Дисертації з теми "Infections à coronavirus – physiopathologie"
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Barthelemy, Johanna. "Infections virales respiratoires et tissus adipeux blancs : Exemple de la grippe et de la COVID-19." Thesis, Université de Lille (2022-....), 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022ULILS009.
Повний текст джерелаRespiratory viral infections remain a major public health issue, worldwide. This is particularly the case with flu, caused by influenza viruses, and COVID-19, an emerging infectious disease caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus. Importantly, the populations most at risk of developing severe forms of flu or COVID-19 are obese individuals and the elderly. Although obesity and aging are both associated with major functional alterations of the white adipose tissue, the latter's involvement in the pathophysiology of influenza or COVID-19 remains poorly studied. The thesis project falls within this general theme.Recent work by our team has shown, in mice, that infection with the influenza virus causes metabolic reprogramming of the subcutaneous fat depots, mainly characterized by the browning of the tissue: a phenomenon which corresponds to the emergence of beige adipocytes with increased thermogenic activity. During my PhD, using complementary experimental in vivo, in vitro, ex vivo and in silico approaches, we showed that the response to influenza-infection-induced endoplasmic reticulum stress, and more specifically the PERK signaling pathway, is involved in white adipose tissue browning. Besides identifying a novel molecular mechanism that regulates thermogenesis, our work further specifies the role of the white adipose tissue in influenza infection.In parallel, we studied the impact of infection with the SARS-CoV-2 virus on the white adipose tissues of young adult and old hamsters - a preclinical model of COVID-19 recently implemented in our team. Our results showed that the infection is more severe - in terms of morbidity and mortality - in older animals than in young adults. Histomorphometric analysis of subcutaneous and visceral white adipose tissues showed that infection with SARS-CoV-2 is associated with a decrease in the size of adipocytes in these two depots; an effect that persists only in the older animals. Remarkably, the histological analysis of the tissues reveals the presence of numerous and large areas of adipocyte necrosis (resembling the “crown-like structures” that can be observed in white adipose tissues in the context of obesity) only in the subcutaneous fat depots of the older animals, even at distance from infection. As such, our study confirms and strengthens the most recent data in the literature, which describes a major role of the white adipose tissue in the pathophysiology of COVID-19
Gagneur, Arnaud. "Modes de transmission des coronavirus humains." Brest, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007BRES3210.
Повний текст джерелаCoronaviruses represent a large group of viruses infecting both birds and mammals. Currently, five caronaviruses are known to infect humans: HCoV 229E and 0C43 discovered by Tyrrel and Mc Intosh in the 1960’s; SARS-CoV, identified in 2003 as being responsible for an epidemic of severe acute respiratory syndrome; and HCoV-NL63 and HKU1, newly identified in 2004 and 2005. Their pathogenic role in children has been unclear essentially due to difficulties in virological diagnosis. Molecular biological methods (RT-PCR) offer a new approach to monitoring these infections. Classic RCoV, including HCoV-229E, 0C43 and NL63, are worldwide and circulate during seasonal outbreaks. These viruses are responsible for one-third of common colds in adults and are suspected of being involved in the exacerbation of asthma and bronchiolitis in children. Respiratory viruses are spread by 3 principal mechanisms: (1) through close person-to-person contact via droplets; (2) by air due to inhalation of small particles (
Millet, Jean Kaoru Guillaume. "Host cell susceptibility to human coronavirus infections." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2010. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B44548102.
Повний текст джерелаAn, Sungwhan. "Mechanism of coronavirus transcription /." Digital version accessible at:, 1998. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/utexas/main.
Повний текст джерелаVijay, Rahul. "Prostaglandin regulation of immune responses against coronavirus infections." Diss., University of Iowa, 2016. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/3209.
Повний текст джерелаSaisonkorh, Watcharee. "Epidémiologie et physiopathologie des infections à Bartonella." Aix-Marseille 2, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009AIX20697.
