusing plaster (FIT-PATCH) in patients affected by different musculoskeletal and neurological symptoms. Materials and Methods: 100 patients were retrospectively reviewed through the Second Opinion Medical Network. Each patient sticked a FIT-PATCH every 5 days for 1 month upon the skin in the painful/inflamed area. Quality of life (QOL) assessment was evaluated by the Short Form-36 (SF-36) health survey questionnaire before starting the treatment and after the fourth week and the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) completed the pre-post treatment subjective pain record. Results: SF-36 showed significantly improvement of the pre-post treatment scores (P < 0.03), pain score (P < 0.02), general health score (P < 0.03) and in the emotional component scores (P < 0.03). The VAS pain score was either improved (P < 0.02) after plaster administration. No side effects or allergenic skin reactions were reported along the study. Conclusions: The FIT patches improved the symptoms probably through a mechanism involving the sebaceous/sweat glands system spreading the fit irradiating infrared THz waves energy, to the surrounding tissues with both a thermal and electromagnetic putative effect.The occlusive mechanism of the patch on the skin surface increasing the local thermic gradient cannot be adequately supposed to be therapeutically effective, because the FIT patch locally applied induces haemodynamic microvascular modification, not only locally but also remote. Thus, the intrinsic chemical properties of the FIT formulation absorbs and concentrates the endogenous infrared waves amplifying and reverberating them into the underlying tissues near and far, through low-Q-factor helical antennas of the sweat glands spreading the energy all over the body. Hence, the claim is that fit basically absorbs and concentrates the endogenous infrared waves into the affected districts and accelerates symptoms recovery.

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36

Baggett, Cory, Sukyoung Lee, and Steven Feldstein. "An Investigation of the Presence of Atmospheric Rivers over the North Pacific during Planetary-Scale Wave Life Cycles and Their Role in Arctic Warming." Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences 73, no. 11 (October 10, 2016): 4329–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jas-d-16-0033.1.

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Abstract Heretofore, the tropically excited Arctic warming (TEAM) mechanism put forward that localized tropical convection amplifies planetary-scale waves, which transport sensible and latent heat into the Arctic, leading to an enhancement of downward infrared radiation and Arctic surface warming. In this study, an investigation is made into the previously unexplored contribution of the synoptic-scale waves and their attendant atmospheric rivers to the TEAM mechanism. Reanalysis data are used to conduct a suite of observational analyses, trajectory calculations, and idealized model simulations. It is shown that localized tropical convection over the Maritime Continent precedes the peak of the planetary-scale wave life cycle by ~10–14 days. The Rossby wave source induced by the tropical convection excites a Rossby wave train over the North Pacific that amplifies the climatological December–March stationary waves. These amplified planetary-scale waves are baroclinic and transport sensible and latent heat poleward. During the planetary-scale wave life cycle, synoptic-scale waves are diverted northward over the central North Pacific. The warm conveyor belts associated with the synoptic-scale waves channel moisture from the subtropics into atmospheric rivers that ascend as they move poleward and penetrate into the Arctic near the Bering Strait. At this time, the synoptic-scale waves undergo cyclonic Rossby wave breaking, which further amplifies the planetary-scale waves. The planetary-scale wave life cycle ceases as ridging over Alaska retrogrades westward. The ridging blocks additional moisture transport into the Arctic. However, sensible and latent heat amounts remain elevated over the Arctic, which enhances downward infrared radiation and maintains warm surface temperatures.

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37

KAJIHARA, YUSUKE, KEISHI KOSAKA, and SUSUMU KOMIYAMA. "PASSIVELY DETECTING THERMAL EVANESCENT WAVES FROM ROOM TEMPERATURE OBJECTS." Journal of Nonlinear Optical Physics & Materials 19, no. 04 (December 2010): 589–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218863510005480.

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We have developed a scattering-type scanning near-field optical microscope in long-wavelength infrared region (wavelength: λ ~ 14.5 μm) with a highly sensitive detector, named charge sensitive infrared phototransistor. A tungsten near-field probe was fabricated via electrochemical etching and the sample-probe distance was precisely controlled in shear-force mode. By vertically modulating the probe independently of lateral oscillation for shear-force mode, we successfully detected thermal evanescent waves from a 3 μm-pitch Au/GaAs grating without any external illumination. The spatial resolution was experimentally estimated to be better than 150 nm (λ/100) and the signal-to-noise ratio was around 4 with an averaging time of 300 ms. The strong near-field signal from Au was suggested to be ascribed to thermally excited surface plasmons generating evanescent waves at the surface.

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38

Choi, Seung Hyun, Lee Ku Kwac, and Jae Yeol Kim. "Application of the Ultrasound-Infrared Thermography Technique for Non-Destructive Evaluation of Defects in Shoe Bonding Parts." Advanced Materials Research 123-125 (August 2010): 823–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.123-125.823.

