Дисертації: "Influence functions"

1

Calder, P. "Influence functions in multivariate analysis." Thesis, University of Kent, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.375052.

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2

MULLOTH, SUDHAKARAN SUDHILAL, and VIBI JOHN. "Simulation of Removal Functions for Abrasive Grinding Tool : Numerical Simulation Of Tool Influence Function." Thesis, Högskolan i Halmstad, Maskinteknisk produktframtagning (MTEK), 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-30760.

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A relatively large set of complex data can be described using a simple mathematical Prestonequation. However the parameter choices are an essential facet that determines the efficiencyof grinding. The depth and volume of removal contributes to a significant part of the grindingoperation that accounts for the manufacturing time. These interacting factors in the equationare studied to create, infer and compare the performance of three sets of grinding tools: padtool, brush tool and radial tool. The tools are generated using MATLAB and is provided as aninput for tool path generation. The geometry profiled by the tool influence function is generatedusing Preston equation and the analysis from the simulation shows that the pad tool can bepreferred in instances where maximum removal is required. The comparison amongst the toolswas made keeping the parameters (pressure and relative velocity) constant in the equation forthe different tools.

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3

Howes, Peter John. "Analysis of neural network mapping functions : generating evidential support." Thesis, Oxford Brookes University, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.287718.

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4

McLaren, Jennie Renée. "The influence of plant functional groups on ecosystem functions in a grassland in northern Canada." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/22315.

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Human development, climate change, diseases and habitat degradation and loss are resulting in species extinction rates up to a thousand times faster than pre‐human levels. Biodiversity ecosystem functioning research examines how this loss of species and changes in the composition of plant communities are likely to influence numerous ecosystem functions. The effects of biodiversity loss on ecosystem properties may also be highly dependent on the identity of the organisms lost. I investigated the influence of plant functional group identity in determining ecosystem properties. I established a removal experiment in a grassland in northern Canada in 2003 with four treatments: a no‐removal control and independent removal of forbs, graminoids and legumes. As biodiversity loss is occurring in concert with environmental change, I crossed removals with a fertilizer and a mycorrhizal reduction (fungicide) treatment to determine the context dependency of effects. I showed that graminoids have the largest influence on ecosystem properties in this community, despite not being the most abundant group. Short‐term (4 years) biomass compensation for the removals showed no compensation for graminoid removal, but after 7 years there was full biomass compensation for this treatment. Light interception, soil moisture, and soil nutrients were all largely determined by the presence of graminoids in the plant community, and surprisingly legumes had very few effects on any ecosystem property. Graminoids also showed plant‐driven environmental effects on leaf decomposition, although no removal treatment resulted in changes in the decomposition of roots. Graminoids promoted decomposition of leaf litter through 2 mechanisms: influence on the decomposition microenvironment and changes in the litter composition. Finally, I have demonstrated that very few of the effects of functional group identity were context dependent on either fertilization or fungicide treatments. These results highlight the importance of considering plant functional group identity when predicting the effects of species loss, and indicate that plant identity, more so than dominance, determines effects on ecosystem properties.

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5

Kawa, Kevin Hideyuki, and Kevin Hideyuki Kawa. "Genetic and Neuroanatomic Factors that Influence Executive Functions in Aging." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/622974.

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In the present set of experiments, we investigated the effects of age and COMT genotypes on traditional measures of executive functions, e.g., Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST; Hart et al., 1988), a battery of executive functions based on the 3 factor model (shifting, updating, inhibition) described by Miyake et al. (2000) and developed at the University of Arizona (Alexander et al., 2012), and two fMRI tasks of executive functions (shifting, updating). The results of experiment 1 showed that COMT influenced performance on several traditional measures of executive functions, with Met homozygotes outperforming Val homozygotes. However, on the WCST we did not observe less perseverative errors in Met carriers as reported previously (Barnett, Jones, Robbins, & Muller, 2007; Bruder et al., 2005; Malhotra et al., 2002; Nagel et al., 2008). According to Miyake et al. (2000), however, such tasks as the WCST may actually involve multiple executive processes, making it difficult to tease apart the different types of executive functions being measured. Furthermore, COMT may be sensitive to some aspects of executive functions and not others. To this end, in experiment 2 we investigated associations between COMT and measures of executive functions from each of the 3 domains described in Miyake et al. (2000). According to the models proposed by Bilder et al. (2004) and Cools and D’Esposito (2011), the Val allele promotes cognitive flexibility, while the Met allele promotes cognitive stability. Contrary to what we expected, Met homozygotes actually performed better than Met/Val heterozygotes but no better than Val homozygotes on one measure of updating (flexibility). Upon closer examination of the processes involved in the updating task, however, the results may not necessarily be contradictory as the task may have required greater stability than previously thought. In the fMRI experiment, although behavioral performance was largely similar between age groups and COMT genotypes on the fMRI tasks, we observed differences in activation such that younger adults and Met homozygotes showed higher levels of activation relative to older adults and Val carriers, respectively. Our results suggest that these higher levels of activation may have been relied upon to maintain similar levels of performance. Additionally, across the 3 experiments the effects of COMT indicate that an overall Met advantage cannot be assumed. Rather, the benefits of one allele compared to the other should be investigated in terms of the specific cognitive processes involved in the task at hand. Thus, it is important for future studies to continue characterizing the unity and diversity of executive functions and investigate factors that may influence these patterns behaviorally and neurally, such as age and genetics.

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6

Thorpe, Kiaran Kay. "The influence of monitoring and executive functions on prospective memory /." Title page, table of contents and abstract only, 2003. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09HS/09hst518.pdf.

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7

Smith, Arthur L. "Influence of denominator functions on the solutions of finite-difference schemes." DigitalCommons@Robert W. Woodruff Library, Atlanta University Center, 1989. http://digitalcommons.auctr.edu/dissertations/2072.

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We investigate the influence on the solutions of finite-difference schemes of using unconventional denominator functions in the discrete modeling of the derivatives for ordinary differential equations. The derived results are a consequence of using a generalized definition of the first derivative of a function. Two explicit examples, the linear decay equation and the Logistic differential equation, are used to illustrate in detail the various solution possibilities that can occur.

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8

Cochrane, Mary. "The influence of personality, dopaminergic genetic polymorphisms and schizophrenia on executive functions." Thesis, Goldsmiths College (University of London), 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.421783.

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9

Collins, Jennifer Rebecca. "Essential Functions: American Delsartism and Its Influence on Women’s Roles in Society." The Ohio State University, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1492699298734188.

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10

Charest, Joseph Leo. "Topographic and chemical patterning of cell-surface interfaces to influence cellular functions." Diss., Atlanta, Ga. : Georgia Institute of Technology, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/24621.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2007.
Committee Chair: Dr. William P. King; Committee Member: Dr. Andres J. Garcia; Committee Member: Dr. F. Levent Degertekin; Committee Member: Dr. Hang Lu; Committee Member: Dr. Todd C. McDevitt.

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11

Wu, Celina. "Dual agonist-antagonist functions of FTY720 influence neuroinflammation-relevant responses in human astrocytes." Thesis, McGill University, 2012. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=110720.

