Дисертації: "Industrial management Australia"

1

Nayak, Raveendra, and raveendranayak@yahoo com au. "Developing sustainable corporations in Australia." Swinburne University of Technology. Australian Graduate School of Entrepreneurship, 2006. http://adt.lib.swin.edu.au./public/adt-VSWT20060320.110540.

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In the wake of the environmental degradation, social inequality and injustice, and the incidents of corporate frauds and mismanagement reported in Australia, domestic business organisations have been asked increasingly by Australian governments and people to pursue sustainable business practices. As prime movers of creating wealth and employment, business organisations have an important and legitimate role to play in sustainable development, which is defined as a notion that meets the needs of present without compromising the ability of future generations. Corporate sustainability, which is a subset of the concept of sustainable development, involves integrating financial, social, and environmental values into business policy, planning, and decision-making requiring changes in organisational values, perspectives, culture, structure, and performance measures. Many Australian businesses are wary of meeting financial, social, and environmental objectives simultaneously claiming the agenda as contradictory and almost unattainable, but the demand for achieving corporate sustainability seems inescapable. Since Australian businesses are facing a fierce competition in domestic market as a result of reducing trade barriers, globalisation, and market deregulation, demanding them to contribute more to sustainable development may appear to be unreasonable. Furthermore, business managers are often wary of any organisational changes, as several of them have failed in creating organisational value. As a consequence, business managers are cautious of engaging in sustainable business practices. In an attempt to unravel the above dilemma, this study mainly examined how to enhance organisational value by sustainable business practices. It examined the two dominant strategic management theories, i.e. Barriers to Entry theory and the Resource-Based View (RBV) theory. It collected the data from 102 Australian business organisations using a survey method. Based on its findings, this study makes a number of contributions to the theory and practice of strategic management. Notable among them are, first, it shows that socially crafted business practices such as knowledge management, customer relationship management, and stakeholder management can have substantial leverage to building business competitiveness. Second, it demonstrates that environment-oriented business practices can provide a number of effective opportunities for increasing the height of entry barriers to new competition. Third, this study concludes that social-oriented business activities are almost ineffective as entry barriers to new competition. Fourth, it substantiates why environment protection measures such as Environmental Management System (EMS) are least contributing to business competitiveness. Finally, this study substantiates its main claim that a business organisation can enhance its competitive advantage by pursuing corporate sustainability principles. This study upholds the view that business organisations have enlightened self-interest in following corporate sustainability.

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2

Bohemia, Erik Industrial Design UNSW. "Lean manufacturing and its impact on the role of industrial designers in Australia." Awarded by:University of New South Wales. Industrial Design, 2002. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/19087.

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The aim of this research was to determine the extent of use, by Australian manufacturers, of lean manufacturing techniques, and the current and future implications for industrial designers. A survey was conducted to gather data on organisation demographics, the role of the industrial designer, production techniques and product development. The survey was distributed to 220 manufacturing organisations undertaking product development in Australia. The number of surveys returned was 134, representing a 60.9 percent response rate. The surveyed organisations represented a broad cross-section of Australian manufacturers by size, location and industry. Manufacturing organisations were categorised into three groups: lean manufacturers, emerging users of lean manufacturing and non-lean manufacturers. It was concluded that lean manufacturing is being adopted by Australian manufacturers and that lean manufacturing is impacting on the role of the industrial design. In general, the data obtained in this research confirms views expressed in the literature that describes current changes in the manufacturing industry. This literature suggests that design will become the next competitive 'weapon', and become a central part of organisational strategy. However, the data also suggests the design profession has still some way to go to adequately grasp its full professional potential, particularly in the area of product development management. The results indicate that industrial designers underperformed in five functional areas that could be considered fundamental to the service normally provided by industrial designers and they have not exceeded expectations in any of the functions included in the survey. It was found that overall, industrial designers were not regarded highly by organisations as a source of new product ideas. Another troubling finding was that industrial designers were generally not perceived as being suitable to manage product development groups. The results of this research could be used to guide educational institutions in regard to curricula for industrial design courses so that future graduates may more effectively fulfil industry requirements.

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3

Navaratnam, Michelle. "The commercialisation of small firm technologies in Western Australia : A case for user-producer interaction and the integration of large industrial users with small technology producers." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 1999. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/1216.

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The purpose of this study was to: * examine how grantee firms of the Western Australian Innovation Support Scheme (WAISS) have overcome their impediments to commercialisation; * examine how the process of user-producer interaction has enabled grantee firms to commercialise their technologies; * examine the process of user-producer interaction with large and/or small industrial users, and the subsequent benefits derived; * examine the entry barriers faced by grantee firms in forming interactions with large industrial users. The study examined the literature involving the role of small firms in the development and commercialisation of new technologies. The study adopted a multiple, holistic case study design using qualitative methodology, A theoretical pathway constructed from arguments presented within the literature was the basis upon which the cases were analysed. The cases have demonstrated that the adoption of strategies promoting user-producer interaction through a dyadic problem-solving style approach with industrial users have enabled small firms to commercialise their technologies in industry. The cases have found that those firms interacting with large industrial users have experienced extensive product diversification and market expansion opportunities as opposed to those firms interacting with small industrial users. In addition to the product diversification and market expansion opportunities acquired through interactions with these large industrial users, it was clear that the large-scale marketing and distribution resources of these industrial users also enabled small firms to attract other industrial users, both domestically and internationally. This ultimately led to further product diversification and market expansion opportunities. Those firms that interacted with small industrial users experienced either minimal or no product diversification and market expansion opportunities because of the ‘small firm’ characteristics or these users. This meant that as 'small firms' these industrial users also faced constraints with regards to the availability of marketing resources and distribution channels, and were therefore unable to attract the interests of industrial users within large-scale markets. Those firms that experienced either minimal or no product diversification and market expansion opportunities have faced entry barriers typical to small firms when trying to find large industrial users for their technologies. They have been unable to attract the interests of large industrial users as a result of the high risk factors associated with the newness of their technologies and their credibility as a newly established firm. The study's main finding reveals that the commercialisation of small firm technologies, the commercial extent derived for these technologies, and the overcoming of barriers faced by the small firm, was dependent on the social orientation of user-producer interaction in conjunction with the dyadic information exchanges of technological opportunities and user needs.

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4

au, Pendoley@newton dialix com, and Kellie Lee Pendoley. "Sea Turtles and the Environmental Management of Industrial Activities in North West Western Australia." Murdoch University, 2005. http://wwwlib.murdoch.edu.au/adt/browse/view/adt-MU20060612.120104.

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The nesting demographics of sea turtles using beaches within the Barrow, Lowendal, Montebello (B-L-M) island complex on the North West Shelf of Western Australia were examined in the context of their spatial and temporal distribution and potential for exposure to industrially based artificial light sources. The distribution of overnight turtle tracks throughout the island complex confirmed high density nesting of Chelonia mydas (green turtles) on deep, sandy and high energy beaches and Natator depressus (flatback turtles) on deep, sandy and low energy beaches, while Eretmochelys imbricata (hawksbill turtle) tracks were most visible on shallow, sandy beaches adjacent to near shore coral reef habitat. The three species exhibited a summer nesting peak. Hawksbill turtles commenced nesting in September and continued through to January, green turtles commenced in November and decreased in March. Flatback turtles displayed the most constrained nesting season reported to date in Australia with 86% of the animals visits recorded in December and January only. Nesting population sizes estimated for the three species suggest that on a national scale the B-L-M complex is a moderately large green turtle and a large flatback rookery site. The hawksbill rookery is large on an international scale. While none of the green turtle nesting beaches fell within a 1.5 km radius of industrially based artificial light sources an estimated 42% of nesting flatback turtles and 12% of nesting hawksbill turtles were potentially exposed to these light sources. Testing of green turtle and hawksbill hatchling response to different wavelengths of light indicate that hatchlings from the B-L-M region respond to low wavelength much like hatchlings tested in North America (Witherington 1992a). Flatback hatchlings displayed a similar preference for low wavelength light however their responses to discrete light wavelengths between 400 nm and 700 nm suggest that this species may not discriminate well between wavelengths that lie between 450 nm and 550 nm. This response may be related to the rapid attenuation of visible light that occurs in the turbid near shore habitats favoured by this species. Field based arena studies carried out to investigate hatchling behaviour on nesting beaches with light types commonly used in industrial settings found green turtle and flatback hatchlings are significantly attracted to these lights compared to controls. Lights that emit strongly in the low wavelength range (i.e. metal halide and fluorescent) caused hatchling misorientation at lower intensities than the test light that emitted relatively poorly in this range (high pressure sodium vapour). Hawksbill hatchlings tested in situ under the influence of actual oil and gas onshore and offshore facility based lighting were disrupted from the most direct line to the ocean by these light emissions. Emergence fan mapping methods that measure hatchling orientation on nesting beaches were refined and are proposed as an alternative monitoring tool for use on beaches that are logistically difficult to access for large scale experimental orientation studies. The hatchling behaviour was clearly complicated by beach topography and moon phase. Satellite tracking of post nesting female green and hawksbill turtles from North West Shelf rookeries has identified the Western Australian location of migratory corridors and foraging grounds for these species while Scott Reef turtles migrate from their south Timor Sea rookery to Northern Territory waters. Green turtle nesting on Barrow Island and Sandy Island (Scott Reef) forage at feeding grounds 200 1000 km from their nesting beaches. Hawksbill turtles nesting at Varanus Island and Rosemary Islands forage at locations 50 450 km from their nesting beaches. While all of the nesting beaches within the B-L-M island complex are protected under the Barrow-Montebello Marine Conservation Reserves, the only foraging ground similarly protected is the Northern Territory foraging ground used by Scott Reef green turtles. None of the foraging grounds used by North West Shelf green or hawksbill turtles is currently protected by conservation reserves.

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5

Pendoley, Kellie Lee. "Sea turtles and the environmental management of industrial activities in North West Western Australia." Thesis, Pendoley, Kellie Lee (2005) Sea turtles and the environmental management of industrial activities in North West Western Australia. PhD thesis, Murdoch University, 2005. https://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/254/.