Повний текст джерелаThe genus Bartonella now comprises more than 20 validated species worldwide. Phylogenetically the genus Bartonella is classified in the alpha subgroup of Proteobacteria, closely related to the genus Brucella, Afipia, Agrobacterium, and Rhizobium. Bacteria of the genus Bartonella are facultative intracellular bacteria. In vivo, B. Bacilliformis and B. Quintana may be observed in human red blood cells whereas B. Henselae, B. Clarridgeiae, and B. Koehlerae may be seen erythrocytes of bacteremic cats. Moreover, these bacteria had a remarkable tropism for endothelial cells, leading to angioproliferative lesions (verruga peruana for B. Bacilliformis and bacillary angiomatosis for B. Henselae and B. Quintana). Bartonellosis may affect humans and mammals and are usually transmitted by arthropods (body lice and fleas) from a human or an animal reservoir. Each Bartonella species is well adapted to a specific host from which incidental transmission may occur. The first part of our thesis is an exhaustive review of Bartonellosis that have reported and described in Asia and Australia (Article 1). The specific aims of the second part of this work were: i) to identify and to evaluate antibiotic susceptibility of B. Bovis strains isolated from animals from French Guyana, South America (Article 2); ii) to detect, identify and characterize a new Bartonella species i. E. “Candidatus Bartonella thailandensis” isolated from blood of rodents from Thailand (Article 3); iii) to identify immunodominant proteins using bidimensional gel electrophoresis coupled to MALDI-TOF useful for diagnosis of B. Henselae infections (Article 4); and iv) to sequence and study a conjugative plasmid containing encoding genes for a type IV secretion system detected in a strain of B. Rattaustraliani and showing for the first time a biological evidence of conjugation between intracellular bacteria within amoeba Acanthamoeba polyphaga (Article 5)
Bernard, Louis. "Physiopathologie des infections sur prothèses ostéo-articulaires." Paris 5, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA05D039.
Повний текст джерелаProthesis joint infection (PJI) remains a major problem including patient damage, long-term hospitalization, elevated cost, difficult diagnosis and treatment. The physiopathological elements associate the presence of foreign material, a pathogenic agent and an immune reaction and tissue. Microbiological characteristics such as bacterial virulence, of the mechanisms of protection (slime), regulation (biofilm) and metabolic adaptation (variant microcolonies) are added to this immunizing disturbance. The principal objective of this work was to better understand the physiopathological mechanisms of the PJI, in particular the role of the prosthetic wear (UHMWPE : Ultra Hight Molecular Weight Polyethylene) remains in the neutrophil bacterial activity. Our work shows that the UHMWPE cause a major bactericidal disturb of neutrophil. We also propose, in collaboration with the Biopuces department of the CEA, a innovating method to detect these UHMWPE particles
Lau, Kar-pui Susanna. "Novel coronaviruses associated with human respiratory infections." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2006. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B38279927.
Повний текст джерелаChen, Chun-jen. "Murine coronavirus-induced apoptosis and cell cycle dysregulation." Access restricted to users with UT Austin EID Full text (PDF) from UMI/Dissertation Abstracts International, 2002. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/utexas/fullcit?p3077618.
Повний текст джерелаTrouillet-Assant, Sophie. "Physiopathologie des infections ostéo-articulaires à Staphylococcus aureus." Thesis, Lyon 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LYO10298.
Повний текст джерелаPas de résumé anglais
Cheng, Ka-yeung. "Coronavirus HKU1 and other coronaviruses in respiratory infections in Hong Kong /." View the Table of Contents & Abstract, 2006. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B36357558.
Повний текст джерелаLathrop, Sarah L. "The epidemiology of bovine respiratory coronavirus infections in feedlot cattle/." The Ohio State University, 1999. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1488188894442209.
Повний текст джерелаSmith, Mary Kathryn. "Human coronavirus-receptor interactions /." Connect to full text via ProQuest. Limited to UCD Anschutz Medical Campus, 2008.
Знайти повний текст джерелаTypescript. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 168-210). Free to UCD Anschutz Medical Campus. Online version available via ProQuest Digital Dissertations;
Lee, Paul. "Molecular epidemiology of human coronavirus OC43 in Hong Kong /." View the Table of Contents & Abstract, 2007. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B38348342.
Повний текст джерелаCheng, Ka-yeung, and 鄭家揚. "Coronavirus HKU1 and other coronaviruses in respiratory infections in Hong Kong." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2006. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B45010602.
Повний текст джерелаMaali, Yousef. "Physiopathologie des infections ostéo-articulaires liées aux Staphylococcus non-aureus." Thesis, Lyon, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LYSE1091/document.
