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Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 15 червня 2024

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1

Wilson, Brigid M., Federico Perez, Qing Pan, Yunyun Jiang, Scott R. Evans, and Robert A. Bonomo. "Acinetobacter Infections." Clinical Infectious Diseases 71, no. 5 (November 17, 2019): 1357–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciz1099.

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2

Snoeck, R., and E. De Clercq. "La chimiothérapie des infections a cytomégalovirus." Médecine et Maladies Infectieuses 18 (March 1988): 79–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0399-077x(88)80102-1.

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3

Özgür, Özlem, and Necmi Aksaray. "Acinetobacter Infections and Treatment." Journal of Pediatric Infection 8, no. 1 (March 17, 2014): 28–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.5152/ced.2013.38.

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4

Joly-Guillou, M. L. "Acinetobacter et infections nosocomiales." Revue Française des Laboratoires 2002, no. 345 (September 2002): 14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0338-9898(02)80247-5.

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5

Falagas, M. E., E. A. Karveli, I. Kelesidis, and T. Kelesidis. "Community-acquired Acinetobacter infections." European Journal of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases 26, no. 12 (August 16, 2007): 857–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10096-007-0365-6.

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6

Garnacho-Montero, José, and Jean-François Timsit. "Managing Acinetobacter baumannii infections." Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases 32, no. 1 (February 2019): 69–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/qco.0000000000000518.

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7

Bergogne-Bérézin, E. "Treatment of Acinetobacter infections." Expert Opinion on Investigational Drugs 6, no. 2 (February 1997): 119–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1517/13543784.6.2.119.

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8

Miah, Md Ruhul Amin. "Acinetobacter baumannii Hospital Acquired Infections." Bangladesh Journal of Medical Microbiology 13, no. 1 (January 10, 2019): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjmm.v13i1.51778.

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9

Fleming, Irma D., Monika A. Krezalek, Natalia Belogortseva, Alexander Zaborin, Jennifer Defazio, Laxmipradha Chandrasekar, Luis A. Actis, Olga Zaborina, and John C. Alverdy. "Modeling Acinetobacter baumannii wound infections." Journal of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery 82, no. 3 (March 2017): 557–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/ta.0000000000001338.

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10

Levin, Anna S. "Treatment of Acinetobacter spp. infections." Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy 4, no. 8 (August 2003): 1289–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1517/14656566.4.8.1289.

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11

Abbott, Iain J., and Anton Y. Peleg. "Acinetobacter baumannii and hospital infections." Microbiology Australia 35, no. 1 (2014): 54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ma14015.

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12

HIRAKATA, Yoichi. "Acinetobacter spp. Infections." Kansenshogaku Zasshi 85, no. 4 (2011): 340–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.11150/kansenshogakuzasshi.85.340.

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13

de Benedictis, Fernando Maria, Patrizia Osimani, and Carmelo Gabriele. "Acinetobacter baumannii infections in children." Lancet Infectious Diseases 10, no. 3 (March 2010): 143–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1473-3099(10)70030-x.

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14

Grundmann, H. "Acinetobacter; microbiology, epidemiology, infections, management." Journal of Hospital Infection 40, no. 1 (September 1998): 83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0195-6701(98)90031-7.

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15

Joly-Guillou, M. L., J. P. Sollet, C. Varache, and E. Bergogne-Berezin. "Infections dues à Acinetobacter baumannii." Médecine et Maladies Infectieuses 23 (October 1993): 67–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0399-077x(05)80517-7.

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16

Bergogne-Bérézin, E. "Acinetobacter infections: Unusual infection sites." Antibiotiques 10, no. 2 (May 2008): 81–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.antib.2007.12.009.

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17

Ingrand, Didier. "Chimiothérapie des infections à CMV et résistance aux antiviraux." Revue Française des Laboratoires 2002, no. 345 (September 2002): 57–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0338-9898(02)80266-9.

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18

Salmanov, A. G., O. M. Verner, and L. F. Slepova. "Epidemiology and antimicrobial resistance of Acinetobacter." International Journal of Antibiotics and Probiotics 2, no. 4 (December 27, 2018): 46–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.31405/ijap.4-5.18.05.

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Анотація:

Species of the Acinetobacter represent opportunistic bacteria with a growing clinical significance for Healthcare-associated infections (HAIs). In this literature review, we focus on the current role of Acinetobacter in infectious pathology and describe taxonomy, pathogenicity, and antibiotic resistance of these bacteria. Pathogenesis and regulation of virulence factors in Acinetobacter spp. are described in detail. The majority of acinetobacterial infections are associated with A. baumannii and occur predominantly in an immunocompromised host. Usually, acinetobacterial infections are characterized by local purulent inflammation; in severe cases, meningitis and sepsis may develop. Antibiotic resistance of Acinetobacter is a major clinical problem; therefore we give special attention to laboratory testing of resistance to antibiotics as well as identification of Acinetobacter.

19

Ali, Sana. "Acinetobacter infections: Overview and treatment dilemma." CHRISMED Journal of Health and Research 7, no. 1 (2020): 30. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/cjhr.cjhr_30_19.

