Дисертації: "Information standards"

1

Heravi, Bahareh Rahmanzadeh. "Ontology-based information standards development." Thesis, Brunel University, 2012. http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/6267.

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Standards may be argued to be important enablers for achieving interoperability as they aim to provide unambiguous specifications for error-free exchange of documents and information. By implication, therefore, it is important to model and represent the concept of a standard in a clear, precise and unambiguous way. Although standards development organisations usually provide guidelines for the process of developing and approving standards, they are usually more concerned with administrative aspect of the process. As a consequence, the state-of-the-art lacks practical support for developing the structure and content of a standard specification. In short, there is no systematic development method currently available: (a) For developing the conceptual model underpinning a standard; and/or (b) to guide a group of stakeholders to develop a standard specification. Semantic interoperability is considered to be an essential factor for effective interoperation – the ability to achieve semantic interoperability effectively and efficiently being strongly equated with quality by some. Semantics require that the meaning of terms, their relationships and also the restrictions and rules in the standards should be clearly defined in the early stages of standard development and act as a basis for the latter stages. This research proposes that ontology can help standards developers and stakeholders to address the issues of improving conceptual models and providing a robust and shared understanding of the domain. This thesis presents OntoStanD, a comprehensive ontology-based standards development methodology, which utilises the best practices of the existing ontology creation methods. The potential value of OntoStanD is in providing a comprehensive, clear and unambiguous method for developing robust information standards, which are more test friendly and of higher quality. OntoStanD also facilitates standards conformance testing and change management, impacts interoperability and also assists in improved communication among the standards development team. Last, OntoStanD provides an approach that is repeatable, teachable and potentially general enough for creating any kinds of information standard.

2

Cooper, A. K. (Antony Kyle). "Standards for exchanging digital geo-referenced information." Diss., University of Pretoria, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/23151.

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The purpose of this dissertation is to assess digital geo-referenced information and standards for exchanging such information, especially the South African National Exchange Standard (NES). The process of setting up a standard is exacting. On the one hand, the process demands a thorough scrutiny and analysis of the objects to be standardised and of all related concepts. This is a prerequisite for ensuring that there is unanimity about their meaning and inter-relationships. On the other hand, the process requires that the standard itself be enunciated as succinctly, comprehensibly and precisely as possible. This dissertation addresses both these facets of the standards process in the context of standards for exchanging digital geo-referenced information. The dissertation begins with an analysis of geo-referenced information in general, including digital geo-referenced information. In chapters 2 and 3, the various aspects of such information are scrutinised and evaluated in more detail. The examination of concepts is backed up by a comprehensive Glossary of terms in the domain under discussion. Chapter 4 examines the nature of standards. It also proposes a novel way to approach a standard for the exchange of digital geo-referenced information: namely, that it can be viewed as a language and can accordingly be specified by a grammar. To illustrate the proposal, NES is fully specified, using the Extended Backus-Naur Form notation, in an Appendix. Apart from the advantages of being a succinct and precise formal specification, the approach also lends itself to deploying standard tools such as Lex and yacc for conformance testing and for developing interfaces to NES, as illustrated in a second appendix. As a final theme of the dissertation, an evaluation of such standards is provided. Other standards that have been proposed elsewhere for purposes similar to that of NES are surveyed in chapter 5. In chapter 6, features of NES are highlighted, including the fact that it takes a relational approach. Chapter 7 concludes the dissertation, summarising the work to date, and looking ahead to future work. AFRIKAANS : Die doel van hierdie verhandling is om versyferde geo-verwysde inligting en standaarde vir die uitruil van sulke inligting te ondersoek, met spesifieke verwysing na die Suid- Afrikaanse Nasionale Uitruilstandaard (NES). Die proses om ’n standaard op te stel is veeleisend. Aan die een kant vereis die proses ’n volledige bestudering en ontleding van die objekte wat gestandaardiseer gaan word, asook van al die verwante konsepte. Hierdie is ’n voorvereiste om te verseker dat daar oor hul betekenisse en onderlinge verwantskappe eenstemmigheid bestaan. Aan die ander kant vereis die proses dat die standaard so kernagtig, volledig en presies moontlik gestel moet word. Hierdie verhandeling spreek beide hierdie fasette van die standaardiseringsproses aan, en wel in die konteks van standaarde vir die uitruil van versyferde geo-verwysde inligting. Dié verhandling begin met ’n oorhoofse analise van geo-verwysde inligting, insluitend versyferde geo-verwysde inligting. In hoofstukke 2 en 3 word verskeie aspekte van dié inligting in meer detail ondersoek en geëvalueer. Hierdie ondersoek van konsepte word deur ’n omvattende woordelys van terme in die veld onder bespreking gesteun. Hoofstuk 4 ondersoek die aard van standaarde. Dit stel ook ’n nuwe manier voor om ’n standaard vir die uitruil van versyferde geo-verwysde inligting te benader, naamlik dat dit as ’n taal beskou kan word, en dat dit gevolglik deur middel van ’n grammatika gespesifiseer kan word. Om die voorstel te illustreer, word NES volledig in ’n aanhangsel deur middel van die Uitgebreide Backus-Naur Vorm notasie gespesifiseer. Afgesien van die voordeel van ’n kernagtige en presiese formele spesifikasie, ondersteun die benadering ook standaardgereedskap soos Lex en yacc wat vir konformeringstoetsing en vir NES koppelvlakke gebruik kan word, soos in ’n tweede aanhangsel illustreer word. As ’n finale tema van die verhandeling word ’n evaluasie van tersaaklike standaarde voorsien. Standaarde wat elders vir soortgelyke doeleindes aan dié van NES voorgestel is, word oorsigtelik in hoofstuk 5 beskou. In hoofstuk 6 word kenmerkende eienskappe van NES uitgelig, insluitend die feit dat dit op ’n relasionele benadering gebaseer is. Hoofstuk 7 sluit die verhandeling af met ’n opsomming van werk tot op datum en ’n blik op toekomstige werk.
Dissertation (MSc)--University of Pretoria, 1993.
Computer Science
unrestricted

3

Harakeh, Mostafa. "Information asymmetry, accounting standards, and accounting conservatism." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2017. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/information-asymmetry-accounting-standards-and-accounting-conservatism(1f09d3c2-a25f-40de-8543-e58b80ba0743).html.

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This thesis consists of three self-contained essays, each assessing the interaction between financial accounting and information asymmetry from a different aspect. In the first two essays, I examine how a change in the information environment affects the behavior of market participants. In the third essay, I evaluate the empirical measurement of conditional conservatism in accounting data. Together, these studies contribute to the understanding of the role of financial reporting in mitigating the information gap between stakeholders. In the first essay, I explore the impact of the mandatory adoption of the International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) on dividend payout policy and the value relevance of dividends in two Western European economies. I select the UK as a major common-law country (control group) and France as a code-law country (treatment group) in order to implement a difference-in-differences methodology. My findings suggest that IFRS adoption is a major contributor in increasing dividend payouts among code-law firms, compared to common-law firms, due to a greater reduction in information asymmetry following the IFRS mandate. This makes investors in code-law firms more willing to rely on accounting measures of firm performance, thereby causing a significant and material decrease in dividend value relevance among code-law firms relative to common-law firms. In the second essay, I examine the potential for IFRS to influence the market for SEOs. I utilize a difference-in-differences methodology, where the UK (i.e. common-law firms) is the control group and France (i.e. code-law firms) is the treatment group. I argue that IFRS adoption serves to mitigate information asymmetry and improve accounting quality. Accordingly, I find that, following IFRS adoption, earnings management activities decrease among code-law firms prior to issuing SEOs. As a result of the lower levels of earnings management and information asymmetry, I predict and find that the market reaction to issuing SEOs improves significantly for code-law firms following IFRS. Given that equity financing becomes less costly, I find that the propensity to issue new SEOs increases among code-law firms after IFRS adoption. In the third and final essay, I examine the empirical measurement of conditional conservatism (CC) in accounting data. Prior studies have raised serious concerns about the bias in the asymmetric timeliness (AT) measure of CC. This measure, along with the C_Score measure, underpins a large body of empirical research on CC. Thus I endeavor to assess the extent to which prior literature may need to be revised because of its reliance on these measures. In exploring this issue, I replicate prior studies that rely on the AT or the C_Score measure, and then compare the replicated results with those generated by applying the variance ratio (VR) measure of CC, proposed by Dutta & Patatoukas (2017). I show that the AT and the VR measures are associated unconditionally. Furthermore, my findings suggest that the observed variation in the C_Score measure is driven by variation in the bias implicit in the AT measure rather than variation in CC. I also provide evidence showing that the AT measure yields similar conclusions to the VR measure in research designs that model the change in CC following an exogenous change in accounting policy; however, I find that using the AT measure to document cross-sectional differences in CC is highly likely to have given rise to invalid conclusions in a large number of studies.