Повний текст джерелаBone and joint infections (BJI) include several heterogeneous clinical entities that share the invasion and the progressive destruction of bone and cartilage tissue by one or more microorganisms. The genus Staphylococcus, involved in over 65% of the BJI, represents the first etiology in these particularly severe and difficult-to-treat infections. Staphylococcus non-aureus (SNA), including species such as Staphylococcus epidermidis, are responsible for nearly 40% of some clinical forms, including device-associated BJI. In contrast to S. aureus, for which pathophysiological mechanisms include (i) internalization capacity in host cells and (ii) biofilm formation, few data are available regarding those involved in BJIs due to SNA. In this context, my PhD work focused on characterizing the pathophysiological mechanisms involved in the genesis of BJI caused by different SNA species. Using an in silico together with an in vitro approach conducted in a human osteoblast invasion model, our work revealed an ability to internalize and persist in bone cells for only two species of SNA out of the 17 tested. Indeed, we have been able to demonstrate that only S. pseudintermedius and S. delphini have the ability to invade the cytoplasmic compartment of the host cells. Similar to S. aureus, the cellular invasion process for these species involves a tripartite association between bacterial adhesins fibronectin-binding proteins (FnBPs), fibronectin of the extracellular matrix, and α5β1 cell integrin. Another key point of this work is the demonstration of the highly cytotoxic phenotype of the S. pseudintermedius species after internalization in the host cells. We demonstrate here that this cytotoxicity is, at least in part, mediated by a combined action of (i) the Leukocidin Luk-I (homologous to S. aureus Panton-Valentine Leukocidin) that specifically targets immune cells expressing the CXC chemokine receptor 2 (CXCR2) with (ii) phenol-soluble modulins (PSMs) that disrupt the membranes of immune and non-immune cells. Knowing that SNA are the most incriminated infectious agents in device-associated BJI, a technique for studying biofilm on orthopedic biomaterials (stainless steel, titanium and polyethylene) has been developed to study the mature biofilm formed by the six SNA species with the highest prevalence in BJI (S. epidermidis, S. lugdunensis, S. heamolyticus, S. warneri, S. caprae, S. capitis). With the exception of S. epidermidis, which forms more biofilm on polyethylene (constituting at the interface of metal parts and / or bone in orthopedic prostheses), no significant difference was observed between the three orthopedic biomaterials for all the SNA species tested. The great diversity of phenotypes observed with respect to the pathophysiological mechanisms involved in BJI by the different SNA species tested demonstrates that SNA should not be considered as a single clinical entity. Improved knowledge provided during this work should contribute to the optimization of the surgical management, medical and therapeutic patient
Cremet, Lise. "Physiopathologie des infections ostéo-articulaires sur matériel à Escherichia coli." Nantes, 2015. http://archive.bu.univ-nantes.fr/pollux/show.action?id=476e2187-f5ed-4fe6-a97b-2280632ebd5f.
Повний текст джерелаGram-negative bacilli are involved in 6 to 23% of orthopaedic implant infections (OII), and E. Coli is the first cause of Gram-negative OII. However, the pathogenesis of E. Coli has not been investigated in this context. To better understand if E. Coli strains from OII can be distinguished on the basis of a singular virulence and/or an ability to avoid host innate immune responses, 30 clinical strains isolated in this context were studied. Most of the 30 OII E. Coli showed a high virulence potential, and urinary tract infections and bacteremia represented a common source of implant seeding. Our results highlight the formidable subversive capacities of OII E. Coli against two major components of the innate immunity, i. E. Polymorphonuclear neutrophils and the complement system. Only a few proportion of the strains formed a strong biofilm in our experimental conditions. Furthermore, the OII E. Coli showed low adherence rates to osteoblastic cells and were poorly internalized. The most adherent strains induced IL-6 or TNF-α responses, which were equivalent to those elicited by S. Aureus or P. Aeruginosa strains recovered in the same clinical context. Finally, our study highlighted the high cytolytic potential of the alpha-hemolysin-producing E. Coli strains towards polymorphonuclear neutrophils and osteoblastic cells
Voisin, Mathieu-Benoît. "Immunosuppression et physiopathologie pulmonaire : l'infection aigue͏̈ par Toxoplasma gondii." Tours, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003TOUR3806.