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20

Rello, Jordi. "Acinetobacter baumannii Infections in the ICU." Chest 115, no. 5 (May 1999): 1226–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1378/chest.115.5.1226.

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21

Kucukler, E. "Risk factors of Acinetobacter baumannii infections." International Journal of Infectious Diseases 21 (April 2014): 420. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2014.03.1287.

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22

Baral, Shankar, Anjila Pokharel, Supram Hosuru Subramanya, and Niranjan Nayak. "Clinico-epidemiological profile of Acinetobacter and Pseudomonas infections, and their antibiotic resistant pattern in a tertiary care center, Western Nepal." Nepal Journal of Epidemiology 9, no. 4 (December 31, 2019): 804–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/nje.v9i4.26962.

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Background: Infections caused by Acinetobacter species and Pseudomonas species, especially multidrug-resistant (MDR) strains pose a serious management challenge with a public health threat. Materials and Methods: A hospital-based retrospective study of patients who were infected with Acinetobacter spp or Pseudomonas aeruginosa was carried out at Manipal Teaching Hospital from 2014 to 2016. Results: A total of 170 cases of infections with Acinetobacter spp. and 313 cases with Pseudomonas aeruginosa were studied. The rate of nosocomial infections was higher than non-nosocomial infections. ICU was found as the major hub for both the organisms; (53.5% of cases due to Acinetobacter spp. and 39.6% due to Pseudomonas aeruginosa). Most isolates were of respiratory tract origin (Acinetobacter 74.7% and Pseudomonas aeruginosa 65.8%). Percentage resistance of Acinetobacter spp. towards polymyxin B was found to be quite low (18.8%). Similarly, resistance rates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa against amikacin were also found to be low, i.e., 17.4%. A higher prevalence of multidrug resistance was seen among Acinetobacter spp than among Pseudomonas aeruginosa (75.9% vs. 60.1%). The hospital stay was longer for patients infected with MDR isolate (p=0.001 for Acinetobacter spp. and p=0.003 for Pseudomonas aeruginosa). The mortality rate was higher in infections due to Acinetobacter spp (15.9%) as compared to Pseudomonas aeruginosa (8.3%). Conclusion: These clinico-epidemiological data will help to implement better infection control strategies. Developing a local antibiogram database will improve the knowledge of antimicrobial resistance patterns in our region, facilitating the treating physician in advocating empiric therapy if need be.

23

Brandão, Rafael Augusto Castro Santiago, Moises Heleno Vieira Braga, Lucas Alverne Freitas De Albuquerque, Paulo Pereira Christo, Marcello Penholate Faria, and Baltazar Leão Reis. "Multiresistant Acinetobacter baumannii ventriculitis." JBNC - JORNAL BRASILEIRO DE NEUROCIRURGIA 23, no. 2 (March 28, 2018): 172–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.22290/jbnc.v23i2.1173.

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Among Gram-negative bacteria, Acinetobacter sp. has become an important nosocomial pathogen due to the increase in the number of multiresistant strains, and this species is responsible for a growing number of postoperative infections with a high mortality rate. The occurrence of multiresistant Gram-negative bacteria has led to an increase in the number of central nervous system infections and the occurrence of bacteria resistant to fourth-generation cephalosporins and carbapenems resulted in a significant reduction of therapeutic options for the treatment of these infections. Acinetobacter baumannii is an important nosocomial agent and its resistance to antibiotic has improved over the time and the occurrence of carbapenems and fourth generation cephalosporins resistant strains is a serious threaten to infected patients. We describe a case of a multi-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii resistant to fourth-generation cephalosporins and meropenem, after a neurosurgical procedure.

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H., Sanjeev, Swathi N., Asha Pai, Rekha R., Vimal K., and Ganesh H. R. "SYSTEMATIC REVIEW OF URINARY TRACT INFECTION CAUSED BY ACINETOBACTER SPECIES AMONG HOSPITALISED PATIENTS." Journal of Health and Allied Sciences NU 03, no. 04 (December 2013): 007–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0040-1703693.

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Abstract Introduction:Acinetobacter species have emerged as important nosocomial pathogens and have been known to cause different kinds of opportunistic infections. Acinetobacter species cause a wide variety of illness in debilitated and hospitalized patients especially in intensive care units (ICU). Because of frequent resistance to aminoglycoside's, fluoroquinolone's, ureidopenicillin's and third generation cephalosporin's, carbapenem are important agents in managing Acinetobacter infections. Material and Methods: A systematic retrospective analysis was performed on culture positive urinary tract infections among hospitalized patients between January 2010-December 2012. Significant isolates of Acinetobacter species were included in the study and was further analyzed for antimicrobial susceptibility, associated risk factors, underlying debility and co-morbid conditions. Results:Among the 2240 culture positive samples, Acinetobacter species was isolated from 46 patients with UTI. Tigecyline was found to be the antibiotic with highest susceptibility (91%) followed by Imipenem(69.5%), Meropenem (67.3%) and Gatilfoxacin (63%). The six patients who expired had disseminated infection with highly resistant strains of Acinetobacter species. Mechanical ventilation was the predominant risk factor for severe and disseminated infection. Conclusion:Acinetobacter infections are associated with high morbidity and mortality. Multidrug resistant Acinetobacter are common in hospitals, especially in ICU's. A feasible hospital antibiotic policy and strict adherence to it, rigorous surveillance and good hospital infection control programme is needed to control the increasing incidence of highly resistant Acinetobacter infections.