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The infrared thermography technique is being applied in many areas. Particularly these days, non-destructive inspection and evaluation using the ultrasound-infrared thermography technique are hogging the spotlight in a wide range of study areas. The ultrasound-infrared thermography technique uses the principle that ultrasound waves projected to objects with cracks or defects at connections generate local heat from the defective surface. In this research, introduce nondestructive evaluation method for total inspection of special shoes applying Ultrasound Infrared thermography Technique. Performance of the proposed method are shown by through thermo-Image. The total inspection system using infrared thermal camera for special shoes, its applicability, and system configuration are introduced.

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Zhang, Luyu, Wenjie Zhang, Yuanbin Liu, and Linhua Liu. "Three-Layered Thin Films for Simultaneous Infrared Camouflage and Radiative Cooling." Materials 16, no. 11 (June 5, 2023): 4188. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma16114188.

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With the rapid advancements in aerospace technology and infrared detection technology, there are increasing needs for materials with simultaneous infrared camouflage and radiative cooling capabilities. In this study, a three-layered Ge/Ag/Si thin film structure on a titanium alloy TC4 substrate (a widely used skin material for spacecraft) is designed and optimized to achieve such spectral compatibility by combining the transfer matrix method and the genetic algorithm. The structure exhibits a low average emissivity of 0.11 in the atmospheric windows of 3–5 μm and 8–14 μm for infrared camouflage and a high average emissivity of 0.69 in 5–8 μm for radiative cooling. Furthermore, the designed metasurface shows a high degree of robustness regarding the polarization and incidence angle of the incoming electromagnetic wave. The underlying mechanisms allowing for the spectral compatibility of the metasurface can be elucidated as follows: the top Ge layer selectively transmits electromagnetic waves ranging from 5–8 μm while it reflects those in the ranges of 3–5 μm and 8–14 μm. The transmitted electromagnetic waves from the Ge layer are first absorbed by the Ag layer and then localized in the Fabry-Perot resonance cavity formed by Ag layer, Si layer and TC4 substrate. Ag and TC4 make further intrinsic absorptions during the multiple reflections of the localized electromagnetic waves.

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GRIMALSKY, V., S. KOSHEVAYA, and J. ESCOBEDO-A. "INTERACTION OF INFRARED ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVES IN RESONANT LAYERED STRUCTURES WITH n-GaAs SEMICONDUCTOR FILM." Journal of Nonlinear Optical Physics & Materials 18, no. 01 (March 2009): 73–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218863509004506.

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Interaction of infrared electromagnetic (EM) waves in a layered structure with n- GaAs film is investigated theoretically. An oblique incidence of EM wave is considered, when the total internal reflection and resonant transmission occur. It is demonstrated that this structure modulates effectively the infrared EM wave. The modulation mechanism is due to the transfer of electrons from the upper valley to the higher ones in a strong bias electric field. An interaction of strong incident infrared EM pulses with this structure is also considered in the case of the absence of a bias electric field. Both the nonlinear switching of short pulses and the modulation instability of long strong pulses take place.

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Xu, Liangge, Jinye Yang, Kun Li, Lei Yang, and Jiaqi Zhu. "Effect of Post-Deposition Annealing on the Structural Evolution and Optoelectronic Properties of In2O3:H Thin Films." Nanomaterials 12, no. 19 (October 9, 2022): 3533. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano12193533.

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An infrared transparent conductive material is a solution to realize the shielding function of infrared windows against electromagnetic waves, by combining the two characteristics of high transmission and conductivity in infrared wavelengths. Indium-hydroxide-doped (In2O3:H) thin films were prepared by atomic layer deposition method, which can achieve high IR transmission by reducing the carrier concentration on the basis of ensuring the electrical properties. On this basis, the effect of the post-deposition annealing process on the microstructure evolution and optoelectronic properties of In2O3:H thin films was investigated in this paper. It is demonstrated that the carrier mobility after annealing is up to 90 cm2/(V·s), and the transmittance at the 4 μm is about 70%, meanwhile, the carrier concentration after annealing in air atmosphere is reduced to 1019 cm−3, with a transmission rate of up to 83% at 4 μm. The simulations visualize the shielding performance of the annealed In2O3:H thin film against radar electromagnetic waves. It provides a guideline for fabricating lightweight, thin, and multi-functional shielding infrared transparent materials in the key fields of spacecraft and high precision electronics.

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Pérez, Luis A., Jinhui Hu, M. Isabel Alonso, and Alejandro R. Goñi. "Using plasmons to harness infrared solar light." Project Repository Journal 10, no. 1 (September 10, 2021): 118–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.54050/prj10118121.

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Using plasmons to harness infrared solar light The PLASMIONICO project aims to advance the sustainable production of electricity by harnessing infrared (IR) solar light, which is typically wasted in conventional solar cells. The key concept is to allow IR light to be absorbed at nanostructured metal cathodes to launch surface plasmons (rapid oscillations of electronic charge analogous to sound waves in liquids) to generate a photocurrent. Our strategy uses inverted silicon pyramid arrays covered with thin gold films, manufactured employing low-cost and scalable methods. After optimising the infrared absorption performance, we are set to improve photocurrent delivery with promising results.

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Jaksic, Zoran, Marko Obradov, Slobodan Vukovic, and Milivoj Belic. "Plasmonic enhancement of light trapping in photodetectors." Facta universitatis - series: Electronics and Energetics 27, no. 2 (2014): 183–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/fuee1402183j.