4

Borer, Tim. "Television standards conversion." Thesis, University of Surrey, 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.317305.

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5

Rosén, Jonas. "Development of Industrial Information Systems based on Standards." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Datorsystem för konstruktion och tillverkning, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-13196.

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This thesis has studied how ISO STEP application protocols can be used as a base for development of enterprise information systems that provides information sharing capabilities in a collaborative environment. In this thesis, five papers have been selected and are presented in the context of four themes that characterize the whole research body. The four themes are: - Standard models as a base for development of IT systems - Applications operating on integrated (standard) models - Sharing of information - Sharing of collaborative processes The research have been performed in both an academic and industrial context, where the researcher have taken an active role in how to shape the solutions that became the result of the research project. Initially the projects were limited to virtual manufacturing with a focus on the management of manufacturing information. However, gradually the scope grew to include management of product information across the lifecycle. Also the organizational context was widened to include management of information that is shared between companies across their company borders. The growing scope made the research to take on new aspects for each new area of issues that surfaced. One overall issue that surfaced was how to be able to exchange product data between companies over a long time and at the same time be able to impose configuration control of the shared information. One of the major conclusions is that sharing of information over time and across the lifecycle in a virtual enterprise is a task that involves more efforts than the task of exchanging product data of the same type (e.g. design data, CAD files) between two companies. The results of the research show that the ISO 10303 application protocols are qualified for use in an enterprise product data management environment. However, the result also shows that there are a number of issues to deal with when developing a product data sharing environment based on standards. For example, how to efficiently transform and use the data structures of ISO 10303 application protocols in the different layers of a software system, the data layer, the business object and services layer and the user interfaces. Other issues are on how to deal with the neutral representation such that companies can integrate their contextual information with the neutral product data representation. Future research is recommended to look more close into how the new evolving software architectures that becomes more mainstream today, such as Enterprise Service Bus technology (ESB) and Cloud Computing, amongst others, can utilize the ISO 10303 application protocols as their canonical format. Another important area is to further elaborate, and integrate ISO 10303 with existing technologies for Reference Data and unstructured data that today get more and more traction
QC 20100920

6

Lavers, Gary C. "Information-sharing application standards for integrated government systems." Thesis, Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/5067.

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Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited
This thesis examines the Department of Homeland Security's (DHS) Homeland Security Information Network (HSIN) early acquisition shortcomings identified by the Government Accountability Office, DHS Inspector General and Congressional Research Service reports. Challenges identified in the initial development of HSIN reveal a lack of adequate program management, requirements planning, risk analysis and architectural design led to low user acceptance and continued DHS information-sharing challenges. Lessons learned from HSIN are examined to determine which best practices can help ensure major government software-acquisition projects meet user's needs. Often overlooked, but critical, software program-management practices include user requirements planning that focuses development on the highest priority tasks and encourages the timely accomplishment of project milestones, risk planning that ensures potential roadblocks are understood and addressed, and architectural design practices that foster the integration of both newly developed and legacy information systems. Without initial and continuous life-cycle requirements, risk and architectural planning, software projects run an increased risk of going over budget, missing operational milestones and ultimately not meeting its user's needs.

7

Holmstrup, Mark A. "Privacy protection standards for the information sharing environment." Thesis, Monterey, California : Naval Postgraduate School, 2009. http://edocs.nps.edu/npspubs/scholarly/theses/2009/Sep/09Sep%5FHolmstrup.pdf.

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Thesis (M.A. in Security Studies (Homeland Security and Defense))--Naval Postgraduate School, September 2009.
Thesis Advisor(s): Bergin, Richard D. ; Josefek, Robert A. "September 2009." Description based on title screen as viewed on November 9, 2009. Author(s) subject terms: Information Sharing Environment, privacy, collaboration, constitutionality, Transportation Security Administration, Program Manager Information Sharing Environment, information sharing. Includes bibliographical references (p. 89-96). Also available in print.

8

Thomson, Steven Michael. "A standards-based security model for health information systems." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/718.

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In the healthcare environment, various types of patient information are stored in electronic format. This prevents the re-entering of information that was captured previously. In the past this information was stored on paper and kept in large filing cabinets. However, with the technology advancements that have occurred over the years, the idea of storing patient information in electronic systems arose. This led to a number of electronic health information systems being created, which in turn led to an increase in possible security risks. Any organization that stores information of a sensitive nature must apply information security principles in order to ensure that the stored information is kept secure. At a basic level, this entails ensuring the confidentiality, integrity and availability of the information, which is not an easy feat in today’s distributed and networked environments. This paved the way for organized standardization activities in the areas of information security and information security management. Throughout history, there have been practices that were created to help “standardize” industries of all areas, to the extent that there are professional organizations whose main objective it is to create such standards to help connect industries all over the world. This applies equally to the healthcare environment, where standardization took off in the late eighties. Healthcare organizations must follow standardized security measures to ensure that patient information stored in health information systems is kept secure. However, the proliferation in standards makes it difficult to understand, adopt and deploy these standards in a coherent manner. This research, therefore, proposes a standards-based security model for health information systems to ensure that such standards are applied in a manner that contributes to securing the healthcare environment as a whole, rather than in a piecemeal fashion.

9

Mynyk, John. "Information technology programming standards and annual project maintenance costs." Thesis, University of Phoenix, 2014. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3578624.

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Organizations that depend on the use of IT in their business models must maintain their systems and keep their systems current to survive (Filipek, 2008; Kulkarni, Kumar, Mookerjee, & Sethi, 2009; Unterkalmsteiner et al., 2012). As most IT departments allocate as much as 80% of their budget to maintain stability while leaving only the other 20% to allow improvements (Telea et al., 2010), high cost of stability may be a reason many IT organizations cannot afford efficient staffing and even jeopardize the existence of the organization (Filipek, 2008; Talib, Abdullah, Atan, & Murad, 2010). The purpose of this exploratory mixed methods study was to discover the IT programming standards used in IT departments that predict a decrease in project maintenance costs. This study employed an exploratory mixed methods data collection and analysis to develop and test a collection of universal programming standards. The qualitative portion of the study resulted in a list of IT programming standards from the Fortune 20 companies of 2011. Surveyed from IT departments in the Fortune 500 companies of 2011, the quantitative portion of this study correlate the degree of enforcement of each IT programming standard to a decrease in average project maintenance costs using a backward stepwise regression. Using a 95% confidence interval and a 5% margin of error (α = .05), the backward stepwise regression discarded 18 of the 22 IT programming standards. The remaining correlations give evidence that a) the more the department enforces waiting for feedback the higher the maintenance costs, b) the more the department enforces having the architectural team develop coding guidelines the lower the maintenance costs, and c) the more the IT department enforces the following of change management procedures, the higher the maintenance costs.

10

Badrah, Mustafa Kamal. "Information technology strategies for detailed structural design." Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.248505.

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11

Taylor, Kelli Alise. "Teacher perceptions of diagnostic information provided by standards-based testing." [Gainesville, Fla.] : University of Florida, 2006. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/UFE0015679.