25

Khawaja, Aneela, Faiqa Arshad, and Sadaf Aleem. "ACINETOBACTER SPECIES." Professional Medical Journal 25, no. 12 (December 8, 2018): 1949–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.29309/tpmj/18.4723.

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Introduction: The genetic competencies of bacteria and the resistance have been impeding the usefulness of antibiotic therapy. There has been an alarming increase in the infections caused by Acinetobacter spp. especially the multidrug resistance pattern has narrowed the therapeutic ranges. Objectives: To determine the prevalence and antibiotic sensitivity pattern of Acinetobacter spp., among clinical specimens of tertiary care hospital.Study Design: Descriptive study. Place & Duration of Study: Pathology Department, PGMI, from January 2015 to December 2015. Materials & Methods: Total 8465 clinical specimens were inoculated. Acinetobacter spp. was identified and isolated by the preliminary microbiological and biochemical tests. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was implemented by modified Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method as per CLSI guidelines (2015). Results: Acinetobacter spp. isolated in 234 (7.29%) clinical specimens among 3208 (37.89%) culture positive isolates. Out of total 234 Acinetobacter spp. isolates 144 (61.54%) were recovered from male patients and 90 (38.46%) from female patients. the frequency of Acinetobacter spp. isolates was seen highest in CSF (23.07%) and lowest in HVS (5.52%) specimens. Maximum samples were recovered from surgical wards 85 (36.32%), while from pediatrics department only 20 (8.54%) samples. Only, 140 (59.82%) isolates were sensitive to tigecycline; while 216 isolates were (92.30%) resistant to salbactam. Conclusion: The progressively increasing threat of Acinetobacter resistant infections can be minimized by judicial use of antibiotics, and implementation of strict infection control policy in health care settings.

26

PORTER, K. A., J. RHODES, S. DEJSIRILERT, S. HENCHAICHON, D. SILUDJAI, S. THAMTHITIWAT, P. PRAPASIRI, et al. "Acinetobacter bacteraemia in Thailand: evidence for infections outside the hospital setting." Epidemiology and Infection 142, no. 6 (September 4, 2013): 1317–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0950268813002082.

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SUMMARYAcinetobacter is a well-recognized nosocomial pathogen. Previous reports of community-associated Acinetobacter infections have lacked clear case definitions and assessment of healthcare-associated (HCA) risk factors. We identified Acinetobacter bacteraemia cases from blood cultures obtained <3 days after hospitalization in rural Thailand and performed medical record reviews to assess HCA risk factors in the previous year and compare clinical and microbiological characteristics between cases with and without HCA risk factors. Of 72 Acinetobacter cases, 32 (44%) had no HCA risk factors. Compared to HCA infections, non-HCA infections were more often caused by Acinetobacter species other than calcoaceticus–baumannii complex species and by antibiotic-susceptible organisms. Despite similar symptoms, the case-fatality proportion was lower in non-HCA than HCA cases (9% vs. 45%, P < 0·01). Clinicians should be aware of Acinetobacter as a potential cause of community-associated infections in Thailand; prospective studies are needed to improve understanding of associated risk factors and disease burden.

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Baliga, Shrikala, Prerna Khurana, Suchitra Shenoy, and Prasanna Mithra. "A RISING THREAT – RISK FACTORS AND OUTCOMES RELATED TO INFECTIONS WITH ACINETOBACTER SPECIES." Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research 10, no. 3 (March 1, 2017): 108. http://dx.doi.org/10.22159/ajpcr.2017.v10i3.15364.

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ABSTRACTObjective: Acinetobacter species is an important cause of community as well as nosocomial infections with a high mortality rate. The study was doneto analyze the risk factors associated with Acinetobacter infections and their outcomes.Methods: The clinical details of 100 patients having infections with Acinetobacter species over a period of 1-year were analyzed for underlying riskfactors and outcomes. The antibiotic sensitivity results were interpreted according to the Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute guidelines.Results: Majority of the infections caused by the Acinetobacter species were lower respiratory tract infections, most common being ventilatorassociatedpneumonia. 47% of the isolates were multi drug resistant and 26% were extensively drug resistant. There is a significant chance of drugresistance and a poor outcome with intensive care unit (ICU) stay, prolonged hospital stay of more than 7 days, the presence of 5 or more risk factors.Endotracheal intubation and mechanical ventilation were the risk factors for increased drug resistance in the ICU. Drug resistance was also seen morefrequently in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, chronic kidney disease, and patients on post-operative care.Conclusion: The steady increase in drug resistant Acinetobacter species and limited antibiotics available advocates an uncompromising approachtoward infection control and a judicious use of antibiotics especially in the ICU. An understanding about the risk factors helps in the appropriateapproach and management of the patient.Keywords: Acinetobacter, Risk factors, Invasive procedures, Nosocomial.