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Astrocytes are the most abundant glia in the central nervous system (CNS), classically identified by their high expression of the intermediate filament, glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP). Astrocytes participate in a number of biochemical events important for CNS functions and play a dynamic role in regulating CNS injury/repair processes. In chronic inflammatory conditions such as multiple sclerosis (MS), astrocytes undergo pathophysiological changes that lead to a feature termed astrogliosis (Liberto, Albrecht et al. 2004; Sidoryk-Wegrzynowicz, Wegrzynowicz et al. 2011). Astrogliosis is common to MS lesions, and a novel therapeutic agent for MS, FTY720 (fingolimod, Gilenya™) demonstrates neuroprotective potential by inhibiting astrogliosis development (Choi, Gardell et al. 2011). FTY720 is an oral therapy recently approved for the treatment of MS, and is shown to readily access the CNS. There, it binds directly to sphingosine-1-phosphate receptors (S1PR) on astrocytes and the dynamics of S1PR signaling is shown to modulate astrocytic cellular responses that closely relate to MS pathology. This thesis examines the signaling and functional effects of FTY720 on primary human astrocytes. We used astrocytes derived from the human fetal CNS to explore neuroinflammation-relevant responses mediated by chronic (repeated daily) FTY720 administrations. FTY720 is known to initially acts as an agonist, activating S1PRs but also functions as an antagonist by promoting S1PR internalization and degradation; we examined whether these effects occurred in tandem. We report that receptors internalized by FTY720 can persist and continue to signal for an extended time period (hours). A single addition of FTY720 desensitizes the extracellular receptor-regulated phosphorylation (pERK) signaling response for >24 hours. Such refractory period for pERK signal transduction was maintained in astrocytes treated repeatedly (daily) with FTY720, otherwise the return of pERK activation was achieved by 72 hours following initial treatment. Moreover, receptor desensitization patterns correlated with the loss of proliferative responses induced by the natural ligand sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P). We show that even under the condition of receptor desensitization (repeated daily administrations) FTY720 attenuated the capacity of the pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-1β, to activate calcium sensitive pathways. Repeated FTY720 treatments did not inhibit serum-induced pERK responses or the secretions of IL-6 and IP-10 in response to IL-1β activation. Our results indicate that daily FTY720 exposures can be a relevant regulator of neuro-inflammation by acting as a functional antagonist for external stimuli (natural ligand S1P) while sustaining internalized receptor-dependent agonist functions (inhibit IL-1β induced calcium mobilization).
Les astrocytes sont les cellules gliales les plus abondantes du système nerveux central (SNC). Leur grande expression en filaments intermédiaires, la protéine acide fibrillaire gliale (GFAP), est une caractéristique permettant leur identification. Les astrocytes sont d'importants contributeurs aux événements biochimiques du SNC et jouent un rôle clé dans le processus de régulation des dommages et de la guérison du SNC. Sous des conditions d'inflammation chronique, tel la Sclérose en Plaques (SP), les astrocytes subissent des changements pathophysiologiques causant l'astrogliose (Liberto, Albrecht et al. 2004; Sidoryk-Wegrzynowicz, Wegrzynowicz et al. 2011). Ce mécanisme de cicatrisation est commun dans la SP et un nouvel agent thérapeutique, FTY720 (fingolimod, Gilenya™) démontre des effets protecteurs du SNC en prévenant l'évolution de l'astrogliose. (Choi, Gardell et al. 2011). FTY720 est un agent thérapeutique récemment approuvé pour traiter la SP. Il est administré oralement et a la capacité d'accéder au SNC. Une fois en place dans ce système, cet agent entre en contact direct avec le récepteur sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1PR) sur les astrocytes. Les réponses des astrocytes en réaction aux signaux générés par ce récepteur sont reliées à la pathologie de la SP. Cette thèse examine les signaux engendrés par FTY720 ainsi que ses fonctions sur les astrocytes humains primaires. Nous avons utilisé des astrocytes isolés à partir de SNC humains fœtaux pour examiner les réponses neuro-inflammatoires générées par l'administration quotidienne de FTY720. FTY720 agit initialement comme un agoniste en activant le récepteur S1P, mais il agit également comme un antagoniste en causant l'internalisation et la dégradation de ce récepteur. Nous avons examiné ces deux phénomènes de façon à savoir s'ils agissent en concert. Nous affirmons qu'un récepteur internalisé par FTY720 continue de générer des signaux pour une période de temps prolongée (heures). Une addition simple de FTY720 désensibilise l'astrocyte, pour une période de >24h, au signal de phosphorylation de ERK (pERK) qui est généré par le récepteur extracellulaire. Cette période réfractaire du signal de transduction de pERK fût maintenue dans les astrocytes traités quotidiennement avec FTY720, sinon le signal pERK reparaît 72 heures après le traitement initial. De plus, la désensibilisation du récepteur fût reliée à l'absence de réponse proliférative induite par le ligand naturel sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P). Nous avons aussi démontré que le traitement quotidien des astrocytes avec FTY720 atténue la capacité de IL-1β à activer les voies moléculaires sensibles au calcium. Le traitement quotidien avec FTY720 n'inhibe pas les signaux de pERK lorsque les astrocytes sont stimulés à l'aide de sérum, ni la sécrétion de IL-6 ou de IP-10 lorsqu'ils sont stimulés avec IL-1β. Nos résultats suggèrent que l'exposition quotidienne à FTY720 agit comme un antagoniste aux stimuli extérieur (tel le ligand naturel S1P) ainsi qu'un agoniste lorsque le récepteur est internalisé (inhibe la mobilisation du calcium lorsqu'exposé à IL-1β).

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12

Nenicu, Anca [Verfasser]. "Influence of peroxisomes on development, maturation and adult functions of the testis / Anca Nenicu." Giessen : VVB Laufersweiler, 2010. http://d-nb.info/1008505536/34.

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13

Kirui, Bernard K. Y. "Influence of species diversity on the return of ecosystem functions in replanted mangroves in Kenya." Thesis, Edinburgh Napier University, 2008. http://researchrepository.napier.ac.uk/Output/9236.

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Rates of loss of biodiversity caused by human action are on the increase worldwide. However implications of species loss on the natures' ability to provide ecosystem services and goods are still poorly understood. Despite providing an array of critical services and goods, mangrove ecosystems are under intense threat. In attempts to address the problem, several mangrove restoration initiatives have been formulated in many areas of the world with different objectives. Over the last two decades, experiments manipulating species diversity and measuring ecosystem functions have been conducted mainly using grassland ecosystems and have exhibited positive relationships. More recently, experiments investigating this relationship have emerged in longterm woody species i.e. trees; however these have concentrated on terrestrial forests. This study experimentally manipulated different mangrove species and measured a range of ecosystem functions including sapling survival, above and below ground biomass production and sediment C02 efflux. Enhanced sapling growth was positively correlated with plot height above datum, percentage silt and nitrates and negatively correlated with sediment salinity, ammonium and phosphates. Also high values of above and below ground biomass, root: shoot ratios, mean tree height, leaf area index as well as naturally recruited saplings were observed in mixed plots (particularly with Avicennia marina in the mixture) compared with monospecific plots. Species selection effect, particularly from the fast growing A. marina species was the mechanism behind a range of the observed ecosystem functions. However complementarily effects were observed particularly on above ground biomass. However sapling survival and sediment CO2 efflux was not influenced by species richness. We conclude that there is variation in the stages of plant development at which species richness effects manifest themselves, in addition the effects of environmental variables has a bearing on the nature and direction of the relationship between species richness and ecosystem function. We anticipate changes in the plots structure over time from A vicennia facilitative effects which are expected to lead to changes in sediment microclimate inducing changes in other species growth and promoting recruitment and development of wildlings.

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14

Lilliesköld, Sjöö Gustaf. "Macroalgae in tropical seascapes : regulating factors and functions in the coastal ecosystem." Doctoral thesis, Stockholms universitet, Systemekologiska institutionen, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-45951.

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Although macroalgae usually are inconspicuous on pristine coral reefs, they often thrive on reefs that are subjected to various types of anthropogenic disturbance. This thesis consists of five papers and investigates how biomass and composition of macroalgal communities on coral reefs are affected by regulating factors, such as nutrient availability, herbivory, substrate availability and hydrodynamic forces. In addition, ecological functions and potential impacts of both wild and farmed macroalgal communities are evaluated. Paper I describes a method for using macroalgal tissue nutrient concentrations as bioindicator for nutrient availability, with the possibility to map nutrient loading from larger coastal cities. Papers II and III are manipulative studies comparing top-down and bottom-up regulation of macroalgal communities, where herbivore consumption seems to be the main regulator of biomass whereas nutrient availability mainly influences community composition. Exclosure of large-bodied herbivores had a positive influence on algal biomass in both studies, and during different climatic periods. Paper III also includes the influence of hydrodynamic forces on algal community biomass and structure by comparing a reef crest and a back reef-habitat. Alterations of top-down and bottom-up regulation generally had a stronger effect within the protected back reef-habitat, suggesting that such environments may be more sensitive to anthropogenic influence. Paper IV confirms the general conclusions from papers II and III by studying macroalgal biomass and composition on reef sites with different environmental prerequisites. This study also supports the notion that herbivorous fish can suppress accumulation of macroalgal biomass if substrate availability is low, but not where coral cover is reduced and plenty of substrate is open to macroalgal colonization. The study also found a large temporal variation of macroalgal standing stock and associated nutrients at sites with low top-down regulation. Paper V evaluates potential impacts of seaweed farming on coral reefs and nutrients in the seascape by experimentally studying growth, survival and nutrient binding capacity of Eucheuma denticulatum. This study showed that seaweed farms counteract eutrophication through nutrient extraction and that the risk of farmed algae colonizing local reefs seems to be small as they were rapidly consumed. In conclusion, the studies in this thesis contribute to the understanding of macroalgal regulation and function in tropical seascapes, thereby adding to the knowledge base for coastal management.

At the time of the doctoral defense, the following papers were unpublished and had a status as follows: Paper 3: Manuscript. Paper 4: Manuscript. Paper 5: Manuscript.

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15

Webb, Shannon Lee. "Does mood matter? Investigation of its influence on Cognitive Training performance and engagement in older adults." Thesis, University of Sydney, 2020. https://hdl.handle.net/2123/23008.