Повний текст джерелаEl-Ghorr, Ali Abdullah. "Investigations into the biology of bovine coronavirus and the infections it causes." Thesis, University of Surrey, 1988. http://epubs.surrey.ac.uk/847401/.
Повний текст джерелаLau, Kar-pui Susanna, and 劉嘉珮. "Novel coronaviruses associated with human respiratory infections." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2006. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B38279927.
Повний текст джерелаChow, Chun-kin. "Suppressor of cytokine signaling (SOCS 3) induction in SARS coronavirus infected cells." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2009. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B42925150.
Повний текст джерелаMok, Ka-yi, and 莫嘉怡. "Antiviral activity of mycophenolic acid against influenza viruses and MERS coronavirus." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10722/208557.
Повний текст джерелаLe, Berre Rozenn. "Physiopathologie et rôle des facteurs de virulence dans la pneumonie à Pseudomonas aeruginosa." Aix-Marseille 2, 2007. http://theses.univ-amu.fr.lama.univ-amu.fr/2007AIX20681.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаP. Aeruginosa ventilator-acquired pneumonia is associated with a 40% mortality rate. Physiopathologic mechanisms related to virulence factors are major determinants to optimize new therapies. In a rat P. Aeruginosa pneumonia model, by using a broad spectrum caspase inhibitor, we showed an association between lung apoptosis and lung fluid balance. With the same model, we demonstrated that the type III secretion system (TTSS) has a major role in acute lung injury and in alveolar polymorphonuclear neutrophils decrease. We analysed the virulence factors (TTSS, lipopolysaccharide and quorum sensing (elastase and pyocyanine)) of 56 P. Aeruginosa pathogenic strains from critically ill patient with ventilator acquired pneumonia. TTSS exotoxins and elastase play a major role in murine pneumonia virulence. Thus, therapies targeting virulence factors or host response are promising
Boublil, Laurence Yae͏̈l. "Maladie ulcéreuse : physiopathologie, traitements ; rôle d'hélicobacter pylori." Paris 5, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA05P006.
Повний текст джерелаGóes, Luiz Gustavo Bentim. "Caracterização molecular de coronavírus humano - HCoV, circulantes no município de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brasil." Universidade de São Paulo, 2012. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/87/87131/tde-26112012-094603/.
Повний текст джерелаAcute respiratory infections (ARI) are the most common infectious diseases in humans and respiratory viruses are the most frequent agents in the etiology of the same. The human coronaviruses (HCoVs) are recognized as a common cause of upper respiratory tract infections and, less commonly, lower respiratory tract. Data from the occurrence of HCoV in the Brazilian population are scarce, despite the high incidence of respiratory infections during the winter. This study aims to evaluate the occurrence of HCoV in children affected by acute respiratory infections treated at University Hospital of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo-SP, between the periods 1995 to 2008. Samples of cDNA were screened by Real Time PCR for detection of the four types of coronavirus. Positive samples were used in standard PCR assay and subsequently typed by sequencing. Samples positive by Real Time but negative by standard PCR assay were typed by specific Nested PCR and Real-Time for each type of HCoV. Four hundred and ten samples were positive by Real Time PCR assay, and the occurrence of coronaviruses in our samples of 8.94%. Two hundred and ninety eight were typed, the type OC43 being the most frequent, followed by the recently discovered types, NL63 ; HKU1 and HCoV-229E.
Chow, Chun-kin, and 周俊健. "Suppressor of cytokine signaling (SOCS 3) induction in SARS coronavirus infected cells." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2009. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B42925150.
Повний текст джерелаLee, Paul, and 李保羅. "Molecular epidemiology of human coronavirus OC43 in Hong Kong." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2007. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B4501128X.
Повний текст джерелаAttalah, Nacef Habiba Lynda Delclaux Christophe. "Physiopathologie des modifications des défenses innées pulmonaires après agression." Créteil : Université de Paris-Val-de-Marne, 2003. http://doxa.scd.univ-paris12.fr:80/theses/th0211094.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаAttalah, Nacef Habiba Lynda. "Physiopathologie des modifications des défenses innées pulmonaires après agression." Paris 12, 2003. https://athena.u-pec.fr/primo-explore/search?query=any,exact,990002110940204611&vid=upec.