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Bhat, Sevitha, and Sridevi Shridhar. "CLINICOMICROBIOLOGICAL STUDY OF INFECTIONS CAUSED BY ACINETOBACTER SPECIES." Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research 10, no. 4 (April 1, 2017): 223. http://dx.doi.org/10.22159/ajpcr.2017.v10i4.16596.

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To study the rate of isolation of Acinetobacter species, its antibiogram and associated risk factors.Materials and Methods:Retrospective time bound study for a period of 6 months. The study included 191 consecutive clinical significant isolates of Acinetobacter species isolated from various specimens. The identification and antibiotic susceptibility testing by modified Kirby Bauer and Vitek Compact system 2.Results and Discussion:Maximum isolation of Acinetobacter species was from Suction Tip (31.94%), sputum (19.89%), urine (14.66%), blood (10.47%) and others. The species was most sensitive to Colistin (97.87%) and Polymixin B (99.43%). The species was most resistant to Imipenem (72.62%) and Gentamicin (66.66%). The common risk factors were invasive procedure, duration of ICU stay and malignancies.Conclusion:Acinetobacter has emerged as a major nosocomial pathogen. Antibiotic resistance is on rise. Proper antibiotic stewardship is required. This study will help in better infection control strategies and improve antibiotic resistance pattern in this region.Key words :Acinetobacter spp., Antibiotic resistance

29

Qian, Zhenhua, Shufang Zhang, Na Li, Weixing Ma, Kai Zhang, Feizhen Song, Cheng Zheng, et al. "Risk Factors for and Clinical Outcomes of Polymicrobial Acinetobacter baumannii Bloodstream Infections." BioMed Research International 2022 (February 27, 2022): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/5122085.

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Background. Although the clinical features of Acinetobacter baumannii bloodstream infection are well described, the specific clinical characteristics of polymicrobial Acinetobacter baumannii bloodstream infection have been rarely reported. The objective of this study was to examine the risk factors for and clinical outcomes of polymicrobial Acinetobacter baumannii bloodstream infection. Methods. A retrospective observational study was performed from January 2013 to December 2018 in a tertiary hospital. All patients with Acinetobacter baumannii bloodstream infection were enrolled, and the data were collected from the electronic medical records. Results. A total of 594 patients were included, 21% (126/594) of whom had polymicrobial infection. The most common copathogen was Klebsiella pneumoniae (20.81%), followed by Pseudomonas aeruginosa (16.78%) and Enterococcus faecium (12.08%). Compared with monomicrobial Acinetobacter baumannii bloodstream infection, polymicrobial Acinetobacter baumannii bloodstream infection mostly originated from the skin and soft tissue (28.6% vs. 10.5%, p < 0.001 ). Multivariate analysis revealed that burn injury was independently associated with polymicrobial Acinetobacter baumannii bloodstream infection (adjusted odds ratio, 3.569; 95% confidence interval, 1.954-6.516). Patients with polymicrobial Acinetobacter baumannii bloodstream infection were more likely to have a longer hospital length of stay [40 (21, 68) vs. 27 (16, 45), p < 0.001 ] and more hospitalization days after bloodstream infection than those with monomicrobial Acinetobacter baumannii bloodstream infection [22 (8, 50) vs. 13 (4, 28), p < 0.001 ]. However, no significant difference in mortality was observed between the two groups. Conclusions. Approximately one-fifth of Acinetobacter baumannii bloodstream infections were polymicrobial in this cohort. The main sources were skin and soft tissue infections, and burn injury was the only independent risk factor. Although mortality did not differ between the groups, considering the limitations of the study, further studies are required to assess the impact of polymicrobial (vs. monomicrobial) Acinetobacter baumannii bloodstream infection on outcomes.

30

Wisplinghoff, Hilmar, Tobias Paulus, Marianne Lugenheim, Danuta Stefanik, Paul G. Higgins, Michael B. Edmond, Richard P. Wenzel, and Harald Seifert. "Nosocomial bloodstream infections due to Acinetobacter baumannii, Acinetobacter pittii and Acinetobacter nosocomialis in the United States." Journal of Infection 64, no. 3 (March 2012): 282–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jinf.2011.12.008.

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31

Palkovsky, O. L., L. I. Novogran, and I. O. Polonskaya. "PROBLEMS OF THERAPY OF nosocomial infections caused by <i>ACINETOBACTER BAUMANNII</i> (literature review)." Health and Ecology Issues, no. 3 (September 28, 2014): 26–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.51523/2708-6011.2014-11-3-4.

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The microorganism Acinetobacter baumannii is a common cause of nosocomial infections, particularly in wards of resuscitation and intensive care. The problem of treatment for these infections is the extremely good resistance of the microorganism to antimicrobial agents. The present article deals with the problems of epidemiology and rational antimicrobial therapy for infections caused by Acinetobacter baumannii.

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A. Tantawy, Enas, Hanan M. El-Sayed, Heba M. Matar, and Basma A. El-Azhary. "Multi- and Extensive-Drug Resistant Acinetobacter baumannii in ICUs: Risk Factors, Antimicrobial Resistance Profiles and co-harboring of gyrA and parC mutations." Egyptian Journal of Medical Microbiology EJMM29, no. 4 (October 1, 2020): 109–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.51429/ejmm29414.

