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Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Infections à pneumocoque – Aspect immunologique"
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Дисертації з теми "Infections à pneumocoque – Aspect immunologique"
Gomes, Machado Marina. "The role of acetate in macrophage`s response against Streptococcus pneumoniae." Thesis, Université de Lille (2022-....), 2022. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/LIBRE/EDBSL/2022/2022ULILS001.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаShort chain fatty acids (SCFAs) are metabolites produced mainly by the gut microbiota with a known role in immune regulation. Acetate, the major SCFA, is described to disseminate to distal organs such as the lungs. Moreover, the literature supports that acetate modulates inflammation and improves bacterial clearance. Our group has previously demonstrated that acetate improves Streptococcus pneumoniae clearance in the context of a secondary post-viral infection. This protection is mediated by alveolar macrophages, the first line of pulmonary immune defense. Thus, our aim was to evaluate the effect of acetate on the killing ability of alveolar macrophages and to delineate the mechanisms involved in this response. Here we show that acetate supplementation in drinking water modulated the secretion of host defense proteins by murine pulmonary cells and led to reduced S. pneumoniae loads in the lungs. To understand the mechanisms of bacterial clearance, alveolar macrophages were used. Transcriptomic analysis (RNAseq) revealed that acetate induced a specific signature of host defense in S. pneumoniae conditioned macrophages. This associates with the improved killing ability of acetate treated macrophages mediated by nitric oxide (NO) production. Increased NO concentration triggered by acetate was dependent on augmentation of IL-1β levels. Surprisingly, IL-1β production led by acetate was neither dependent on its cell surface receptor (Free-Fatty Acid Receptor 2), nor on the enzymes responsible for its metabolism (Acetyl-CoA Synthetase 1 and 2). Alternatively, acetate enhanced the glycolytic profile of macrophages resulting in greater HIF-1α activity which culminated in higher transcription of IL-1β. Moreover, the increased secretion of IL-1β triggered by acetate relied on NLRP3 inflammasome activation. In conclusion, we unravel a new mechanism of bacterial killing by acetate-activated macrophages. We show that acetate increased IL-1β production and secretion in a mechanism dependent on the axis glycolysis/HIF-1α and NLRP3, respectively. Consequently, higher levels of IL-1β resulted in augmented NO production and improved killing ability of alveolar macrophages
Absi, Léna. "Contribution au dosage des anticorps antipneumolysine." Lyon 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988LYO1T005.
Повний текст джерелаVédy, Serge. "Les vaccinations chez le sujet séropositif pour le VIH." Bordeaux 2, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999BOR2M021.
Повний текст джерелаClaverie, Marie-Pierre. "L'approche psychosomatique dans la compréhension de l'évolution d'une maladie infectieuse : psychosomatique et immunité." Toulouse 2, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003TOU20025.
Повний текст джерелаPsychosomatic and AIDS, contribution to evaluation of disease evolution. This study of 19 subjects afflicted with HIV infection demonstrates that their symptomatic variability in terms of stabilization depends of the quality of psychic functioning. The analysis and interpretation of data from Toranto Alexithymia scale, from Rorschach protocols, KAPP and clinical research interviews tend to hypothesis that the somatic improument and the ability to cope with the disease depends of the quality of psychic functioning
Woods, Anne. "Infection et autoimmunité : Approches expérimentale des mécanismes de rupture de la tolérance B lymphocytaire." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2007. https://publication-theses.unistra.fr/public/theses_doctorat/2007/WOODS_Anne_2007.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаAutoimmune diseases are associated with genetic and environmental factors. Among the latter, infections have been particularly implicated. However, the mecanisms of such an association between infections and autoimmune diseases are still unknown. We have tried to understand those mecanisms by using transgenic mouse models expressing chimeric rheumatoid factors (RF) in the presence or in the absence of their autoantigen (human IgG). In these models, RF B cells are ignorant towards their autoantigen. However, infection of RF trangenic mice with Borrelia burgdorferi (Bb) breaks this state of tolerance thanks to the formation of Bb/anti-Bb human IgG immune complexes that induce a synergic signal between the BCR and a receptor recognising Bb antigens (probably a Toll-like receptor, TLR). This tolerance breakdown needs T cell help. On the other hand, infection with influenza virus does not break RF B cell tolerance in our tg model although this infection is able to induce type I IFN production, otherwise often associated with autoimmune diseases, and even when the transgene is expressend on an autoimmune background, NZBxNZW(F1). Bb infection induces a polyclonal B cell activation. Ce phenomenon is not well known, it has consequences on the immune response against infections and on the production of potentially harmfull autoantibodies. The infection of MyD88 deficient mice (considered at first to understand the role of TLR in the RF B cell tolerance breakdown) showed that this protein is important for polyclonal B cell activation. MyD88 inhibits the development of a Th2 immune response, thus probably preventing an increased production of IL-4 that can directly and excessively activate B cells
Andron, Pascal. "Les infections à "Streptococcus pneumoniae" de 1984 à 1990 à l''hôpital Louis Mourier de Colombes : aspect épidémiologique et évolution de la résistance à la pénicilline." Paris 5, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA05P006.