Повний текст джерелаBatah, Jameel. "étude du Rôle des flagelles dans la physiopathologie des infections à Clostridium difficile." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016SACLS372.
Повний текст джерелаClostridium difficile (CD) is the most common enteropathogen responsible for intestinal nosocomial post-antibiotic infections. The appearance of severe cases related to the emergence of hypervirulent strains these last years has contributed to increased mortality and morbidity. The CD TcdA and TcdB toxins contribute directly to CD infection (CDI)-associated lesions of the gut, but other bacterial factors are needed for the bacteria to adhere and colonize the gut. The CD flagella, which confer motility and chemotaxis for successful intestinal colonization, could play an additional role in bacterial pathogenesis by contributing to the inflammatory response of the host and mucosal injury. Indeed, by activating the TLR5, flagella can elicit activation of the MAPK and NF-κB cascades of cell signaling, leading to the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Our objective was to study the potential role of CD flagella in vitro and in vivo. We reported that the interaction of CD flagellin-TLR5 predominantly activates the NF-κB, and, in a lesser degree, the MAPKs pathways, thus leading to up-regulation of pro-inflammatory gene expression and subsequent synthesis of pro-inflammatory mediators. Moreover, by using a mouse model of CDI, we demonstrated a synergic effect of flagella and toxins in eliciting an inflammatory mucosal response. In this model, the absence of flagella dramatically decreased the degree of mucosal inflammation in mice and the sole presence of toxins without flagella was not enough to elicit epithelial lesions. These results highlight the important role of CD flagella in eliciting mucosal lesions as long as the toxins exert their action on the epithelium
Li, Kam-bun Keith. "Experimental characterization of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus spike protein and angiotensin converting enzyme 2 towards the viral infection /." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2008. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B39707489.
Повний текст джерелаHebben, Matthias. "Étude de deux vecteurs d'expression endogène dans le cadre de la vaccination contre les coronavirus félins." Nice, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001NICE5694.
Повний текст джерелаFeline Coronaviruses (FCoVs) are responsible of a lethal infectious peritonitis (FIP) or a mild enteric infection in the cat. The etiologic agents of these pathologies are respectively FIPV and FECV. Both viruses are strongly related : FIPV is a pathogenic mutant of FECV and appears sporadically in FECV carriers. Vaccination against FIPV is problematic due to an antibody-dependent enhancement of the disease. However, a membrane antigen (the M protein) is partially protective when expressed by recombinant viruses. In our studies, this antigen was presented by two endogenous expression systems : plasmid DNA and the Poxvirus MVA. This recombinant vectors were not protective against a lethal challenge in the cat model. Our candidate vaccines were consequently modified in order to ameliorate the antigen presentation : insertion of the FCoV E gene and thus co-expression of M and E proteins induce the release of Coronavirus-like particles. Because the partial protection against a lethal challenge was not reproducible, we developed a novel model of experimental infection? This aims at resembling the natural conditions of an FCoV infection. This new challenge with FECV showed a positive activity of the vaccination with the virus-like particles-expressing vectors. The protective effect of the M protein alone is not validated, but the virus-like particles presentation offers new prospect to vaccinate against the FCoVs
Sestak, Karol. "Transmissible Gastroenteritis Virus : development of prophylactics and diagnostics for differentiation from Porcine Respiratory Coronavirus Infections /." The Ohio State University, 1999. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1488187049543368.
Повний текст джерелаLevavasseur, Etienne. "Physiopathologie de la tremblante naturelle et expérimentale : neuroinvasion et activation gliale." Tours, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003TOUR4019.
Повний текст джерелаFavereaux, Alexandre. "Etude protéomique du système nerveux périphérique dans les neuropathies autoimmunes démyélinisantes et les maladies à prion." Bordeaux 2, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003BOR21027.