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With the ageing population, increasing rates of disorders of aging such as dementia are of global concern due to the lack of efficacious preventative or curative interventions. This thesis addresses two key issues contributing to the lack of consensus for the efficacy of Cognitive Training (CT) in the treatment of cognitive decline. First, it highlights the issue of methodological heterogeneity between studies and reviews in outcome task classification. The meta-analysis addressed this through the development and evaluation of a theoretically driven taxonomy—the CHC-M—for cognitive outcome classification. Application of the CHC-M to the Lampit et al. (2014) meta-analysis data uncovered a significant benefit of CT on EF outcomes that had previously been obscured. Second, it addressed the lack of consideration of clinical individual differences factors such as mood and motivation in CT research; a critical oversight due to major depressive disorder being a significant risk factor for dementia. The systematic review highlighted that direct causal evidence regarding the influence of depression on CT outcomes is scarce. Three experimental studies are thus presented to bridge this gap, investigating the influence of mood in a CT context through utilisation of a standardised Mood Induction Procedure (MIP). The three studies investigated the influence of the MIP on performance on EF tasks within online CT-type sessions (Study 1 and Study 2), and participant ratings of their level of expended effort, motivation, and engagement within these sessions (Study 3). Results were complex but trended towards support for a facilitative effect of negative mood on performance on the EF tasks; while positive mood was associated with higher ratings of expended effort, motivation, and engagement. Thus, while the relationship between mood and cognition is complex, better understanding is crucial to the development of tailored interventions for the populations most at risk of dementia.

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16

Riley, Tennisha N. "The Influence of Executive Functions and Emotion Regulation on Teacher-Rated Social Behaviors in Middle Childhood." VCU Scholars Compass, 2015. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/4035.

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Early social interactions are important to developing and maintaining positive social relationships in childhood. It is well understood that the social development is dependent on a number of developmental changes in both cognition and emotion. While most research has focused on cognitive and emotional models of social behaviors separately, a consideration for research investigating social behaviors is to examine cognitive processing and emotional processing concurrently. The current work focuses on the relationship between the executive processes involved in cognition and emotion regulation, and the influence on adaptive (social skills) and maladaptive (aggressive behavior) social behaviors. Specifically, the reformulated social behavioral model developed by Lemerise & Arsenio (2000) , as well as integrative model of social-cognitive-affective behavior (Beauchamp & Anderson, 2010) will guide this work and help specify the relationship between specific executive functions (working memory, inhibition, and cognitive flexibility), emotion regulation, and children’s social behaviors in middle childhood.

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17

Holmlund, Ulrika. "Influence of maternal allergy on the intra uterine environment and on immune functions of the neonate /." Stockholm, 2005. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2005/91-7140-276-4/.

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18

Ahl, Daniel. "Analysis of how different mesh functions influence the result in CFD-simulation of a marine propeller :." Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Avdelningen för energi-, miljö- och byggteknik, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-28644.

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19

Korytowski, Agatha Anna [Verfasser], and Motomu [Akademischer Betreuer] Tanaka. "Influence of Lipid Oxidization on Structures and Functions of Biological Membranes / Agatha Anna Korytowski ; Betreuer: Motomu Tanaka." Heidelberg : Universitätsbibliothek Heidelberg, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1180610547/34.

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20

Sen, Asok Kumar. "Part I, traveling cluster approximation for uncorrelated amorphous systems ; Part II, influence of long-range forces on the wetting transition /." The Ohio State University, 1985. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487260859496667.

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21

Vasiliauskaite, Lina [Verfasser], and Ramesh [Akademischer Betreuer] Pillai. "EMBRYONIC FUNCTIONS OF REPROGRAMMING MUTANTS MIWI2, MILI AND DNMT3L INFLUENCE ADULT MALE GERMLINE MAINTENANCE / Lina Vasiliauskaite ; Betreuer: Ramesh Pillai." Heidelberg : Universitätsbibliothek Heidelberg, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1180985400/34.

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22

Kuo, Peiwen. "XGef functions independently of exchange factor activity to influence RINGO/CDK1 signaling and CPEB activation during Xenopus oocyte maturation." Thesis, Boston College, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2345/1164.

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Thesis advisor: Laura E. Hake
Metazoan development depends on cytoplasmic polyadenylation, a key mechanism that controls the translation of maternally deposited mRNAs. In Xenopus laevis oocytes, CPEB regulates the translation of several developmentally important mRNAs, which drive meiotic progression and the production of fertilizable eggs. Most of our current knowledge of this process, also referred to as oocyte maturation, has been acquired from experiments conducted in Xenopus laevis oocytes. Despite over 30 years of research devoted to the exploration of progesterone signaling during maturation, the very early events that occur from progesterone receptor engagement to CPEB activation are not well understood. XGef, a putative Rho family guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF), interacts with CPEB and facilitates CPEB activation and timely meiotic progression. To further our understanding of XGef function during meiotic progression, the requirement for exchange factor activity and the activities of several Rho GTPases during maturation were examined. Despite previous reports of XGef activation of Cdc42 in mammalian cell culture, XGef does not stimulate the activation of Cdc42 in maturing Xenopus oocytes. Further, Cdc42 activity does not affect CPEB phosphorylation and overexpression of a dominant negative Cdc42 mutant does not affect maturation. Inhibition of Toxin B sensitive Rho GTPases, including Cdc42, Rac1 and Rho A-C, also fails to affect CPEB activation or meiotic progression. Lastly, the overexpression of XGef exchange deficient point mutants did not affect maturation compared to oocytes overexpressing wildtype XGef. Together, these results suggest that as a facilitator of CPEB activation and meiotic progression, XGef functions independently of exchange factor activity and Rho GTPase activation. Additionally, we found that XGef activity influences the function of RINGO/CDK1, a novel component of the progesterone signaling pathway. XGef inhibition depresses RINGO-induced GVBD, whereas XGef overexpression enhances this process. XGef interacts with RINGO in oocyte extracts and the interaction is direct in vitro. Our protein interaction data, in total, suggest that a XGef/RINGO/MAPK/CPEB complex forms in ovo to facilitate CPEB activation. Lastly, inhibition of RINGO activity directly compromises CPEB phosphorylation during early maturation, which suggests that RINGO/CDK1 directly mediates CPEB-activation
Thesis (PhD) — Boston College, 2009
Submitted to: Boston College. Graduate School of Arts and Sciences
Discipline: Biology

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23

Hendrikse, Egbert Johannes. "Influence of blue/green versus red and white light sources on human dark adaptation and other selected visual functions." Thesis, Rhodes University, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1009497.

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Red interior lighting used to preserve dark-adaptation needs to be replaced in military applications by blue/green lighting which is not detectable by 3rd-generation image intensifiers. This study investigated the influence of blue/green as compared to red and white light of equal photopic intensity on subsequent visual acuity , contrast sensitivity and dark-adaptation. Male subjects (n = 90) were assigned to one of 15 treatment conditions (n = 6) as determined by the colour (blue/green, red or white) and intensity (0.1; 0.4; 1.6; 6.4 and 25.6 cd/m²) of the pre-adaptation stimuli. A modified Goldmann/Weekers adaptometer was used to present the preadaptation stimuli, test stimuli and record visual (luminance) thresholds of each subject. Blue/green lighting had the same affect on visual (photopic) acuity and contrast sensitivity as white and red lighting. Blue/green affected visual (absolute) threshold at the start and during the process of dark-adaptation in the same manner as white but not the same as red lighting. White and red lighting did not differ significantly (p < 0.01) at low intensities (mesopic range) but did at the higher intensities (photopic range). After exposure to blue/green and white light, it will take longer to reach the same level of dark-adaptation than after exposure to red. These time differences increase with" increased intensities. The brightness ratio between red and white lights to produce the same dark-adaptation increases with an increase in intensity. At the upper mesopic region the differences between the effects of white and red lighting on subsequent dark-adaptation become irregular due to the inability to accurately equate non-monochromatic lights in the mesopic range.

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24

Trinh, Thi Bich Tram. "The influence of host genetics and different >Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains on macrophage functions and clinical outcome of tuberculosis disease." Thesis, Open University, 2017. http://oro.open.ac.uk/52804/.

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Only 5-10 % of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) infected individuals develop active pulmonary TB (PTB), and around < 1 % develop disseminated TB meningitis (TBM). Macrophages are one of the first defense barriers, but it is unclear how their antimicrobial activities influence TB presentations and clinical outcomes. Many studies have shown host and bacterial genetics are important factors in TB susceptibility and progression. I hypothesized that an impairment of macrophage phagocytic function, under the influence of genetic factors, may help explain the pathogenesis of the transition from latent to active or disseminated TB, and that the virulence of clinical Mtb isolates are associated with Mtb lineages and distinct host immune responses. I developed assays using ligand coated beads and Mtb reporter strain to measure the macrophage antimicrobial activities. Our assays were able to detect the variation in macrophage activities among different individuals. I investigated the macrophage antimicrobial functions and its association with different TB phenotypes. I measured the macrophage activities in 43 latent TB (LTB) and active TB (ATB) cases combining 54 PTB and 60 TBM patients. Our results showed that macrophages treated with ligands displayed higher antimicrobial activities in LTB than ATB, but no difference between PTB and TBM. Whereas, in Mtb-infected macrophages from both LTB and ATB, proteolysis was reduced due to the modulation of Mtb and there was no difference in their ability to control Mtb. Our data also indicated that the antimicrobial activities of macrophages were ligand-specific or pathway-dependent. The influence of host genetics on TB susceptibility was examined by the association of variants on phagocytic genes using a case-control study with 450 TBM, 450 PTB and 450 controls. Heterozygotes of Macrophage receptor with collagenous structure (MARCO) single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were associated with increased TB susceptibility, abnormal chest X-ray, infection by Beijing strains and also with impaired macrophage phagocytosis of ligand coated beads. The virulence of Mtb strains was examined by observing cell lysis of macrophages infected with 159 Mtb strains. Virulence phenotype was grouped as low, moderate and high. High virulence was associated with Beijing lineage, reduced TNF-α and IL-6 and increased IL-1β concentration. Overall, this thesis provides new insights into the influence of host and bacterial factors on TB susceptibility. It also provides a foundation for further studies on factors influencing TB susceptibility.