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Background: Acinetobacter baumannii is a gram-negative organism that is implicated in hospital acquired infections. It confers high resistance to many classes of antibiotics. Objectives: To assess the prevalence of multi and extensive drug-resistant (MDR & XDR) Acinetobacter baumannii, their risk factors, antimicrobial resistance patterns and the presence of gyrA and parC gene mutations of quinolone resistance. Methodology: The study included 106 ICU patients (56 males & 50 females), samples were collected according to sites of infections, Acinetobacter baumannii was identified by morphology, biochemical reactions &API 20NE. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed by disc diffusion method. The E-test was used to detect MIC of Ciprofloxacin & Levofloxacin, then a polymerase chain reaction- restriction fragment length polymorphism was performed to detect the occurence of gyrA and parC gene mutations of Quinolone resistance. Results: Thirty isolates were identified as Acinetobacter baumannii, most of which from respiratory infections (P=0.005) prolonged hospitalization, antibiotic use, urinary catheters & ventilator supports were found to be risk factors of infections. Acinetobacter baumannii isolates showed high resistance to most of the tested antibiotics (29 MDR & 28 XDR). All isolates were resistant to Ciprofloxacin & Levofloxacin with the co-presence of gyrA and parC mutations in all isolates (P<0.001). Conclusions: There is an increased prevalence of MDR & XDR Acinetobacter baumannii among ICU infections. The co-occurrence of gyrA and parC mutations is associated with high resistance to Quinolones.

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Khalilov, R., M. Mammadova, and Sh Abdullayeva. "Mechanism of resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics." BULLETIN of the L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University. BIOSCIENCE Series 143, no. 3 (2023): 115–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.32523/2616-7034-2023-144-3-115-127.

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Acinetobacter baumannii is the most commonly associated human pathogen with infections in the genus. This opportunistic pathogen causes quite serious infections, especially in fond patients, and has the ability to quickly develop resistance to new antibiotics. In the recent past, carbapenems, a. It was the first option in the treatment of Baumannii infections. But recently there have been many clinics Acinetobacter the baumannii isolate has acquired resistance to all conventional antibiotics, including carbapenems. This compilation is Acinetobacter it can refresh our knowledge about the resistance mechanisms of baumannii; however, his revolution will continue in the future.

34

Prisacari, Viorel. "The problem of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus and Acinetobacter nosocomial infections (Literature review)." Akademos, no. 1(68) (June 2023): 33–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.52673/18570461.23.1-68.03.

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Sosocomial septic infections continue to remain one of the leading causes of mortality in hospital wards. In this context, nosocomial infections caused by novel aetiological agents of the Staphylococcus and Acinetobacter genera are a current problem. The article presents relevant data on the topic of the spread of nosocomial infections with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus and Acinetobacter worldwide, as well as the situation regarding the spread of these infections in the Republic of Moldova.

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Elham, Bukhari, and Alotaibi Fawzia. "Colistin resistance in Acinetobacter baumannii isolated from critically ill patients: clinical characteristics, antimicrobial susceptibility and outcome." African Health Sciences 19, no. 3 (November 5, 2019): 2400–2406. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ahs.v19i3.13.

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Background: Acinetobacter baumannii (AB) is increasingly becoming a clinically relevant organism due to the rising number of associated nosocomial infections. The therapeutic options are extremely minimal because of its ability to develop resistance to all available antimicrobials, including colistin (CST). Data on the clinical and microbiological characteristics of colistin-resistant A. baumannii infections remain scarce to date.Methods: In this prospective study, clinical isolates of colistin resistance among Acinetobacter strain was evaluated from the database of Microbiology Laboratory of King Khalid University Hospital, Saudi Arabia.Results: In a total of 142 patients with 136 Acinetobacter isolates, Acintobacter baumannii was the predominant serotype 73% of the isolates and Acinetobacter lwoffii constituted 27% of the isolate .There was 8.5% colistin resistant isolates with colistin E-test MIC >4. The clinical characteristics were determined for colistin resistant Acinetobacter baumannii. All patients were critically ill and 64% of them were hositalized in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU). All patients have been previously given antibiotics. Other associated clinical characteristics included; morbid obesity and sleeve gastrectomy (21 %), mechanical ventilation and central venous catheter (50%). High mortality rate was found(28%).Conclusion: There is an increase of colistin resistance among clinical isolates of Acinetobacter baumannii causing serious infections especially in critically ill patients.Keywords: Acinetobacter baumannii, colistin resistance, clinical characteristics.

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PRISACARI, Viorel, and Nicoleta ANDRONACHI. "Epidemiological study of Acinetobacter baumannii nosocomial infections." One Health & Risk Management 2, no. 2 (April 6, 2021): 36–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.38045/ohrm.2021.2.05.