Повний текст джерелаThis is a proteomic study of the peripheral nervous system (PNS) in two pathological conditions : autoimmune demyelinating neuropathies and prion diseases. We searched for novel antigenic targets, by western-blot analysis, in sera from patients with auto-immune demyelinating neuropathies. Then, we identified these novel antigens by purification and sequencing methods as electro-elution, N-terminal microsequencing and mass spectrometry; On the other hand, we detected prion protein accumulation in the PNS from patients with sporadic Creutzfeld-Jakob disease, by immunohistochemistry and western-blot analysis. We showed that a P0 dimer and a 35 kDa P0-like protein are antigenic targets in some autoimmune demyelinating neuropathies. Besides, we evidenced the protease resistant isoform of the prion protein (PrPsc) in the PNS of some sporadic Creutzfeld-Jakob disease
Li, Kam-bun Keith, and 李錦彬. "Experimental characterization of the severe acute respiratory syndromecoronavirus spike protein and angiotensin: converting enzyme 2 towards the viral infection." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2008. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B39707489.
Повний текст джерелаBelarbi, Essia. "Etude de la physiopathologie des infections à alphavirus arthritogènes par une approche d’imagerie in vivo." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017SACLS073.
Повний текст джерелаRoss River virus (RRV) and chikungunya virus (CHIKV) are mosquito-transmitted viruses that cause musculoskeletal inflammatory diseases in humans. They are widely distributed and periodically cause explosive epidemics. After infection with RRV, patients experience fever, maculopapular rash, myalgia and intense pain in the peripheral joints. Approximately 30% of patients develop a chronic form of the disease with myalgia and poly-arthralgia persisting for months to years after infection. The mechanisms underlying these persistent symptoms remain unclear. To study the dynamics and pathogenesis of RRV infection in vitro and in living animals, we generated a recombinant virus expressing a novel small and bright luciferase. First we showed that human monocytes, despite a low susceptibility to RRV infection, were able to maintain viral replication in vitro up to 45 days post infection. Then, using a murine model of RRV infection, we monitored the acute and chronic phases of the disease. We observed near native replication kinetics and a muscular/articular tropism after infection with our recombinant virus. Moreover, the bioluminescent signal correlated with the viral load further confirming the relevance of this new imaging model. After monitoring of the viral dissemination in live mice, we showed that Bindarit, an anti-inflammatory molecule known to prevent the development of the alphaviral disease in a mouse model, induces a higher replication in the cardiac tissue; thereby indicating that caution must be used before treatment of patients. We were also able to observe viral replication in the muscles during the chronic stage of the disease when using a low inoculation dose. Finally, following an immunosuppressive treatment, we observed a slight increase in the bioluminescent signal indicating a control of remnant viral replication by the adaptive immune response. This new model provides a non-invasive real-time assessment of viral replication and dissemination allowing pathogenesis studies and therapeutic strategies evaluation
Cordier-Dirikoc, Sevda. "Rôle des cellules immunitaires et effets des cannabinoïdes dans la physiopathologie des maladies à prions." Nice, 2008. https://theses.hal.science/tel-00317568.
Повний текст джерелаThe key event in prion diseases is the conversion of the cellular prion protein (PrPc) into a pathological and proteolysis-resistant isoform, named PrPres. PrPres is responsible for both neuropathogenesis and transmissibility of the disease. The search for molecules able to inhibit its formation in the brain is potentially a therapeutic strategy. Cannabidiol, a non psycho-active component of Cannabis Sativa, inhibits PrPres formation in vitro and in vivo and significantly prolongs the survival time of prion-infected mice. Numerous studies suggest the involvement of immune cells in the uptake and transport of PrPres. Using a transgenic mouse model of transient depletion of dendritic cells, we demonstrated the involvement of these cells in the lymphoinvasion process after intra-peritoneal but not oral infection. The physiological functions of the PrPc are poorly understood, particularly in the immune system. Finding its partners could shed light on the role of PrPc. Fluorescent probes made of recombinant PrP were produced and used to characterize the PrPc binding sites in murine splenoctytes. The binding of tracers onto B lymphocytes resulted in the activation of the MAP kinase pathway and the transient elevation of intracellular calcium concentration demonstrating the functionality of the binding. The physiological role of these interactions and the molecular nature of PrPc receptors remain to be determined
Kwan, See-wai Grace, and 關詩慧. "Detection of human coronavirus infections by reverse transcription PCRin children hospitalized with respiratory disease in Hong Kong." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2005. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B45010109.
Повний текст джерелаKlug, Didier. "Les infections sur les sondes endocavitaires de stimulation cardiaque permanente : de la physiopathologie à la clinique." Lille 2, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003LIL2MT24.