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The nesting demographics of sea turtles using beaches within the Barrow, Lowendal, Montebello (B-L-M) island complex on the North West Shelf of Western Australia were examined in the context of their spatial and temporal distribution and potential for exposure to industrially based artificial light sources. The distribution of overnight turtle tracks throughout the island complex confirmed high density nesting of Chelonia mydas (green turtles) on deep, sandy and high energy beaches and Natator depressus (flatback turtles) on deep, sandy and low energy beaches, while Eretmochelys imbricata (hawksbill turtle) tracks were most visible on shallow, sandy beaches adjacent to near shore coral reef habitat. The three species exhibited a summer nesting peak. Hawksbill turtles commenced nesting in September and continued through to January, green turtles commenced in November and decreased in March. Flatback turtles displayed the most constrained nesting season reported to date in Australia with 86% of the animals visits recorded in December and January only. Nesting population sizes estimated for the three species suggest that on a national scale the B-L-M complex is a moderately large green turtle and a large flatback rookery site. The hawksbill rookery is large on an international scale. While none of the green turtle nesting beaches fell within a 1.5 km radius of industrially based artificial light sources an estimated 42% of nesting flatback turtles and 12% of nesting hawksbill turtles were potentially exposed to these light sources. Testing of green turtle and hawksbill hatchling response to different wavelengths of light indicate that hatchlings from the B-L-M region respond to low wavelength much like hatchlings tested in North America (Witherington 1992a). Flatback hatchlings displayed a similar preference for low wavelength light however their responses to discrete light wavelengths between 400 nm and 700 nm suggest that this species may not discriminate well between wavelengths that lie between 450 nm and 550 nm. This response may be related to the rapid attenuation of visible light that occurs in the turbid near shore habitats favoured by this species. Field based arena studies carried out to investigate hatchling behaviour on nesting beaches with light types commonly used in industrial settings found green turtle and flatback hatchlings are significantly attracted to these lights compared to controls. Lights that emit strongly in the low wavelength range (i.e. metal halide and fluorescent) caused hatchling misorientation at lower intensities than the test light that emitted relatively poorly in this range (high pressure sodium vapour). Hawksbill hatchlings tested in situ under the influence of actual oil and gas onshore and offshore facility based lighting were disrupted from the most direct line to the ocean by these light emissions. Emergence fan mapping methods that measure hatchling orientation on nesting beaches were refined and are proposed as an alternative monitoring tool for use on beaches that are logistically difficult to access for large scale experimental orientation studies. The hatchling behaviour was clearly complicated by beach topography and moon phase. Satellite tracking of post nesting female green and hawksbill turtles from North West Shelf rookeries has identified the Western Australian location of migratory corridors and foraging grounds for these species while Scott Reef turtles migrate from their south Timor Sea rookery to Northern Territory waters. Green turtle nesting on Barrow Island and Sandy Island (Scott Reef) forage at feeding grounds 200 - 1000 km from their nesting beaches. Hawksbill turtles nesting at Varanus Island and Rosemary Islands forage at locations 50 - 450 km from their nesting beaches. While all of the nesting beaches within the B-L-M island complex are protected under the Barrow-Montebello Marine Conservation Reserves, the only foraging ground similarly protected is the Northern Territory foraging ground used by Scott Reef green turtles. None of the foraging grounds used by North West Shelf green or hawksbill turtles is currently protected by conservation reserves.

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6

Pendoley, Kellie Lee. "Sea turtles and the environmental management of industrial activities in North West Western Australia." Pendoley, Kellie Lee (2005) Sea turtles and the environmental management of industrial activities in North West Western Australia. PhD thesis, Murdoch University, 2005. http://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/254/.

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Анотація:

The nesting demographics of sea turtles using beaches within the Barrow, Lowendal, Montebello (B-L-M) island complex on the North West Shelf of Western Australia were examined in the context of their spatial and temporal distribution and potential for exposure to industrially based artificial light sources. The distribution of overnight turtle tracks throughout the island complex confirmed high density nesting of Chelonia mydas (green turtles) on deep, sandy and high energy beaches and Natator depressus (flatback turtles) on deep, sandy and low energy beaches, while Eretmochelys imbricata (hawksbill turtle) tracks were most visible on shallow, sandy beaches adjacent to near shore coral reef habitat. The three species exhibited a summer nesting peak. Hawksbill turtles commenced nesting in September and continued through to January, green turtles commenced in November and decreased in March. Flatback turtles displayed the most constrained nesting season reported to date in Australia with 86% of the animals visits recorded in December and January only. Nesting population sizes estimated for the three species suggest that on a national scale the B-L-M complex is a moderately large green turtle and a large flatback rookery site. The hawksbill rookery is large on an international scale. While none of the green turtle nesting beaches fell within a 1.5 km radius of industrially based artificial light sources an estimated 42% of nesting flatback turtles and 12% of nesting hawksbill turtles were potentially exposed to these light sources. Testing of green turtle and hawksbill hatchling response to different wavelengths of light indicate that hatchlings from the B-L-M region respond to low wavelength much like hatchlings tested in North America (Witherington 1992a). Flatback hatchlings displayed a similar preference for low wavelength light however their responses to discrete light wavelengths between 400 nm and 700 nm suggest that this species may not discriminate well between wavelengths that lie between 450 nm and 550 nm. This response may be related to the rapid attenuation of visible light that occurs in the turbid near shore habitats favoured by this species. Field based arena studies carried out to investigate hatchling behaviour on nesting beaches with light types commonly used in industrial settings found green turtle and flatback hatchlings are significantly attracted to these lights compared to controls. Lights that emit strongly in the low wavelength range (i.e. metal halide and fluorescent) caused hatchling misorientation at lower intensities than the test light that emitted relatively poorly in this range (high pressure sodium vapour). Hawksbill hatchlings tested in situ under the influence of actual oil and gas onshore and offshore facility based lighting were disrupted from the most direct line to the ocean by these light emissions. Emergence fan mapping methods that measure hatchling orientation on nesting beaches were refined and are proposed as an alternative monitoring tool for use on beaches that are logistically difficult to access for large scale experimental orientation studies. The hatchling behaviour was clearly complicated by beach topography and moon phase. Satellite tracking of post nesting female green and hawksbill turtles from North West Shelf rookeries has identified the Western Australian location of migratory corridors and foraging grounds for these species while Scott Reef turtles migrate from their south Timor Sea rookery to Northern Territory waters. Green turtle nesting on Barrow Island and Sandy Island (Scott Reef) forage at feeding grounds 200 - 1000 km from their nesting beaches. Hawksbill turtles nesting at Varanus Island and Rosemary Islands forage at locations 50 - 450 km from their nesting beaches. While all of the nesting beaches within the B-L-M island complex are protected under the Barrow-Montebello Marine Conservation Reserves, the only foraging ground similarly protected is the Northern Territory foraging ground used by Scott Reef green turtles. None of the foraging grounds used by North West Shelf green or hawksbill turtles is currently protected by conservation reserves.

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7

Economou, Nicholas. "Greening the Commonwealth : the Australian Labor Party government's management of national environmental politics, 1983-1996 /." Connect to thesis, 1998. http://eprints.unimelb.edu.au/archive/00000333.

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8

Wallace, Matthew. "A pilot study of an employee developed observational tool as a valid and reliable measure of organisational safety." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2001. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/1066.

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Given the increasing high social and economic costs of occupational injury and illness to the Australian community, identification of initiatives to reduce the burden is urgently required. Paramount to reversing this trend is the need to identify and address the causes of the injury and illness. Employee involvement in occupational health and safety has for some time been espoused as an essential element in any occupational health and safety program, but its relationship with safety performance still remains unexplored. Although various theories suggest that the involvement of employees will increase their sense of ownership, there is little research to suggest that employees have the ability to develop a valid and reliable tool to measure safe practices in the workplace. The primary purpose of this study was to provide preliminary evidence of content and construct validity of an employee developed checklist in measuring compliance with safe behaviours. The second objective was to compare behaviours at two workplaces, one with an incentive scheme to promote safe behaviour and one without. The third objective was to determine the relationships between demographic characteristics of participants and compliance with safe behaviour. The study was conducted in two distinct phases. The first phase was an instrument development phase while the second was an implementation phase. Phase I involved the design of an employee developed checklist (EDC) and a theoretically developed checklist (TDC). Content validity testing was conducted by a panel of five experts in the field of instrument design and occupational health and safety. Phase II involved the observation of a sample of 44 ride on lift truck operators from two large manufacturing and logistics companies based in Victoria, over a three month period to measure compliance with safe work practices. Data was analysed to establish whether the EDC is a valid and reliable tool when compared against the TDC. The results provide preliminary evidence to suggest that employees possess the necessary skill and knowledge to develop a valid observational checklist. A Wilcoxon signed-ranks test for dependent samples indicates that there was no significant difference between the compliance scores recorded on the EDC and the scores recorded on the TDC. Further analysis of scores obtained for three items on the EDC were analysed against similar items on the TDC with no significant deficiencies found. Additionally, analysis of the correlation between the scores obtained on the TDC and EDC revealed a moderately strong positive relationship between the two checklists (r, = 0.414, p=.032). Inter rater reliability testing by intra class correlation and percentage agreement revealed problems with both the EDC and TDC, which may be partially explained by the relatively high level of compliance with safe behaviour at both sites and the method of testing. In this sample, age, gender and the presence of safety incentive schemes had no significant effect on the level of compliance. The level of experience did, however, show a positive relationship with compliance levels (r, = 0.32, p=.048). The results of this study present a number of potential benefits for workplaces including the justification of employee involvement in occupational health and safety measurement, employee involvement in goal setting and the feasibility of developing a proactive, inexpensive and flexible measure of occupational health and safety performance.

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9

Bahn, Susanne T. "Producing safety : exploring occupational health and safety values in action within the WA civil construction industry." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2008. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/221.

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This thesis explores working and learning practices in the context of safety within the Civil Construction Industry (CC Industry) of Western Australia (WA) and specifically focuses on the relations between organisational safety values and current working practices, primarily focusing on the instrumental power of managers in organisations to produce safety. The thesis examines the values in action that permeate the workplace culture and mediate the daily practices of people working in this industry, and ultimately how they impact upon the minds and bodies of employees. The study provides insight into the working practices and discourses within this industry by exploring the space between rhetoric and reality. specifically in terms of managing actions. Patterns in the data illuminate particular relations between values and practices that can mediate improved regimes of occupational, safety and health (OS&H) practices within organisations in the CC Industry. This study was supported by the Civil Contractors Federation WA (CCF) enabling high-level access and reciprocal practical outcomes for the CC Industry.

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10

Borys, David University of Ballarat. "Exploring risk-awareness as a cultural approach to safety : an ethnographic study of a contract maintenance environment." University of Ballarat, 2007. http://archimedes.ballarat.edu.au:8080/vital/access/HandleResolver/1959.17/12752.

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Safety culture has risen to prominence over the past two decades as a means by which organisations may enhance their safety performance. Safety culture may be conceptualised as an interpretive device that mediates between organisational safety rhetoric and safety programs on the one hand, and local workplace cultures on the other. More recently, risk-awareness has emerged as a cultural approach to safety. Front line workers are encouraged to become risk-aware through programs designed to prompt them to undertake mental or informal risk assessments before commencing work. The problem is that risk-awareness programs have not been the subject of systematic research and the impact of these programs on the culture of safety and the resultant level of risk is unknown. Therefore, this ethnographic study of two sites within a large contract maintenance organisation in Australia explored what impact risk-awareness programs have upon the culture of safety and the resultant level of risk. The researcher spent two months in the field and data was collected through participant observation, semistructured interviews and through a review of organisational documents. This study found that managers focused upon collecting the paperwork associated with the program as proof that workers had a safer workplace, whereas workers preferred to rely upon their common sense rather than the paperwork to keep them safe. As a consequence, the riskawareness program resulted in a culture of paperwork and varying levels of risk reduction because the paperwork associated with the program created an illusion of safety for managers as much as common sense did for workers. The results of this study have implications for safety culture, risk-awareness programs and for organisational learning. They also have implications for organisations wishing to improve their safety culture by encouraging risk-awareness in front-line workers.
Doctor of Philosophy

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11

Borys, David. "Exploring risk-awareness as a cultural approach to safety : an ethnographic study of a contract maintenance environment." University of Ballarat, 2007. http://archimedes.ballarat.edu.au:8080/vital/access/HandleResolver/1959.17/14591.