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Ткаченко, Олена Григорівна, Елена Григорьевна Ткаченко, Olena Hryhorivna Tkachenko та Б. Шевченко. "Специфіка кольорового оформлення газети "День"". Thesis, Сумський державний університет, 2017. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/64876.

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Masebe, Tshidiso Phanuel. "The influence of an inductive teaching approach on the learning of the concept functions in grade 11 / by Tshidiso Phanuel Masebe." Thesis, North-West University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/5086.

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The study presents a pragmatic evaluation of the influence of inductive teaching on grade 11 learners in two high schools in Tshwane West District in the Gauteng province in a form of pseudo experiment complemented with a qualitative investigation. The study focussed on the influence of inductive teaching on the nature of conceptualisation of and the learning achievement with regard to functions in Grade 11. A model adopted by O'Callaghan that identifies and applies the four competencies of modelling a function, interpreting a function, translating and reifying a function proved to be relevant for the investigation and hence was adapted for the study. The methodology used included data collection through pretest-posttest control group experimental design complemented with unstructured interviews. The verification of the reliability of research instruments and data analysis was done with the assistance of the Northwest University (Potchefstroom Campus) Statistical Consultation Services and through identification of common perceptions and experiences of participants. The results of the study did indicate positive influence of inductive teaching on the nature and quality of conceptual learning of the function concept.
Thesis (M.Ed.)--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2009.

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Yar, Esteban Abraham. "Decentralised government : the impact and influence of the #region' on the role and functions of local authorities in Sudan, 1972-1990." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.282057.

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Huang, Lei, Chenlu Zhou, Mali Gong, Xingkun Ma, and Qi Bian. "Development of a novel three-dimensional deformable mirror with removable influence functions for high precision wavefront correction in adaptive optics system." SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/622017.

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Deformable mirror is a widely used wavefront corrector in adaptive optics system, especially in astronomical, image and laser optics. A new structure of DM-3D DM is proposed, which has removable actuators and can correct different aberrations with different actuator arrangements. A 3D DM consists of several reflection mirrors. Every mirror has a single actuator and is independent of each other. Two kinds of actuator arrangement algorithm are compared: random disturbance algorithm (RDA) and global arrangement algorithm (GAA). Correction effects of these two algorithms and comparison are analyzed through numerical simulation. The simulation results show that 3D DM with removable actuators can obviously improve the correction effects.

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Vestberg, Martin. "Organizational dynamics : An investigation into a company's work culture and internal structures, to understand how it functions." Thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för ekonomi, teknik och samhälle, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-69566.

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Background: Freno AB in Piteå has expanded rapidly in recent years and wishes to continue the expansion at aneven faster pace. At the same time, the company has noted that there are challenges to maintain high quality, goodeconomy and good marketability. The expansion sets demand on the finances for new premises and equipment aswell as for the development of new product models. The company shall also be able to provide aftermarket servicesand sell to new customers and market segments. In addition, there is requirements to develop skills in the newemployee’s and continuing to develop the existing employees. Furthermore, there are needs to invest in digitalsupport systems for design, production planning, logistics and financial functions as well as customer support andaftermarket.Freno´s goal is to ensure that the conditions for an expansion in each individual part is set before the expansion isstarted. The reason for the positioning is based on the fact, that there have been shortcomings in their businessactivities in most of the areas mentioned above and that many of the challenges lie in unclear communicationstructures. Task: In the thesis have I investigated how the company’s current knowledge and competence is transferred betweendifferent unites. The starting point has been stated in the fact that the employees are the ones who possessesinsight, knowledge and experience about the company's business and the opportunities and challenges that arecurrently in place. The study is based on the current state of Freno with a question about how streamlining communicationsbetween employees and departments can support a continued expansion. Method: The thesis is based on the methodology of Social Network Analysis, where the data regarding network,logic views and culture has been collected from the 12 employees. The interviewed answered via forms and hadthe opportunity to give open answers to some questions and give complementary information where deemed necessary.The required data was transferred to Excel and transformed into diagrams or further exported into Gephito create and understand the network configurations. The results were analyzed and interpreted via the theoreticalframework and cross referenced with other results to validate the conclusions. Results: The evaluation showed that competence and collaboration was not used in an optimal manner for maximizingproductivity. If the presented result is taken into consideration, will the company likely be able to predicthow strategic decisions can affect both existing and lacking communicational structures. A more transparent communicationbetween departments and with functioning support structure (i.e. production planning, updated schematics,goods, order stock with more) will probably affect the efficiency positively. Findings: The analysis showed that a combination between the bow-tie configuration, the imploded group structuresand a missing culture of the socio-technical multifunctional principle, inhibited the transfer and generationof new knowledge within the company. Causing a drift between the company’s knowledge and information needsand their combability view. The irregular network structures in combination with structural holes has made a heavyworkload on the centerpiece in the company. With that discovery was seven holes noted in the company network,which is assumed to have been handled by the centerpiece.Moreover, was a logical clash identified between the current and the previous CEO, changing the base for validatingactions and causing unclarity. Which in combination a chattered humane orientation culture and unclarity abouthow actions were validated via individual or groups acceptance. It was furthermore discovered that the workinstructions for the employed did define the employees influence via tools and technical support that enhanced thenetworks interaction patterns. Recommendations: The presented solutions includes team-building exercises, establishing a formal learningspace. Furthermore, is it recommended to establish up to seven formal meetings places and that knowledge typerequirements shall be identified and defined to secure what validates work related actions. It is also suggested toestablish mentorship protocols, in order to increase the knowledge transfer within the company and reduce therisks of bottleneck and locking effects. Keywords: Small to medium enterprises, iterative processes, Culture, resistance, influence, groupconfigurations, knowledge transfer, process perspective, social network analysis.

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Stander, McLachlan Du Toit. "An investigation into the influence of soil pattern on preferential flow and groundwater recharge in fractured bedrock and cover sand aquifers." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/18089.