Повний текст джерела1. In the first part, some new diagnostic criteria for pacemaker-related (PM) infection have been proposed based on a retrospective study on 52 patients. These criteria have been validated in 2 studies derived from a prospective cohort. A- The significance of cutaneous symptoms at PM implantation site was studied by the lead cultures in 132 patients. Colonisation of the leads in 90% of cases indicated that these complications had an infectious origin. Thus, these signs are to be considered as major criteria for the diagnosis of PM-related infection. B- The value of various bacteriological tests has been evaluated in 254 patients hospitalised for suspicion of PM-related infection. Blood cultures were positive in only 18% of the patients allowing the identification of the responsible bacteria within 91% of cases. More than 90 % of the leads were colonized on their full length, and 25% with several bacteria. The lead culture results were not influenced by the clinical presentation. These results were in favour of a common mechanism of infection and showed that several lead segments should be cultured in common practice. 2. In a second part, the prevalence of this complication has been retrospectively defined in 4,476 patients. Young patients with several PM implantations throughout their follow-up had a higher prevalence of infection than the rest of the population (5. 5% versus 1. 25%, p<0. 01). 3. In the third part, the importance of biofilm formation in this pathology has been studied. Strains of S. Epidermidis involved in PM related-infection were comparable to strains involved in catheter infections for the genes involved in the attachment (fbe and atlE) but were comparable to saprophytic strains for the genes ica involved in adhesion
Kwan, See-wai Grace. "Detection of human coronavirus infections by reverse transcription PCR in children hospitalized with respiratory disease in Hong Kong /." View the Table of Contents & Abstract, 2005. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B31494274.
Повний текст джерелаRajabimoghaddam, Bidokhti Mehdi. "A study of bovine coronavirus (BCV) and bovine respiratory syncytial virus (BRSV) infections in dairy herds in Sweden /." Uppsala : Department of Clinical Sciences, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 2008. http://epsilon.slu.se/10718972.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаKorngold, Caleb Bosler. "Febrile Infants and Common Respiratory Viruses: Epidemiology and Clinical Implications." Yale University, 2009. http://ymtdl.med.yale.edu/theses/available/etd-03062009-075645/.
Повний текст джерелаDEREUDDRE, BOSQUET NATHALIE. "Physiopathologie et approches therapeutiques experimentales des infections lentivirales : role de l'interleukine-10 et des interferons de type 1." Paris, Institut national d'agronomie de Paris Grignon, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999INAP0041.
Повний текст джерелаMichel, Philippe. "Éléments d'épidémiologie et de physiopathologie de deux rétrovirus humains endémiques en Afrique de l'Ouest : VIH-2 et HTLV-I." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998GRE19010.
Повний текст джерелаNevers, Quentin. "Développement d'une nouvelle famille d'inhibiteurs de cyclophilines à large spectre antiviral et étude de leurs mécanismes d'action dans les infections par le Virus de l'Hépatite C et les Coronavirus." Thesis, Paris Est, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PESC0013/document.
Повний текст джерелаOver the past decades, an increasing number of viruses has emerged or re-emerged in humans. Unfortunately, currently approved antiviral drugs target a small set of viruses. Thus, there is an urgent need for the development of broad-spectrum antiviral drugs.Cyclophilins are cellular proteins involved in a large number of biological processes, and in different viral lifecycles from unrelated families. They appear as a potential target for the development of broad-spectrum antiviral approaches. However, currently available cyclophilin inhibitors have drawbacks which limit their clinical use.By means of "fragment-based drug design", we generated a new class of small-molecule cyclophilin inhibitors (SMCypI), unrelated with those already available. Cristallographic studies revealed that the SMCypIs bind to two close pockets of the active site and inhibit cyclophilin PPIase activity. These compounds do not bear immunosuppressive properties and inhibit the replication of HIV, HCV and coronaviruses in vitro.We characterized the anti-HCV activity of C31, the most potent inhibitor of cyclophilin PPIase activity. C31 had pan-genotypic HCV inhibitor properties, with a high barrier to resistance and additive effects with currently approved anti-HCV agents. C31 blocked HCV replication by disrupting the interaction between the nonstructural viral protein NS5A and cyclophilin A in a PPIase-dependent