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12

Harrs, Shawn. "Standards Directory: An Engineering and Technology Standards Digital Library and Information Retrieval System for The Walt Disney Company." NSUWorks, 2006. http://nsuworks.nova.edu/gscis_etd/568.

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Walt Disney Company (Company) engineers and architects utilize engineering and technology standards in the design, development, and maintenance of its physical infrastructure worldwide. There was a need to improve the methods by which Company standards are organized and retrieved. While the leading commercial information brokers for engineering and technology standards provide standards search engines and online standards catalogs, these search services are poor in supporting standards seekers who have only a general understanding of their information needs because their searches only utilize a standard's document number, title, and keywords as metadata for searching. In order to provide a tool for distributing and retrieving standards in an online environment that fulfilled the needs of Company engineers and architects, the Standards Directory, a digital library and information retrieval system, was developed with two main features in mind: categorization and search. First, the Standards Directory utilizes an engineering and technology taxonomy to provide grouping and classification of standards. Second, the Standards Directory supports various forms of search and improves the overall relevance of search results by, among other things, providing stem word full-text searching and browsing capabilities within disciplines. A study was conducted to investigate the effectiveness of the Standards Directory compared with leading commercial information brokers of engineering and technology standards. The study found that the Standards Directory provided a higher level of relevance of search results as established by end-user relevance judgments made by Company engineers and architects seeking information for their actual information needs. Standards-based engineering, architectural, and other high technology organizations may benefit from the implementation of a Standards Directory as it can increase employee productivity, improve product quality, enhance the accuracy of organizational decision-making, and foster organizational learning.

13

Hagman, Anna. "The Knowledge- and Adoption Level of Standards for Technical Interoperability among Providers of Healthcare Information Systems." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för teknik och hälsa (STH), 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-190021.

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This thesis was one of the deliverables of StandIN. The purpose of StandIN was to propose a common framework including standards for technical interoperability. The goal of this thesis was to structure and analyze information about the knowledge- and adoption level of the standards among providers of healthcare information systems (HIS's). Moreover, it aimed to evaluate different aspect that might affect the adoption. The target group was providers of HIS's used in Swedish county councils and regions. The information was gathered through a survey and semi-structured interviews, and stored in an Excel database. From the database, Pivot tables and charts were created in order to show the knowledge- as well as adoption level of the different standards. The results were thereafter compared to theory about interoperability and standard adoption. It was clear that the knowledge level varied for the different standards. In addition, the adoption level was very low - except from CCOW and HL7 v2. Least adopted were domain-specific standards. The results also indicated a trend for only adopting parts of standards. Moreover, many providers stated that they performed specific integrations rather than followed common standards. This seemed to be due to the choice of standards being too wide, and the actual adoption not being consistent among the different providers. According to the providers, an introduction of a national framework based on uniform and consistent international standards was an awaited solution to the problem. A future extension of this thesis would be to perform a similar study involving the customers. The database could also be used to do clustered analyses of the adoption state in different county councils and regions. Moreover, it could be used to analyze the development of standard adoption over time.
Den här uppsatsen var ett utav delresultaten i StandIN, ett initiativ till att ta fram ett gemensamt ramverk med standarder för teknisk interoperabilitet. Den här uppsatsen syftade till att strukturera och analysera information om kunskaps- och tillämpningsnivån för de tilltänkta standarderna. Målgruppen var leverantörer av vårdinformationssystem som används i Sveriges landsting och regioner. Informationen samlades in genom en enkät samt semi-strukturerade intervjuer, och lagrades sedan i en Excel-databas. Pivot-tabeller och -diagram skapades för att visualisera kunskaps- och tillämpningsnivån, och resultaten jämfördes sedan med teori om interoperabilitet och standardtillämpning. Det var tydligt att kunskapsnivån skilde sig för de olika standarderna. Tillämpningsnivån var generellt sett väldigt låg, bortsett från CCOW och HL7 v2. Minst tillämpade var domänspecifika standarder. Det var också tydligt att centrala leverantörer inte tillämpade samma standarder, vilket troligtvis påverkar de kompletterande systemen. Många leverantörer gjorde snarare specifika integrationer, än följde gemensamma standarder. Anledningen var att valet av standarder var för brett, och att den faktiska tillämpningen av standarder inte var konsekvent mellan olika leverantörer. Enligt leverantörerna skulle ett nationellt ramverk med enhetliga och internationella standarder vara en efterlängtad lösning på problemet. En fortsättning på denna uppsats är att använda databasen till att göra klusteranalyser för tillämpningsnivån av standarder hos system i olika landsting och regioner. Databasen skulle också kunna användas till att analysera utvecklingen av kunskap och tillämpning över tid.
StandIN

14

Reed, Landon T. "Real-time transit passenger information: a case study in standards development." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/50218.

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As the transportation sector fully integrates information technology, transit agencies face decisions that expose them to new technologies, relationships and risks. Accompanying a rise in transit-related web and mobile applications, a set of competing real-time transit data standards from both public and private organizations have emerged. The purpose of this research is to understand the standard-setting processes for these data standards and the forces that move the transit industry towards the widespread adoption of a data standard. This project will analyze through case studies and interviews with members of standard-setting organizations the development of three real-time transit data standards: (1) the development of the General Transit Feed Specification Realtime (GTFS-realtime), (2) the Service Interface for Real Time Information (SIRI), and (3) Transit Communications Interface Profiles (TCIP). The expected outcome of this research is an assessment of federal policy on standards development as well as an analysis of current and future trends in this sector—both technical and institutional. The results will inform federal transit policy and future action in standards-setting and intelligent transportation systems (ITS) requirements, identifying the potential catalysts that will increase the effectiveness of federal- and agency-level programs.

15

Nyqvist, Olof. "Information Management for Cutting Tools : Information Models and Ontologies." Doctoral thesis, Stockholm : Industriell produktion, Production Engineering, Kungliga Tekniska högskolan, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-4763.

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16

Lopez, Alvarado Paula Andrea. "Integrated scheduling and information support system for transit maintenance departments." [Tampa, Fla.] : University of South Florida, 2005. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/SFE0001151.

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17

Schönbeck, Tobias. "Bankenrechnungslegung nach IAS, IFRS : Gläubigerschutz durch Information? : ein kritischer Vergleich mit den Regeln des deutschen Rechts /." Frankfurt am Main ; Berlin ; Bern ; Bruxelles ; New York ; Oxford ; Wien : Lang, 2004. http://swbplus.bsz-bw.de/bsz114479267inh.htm.

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18

Shoraka, Babak. "An Empirical Investigation of the Economic Value of Information Security Management System Standards." NSUWorks, 2011. http://nsuworks.nova.edu/gscis_etd/304.

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Within the modern and globally connected business landscape, the information assets of organizations are constantly under attack. As a consequence, protection of these assets is a major challenge. The complexities and vulnerabilities of information systems (ISs) and the increasing risks of failure combined with a growing number of security incidents, prompts these entities to seek guidance from information security management standards. The International Organization of Standardization (ISO) Information Security Management System (ISMS) standard specifies the requirements for establishing, operating, monitoring, and improving an information security management system within the context of an organization's overall business risks. Importantly, this standard is designed to ensure the selection of adequate information security controls for the protection of an organization's information assets and is the only auditable international standard for information security management. The adoption of, and certification against the ISO ISMS standard is a complex process which impacts many different security aspects of organizations and requires significant investments in information security. Although many benefits are associated with the adoption of an information security management standard, organizations are increasingly employing economic measures to evaluate and justify their information security investments. With the growing emphasis on the importance of understanding the economic aspects of information security, this study investigated the economic value of the ISO ISMS standard adoption and certification. The principles of the efficient market hypothesis and the event study methodology were employed to establish whether organizations realized economic gains from obtaining certification against the ISO ISMS standard. The results of this research showed that capital markets did not react to the ISO ISMS certification announcements. Furthermore, the capital market reaction to information security breaches was not different between ISO ISMS certified and non-certified firms. It was concluded that the ISO ISMS certification did not create economic value for the certified firms

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Dresner, Daniel Gideon. "A study of standards and the mitigation of risk in information systems." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2011. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/a-study-of-standards-and-the-mitigation-of-risk-in-information-systems(d316550b-f305-4802-a037-688bb44bdc48).html.