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Introduction. Acinetobacter baumannii is a pathogen and a major cause of nosocomial infections in the current healthcare system worldwide due to its high resistance to antibiotics, including those considered as a last resort, thus posing threat to severe clinical forms, as well as exhibiting significant economic and clinical impact. Material and methods. A descriptive longitudinal and cross-sectional epidemiological study was carried out based on the model of multidisciplinary care hospitals. Results. The generalized clinical forms of Acinetobacter nosocomial infections predominate in 56.30%, including: pulmonary sepsis – 25.59%, abdominal sepsis – 11.81%, septicemia – 9.45%, wound sepsis– 6.30%, biliary sepsis – 1.97%, and urosepsis – 1.18% of cases. Local infections were found in 16.93% of wound infections and in 14.57% of pneumonia cases. A. baumanii was present in the etiological structure of 98.18% of cases, exhibiting an increased resistance to antibiotics, particularly to monobactams – 100.0%, macrolides – 98.82%, penicillins – 98.08%, cephalosporins – 97.65%, penicillins with beta-lactamase inhibitors – 93.20%, fluoroquinolones – 87.16%, and amphenicols – 84.17% of cases. A. baumanii strains isolated from patients with nosocomial infections were found to be multidrug resistant to antibiotics in 93.08% of cases. Conclusions. Acinetobacter baumannii nosocomial infections represent a major public health issue that requires the implementation of strict surveillance and control strategies, including the rational use of antibiotics.

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Garnacho-Montero, José, and Rosario Amaya-Villar. "Multiresistant Acinetobacter baumannii infections: epidemiology and management." Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases 23, no. 4 (August 2010): 332–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/qco.0b013e32833ae38b.

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Humphreys, H., K. J. Towner, M. Crowe, C. Webster, R. Winter, H. Schröcksnadel, C. Flörl, et al. "Acinetobacter infections, intensive care units, and handwashing." Lancet 345, no. 8942 (January 1995): 121–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(95)90086-1.

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de La Blanchardière, A., S. Dargère, and R. Verdon. "Infections à Acinetobacter, Moraxella, Kingella et Eikenella." EMC - Maladies infectieuses 6, no. 4 (January 2009): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1166-8598(09)32702-7.

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McDonald, L. C., S. N. Banerjee, and W. R. Jarvis. "Seasonal Variation of Acinetobacter Infections: 1987-1996." Clinical Infectious Diseases 29, no. 5 (November 1, 1999): 1133–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/313441.

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Greig, Sarah L., and Lesley J. Scott. "Intravenous Minocycline: A Review in Acinetobacter Infections." Drugs 76, no. 15 (August 30, 2016): 1467–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40265-016-0636-6.

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Falagas, Matthew E., Konstantinos Z. Vardakas, Anastasios Kapaskelis, Nikolaos A. Triarides, and Nikolaos S. Roussos. "Tetracyclines for multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii infections." International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents 45, no. 5 (May 2015): 455–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2014.12.031.

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Bouza, Emilio, Patricia Muñoz, and Almudena Burillo. "How to treat severe Acinetobacter baumannii infections." Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases 36, no. 6 (September 26, 2023): 596–608. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/qco.0000000000000974.

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Purpose of review To update the management of severe Acinetobacter baumannii infections (ABI), particularly those caused by multi-resistant isolates. Recent findings The in vitro activity of the various antimicrobial agents potentially helpful in treating ABI is highly variable and has progressively decreased for many of them, limiting current therapeutic options. The combination of more than one drug is still advisable in most circumstances. Ideally, two active first-line drugs should be used. Alternatively, a first-line and a second-line drug and, if this is not possible, two or more second-line drugs in combination. The emergence of new agents such as Cefiderocol, the combination of Sulbactam and Durlobactam, and the new Tetracyclines offer therapeutic options that need to be supported by clinical evidence. Summary The apparent limitations in treating infections caused by this bacterium, the rapid development of resistance, and the serious underlying situation in most cases invite the search for alternatives to antibiotic treatment, the most promising of which seems to be bacteriophage therapy.

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Saha, Swarnatrisha, Ksh Mamta Devi, Shan Damrolien, and Kh Sulochana Devi. "A study of Acinetobacter infections in a tertiary care hospital in Northeast India." International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences 6, no. 6 (May 25, 2018): 2076. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20182292.

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Background: Acinetobacter is an important opportunistic pathogen and is a common cause of hospital acquired infections. Acinetobacter infections are often extremely difficult to treat because of their widespread resistance to the major groups of antibiotics. The study was conducted to determine prevalence and antibiotic susceptibility pattern of Acinetobacter species isolated from various clinical samples.Methods: Clinical specimens over a period of 2yrs from May 2015 to April 2017 were collected from the patients attending the hospital. Acinetobacter species isolates were identified, and antibiotic susceptibility test was done following standard operative procedures.Results: From 9979 clinical specimens, 3715 were positive for significant bacterial growth of which 111 (2.9%) were culture positive for Acinetobacter spp. Among 111 isolates 109 (98.2%) isolates were Acinetobacter baumanni and 2 (1.8%) were Acinetobacter lwoffii. Maximum isolates were isolated from urine samples 36 (32.4%) and majority of the isolates were from wards (56.7%) giving a probability of increased hospital acquired infections. Maximum resistance was shown by cefipime (80.1%). Imipenem and Meropenem shows resistance of 25.3% and 29.7% respectively. ICU isolates showed extensive resistance in comparison to wards and OPD.Conclusions: Increasing trend of resistance pattern to a large range of antibiotics is a matter of concern. To avoid resistance, antibiotics should be used judiciously, and empirical therapy should be determined for each hospital according to the resistance rates of the hospital. Infection with MDR Acinetobacter species is independently associated with high mortality, emphasizing the need for aggressive infection control strategies.