manner. Finally, C31 was active on zika, yellow fever, dengue and West-Nile virus infections.The antiviral activity of the SMCypIs has then been characterized on HCoV-229E infection. Interestingly, PPIase inhibition was necessary, but not sufficient for antiviral effect. A structure-activity relationship study identified a key moiety in the SMCypIs at the interface between the two cyclophilin pockets. F836 has been identified as the most potent compound which inhibited both the cytopathic effect and the intracellular RNA of HCoV-229E without associated cytotoxicity and as potently as alisporivir. This compound targeted HCoV-229E entry at a post-attachment step and was also active on HCoV-OC43 and MERS-CoV strains. We then demonstrated that cyclophilin A was associated with viral particles. By means of CRISPR-Cas9, cell lines depleted for cyclophilin A were generated. Cyclophilin A was identified as a proviral factor for HCoV-229E and was partially involved in F836 antiviral effect. Cyclophilin A expression level was drastically decreased by infection.SMCypIs represent a unique tool to decipher the cellular and molecular mechanisms by which cyclophilins interfere with viral lifecycles, as well as drugable compounds that could find an indication as broad-spectrum antiviral drugs
Pinedo-Torres, Isabel, Magaly Flores-Fernández, Marlon Yovera-Aldana, Claudia Gutierrez-Ortiz, Paolo Zegarra-Lizana, Claudio Intimayta-Escalante, Cristian Moran-Mariños, Carlos Alva-Diaz, and Kevin Pacheco-Barrios. "Prevalence of Diabetes Mellitus and Its Associated Unfavorable Outcomes in Patients With Acute Respiratory Syndromes Due to Coronaviruses Infection: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis." SAGE Publications Ltd, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/655591.
Повний текст джерелаRevisión por pares
Lucar, Olivier. "Implication des cellules Natural Killer dans la physiopathologie des infections chroniques VIH et VHC : application à des stratégies thérapeutiques." Thesis, Paris 6, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA066471/document.
Повний текст джерелаHuman Immunodeficiency and Hepatitis C (HIV and HCV) chronic infections are at the origin of pandemics. Despite advance drug treatments, their relationship with the immune system is not resolved and is still required to establish new therapeutic strategies. Natural Killer (NK) cells are major antiviral effectors of the immune system and are important for innate and adaptive immune processes. They mediate cytotoxicity and immunoregulation via various activator and inhibitor receptors that are triggered upon interaction with their cognate ligands. Among all receptors, I particularly took an interest in Natural Cytotoxicity Receptors NKp30 and NKp44. Interestingly, the lab previously identified a conserved HIV-1 gp41 épitope that induce expression of NKp44 ligand on CD4+ T cells making them susceptible to lyses by NK-NKp44+ cells. After various studies, the lab established a vaccine strategy based on a peptide from the conserved gp41 épitope that induced in mice Neutralizing Antibodies (Nab W614A-3S) against HIV-1 infection. Whereas HIV-2 infection could be considered as a HIV control infection unique model, data on NK cells are very limited. We found a down-modulation of NKp30 receptor and an increased of its ligands that lead to functional impairments of NK cells and could represent a new viral persistence mechanism. Then, during the HCV chronic infection we found a high proportion of intrahepatic NK cells expressing NKp44 that correlates with fibrosis and viral load. Furthermore we identified a conserved épitope of HCV core protein that induced NKp44 ligand on hepatic cell lines. These data suggest that destruction of hepatocyte might occur by a similar mechanism observed during HIV-1 infection. Finally, a study on HIV-1 controllers patients allow us to identify the presence of Nab W614A-3S that correlates with viral control and the preservation of functional CD4+ T cells. These data confirm the potency of this Nab and their induction by vaccination has been also confirmed in rabbit and macaques. Thus, these studies highlight new data regarding relationship between NK cells and HIV or HCV that could represent new therapeutic approaches. These studies especially confirm the potency of Nab W614A-3S to implement a vaccine against HIV-1
Legastelois, Isabelle. "Rôle des cytokines proinflammatoires dans la physiopathologie pulmonaire due à l'infection par le lentivirus Visna-Maedi chez le mouton." Lyon 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997LYO1T018.
Повний текст джерелаBurucoa, Christophe. "Caracterisation de deux proteines d'enveloppe de Campylobacter jejuni impliquees dans l'adherence aux cellules humaines." Poitiers, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998POITA001.
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