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Organisations from the multinational Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development through to national initiatives such as the UK's Cabinet Office, have recognised that risk - the realisation of undesirable outcomes - needs a firm framework of policy and action for mitigation. Many standards have been set that implicitly or explicitly expect to manage risk in information systems, so creating a framework of such standards would steer outcomes to desirable results.This study applies a mixed methodology of desk enquiries, surveys, and action research to investigate how the command and control of information systems may be regulated by the fusion and fission of tacit knowledge in standards comprising the experience and inductive reasoning of experts. Information system user organisations from the membership of The National Computing Centre provided the working environment in which the research was conducted in real time. The research shows how a taxonomy of risks can be selected, and how a validated catalogue of standards which describe the mitigation of those risks can be assembled taking the quality of fit and expertise required to apply the standards into account. The work bridges a gap in the field by deriving a measure of organisational risk appetite with respect to information systems and the risk attitude of individuals, and linking them to a course of action - through the application of standards - to regulate the performance of information systems within a defined tolerance. The construct of a methodology to learn about a framework of ideas has become an integral part of the methodology itself with the standards forming the framework and providing direction of its application.The projects that comprise the research components have not proven the causal link between standards and the removal of risk, leaving this ripe for a narrowly scoped, future investigation. The thesis discusses the awareness of risk and the propensity for its management, developing this into the definition of a framework of standards to mitigate known risks in information systems with a new classification scheme that cross-references the efficacy of a standard with the expertise expected from those who apply it. The thesis extends this to the idea that the framework can be scaled to the views of stakeholders, used to detect human vulnerabilities in information systems, and developed to absorb the lessons learnt from emergent risk. The research has clarified the investigation of the security culture in the thrall of an information system and brought the application of technical and management standards closer to overcoming the social and psychological barriers that practitioners and researchers must overcome.

20

Lin, Wen-shan. "Accounting Regulation and Information Asymmetry in the Capital Markets: An Empirical Study of Accounting Standard SFAS no 87." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1994. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc277661/.

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This study uses both basic and self-selection regression models to test three hypotheses about the effect of SFAS 87 disclosures on information asymmetry during 1985- 1987. Both types of models test the hypotheses after controlling for changes in the inventory holding and order processing costs of the spread, while the self-selection models also control for potential self-selection bias.

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TURINA, ALESSANDRO. "Information based administrative tax co-operation: consolidating standards, emerging actors and evolutionary perspectives." Doctoral thesis, Università Bocconi, 2013. https://hdl.handle.net/11565/4054337.

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Johan, Boström. "Compliance & Standards - The Journey To Security." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för informationsteknologi, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-446601.

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We are in the age of Information Technology (IT) and amazinginnovations are developed. Management systems are now completelydigitalized and it has enabled people to continue working remotely inthe midst of a pandemic. With great innovations there are those thatseek to misuse or destroy systems for personal gain. Therefore IT &Information security is paramount both for organisation and products.To offer both an international approach for common security practicesand provide best results for IT & Information security there existsstandards and frameworks. In this thesis, the standard frameworksgeneral impact and value from both an organisational and a vendorsperspective is evaluated and assessed. To answer the research questionsof this thesis, standards and supporting theory were analysed andinterviewees with security professionals were held. Standards provideorganisational goals for developing a well-functioning and resilientsecurity. Standards also provide a common baseline between customerand vendors, minimising the need for tailoring in products’ securityrequirements. Furthermore, a certification for standards can increasethe confidence of the organisation or product, and generate a businessvalue. Whilst there are many benefits, the standards offer a structure onhow security can be built, but an organisation needs to understand anddevelop a security adapted to their organisation. In addition to setting upa security framework and implementing controls, organisation need tocreate security assurance processes to continuously review and evaluatemeasures to ascertain security posture.

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Díaz, Sánchez Laura. "Improving resource availability for geospatial information infrastructures." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Jaume I, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/10488.

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Los sistemas de información construidos mediante servicios distribuidos basados en estándares se han convertido en el paradigma de computación adoptado por defecto por la comunidad geoespacial para la construcción de infraestructuras de información. Diferentes disposiciones gubernamentales, como la Directiva Europea INSPIRE, recomiendan normas para compartir recursos (por ejemplo, datos y procesos) con el objetivo de mejorar el estudio del medio ambiente (y otros campos similares) y la toma de decisiones.
La mayoría de las infraestructuras de información geoespacial (IIG) atienden necesidades básicas tales como acceso a datos, visualización y descarga, sin embargo, tienen escasos enlaces a servicios de geoprocesamiento. Además, la mayorí¬a de infraestructuras geoespaciales se han construido siguiendo un enfoque del tipo top-down, donde sólo a los proveedores oficiales (por lo general los organismos públicos) se les permite desplegar y mantener recursos. Debido a que los mecanismos para desplegar e integrar recursos en estas infraestructuras son tecnológicamente complejos, existe una muy limitada participación por parte de los usuarios, provocando a la larga la escasez de recursos actualizados.
Para hacer frente a estas limitaciones, se presenta en este trabajo, una arquitectura distribuida basada en los principios de INSPIRE y ampliada con un componente llamado ServiceFramework. Este componente proporciona capacidad de procesamiento, ofreciendo una funcionalidad existente en forma de servicio estándar de procesamiento. También mejora la integración ad hoc y el despliegue de recursos de información geoespacial dentro de la infraestructura. El ServiceFramework trata la necesidad de mejorar la disponibilidad de recursos de datos geoespaciales, proporcionando mecanismos para generar de forma automática servicios compatible con INSPIRE.
Estas contribuciones son evaluadas en dos escenarios diferentes dentro de dos proyectos europeos. En el proyecto AWARE, se demuestra cómo un grupo de hidrólogos puede beneficiarse del acceso a las infraestructuras geoespaciales donde pueden compartir capacidades de procesamiento. En el proyecto EuroGEOSS, demostramos cómo mejorar la disponibilidad de los recursos geoespaciales para analizar un escenario forestal. Se prevé que estas nuevas metodologí¬as, pueden aumentar la participación de usuarios más expertos en la creación de infraestructuras de información geoespacial, lo que aumenta la utilidad y el valor de estas infraestructuras.

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Bytheway, Andy. "The availability, applicability and utility of information systems engineering standards in South African higher education." University of the Western Cape, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/5023.

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Philosophiae Doctor - PhD
Higher education institutions in South Africa have invested heavily in information technology and information systems, with variable outcomes. Organisations in other sectors, such as engineering, the defence industry, public administration and business, have developed and adopted standards and guides to good practice for the development and operation of software-based systems. In the history of standards-making there was an early vision of the need to extend standardisation beyond software engineering into the world that acquires and uses systems, and yet the overall scope of available standards is still limited. Seeing slow progress in the international committees that develop nationally-endorsed standards (such as ISO-IEC/JTC1/SC7) practitioner communities moved to develop good practice guides such as COBIT and ITIL, that have found considerable interest in progressive organisations. Hence a range of potential guidance is available. In order to assess the extent to which standards and good practice guides might assist higher education, the four tertiary institutions in the Western Cape were approached and a representative range of academic, administrative and managerial individuals agreed to contribute to the study as respondents. Interviews were organised in two parts: the first an open conversation about their involvement with systems, and the second a structured examination of systems-related events that they considered significant. By inspection of those events, bipolar scales were developed by which respondents were able to characterise events (for example as ‘challenging’ or ‘easy’, or as ‘functional’ or ‘dysfunctional’). Respondents rated events on those scales. Repertory Grid analysis was applied so as to investigate which scales correlated with event success. 30 scales (out of 170) proved to be adequately correlated with success, and by principal component analysis they were combined to form nine ‘success scale’ groups, indicating nine areas where the deployment of standards or good practice guides might be expected to lead to more effective use of improved information systems. The study adopted an abductive approach to the work, keeping open the question of what might be the contribution to knowledge. In the event, a new Reference Model emerged from the data analysis that contributes to the effective choice and management of standards and good practice guides .A review of available standards and good practice guides using the new Reference Model concludes that the good practice guides are more applicable than the internationally developed standards, and in some areas management models and frameworks have a contribution to make. The utility of standards, good practice guides and management models will depend on the circumstances and context of use, which are extremely variable. A portfolio approach to the management of information systems provides a means to deal with that variability. It is further found that the IMBOK1 can be used to assess the linkages between information technology, information systems, business processes, business benefits and business strategy. The new Reference Model has a role to play in resolving the need for standards in the four junctions between those five IMBOK domains. Selected standards are assessed in that way, and an illustrative commentary is provided showing how projects and other systems-related initiatives can be assessed using the new Reference Model and the IMBOK.
Carnegie Corporation of New York