Повний текст джерелаRavet, Sophie. "Exploration du compartiment NK dans les pathologies humaines : implications dans le contrôle de l'infection VIH." Aix-Marseille 2, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007AIX22952.
Повний текст джерелаBonnet, Fabrice. "Evolution de la concentration plasmatique des marqueurs lipidiques et des récepteurs solubles du TNF-alpha et de l'interleukine-2 chez des patients infectés par le VIH et traités par antiprotéases." Bordeaux 2, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999BOR23087.
Повний текст джерелаNeau, Didier. "Aspects viro-immunologiques de l'hépatite chronique C au cours de l'infection par le VIH." Bordeaux 2, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001BOR28865.
Повний текст джерелаHCV infection is frequent and potentially severe in HIV-infected patients. In order to better understand the interactions between an immunocompromised host and HCV, different virological and immunological aspects of HCV-HIV were investigated. In the context of a clinical trial concerning 68 patients, we evaluated the efficacy of anti-HCV-treatment in HIV infection. We studies 1) the kinetics of plasma HCV load under interferon and its relationship with intra-hepatic HCV load 2) HCV variability (complexity and diversity of quasispecies) 3) TCD4 proliferative responses to HCV antigens, HIV p24, and tuberculin, to evaluate the predictive value of these different parameters on the response to anti-HCV treatment. Our results showed that the kinetics of HCV load under therapy in HIV coinfection was not significantly different of that observed in immunocompetent patients. Plasma load correlated with intra-hepatic load, which was significantly lower in patients treated with a protease inhibitor at the time of the biopsy. Plasma HCV quasispecies complexity before treatment was comparable with that observed in a group of HCV-infected patients. In contrast with immunocompetent patients, it did not predict response to treatment. Anti-HCV treatment modified the profile of quasispecies in 70 % of the patients. Genetic diversity was different according to the genotype. Initial proliferative response to HCV antigens did not predict the efficiency of the treatment. However, a profile of persisting immunological responders was significantly associated with viral clearance during immunological sequential follow-up
Lepiller, Quentin. "Rôle de l'indoléamine-2,3-dioxygénase dans la persistance des infections virales." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015STRAJ008/document.
Повний текст джерелаIndoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) is a tryptophan-catabolizing enzyme that plays a dual role during infectious diseases by contributing to the innate defenses against pathogens and by regulating the immune response. IDO is expressed in patients with hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. However, the molecular mechanism of IDO induction in HCV infection and its role in the antiviral immune response remain unknown. Using primary human hepatocytes, we have shown that HCV infection stimulates IDO expression. IDO gene induction was transient and coincided with the expression of type I and type III interferons (IFNs) and IFN-stimulated genes (ISGs) in HCV-infected hepatocytes. IDO expression was also stimulated when the hepatocytes were incubated with IFN-γ-secreting CD4+ T cells. Expression of IDO prior to HCV infection significantly impaired HCV replication in hepatocytes, suggesting that IDO limits the spread of HCV in the liver. By using siRNA-mediated IDO knockdown experiments, we have shown that IDO contributes to the IFN-α-antiviral effect on HCV replication. IDO expression was regulated by IRF-1 and STAT-1 in HCV-infected hepatocytes. Hepatic IDO expression also had a significant inhibitory effect on CD4+ T cell proliferation, suggesting an immunoregulatory role of IDO during HCV infection. Our data suggest that hepatic IDO plays a dual role during HCV infection by retarding viral replication and also regulating host immune responses. This work paves the way for in vivo experiments and clinical studies aiming to determine the relevance of pharmacological inhibition of IDO during HCV infection
Книги з теми "Infections à pneumocoque – Aspect immunologique"
Wakelin, Derek. Immunity to parasites: How parasitic infections are controlled. 2nd ed. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1996.
Знайти повний текст джерелаHuman Retroviral Infections: Immunological and Therapeutic Control. Springer, 2000.
Знайти повний текст джерелаOLDSTONE. Cytotoxic T-Lymphocytes in Human Viral & Malaria Infections. Springer, 1994.
Знайти повний текст джерелаNorman, Latov, Wokke, John H. J., 1952-, and Kelly John J. 1943-, eds. Immunological and infectious diseases of the peripheral nerves. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1998.
Знайти повний текст джерела1969-, Bennett Rebecca, and Erin Charles A, eds. HIV and AIDS: Testing, screening, and confidentiality. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1999.
Знайти повний текст джерела(Editor), Rebecca Bennett, and Charles A. Erin (Editor), eds. HIV and AIDS Testing, Screening, and Confidentiality (Issues in Biomedical Ethics). Oxford University Press, USA, 1999.
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