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Анотація:

Safety culture has risen to prominence over the past two decades as a means by which organisations may enhance their safety performance. Safety culture may be conceptualised as an interpretive device that mediates between organisational safety rhetoric and safety programs on the one hand, and local workplace cultures on the other. More recently, risk-awareness has emerged as a cultural approach to safety. Front line workers are encouraged to become risk-aware through programs designed to prompt them to undertake mental or informal risk assessments before commencing work. The problem is that risk-awareness programs have not been the subject of systematic research and the impact of these programs on the culture of safety and the resultant level of risk is unknown. Therefore, this ethnographic study of two sites within a large contract maintenance organisation in Australia explored what impact risk-awareness programs have upon the culture of safety and the resultant level of risk. The researcher spent two months in the field and data was collected through participant observation, semistructured interviews and through a review of organisational documents. This study found that managers focused upon collecting the paperwork associated with the program as proof that workers had a safer workplace, whereas workers preferred to rely upon their common sense rather than the paperwork to keep them safe. As a consequence, the riskawareness program resulted in a culture of paperwork and varying levels of risk reduction because the paperwork associated with the program created an illusion of safety for managers as much as common sense did for workers. The results of this study have implications for safety culture, risk-awareness programs and for organisational learning. They also have implications for organisations wishing to improve their safety culture by encouraging risk-awareness in front-line workers.
Doctor of Philosophy

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12

McDonald, William James Charles. "The ideology of managers in the management of employees in small and medium sized enterprises in Australia." University of Southern Queensland, Faculty of Business, 2005. http://eprints.usq.edu.au/archive/00001470/.

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Alan Fox's unitarist ideology provided a useful categorisation of managerial perspectives on managing employees and the nature of organisation. However, it was an intuitive framework, developed as part of a reformist argument for a pluralist system of industrial relations. It was not based on a systematic, empirical study of managers and, while applied to research, there has been little testing of the construct. The primary research question addressed in this thesis is whether managers in contemporary SMEs exhibit unitarist characteristics. A number of subsidiary questions follow. The first set explores managers' attitudes towards managerial prerogative, conflict, collective workplace relations and trade unions. Analysis of the data produced 11 unitarist dimensions. The second addresses whether organisational and personal characteristics and managers' perceptions of the limitations on management are significant for SME managers' ideological frameworks. The third identifies whether consultative, participative and collective practices are employed in work organisations. The definition of managerial ideology, including both managers' beliefs and values and also their workplace behaviour and practices, led to testing the relationship between the unitarist dimensions and managerial practice, and managers' satisfaction with employees. Finally, the thesis investigated whether there were any significant links between managerial practices and managers' satisfaction with employee performance. The methodology included a mail survey of SME managers in Eastern Australia with 206 respondents, and an interview programme of 20 SME managers in Brisbane, Queensland. The significant findings of this research are, first, that consultative or participative managerial practices do not necessarily reflect a pluralist ideology or orientation. SME managers limit the scope of decisions for involving employees, and usually shopfloor employees, utilising practices that do not compromise managerial power or managerial prerogative. Second, organisational and personal characteristics are relatively unimportant contextual variables in management behaviour in SMEs, unless it was described as a family business. Third, this thesis provides an alternative to the conclusions of some industrial relations scholars that managers employ a mix of unitarist and pluralist strategies. The adoption of apparently pluralist management practices in consultation and employee participation are revealed in this research as being predominantly non-threatening to managerial prerogative and organisational power structures in workplaces in terms of who is involved or excluded, and about what matters employees are consulted or involved. The overall results of managers' attitudes to collective workplace arrangements and trade unions confirm a general unitarist orientation in Australian SMEs. Fourth, the evidence does not suggest any clear binding of values and beliefs with managerial behaviour. Underpinning normative perspectives on management is an underlying commitment to protecting managers' power in the work organisation. It is this fundamental political commitment that both guides and constrains strategic choice in managing employees in SMEs. Unitarist ideology is thus central to the norms of management, and goes to the core of managerial prerogative. Finally, the results indicated that SME managers in the study usually did not demonstrate strong attachments to their views on the issues presented to them.

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13

Thomas, Roseanne. "Implications of electronic ordering in the Australian fresh foods industry: A longitudinal study of an Australian smallgoods company 1999-2005." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2007. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/315.

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The literature about information systems adoption generally, and specifically the use of EOI within supply chains. indicates that there are significant savings to be made, primarily by reductions in inventory costs. The Iiterature surrounding the Efficient Consumer Response (ECR) movement within the retail supply chain also claims that there are significant savings to be made and that these savings will be shared by partners within the supply chain and be passed on to consumers. This is a two stage study of a local case organisation operating within a duopoly industry environment. The research was conductad during the period of 1999 to 2005.

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14

Van, Heerden Vicky. "Local government reform in Western Australia: a case study on change readiness." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1003897.

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The Western Australian State Government’s local government reform programme, initiated in February 2009, provides the context for this research. Nedlands, a local government in Perth’s western suburbs, resolved to participate in this reform programme and signed a Regional Transition Group Agreement with Subiaco local government in August 2010. The purpose of the Regional Transition Group was to prepare a business plan to investigate the potential benefits and viability of a Nedlands and Subiaco amalgamation. Whilst the local government of Nedlands is currently investigating the more operational and technical aspects of local government reform in the merger feasibility study, this research focused on employee readiness, more intangible but no less important. The difficulties of achieving success with organisational change initiatives are well documented. A number of models of planned organisational change have been developed to address these difficulties and support successful change and are outlined. This research highlights the value of the first phase of planned change, namely readiness for change, where organizational members are prepared for and become supporters of change. It also highlights the importance of change communication with respect to developing employee readiness. Definitions and some of the dimensions of ‘readiness for change’ are outlined. The five dimensions of readiness for change - discrepancy, appropriateness, principal support, efficacy and valence - provide the ‘lens’ through which readiness for change at Nedlands is explored. From this perspective, the documentation communicating local government reform at Nedlands was analysed. These dimensions were also used to ascertain, from the perspective of the Nedlands' managers, their level of readiness and the readiness of the employees of Nedlands for local government reform. The findings suggest that Nedlands local government has not consciously planned to ‘ready’ employees for local government reform. A number of management recommendations are made to strengthen the change readiness message communicated by the Nedlands local government and to support the development of the Nedlands employees’ readiness for change.

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15

Sneddon, Joanne. "Innovation in the Australian wool industry : a sensemaking perspective." University of Western Australia. Graduate School of Management, 2008. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2009.0010.

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Achieving the successful development, transfer and adoption of new agricultural technology is a popular issue in the innovation literature. Innovation diffusion and economic theory has informed this literature by emphasising the central role that technology attributes and economic rationality play in the adoption of new technology. In agricultural innovation context, research has traditionally taken a technological determinist perspective, assuming that technologies shape society and that all technological change is positive and progressive. As a result of limitations of the linear, determinist perspective of agricultural innovation to explain how new technologies are adopted and diffused, social constructivist approaches to agricultural innovation have emerged as a complement to this approach. However, a unifying framework of the social construction of new agricultural technologies has not been presented in the agricultural innovation literature. In this study Karl Weicks seven properties of sensemaking are used as the foundation for the development of a unifying conceptual framework for the examination of the social construction of agricultural technology. This thesis is a study of sensemaking in the context of agricultural innovation. It examines how participants in the Australian wool industry make sense of new technologies and how that sensemaking shapes their use of new technologies over time. The focal innovation initiative studied in this thesis is the development, transfer, adoption and abandonment of objective wool fibre testing technologies. This initiative commenced in the 1960s and has resulted in significant changes in the way that Australian wool is produced, marketed and processed. An interpretive research paradigm is adopted in this study. A theory-building case study approach, combining quantitative and qualitative data collection and analysis is used to capture the ongoing, iterative, enactive and social actions and interactions that occur throughout the agricultural innovation process. The case study is divided into three separate but interlocking empirical analyses which examine how industry participants' sensemaking shaped their use of wool testing technologies at the industry, technological system and individual farm level. The findings and implications of the three empirical studies in this thesis are discussed in relation to (1) the interpretation frameworks of agricultural industry participants and technology enactment, (2) the sensemaking process, (3) the social construction of shared technology frames, and (4) the social construction of industry belief systems. This study contributes to the debate on the social construction of agricultural technology and sensemaking in the innovation process by exploring the development, transfer, adoption and abandonment of new wool fibre testing technologies by industry participants over time. It builds on theoretical and empirical agricultural innovation and sensemaking research, and draws on a theoretical framework sensitive to the social construction of technology at the individual, group and industry levels. In doing so this study develops the concept of sensemaking in the agricultural innovation process as a way of deepening our understanding of how new agricultural technologies are transferred, adopted and diffused.

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16

Larwood, Andrew John. "Cleaner production : promoting and achieving it in the South Australian foundry industry." Title page, table of contents and abstract only, 2000. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09ENV/09envl336.pdf.

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Bibliography: leaves 123-130. The literature search and the findings from the investigation have been used to provide recommendations for a sector specific cooperative approach using regulation, self-regulation, voluntary agreements, economic incentatives and educational/information strategies to promote and acheive cleaner production in the South Australian foundry industry.

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17

Sharma, Manish. "Workplace Bullying: An exploratory study in Australian academia." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2017. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/2013.

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Workplace bullying is a behaviour which adversely affects individuals, organisations and the community at large. While substantial research has been conducted on workplace bullying in different work settings, limited research exists on this behaviour at universities; no comprehensive studies have to date been conducted in the context of Australian academia. This study therefore contributes through breaking new ground by exploring bullying within the increasingly corporatised and competitive Australian higher education sector. New Public Management (NPM) practices, diminished government funding, and limited resources risk transforming this sector into a full-fledged industry focused on corporate objectives to achieve operational profitability. Universities’ primary commitment to further higher education and quality research may also be overshadowed by the bids to achieve revenue maximisation. The resultant competitive workplaces staffed by a more contingent workforce may also influence bullying experienced by both academic and professional staff in universities. While prior research has shown that competitive work environments can facilitate workplace bullying, no known previous study explored the bullying experiences of academic and professional staff in the Australian higher education sector. This study’s primary aim was therefore to explore the nature, influencing factors and consequences of workplace bullying for both academic and professional staff within Australian academia. Being an exploratory study, this research adopted a qualitative approach to gather a rich description of bullying experienced by both these distinct workstreams in universities. Individual accounts of being bullied at work were gathered by interviewing academic and professional staff from four Western Australian public universities. Thematic analysis of these confidential semi-structured interviews provided insights into the interplay of various underlying factors which enable workplace bullying. While many of this study’s findings resonate with the established literature on the subject, others are unique to the two-tiered context of Australian higher education sector. This study’s participants, explicitly as well as implicitly, linked bullying behaviours in their workplaces to the volatile economic environment of the Australian higher education sector, and increased competition amongst its workforce. As the sector’s changing employment patterns have moved towards a more contingent workforce, the sense of insecurity amongst university employees has developed to a point where many may prefer to endure bullying rather than reporting it formally. One strong theme emerging from this study’s data was the role that organisational and individuals’ culture(s) played in the occurrence of workplace bullying. Participants identified their universities’ work culture as one which tolerated workplace bullying, despite the considerable impact on individual victims. Some participants also noted the differences in individuals’ cultural backgrounds as triggers for bullying. In light of this study’s findings, measures to ameliorate workplace bullying may include steps to spread awareness and respect about cultural differences amongst the universities’ workforce. Universities might also consider explicitly addressing these issues in its anti-bullying policies. This study’ findings also underlined the lack of consistently implemented, robust anti-bullying policies in universities to safeguard employees’ wellbeing. On an individual level, power was found to be at the core of bullying. The power differentials between the victims and the alleged perpetrators stemmed from the hierarchical organisational structures existing in the universities. Although hierarchies are set in universities to accomplish its objectives, these structures often result in power being concentrated with certain individuals who may misuse it to bully others. In some cases, it appeared that bullying was being used to counter a perceived threat that high performing individuals posed to the alleged perpetrators’ established power and organisational status. Data analysis also highlighted the adverse consequences of bullying for both individuals and organisations. Workplace bullying was found to have harmful effects on an individual’s psychological and physical health; its negative impacts extended beyond the workplace to victims’ home life with their family and friends. On an organisational level, workplace bullying resulted in lower levels of staff productivity and engagement, while increasing universities’ employee turnover and damaging institutional reputations. This study, therefore, highlights how the adverse consequences of bullying experienced by academic and professional staff may prove particularly detrimental to their universities. While the productivity losses due to workplace bullying may be less obvious in universities than in other organisations, they can impair the intellectual contribution these academic institutions make to society. Such contribution can be in the form of the quality of teaching and research outputs, as well as the provision of support services for the students and staff at these institutions. Since this study incorporated the inputs of both academic and professional staff, its findings may represent the views held by the larger workforce in the Australian higher education sector. This study also provides a base for further qualitative and quantitative studies of workplace bullying within and beyond Australian academia.