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Ngqondi, Tembisa Grace. "The ISO/IEC 27002 and ISO/IEC 27799 information security management standards : a comparative analysis from a healthcare perspective." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/1066.

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Technological shift has become significant and an area of concern in the health sector with regard to securing health information assets. Health information systems hosting personal health information expose these information assets to ever-evolving threats. This information includes aspects of an extremely sensitive nature, for example, a particular patient may have a history of drug abuse, which would be reflected in the patient’s medical record. The private nature of patient information places a higher demand on the need to ensure privacy. Ensuring that the security and privacy of health information remain intact is therefore vital in the healthcare environment. In order to protect information appropriately and effectively, good information security management practices should be followed. To this end, the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) published a code of practice for information security management, namely the ISO 27002 (2005). This standard is widely used in industry but is a generic standard aimed at all industries. Therefore it does not consider the unique security needs of a particular environment. Because of the unique nature of personal health information and its security and privacy requirements, the need to introduce a healthcare sector-specific standard for information security management was identified. The ISO 27799 was therefore published as an industry-specific variant of the ISO 27002 which is geared towards addressing security requirements in health informatics. It serves as an implementation guide for the ISO 27002 when implemented in the health sector. The publication of the ISO 27799 is considered as a positive development in the quest to improve health information security. However, the question arises whether the ISO 27799 addresses the security needs of the healthcare domain sufficiently. The extensive use of the ISO 27002 implies that many proponents of this standard (in healthcare), now have to ensure that they meet the (assumed) increased requirements of the ISO 27799. The purpose of this research is therefore to conduct a comprehensive comparison of the ISO 27002 and ISO 27799 standards to determine whether the ISO 27799 serves the specific needs of the health sector from an information security management point of view.

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Smith, Harriet K. "Adherence to ethical standards: Pharmacists as experts." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2019. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/127834/1/Harriet_Smith_Thesis.pdf.

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Credence goods are characterised by qualities of products that cannot be detected by consumers before their use, preventing them from assessing beforehand the true experienced utility. This study aims to apply the credence goods framework to the joint diagnosis-treatment in the sale of over-the-counter medicines in a real world setting. The presence of inefficiencies was studied through a unique sample (394 observations) of OTC pharmaceutical purchases in a controlled Australian field setting. This study provides first evidence from a simulated patient experiment on the provision of advice and pharmaceuticals using the credence goods framework in Australia. The results indicate there are significant inefficiencies present through over- and under-treatment, overselling and diagnostic failure. The analysis found that pharmacies were engaging in strategic overselling as a substitute for overcharging strategies which were not attainable due to institutional conditions.

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Takacs, Theodore Jr. "Using the Telemetry Attributes Transfer Standard." International Foundation for Telemetering, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/611871.

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International Telemetering Conference Proceedings / October 25-28, 1993 / Riviera Hotel and Convention Center, Las Vegas, Nevada
Telemetry attributes are the detailed items of information needed for a receiving/processing system to acquire and process data from a given test item. There are currently as many different ways to describe telemetry attributes as there are different organizations which provide them (instrumentation groups and aircraft/missile manufacturers) and use them (telemetry processing systems/test ranges). The Telemetry Attributes Transfer Standard (TMATS) has been developed as a method of standardizing the transfer of telemetry attributes information. This paper describes the TMATS standard and discusses its purpose and application.

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Njuguna, Rebecca Wanjiku. "Investigating Factors that Influence Compliance of Digital Financial Service Agents to Legislation and Standards in Kenya." Master's thesis, Faculty of Commerce, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/33914.

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This study investigated the factors that influence compliance with existing legislation and standards among digital financial services (DFS) agents in Kenya. DFS in Kenya serve 60% of the adult population with at least 16 million subscribers. Much of these are attributable to the mobile money service Mpesa which accounts for the largest DFS market share. The number of DFS agents serving the market has grown to over five times the number of bank branches and ATMs in the country. With this growth in DFS, there have been many operational challenges among agents and the legislation has been at nascent. The aim of the study was to understand agent operational factors and how they influence compliance. Therefore, the main research question that guided the study was “How do operational factors affect compliance of DFS agents with agency banking legislation and standards in Kenya?” Additionally, the study investigated the compliance status among agents and identifiable groupings by compliance behaviour. Previous studies on DFS agents have identified persistent operational challenges but there has been no inquiry on how existing legislation addresses these challenges and whether their persistence is due to non-compliance. To investigate compliance, first, Configuration Theory (CT) was used to conceptualise DFS agents as organisations, classifying their operations under CT's principles of structure, strategy and environment. Subsequently, a conceptual model was developed with structure, strategy and environment as independent variables and compliance as the dependent variable. The first three propositions derived stated that structure, strategy and environment have an influence on compliance. The fourth proposition posed was that strategy has a greater influence on compliance than structure and environment. Quantitative paper-based questionnaires were used to collect cross-sectional data from 450 DFS agents in Kenya. A Partial Least Squares approach to Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM) was applied to analyse the data on Smart PLS3. All four propositions were confirmed. Structure, strategy and environment had highly significant effects on compliance and strategy had the strongest effect on compliance. The findings suggest that Strategy, which was measured using training and technology utilization questionnaire items plays the biggest role in an agent's operations and compliance. Training equips agents with skills to manage liquidity, offer quality customer service, perform Know-Your-Customer (KYC), CustomerDue-Diligence (CDD) and suspicious transaction reporting (STR) procedures to assist with fraud detection and anti-money-laundering (AML) by identifying counterfeit customer identification documents, cash, and suspicious behaviour. Technologies such as CCTV cameras, counterfeit cash detectors and cash counting machines not only enhance efficiency but support the enforcement of the fraud and AML procedures. A two-step cluster analysis was performed to classify agents by compliance behaviour. Two distinct clusters emerged. The cluster where majority of agents fell exhibited better training and awareness of existing legislation, higher education levels and financial resources and was compliant with most of the questionnaire items measured. The second cluster with fewer agents was uncompliant on most questionnaire items measured and was characterised by lower education levels, financial resources and training levels. There were commonalities in both clusters which were relatively low scores on legislation awareness, and low compliance scores on liquidity and possession of DFS agent operational manuals. These findings suggest that an agent with a good alignment of financial and human resources (structure), good training and technology (strategy) and well informed about existing legislation (environment) would be compliant and is likely to experience less operational challenges. The findings also provide insights on what areas agents can take initiative for their own development, the most important being liquidity management, technology optimization and educating themselves on what legislations apply to them, and their compliance roles and responsibilities. Lastly, the study provides regulators with exploratory findings on the state of compliance among DFS agents in Kenya, indicating which areas agents are having most difficulty with. Banks and MNOs must recognize the crucial role of training and tailor programs to be responsive to all agent's operational and legislative areas.