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Thesis (MScAgric)--Stellenbosch University, 2011.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Increased pressure on groundwater sources due to increased population size and threats of climate change is driving research to better understand the process of aquifer recharge. Soil pattern is of interest as it serves to partition rainwater into different flowpaths destined for surface runoff, evapotranspiration and deep percolation. The challenges inherent to studying these flowpaths are almost universal as uncertainties concerning spatial and temporal heterogeneity in catchments make the upscaling of models complex. This research addresses these challenges as it aims to improve the catchment scale hydrological models of two aquifer systems: One a fractured bedrock system at the Kogelberg Nature Reserve, Kleinmond, and the other a cover sand system in Riverlands Nature Reserve, Malmesbury. This study focussed on strengthening the link between what is known about a given soil form and the hydrological assumptions that can be drawn from that classification, and formulating the results so that they may ultimately be used to calibrate the recharge prediction models for the respective catchments. The research was done in two parts: The first phase was to conduct soil surveys in both reserves during which soils were classified according to South African Soil Classification. Samples were collected at representative observation points which provided textural data for use in pedotransfer functions (PTFs). These PTFs were used to estimate plant available water (PAW) and hydraulic conductivity (K) for the observed profiles. Infiltration experiments were subsequently done to investigate the infiltration patterns of distinctly different soil forms at two sites from each reserve. The experiments included double ring and mini disc infiltration, volumetric water content determination and flow path visualisation using a staining dye. A statistical comparison between the hydrological properties (K and PAW) of the different soil forms suggest that hydraulic properties differed between the deep sandy soil forms (Fernwood, Pinegrove and Witfontein in Kogelberg and Witfontein, Concordia and Lamotte in Riverlands) and the shallow rocky soil forms (Cartref and Glenrosa in Kogelberg). Thus grouping of hydrological similar units (HSUs) could be done on the basis of the soil forms present within the given catchments. The infiltration study showed that shallow, rocky soils that grade into bedrock would have infiltration rates far greater than those estimated using PTFs in Kogelberg. This is due to the prevalence of continuous preferential flow (PF) of water between coarse fragments in these profiles. Recharge estimates would thus be inaccurate in such soils and calibration using locally derived data is recommended. On the contrary, PTFs produced accurate infiltration estimates relative to measured infiltration rates in deep sandy soils in Kogelberg and Riverlands. The Lamotte soil form is an example of such a soil form. It should however be noted that an increase in PF in these soils had subsequently higher K values than estimated, thus illustrating the link between PF and accelerated infiltration rates. These results confirm that using soil survey information, in the form of a soil map, and calibrated hydrological properties, one can delineate HSUs that encompass a large degree of heterogeneity in a given catchment.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Verhoogde druk op grondwaterhulpbronne weens die groeiende bevolking en klimaatsverandering dryf tans navorsing om akwifeer hervulling beter te verstaan. Die grondlaag is van belang sienend dat dit reënwater verdeel in oppervlak afloop, evapotranspirasie en diep dreinering. Die uitdagings in hidrologiese navorsing is universeel as gevolg van onsekerhede oor ruimtelike en tydelike variasie wat lei tot komplekse grondwatermodelle. Diè navorsing mik om die tekortkominge in akwifeer hervulling aan te vul deur groundwatermodelle van twee akwifeersisteme te verbeter: Die een is 'n gebroke rots sisteem in die Kogelberg Natuur Reservaat, Kleinmond, en die ander is 'n sand-bedekde sisteem in Riverlands Natuur Reservaat, Malmesbury. Die navorsing streef om die verhouding tussen 'n spesifieke grondvorm en sy hidroliese vloeipaaie te bestudeer en om die gevolgtrekkings so te formuleer dat dit kan gebruik word om die onderskeie grondwatermodelle te kalibreer. Die eerste fase van die navorsing was om 'n grondopname van die onderskeie reservate te doen waartydens die gronde geklassifiseer was volgens die Suid Afrikaanse Grondklassifikasie Sisteem. Grondmonsters is by verteenwoordigende observasiepunte geneem en geanaliseer om tekstuurdata vir pedo-oordraagbare-funksies (PTFs) te kry. Die PTFs was gebruik om plant beskikbare water (PBW) en hidrouliese geleiding (K) te voorspel vir die verskeie observasiepunte. Infiltrasie eksperimente was daarna gedoen om die infiltrasie patroon van twee verskillende grondvorms van elke reservaat te bestudeer. Die eksperimente sluit dubbel- en minidisk-infiltrasie, volumetriese waterinhoud bepaling en vloeipad visualisering met die gebruik van 'n kleurstof in. Die statistiese vergelyking van die hidrouliese eienskappe (K en PBW) en grondvorm dui aan dat die hidrouliese eienskappe verskil tussen die diep, grondvorms met 'n oorwegende sand tekstuur (Fernwood, Pinegrove en Witfontein in Kogelberg en Witfontein, Concordia en Lamotte in Riverlands) en die vlakker, klipperige grondvorms (Cartref en Glenrosa in Kogelberg). Groepering van hidrologies soortgelyke eenhede (HSE's) kan dus op die basis van die teenwoordige grondvorms in 'n opvangsgebied gedoen word. Die infiltrasie studie het bewys dat vlak, klipperige gronde wat tot die rotsbodem gradueer 'n baie hoër infiltratsie tempo sal hê as die PTF voorspelde waardes. Dit is as gevolg van die voorkoms van aaneenlopende voorkeurvloei (VV) van water tussen die growwe materiaal in die profiele, veral die gebroke rots ondergorond. Voorspellings van akwifeer hervulling sal dus onakkuraat wees en kalibrasie met plaaslike data word dus aanbeveel. In teendeel met die begenoemde, het die PTFs akkurate voorspellings gemaak relatief tot die gemete infiltrasie tempo's in die diep sanderige grondvorms in Kogelberg en Riverlands. Dit was duidelik met metings dat 'n toename in aaneenlopende VV hoër gemete K waardes getoon as die voorspelde waardes. Die verband tussen VV en verhoogde infiltrasie tempo word dus hiermee geillustreer. Die resultate bevestig dus dat grondopname data, in die vorm van 'n grondkaart en gekalibreerde hidrouliese eienskappe gebruik kan word om hidrologies soortgelyke eenhede uiteen te sit wat die meerderheid van die variasie in 'n gegewe opvangsgebied insluit. Die HSE's kan gebruik word om grondwatermodelle meer akkuraat te laat funksioneer en dus beter voorspellings te genereer.

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Daar, Jacob. "Using Contextual Cues to Influence the Role of Priming in the Transformation of Stimulus Functions: A Relational Frame Theory Investigation in Implicit Social Stereotyping." Scholar Commons, 2011. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/3056.

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This basic study was designed to explore the conceptualization of prejudice as a form of contextually controlled, derived, and arbitrarily applicable relational responding. Basic studies utilizing RFT methodologies have yielded examples of how stimulus functions of one set of stimuli, such as a stereotyped group, can transform the functions of another stimulus, such as an individual. Priming procedures, as contextual cues, have been used to affect prejudicial responding. Stimuli participating in relational frames have been shown to be sensitive to such priming procedures; however, the role of context in the priming of derived relational responses has not yet been established. In the present study, 11 participants were trained to respond to four 3-member equivalence classes, consisting of word-like stimuli, under the contextual control of two background colors. Participants then completed a single-word lexical decision task in which prime/target pairs, consisting of related and unrelated pairs, were presented with and without contextual cues. For participants who successfully completed the training phase, response latencies to identify related pairs were generally shorter than for pairs involving a neutral word. However, response latencies between related pairs and unrelated pairs, consisting only of previously trained stimuli, failed to meet statistically significant differentiation. Responses were also similar between contextually related and contextually unrelated word pairs. The results failed to indicate the presence of a contextually controlled semantic priming effect at a statistically significant level; however, these results do suggest the possible presence of an episodic priming effect.

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Noiret, Nicolas. "Le contrôle cognitif des mouvements oculaires : influence du vieillissement, de la maladie d'Alzheimer et de la dépression." Thesis, Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017UBFCC031/document.

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Le présent travail de thèse par articles visait à apporter sa contribution, d’une part à la compréhension des relations entre mouvements oculaires et vieillissement cognitif normal et pathologique, d’autre part à la caractérisation des modifications oculomotrices spécifiques à la maladie d’Alzheimer et à la dépression, deux pathologies parfois cliniquement difficiles à discriminer chez la personne âgée. À travers une série de quatre articles et une expérience non publiée, nous avons examiné les relations entre le déclin des capacités de contrôle cognitif associé au vieillissement normal et les modifications des paramètres des saccades oculaires liées à l’âge. Par ailleurs, nous avons également étudié précisément les caractéristiques de différents paramètres des saccades et leurs liens avec l’altération du contrôle cognitif dans la maladie d’Alzheimer. La comparaison directe des performances oculomotrices de patients atteints de la maladie d’Alzheimer et de patients âgés atteints de dépression a permis de différencier des caractéristiques oculomotrices spécifiques à la maladie d’Alzheimer de celles spécifiques à la dépression du sujet âgé. Enfin, nous avons pu mettre en évidence la spécificité de l’analyse visuelle des informations émotionnelles des visages chez des patients âgés souffrant de dépression.Dans l’ensemble, ces travaux ont montré une influence du déclin cognitif lié à l’âge, mais aussi de la dépression et de la maladie d’Alzheimer sur les performances oculomotrices. Le ralentissement du traitement de l’information semble avoir un impact sur les paramètres des saccades sur toutes les tâches proposées. La latence et le nombre de saccades erronées ont pu être associés aux capacités d’inhibition. Le nombre et le temps de correction des saccades corrigées étaient plutôt liés aux capacités de surveillance (monitoring) et de flexibilité cognitive. Les capacités de correction des saccades erronées dans la dépression étaient similaires à celles du vieillissement normal, mais altérées dans la maladie d’Alzheimer. La latence des saccades était par contre plus influencée par la dépression que par la maladie d’Alzheimer. De plus, le traitement des stimuli émotionnels a révélé des stratégies particulières chez les patients âgés atteints de dépression – un évitement des caractéristiques émotionnelles des visages, excepté pour la joie – qui pourraient être différentes de l’altération de la recherche visuelle retrouvée dans la maladie d’Alzheimer par des études antérieures. Que ce soit au travers des tâches de saccades ou d’exploration visuelle, les mouvements oculaires peuvent refléter les processus de contrôle cognitif et permettre de différencier la dépression de maladie d’Alzheimer
This doctoral dissertation aimed at better characterizing the relations between eye movements and normal and pathological cognitive ageing on the one hand, and the oculomotor modifications related to Alzheimer's disease and depression – two pathologies sometimes clinically difficult to discriminate in the elderly person — on the other hand. Through a series of five experiments, we examined the relations between the decline of the cognitive control capacities associated with normal ageing and the age-related modifications of the ocular saccade parameters. In addition, we also precisely studied the characteristics of various saccade parameters and their relations with the deterioration of cognitive control, present in the Alzheimer's disease. The direct comparison of the oculomotor performances of patients suffering from the Alzheimer's disease and elderly patients suffering from depression allowed us to differentiate the oculomotor characteristics specific to the Alzheimer's disease from those specific to the depression. Lastly, we highlighted the specificity of the visual process of emotional faces among elderly patients suffering from depression.Globally, this work showed an influence of the cognitive decline related to the age, but also of the depression and Alzheimer's disease on the oculomotor performances. The information processing slowing seems to have an impact on the parameters of all the saccadic tasks. The latency and the number of erroneous saccades were associated with the inhibition capacities. The number and the time of correction of corrected saccades were rather related to the monitoring and flexibility abilities. The capacities of correction of erroneous saccades in depression were similar to those of normal ageing, but impaired in Alzheimer's disease. On the other hand, the saccade latency appears to be more impacted by depression than by Alzheimer's disease. Moreover, the emotional face processing revealed the presence of particular strategies among elderly patients suffering from depression – avoidance of the emotional facial features, except for happy faces – and which could be different from the alteration of the visual search previously found in Alzheimer's disease. Whether it be in saccade tasks or in visual exploration tasks, eye movements can reflect cognitive control and enable us to differentiate depression from Alzheimer’s disease

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Röhrbein, Jan Hendrik [Verfasser]. "The influence of the staphylococcal Extracellular Adherence Protein on T cells functions in vitro in the context of the psoriasiform skin disease / Jan Hendrik Röhrbein." Ulm : Universität Ulm. Medizinische Fakultät, 2013. http://d-nb.info/1037395018/34.