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18

Herholdt, Memorie. "An evaluation of a performance management system within a division of a large organisation in the public sector." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/19601.

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Thesis (MA)--University of Stellenbosch, 2007.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Today’s competitive and dynamic business world, solicits ever higher levels of performance and productivity. At the core of this drive to higher performance is the enhancement and managing of employees’ performance through a Performance Management system. Performance Management however, is a very complex, multi-dimensional and integrated system with a number of interacting critical prerequisites. Even in ideal circumstances, these fundamental elements would, in all likelihood, not all be satisfied during the initial phases of implementing a Performance Management system. The concern existed, on the basis of the abovementioned probabilities, that the Performance Management system of the Children and Families Division (CAF) of the Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS) of Tasmania, Australia, was not enjoying optimal operational effectiveness. The aim of this study was to identify those factors in the system that are underdeveloped, possibly unsuccessfully implemented or in need of attention as they impact negatively on the effective running of the CAF’s Performance Management system. A suitable tool for this diagnostic purpose already exists in the form of the Performance Management Audit Questionnaire (PMAQ), developed by Spangenberg and Theron (1997). Through administering and analysing the PMAQ results, the CAF could obtain a clear indication of the system’s current effectiveness and would be able to identify where the problem areas are in order to refine the system for greater operational effectiveness. The results successfully identified the underdeveloped or absent areas of the organisation’s current Performance Management system. The results further found a clear difference between managerial and non-managerial perceptions of the effectiveness of the Performance Management system. The implications of these findings are discussed in terms of proposed remedial actions that could be implemented to address the problem areas.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: ‘n Konstante strewe na steeds hoër vlakke van prestasie en produktiwiteit is aan die orde van die dag in die huidige hoogs kompeterende en dinamiese besigheidswêreld. Die verbetering en bestuur van werknemers se prestasie deur middel van ‘n Prestasiebestuurstelsel, blyk ‘n sleutel te bied tot hierdie strewe na hoër prestasie. Prestasiebestuur is egter ‘n hoogs komplekse, multidimensionele en geintegreerde stelsel met ‘n aantal interverwante kritieke vereistes. Selfs onder ideale omstandighede, sou dit onwaarskynlik wees dat al hierdie fundamentele elemente aangespreek sou kon word gedurende die anvanklike fases van die implementering van ‘n Prestasiebestuurstelsel. In die lig van die bogenoemde waarskynlikhede, het daar spesifiek twyfel geheers oor die mate waartoe die Prestasiebestuurselsel van die ‘Children and Families’ (CAF) afdeling van die ‘Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS) in Tasmanië, Australie, optimale operasionele effektiwiteit weerspieël. Die doel van hierdie studie was om die faktore binne die stelsel te identifiseer wat onderskeidelik onderontwikkeld, onsuksesvol geimplementeer, of aandag benodig het ten einde hulle negatiewe impak op die effektiewe bedryf van die CAF se Prestasiebestuurstelsel aan te spreek. ‘n Geskikte hulpmiddel vir so ‘n diagnostiese doelwit het reeds bestaan in die vorm van die Performance Management Audit Questionnaire (PMAQ) wat deur Spangenberg en Theron (1997) ontwikkel is. Deur middel van die administrasie van die PMAQ en die analise van die resultate, sou die CAF ‘n duidelike aanduiding kon verkry van die stelsel se effektiwiteit en sou hulle die probleemareas kon identifiseer ten einde die stelsel tot groter operasionele effektiwiteit te verfyn. Die resultate het die leemtes en onder-ontwikkelde areas binne die organisasie se huidige Presasiebestuurselsel suksesvol geidentifiseer. Die resultate het verder gedui op ‘n duidelike verskil tussen die persepsies van bestuurders en nie-bestuurders oor die effektiwiteit van die Prestasiebestuurstelsel. Die implikasies van hierdie bevindings word ten slotte bespreek in terme van die voorgestelde remediëringsaksies wat geimplementeer sou kon word om die probleemareas aan te spreek.

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19

Hall, Sandra. "The contribution of heavy industry and commercial activity at Canning Vale to the loads of nitrogen and phosphorus released in the Bannister Creek catchment area." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2007. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/307.

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Stormwater is recognised as a transport mechanism for pollutants. Pollutants enter stormwater drains via surface washoff, subsurface flow or direct discharge. Landuse is reported to affect the quantity of pollutants released into stormwater drains. In Australia, the contribution of nutrients (nitrogen and phosphorus) and surfactants from industrial areas to surface drainage is poorly understood. Previous research has mainly focused on the quality of water leaving residential and agricultural areas. In Western Australia, there is growing concern over the health of the Swan-Canning River system, which is seeing signs of eutrophication. Runoff and discharge from residential, commercial, and industrial areas influence the quality of water in the Swan-Canning River system. A study of nutrient release was undertaken for the eastern sector of the Canning Vale Industrial Area, to determine the contribution of industry to nutrient loads received by the Canning River system, between August 2001 and 2002. Data was collected three times a week using a point sampling regime. Diurnal and storm event variability were also tested. Data collected from the eastern sector of the industrial area was compared to that released from the entire Bannister Creek Catchment area. Nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations downstream of industrial areas have been reported at 45mg L-1 and 15mg L-1 respectively (Thomas et al, 1997; John, 2000). In this study, the median concentrations of nitrogen and phosphorus downstream of industry in Bannister Creek, at the Tom Bateman Reserve Detention Basin, were 1.32mg L-1 and 0.11mg L-1 respectively. Concentrations of nitrogen and phosphorus were not indicative of point source discharge. Nutrient concentrations reported in Bannister Creek in this study, have been consistent with data collected and reported in other studies i.e. Donohue et al, 1992 and Jakowyna, 2002. Nitrogen and phosphorus loads released from the entire Bannister Creek Catchment area, exceeded loads previously reported in other studies i.e. Donohue et al ( 1994); Donohue et al, 1992 and Jakowyna, 2002. An estimated 32890kg of nitrogen and 2085kg of phosphorus was released from Bannister Creek Catchment during the study. Rainfall during the study period was reflective of the drying climate Perth has been experiencing over the last ten years. Nitrogen and phosphorus released from Bannister Creek during the study period are likely to be underestimated, as they do not include the data collected for a significant storm event recorded at Hybanthus Road on the 16.4.02. During this 1- 2/1-5 ARI storm event 1586kg of nitrogen and 185kg of phosphorus were exported from Bannister Creek, producing loads ten times greater than that estimated during the point sampling regime. The later values were used in the calculation of annual loads to maintain consistency between the study sites. Despite the significant load of nutrients released from the catchment on 16.4.02, rainfall was not the main transport mechanism for nitrogen and phosphorus, indicated by the weak correlation e.g. R2 > 0.1. Base flow was determined to be the most significant pathway of nutrient export. The concentrations and loads of nitrogen and phosphorus released from the industrial area were low, but the contribution to catchment loading was important. The rate of nutrient release per unit of area was higher from the eastern sector of the Canning Vale Industrial Area than the entire Bannister Creek Catchment Area. Nitrogen was released at a rate of 4163kg km2 yr from the industrial area and 134 2. 86kg km2 yr for the entire catchment. Phosphorus was the same. From the industrial area it was released at a rate of 397kg km2 yr compared to a rate of 94.2kg km2 yr from the entire Bannister Creek Catchment Area. The study revealed the need to retain nutrients within the catchment. Studies on stormwater management suggest that this can be achieved through Water Sensitive Urban Design and Best Management Practices. Both strategies work on the principle of retaining and recycling nutrients within the catchment area. Work is currently been undertaken to meet the objectives of these two management strategies in Bannister Creek. Work has included the removal of the southwestern bank of the Tom Bateman reserve detention basin to create a meandering wetland, and the downgrading of the banks along Bywood Way, Lynwood to create a Living Stream. Further studies should focus on the effectiveness of these strategies.

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20

Holmes, Lisa. "Exploring the preparedness of novice (student) paramedics for the mental health challenges of the paramedic profession: Using the wisdom of the Elders." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2018. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/2102.

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This study investigates the preparedness of novice (student) paramedics for the mental health challenges of the paramedic profession and identifies the coping strategies used by veteran paramedics to successfully meet these challenges. The lived experience of veteran paramedics is utilised to provide this important assistance. Initially, two surveys were developed and administered to 16 course coordinators and 302 students of the 16 accredited undergraduate degree paramedicine courses across Australia and New Zealand, to identify the perceived need (for preparation) within the curriculum. In addition, the anticipations, confidence and fears of novice (student) paramedics, course coordinators and veteran paramedics were also collected as a means to facilitate the preparedness through self-evaluation, reflection and discussion. Twenty semi-structured interviews with veteran paramedics, each with a minimum 15 years paramedic experience from across Australia and New Zealand, were conducted to gain an understanding of their experiences, mental health coping strategies and advice for novice (student) paramedics. Results from the interviews were validated by three focus groups comprised of six veteran paramedics each, representative of the geographic spread. All 16 course coordinators and 302 novice (student) paramedics responded to the surveys. Results suggest there is widespread recognition for the need to include preparation for the mental health challenges of the profession within accredited undergraduate paramedic courses with 100% of course coordinators and 97% of students recognising this need. The semi-structured interviews with veteran paramedics provided valuable insights into the experiences and strategies used to aid the survival of the veterans throughout their careers. Within the interviews 70% of participants expressed a sincere love for theparamedic role, and 70% identified black humour as the coping strategy most used by themselves and colleagues. In addition, extensive advice was given to novice (student) paramedics based on the veterans lived experiences. This advice focused comprised of three themes; support, health and the profession. The findings of the study indicate that the preparation of novice (student) paramedics for the mental health challenges of the paramedic profession throughout the undergraduate curriculum could be advantageous. By utilising the relatable data collected on the anticipation, confidence and fears of novices, course coordinators and veterans, the advice offered by the veteran paramedics can be included within undergraduate paramedic curricula and delivered by sharing the lived experiences of the veteran paramedics. These lived experiences are highly credible and an opportunity for veterans to contribute positively to the future of paramedicine. Guidelines for their inclusion to the paramedic curriculum have been prepared to facilitate the knowledge and commence the development of conscious coping strategies by novice (student) paramedics during their learning phase.

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21

Kaiser, Md Emrul. "Adoption of cloud computing in Australian agricultural industries." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2017. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/2011.