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Sage, Cynthia Faye. "Stem Lessons for Promoting 21st Century Learning Standards." TopSCHOLAR®, 2017. https://digitalcommons.wku.edu/theses/2050.

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The purpose of this study was to identify if and how STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, Math) lessons help student progress toward achieving benchmarks in AASL (American Association of School Librarians) 21st Century Learner Standards. This study was conducted in the library media center with 48 kindergarten students participating. The researcher taught mini-lessons for the AASL Standards prior to students participating in the STEM activities. The data were collected on 23 benchmarks included in the AASL Standards. Students were rated on these Standards as beginning, progressing, or achieving. Data analysis indicated that the STEM lessons were an effective means for providing the students with developmentally appropriate ways to make progress toward the AASL Standards. Data analysis also revealed that the STEM lessons were effective in reducing the number of students rated as beginning, as well as pushing some students into the achieving category.

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De, Klerk Jeanne Louise. "Cartographic GIS standards adopted by the Department of Water Affairs and Forestry : a case study." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/17480.

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Includes bibliographies.
The Department of Water Affairs and Forestry (DWAF) acquired a Geographic Information System (GIS) in 1987. The purpose of acquiring such a system was to aid the department in implementing their water resource management strategy of that time. On acquiring this system it was well recognised that the GIS would need to communicate geo-referenced information, generated by analysis and modelling to decision makers by means of graphic representations or maps (Olivier et al., 1990: 14 73). Towards the end of 1990 it became apparent that the department needed to standardise cartographic output of this system. Maps on the same theme, which were produced at different sites were not comparable and graphic communication was not effective. A consultant was appointed, who, in conjunction with the departmental digital cartographer, established criteria and standards which were flexible enough to accommodate mapping on a wide variety of themes. These standards were implemented, to a limited extent in July 1994. Standards were set for map encoding, map content and map composition. This report investigates how effective these standards have been. The effectiveness of these standards have been measured in terms of the five recognised cartographic design principles that have been identified by Robinson et al. (1984), Wood (1992) and Dent (1990). These include the clarity and legibility of maps, the distinction between figure and ground, the hierarchical organisation of mapped information, the visual contrast of marks on maps and the visual balance or layout of the finished map. A sample of maps made after the implementation of cartographic standards at the department was compared to a sample of comparable maps made prior to the implementation of these standards. In a large organisation like the department the success of such standards do not depend on the standards alone but also on their implementation. Implementation related problems were identified by comparing standardised maps with the standards. The outcome of the investigation proved that the effectiveness of graphic communication had indeed improved albeit to a varying degree. In most cases the standards were adequate and the main problems actually lay with their implementation. Recommendations on the implementation and the few aspects of the standards that require amendment have been included in this report.

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Zenasni, Sarah. "Extraction d'information spatiale à partir de données textuelles non-standards." Thesis, Montpellier, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018MONTS076/document.

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L’extraction d’information spatiale à partir de données textuelles est désormais un sujet de recherche important dans le domaine du Traitement Automatique du Langage Naturel (TALN). Elle répond à un besoin devenu incontournable dans la société de l’information, en particulier pour améliorer l’efficacité des systèmes de Recherche d’Information (RI) pour différentes applications (tourisme, aménagement du territoire, analyse d’opinion, etc.). De tels systèmes demandent une analyse fine des informations spatiales contenues dans les données textuelles disponibles (pages web, courriels, tweets, SMS, etc.). Cependant, la multitude et la variété de ces données ainsi que l’émergence régulière de nouvelles formes d’écriture rendent difficile l’extraction automatique d’information à partir de corpus souvent peu standards d’un point de vue lexical voire syntaxique.Afin de relever ces défis, nous proposons, dans cette thèse, des approches originales de fouille de textes permettant l’identification automatique de nouvelles variantes d’entités et relations spatiales à partir de données textuelles issues de la communication médiée. Ces approches sont fondées sur trois principales contributions qui sont cruciales pour fournir des méthodes de navigation intelligente. Notre première contribution se concentre sur la problématique de reconnaissance et d’extraction des entités spatiales à partir de corpus de messages courts (SMS, tweets) marqués par une écriture peu standard. La deuxième contribution est dédiée à l’identification de nouvelles formes/variantes de relations spatiales à partir de ces corpus spécifiques. Enfin, la troisième contribution concerne l’identification des relations sémantiques associées à l’information spatiale contenue dans les textes. Les évaluations menées sur des corpus réels, principalement en français (SMS, tweets, presse), soulignent l’intérêt de ces contributions. Ces dernières permettent d’enrichir la typologie des relations spatiales définies dans la communauté scientifique et, plus largement, de décrire finement l’information spatiale véhiculée dans les données textuelles non standards issues d’une communication médiée aujourd’hui foisonnante
The extraction of spatial information from textual data has become an important research topic in the field of Natural Language Processing (NLP). It meets a crucial need in the information society, in particular, to improve the efficiency of Information Retrieval (IR) systems for different applications (tourism, spatial planning, opinion analysis, etc.). Such systems require a detailed analysis of the spatial information contained in the available textual data (web pages, e-mails, tweets, SMS, etc.). However, the multitude and the variety of these data, as well as the regular emergence of new forms of writing, make difficult the automatic extraction of information from such corpora.To meet these challenges, we propose, in this thesis, new text mining approaches allowing the automatic identification of variants of spatial entities and relations from textual data of the mediated communication. These approaches are based on three main contributions that provide intelligent navigation methods. Our first contribution focuses on the problem of recognition and identification of spatial entities from short messages corpora (SMS, tweets) characterized by weakly standardized modes of writing. The second contribution is dedicated to the identification of new forms/variants of spatial relations from these specific corpora. Finally, the third contribution concerns the identification of the semantic relations associated withthe textual spatial information

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Torres, Padrosa Víctor. "Contribution to an Architecture for Multimedia Information Management and Protection Based on Open Standards." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/7547.

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El principal objetivo de éste proyecto de investigación es la definición de una arquitectura que permita la protección y gestión de los derechos digitales en un entorno de gestión de contenido multimedia, siguiendo estándares abiertos siempre que sea posible. A fin de conseguir dicho objetivo, se analizarán y considerarán múltiples estándares e iniciativas relacionados.
En primer lugar se aborda la definición de una arquitectura preliminar basada en MPEG-21 que permite la protección y gestión de los derechos digitales (DRM) aplicables a contenido multimedia. Más adelante, se presenta una arquitectura genérica y se describen diferentes implementaciones desarrolladas en proyectos nacionales y europeos, como AXMEDIS, VISNET II, Linked-Work y GILDDA. El análisis incluye casos de uso, aspectos de seguridad y la propuesta de una metodología de prueba o test. En el caso de Linked-Work, se detalla una implementación específica, resaltando los conceptos clave que la hacen diferente de otros sistemas de DRM.
The main goal of this research project is to define a generic architecture for the protection and management of digital rights in a multimedia content management scenario following open standards as much as possible. In order to achieve this goal, several standards and initiatives will be analysed and taken into account.
First, a MPEG-21-based preliminary architecture for the protection and management of digital rights for multimedia content is tackled. Later on, a more general architecture is defined. Several implementations are described such as those in several Spanish and European projects such as AXMEDIS, VISNET II, Linked-Work and GILDDA. The focus in made on use cases, security features and a testing methodology. Linked-Work details a specific implementation, emphasising on the key concepts that make it different from other kind of DRM systems.

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Reinke, Guido. "The European information society : governance and decision-making process for ICT policy and standards." Thesis, Royal Holloway, University of London, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.676905.

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Ladendorff, Marlene Z. "The effect of North American Electric Reliability Corporation critical infrastructure protection standards on bulk electric system reliability." Thesis, Capella University, 2014. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3640275.