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Schroeder, Valarie M. "Giddy-up your cognitive processes: The influence of horseback riding as a physical activity on executive functioning." Miami University / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1435075636.

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Maassen, Kathrin [Verfasser], and Jutta [Akademischer Betreuer] Geldermann. "Analysis of idle time and waiting time as objective functions and the influence of processing times in permutation flow shop scheduling / Kathrin Maassen ; Betreuer: Jutta Geldermann." Duisburg, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1223849392/34.

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Aslay, Çiğdem. "From viral marketing to social advertising: ad allocation under social influence." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/401679.

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This thesis constitutes one of the first investigations that lie at the intersection of social influence propagation, viral marketing, and social advertising. The objective of this thesis is to take the algorithmic aspects of viral marketing out of the lab, and further enhance these aspects to account for the real world social advertisement models, by drawing on the viral marketing literature to study social influence aware ad allocation for social advertising. To this end, we take a first step towards enabling social influence online analytics in support of viral marketing decision making, and propose efficient influence indexing framework that can accurately answer topic-aware viral marketing queries with milliseconds response time. We then initiate investigation in the area of social advertising through the viral marketing lens, aligned with real world social advertisement models, and introduce two fundamental optimization problems, regarding the allocation of ads to social network users under social influence. We devise greedy approximation algorithms with provable approximation guarantees for the novel problems introduced. We also develop scalable versions of our approximation algorithms by leveraging the notion of reverse reachability sampling on social graphs, and experimentally confirm that our algorithms are scalable and deliver high quality solutions.
Aquesta tesi constitueix una de les primeres investigacions en la intersecció entre propagació d'influència social, màrqueting viral i publicitat social. L'objectiu d'aquesta tesi és treure els aspectes algorítmics de màrqueting viral fora del laboratori, i millorar-los per tenir en compte els models de publicitat del món real en xarxes socials, fent ús de la literatura del màrqueting viral per estudiar l'assignació d'anuncis basada en la influència social per a la publicitat en xarxes socials. Amb aquesta finalitat, hem pres un primer pas cap al desenvolupament de anàlisi d'influència social en línia que ajudin en la presa de decisions en el màrqueting viral, i proposem un marc per a la indexació eficient d'influència que pugui respondre amb precisió a les consultes de màrqueting viral orientades a temes específics amb temps de resposta de mil·lisegons. A continuació, comencem una investigació en l'àrea de la publicitat social a través de la lent del màrqueting viral, en línia amb models de publicitat del món real, i introduïm dos nous problemes d'optimització pel que fa a l'assignació d'anuncis als usuaris de la xarxa social sota la influència social, amb garanties d'aproximació demostrables. També desenvolupem una versió escalable dels nostres algoritmes d'aproximació aprofitant la noció de presa de mostres d'accessibilitat inversa en grafs socials, i confirmem experimentalment que els nostres algoritmes són escalables i ofereixen solucions d'alta qualitat.
Esta tesis constituye una de las primeras investigaciones en la intersección entre propagación de influencia social, marketing viral y publicidad social. El objetivo es sacar los aspectos algorítmicos de marketing viral fuera del laboratorio, y mejorarlos para tener en cuenta los modelos de publicidad del mundo real en redes sociales, haciendo uso de la literatura de marketing viral para estudiar asignación de anuncios basada en la influencia social. Con este fin, tomamos un primer paso hacia el desarrollo de análisis de influencia social en línea que ayuden en la toma de decisiones en el marketing viral, y proponemos un marco para la indexación eficiente de influencia que pueda responder con precisión a las consultas de marketing viral orientadas a temas específicos con tiempo de respuesta de milisegundos. A continuación, iniciamos una investigación en el área de la publicidad social a través de la lente del marketing viral, en línea con modelos de publicidad del mundo real, e introducimos dos nuevos problemas de optimización respecto a la asignación de anuncios a los usuarios de la red social bajo la influencia social, con garantías de aproximación demostrables. También desarrollamos una versión escalable de nuestros algoritmos de aproximación aprovechando la noción de toma de muestras de accesibilidad inversa en grafos sociales, y confirmamos experimentalmente que nuestros algoritmos son escalables y ofrecen soluciones de alta calidad.

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Medeiros, Rogério de Assis. "Modelos de apreçamento com influência social." Universidade de São Paulo, 2017. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/45/45132/tde-19072017-143031/.

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Nesta tese desenvolvemos modelos de apreçamento de ativos financeiros baseados no conceito de influência social, analisamos também algumas das consequências destes modelos e comparamos com os modelos correspondentes clássicos. Por meio das funções de utilidade generalizadas exponencial e quadrática, deduzimos o CAPM com influência social. Obtivemos que o coeficiente beta da fórmula do CAPM depende de uma aversão ao risco efetiva do mercado que depende da distribuição de riqueza dos agentes do mercado. Supondo que distribuição de riqueza dos agentes do mercado segue uma distribuição de Pareto, fomos capazes de conectar, aversão ao risco média efetiva do mercado, volatilidade e distribuição de riqueza dos agentes, estabelecendo a previsão empírica de que a volatilidade aumenta com a concentração da distribuição de riqueza dos agentes do mercado, a qual foi corroborada por meio de análise estatística. Através da função generalizada tipo potência são feitas algumas considerações sobre alguns \"puzzles\" econômicos bem conhecidos (o \"Equity Premium Puzzle\" e o \"Riskfree Rate Puzzle\") que mostram que a modelagem da influência social pode ter impacto no esclarecimento destes \"puzzles\".
In this thesis we develop pricing models for financial assets based in the concept of social influence, we analyze too some of consequences of this models and we compare with the corresponding classical models. By means of the exponential and quadratic generalized utility functions, we deduce the CAPM with social influence. We obtained that the coefficient beta from the formula of the CAPM depends of a market effective risk aversion that depends of the wealth distribution of the market agents. Supposing that the wealth distribution of the market agents follows a Pareto distribution, we were able to connect, market effective average risk aversion, volatility and wealth distribution of the agents, establishing the empirical forecasting that the volatility grows with the concentration of the wealth distribution of the market agents, which was corroborated by means of statistical analysis. Through the generalized power function are made some considerations about some economic puzzles well-known (the Equity Premium Puzzle and the Riskfree Rate Puzzle) that show us that the modeling of the social influence can to have impact in the clarification these puzzles.

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Ратушняк, Г. С., та Д. А. Шпіта. "Аналіз факторів оцінки надійності технічного стану теплового насоса". Thesis, ВНТУ, 2018. http://ir.lib.vntu.edu.ua//handle/123456789/24389.

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Наведено комплексні фактори для експерта проекту з оцінювання технічного стану теплового насоса, що дає змогу отримати належні управлінські рішення з врахуванням кількісних та якісних збуджуючих факторів, які впливають на надійність та довговічність роботи теплового насоса. Це дозволяє використовувати експертно-лінгвістичну інформацію для прогнозування технічного стану теплового насоса в залежності від факторів, що його обумовлюють.
The complex factors for the expert of the project on the estimation of the technical condition of the heat pump are presented, which allows to receive the appropriate management decisions taking into account quantitative and qualitative excitatory factors that influence the reliability and durability of the operation of the heat pump. This allows using expert-linguistic information to predict the technical state of the heat pump, depending on the factors that determine it.

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Laborde, Sylvain. "Slow-paced breathing and cardiac vagal activity : influence on stress regulation, sleep, and cognitive executive performance The effect of slow-paced breathing on stress management in adolescents with intellectual disability Influence of a 30-day slow paced breathing intervention compared to social media use on subjective sleep quality and cardiac vagal activity The influence of slow-paced breathing on executive function Influence of slow-paced breathing on inhibition after physical exertion." Thesis, Normandie, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019NORMC044.