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The agricultural industry is integral to efforts of governments to feed an increasing world population. Its importance for the production of animals, plants, fibre, biofuel, has increased as climate change and other economic factors impact on food security. Innovations in technologies and portable devices have made positive impacts in agriculture. Farm management software, precision agriculture, automatic power systems, GPS sensors, RFID and crop sensors are now widely used in agricultural production systems throughout the world. Portable devices are pervasive in all parts of society including the agricultural industry. Cloud computing has brought new opportunities in the agricultural industry to increase productivity by providing new approaches to process and store agricultural data acquired from the field to large datacentres. The adoption of this technology is dependent on agricultural industry stakeholders understanding of how this innovative technology could be best used in their agricultural and business practices. The aim of this research is to investigate the factors determining the adoption of cloud computing (CC) in the agricultural industry in Australia. The research assessed the current understanding and usages of cloud computing in agricultural industry and examined the drivers and barriers in the adoption of the technology. A framework for the cloud computing adoption was also developed for an Australian agriculture context. The research was carried out as a case study based approach using mixed methods methodology. It consists of a literature review, questionnaires, interviews and quantitative data collection. This study carried out a situational analysis for different agricultural companies to understand their current situation regarding their IT infrastructure. Questionnaires and interviews were conducted for data collection and analysis of the current situation. Both private and government agricultural companies were investigated for the study. A total of 250 Australian agricultural companies, farm associations, farm federations and small farms were invited to participate in this research. System integrators and cloud solution providers, ICT solutions providers as well as organisations which are involved in agriculture research were contacted to take part in the questionnaire and interview study. This research gathered and analysed data related to agencies infrastructure, service providers (both internal and external), computer systems, database, applications, existing or future cloud services. Various hypotheses were examined to understand the influence of cloud computing adoption factors in the Australian agricultural industry. The hypotheses were designed based on Technological, Organisational and Environmental (TOE) framework, Diffusion of Innovation (DOI) theory and Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) which assist in determining positive or negative influence of the factor to adopt or reject new technology, particularly cloud computing in agriculture. Based on findings of this research a framework was developed for the cloud computing adoption in Australian agricultural industry for both private and government sectors. Questionnaire and interview analysis revealed four major elements which influence the adoption of cloud computing in Australian agriculture. These included Organisational, People, Technological and Environmental elements. Each element included a list of crucial factors of cloud computing adoption. Considerations and suggestions regarding adoption were developed in the proposed framework. The research provides further insight into the cloud computing adoption in the Australian agricultural industry context and provides strategies to private and government agricultural industries which will assist agricultural stakeholders to determine the best approaches its integration into current agricultural and business processes.

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22

Santarelli, Bruno. "Creativity, design and management in Australian fashion enterprises." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2016. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/1770.

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In this study a number of Australian fashion enterprises are investigated in an effort to understand how product development is managed and creativity facilitated. Of particular interest was the interaction between the various actors in the creative process and the manner in which they influenced creative output. The study was underpinned by a wideranging review of the literature that reflects the multidisciplinary nature of creativity and innovation in business. The study is timely because Australian fashion enterprises are operating in an increasingly challenging market with a perfect storm of competitive drivers at play. Technology enables instant dissemination of fashion trends and easy international shopping online. Tariff reductions and free trade agreements provide less protection for local manufacturers and revenues have contracted sharply in recent years. Retail revenues have flat-lined at a time when a number of global superbrands are opening stores in Australia with aggressive expansion plans. In response, government and industry groups are promoting product differentiation and innovation as key levers for competitiveness for Australian businesses. The reason for undertaking the study was to investigate contemporary product development practices, to identify barriers to creativity and find ways that enterprises can leverage the creative abilities of employees to improve innovation practices. Managers of six enterprises from a diverse range of markets and enterprise types agreed to participate in a descriptive study of their product development practices. The study deployed a qualitative case based methodology and used a combination of data collection types including participant observation and field observation, field interviews, documents and artefacts. The data was analysed within case for key contextual findings and across case for broader themes and patterns. Participant enterprises employed a variety of approaches to product development as described in the innovation literature (for example, Cappetta, Cillo, & Ponti, 2006; Cillo & Verona, 2008; Dell'Era & Verganti, 2007; Payne, 2011; Perks, Cooper, & Jones, 2005; Ward, Runcie, & Morris, 2009; Weller, 2007), with hybrid approaches at work in some cases. Management were not always aware of the practice implications for the various approaches, and though all participants deemed creativity important, it was not explicitly measured or rewarded. The dichotomy between management and creativity, a prevalent theme in the literature (for example, Adorno, 1997; Caves, 2000; Townley, Beech, & McKinlay, 2009), did not present strongly in the participant cases. Instead, more collaborative creative practices were in evidence where designers, merchandisers, sales and business managers developed and decided on product together. The study provides rich detail about collaborative product development practices at an operational level that balances the management and leadership focus of the literature by leading creativity scholars in the field (for example, Amabile, Schatzel, Moneta, & Kramer, 2004; Basadur, 2004; Černe, Jaklič, & Škerlavaj, 2013; Mumford, Scott, Gaddis, & Strange, 2002; Shalley & Gilson, 2004). Similar to Tran’s (2010) detailed study on the practice of fashion designers, this study provides a window into distributed creative processes involving a variety of actors. Cross case analysis has revealed a number of themes that have implications for practice. These include the need for greater alignment of product development with strategic intent; the influence of organisational structure and reporting on creative processes; and the need to develop metrics and performance management systems that focus specifically on creativity.

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23

Beckett, Ronald C., University of Western Sydney, College of Law and Business, and School of Management. "Learning organisations in high technology industries." THESIS_CB_MAN_Beckett_R.xml, 2001. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/299.

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This study describes an action research program, primarily within one company pursuing learning organisation concepts. The research was an integral part of the implication process, not involving case studies carried out after the event, or analysis prior to it, but an iterative mixture of both.Both the literature and case studies of various aspects of the operations of an Australian Aerospace company are used to help identify some particular practices that support organisational learning. A range of issues arising from the research are also discussed. A multi-faceted systems model of corporate memory is developed, and possible ways of obtaining leverage from that memory are discussed.The research identifies a number of competencies, processes and practices that need to be in place for organisational learning and knowledge management to be effective. It is suggested that a particular organisation may take many years to establish this portfolio of capabilities to the extent that they become the operating room.
Doctor of Business Administration

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24

Lee, Chao-Ying. "An empirical study of the impact of human resource configurations and intellectual capital on organisational performance in the Australian biotechnology industry." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2008. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/237.

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The objective of this study is to examine the impact of human resource (HR) configurations (combinations) and intellectual capital (lC) in the Australian biotechnology industry. This study investigates how HR configurations facilitate the development of IC elements, which, in turn, enhance organisational performance. More specifically, it explores how HR configurations affect an organisation's level of IC; which IC elements contribute the most to the organisational perfomance; and whether innovation capital acts as a mediating variable between the three IC elements (human, organisational, and social capital) and organisational performance or whether it acts as an independent variable.

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25

Weddikkara, Chitra. "The impact of professional culture on dispute resolution in the building industries of Australia and Sri-Lanka." Thesis, Weddikkara, Chitra (2003) The impact of professional culture on dispute resolution in the building industries of Australia and Sri-Lanka. PhD thesis, Murdoch University, 2003. https://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/395/.

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The construction industry poses a number of challenges to those working in it. One important challenge is that the industry is dependent upon human interactions in the management of building projects. In this environment it is important for those who manage the projects to deal with intricate relationships and to consider the emotions, interactions and various types of reasoning that lie behind the actions and decisions taken by the participants in the construction process. The issue for researchers is to gain a better understanding of the variables that affect the actions of the participants in this process. Such research demands sensitivity to the values, attitudes and behavior developed by the different occupational groupings. These factors according to Edgar Schein define the culture of a professional group. This research was conceived on the belief that the professionals in the construction industry brought to bear their own professional culture on the industry. It was necessary to have a better understanding of this culture in order to be able to resolve disputes that occur in the construction process. That is the impact of culturally deternlined values, attitudes and behavior of these professional groups. Therefore, this research is aimed at investigating the professional cultures of the participants who come together in a construction project. The question posed was whether they shared a culture or had differences, and if differences existed whetherthese differences had an effect on the reactions of each of the groups to disputes and their resolution. A survey was carried out among professional groups in Australia and Sri-Lanka and the survey data from both countries were analyzed using statistical tests. The results show that professional groups share similarities in professional culture as well as differences. It also showed that these cultural differences created an adversarial atmosphere among construction project participants. It was also found that introducing a party outside of the usual professional groups would be beneficial in the resolution process. Respondents were of the opinion that the third party outside of the construction team could be a lawyer. This type of research is still new within the field of construction. The contributions of this work are to link professional culture and conflict and give some indication how such conflict could be addressed. In this context by identifying the values attitudes and behavior of professional groups the subject of conflict and disputes could be beneficially addressed through professional education.

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26

Weddikkara, Chitra. "The impact of professional culture on dispute resolution in the building industries of Australia and Sri-Lanka." Weddikkara, Chitra (2003) The impact of professional culture on dispute resolution in the building industries of Australia and Sri-Lanka. PhD thesis, Murdoch University, 2003. http://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/395/.

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The construction industry poses a number of challenges to those working in it. One important challenge is that the industry is dependent upon human interactions in the management of building projects. In this environment it is important for those who manage the projects to deal with intricate relationships and to consider the emotions, interactions and various types of reasoning that lie behind the actions and decisions taken by the participants in the construction process. The issue for researchers is to gain a better understanding of the variables that affect the actions of the participants in this process. Such research demands sensitivity to the values, attitudes and behavior developed by the different occupational groupings. These factors according to Edgar Schein define the culture of a professional group. This research was conceived on the belief that the professionals in the construction industry brought to bear their own professional culture on the industry. It was necessary to have a better understanding of this culture in order to be able to resolve disputes that occur in the construction process. That is the impact of culturally deternlined values, attitudes and behavior of these professional groups. Therefore, this research is aimed at investigating the professional cultures of the participants who come together in a construction project. The question posed was whether they shared a culture or had differences, and if differences existed whetherthese differences had an effect on the reactions of each of the groups to disputes and their resolution. A survey was carried out among professional groups in Australia and Sri-Lanka and the survey data from both countries were analyzed using statistical tests. The results show that professional groups share similarities in professional culture as well as differences. It also showed that these cultural differences created an adversarial atmosphere among construction project participants. It was also found that introducing a party outside of the usual professional groups would be beneficial in the resolution process. Respondents were of the opinion that the third party outside of the construction team could be a lawyer. This type of research is still new within the field of construction. The contributions of this work are to link professional culture and conflict and give some indication how such conflict could be addressed. In this context by identifying the values attitudes and behavior of professional groups the subject of conflict and disputes could be beneficially addressed through professional education.

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27

Cook, John S. "Culture, control and accountability in community enterprises among the Tiwi." Master's thesis, Northern Territory University, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/268567.

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This study reviews factors which have been found to affect the operation of Aboriginal enterprises in Australia and discuss these in relation to three empirical case studies of Aboriginal community enterprises located at Nguiu, Bathurst Island. In order to provide a theoretical framework within which valid questions concerning Aboriginal management might be formulated, what is generally known regarding the management and organisational development of Aboriginal enterprises was first discussed. Factors to do with historical and contemporary operations, Aboriginal attributes and the high degree of non-Aboriginal control over Aboriginal organisations were seen to be of major importance in understanding the problems for Aboriginal management and organisational development Importantly, the integrated social and economic life in communities appears to have a major impact on the success or failure of enterprise operations.

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Mahoney, J. T. "Industrial democracy and employee participation in Australia /." 1987. http://adt.lib.utas.edu.au/public/adt-TU20051012.112200.