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Compliance with regulations may not automatically produce a secure infrastructure. In the United States energy critical infrastructure sector, compliance with regulatory cyber security standards may not necessarily mean that an entity would be able to withstand a cyber attack on critical assets potentially supporting the reliability of the Bulk Electric System (BES). This qualitative exploratory inquiry study researched technical opinions of cyber security professionals in the energy critical infrastructure industry regarding the effect of the North American Electric Reliability Corporation (NERC) Critical Infrastructure Protection (CIP) standards on the reliability of the BES. NERC entities had been required to be compliant with the standards for several years at the time this study was undertaken. There has been speculation regarding the efficacy of the standards to impact the reliability of the BES. However, there was a lack of scholarly or professional literature confirming assumptions concerning BES reliability. In this study, data was gathered through interviews with individuals who were CIP implementation experts. The purpose of this study was to identify a theme or themes regarding changes in the reliability of the BES as a result of the NERC CIP standards implementation. Interview data from the study generated 9 themes including a theme for the research question indicating that reliability of the BES had improved as a result of the implementation and enforcement of the CIP standards. Some of the more prominent themes included NERC fines having influenced entities in the implementation of the standards; entities have been more concerned about CIP compliance than securing their equipment; and entities have removed equipment from their facilities in order to avoid the requirements, and the associated expense, the standards would demand.

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Moore, Matthew L. "An Exploration of the Use of Global Healthcare Supply Data Standards in a Materials Management Information System." The Ohio State University, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1337367509.

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Sandberg, Johan. "ERP Systems - Fully Integrated Solution or a Transactional Platform?" Thesis, Umeå University, Department of Informatics, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-1786.

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This paper addresses the question of how to make use of Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) systems in companies in the process industry were there is a pervasive need of process standardization. ERP systems have the potential to contribute with standardization and integration of organizational data through an of-the-shelf solution. In practice results of ERP systems implementation has varied greatly. Considering their implications on business processes and the complexity of the systems this should not come as a surprise. ERP systems do not only imply standardization of data but also standardization of key processes in the company. The consequences on the individual organization are therefore hard to predict. Making strategic choices between different degrees of in-house developed systems, integration of solutions from many different suppliers or to only rely on the ERP systems consultants and their proposed implementation of solutions, can be a troublesome balance act. This paper describes a case study of the Swedish diary company Norrmejerier and the implementation of the ERP system IFS analyzed from a perspective of complex system and standardization. The use of IFS at Norrmejerier can be characterized as a loosely coupled integration with the ERP system as a central integration facilitator. This solution allowed the company to make use of standardization benefits, filling the need of special functionality and at the same time limiting the negative unexpected consequences such as decreased activity support and increased complexity. The key contributions of this paper are that it shows how ERP´s can contribute to standardization and integration efforts in IT environments with peculiar demands on functionality. Secondly it demonstrates how negative side effects related to implementation of ERP systems can be managed and limited.

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Pettersson, Anette. "Användning av standards inom elektronisk handel i B2B-företag." Thesis, University of Skövde, Department of Computer Science, 2002. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:his:diva-683.

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Detta examensarbete behandlar ämnet standardisering av affärsprocesser för elektronisk handel mellan företag (B2B). I ett par decennier har EDI varit den enda standarden för att elektroniskt överföra standardiserade dokument. EDI är en dyr och komplex teknologi, vilket har lett till att den används av främst större företag i samarbete med deras största leverantörer/kunder. Standarden XML kom år 1998, den lämpar sig även för mindre företag och är anpassad för Internet.

Arbetets syfte har varit att studera vilka standards som används och varför, i vilka affärsprocesser de används, påverkan på affärsprocesserna, samt hur företagen ser på framtiden inom området. Undersökningen baseras på en enkätundersökning med åtta större företag i olika branscher.

Resultatet visar att valet av standards oftast inte styrs av vilken teknologi företaget behöver utan de flesta företag ingår i ett nätverk av samarbetspartners som påverkar varandra. För att alla företag ska kunna ta del av de effektiviseringsvinster som en standardisering innebär krävs enklare och webb-baserade lösningar.

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ALEXANDRIA, JOAO C. S. de. "Gestao da seguranca da informacao - uma proposta para potencializar a efetividade da seguranca da informacao em ambiente de pesquisa cientifica." reponame:Repositório Institucional do IPEN, 2009. http://repositorio.ipen.br:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/9474.

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Made available in DSpace on 2014-10-09T12:27:08Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0
Made available in DSpace on 2014-10-09T13:56:07Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0
Tese (Doutoramento)
IPEN/T
Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares - IPEN-CNEN/SP

39

Li, Yunzeng. "The standards of bibliographic description for the materials in libraries in an information technology age." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.317556.

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40

Li, Yangsong. "The design of an information system for technology companies' compliance with ISO 9000 quality standards." Online version, 2001. http://www.uwstout.edu/lib/thesis/2001/2001liy.pdf.

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41

Neshati, Ramin. "Participation in Technology Standards Development: A Decision Model for the Information and Communications Technology Industry." PDXScholar, 2014. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/1850.

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Анотація:

There is a dearth of decision-support models or frameworks to aid managers in the Information and Communications Technology (ICT) industry in uniformly assessing the key factors in the decision to standardize innovative technologies. Making the proper decision is consequential and potentially fraught with risks for the firm such as competitive exposure, high expenditures with inadequate returns, restrictive inbound or outbound patent licensing obligations, and related complications. This study presents a framework to guide managers in the ICT industry in assessing the factors that inform the decision to participate in the development of technology standards. Using multi-criteria decision analysis and judgment data from panels of experts, a robust model is developed that comprehends the essential criteria and outcomes within the context of computer interconnect technologies. The resultant, generalizable model is validated against the case of the extant Universal Serial Bus (USB) interconnect standard and found to be congruent with the assessment of the experts. Scholarship on technology standards development is rich and multifaceted--spanning numerous streams of inquiry. This research contextualizes technology standardization within the economic, strategic, organizational, and legal perspectives. The resultant model demonstrates that strategic planning is regarded by the experts as the principal driver in the decision to participate in a technology standardization effort. Furthermore, the primacy of commitment and leadership within the standards-setting organization is unambiguously established through rigorous quantitative analysis. The proposed model verifies that the firm's desire to align its product roadmap to the emerging standard is the chief criterion in the decision to contribute to the standards development effort. Other criteria of high interest include the leveraging of network externalities to glean disruptive trends within the ecosystem, the exploration of opportunities to expand the total available market for the firm, and the availability and terms of IP licenses. Sensitivity analysis affirms the overall predictive strength and robustness of the model and its widespread applicability. Future research on model expansion and application to other technologies, as well as the development of uniform patent valuation methods will further enrich the knowledge base.

42

Kapp, James A. "Implementation of operational framework in the NLP based on MOF and ITIL standards." [Denver, Colo.] : Regis University, 2006. http://165.236.235.140/lib/JKappPartI2006.pdf.

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43

O'Malley, John Richard Jr. "Electronic Data Interchange: An Inventory Perspective of Its Economic Viability and Recommendations for Information Technology Driven Implementation." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/37365.

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Electronic commerce (EC) in its various forms is perceived by many organizations as the way that business will be conducted in the future. Much of the current wave of interest in EC is driven by new, readily available technologies like the Internet and the World Wide Web. The excitement regarding Web Commerce has lead many to believe that EC is relatively new. In reality, EC in the form of Electronic Data Interchange (EDI) has existed for 30 years and accounts for far more business than WC. It is the preferred, and often required, way of doing business with many large organizations such as the U.S. Federal Government, Ford, General Motors, and Wal-Mart. While EDI has existed for 30 years, it has not experienced the rapid adoption rate that Web Commerce has in the last few years. Currently, less than 10 percent of U.S. businesses and less than 5 percent of world businesses utilize EDI. The adoption rates for other recent information technologies, such as the World Wide Web and e-mail, have been much higher in a much smaller time frame which leads to the question of why has diffusion of EDI occurred so slowly compared to other recent information technologies. According to Kalakota and Whinston (1996), it is not due to technology problems with EDI but instead with its benefits. This is in conflict with Emmelhainz (1990) and Sokol (1995) who point out the tremendous benefits to firms that adopt EDI. This dissertation researches the reasons for the low EDI adoption rate based on financial benefits. It then develops an economic model that computes the cost savings which result when an EDI system is implemented. Sensitivity analysis is performed to understand the economic mechanisms of EDI. Based on the model developed here, recommendations are made for changing EDI to increase its market penetration. Finally, based on the recommendations an alternative EDI system, JEEDI, is developed. The financial effectiveness of the JEEDI system over existing EDI systems is then demonstrated using the economic model developed here.
Ph. D.