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Cette thèse de doctorat a pour but d'étudier l’influence de la respiration lente contrôlée sans biofeedback sur l'activité vagale cardiaque ainsi que son action sur plusieurs processus d'autorégulation, en se basant sur le modèle d'intégration neuroviscérale (Smith et al., 2017 ; Thayer et al., 2009) et sur le modèle de résonance (Lehrer & Gevirtz, 2014). Quatre études ont été menées, auprès d'adolescents ayant un handicap mental (étude 1) et de jeunes adultes sains (études 2, 3 et 4). Les effets d’interventions courtes et longues basées sur la respiration lente contrôlée ont été étudiés, et des effets positifs ont été constatés sur la gestion du stress (intervention courte, étude 1), le sommeil (intervention longue, étude 2) et les fonctions exécutives (intervention courte, études 3 et 4), mais les effets sur les fonctions exécutives n'ont pas été médiés par l’activité vagale cardiaque. Ces résultats sont encourageants en ce qui concerne l'utilisation de la respiration lente contrôlée en tant qu’intervention à court et long terme, en tant que "solution rapide" ou routine quotidienne, mais les recherches futures doivent clarifier les mécanismes sous-jacents, en particulier en utilisant des méthodes d'imagerie cérébrale. En conclusion, la respiration lente contrôlée est une technique gratuite, non invasive, simple à mettre en œuvre, et avec peu d'effets secondaires, ce qui en fait une intervention appropriée pour traiter un éventail varié de phénomènes liés à l’autorégulation
This PhD thesis was aimed to investigate the influence of slow-paced breathing (SPB) without biofeedback on CVA, as well as its action on several self-regulation processes, based on the neurovisceral integration model (Smith et al., 2017; Thayer et al., 2009) and on the resonance model (Lehrer & Gevirtz, 2014). Four studies were conducted, adolescents with individual disabilities (Study 1) and healthy young adults (Study 2, 3, & 4). Both short-term and long-term SPB interventions have been investigated, and positive effects have been found on stress management (short-term, Study 1), sleep (long-term, Study 2), and executive functions (short-term, Studies 3 and 4), however results related to executive functions were not mediated by CVA. These results are encouraging regarding the use of SPB in acute and chronic interventions, as a “quick-fix” or daily routine, however future research has to clarify the underlying mechanisms, in particular with brain imaging methods. To conclude, SPB is a technique that is free, non-invasive, easy to implement, and with little side effects, which makes it an appropriate intervention to recommend to address a large range of self-regulation phenomena

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40

Sjöström, Elin. "Cognitive Abilities and their Influence on Speech-In-Noise Information Processing : a Study on Different Kinds of Speech Support and Their Relation to the Human Cognition." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för datavetenskap, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-139036.

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In this paper, top-down and bottom-up processing were studied regarding their effect on speech-in-noise. Three cognitive functions were also studied (divided attention, executive functioning, and semantic comprehension), and the effect they have on the speech processing and on each other. The research questions asked were if a difference in speech-in noise perception can be observed regarding the different levels of top-down and bottom-up support, if speech-in-noise is related to any of the researched cognitive abilities, and if there exists any correlation between these abilities. The method is a within-subject experimental design, consisting of four different tests: PASAT, to measure attention, LIT, to measure semantic comprehension, TMT, to measure executive functioning and SIN, to measure speech-in noise. The results showed a significant difference between top-down and bottom-up processing, a significant difference between top-down processing in decreasing and increasing conditions could also be seen. A negative correlation between the benefit of top-down support and the semantic comprehension task was found. Regarding the cognitive abilities a few correlations were found; the semantic comprehension task had a positive correlation to both the central executive task and the attentional task, the attentional task had a negative correlation to the central executive task, and both of the central executive subtasks had a positive correlation to each other. Most of the findings were expected, built on earlier cognitive hearing theories and studies.

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Rangiaho, Melina. "Senior management's influence on the contextual components of an organisation that affect creativity : a case study of a New Zealand manufacturing company." Diss., Lincoln University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10182/351.

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Organisations are under enormous pressure to become more innovative in all areas of their operations if they are going to continue to compete successfully (Leavy, 2003). The first stage of successful innovation is ensuring that creativity, the generation of novel ideas, is achieved (McFadzean, et al., 2004). With regards to an organisation's creative environment, theory has suggested that the basic orientation of a company's support for creativity comes directly from the behaviours of the highest levels of management (Amabile, 1996). Despite this proposed relationship, little empirical research has been conducted that examines the role that senior management of an organisation play in influencing a work environment that stimulates creativity. A research model has been developed that illustrates the possible relationships between the functions of senior managers and the creative work environment of an organisation. Essentially this model is be utilised as a framework to examine how do the management functions create the stimulants and impediments of an organisation's environment that affect creativity? The method used to investigate this research question is a qualitative investigation of two manufacturing plants that operate in a larger New Zealand food processing company. This entailed gathering information through semi-structured interviews with employees from the senior management to lower level employees. In addition, direct observations at the plants and archival data in the form of company reports, articles and prior studies were used to gather further information. From this research, three key findings were established. (1) Amabile, et al's., (1996) theory that a number of variables stimulate creativity, while others impede it, was supported. (2) Trust was found to be the key intervening variable, the foundation, upon which a creative context can be built. (3) The Senior Manager, in the case of this research the Operations Manager and Production Centre Manager, played a crucial role in providing the contextual variables that facilitate creativity. As this research suggests, organisational creativity is complicated by the fact that it is affected by the social dynamics operating between key parties within an organisation. Consequently, it is characterised by informal relationships, freedom and resource allocation that ultimately requires that a level of trust exists between key parties. It is senior management's responsibility to ensure that such a work environment is created. These managers are only able to build trust within their organisations by acting with benevolence, integrity and demonstrating that they are committed to employee creativity.

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42

Hillreiner, Maria [Verfasser], Michael W. [Akademischer Betreuer] Pfaffl, Michael W. [Gutachter] Pfaffl, and Siegfried [Gutachter] Scherer. "Influence on physiological functions of bovine mammary epithelial cells in 3D cell culture through bacterial stimuli and ketone bodies / Maria Hillreiner ; Gutachter: Michael W. Pfaffl, Siegfried Scherer ; Betreuer: Michael W. Pfaffl." München : Universitätsbibliothek der TU München, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1156713498/34.

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43

Hörberg, Thomas. "Influences of Form and Function on Spatial Relations : Establishing functional and geometric influences on projective prepositions in Swedish." Thesis, Stockholm University, Department of Linguistics, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-6867.

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The present work is concerned with projective prepositions, which express the relation between two objects by referring to a direction in three-dimensional space. The projective prepositions have been regarded as expressing simple schematic relations of a geometric nature. A theory of the apprehension of projective relations can account for their meanings when they express strictly geometric relations. However, many studies have shown that the appropriateness of the prepositions also depends on the functional relation between the objects and that a number of functional factors influence the comprehension of English prepositions. This experimental study investigates if the acceptability of the Swedish prepositions över, under, ovanför and nedanför are influenced by functional factors as well, and whether acceptability judgments about över and under are more sensitive to functional influences than judgments about ovanför and nedanför, as has been shown for the corresponding English prepositions over and under, and above and below, respectively. It also investigates how the shapes and the parts of the related objects influence their functional interaction, and how the acceptability of the prepositions is in consequence influenced by the shapes of the objects. It was found that the theory of apprehension can indeed account for the acceptability of the prepositions when the relation between the objects is strictly geometric. It was further found that acceptability judgments about them are influenced by functional factors in a similar manner to the corresponding English prepositions when the objects are functionally related, although judgments about under and nedanför are not differentially influenced by these factors. Furthermore, the shapes and the parts of both of the related objects influence acceptability judgments about the prepositions in predictable manners. An extension of the theory of apprehension is suggested which can account for the functional influences indicated in the present study.

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Bohlin, Kapanen Isak, and Lollo Liu. "I valet och kvalet : En kvalitativ studie om vad som kan påverka valet av influencers hos framgångsrika företag inom functional foods." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Företagsekonomiska institutionen, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-391643.

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Influencer marketing har blivit en frekvent förekommande form av marknadsföring de senaste åren. Parallellt med detta har även branschen functional foods vuxit fram och fått fäste på den svenska marknaden, varav många företag inom denna bransch därför har haft möjlighet att använda influencer marketing som främsta marknadsföringsstrategi. Vissa av dessa företag sticker ut med högre tillväxt än branschen och det är intressant att undersöka hur dessa framgångsrika företag har gått tillväga vid valet av influencers. Uppsatsen ämnar att bidra med en ökad förståelse för vad som kan påverka valet av influencers för framgångsrika företag verksamma inom functional foods. För att besvara studiens syfte har fyra intervjuer genomförts uppdelat på två framgångsrika företag verksamma inom functional foods. Studien visar att valet av influencers för framgångsrika företag inom functional foods främst påverkas av räckvidd, engagemang inom följarbas, relevans och intresse för varumärket. Varav intresse för varumärket fungerar som en indikator för högre trovärdighet och högre kvalité på innehållet som publiceras.

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Jendoubi, Siwar. "Influencers characterization in a social network for viral marketing perspectives." Thesis, Rennes 1, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016REN1S076.