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29

Mahony, JT. "Industrial democracy and employee participation in Australia." 1988. http://eprints.utas.edu.au/216.

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This paper on industrial democracy and employee participation aims at reaching a conclusion on the likely future of these concepts in this country over say, the next decade. An integral part of this aim will be some observations on what might be the most appropriate form(s) which will serve the wide-ranging interests of the protagonists and what strategy options might be available to encourage and facilitate an expansion of participative practices. The approach adopted relies on a search of the extant literature including research findings and reviews, theoretical analyses, documented experiences and comments and observations by a wide range of writers on the subject. From these sources a background of historical and current expectations, attitudes and activities is built up to provide the basis for the conclusions which this paper aims to make. Worker alienation in industry has been debated since Karl Marx wrote of the plight of workers under industrial capitalism. Alienation exists and can be identified when 'workers are unable to control their immediate work processes, to develop a sense of'purpose and function which connects their job to the overall organisation of production, to belong to integrated industrial communities and when they.fai1 to become involved in the activity of work as a mode of personal self-expression'.Alienation is characterised by powerlessness, meaninglessness, isolation and selfestrangement. The concept of alienation is still of importance throughout the world today and seems to be reduced significantly by the introduction of participative practices directly involving the worker. There is an impressive array of research findings which show consistently that satisfaction in work is enhanced by a genuine increase in workers' decision-making power. Since the days of the industrial revolution few ideas have persisted and been pursued from a multitude of directions as some form of democracy in the arena of industrial labour. Clearly, the concept is one of long standing and there are a number of compelling reasons why it should be addressed by contemporary society. In general, the case for industrial democracy and worker participation rests on a number of arguments which may be classified as the political, moral and economic arguments. The political argument relates to the need to extend democracy from the political to the industrial arena and this can be achieved by allowing workers to have a greater say in decision making at work. The moral argument is about the need to provide for the personal development and satisfaction of individual worker. The several tenets of democracy, viz., freedom of expression, access to information, participation and equality, must be the prerogative of everyone if we are to have a truly democratic society. These principles must extend into every facet of life, not least of all, the workplace. Efforts to improve the quality of worklife must be regarded as a social issue because it impacts on the lives of such a large proportion of the population. The moral argument is of such fundamental importance and has such far reaching implications for society that the case for industrial democracy and participation conceivably could be justified on this ground alone. Finally, the economic argument relates to the belief that participation will improve productivity and industrial relations. One of the prime reasons advanced is that participation fosters a more cooperative attitude between workers and management which raises productivity by reducing industrial stoppages. It can be argued that this concept of using participation to improve productivity looks upon the worker as a special kind of factor of production and whose special characteristics must be taken into account if effectiveness is to be maximised. This contrasts with the view that democracy is a right of the worker. The continuing debate suggests that there are some basic human problems of industrial organisation for which various concepts of industrial democracy and participation are seen as possible solutions. In essence, the debate indicates that the fundamental concerns relate to the sharing of power between workers and management; effective co-operation between all members of an enterprise in the interests of efficiency and effectiveness and/or industrial harmony; and the personal fulfillment of the members of the enterprise. There is adequate justification for the debate to be continued and intensified in this country. Certainly, in recent years there has been renewed interest in the subject brought about largely by the need for improved competitiveness and efficiency and by the demands of a better educated and organised workforce for greater involvement in those aspects which impact upon their worklife. The relevance of this paper is thus will established. The subject is approached by firstly examining in Chapter 2 definitions, forms and levels of implementation of participation. Understanding the concepts involved is of greater importance than lengthy definitional debates but clarification of the meanings of the terms 'industrial democracy' and 'employee participation' does facilitate further discussion. Along with these considerations the chapter also examines the primary forms of participation and whether there is any relationship between the form of participation practised and the level within the enterprise at which this occurs. Chapter 3 analyses three models of participation in use in development, implementation and effectiveness of such schemes and to ascertain what lessons these hold for the development of participatory schemes in Australia. Three European schemes have been selected, viz., joint consultation, co-determination and worker management, as they represent quite a broad spectrum of participatory processes. Contemporary Australian developments are examined in Chapter 4 to determine the form, content and thrust of the activities undertaken, the current state of progress including the attitudes of the principal parties and whether there has been any shift in direction and/or emphasis since the early 1970's.. Chapter 5 then provides information about specific Australian experiences with the European models of participation dealt with in Chapter 3 together with the effectiveness of these models in the Australian industrial environment. It seems that the way ahead in Australia will be predicated on the basis of factors such as the attitudes and actions of governments, employers and unions; the experiences of the last decade or so and the barriers to an expansion of democracy in the workplace. Chapter 6 examines these factors to determine the likely future of the democratisation of work and the strategy options available to encourage and facilitate an expansion of participatory practices.

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30

Nayak, Raveendra. "Developing sustainable corporations in Australia." 2006. http://adt.lib.swin.edu.au/public/adt-VSWT20060320.110540/index.html.

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Анотація:

Thesis (PhD) - Australian Graduate School of Entrepreneurship, Faculty of Business and Enterprise, Swinburne University of Technology, 2006.
This thesis is submitted in fulfillment of the requirements for the degree Doctor of Philosophy, Australian Graduate School of Entrepreneurship, Faculty of Business and Enterprise, Swinburne University of Technology - 2006. Typescript. Includes bibliographical references (p. 213-231).

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31

Bohemia, Erik. "Lean manufacturing and its impact on the role of industrial designers in Australia /." 2002. http://www.library.unsw.edu.au/~thesis/adt-NUN/public/adt-NUN20031023.100518/index.html.

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32

Keer, Fiona Kate. "Organisational cultures of safety and regulatory effectiveness : the Civil Aviation Safety Authority's fatigue risk management systems in Australian general aviation." Phd thesis, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/150533.

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33

Low, David R., University of Western Sydney, and College of Business. "Innovation and its interaction with market orientation : a study of Australian manufacturing SMEs." 2006. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/15430.

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Анотація:

In pursuing sustainable competetive advantage, firms undertake a range of strategic initiatives such as innovation, customer relationship management, entering new markets overseas, and competetive actions within current marketplaces. Studies that examine these initiatives generally investigate the firm's strategy by either: (i) focussing on one strategy only, and examining its impact on firm performance and the role of employees in the implementation of this strategy; or (ii) studying the interaction of two or more strategies. This study explores the interaction between two strategies, innovation and market orientation, and identifies key components of the market orientation construct that interact with the innovation process. This study utilised both quantitative and qualitative techniques. The quantitative data collection used scales which had been previously developed that show high reliability and have gained a level of acceptance in the literature. A survey was sent to companies that matched the target population characteristics. The survey measured five things : (a) the market orientation of the firm, (b) the innovativeness of the firm, (c) the firm performance, (d)aspects of the firm's competetive environment, and (e) changes in the firm's competetive environment. The data analysed was gathered using appropriate statistical techniques. The qualitative research comprised a sermi-structured interview with key informants from a sample of the organisations who participated in the participated in the quantitative data. This study crossed two distict general disciplines, that of marketing and management, and presents four key findings (a) that firm innovation and firm market orientation are strategic reactions to changes in the market environment, (b)that market orientation is a part of the firm's innovation process, (c) information about customers and competitors is used in the innovation process when assessing the need to innovate, and (d) the employee is the link between market orientation and the firm's innovation process.
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)

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34

Holmes, Anne Elizabeth. "Institutional change, the division of labour among firms and the Australian pharmaceuticals industry." Phd thesis, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/149619.

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35

Sablok, Gitika. "Employee voice in foreign owned multinational enterprises in Australia." Thesis, 2014. https://vuir.vu.edu.au/25678/.

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Анотація:

This thesis sets out to examine the use and character of employee voice practices in foreign owned multinational enterprises operating in Australia. It specifically focuses on the impact of union presence and a strategic human resource management approach on the employee voice practices. To address the research questions a quantitative research method was adopted utilising a questionnaire. This was conducted through face to face interviews with the HR managers of a sample of 171 foreign owned multinational enterprises operating in Australia. To examine the character of employee voice practices, frequencies and cross tabulations were conducted. Logistic regression analysis was carried out to determine the influence of a union presence and strategic human resource management approach on employee voice practices. The findings provide a comprehensive snapshot of the current character and influences of employee voice approaches adopted by multinational enterprises in the Australian context. This thesis demonstrates that foreign owned multinational enterprises are high-level users of the full range of direct employee voice mechanisms with the exceptions of use of employee suggestion schemes. Indirect methods such as trade union recognition and the use of joint consultation committees across all sites were not utilised to the same extent. It was also found that trade union presence and a strategic human resource management approach; greenfield site and country of origin affect the employee voice approach adopted. High trade union presence is associated with an indirect employee voice approach. A low trade union presence is associated with a direct or a minimalist approach to employee voice. A strategic human resource management approach is associated with both direct and dualistic approaches to employee voice. Implications can be drawn for theory and management practice.

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36

Watters, Robyn. "Exploring the impacts of organisational change : a structured prediction approach." Thesis, 2011. https://vuir.vu.edu.au/18967/.

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This was a qualitative, single case study that investigated the operational and relational dynamics of a multifaceted change process within a large Australian company. The Company had an extremely complex organisation and supply-chain structure and often its entities were severely impacted by change in a number of different ways, at various levels within the organisation. This set in play a cause and effect scenario of dysfunctional events resulting in supply-chain procedural anomalies and operational inefficiencies. The literature revealed other industry types were also susceptible to change and had suffered operational inefficiencies as a result. This study adopted a multi-theoretical approach to explore the complexity of organisation change with a number of paradigms used to guide the data collection and analysis processes. Moreover, the study combined qualitative case study and systems analysis and design (SA&D) methods in the research design, which added to the quality and reliability of the research findings. The data analysis methods used included triangulation and conceptual modelling.

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37

James, Karli Louise. "Environmental life cycle costs in the Australian food packaging supply chain." Thesis, 2003. https://vuir.vu.edu.au/15613/.

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Анотація:

There is increasing evidence that external and internal pressures are being placed upon companies to acknowledge, characterise and analyse environmental issues, impacts and costs. It has been argued that companies will increasingly be faced with responsibilities extending outside the factory gate to point of sale and beyond. Companies will need to adopt a life cycle perspective into the decision making framework, to support managements' decisions regarding the environmental impacts and costs of activities and products. The aim of this thesis is to explore the environmental impacts and environmental costs recognition and management within companies in the Australian food packaging supply chain. A grounded theory approach is used to develop propositions from the findings that can be tested in further research. A qualitative case study approach is undertaken using face-to-face interviews with Environmental Managers of twenty-seven companies that operate within the Australian food packaging supply chain.

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38

Wood, Erin. "Pilot Salary Determination in Australia's Domestic Airlines from Whitlam to Keating." Thesis, 1997. https://vuir.vu.edu.au/238/.

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This thesis places the 1989 Australian domestic pilots and airlines dispute in the context of pilot industrial relations 'norms', pilot industrial relations history and the political and economic environment. The aim is to gain a greater understanding of the 1989 dispute and to answer questions such as whether the dispute stood out from its context as an inexplicable development. It was discovered that the reasons behind the dispute went well beyond the AFAP claim for a 29.47% salary increase. The dispute built up over a lengthy period and can only be properly understood by considering: - the nature of the pilot community and pilot militancy, - the history of pilot industrial relations, - pilot bargaining patterns, - the individuals involved in pilot industrial relations, - the impact of the Accord on pilot bargaining, - the interventionist approach of labor governments to pilot industrial relations, - the roles of the ACTU and the AIRC, - the impact of neo-corporatism in the Australian industrial relations system, - the impact of aviation deregulation, - the impact of economic fortunes, - any many others... Pilot industrial relations and salary determination will be considered in the period since the Whitlam Government, with reference to the parties, the influences upon them and the environment in which their relationships were conducted. Emphasis will be given to the implications for and of the 1989 dispute. Observations shall also be made about the future of pilot industrial relations.