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We consider the possibility to use plasmonics to enhance light trapping in such semiconductor detectors as solar cells and infrared detectors for night vision. Plasmonic structures can transform propagating electromagnetic waves into evanescent waves with the local density of states vastly increased within subwavelength volumes compared to the free space, thus surpassing the conventional methods for photon management. We show how one may utilize plasmonic nanoparticles both to squeeze the optical field into the active region and to increase the optical path by Mie scattering, apply ordered plasmonic nanocomposites (subwavelength plasmonic crystals or plasmonic metamaterials), or design nanoantennas to maximize absorption within the detector. We show that many approaches used for solar cells can be also utilized in infrared range if different redshifting strategies are applied.

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Kataoka, S., and K. Atagi. "Preventing IR interference between infrared waves emitted by high-frequency fluorescent lighting systems and infrared remote controls." IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications 33, no. 1 (1997): 239–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/28.567122.

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Xing, Dengke, Jiangyong He, Pan Wang, Huiyi Guo, Kun Chang, Congcong Liu, Yange Liu, and Zhi Wang. "Intermodal dispersive waves and soliton collision during multimode supercontinuum generation in chalcogenide glass fiber." Laser Physics 32, no. 11 (October 14, 2022): 115401. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1555-6611/ac979a.

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Abstract Comparing with fused silica fiber, chalcogenide glass fibers are considered as an ideal platform for mid-infrared supercontinuum generation (SCG) because of its higher nonlinear coefficient and wider transparency window. Multimode fiber provides a new way to achieve special spectral characteristics in SCG by introducing intermodal interaction. We investigate the intermodal nonlinear phenomena associated with SCG in multimode chalcogenide fiber by numerically solving multimode generalized nonlinear Schrödinger equation. The results indicate that when the phase matching condition is satisfied, the intermodal interaction leads to the generation of dispersive waves at mid-infrared wavelength. Furthermore, intermodal and intramodal soliton collision are observed, and the bandwidth of the supercontinuum is increased by the intermodal interaction. These results may provide a new way for the generation of mid-infrared supercontinuum light source.

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Azis, Rosidi, and Muhammad Helmi Hakim. "Application of Infrared with Different Waves and Its Effect on Organoleptic of Dairy Milk." Chalaza Journal of Animal Husbandry 6, no. 1 (November 2, 2021): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.31327/chalaza.v6i1.1385.

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Infrared applications have been widely used to reduce microorganisms in a product and food preservation. Milk is a food product that quickly decomposes, where the changes can be observed organoleptically. This study aimed to test infrared with various wavelengths of milk and observe changes in the organoleptic of milk. The method used was that the dairy milk samples were treated with infrared (IR) exposure of 880 nm and 940 nm. Observation of the changes in milk organoleptic, namely color, taste, and smell. The effectiveness of IR 880 nm has a better ability than IR 940 nm for smell and taste, while for IR 940 nm, color is better than IR 880 nm at 1 - 4 hours, and at 5 hours with 940 nm IR it changes white-brownish.

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Zhong, Zhuoheng, Xin Wang, Xiaojian Yin, Jingkui Tian, and Setsuko Komatsu. "Morphophysiological and Proteomic Responses on Plants of Irradiation with Electromagnetic Waves." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 22 (November 12, 2021): 12239. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms222212239.

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Electromagnetic energy is the backbone of wireless communication systems, and its progressive use has resulted in impacts on a wide range of biological systems. The consequences of electromagnetic energy absorption on plants are insufficiently addressed. In the agricultural area, electromagnetic-wave irradiation has been used to develop crop varieties, manage insect pests, monitor fertilizer efficiency, and preserve agricultural produce. According to different frequencies and wavelengths, electromagnetic waves are typically divided into eight spectral bands, including audio waves, radio waves, microwaves, infrared, visible light, ultraviolet, X-rays, and gamma rays. In this review, among these electromagnetic waves, effects of millimeter waves, ultraviolet, and gamma rays on plants are outlined, and their response mechanisms in plants through proteomic approaches are summarized. Furthermore, remarkable advancements of irradiating plants with electromagnetic waves, especially ultraviolet, are addressed, which shed light on future research in the electromagnetic field.

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Yepuri, Venkatesh, R. S. Dubey, and Brijesh Kumar. "Prohibition of infrared electromagnetic waves through optical coatings on plain glasses." Materials Today: Proceedings 45 (2021): 2883–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2020.11.857.

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Mase, A., Y. Kogi, D. Kuwahara, Y. Nagayama, N. Ito, T. Maruyama, H. Ikezi, et al. "Development and application of radar reflectometer using micro to infrared waves." Advances in Physics: X 3, no. 1 (January 2018): 1472529. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/23746149.2018.1472529.

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Vermeulen, F. E., A. M. Robinson, C. R. James, and J. N. McMullin. "Infrared surface waves in circular hollow waveguides with small core diameters." IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques 42, no. 10 (1994): 1932–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/22.320776.

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