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Le marketing viral est une nouvelle forme de marketing qui exploite les réseaux sociaux afin de promouvoir un produit, une marque, etc. Il se fonde sur l'influence qu'exerce un utilisateur sur un autre. La maximisation de l'influence est le problème scientifique pour le marketing viral. En fait, son but principal est de sélectionner un ensemble d'utilisateurs d'influences qui pourraient adopter le produit et déclencher une large cascade d'influence et d'adoption à travers le réseau. Dans cette thèse, nous proposons deux modèles de maximisation de l'influence sur les réseaux sociaux. L'approche proposée utilise la théorie des fonctions de croyance pour estimer l'influence des utilisateurs. En outre, nous introduisons une mesure d'influence qui fusionne de nombreux aspects d'influence, comme l'importance de l'utilisateur sur le réseau et la popularité de ces messages. Ensuite, nous proposons trois scénarii de marketing viral. Pour chaque scénario, nous introduisons deux mesures d'influence. Le premier scénario cherche les influenceurs ayant une opinion positive sur le produit. Le second scénario concerne les influenceurs ayant une opinion positive et qui influencent des utilisateurs ayant une opinion positive et le dernier scénario cherche des influenceurs ayant une opinion positive et qui influencent des utilisateurs ayant une opinion négative. Dans un deuxième lieu, nous nous sommes tournés vers un autre problème important, qui est le problème de la prédiction du sujet du message social. En effet, le sujet est également un paramètre important dans le problème de la maximisation de l'influence. A cet effet, nous introduisons quatre algorithmes de classification qui ne nécessitent pas le contenu du message pour le classifier, nous avons juste besoin de ces traces de propagation. Dans nos expérimentations, nous comparons les solutions proposées aux solutions existantes et nous montrons la performance des modèles de maximisation de l'influence et les classificateurs proposés
The Viral Marketing is a relatively new form of marketing that exploits social networks in order to promote a product, a brand, etc. It is based on the influence that exerts one user on another. The influence maximization is the scientific problem for the Viral Marketing. In fact, its main purpose is to select a set of influential users that could adopt the product and trigger a large cascade of influence and adoptions through the network. In this thesis, we propose two evidential influence maximization models for social networks. The proposed approach uses the theory of belief functions to estimate users influence. Furthermore, we introduce an influence measure that fuses many influence aspects, like the importance of the user in the network and the popularity of his messages. Next, we propose three Viral Marketing scenarios. For each scenario we introduce two influence measures. The first scenario is about influencers having a positive opinion about the product. The second scenario searches for influencers having a positive opinion and influence positive opinion users and the last scenario looks for influencers having a positive opinion and influence negative opinion users. On the other hand, we turned to another important problem which is about the prediction of the social message topic. Indeed, the topic is also an important parameter in the influence maximization problem. For this purpose, we introduce four classification algorithms that do not need the content of the message to classify it, they just need its propagation traces. In our experiments, we compare the proposed solutions to existing ones and we show the performance of the proposed influence maximization solutions and the proposed classifiers

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46

Villeneuve, Eric. "Hybridation des retours d'expérience statistique et cognitif pour l'évaluation des risques : application à la déconstruction des aéronefs." Thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012INPT0032/document.

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Les travaux de recherche présentés dans ce document s'inscrivent dans le cadre de la gestion des connaissances appliquée à la déconstruction des avions en fin de vie avec pour objectif l'aide à la décision par l'évaluation des risques. Pour répondre à cet objectif, nous avons développé des mécanismes d'aide à la décision hybridant les retours d'expérience statistique et cognitif pour évaluer les risques sur les zones critiques d'un système. L'approche proposée permet la combinaison des avis d'experts du domaine avec des statistiques issues d'une base de données en utilisant les fonctions de croyance. L'évaluation des risques est réalisée par le traitement des connaissances combinées au moyen d'un modèle utilisant les réseaux évidentiels dirigés. Ce document s'articule en quatre chapitres.Le premier chapitre constitue un état de l'art abordant les notions liées au risque et au retour d'expérience. Il permet de définir les concepts clés concernant l'évaluation du risque, la gestion des connaissances (et en particulier le processus de retour d'expérience) ainsi que les passerelles entre ces deux concepts. Le second chapitre permet d'introduire un modèle d'évaluation des risques basé sur les méthodes bayésiennes. Cependant, les méthodes bayésiennes ont des limites, en particulier pour ce qui concerne la modélisation de l'incertitude épistémique inhérente aux avis d'experts, qui nous ont incité à proposer des alternatives, telles les fonctions de croyance et les réseaux évidentiels dirigés que nous avons finalement choisi d'utiliser. Le troisième chapitre propose une démarche permettant d'évaluer les risques en utilisant les réseaux évidentiels dirigés. L'approche proposée décrit les mécanismes utilisés pour formaliser et fusionner les connaissances expertes et statistiques, puis pour traiter ces connaissances au moyen des réseaux évidentiels dirigés. Pour finir, des indicateurs permettant la restitution des résultats au décideur sont introduits. Le dernier chapitre présente le projet DIAGNOSTAT qui a servi de cadre à ces travaux de recherche et expose un cas d'étude permettant d'appliquer la démarche introduite précédemment à la déconstruction des avions en fin de vie au moyen de deux scénarios
The research work presented in this document relates to knowledge management applied to aircraft deconstruction. The aim of this work is to provide a decision support system for risk assessment. To meet this objective, mechanisms for decision support hybridizing cognitive and statistical experience feedback to perform risk assessment on system critical areas have been developed. The proposed approach allows to combine expert opinion with statistics extracted from a database by using belief functions. The risk assessment is performed by the combined knowledge processing using a model based on directed evidential networks. This document is divided into four chapters. The first chapter is a state of the art addressing concepts related to risk and experience feedback. It defines key concepts for risk assessment, knowledge management (in particular the experience feedback process) and the links between these two concepts. The second chapter allows to introduce a risk assessment model based on Bayesian methods. However, Bayesian methods have some limitations, particularly with respect to epistemic uncertainty modelling. That is why, some alternatives have been proposed, such as belief functions and directed evidential networks that we finally chose to use. The third chapter proposes an approach for assessing the risk using directed evidential networks. The proposed approach describes the mechanisms used to formalize and combine expert and statistical knowledge, and then to process this knowledge with directed evidential networks. Finally, indicators to inform the decision maker about results are introduced. The last chapter presents the DIAGNOSTAT project which provided the framework for this research and a study case to apply the approach introduced earlier for aircraft deconstruction by using two scenarios

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47

Brower, Sarah Curran. "RELATING DENITRIFIER COMMUNITY COMPOSITION TO FUNCTION IN FRESHWATER WETLANDS: THE INFLUENCE OF HYDROLOGY AND INTRASPECIFIC FUNCTIONAL VARIATION." Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1385384882.

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48

Tian, Furong. "Influence of nanomaterials on cell function." Stuttgart Max-Planck-Inst. für Metallforschung, 2006. http://deposit.d-nb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=980324068.

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49

Hayman, Melissa Anne. "Genomic influences on platelet function." Thesis, Queen Mary, University of London, 2018. http://qmro.qmul.ac.uk/xmlui/handle/123456789/36221.

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The study of platelet messenger and micro-RNAs is of increasing interest owing to the fact that platelets contain the machinery to splice and translate mRNA into proteins in response to inhibitory or activating signals. However, the relatively small size (roughly 4000-5000 transcripts) and short half-life of the platelet transcriptome makes this a technically challenging aspect of platelet biology to investigate. The aims of these thesis investigations were therefore to optimise protocols for the isolation of platelets for downstream RNA analyses and function testing, to investigate the functional capabilities of platelet subpopulations rich in RNA, and to understand the functional and transcriptomic impact of gene mutations predicted to influence platelet function. I found that the optimal method for isolating platelets from whole blood is to use simple single step centrifugation to obtain platelet rich plasma. This method is as effective as more involved methods at reducing white blood cell contamination whilst causing minimal platelet activation. Using this method in combination with flow cytometric cell sorting techniques I was able to isolate the newly formed reticulated platelet sub-population and to confirm the link between reticulation status and increased RNA content. Furthermore, using a range of platelet function assays I demonstrated that reticulated platelets are more reactive than non-reticulated platelets. By obtaining blood samples from a patient with a PLA2G4A mutation I was able to show that loss of cPLA2α enzymatic activity alters both platelet function and the expression of certain mRNA transcripts. My investigations using samples from a range of patients with bleeding tendencies show the benefit of combining deep platelet phenotyping with next generation sequencing to understand the causation of bleeding disorders. Together these investigations highlight the utility of genomic DNA and platelet specific mRNA studies in providing novel insights in to pathways regulating platelet reactivity.

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Hocking, Matthew. "Predictors of coping success in children with functional abdominal pain the influence of executive function and attention regulation /." Thesis, [Tuscaloosa, Ala. : University of Alabama Libraries], 2009. http://purl.lib.ua.edu/2125.

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Дисертації з теми "Influence functions"

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