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39

Grant, Mary T. "Practical Experiences that Signal the Employability of Graduates from Undergraduate Sport Management Programs During Job Recruitment and Selection." Thesis, 2022. https://vuir.vu.edu.au/43675/.

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Анотація:

A high expectation exists from managers in the sport management (SM) industry sector for graduates from undergraduate (UG) SM programs to have extensive practical experience and employability. It is unclear however, from the literature reviewed, of the contribution practical experience plays to graduate employability. Also unclear is how SM employers recognise employable graduates. The purpose of this Australian-based research was to determine how practical experience can align the learning, development, and subsequent capacity of graduates from UG SM programs, to transparently signal their employability during job recruitment and selection. This purpose was refined into three research questions with specific foci. The first research question focused on differentiating and defining SM job classifications to identify broad SM role functions. Associated with these role functions are the skills, attributes, and corresponding knowledge that UGs should develop while undertaking practical experiences in an UG SM program. The focus of the second research question was to examine how learning and development gained from practical experience can transparently be converted into employability signals and observed by prospective SM employers during job recruitment and selection. The third research question focused on providing recommendations to managers from the SM industry sector and coordinators of UG SM programs to assist both sectors prepare UGs to be employable graduates. A mixed methods approach was adopted in three stages. In Stage One a job advertisement audit was conducted of 200 graduate-entry SM positions that stipulated a tertiary qualification and practical experience as prerequisites. The data were analysed through text coding and using descriptive statistics. In Stage Two, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 10 sport managers identified from the job audit. The interview transcripts were coded and thematically analysed. Stage Three involved the conduct of an online employability survey which incorporated eight Employability Dimensions (Rosenberg et al., 2012) with corresponding items, garnering responses from 165 sport managers. However, following data cleansing, 92 responses were analysed using non-parametric statistics.

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40

Firth, Lucy. "Learning in industry, innovation and growth." Thesis, 1997. https://vuir.vu.edu.au/15421/.

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This thesis investigates issues of learning, innovation and growth by considering arguments from disparate schools of theory, and by an empirical investigation. The development of new growth theory models that demonstrate sustained growth driven by endogenous learning and innovation is reviewed. The importance of learning to the growth mechanisms of many of these models suggests that the new growth theories may have a contribution to make on the understanding of learning in industry. However, it is found that, in focusing on advancing neoclassical growth theory, the new growth theories have introduced learning in scenarios that are schematic and designed to suit the modelling enterprise rather than to capture the nature and process of learning in industry.

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41

Moore, Aidan. ""It was all about the working class” : Norm Gallagher, the BLF and the Australian Labor Movement." Thesis, 2013. https://vuir.vu.edu.au/22018/.

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The deregistration and dismemberment of the Builders Labourers’ Federation (BLF), which was executed by Federal and State Labor Governments, was one of the most significant events in Australian industrial relations history. The union and its general secretary, Norm Gallagher, continue to excite passionate debate whenever their names are invoked. Portrayed as the ugly face of trade unionism, Gallagher and the BLF provided national and state Labor Party reformers with a timely mechanism through which they could both assert their dominance over the Party and broaden its electoral appeal. This thesis incorporates BLF activities into the larger story of Labor Party transmutation that occurred between the 1960s and 1980s. By examining these shifts in the Labor Party through the prisms of Gallagher and the BLF, we can better understand Labor’s decision to deregister and ultimately destroy the union. The thesis argues that the trajectories taken by the BLF and the ALP were sufficiently divergent that conflict was inevitable. Drawing on a range of key sources, this thesis provides a new assessment of BLF deregistration, the schisms it opened up within both the Labor Party and Conservative interests, and the way in which destruction of a union represented a critical moment in Australian political and industrial history.

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42

Bowling, Jill R. "Technology, welfare and intensive animal farming : case studies of the poultry and pig industries." Phd thesis, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/130320.

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This thesis examines the use of new technology in the post-war Australian poultry and pig industries and the implications of this technology for animal welfare. The literature on animal welfare and technology adoption has been brought together using an organisations perspective. It is argued that in order to understand why new technology has been adopted it is necessary to examine the organisations and institutions which influence farmer decision-making. Farmers are constrained to varying degrees by the organisations and institutions in their operational environment and as they have adopted increasingly sophisticated technology developed off the farm they have lost further control over decision-making. The theoretical framework emphasises the interaction between farmers and organisations but also takes account of the wider political economy and the role of individuals. The separate chapters discuss the changes that have occurred in the layer, broiler and pig industries. The use of intensive technology has increased efficiency and reduced uncertainty in the production process. Balanced against these advantages are welfare disadvantages. Intensive technology has been criticised by welfare groups who have put new pressures on farmers. As a result farmers have been placed in a difficult situation: to remain economically viable they have been forced to adopt new technology yet at the same time they have been criticised for using it. Analysis focuses on the differing perspectives taken by the major groups in the welfare debate in order to clarify their positions. The determination of welfare is discussed with reference to the problems involved in assessing optimum or even acceptable conditions. There are a number of areas in which welfare and farm profits can be improved together, and others where increased animal welfare will incur higher costs. These will have to be met by the consumer, either directly through higher prices or indirectly through subsidies to the industries.

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43

Bunzel, Dirk, University of Western Sydney, and Faculty of Business. "Real numbers, imaginary guests, and fantastic experiences : the Grand Seaside Hotel and the discursive construction of customer service." 2000. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/27816.

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Based on a fourteen-month period of ethnographic research conducted in an Australian Coastal hotel, this thesis explores the issues of management in a flexible organization. Using a textual approach to the study of organizations, the thesis focusses on the customer service discourse, its constituents, and the processes of its symbolic (re-) production in the hotel studied. Using a variety of textual data-among them academic publications from authors as diverse as Foucault, Clegg, Haugaard, Ritzer and Castoriadis; various forms of fieldnotes; and detailed descriptions of ritual and ceremonial events - the thesis not only provides a vivid account of organizational life at the hotel, it also identifies aspects of the latter such as meetings, training and reward programmes, and customer response schemes, as disciplinary technologies applied to govern both employees and customers. Extending the considerations about the disciplinary qualities of the customer service discourse and linking them with the issues of new forms of control as recently debated in the larger field of organization studies, the thesis will identify the processes of imagination, normalization, and subjugation as central to the establishment of a new management doctrine: corporate culturism. This discussion will also reveal the essentially hybrid nature of control under this new doctrine and it will expose the process of managing meaning as fundamental to its constitution and endurance. Respectively, the thesis will identify the hotel studied as an organization that thrives on corporate culturism. As the thesis represents a contribution to the field of (organizational) ethnography, it will - by recurrently reflecting on some of the contemporary debates in the field- implicitly address status and practicability of empirical (ethnographic) research in a postmodern world.
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)

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44

Kruger, Heleen Philippine. "The social and institutional aspects of industry-driven fruit fly area-wide management in Australian horticulture industries." Phd thesis, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/201671.

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Анотація:

Queensland fruit fly (Bactrocera tryoni) (QFly) is one of Australia’s most problematic horticultural pests. Key pesticides traditionally used to manage the pest, fenthion and dimethoate, have recently been restricted, resulting in area-wide management (AWM) of QFly becoming a key recommended practice. AWM involves management of the entire pest population by coordinating management strategies across all key pest sources throughout a geographical region. If successful, AWM requires fewer pesticides than traditional farm-by-farm approaches as it reduces the overall pest pressure in a region. It can potentially contribute to supporting market access to QFly-sensitive markets. Success depends on achieving and maintaining cooperation between a critical mass of landholders with QFly hosts on their land as unmanaged hosts provide breeding places for QFly. The increased push for AWM coincides with state governments tending to reduce direct on-ground support for pest management. It is increasingly up to local industries to take the reins of implementing AWM programs. A considerable literature about AWM is available, but it focuses mainly on technical and economic aspects. This research investigated the social and institutional aspects of industry-driven AWM programs based on two research questions: (1) What social and institutional factors influence the success of industry-driven AWM at the local level and how can success be maximised?; and (2) What are the main constraints to an enabling environment for industry-driven AWM implementation and how can these be mitigated? Three case studies, together with literature about socio-ecological systems, were explored to answer question 1. This involved 43 semi-structured interviews, three focus groups and a grower survey involving 98 respondents across the cases. Question 2 was answered based on 33 semi-structured interviews with people operating in the broader QFly management innovation system, representing the technological, institutional, organisational and operational aspects of the QFly domain. These findings together with the grower survey results were analysed through the lens of Agricultural Innovation Systems thinking. The research found that the feasibility of industry-driven AWM depends on factors at the local level and within the broader QFly management innovation system. Locally, a social profile favourable to AWM includes a relatively homogenous grower community; high levels of social capital; existing opportunities to monitor compliance; and a high ratio between those who have an incentive to manage QFly and those who do not. As every region is unique, AWM is best approached through adaptive co-management to bolster local QFly knowledge and support a common narrative and adaptive capacity. This involves ‘learning by doing’ and drawing on different knowledge systems including QFly biology and behaviour; market access; community engagement; and different forms of local knowledge. Market access requirements are best seen as ‘bolt-on’ components. To carry out adaptive co-management, local industries need to be able to readily access the needed knowledge, capabilities and resources. The broader QFly management innovation system needs to be responsive to meeting these needs. Training for key local stakeholders can assist in overcoming limited local capacities. This work found that in the multi-level biosecurity world, the local level can easily become disconnected. Knowledge brokers and interconnected innovation platforms can ensure strong two-way information flow between local programs and other players, such as policy-makers, researchers and market access personnel. Other key difficulties to local industries include the reliance on voluntary approaches for securing wide-spread support and establishing a sustainable income. Complementary policy mechanisms tailored to local conditions to back-up industry-driven approaches are recommended. This research makes an important contribution to successful future QFly management by complementing prevailing high investment in improving QFly management technologies.

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45

Beverland, Michael. "A grounded model of organisational development and change: evolution in the Australian and New Zealand wine industries." 2002. http://arrow.unisa.edu.au:8081/1959.8/28286.

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Анотація:

The study of organisational development is central to the discipline of management. Despite an array of models, our systematic knowledge of how organisations grow remains limited, with the dominant models of organisational development offering, at best, partial explanations of firm growth. The dominant schools of organisational development generally emphasise one source of change drivers (e.g., internal vs. external), as opposed to providing a more holistic and complete account of organisational development. There is also a lack of focus in the organisational development literature on the phenomena of continuous change. The literature remains dominated by examinations of radical, second order or discontinuous change, which often provides useful information on how firms deal with crises, but provides little by way of advice on how to avoid such crises in the first place.
PhD Doctorate

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46

Jia, Xinting. "Balancing convergence and divergence : governance in the resources sector in China and Australia." Thesis, 2007. https://vuir.vu.edu.au/29778/.

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47

Singh, Harpreet. "An Innovative Learning Management Approach for improving learning practices in Australian University Context." Thesis, 2021. https://vuir.vu.edu.au/43992/.