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Tan, Henny Tannady, Irene Maria Elena, Ade Dharmawan, and Nicolas Layanto. "Unusual Polymicrobial Wound Infections In Healthy Patient After Cesarean Sectio." Jurnal Midpro 12, no. 1 (June 21, 2020): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.30736/md.v12i1.151.

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Cesarean delivery often complicated by surgical site infection, wound infection and endometritis. No study mention Multidrug Resistant Klebsiella pneumonia and Acinetobacter lwofii were isolated.Here we report a rare case of polymicrobial wound infections in healthy patient after Cesarean Sectio caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Multidrug Resistant Klebsiella pneumonia and Acinetobacter iwofii. A 30-year-old woman at 37 weeks gestation (G1P0A0) presented to our hospital for cesarean sectio due to oligohydroamnios and malpresentation. She came to us on the eleventh post-delivery day with discharge from her surgical wound. Intraoperative cultures revealed Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Multidrug Resistant Klebsiella pneumonia and Acinetobacter lwofii.The greatest contribution to risk for surgical site infection was associated with maternal obesity and hypertensive disorder, but she has no risk factor.The polymicrobial combination of our patient’s is unique from previously described studies, in this case all were Gram negative bacteria (Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Multidrug Resistant Klebsiella pneumonia and Acinetobacter lwofii).

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Benga, Laurentiu, Andrea T. Feßler, W. Peter M. Benten, Eva Engelhardt, Karl Köhrer, Stefan Schwarz, and Martin Sager. "Acinetobacter species in laboratory mice: species survey and antimicrobial resistance." Laboratory Animals 53, no. 5 (December 19, 2018): 470–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0023677218818598.

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The extra-hospital epidemiology of Acinetobacter infections is a subject of debate. In recent years, the prevalence of animal multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter infections has increased considerably. The goal of the present study was to specify Acinetobacter species isolated from laboratory mice and to test them for their antimicrobial susceptibility. During routine microbiological monitoring of laboratory mice, 12 Acinetobacter spp. were isolated. By means of 16S rRNA and rpoB gene sequencing, seven of the isolates were identified as Acinetobacter radioresistens, three isolates belonged to Acinetobacter genomospecies 14BJ, one isolate was classified as Acinetobacter pitii and one as Acinetobacter sp. ANC 4051. The distribution of the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) values was uniform for 21 of the 23 antimicrobial agents tested, whereas a broad MIC distribution was recorded for tulathromycin and streptomycin. The MIC values recorded were low for the majority of the antibiotics tested. Nevertheless, very high MIC values, which will probably render a therapeutic approach using these substances unsuccessful, were recorded for florfenicol, tiamulin, tilmicosin and cephalothin in most of the isolates. In conclusion, we document colonization of laboratory mice with different Acinetobacter species, displaying similar antibiotic susceptibility profiles, with possible implications in the Acinetobacter epidemiology as well as in the husbandry and experimentation of the colonized animals.

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Villegas, Maria Virginia, and Alan I. Hartstein. "Acinetobacter Outbreaks, 1977–2000." Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology 24, no. 4 (April 2003): 284–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/502205.

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AbstractThis review of Acinetobacter outbreaks summarizes factors related to the presence and recognition of organism transmission and describes the implementation of control and prevention measures directed at limiting spread. Exogenous transmission of Acinetobacter should be considered when infections are endemic and when case rates increase. Increasing or new antimicrobial resistances in a collection of isolates also suggest transmission, and transmission can be definitively confirmed when isolates are found to be indistinguishable from or related to one another by a discriminatory genotyping test. An investigation for a common source should be conducted. When a common source cannot be found and eliminated, or once an endemically transmitted organism is established, containment or prevention efforts may require aggressive interventions, complex interventions, or both. Colonization at multiple sites, the relative ease of induction of antibiotic resistance in the organism following patient exposure to multiple drugs, and long-term environmental survival provide enhanced opportunities for the transmission of Acinetobacter between and among patients. New approaches and interventional trials are needed to define effective measures for the prevention and control of Acinetobacter infections.

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Nath, Shubhra Kanti Dev, and Md Mizanur Rahman. "Isolation of Acinetobacter Species from Wound Infection and Their Antimicrobial Resistance Pattern in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Rajshahi, Bangladesh." Saudi Journal of Pathology and Microbiology 7, no. 3 (March 30, 2022): 162–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.36348/sjpm.2022.v07i03.015.