44

Mikkelinen, Nicklas. "Analysis of information classification best practices." Thesis, Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för informationsteknologi, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:his:diva-11551.

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Information security, information management systems and more specifically information classification are important parts of an organisations information security. More and more information is being processed each day, and needs to be secured. Without proper information classification guidelines in place and lacking research within the subject, organisations could be vulnerable to attacks from third parties. This project displays a list of best practices found within information classification guidelines published online by different organisations. Out of 100 reviewed documents, 30 included information classification guidelines, and when analysed with a thematic analysis provides best practices within information classification.

45

Hedian, Daniel, and Neto Gil Silva. "The Risk Assessment based on international standards, a credibility evaluation: A case study on international standards of Risk Assessment and Management in the Information Security context." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Företagsekonomi, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-99982.

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Summary Organizations face risks regardless of the type of industry or government. Historically risks have been undertaken in various processes and coped with differently by society. An appropriate application of risk management is widely acknowledged as one of the most critical aspects of undertaking business activities across all sectors in society, public and private. In order to carry out this activity as part of the crucial actions the organizations implement as part of their culture, many standards have been developed at the international level. These standards provide the groundwork for entities to start implementing these processes and reduce the risk they face with a standardized set of procedures across sectors. Risk assessment faces abundant arguments that lead to doubt the credibility of the standards implemented by different organizations, as not a single method or definition is agreed upon across cultural and sectorial barriers. Therefore, the credibility of the standardized assessment is doubted. This study aims to evaluate the credibility of standardized risk assessments with a focus on the Information Security Risk Assessment Standards, in particular ISO 27005 and NIST 800-30 in collaboration with the Swedish Armed Forces. The research adapts the frameworks available in literature to evaluate credibility of risk assessments to the international standardized assessment procedure. The standards credibility will be evaluated with different criteria divided in five categories considered applicable to the standardised risk assessment procedure. Also, input from experts in organizations currently employing the standards and academic experts in the field will also be utilized. This study utilizes a qualitative case study approach. The credibility evaluation performance of each international standard is similar; the only category that NIST 800-30 has a significant better performance is the category related to the final Risk Assessment Results (Report). The NIST provides a further step in the process as well as the guidelines and templates in order to develop different parts of the assessment process including the report, which is considered a best practice of a standardised risk assessment. The findings of the research contradict four criteria of the framework found in the literature, related to with what can be learned from past risk assessments, to the wide ranging of the required scope of a risk assessment, the relevance of the disclosure of information on the final risk assessment report related to the composition of the assessment group and finally the procedure for finding consensus among stakeholders. The research question “How credible are standardized risk assessments?” provide a holistic understanding of the credibility of the standards previously mentioned, determining that these provide a solid framework for companies to start assessing the risks in a regulated and standardized procedure. These oversee the problems embedded in the subjectivity of a risk assessment and the ever-changing (intrinsic and extrinsic) aspects of stakeholder behaviour with a lack of a systemic approach to solve these issues, which also include the lack of proper handling of risk uncertainty and the lack of transparency on the final risk assessment report. The study provides a groundwork which can be used in order to develop future research. This study also provides a grounded framework which can be used by entities utilizing the standards in order to reflect their procedures of their risk assessment activities. Keywords: Credibility, risk assessment, risk management, international standards, risk, information security, ISO 27005, NIST 800-30.

46

Maritz, Martinus Johannes. "Towards establishing national standards for the classification of construction information in the Republic of South Africa." Pretoria : [s.n.], 2005. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-07212005-135255.

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47

Long, Margaret J. "E-Business Reporting: Towards a Global Standard for Financial Reporting Systems Using XBRL." NSUWorks, 2013. http://nsuworks.nova.edu/gscis_etd/221.

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Reporting systems can provide transparency into financial markets necessary for a sustainable, prosperous global economy. The most widely used global platform for exchanging electronic information about companies to regulatory bodies is XBRL. Standards for this platform are in the process of becoming legally harmonized, but not all countries are mandating e-business reporting. A harmonized global standard for business reporting aligns practices between countries, while recognizing the need for flexibility within each social system and government, whereas international law would establish one standard for all. The research shows that goal of creating transparent global financial information in aggregate searchable form for the public remains elusive under the harmonized approach. The research explores the standardization process at the country level using a grounded theory approach in the G20 countries. The problem of a not having a global standard is framed in the financial reporting dimensions of Law, Accounting Standards, Information Standards, and Assurance Standards, which are existing standards integral to creating high quality transparent financial information. The dimensions exist to some extent in each country, and are in process of being harmonized. The research shows that current legal mandates for the XBRL standard impact the number of firms filing in XBRL to regulators. However, problems with data quality and data assurance have not been addressed with the current legislative initiatives. There is supply of data, but no public demand due to quality issues. There are three levels in the process where data alignment is needed for interoperability: taxonomy use must be consistent, taxonomy structure must be the same, and agreed upon minimum content must be useful for analysis. Currently, data sets between countries are not interoperable or comparable for aggregation due to local adoptions of XBRL taxonomies. Legal mandates alone have not produced quality electronic financial information. Additionally, accounting and assurance standards are not completely aligned. The contributions of this paper provide an understanding of how global standards are being harmonized in the G20 countries based on the common value of financial information transparency in e-business reporting.

48

Don, Wickramage Chathurika Pavithrani Kumari. "Information accountability in health information systems using process analytics." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2020. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/205044/1/Chathurika_Don%20Wickramage_Thesis.pdf.

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The thesis presents ways of automatically detecting healthcare policy violations in Health Information Systems (HISs), as one part of an overall Information Accountability Framework, intended to hold system users answerable for their information use. The significance of this research is the demonstration of an auditing approach that includes healthcare log enrichment and methods of modelling healthcare policies and standards that can be used for checking policy compliance in the healthcare industry. It also paves the way for how process analytics can be used to hold people accountable for their information use in HISs.

49

Smith, Sherwin Anthony. "Standardization in the development and delivery methods of technology workshops." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2007. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/3225.

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Trainers have long relied on visual content to make their training more effective. As the use of computer-based delivery has become an accepted method of distributing training and instructional materials, a system of standardizing the development and delivery of training workshops was worthy of considerable attention. The study concludes that while many of the older studies do not directly address the use of computer-based presentation applications, a development process can be achieved to streamline the creation of instructional content while maintaining consistency and quality in the content created.

50

Kusekwa, Lovemore. "Guidelines for using digitisation as a sustainable method of preservation at the University of Zimbabwe library." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/41021.

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This mini-dissertation reports on the guidelines for digitisation that were developed for the University of Zimbabwe Library. A literature study and an empirical investigation were done in order to come up with the guidelines. The literature study was primarily used to inform the researcher on those aspects of digitisation for which guidelines could be developed. A qualitative research design was adopted in this study. Semi-structured interviews were used to collect data from five South African institutions that are involved in digitisation. Digitisation managers from the five institutions were interviewed in this study. The data from the interviews and the literature study were used to come up with the proposed guidelines for digitisation at the University of Zimbabwe Library. The guidelines that were developed as a result of this study specifically address digitisation standards and best practices, technologies for digitisation, costs and sustainability of digitisation, intellectual property issues, steps in digitisation, challenges in digitisation and the selection of materials for digitisation. Although some of the respondents expressed that digitisation can be used as a sustainable method of preservation, this research could not demonstrate that current practices would be reliable in the long term.
Mini Dissertation (MIT)--University of Pretoria, 2014.
Information Science
MIT

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