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Анотація:

With rapid expansion in knowledge streams over the last few years, the role of relevant education models and mechanisms have become increasingly important. Smarter Learning Management Systems (LMS) devised to enable student learnings at the university level have proven to be effective, yet the previous research points to the lack of employers’ perspective in the design of such systems. To bridge the existing gaps in the learning management systems, this study applied Design Science Research Methodology to design and develop an LMS artefact. This informed by the analysis of qualitative data collected from a random sample of students in graduate and post-graduate programs and teachers from universities in Melbourne, Australia. This artefact is a mobile-based application named Student Career Assistance System (SCAS). SCAS was designed, developed and evaluated in accordance with the DSR methodologies towards creating a solution which caters to the information and learning needs of the students, teachers and employers in an integrated manner. This thesis by publication consists of four papers. Article 1 developed a theoretical analysis based on the Smart Education concept under which a systematic literature review is conducted. The purpose of this work is to provide a theoretical foundation for an initial innovative approach called Students Career Assistance System (SCAS) by describing the present state of Smart Education research. Article 2 initialises the concept of developing a cloud based collective platform with industry involvement in the Learning systems. Article 3 builds and assesses a novel idea of mobile-based learning technology for strengthening current LMS techniques using and assessing Design Science Research Methodology. For this a pilot study has been conducted and interviewed stakeholders. Article 4 details the design research and process towards development of an integrated learning management system and its evaluation using qualitative findings. Qualitative research conducted with user groups both revealed and confirmed the lack of integration of employability functions in existing learning management systems. In case of select systems with employment functions, lack of awareness regarding the same was reported by both students and teachers. Additionally, it was found that separate employment platforms deployed in the institutions were also not being used by the students because of lack of awareness, thereby making a stronger case for inclusion of the employment functionality within the primary LMS. This can allow students to seamlessly greater clarity regarding career pathways after graduation. In fact, students reported lack of clarity about career pathways after graduation because of lack of exposure to the industry employers. Certain functionalities of SCAS like ‘Jobs’ and ‘Portfolios’ also have the potential of saving time and money resources for different user-groups. This study also outlines key areas for the investigation which primarily include security concerns such as data integrity, information confidentiality and entity authentication for data availability. This study concludes through an evaluation of the SCAS artefact, deriving insights and recommendations for further development of the artefact. The key recommendations include integration of existing online products and services to address the privacy and security concerns of the user groups in a manner that enables the platform in facilitating dynamic conversations between the students, teachers and employers.

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48

Townsend, Robert. "An examination of the relationship between Australian Council e-Tender spend and executive strategy: an institutional approach." Thesis, 2018. https://vuir.vu.edu.au/38661/.

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Анотація:

This DBA Dissertation reports on the barriers preventing a relationship between Australian council e-Tender monetary spend and executive strategy, developed from seven Australian mid-range councils across three states. Every year councils spend billions of dollars on procurement of goods, services, works and information to fund community facilities. Electronic Tender (e-Tender), as a determined sub-set of e-Procurement, is an important acquisition activity. The significance of e-Tender through a tender management portal (TMP) was the initial focus of this research project, a subject not examined in previous research. Through the data collection phase the focus changed to the value of the e-Tender monetary spend. The existing research proposes council’s measure e-Procurement (not specifically e-Tender) expenditure and the arguments for this position are explored through their practice dimensions. The practice leads to theories and the perspective exposes the tension between strategic mimicry and acquiescence responses to institutional logics and variant economics which were found to legitimise and entrench practice barriers. The pervasiveness of council procurement is tied to the themes extracted from the case studies showing pressures between the council procurement structure, regulatory compliance, operational effectiveness and shared services or aggregators as practitioners of collaboration. Qualitative methods of interviews and case studies coupled with a back-and-forth abductive process of systematic combining through pragmatic lens enabled development of an own agenda serendipitous research methodology. This strategy responds to calls for reflective learning facets of case studies to advance research in the Purchasing and Supply Management field. This research project will increase the understanding of the dynamic and evolving nature of council e-Tender through a TMP and the value of tender spend as an inclusion in executive strategy, thereby commencing a conversation on council tender epistemology, research avenues yet unexplored. This DBA Dissertation makes a contribution to knowledge in the field of Australian middle range councils through the empirical research and the ensuing development of a tender spend/income ratio as a performance indicator. What was striking is the financial volume of tender spend not recognised across council: although not explicitly stated, acquiescence guides council reasoning for non-inclusion of this essential management data within executive strategy. This research is a contribution to the growing importance of understanding the digitalisation of practice and the impact on all stakeholders.

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49

Kou, Jiaying. "Analysing Housing Price in Australia with Data Science Methods." Thesis, 2022. https://vuir.vu.edu.au/43940/.

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Анотація:

Housing market price prediction is a major and important challenge in economics. Since the 2008 global financial crisis, researchers, economists, and politicians around the world have increasingly drawn attention to the need of better understanding housing market behaviour, since the failure to predict housing market crisis ahead of time had led to catastrophic global damage. On the other hand, around the same time, we have seen the revolution of information technology and artificial intelligence in the last two decades. The advent of powerful cloud and high performance computing systems, big data, and advanced machine learning algorithms have demonstrated new applications and advantages in cutting-edge research and technology areas such as pattern recognition, bioinformatics, natural language processing, and product recommendation systems. Can we make the leap of improving our understanding of housing market behaviour by leveraging these recent advances in artificial intelligence and newly available big data? This is the main theme of the thesis. There is strong motivation to explore the application of data science methods, including new large datasets and advanced machine learning algorithm, to accelerate our understanding of housing market problems for the benefit of the common good. In order to understand housing market behaviour, we divide the problem into two major steps: first, to improve understanding of housing appraisal (at microlevel), which is to predict housing price at the point level given a fixed timeframe; second, to improve understanding of the trend prediction (at macro level), which is to predict the housing price trend for a specific place during a time interval. For these two major steps, we improve upon traditional economic modelling by: • Adding new, non-traditional variables/features to our models, such as location-based Point of Interests, regional economic clusters, qualitative index, searching index, and newspaper articles • Applying machine learning algorithms for data analysis, such as non-linear algorithms, K-Nearest-Neighbour, Support Vector Machine, Gradient Boost, and sentiment analysis Specifically, in Chapter 3, we focus on the development of Location-Based Social Network (LBSN) for our micro-level housing appraisal modelling. A good location goes beyond the direct benefits from its neighbourhood. By leveraging housing data, neighbourhood data, regional economic cluster data and demographic data, we build a housing appraisal model, named HNED. Unlike most previous statistical and machine learning based housing appraisal research, which limit their investigations to neighbourhoods within 1km radius of the house, we expand the investigation beyond the local neighbourhood and to the whole metropolitan area, by introducing the connection to significant influential economic nodes, which we term Regional Economic Clusters. Specifically, we introduce regional economic clusters within the metropolitan range into the housing appraisal model, such as the connection to CBD, workplace, or the convenience and quality of big shopping malls and university clusters. When used with the gradient boosting algorithm 2 XGBoost to perform housing price appraisal, HNED reached 0.88 in R . In addition, we found that the feature vector from Regional Economic Clusters alone reached 0.63 in R2, significantly higher than all traditional features. Chapter 3 focuses on the exploration and validation of HNED modelling. In Chapter 4 and Chapter 5, we focus on macro-level housing price trend prediction. We fill the gap between the traditional macro-level housing market modelling and new developments of the concept of irrationality in microeconomic theories, by collecting and analysing economic behavioural data, such as real estate opinions in local newspaper articles, and people’s web searching behaviour as captured by Google Trend Index. In Chapter 4, we discuss the usage of micro-level behavioural data for understanding macro-level housing market behaviour. We use sentiment analysis to examine local newspaper articles discussing real estate at a suburb level in inner-west Sydney, Australia. We then calculate the media sentiment index by using two different methods, and compare them with each other and the housing price index. The use of media sentiment index can serve as a finer-grained guiding tool to facilitate decision-making for home buyers, investors, researchers and policy makers. In Chapter 5, we discuss how new developments of behavioural economic theory indicate that the information from decision-making at the micro-level will bring a new solution to the age-old problem of economic forecasting. It provides the theoretical link between irrationality and big data methods. Specifically, Google Trend Index is included as a new variable in a time series auto-regression model to forecast housing market cycles. To summarise the contributions of the thesis, we conclude that this is a successful early attempt to study housing price problems using data science methods, by leveraging newly available data sets and applying novel machine learning methods. Specifically, location-based social data improves the housing appraisal modelling. Human behaviour for housing market is analysed by introducing local newspaper articles and Google Trend Index into the modelling and analysis.

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Downard, Andrew. "Predicting Supply Chain Dyadic Relationship Success: A Qualitative Study of Dyads in Australia." Thesis, 2018. https://vuir.vu.edu.au/38629/.

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Анотація:

Supply chain dyadic relationships are considered important to effective supply chain management. Hence measuring the state of supply chain dyadic relationships (SCDR) between a buyer and a supplier is necessary. A number of methods to measure the dyadic relationship have been proposed by researchers. A review of the extant literature on these relationship measurement systems has revealed some areas for improvement. It reveals that existing systems overly focus on a limited range of elements, such as trust or collaboration, and do not always contain all the elements that make up a successful SCDR. A second shortfall lies in measurement approaches which assume a fully developed relationship so that participants have a good understanding of the other party in relation to inter-personal vs inter-organisational, and psychological contract vs physical contract. A better measurement system would predict future relationship success at the earliest stages of the relationship formation. Drawing on transaction cost economics (TCE) and social exchange theory (SET) perspectives, this research, therefore, aims to gain a deeper understanding of the dyadic relationship measurement elements and improving them further to make up a list of holistic SCDR elements with a focus on predicting the supply chain relationship success. The research has used multi-stage approach in a longitudinal study. The first stage of the research was a literature review to isolate the SCDR elements previously identified. These elements were then confirmed via interviews with an expert panel of practitioners with experience operating within SCDRs. Participants were gathered from both the buy side and sell side of the relationship. The second stage of the research used these qualified SCDR elements to develop a questionnaire that attempted to predict the future state of that relationship. This questionnaire was administered via an on-line platform to a small number of early stage SCDRs. Results were fed back to the participating dyads for comment. Finally, after a period of six months had elapsed, a follow up interview was held to find out whether the predictions from the assessment were accurate. The results of the research indicated that the SCDR elements from the literature were confirmed by the expert panel with the addition of ‘culture matching’ as a new element. The questionnaire was found to be useful by the participants in stage two and in each case the results were a prediction of SCDR success. This was confirmed by the follow up interviews after more than six months had occurred with all participants intending to continue with the relationship. The creation and testing of the SCDR assessment tool has a number of potentially useful implications. Theoretically, the elements that make up a supply chain dyadic relationship (SCDR) from the literature have been confirmed and enhanced by the addition of culture matching. This helps researchers to understand how SCDRs work when formulating future research projects. Confirmation that it is feasible to predict the likely success of a relationship, be it a SCDR or other business relationship, is also likely to be useful in future research. For management practices, supply chain executives will have access to a tool that pays attention to the organisational culture that can be used to predict success or potential failure of a putative SCDR. This will be a useful aid to help practitioners to avoid the expense of replacing an unsuccessful SCDR, which can be disruptive and expensive, as a result of cultural issues, solely or partially. Options for management can include exiting the unsuccessful relationship early, thereby limiting the sunk costs in the relationship. Alternatively, a prediction of relationship problems, as specifically identified by the model, would enable the parties to take corrective action early to move the relationship into a successful position.

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