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Background: Acinetobacter species has emerged as an important pathogen globally in various infections especially in hospital acquired infections. Objectives: This study was conducted to determine the antibiotic resistance pattern of Acinetobacter species from wound swab samples. Materials and Methods: A Cross sectional study was undertaken in Department of Microbiology, Rajshahi Medical College (RMC), Rajshahi, Bangladesh from period January 2014 to December 2014. A total 13 Acinetobacter were collected from 292 wound infection patients of surgery word and its allied brances in Rajshahi medical college hospital (RMCH). Isolation, Identification and sensitivity of Acinetobacter species were performed by manual method. Results: Out of 292 patients 13(4.4%) patients showed growth of Acinetobacter species. Resistance observed to Meropenem was 38.46%, Piperacillin -Tazobactum 61.53%, Amikacin 53.84%, Ceftazidime 76.92%, Gentamicin 61.53% and Levoflaxacin 67.23%. This data suggest that Acinetobacter isolated from hospital exhibits resistanace to multiple antimicrobial drugs. Conclusion: The study will help to implement better infection control strategies and improve the knowledge of antibiotic resistance patterns of Acinetobacter species in our region.

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Caffrey, Aisling, Haley J. Appaneal, Vrishali Lopes, and Kerry LaPlante. "1610. Epidemiology and Treatment Heterogeneity in Acinetobacter baumanii Infections." Open Forum Infectious Diseases 7, Supplement_1 (October 1, 2020): S799. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofaa439.1790.

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Abstract Background Acinetobacter baumannii is known as a highly resistant organism causing serious infections in intensive care populations. However, the epidemiology of infections caused by Acinetobacter baumannii and approaches to treatment are not well described in a national healthcare system. Methods Our retrospective cohort study included patients with positive Acinetobacter baumannii cultures collected from any source during hospitalizations at Veterans Affairs (VA) medical centers nationally from January 2010 to April 2019. We evaluated patient characteristics and utilized exposure mapping to identify treatment patterns, including treatment heterogeneity. Heterogeneity was defined as patterns of antibiotic treatment (drug and duration) not shared by any other patient. Results Our study included 7,551 admissions with positive Acinetobacter baumannii cultures. The mean age was 66.7 years (±12.1) and 97.4% were male. Most patients were admitted from other healthcare facilities (59.2%) and 20.8% were in intensive care during the admission. Most patients had their culture collected on the day after admission and the median time to culture completion was 4 days (interquartile range 3-5). Acinetobacter baumannii cultures were most commonly obtained from urine (33.6%), followed by skin and soft tissue (25.3%), lung (21.8%), blood (9.2%), and bone/joint (5.0%). The median length of hospital stay was 11 days, with inpatient mortality and 30-day mortality rates of 11.6% and 12.5%, respectively. Treatment heterogeneity was high, with 88.5% of admissions having different antibiotic treatment patterns (drug and duration), with a median time to first change of 1 day and median of 3 changes. Only 2% of the admissions were treated with polymyxins and 3.0% with colistin. Carbapenems were used in 18.9% of the admissions and extended-spectrum cephalosporins in 31.7% of the admissions. Conclusion In VA hospitals, Acinetobacter baumannii infections are observed in both critical and non-critical patient populations, mostly among patients with healthcare exposures. Acinetobacter baumannii infections were found to have various sources of infection, mostly from urine and skin and soft tissue, and approaches to treatment were highly varied. Disclosures Aisling Caffrey, PhD, Merck (Research Grant or Support)Pfizer (Research Grant or Support)Shionogi (Research Grant or Support) Haley J. Appaneal, PharmD, Shionogi, Inc. (Research Grant or Support) Kerry LaPlante, PharmD, Merck (Advisor or Review Panel member, Research Grant or Support)Ocean Spray Cranberries, Inc. (Research Grant or Support)Pfizer Pharmaceuticals (Research Grant or Support)Shionogi, Inc. (Research Grant or Support)

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Cheng, John ChauFu. "Acinetobacter Baumannii Detection Using A Bio-FET Device: Towards Healthcare Infection Management." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2023-01, no. 34 (August 28, 2023): 1913. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2023-01341913mtgabs.

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Acinetobacter is a group of bacteria commonly found in the environment, like in soil and water. While there are many types, the most common cause of infections is Acinetobacter baumannii, which accounts for most Acinetobacter infections in humans. Acinetobacter baumannii could result in infections in the blood, urinary tract, in wounds of the body or lungs. Traditionally, medical technicians in hospital use the sample from patients (like stool, urine, or sputum) to streak on a plate or do bacteria culture test. It takes too much time and patients cannot wait so long. Therefore, it is vital that a new diagnostic technique can be used to detect Acinetobacter baumannii much faster than the traditional methods. The electrical double layer (EDL)-gated field-effect transistor-based biosensor (BioFET) is a fast and promising diagnostic technique because it is highly sensitive, quickly response, and high selective to the target analyte. Besides, a portable device could help the medical personnel detect the bacteria and treat the patients as early as possible. Here, we used a portable BioFET device from STARX co. (Model II) to detect the complementary Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) of Acinetobacter Baumannii via a specific DNA probe we designed. We utilized the portable device to examine the specificity and selectivity in various conditions, such as urine and blood. Thus, the results showed that the system with the portable device could give the hospital personnel a tool to control healthcare associated infection caused by Acinetobacter baumannii. Figure 1